See ac in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for ac meaning in Old English (9.3kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ook"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: ook, ok, ak, ake\nEnglish: oak\nScots: aik, ake; yik",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: ook, ok, ak, ake\nEnglish: oak\nScots: aik, ake; yik"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂eyǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aiks"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aiks",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *aiks.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "āc",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-cons-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "āc",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ǣċ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "āc",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ǣċ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǣċ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "āce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "āca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǣċ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ācum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-o-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "āc",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "āca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "āce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "āce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "āca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "āce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "āce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "āca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "āce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ācum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "āc",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ācas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "āc",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ācas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "āces",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "āca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "āce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ācum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "āc",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "āc f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"head": "āc"
},
"expansion": "āc f",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "āc",
"2": "ǣċ"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-cons-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "āc",
"2": "ǣċ",
"3": "āc",
"4": "ǣċ",
"5": "ǣċ,āce",
"6": "āca",
"7": "ǣċ",
"8": "ācum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong consonant stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "āc"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-o-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "āc",
"2": "āca,āce",
"3": "āce",
"4": "āca,āce",
"5": "āce",
"6": "āca",
"7": "āce",
"8": "ācum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong ō-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "āc"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "āc",
"2": "ācas",
"3": "āc",
"4": "ācas",
"5": "āces",
"6": "āca",
"7": "āce",
"8": "ācum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 19 43 23 11",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Oaks",
"orig": "ang:Oaks",
"parents": [
"Beech family plants",
"Trees",
"Fagales order plants",
"Plants",
"Shrubs",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 23 33 25 15",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Trees",
"orig": "ang:Trees",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"oak (wood or tree)"
],
"id": "en-ac-ang-noun-W~BN2sb~",
"links": [
[
"oak",
"oak"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 30 2 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 33 7 30 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English nouns with multiple declensions",
"parents": [
"Nouns with multiple declensions",
"Nouns by inflection type",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an oaken ship"
],
"id": "en-ac-ang-noun-Os4rY0T6",
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) an oaken ship"
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Undetermined terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 30 2 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 33 7 30 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English nouns with multiple declensions",
"parents": [
"Nouns with multiple declensions",
"Nouns by inflection type",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 21 4 21 50",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Runic letter names",
"orig": "ang:Runic letter names",
"parents": [
"Letter names",
"Letters, symbols, and punctuation",
"Names",
"Orthography",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Writing",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Lemmas",
"Human",
"Communication"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the runic character ᚪ (/ɑ/)"
],
"id": "en-ac-ang-noun-uAY6klpA",
"raw_glosses": [
"(masculine) the runic character ᚪ (/ɑ/)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɑːk/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ǣċ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "aac"
}
],
"word": "ac"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ac",
"3": "ak",
"4": "ah"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: ac, ak, ah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: ac, ak, ah"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ak",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *ak.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "ac",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The axe forgets, but the tree remembers.",
"text": "Sēo æx forġiett, ac þæt trēow ġeman.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"but"
],
"id": "en-ac-ang-conj-zcKZN4hx",
"links": [
[
"but",
"but"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 30 2 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 33 7 30 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English nouns with multiple declensions",
"parents": [
"Nouns with multiple declensions",
"Nouns by inflection type",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "We don't shed tears, we shed blood.",
"text": "Ne ġēotaþ wē tēaras, ac blōd.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Non ego, sed tu: “Not me, you.” Non bos est, sed equus: “It's not an ox, it's a horse.”",
"text": "c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English\nNōn egō, sed tū: “Nā iċ, ac þū.” Nōn bōs est, sed equus: “Nis hit nā oxa, ac is hors.”",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "and if we lose the transitory things of this world, then should we know that our dwelling is not here, but is in heaven, if we hope in God.",
"text": "late 10th century, Ælfric, \"Memory of the Saints\"\nand gif we forleosað þas lænan woruld-þingc, þonne sceole we witan þæt ure wunung nis na her ac is on heofonum gif we hopiað to gode.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"but instead: in this sense ac should sometimes be translated as \"but,\" but most often it is best left untranslated"
],
"id": "en-ac-ang-conj-fgWXvMRj",
"links": [
[
"but",
"but"
],
[
"instead",
"instead"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɑk/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ah — Northumbrian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ach"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "oc"
}
],
"word": "ac"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English conjunctions",
"Old English consonant stem nouns",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English feminine nouns",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English nouns with multiple declensions",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eyǵ-",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English ō-stem nouns",
"ang:Oaks",
"ang:Runic letter names",
"ang:Trees"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ook"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: ook, ok, ak, ake\nEnglish: oak\nScots: aik, ake; yik",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: ook, ok, ak, ake\nEnglish: oak\nScots: aik, ake; yik"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂eyǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aiks"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aiks",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *aiks.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "āc",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-cons-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "āc",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ǣċ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "āc",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ǣċ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǣċ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "āce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "āca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǣċ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ācum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-o-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "āc",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "āca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "āce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "āce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "āca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "āce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "āce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "āca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "āce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ācum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "āc",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ācas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "āc",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ācas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "āces",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "āca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "āce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ācum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "āc",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "āc f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"head": "āc"
},
"expansion": "āc f",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "āc",
"2": "ǣċ"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-cons-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "āc",
"2": "ǣċ",
"3": "āc",
"4": "ǣċ",
"5": "ǣċ,āce",
"6": "āca",
"7": "ǣċ",
"8": "ācum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong consonant stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "āc"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-o-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "āc",
"2": "āca,āce",
"3": "āce",
"4": "āca,āce",
"5": "āce",
"6": "āca",
"7": "āce",
"8": "ācum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong ō-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "āc"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "āc",
"2": "ācas",
"3": "āc",
"4": "ācas",
"5": "āces",
"6": "āca",
"7": "āce",
"8": "ācum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"oak (wood or tree)"
],
"links": [
[
"oak",
"oak"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English poetic terms"
],
"glosses": [
"an oaken ship"
],
"links": [
[
"poetic",
"poetic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) an oaken ship"
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Undetermined terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"the runic character ᚪ (/ɑ/)"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(masculine) the runic character ᚪ (/ɑ/)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɑːk/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ǣċ"
},
{
"word": "aac"
}
],
"word": "ac"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English conjunctions",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English nouns with multiple declensions",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"ang:Oaks",
"ang:Runic letter names",
"ang:Trees"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ac",
"3": "ak",
"4": "ah"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: ac, ak, ah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: ac, ak, ah"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ak",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *ak.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "ac",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The axe forgets, but the tree remembers.",
"text": "Sēo æx forġiett, ac þæt trēow ġeman.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"but"
],
"links": [
[
"but",
"but"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations",
"Old English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "We don't shed tears, we shed blood.",
"text": "Ne ġēotaþ wē tēaras, ac blōd.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Non ego, sed tu: “Not me, you.” Non bos est, sed equus: “It's not an ox, it's a horse.”",
"text": "c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English\nNōn egō, sed tū: “Nā iċ, ac þū.” Nōn bōs est, sed equus: “Nis hit nā oxa, ac is hors.”",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "and if we lose the transitory things of this world, then should we know that our dwelling is not here, but is in heaven, if we hope in God.",
"text": "late 10th century, Ælfric, \"Memory of the Saints\"\nand gif we forleosað þas lænan woruld-þingc, þonne sceole we witan þæt ure wunung nis na her ac is on heofonum gif we hopiað to gode.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"but instead: in this sense ac should sometimes be translated as \"but,\" but most often it is best left untranslated"
],
"links": [
[
"but",
"but"
],
[
"instead",
"instead"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɑk/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ah — Northumbrian"
},
{
"word": "ach"
},
{
"word": "oc"
}
],
"word": "ac"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.