grotig

grotiġ (canonical)
grotiġ (masculine nominative singular)
grotiġ (feminine nominative singular)
grotiġ (neuter nominative singular)
grotiġne (accusative masculine singular)
grotiġe (accusative feminine singular)
grotiġ (accusative neuter singular)
grotiġes (genitive masculine singular)
grotiġre (feminine genitive singular)
grotiġes (genitive neuter singular)
grotiġum (dative masculine singular)
grotiġre (dative feminine singular)
grotiġum (dative neuter singular)
grotiġe (instrumental masculine singular)
grotiġre (feminine instrumental singular)
grotiġe (instrumental neuter singular)
grotiġe (masculine nominative plural)
grotiġa (feminine nominative plural)
grotiġe (feminine nominative plural)
grotiġ (neuter nominative plural)
grotiġe (accusative masculine plural)
grotiġa (accusative feminine plural)
grotiġe (accusative feminine plural)
grotiġ (accusative neuter plural)
grotiġra (genitive masculine plural)
grotiġra (feminine genitive plural)
grotiġra (genitive neuter plural)
grotiġum (dative masculine plural)
grotiġum (dative feminine plural)
grotiġum (dative neuter plural)
grotiġum (instrumental masculine plural)
grotiġum (feminine instrumental plural)
grotiġum (instrumental neuter plural)
grotiġa (masculine nominative singular)
grotiġe (feminine nominative singular)
grotiġe (neuter nominative singular)
grotiġan (accusative masculine singular)
grotiġan (accusative feminine singular)
grotiġe (accusative neuter singular)
grotiġan (genitive masculine singular)
grotiġan (feminine genitive singular)
grotiġan (genitive neuter singular)
grotiġan (dative masculine singular)
grotiġan (dative feminine singular)
grotiġan (dative neuter singular)
grotiġan (instrumental masculine singular)
grotiġan (feminine instrumental singular)
grotiġan (instrumental neuter singular)
grotiġan (masculine nominative plural)
grotiġan (feminine nominative plural)
grotiġan (neuter nominative plural)
grotiġan (accusative masculine plural)
grotiġan (accusative feminine plural)
grotiġan (accusative neuter plural)
grotiġra (genitive masculine plural)
grotiġena (genitive masculine plural)
grotiġra (feminine genitive plural)
grotiġena (feminine genitive plural)
grotiġra (genitive neuter plural)
grotiġena (genitive neuter plural)
grotiġum (dative masculine plural)
grotiġum (dative feminine plural)
grotiġum (dative neuter plural)
grotiġum (instrumental masculine plural)
grotiġum (feminine instrumental plural)
grotiġum (instrumental neuter plural)

Middle English: groti, grooti

English: grotty, groaty

Scots: grotty

Consisting of or resembling particles, particulate, earthy


Cristes mæssedæg

Cristes mæssedæġ (canonical masculine)
Cristes mæssedæġ (nominative singular)
Cristes mæssedagas (nominative plural)
Cristes mæssedæġ (accusative singular)
Cristes mæssedagas (accusative plural)
Cristes mæssedæġes (genitive singular)
Cristes mæssedaga (genitive plural)
Cristes mæssedæġe (dative singular)
Cristes mæssedagum (dative plural)

Middle English: Cristemasse day

English: Christmas Day


þrimilcemonaþ

From þri + milce + mōnaþ, lit. "three-milk-month."

Se fīfta mōnaþ is nemned on ūre geðeōde Ðrymylce, for ðon sƿylc genihtsumnesƿæs geō on Brytone and eāc on Germania lande, of ðæm Ongla ðeōd com on ðās Breotone, ðæt hī on ðæm mōnðe þriƿa on dæge mylcedon heora neāt.

725, Bede, The Reckoning of Time, Ch. 15

the fifth month is called Ðrymylce in our language, because before, there was such abundance in Britain and also in Germania, whence the Angle-people came to Britain, would milk their cows thrice a day.


mæsseæfen

mæsseǣfen (canonical masculine)
mæsseǣfen (nominative singular)
mæsseǣfennas (nominative plural)
mæsseǣfen (accusative singular)
mæsseǣfennas (accusative plural)
mæsseǣfennes (genitive singular)
mæsseǣfenna (genitive plural)
mæsseǣfenne (dative singular)
mæsseǣfennum (dative plural)


mæsseniht

mæsseniht (nominative singular)
mæsseniht (nominative plural)
mæsseniht (accusative singular)
mæsseniht (accusative plural)
mæsseniht (genitive singular)
mæssenihta (genitive plural)
mæsseniht (dative singular)
mæssenihtum (dative plural)


Cristes mæsseniht

Cristes mæsseniht (nominative singular)
Cristes mæsseniht (nominative plural)
Cristes mæsseniht (accusative singular)
Cristes mæsseniht (accusative plural)
Cristes mæsseniht (genitive singular)
Cristes mæssenihta (genitive plural)
Cristes mæsseniht (dative singular)
Cristes mæssenihtum (dative plural)

Middle English: Cristemasse nyght


ealra halgena mæsseæfen

ealra hālgena mæsseǣfen (canonical masculine)
ealra hālgena mæsseǣfen (nominative singular)
ealra hālgena mæsseǣfennas (nominative plural)
ealra hālgena mæsseǣfen (accusative singular)
ealra hālgena mæsseǣfennas (accusative plural)
ealra hālgena mæsseǣfennes (genitive singular)
ealra hālgena mæsseǣfenna (genitive plural)
ealra hālgena mæsseǣfenne (dative singular)
ealra hālgena mæsseǣfennum (dative plural)

Halloween; the day or evening before All Saints' Day


Cristes mæsseæfen

Cristes mæsseǣfen (canonical masculine)
Cristes mæsseǣfen (nominative singular)
Cristes mæsseǣfennas (nominative plural)
Cristes mæsseǣfen (accusative singular)
Cristes mæsseǣfennas (accusative plural)
Cristes mæsseǣfennes (genitive singular)
Cristes mæsseǣfenna (genitive plural)
Cristes mæsseǣfenne (dative singular)
Cristes mæsseǣfennum (dative plural)

Middle English: Cristemasse eve

English: Christmas Eve

Not attested, but assumed to exist based on analogous terms such as Cristes mæsseniht (“night before Christmas”), Cristes mæsseūhta (“last part of the night before Christmas”), and ealra hālgena mæsseǣfen (“Halloween”, literally “All Saints' Eve”), as well as Middle English Cristemasse eve.


Cristes mæsseuhta

Cristes mæsseūhta (canonical masculine)
Cristes mæsseūhta (nominative singular)
Cristes mæsseūhtan (nominative plural)
Cristes mæsseūhtan (accusative singular)
Cristes mæsseūhtan (accusative plural)
Cristes mæsseūhtan (genitive singular)
Cristes mæsseūhtena (genitive plural)
Cristes mæsseūhtan (dative singular)
Cristes mæsseūhtum (dative plural)

the last part of the night before Christmas


færweg

færweġ (canonical masculine)
færweġ (nominative singular)
færwegas (nominative plural)
færweġ (accusative singular)
færwegas (accusative plural)
færweġes (genitive singular)
færwega (genitive plural)
færweġe (dative singular)
færwegum (dative plural)

desc

Middle English: farewaye, fairway, fare-waye

English: fareway

From Proto-West Germanic *faraweg, equivalent to fær + weġ.


hloþsliht

hlōþsliht (canonical masculine)
hlōþsliht (nominative singular)
hlōþslihtas (nominative plural)
hlōþsliht (accusative singular)
hlōþslihtas (accusative plural)
hlōþslihtes (genitive singular)
hlōþslihta (genitive plural)
hlōþslihte (dative singular)
hlōþslihtum (dative plural)


wundorgiefu

wundorġiefu (canonical feminine)
wundorġiefu (nominative singular)
wundorġiefa (nominative plural)
wundorġiefe (nominative plural)
wundorġiefe (accusative singular)
wundorġiefa (accusative plural)
wundorġiefe (accusative plural)
wundorġiefe (genitive singular)
wundorġiefa (genitive plural)
wundorġiefe (dative singular)
wundorġiefum (dative plural)


sweorbeag

swēorbēag (canonical masculine)
swēorbēag (nominative singular)
swēorbēagas (nominative plural)
swēorbēag (accusative singular)
swēorbēagas (accusative plural)
swēorbēages (genitive singular)
swēorbēaga (genitive plural)
swēorbēage (dative singular)
swēorbēagum (dative plural)

/ˈswe͜oːrˌbæ͜ɑːɡ/

[ˈswe͜oːrˌbæ͜ɑːɣ]

object worn around the neck, often made of gold or silver: collar, necklace


hlec

hlec (masculine nominative singular)
hlecu (feminine nominative singular)
hleco (feminine nominative singular)
hlec (neuter nominative singular)
hlecne (accusative masculine singular)
hlece (accusative feminine singular)
hlec (accusative neuter singular)
hleces (genitive masculine singular)
hlecre (feminine genitive singular)
hleces (genitive neuter singular)
hlecum (dative masculine singular)
hlecre (dative feminine singular)
hlecum (dative neuter singular)
hlece (instrumental masculine singular)
hlecre (feminine instrumental singular)
hlece (instrumental neuter singular)
hlece (masculine nominative plural)
hleca (feminine nominative plural)
hlece (feminine nominative plural)
hlecu (neuter nominative plural)
hleco (neuter nominative plural)
hlece (accusative masculine plural)
hleca (accusative feminine plural)
hlece (accusative feminine plural)
hlecu (accusative neuter plural)
hleco (accusative neuter plural)
hlecra (genitive masculine plural)
hlecra (feminine genitive plural)
hlecra (genitive neuter plural)
hlecum (dative masculine plural)
hlecum (dative feminine plural)
hlecum (dative neuter plural)
hlecum (instrumental masculine plural)
hlecum (feminine instrumental plural)
hlecum (instrumental neuter plural)
hleca (masculine nominative singular)
hlece (feminine nominative singular)
hlece (neuter nominative singular)
hlecan (accusative masculine singular)
hlecan (accusative feminine singular)
hlece (accusative neuter singular)
hlecan (genitive masculine singular)
hlecan (feminine genitive singular)
hlecan (genitive neuter singular)
hlecan (dative masculine singular)
hlecan (dative feminine singular)
hlecan (dative neuter singular)
hlecan (instrumental masculine singular)
hlecan (feminine instrumental singular)
hlecan (instrumental neuter singular)
hlecan (masculine nominative plural)
hlecan (feminine nominative plural)
hlecan (neuter nominative plural)
hlecan (accusative masculine plural)
hlecan (accusative feminine plural)
hlecan (accusative neuter plural)
hlecra (genitive masculine plural)
hlecena (genitive masculine plural)
hlecra (feminine genitive plural)
hlecena (feminine genitive plural)
hlecra (genitive neuter plural)
hlecena (genitive neuter plural)
hlecum (dative masculine plural)
hlecum (dative feminine plural)
hlecum (dative neuter plural)
hlecum (instrumental masculine plural)
hlecum (feminine instrumental plural)
hlecum (instrumental neuter plural)

Middle English: leke, leeke

From Proto-West Germanic *lek, *lak, from Proto-Germanic *lekaz, *lakaz (“leaky”). Compare Icelandic lekur, Dutch lek.


underwreþian

underwreþian (infinitive)
underwreþienne (infinitive)
underwreþiġe (first-person present singular)
underwreþode (first-person past singular)
underwreþast (present second-person singular)
underwreþodest (past second-person singular)
underwreþaþ (present singular third-person)
underwreþode (past singular third-person)
underwreþiaþ (plural present)
underwreþodon (past plural)
underwreþiġe (present singular)
underwreþode (past singular)
underwreþiġen (plural present)
underwreþoden (past plural)
underwreþa (imperative past present singular)
underwreþiaþ (imperative past plural present)
underwreþiende (imperative present)
underwreþod (imperative past)

⇒ Middle English: underwrethed (ppt)


geares dæg

ġēares dæġ (canonical masculine)
ġēares dæġ (nominative singular)
ġēares dagas (nominative plural)
ġēares dæġ (accusative singular)
ġēares dagas (accusative plural)
ġēares dæġes (genitive singular)
ġēares daga (genitive plural)
ġēares dæġe (dative singular)
ġēares dagum (dative plural)

Middle English: ȝeres-dai, ȝeresday, yeeres dai, Yeeris Day, ȝere's day

⇒ English: New Year's Day

From Proto-West Germanic *jārasdag, from Proto-West Germanic *jāradag.

c. 992, Ælfric, "The Octaves and Circumcision of Our Lord"
Wē habbaþ oft ġehīered þæt menn hātaþ þisne dæġ ġēares dæġ, swelċe þēs dæġ fyrmest sīe on ġēares ymbryne. Ac wē ne ġemētaþ nāne swutolunge on cristenum bōcum hwȳ þēs dæġ tō ġēares anġinne ġeteald sīe.

We have often heard that people call this day year's day, as if this is the first day in the course of the year. But we find no explanation in Christian books for why this day is considered the beginning of the year.


englas

nominative and accusative plural of enġel


Ælfgiefu

Ælfġiefu (canonical feminine)
Ælfġiefu (nominative singular)
Ælfġiefe (accusative singular)
Ælfġiefe (genitive singular)
Ælfġiefe (dative singular)

→ Old Norse: Alfífa, Álfífa

Icelandic: Alfífa

one of several notable individuals named Ælfgifu


belefan

belēfan (canonical)
belēfan (infinitive)
belēfenne (infinitive)
belēfanne (infinitive)
belēfu (first-person present singular)
belēfe (first-person present singular)
belēfde (first-person past singular)
belēfes (present second-person singular)
belēfdes (past second-person singular)
belēfeþ (present singular third-person)
belēfde (past singular third-person)
belēfaþ (plural present)
belēfdun (past plural)
belēfdon (past plural)
belēfe (present singular)
belēfde (past singular)
belēfen (plural present)
belēfden (past plural)
belēf (imperative past present singular)
belēfaþ (imperative past plural present)
belēfende (imperative present)
belēfed (imperative past)

Alternative form of belīefan (“to believe”)


gelefan

ġelēfan (canonical)
ġelēfan (infinitive)
ġelēfenne (infinitive)
ġelēfanne (infinitive)
ġelēfu (first-person present singular)
ġelēfe (first-person present singular)
ġelēfde (first-person past singular)
ġelēfes (present second-person singular)
ġelēfdes (past second-person singular)
ġelēfeþ (present singular third-person)
ġelēfde (past singular third-person)
ġelēfaþ (plural present)
ġelēfdun (past plural)
ġelēfdon (past plural)
ġelēfe (present singular)
ġelēfde (past singular)
ġelēfen (plural present)
ġelēfden (past plural)
ġelēf (imperative past present singular)
ġelēfaþ (imperative past plural present)
ġelēfende (imperative present)
ġelēfed (imperative past)

Alternative form of ġelīefan (“to believe; to believe in”)


folcstow

folcstōw (canonical feminine)
folcstōw (nominative singular)
folcstōwa (nominative plural)
folcstōwe (nominative plural)
folcstōwe (accusative singular)
folcstōwa (accusative plural)
folcstōwe (accusative plural)
folcstōwe (genitive singular)
folcstōwa (genitive plural)
folcstōwe (dative singular)
folcstōwum (dative plural)

folc (“country, rural”) + -stōw (“place”)


cedelc

cedelc (nominative singular)
cedelca (nominative plural)
cedelce (nominative plural)
cedelce (accusative singular)
cedelca (accusative plural)
cedelce (accusative plural)
cedelce (genitive singular)
cedelca (genitive plural)
cedelce (dative singular)
cedelcum (dative plural)

Middle English: ketlok, kellok

English: kedlock

English: kilk

Unknown, but apparently related to Low German Ködik, Köddik (“charlock”). Compare also Middle Low German hēderik, hederik, hedderik (“charlock”), Old High German hederīh (“hedge mustard, charlock”), possibly from Latin hederāceus (“made of ivy, ivy-like”).

cog

Mercurialis perennis
Wikispecies:Mercurialis perennis

(botany) herb mercury (Mercurialis perennis)

Rhamphospermum arvense
Rhamphospermum arvense#Translingual

Sinapis arvensis
Sinapis arvensis#Translingual

(botany) charlock (Rhamphospermum arvense, syns. Sinapis arvensis, etc.)


sicel

siċel (canonical masculine)
siċel (nominative singular)
siċelas (nominative plural)
siċel (accusative singular)
siċelas (accusative plural)
siċeles (genitive singular)
siċela (genitive plural)
siċele (dative singular)
siċelum (dative plural)

Middle English: sichel


on wæl feallan

[on ˈwæl ˌfæ͜ɑɫ.ɫɑn]

Literally "to fall into slaughter." From Proto-Germanic *in walą fallaną. Cognate with Old Norse falla í val.


middes wintres dæg

middes wintres dæġ (canonical masculine)
middes wintres dæġ (nominative singular)
middes wintres dagas (nominative plural)
middes wintres dæġ (accusative singular)
middes wintres dagas (accusative plural)
middes wintres dæġes (genitive singular)
middes wintres daga (genitive plural)
middes wintres dæġe (dative singular)
middes wintres dagum (dative plural)

Middle English: middewinteres day

Possibly a shortening of middes wintres mæssedæġ, which appears earlier. The closely analogous term middes wintres mæsseniht (“night before Christmas”) even appears in the Early West Saxon of the Parker Chronicle (late 9th century).


middes wintres mæsseniht

middes wintres mæsseniht (nominative singular)
middes wintres mæsseniht (nominative plural)
middes wintres mæsseniht (accusative singular)
middes wintres mæsseniht (accusative plural)
middes wintres mæsseniht (genitive singular)
middes wintres mæssenihta (genitive plural)
middes wintres mæsseniht (dative singular)
middes wintres mæssenihtum (dative plural)


geoldæg

ġēoldæġ (canonical)
ġeōldæġ (canonical masculine)
ġēoldæġ (nominative singular)
ġēoldagas (nominative plural)
ġēoldæġ (accusative singular)
ġēoldagas (accusative plural)
ġēoldæġes (genitive singular)
ġēoldaga (genitive plural)
ġēoldæġe (dative singular)
ġēoldagum (dative plural)
ġeōldæġ (nominative singular)
ġeōldagas (nominative plural)
ġeōldæġ (accusative singular)
ġeōldagas (accusative plural)
ġeōldæġes (genitive singular)
ġeōldaga (genitive plural)
ġeōldæġe (dative singular)
ġeōldagum (dative plural)

Middle English: Yōl day

From Proto-Germanic *jehwladagaz. Cognate with Old Norse jóladagr. Equivalent to ġēol + dæġ.


geolniht

ġēolniht (canonical)
ġeōlniht (canonical feminine)
ġēolniht (nominative singular)
ġēolniht (nominative plural)
ġēolniht (accusative singular)
ġēolniht (accusative plural)
ġēolniht (genitive singular)
ġēolnihta (genitive plural)
ġēolniht (dative singular)
ġēolnihtum (dative plural)
ġeōlniht (nominative singular)
ġeōlniht (nominative plural)
ġeōlniht (accusative singular)
ġeōlniht (accusative plural)
ġeōlniht (genitive singular)
ġeōlnihta (genitive plural)
ġeōlniht (dative singular)
ġeōlnihtum (dative plural)

Middle English: Yol nyght

From Proto-Germanic *jehwlanahts. Cognate with Old Norse jólanátt. Equivalent to ġēol + niht.


middes wintres mæssedæg

middes wintres mæssedæġ (canonical masculine)
middes wintres mæssedæġ (nominative singular)
middes wintres mæssedagas (nominative plural)
middes wintres mæssedæġ (accusative singular)
middes wintres mæssedagas (accusative plural)
middes wintres mæssedæġes (genitive singular)
middes wintres mæssedaga (genitive plural)
middes wintres mæssedæġe (dative singular)
middes wintres mæssedagum (dative plural)


geohhol

Apparently from Proto-West Germanic *jehhwl, alteration of *jehwl, with irregular doubling of a velar before /w/. This /w/ then became syllabic /u/ between consonants. Neither sound change applied consistently, but both are known to have occurred in a few words. The exact same development happened to hweohhol, variant of hwēol.


scyppan

sċyppan (canonical)
sċyppan (infinitive)
sċyppenne (infinitive)
sċyppe (first-person present singular)
sċōp (first-person past singular)
sċeōp (first-person past singular)
sċypest (present second-person singular)
sċōpe (past second-person singular)
sċeōpe (past second-person singular)
sċypeþ (present singular third-person)
sċōp (past singular third-person)
sċeōp (past singular third-person)
sċyppaþ (plural present)
sċōpon (past plural)
sċeōpon (past plural)
sċyppe (present singular)
sċōpe (past singular)
sċeōpe (past singular)
sċyppen (plural present)
sċōpen (past plural)
sċeōpen (past plural)
sċype (imperative past present singular)
sċyppaþ (imperative past plural present)
sċyppende (imperative present)
sċeapen (imperative past)
ġesċeapen (imperative past)
sċapen (imperative past)
ġesċapen (imperative past)

From Proto-Germanic *skapjaną. Cognate with Old Frisian skeppa, Old High German scaffan, Old Norse skapa.


gebyhþ

ġebyhþ (canonical feminine)
ġebyhþ (nominative singular)
ġebyhþa (nominative plural)
ġebyhþe (nominative plural)
ġebyhþe (accusative singular)
ġebyhþa (accusative plural)
ġebyhþe (accusative plural)
ġebyhþe (genitive singular)
ġebyhþa (genitive plural)
ġebyhþe (dative singular)
ġebyhþum (dative plural)

From ġe- + *byhþ. Compare Old Norse bygð (“settlement, habitation, abode”).


eastertid

ēastertīd (canonical feminine)
ēastertīd (nominative singular)
ēastertīde (nominative plural)
ēastertīda (nominative plural)
ēastertīd (accusative singular)
ēastertīde (accusative singular)
ēastertīde (accusative plural)
ēastertīda (accusative plural)
ēastertīde (genitive singular)
ēastertīda (genitive plural)
ēastertīde (dative singular)
ēastertīdum (dative plural)

Middle English: Estertide

English: Eastertide


handseten

handseten (nominative singular)
handsetena (nominative plural)
handsetene (nominative plural)
handsetene (accusative singular)
handsetena (accusative plural)
handsetene (accusative plural)
handsetene (genitive singular)
handsetena (genitive plural)
handsetene (dative singular)
handsetenum (dative plural)


geoltid

ġēoltīd (canonical feminine)
ġēoltīd (nominative singular)
ġēoltīde (nominative plural)
ġēoltīda (nominative plural)
ġēoltīd (accusative singular)
ġēoltīde (accusative singular)
ġēoltīde (accusative plural)
ġēoltīda (accusative plural)
ġēoltīde (genitive singular)
ġēoltīda (genitive plural)
ġēoltīde (dative singular)
ġēoltīdum (dative plural)

Middle English: Yoltide

English: Yuletide

Though modern Yuletide is only first attested at the boundary between Middle and Modern English (c. 1475), this word is also supported by the Old Norse cognate jólatíð and analogous terms such as Eastertide, which shows up already in Old English as ēastertīd. The late attestation is not surprising, as the word Yule had been confined to the North since the close of the Old English period, only spreading elsewhere in the 19th century. For more, see Yule and tide.


snawgebland

snāwġebland (canonical neuter)
snāwġebland (nominative singular)
snāwġebland (nominative plural)
snāwġebland (accusative singular)
snāwġebland (accusative plural)
snāwġeblandes (genitive singular)
snāwġeblanda (genitive plural)
snāwġeblande (dative singular)
snāwġeblandum (dative plural)


oþer twega

From Proto-Germanic *anþera twajjǫ̂ (literally “one of two”). Cognate with Old Norse annat tveggja.

inh

one of two, one or the other; introduces the phrase "either... or..."


geflit

ġeflit (canonical neuter)
ġeflit (nominative singular)
ġeflitu (nominative plural)
ġeflit (accusative singular)
ġeflitu (accusative plural)
ġeflites (genitive singular)
ġeflita (genitive plural)
ġeflite (dative singular)
ġeflitum (dative plural)

Middle English: flit


flitcræftlic

flitcræftlīċ (canonical)
flitcræftlīċ (masculine nominative singular)
flitcræftlīċ (feminine nominative singular)
flitcræftlīċu (feminine nominative singular)
flitcræftlīċo (feminine nominative singular)
flitcræftlīċ (neuter nominative singular)
flitcræftlīcne (accusative masculine singular)
flitcræftlīċe (accusative feminine singular)
flitcræftlīċ (accusative neuter singular)
flitcræftlīċes (genitive masculine singular)
flitcræftlīcre (feminine genitive singular)
flitcræftlīċes (genitive neuter singular)
flitcræftlīċum (dative masculine singular)
flitcræftlīcre (dative feminine singular)
flitcræftlīċum (dative neuter singular)
flitcræftlīċe (instrumental masculine singular)
flitcræftlīcre (feminine instrumental singular)
flitcræftlīċe (instrumental neuter singular)
flitcræftlīċe (masculine nominative plural)
flitcræftlīċa (feminine nominative plural)
flitcræftlīċe (feminine nominative plural)
flitcræftlīċ (neuter nominative plural)
flitcræftlīċu (neuter nominative plural)
flitcræftlīċo (neuter nominative plural)
flitcræftlīċe (accusative masculine plural)
flitcræftlīċa (accusative feminine plural)
flitcræftlīċe (accusative feminine plural)
flitcræftlīċ (accusative neuter plural)
flitcræftlīċu (accusative neuter plural)
flitcræftlīċo (accusative neuter plural)
flitcræftlīcra (genitive masculine plural)
flitcræftlīcra (feminine genitive plural)
flitcræftlīcra (genitive neuter plural)
flitcræftlīċum (dative masculine plural)
flitcræftlīċum (dative feminine plural)
flitcræftlīċum (dative neuter plural)
flitcræftlīċum (instrumental masculine plural)
flitcræftlīċum (feminine instrumental plural)
flitcræftlīċum (instrumental neuter plural)
flitcræftlīċa (masculine nominative singular)
flitcræftlīċe (feminine nominative singular)
flitcræftlīċe (neuter nominative singular)
flitcræftlīċan (accusative masculine singular)
flitcræftlīċan (accusative feminine singular)
flitcræftlīċe (accusative neuter singular)
flitcræftlīċan (genitive masculine singular)
flitcræftlīċan (feminine genitive singular)
flitcræftlīċan (genitive neuter singular)
flitcræftlīċan (dative masculine singular)
flitcræftlīċan (dative feminine singular)
flitcræftlīċan (dative neuter singular)
flitcræftlīċan (instrumental masculine singular)
flitcræftlīċan (feminine instrumental singular)
flitcræftlīċan (instrumental neuter singular)
flitcræftlīċan (masculine nominative plural)
flitcræftlīċan (feminine nominative plural)
flitcræftlīċan (neuter nominative plural)
flitcræftlīċan (accusative masculine plural)
flitcræftlīċan (accusative feminine plural)
flitcræftlīċan (accusative neuter plural)
flitcræftlīcra (genitive masculine plural)
flitcræftlīċena (genitive masculine plural)
flitcræftlīcra (feminine genitive plural)
flitcræftlīċena (feminine genitive plural)
flitcræftlīcra (genitive neuter plural)
flitcræftlīċena (genitive neuter plural)
flitcræftlīċum (dative masculine plural)
flitcræftlīċum (dative feminine plural)
flitcræftlīċum (dative neuter plural)
flitcræftlīċum (instrumental masculine plural)
flitcræftlīċum (feminine instrumental plural)
flitcræftlīċum (instrumental neuter plural)


geendod

ġeendod (canonical)
ġeendod (masculine nominative singular)
ġeendod (feminine nominative singular)
ġeendod (neuter nominative singular)
ġeendodne (accusative masculine singular)
ġeendode (accusative feminine singular)
ġeendod (accusative neuter singular)
ġeendodes (genitive masculine singular)
ġeendodre (feminine genitive singular)
ġeendodes (genitive neuter singular)
ġeendodum (dative masculine singular)
ġeendodre (dative feminine singular)
ġeendodum (dative neuter singular)
ġeendode (instrumental masculine singular)
ġeendodre (feminine instrumental singular)
ġeendode (instrumental neuter singular)
ġeendode (masculine nominative plural)
ġeendoda (feminine nominative plural)
ġeendode (feminine nominative plural)
ġeendod (neuter nominative plural)
ġeendode (accusative masculine plural)
ġeendoda (accusative feminine plural)
ġeendode (accusative feminine plural)
ġeendod (accusative neuter plural)
ġeendodra (genitive masculine plural)
ġeendodra (feminine genitive plural)
ġeendodra (genitive neuter plural)
ġeendodum (dative masculine plural)
ġeendodum (dative feminine plural)
ġeendodum (dative neuter plural)
ġeendodum (instrumental masculine plural)
ġeendodum (feminine instrumental plural)
ġeendodum (instrumental neuter plural)
ġeendoda (masculine nominative singular)
ġeendode (feminine nominative singular)
ġeendode (neuter nominative singular)
ġeendodan (accusative masculine singular)
ġeendodan (accusative feminine singular)
ġeendode (accusative neuter singular)
ġeendodan (genitive masculine singular)
ġeendodan (feminine genitive singular)
ġeendodan (genitive neuter singular)
ġeendodan (dative masculine singular)
ġeendodan (dative feminine singular)
ġeendodan (dative neuter singular)
ġeendodan (instrumental masculine singular)
ġeendodan (feminine instrumental singular)
ġeendodan (instrumental neuter singular)
ġeendodan (masculine nominative plural)
ġeendodan (feminine nominative plural)
ġeendodan (neuter nominative plural)
ġeendodan (accusative masculine plural)
ġeendodan (accusative feminine plural)
ġeendodan (accusative neuter plural)
ġeendodra (genitive masculine plural)
ġeendodena (genitive masculine plural)
ġeendodra (feminine genitive plural)
ġeendodena (feminine genitive plural)
ġeendodra (genitive neuter plural)
ġeendodena (genitive neuter plural)
ġeendodum (dative masculine plural)
ġeendodum (dative feminine plural)
ġeendodum (dative neuter plural)
ġeendodum (instrumental masculine plural)
ġeendodum (feminine instrumental plural)
ġeendodum (instrumental neuter plural)


sundorfeoh

sundorfeoh (nominative singular)
sundorfeoh (accusative singular)
sundorfēos (genitive singular)
sundorfēo (dative singular)


freondlufu

frēondlufu (canonical feminine)
frēondlufu (nominative singular)
frēondlufa (nominative plural)
frēondlufe (nominative plural)
frēondlufe (accusative singular)
frēondlufa (accusative plural)
frēondlufe (accusative plural)
frēondlufe (genitive singular)
frēondlufa (genitive plural)
frēondlufe (dative singular)
frēondlufum (dative plural)

love between or for friends: platonic love


siblufu

siblufu (nominative singular)
siblufa (nominative plural)
siblufe (nominative plural)
siblufe (accusative singular)
siblufa (accusative plural)
siblufe (accusative plural)
siblufe (genitive singular)
siblufa (genitive plural)
siblufe (dative singular)
siblufum (dative plural)


bearnlufu

bearnlufu (nominative singular)
bearnlufa (nominative plural)
bearnlufe (nominative plural)
bearnlufe (accusative singular)
bearnlufa (accusative plural)
bearnlufe (accusative plural)
bearnlufe (genitive singular)
bearnlufa (genitive plural)
bearnlufe (dative singular)
bearnlufum (dative plural)


broþorlufu

brōþorlufu (canonical feminine)
brōþorlufu (nominative singular)
brōþorlufa (nominative plural)
brōþorlufe (nominative plural)
brōþorlufe (accusative singular)
brōþorlufa (accusative plural)
brōþorlufe (accusative plural)
brōþorlufe (genitive singular)
brōþorlufa (genitive plural)
brōþorlufe (dative singular)
brōþorlufum (dative plural)


feohlufu

feohlufu (nominative singular)
feohlufa (nominative plural)
feohlufe (nominative plural)
feohlufe (accusative singular)
feohlufa (accusative plural)
feohlufe (accusative plural)
feohlufe (genitive singular)
feohlufa (genitive plural)
feohlufe (dative singular)
feohlufum (dative plural)


modorlufu

mōdorlufu (canonical feminine)
mōdorlufu (nominative singular)
mōdorlufa (nominative plural)
mōdorlufe (nominative plural)
mōdorlufe (accusative singular)
mōdorlufa (accusative plural)
mōdorlufe (accusative plural)
mōdorlufe (genitive singular)
mōdorlufa (genitive plural)
mōdorlufe (dative singular)
mōdorlufum (dative plural)


umbor

umbor (nominative singular)
umbor (nominative plural)
umbor (accusative singular)
umbor (accusative plural)
umbores (genitive singular)
umbora (genitive plural)
umbore (dative singular)
umborum (dative plural)

Origin obscure. Possibly from Proto-West Germanic *unbur (“unborn child, womb-child”), from Proto-Germanic *unburaz (“unborn”, adjective), equivalent to un- (“un-, not”) + a derivative of Proto-Germanic *beraną (“to bear”), related to Old English byre (“son, child, descendant”).

unk

Origin obscure


grafu

grafu (nominative singular)
grafa (nominative plural)
grafe (nominative plural)
grafe (accusative singular)
grafa (accusative plural)
grafe (accusative plural)
grafe (genitive singular)
grafa (genitive plural)
grafe (dative singular)
grafum (dative plural)

gl

merger with Old English <i class="Latn mention" lang="ang">græf</i>

Middle English: grave (merger with Old English græf)

English: grave

Scots: grave, grawe


hymlice

hymlice (canonical)
hymlīce (canonical feminine)
hymlice (nominative singular)
hymlican (nominative plural)
hymlican (accusative singular)
hymlican (accusative plural)
hymlican (genitive singular)
hymlicena (genitive plural)
hymlican (dative singular)
hymlicum (dative plural)

See hymlic

Unknown. Liberman compares Proto-Slavic *čemerъ (“false hellebore”), also used to describe venom or poison caused by this plant, from Proto-Indo-European *kemer-. The closest Germanic cognate is Low German hemern.


swatfah

swātfāh (canonical)
swātfāh (masculine nominative singular)
swātfāh (feminine nominative singular)
swātfāh (neuter nominative singular)
swātfāgne (accusative masculine singular)
swātfāge (accusative feminine singular)
swātfāh (accusative neuter singular)
swātfāges (genitive masculine singular)
swātfāgre (feminine genitive singular)
swātfāges (genitive neuter singular)
swātfāgum (dative masculine singular)
swātfāgre (dative feminine singular)
swātfāgum (dative neuter singular)
swātfāge (instrumental masculine singular)
swātfāgre (feminine instrumental singular)
swātfāge (instrumental neuter singular)
swātfāge (masculine nominative plural)
swātfāga (feminine nominative plural)
swātfāge (feminine nominative plural)
swātfāh (neuter nominative plural)
swātfāge (accusative masculine plural)
swātfāga (accusative feminine plural)
swātfāge (accusative feminine plural)
swātfāh (accusative neuter plural)
swātfāgra (genitive masculine plural)
swātfāgra (feminine genitive plural)
swātfāgra (genitive neuter plural)
swātfāgum (dative masculine plural)
swātfāgum (dative feminine plural)
swātfāgum (dative neuter plural)
swātfāgum (instrumental masculine plural)
swātfāgum (feminine instrumental plural)
swātfāgum (instrumental neuter plural)
swātfāga (masculine nominative singular)
swātfāge (feminine nominative singular)
swātfāge (neuter nominative singular)
swātfāgan (accusative masculine singular)
swātfāgan (accusative feminine singular)
swātfāge (accusative neuter singular)
swātfāgan (genitive masculine singular)
swātfāgan (feminine genitive singular)
swātfāgan (genitive neuter singular)
swātfāgan (dative masculine singular)
swātfāgan (dative feminine singular)
swātfāgan (dative neuter singular)
swātfāgan (instrumental masculine singular)
swātfāgan (feminine instrumental singular)
swātfāgan (instrumental neuter singular)
swātfāgan (masculine nominative plural)
swātfāgan (feminine nominative plural)
swātfāgan (neuter nominative plural)
swātfāgan (accusative masculine plural)
swātfāgan (accusative feminine plural)
swātfāgan (accusative neuter plural)
swātfāgra (genitive masculine plural)
swātfāgena (genitive masculine plural)
swātfāgra (feminine genitive plural)
swātfāgena (feminine genitive plural)
swātfāgra (genitive neuter plural)
swātfāgena (genitive neuter plural)
swātfāgum (dative masculine plural)
swātfāgum (dative feminine plural)
swātfāgum (dative neuter plural)
swātfāgum (instrumental masculine plural)
swātfāgum (feminine instrumental plural)
swātfāgum (instrumental neuter plural)


hymlic

hymlic (canonical)
hymlīc (canonical masculine)
hymlic (nominative singular)
hymlicas (nominative plural)
hymlic (accusative singular)
hymlicas (accusative plural)
hymlices (genitive singular)
hymlica (genitive plural)
hymlice (dative singular)
hymlicum (dative plural)

desc

Middle English: hemloke, hemelok, homelok, humlok

English: hemlock

Scots: hemlok, homlok, humlok, humlock


geodagas

ġeōdagas (canonical masculine plural)
ġeōdagas (nominative plural)
ġeōdagas (accusative plural)
ġeōdaga (genitive plural)
ġeōdagum (dative plural)

late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy
Hwæt þū ġehīerdest þætte ġeōdagum ġelamp þæt ān swīðe wīs mann and swīðe rīċe ongann fandian ānes ūðwitan and hine bismrode for þon hē hine swā orgellīċe upp āhōf and bōde þæs þæt hē ūðwita wǣre.

You've heard that in ancient times, a very wise and successful man started to test a philosopher and mocked him for exalting himself so arrogantly and bragging that he was a philosopher.

Ġeōdagum Rōmāne and ēac Engle ġehālgodon on þissa tungla ġemynd heora dagas, and þone forman dæġ hīe hēton "sunnan dæġ," for þon hēo is ealra tungla wlitiġest.

In ancient times, both the Romans and the English sanctified the days of the week in honor of these stars. The first day they called "the day of the sun," because it is the brightest of all stars.


cildhama

ċildhama (canonical masculine)
ċildhama (nominative singular)
ċildhaman (nominative plural)
ċildhaman (accusative singular)
ċildhaman (accusative plural)
ċildhaman (genitive singular)
ċildhamena (genitive plural)
ċildhaman (dative singular)
ċildhamum (dative plural)


utsiht

ūtsiht (canonical feminine)
ūtsiht (nominative singular)
ūtsihte (nominative plural)
ūtsihta (nominative plural)
ūtsiht (accusative singular)
ūtsihte (accusative singular)
ūtsihte (accusative plural)
ūtsihta (accusative plural)
ūtsihte (genitive singular)
ūtsihta (genitive plural)
ūtsihte (dative singular)
ūtsihtum (dative plural)

Composed of ūt- + *siht (literally “straining out”), the latter a derivative of sēon (“to strain”).


onfundennes

onfundennes (nominative singular)
onfundennessa (nominative plural)
onfundennesse (nominative plural)
onfundennesse (accusative singular)
onfundennessa (accusative plural)
onfundennesse (accusative plural)
onfundennesse (genitive singular)
onfundennessa (genitive plural)
onfundennesse (dative singular)
onfundennessum (dative plural)


stafas

nominative and accusative plural of stæf


runere

rūnere (canonical masculine)
rūnere (nominative singular)
rūneras (nominative plural)
rūnere (accusative singular)
rūneras (accusative plural)
rūneres (genitive singular)
rūnera (genitive plural)
rūnere (dative singular)
rūnerum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *rūnārī. Cognate with Old High German rūnāri. Equivalent to rūn + -ere.


dopenid

dopenid (nominative singular)
dopenide (nominative plural)
dopenida (nominative plural)
dopenid (accusative singular)
dopenide (accusative singular)
dopenide (accusative plural)
dopenida (accusative plural)
dopenide (genitive singular)
dopenida (genitive plural)
dopenide (dative singular)
dopenidum (dative plural)

From *doppa (“dipping”) + enid (“duck”).


orþanclic

orþanclīċ (canonical)
orþanclīċ (masculine nominative singular)
orþanclīċ (feminine nominative singular)
orþanclīċu (feminine nominative singular)
orþanclīċo (feminine nominative singular)
orþanclīċ (neuter nominative singular)
orþanclīcne (accusative masculine singular)
orþanclīċe (accusative feminine singular)
orþanclīċ (accusative neuter singular)
orþanclīċes (genitive masculine singular)
orþanclīcre (feminine genitive singular)
orþanclīċes (genitive neuter singular)
orþanclīċum (dative masculine singular)
orþanclīcre (dative feminine singular)
orþanclīċum (dative neuter singular)
orþanclīċe (instrumental masculine singular)
orþanclīcre (feminine instrumental singular)
orþanclīċe (instrumental neuter singular)
orþanclīċe (masculine nominative plural)
orþanclīċa (feminine nominative plural)
orþanclīċe (feminine nominative plural)
orþanclīċ (neuter nominative plural)
orþanclīċu (neuter nominative plural)
orþanclīċo (neuter nominative plural)
orþanclīċe (accusative masculine plural)
orþanclīċa (accusative feminine plural)
orþanclīċe (accusative feminine plural)
orþanclīċ (accusative neuter plural)
orþanclīċu (accusative neuter plural)
orþanclīċo (accusative neuter plural)
orþanclīcra (genitive masculine plural)
orþanclīcra (feminine genitive plural)
orþanclīcra (genitive neuter plural)
orþanclīċum (dative masculine plural)
orþanclīċum (dative feminine plural)
orþanclīċum (dative neuter plural)
orþanclīċum (instrumental masculine plural)
orþanclīċum (feminine instrumental plural)
orþanclīċum (instrumental neuter plural)
orþanclīċa (masculine nominative singular)
orþanclīċe (feminine nominative singular)
orþanclīċe (neuter nominative singular)
orþanclīċan (accusative masculine singular)
orþanclīċan (accusative feminine singular)
orþanclīċe (accusative neuter singular)
orþanclīċan (genitive masculine singular)
orþanclīċan (feminine genitive singular)
orþanclīċan (genitive neuter singular)
orþanclīċan (dative masculine singular)
orþanclīċan (dative feminine singular)
orþanclīċan (dative neuter singular)
orþanclīċan (instrumental masculine singular)
orþanclīċan (feminine instrumental singular)
orþanclīċan (instrumental neuter singular)
orþanclīċan (masculine nominative plural)
orþanclīċan (feminine nominative plural)
orþanclīċan (neuter nominative plural)
orþanclīċan (accusative masculine plural)
orþanclīċan (accusative feminine plural)
orþanclīċan (accusative neuter plural)
orþanclīcra (genitive masculine plural)
orþanclīċena (genitive masculine plural)
orþanclīcra (feminine genitive plural)
orþanclīċena (feminine genitive plural)
orþanclīcra (genitive neuter plural)
orþanclīċena (genitive neuter plural)
orþanclīċum (dative masculine plural)
orþanclīċum (dative feminine plural)
orþanclīċum (dative neuter plural)
orþanclīċum (instrumental masculine plural)
orþanclīċum (feminine instrumental plural)
orþanclīċum (instrumental neuter plural)


cynebearn

cynebearn (nominative singular)
cynebearn (nominative plural)
cynebearn (accusative singular)
cynebearn (accusative plural)
cynebearnes (genitive singular)
cynebearna (genitive plural)
cynebearne (dative singular)
cynebearnum (dative plural)

Composed of cyne- + bearn, literally “royal child.”

child or offspring of a king: a prince or princess


wintres dæg

wintres dæġ (canonical masculine)
wintres dæġ (nominative singular)
wintres dagas (nominative plural)
wintres dæġ (accusative singular)
wintres dagas (accusative plural)
wintres dæġes (genitive singular)
wintres daga (genitive plural)
wintres dæġe (dative singular)
wintres dagum (dative plural)

the first day of winter, given in one Anglo-Saxon source as November 7th


gefragian

ġefrāgian (canonical)
ġefrāgian (infinitive)
ġefrāgienne (infinitive)
ġefrāgiġe (first-person present singular)
ġefrāgode (first-person past singular)
ġefrāgast (present second-person singular)
ġefrāgodest (past second-person singular)
ġefrāgaþ (present singular third-person)
ġefrāgode (past singular third-person)
ġefrāgiaþ (plural present)
ġefrāgodon (past plural)
ġefrāgiġe (present singular)
ġefrāgode (past singular)
ġefrāgiġen (plural present)
ġefrāgoden (past plural)
ġefrāga (imperative past present singular)
ġefrāgiaþ (imperative past plural present)
ġefrāgiende (imperative present)
ġefrāgod (imperative past)


fragian

frāgian (canonical)
frāgian (infinitive)
frāgienne (infinitive)
frāgiġe (first-person present singular)
frāgode (first-person past singular)
frāgast (present second-person singular)
frāgodest (past second-person singular)
frāgaþ (present singular third-person)
frāgode (past singular third-person)
frāgiaþ (plural present)
frāgodon (past plural)
frāgiġe (present singular)
frāgode (past singular)
frāgiġen (plural present)
frāgoden (past plural)
frāga (imperative past present singular)
frāgiaþ (imperative past plural present)
frāgiende (imperative present)
frāgod (imperative past)
ġefrāgod (imperative past)


fleswian

fleswian (infinitive)
fleswienne (infinitive)
fleswiġe (first-person present singular)
fleswode (first-person past singular)
fleswast (present second-person singular)
fleswodest (past second-person singular)
fleswaþ (present singular third-person)
fleswode (past singular third-person)
fleswiaþ (plural present)
fleswodon (past plural)
fleswiġe (present singular)
fleswode (past singular)
fleswiġen (plural present)
fleswoden (past plural)
fleswa (imperative past present singular)
fleswiaþ (imperative past plural present)
fleswiende (imperative present)
fleswod (imperative past)
ġefleswod (imperative past)

Unknown. Perhaps a metathetic alteration of *flēwsian (“to flow, flux, fluctuate”), suggested by Old English flēwsa (“flow, flux”).


docincel

dōcincel (canonical neuter)
dōcincel (nominative singular)
dōcinclu (nominative plural)
dōcincel (accusative singular)
dōcinclu (accusative plural)
dōcincles (genitive singular)
dōcincla (genitive plural)
dōcincle (dative singular)
dōcinclum (dative plural)


þwæle

þwǣle (canonical feminine)
þwǣle (nominative singular)
þwǣlan (nominative plural)
þwǣlan (accusative singular)
þwǣlan (accusative plural)
þwǣlan (genitive singular)
þwǣlena (genitive plural)
þwǣlan (dative singular)
þwǣlum (dative plural)

a strip of material (e.g. bandage, ribbon, fillet, headband, etc.)


cliþan

clīþan (canonical)
clīþan (infinitive)
clīþenne (infinitive)
clīþe (first-person present singular)
clāþ (first-person past singular)
clīst (present second-person singular)
clide (past second-person singular)
clīþþ (present singular third-person)
clīþ (present singular third-person)
clāþ (past singular third-person)
clīþaþ (plural present)
clidon (past plural)
clīþe (present singular)
clide (past singular)
clīþen (plural present)
cliden (past plural)
clīþ (imperative past present singular)
clīþaþ (imperative past plural present)
clīþende (imperative present)
cliden (imperative past)
ġecliden (imperative past)


anglian

anglian (infinitive)
anglienne (infinitive)
angliġe (first-person present singular)
anglode (first-person past singular)
anglast (present second-person singular)
anglodest (past second-person singular)
anglaþ (present singular third-person)
anglode (past singular third-person)
angliaþ (plural present)
anglodon (past plural)
angliġe (present singular)
anglode (past singular)
angliġen (plural present)
angloden (past plural)
angla (imperative past present singular)
angliaþ (imperative past plural present)
angliende (imperative present)
anglod (imperative past)
ġeanglod (imperative past)

Middle English: anglen

English: angle


-menne

-menne (masculine nominative singular)
-mennu (feminine nominative singular)
-menno (feminine nominative singular)
-menne (neuter nominative singular)
-menne (accusative masculine singular)
-menne (accusative feminine singular)
-menne (accusative neuter singular)
-mennes (genitive masculine singular)
-menre (feminine genitive singular)
-mennes (genitive neuter singular)
-mennum (dative masculine singular)
-menre (dative feminine singular)
-mennum (dative neuter singular)
-menne (instrumental masculine singular)
-menre (feminine instrumental singular)
-menne (instrumental neuter singular)
-menne (masculine nominative plural)
-menna (feminine nominative plural)
-menne (feminine nominative plural)
-mennu (neuter nominative plural)
-menno (neuter nominative plural)
-menne (accusative masculine plural)
-menna (accusative feminine plural)
-menne (accusative feminine plural)
-mennu (accusative neuter plural)
-menno (accusative neuter plural)
-menra (genitive masculine plural)
-menra (feminine genitive plural)
-menra (genitive neuter plural)
-mennum (dative masculine plural)
-mennum (dative feminine plural)
-mennum (dative neuter plural)
-mennum (instrumental masculine plural)
-mennum (feminine instrumental plural)
-mennum (instrumental neuter plural)
-menna (masculine nominative singular)
-menne (feminine nominative singular)
-menne (neuter nominative singular)
-mennan (accusative masculine singular)
-mennan (accusative feminine singular)
-menne (accusative neuter singular)
-mennan (genitive masculine singular)
-mennan (feminine genitive singular)
-mennan (genitive neuter singular)
-mennan (dative masculine singular)
-mennan (dative feminine singular)
-mennan (dative neuter singular)
-mennan (instrumental masculine singular)
-mennan (feminine instrumental singular)
-mennan (instrumental neuter singular)
-mennan (masculine nominative plural)
-mennan (feminine nominative plural)
-mennan (neuter nominative plural)
-mennan (accusative masculine plural)
-mennan (accusative feminine plural)
-mennan (accusative neuter plural)
-menra (genitive masculine plural)
-mennena (genitive masculine plural)
-menra (feminine genitive plural)
-mennena (feminine genitive plural)
-menra (genitive neuter plural)
-mennena (genitive neuter plural)
-mennum (dative masculine plural)
-mennum (dative feminine plural)
-mennum (dative neuter plural)
-mennum (instrumental masculine plural)
-mennum (feminine instrumental plural)
-mennum (instrumental neuter plural)

Perhaps dates back to a Proto-Germanic *-mannijaz. Equivalent to mann + -e.

denotes having a certain number of people


æmenne

ǣmenne (canonical)
ǣmenne (masculine nominative singular)
ǣmennu (feminine nominative singular)
ǣmenno (feminine nominative singular)
ǣmenne (neuter nominative singular)
ǣmenne (accusative masculine singular)
ǣmenne (accusative feminine singular)
ǣmenne (accusative neuter singular)
ǣmennes (genitive masculine singular)
ǣmenre (feminine genitive singular)
ǣmennes (genitive neuter singular)
ǣmennum (dative masculine singular)
ǣmenre (dative feminine singular)
ǣmennum (dative neuter singular)
ǣmenne (instrumental masculine singular)
ǣmenre (feminine instrumental singular)
ǣmenne (instrumental neuter singular)
ǣmenne (masculine nominative plural)
ǣmenna (feminine nominative plural)
ǣmenne (feminine nominative plural)
ǣmennu (neuter nominative plural)
ǣmenno (neuter nominative plural)
ǣmenne (accusative masculine plural)
ǣmenna (accusative feminine plural)
ǣmenne (accusative feminine plural)
ǣmennu (accusative neuter plural)
ǣmenno (accusative neuter plural)
ǣmenra (genitive masculine plural)
ǣmenra (feminine genitive plural)
ǣmenra (genitive neuter plural)
ǣmennum (dative masculine plural)
ǣmennum (dative feminine plural)
ǣmennum (dative neuter plural)
ǣmennum (instrumental masculine plural)
ǣmennum (feminine instrumental plural)
ǣmennum (instrumental neuter plural)
ǣmenna (masculine nominative singular)
ǣmenne (feminine nominative singular)
ǣmenne (neuter nominative singular)
ǣmennan (accusative masculine singular)
ǣmennan (accusative feminine singular)
ǣmenne (accusative neuter singular)
ǣmennan (genitive masculine singular)
ǣmennan (feminine genitive singular)
ǣmennan (genitive neuter singular)
ǣmennan (dative masculine singular)
ǣmennan (dative feminine singular)
ǣmennan (dative neuter singular)
ǣmennan (instrumental masculine singular)
ǣmennan (feminine instrumental singular)
ǣmennan (instrumental neuter singular)
ǣmennan (masculine nominative plural)
ǣmennan (feminine nominative plural)
ǣmennan (neuter nominative plural)
ǣmennan (accusative masculine plural)
ǣmennan (accusative feminine plural)
ǣmennan (accusative neuter plural)
ǣmenra (genitive masculine plural)
ǣmennena (genitive masculine plural)
ǣmenra (feminine genitive plural)
ǣmennena (feminine genitive plural)
ǣmenra (genitive neuter plural)
ǣmennena (genitive neuter plural)
ǣmennum (dative masculine plural)
ǣmennum (dative feminine plural)
ǣmennum (dative neuter plural)
ǣmennum (instrumental masculine plural)
ǣmennum (feminine instrumental plural)
ǣmennum (instrumental neuter plural)

late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
Þā hē þǣr tō cōm, þā ne meahton hīe nānne mann on þām fæstenne ūtan ġesēon. Þā wundrode Alexander hwȳ hit swā ǣmenne wǣre.

When he got there, they couldn't see anyone in the fortress from the outside. Then Alexander wondered why it was so empty.


hysecild

hyseċild (canonical neuter)
hyseċild (nominative singular)
hyseċildru (nominative plural)
hyseċild (accusative singular)
hyseċildru (accusative plural)
hyseċildes (genitive singular)
hyseċildra (genitive plural)
hyseċilde (dative singular)
hyseċildrum (dative plural)
hyseċild (nominative singular)
hyseċild (nominative plural)
hyseċild (accusative singular)
hyseċild (accusative plural)
hyseċildes (genitive singular)
hyseċilda (genitive plural)
hyseċilde (dative singular)
hyseċildum (dative plural)

c. 992, Ælfric, "The Nativity of the Innocents"
Sende ða his cwelleras, and ofsloh ealle ða hysecild, þe wǽron on þære byrig Bethleem, and on eallum hyre gemærum, fram twywintrum cilde to anre nihte, be ðære tide þe hé geaxode æt ðam tungel-witegum.

He then sent his executioners, and slew all the male children that were in the city of Bethlehem, and in all its boundaries, from the child of two years to that of one day, according to the time which he had inquired of the astrologers.


heofone

heofone (nominative singular)
heofonan (nominative plural)
heofonan (accusative singular)
heofonan (accusative plural)
heofonan (genitive singular)
heofonena (genitive plural)
heofonan (dative singular)
heofonum (dative plural)


hyssas

nominative and accusative plural of hyse


nafugar

nafugār (canonical masculine)
nafugār (nominative singular)
nafugāras (nominative plural)
nafugār (accusative singular)
nafugāras (accusative plural)
nafugāres (genitive singular)
nafugāra (genitive plural)
nafugāre (dative singular)
nafugārum (dative plural)

Middle English: nauger

English: auger

From Proto-West Germanic *nabugaiʀ. Cognate with Old Saxon navugēr, Old High German nabagēr, Old Norse nafarr. Equivalent to nafu (“nave”) + gār (“spear”).


gieddung

ġieddung (canonical feminine)
ġieddung (nominative singular)
ġieddunga (nominative plural)
ġieddunge (nominative plural)
ġieddunge (accusative singular)
ġieddunga (accusative plural)
ġieddunge (accusative plural)
ġieddunge (genitive singular)
ġieddunga (genitive plural)
ġieddunge (dative singular)
ġieddungum (dative plural)

Middle English: ȝedding

English: yedding


bielg

bielġ (canonical masculine)
bielġ (nominative singular)
bielġas (nominative plural)
bielġ (accusative singular)
bielġas (accusative plural)
bielġes (genitive singular)
bielġa (genitive plural)
bielġe (dative singular)
bielġum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: bely, beli, baly, belwe, balyw, belgh
English: belly, ballow, bellows
Scots: belly, bally
Yola: bellee, belooze


ormodnes

ormōdnes (canonical feminine)
ormōdnes (nominative singular)
ormōdnessa (nominative plural)
ormōdnesse (nominative plural)
ormōdnesse (accusative singular)
ormōdnessa (accusative plural)
ormōdnesse (accusative plural)
ormōdnesse (genitive singular)
ormōdnessa (genitive plural)
ormōdnesse (dative singular)
ormōdnessum (dative plural)


Scieppend

Sċieppend (canonical masculine)
Sċieppend (nominative singular)
Sċieppend (nominative plural)
Sċieppende (nominative plural)
Sċieppendas (nominative plural)
Sċieppend (accusative singular)
Sċieppend (accusative plural)
Sċieppende (accusative plural)
Sċieppendas (accusative plural)
Sċieppendes (genitive singular)
Sċieppendra (genitive plural)
Sċieppende (dative singular)
Sċieppendum (dative plural)

From and identical to sċieppend (“a creator”), composed of sċieppan + -end.

the Creator: a god who created the universe


scieppend

sċieppend (canonical masculine)
sċieppend (nominative singular)
sċieppend (nominative plural)
sċieppende (nominative plural)
sċieppendas (nominative plural)
sċieppend (accusative singular)
sċieppend (accusative plural)
sċieppende (accusative plural)
sċieppendas (accusative plural)
sċieppendes (genitive singular)
sċieppendra (genitive plural)
sċieppende (dative singular)
sċieppendum (dative plural)

Alternative letter-case form of Sċieppend


weargtreow

weargtrēow (canonical neuter)
weargtrēow (nominative singular)
weargtrēow (nominative plural)
weargtrēow (accusative singular)
weargtrēow (accusative plural)
weargtrēowes (genitive singular)
weargtrēowa (genitive plural)
weargtrēowe (dative singular)
weargtrēowum (dative plural)

[ˈwæ͜ɑrˠɣˌtre͜oːw]

From Proto-Germanic *wargatrewą (“gallows; (literally) outlaw-tree”). Equivalent to wearg + trēow. Cognate with Old Saxon waragtreo and Old Norse vargtré.


oferstigan

oferstīgan (canonical)
oferstīgan (infinitive)
oferstīgenne (infinitive)
oferstīge (first-person present singular)
oferstāg (first-person past singular)
oferstāh (first-person past singular)
oferstīġst (present second-person singular)
oferstige (past second-person singular)
oferstīġþ (present singular third-person)
oferstāg (past singular third-person)
oferstāh (past singular third-person)
oferstīgaþ (plural present)
oferstigon (past plural)
oferstīge (present singular)
oferstige (past singular)
oferstīgen (plural present)
oferstigen (past plural)
oferstīġ (imperative past present singular)
oferstīgaþ (imperative past plural present)
oferstīgende (imperative present)
oferstiġen (imperative past)

From Proto-Germanic *uberstīganą. Cognate with Old High German obarstīgan, Old Norse yfirstíga, Gothic 𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌽 (ufarsteigan). Equivalent to ofer- + stīgan, literally "to climb over or across."

c. 992, Ælfric, "The Nativity of the Holy Virgins"
Eles ġecynd is þæt hē wile oferstīgan ǣlcne wǣtan.

The nature of oil is that it will rise to the top of any liquid.

late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
Þā ġenam Catalīnus þrēo hund manna mid him and on ānre dēagolre stōwe þone munt oferstāg.

Then Cataline took three hundred men with him and ascended the mountain at a secret place.

late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Pope Gregory's Pastoral Care
Sume þā ȳðe beċiereþ sē stēora mid þȳ sċipe, sume hē oferstīġþ.

Some of the waves the steersman avoids with the ship, some he climbs over.

c. 992, Ælfric of Eynsham, "The Nativity of St. Andrew the Apostle"
Fisċeras and unġetogene menn ġeċēas Dryhten him tō leornungcneohtum and hīe swā ġetēah þæt heora lār oferstāg ealne weoroldwīsdōm.

The Lord chose fishermen and uneducated people to be his disciples and taught them so that their learning surpassed all secular knowledge.

c. 992, Ælfric, "The Twenty-first Sunday after Pentecost"
On ðisum andweardan life sind þa gecorenan feawa geðuhte onġēan getel þæra wiðercorenra, ac þonne hí to ðam ecan life gegaderode beoð, heora tel bið swa menigfeald, þæt hit oferstīhð, be ðæs witegan cwyde, sand-ceosles gerím.

In this present life the chosen appear few in comparison with the number of the reprobates, but when they shall be gathered to the eternal life, their number will be so manifold, that it will exceed, according to the prophet's saying, the number of the sand-grains.

(figurative) (by extension) to be more or better: surpass, transcend, exceed


Þrowendas

Þrōwendas (canonical masculine plural)
Þrōwend (nominative plural)
Þrōwende (nominative plural)
Þrōwendas (nominative plural)
Þrōwend (accusative plural)
Þrōwende (accusative plural)
Þrōwendas (accusative plural)
Þrōwendra (genitive plural)
Þrōwendum (dative plural)

desc

→ English: Throwends, Throwens (learned)

Compare Proto-Norse *þrōwendīʀ m pl, from Proto-Germanic *þrōwōną (“to grow, thrive, prosper”) + *-ndz. Cognate with Old Norse þrǿndir, þrǿndr, Icelandic Þrændir and Norwegian trønder.

af

Mid Þyringum ic wæs and mid Þrowendum and mid Burgendum,

1898, Joseph Bosworth, Thomas Northcote Toller, An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, page 1072:

With Thuringians I was and with Throwends and with Burgundians,

Thronds, Throwends; a Norwegian people inhabiting the area of modern Trøndelag.


hweohhol

Apparently from Proto-West Germanic *hwehhwl, alteration of *hwehwl.


frecn

frēcn (canonical neuter)
frēcn (nominative singular)
frēcn (nominative plural)
frēcn (accusative singular)
frēcn (accusative plural)
frēcnes (genitive singular)
frēcna (genitive plural)
frēcne (dative singular)
frēcnum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *frōkni, from Proto-Germanic *frōkniz.


cwanian

cwānian (canonical)
cwānian (infinitive)
cwānienne (infinitive)
cwāniġe (first-person present singular)
cwānode (first-person past singular)
cwānast (present second-person singular)
cwānodest (past second-person singular)
cwānaþ (present singular third-person)
cwānode (past singular third-person)
cwāniaþ (plural present)
cwānodon (past plural)
cwāniġe (present singular)
cwānode (past singular)
cwāniġen (plural present)
cwānoden (past plural)
cwāna (imperative past present singular)
cwāniaþ (imperative past plural present)
cwāniende (imperative present)
cwānod (imperative past)
ġecwānod (imperative past)

gl

merged with Old Norse <i class="Latn mention" lang="non">kveina</i>

Middle English: quanen, quainen (merged with Old Norse kveina)

From Proto-West Germanic *kwainōn, from Proto-Germanic *kwainōną.


tungolwitega

tungolwītega (canonical masculine)
tungolwītega (nominative singular)
tungolwītegan (nominative plural)
tungolwītegan (accusative singular)
tungolwītegan (accusative plural)
tungolwītegan (genitive singular)
tungolwītegena (genitive plural)
tungolwītegan (dative singular)
tungolwītegum (dative plural)


witgestre

wītġestre (canonical feminine)
wītġestre (nominative singular)
wītġestran (nominative plural)
wītġestran (accusative singular)
wītġestran (accusative plural)
wītġestran (genitive singular)
wītġestrena (genitive plural)
wītġestran (dative singular)
wītġestrum (dative plural)

Equivalent to wītga + -estre or wītgian + -estre.


witge

wītġe (canonical feminine)
wītġe (nominative singular)
wītgan (nominative plural)
wītgan (accusative singular)
wītgan (accusative plural)
wītgan (genitive singular)
wītgena (genitive plural)
wītgan (dative singular)
wītgum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *wītagā. Cognate with Old High German wīzaga. Equivalent to wītga + -e.


witga

wītga (canonical masculine)
wītga (nominative singular)
wītgan (nominative plural)
wītgan (accusative singular)
wītgan (accusative plural)
wītgan (genitive singular)
wītgena (genitive plural)
wītgan (dative singular)
wītgum (dative plural)

Middle English: witeȝe, witiȝe, witie

From earlier *wītægā, from Proto-West Germanic *wītagō.

(of things) foreshadowing, presage, omen


witgung

wītgung (canonical feminine)
wītgung (nominative singular)
wītgunga (nominative plural)
wītgunge (nominative plural)
wītgunge (accusative singular)
wītgunga (accusative plural)
wītgunge (accusative plural)
wītgunge (genitive singular)
wītgunga (genitive plural)
wītgunge (dative singular)
wītgungum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *wītagungu. Cognate with Old High German wīzagunga. Equivalent to wītgian + -ung.


witigdom

wītiġdōm (canonical masculine)
wītiġdōm (nominative singular)
wītiġdōmas (nominative plural)
wītiġdōm (accusative singular)
wītiġdōmas (accusative plural)
wītiġdōmes (genitive singular)
wītiġdōma (genitive plural)
wītiġdōme (dative singular)
wītiġdōmum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *wītagadōm. Cognate with Old High German wīzagtuom. By the literary period equivalent to wītiġ + -dōm, but probably formed originally from the etymons of wītga + -dōm; wītiġdōm is the expected outcome either way. Compare lǣċedōm (“medicine”), which is formed similarly.


witgian

wītgian (canonical)
wītgian (infinitive)
wītgienne (infinitive)
wītgiġe (first-person present singular)
wītgode (first-person past singular)
wītgast (present second-person singular)
wītgodest (past second-person singular)
wītgaþ (present singular third-person)
wītgode (past singular third-person)
wītgiaþ (plural present)
wītgodon (past plural)
wītgiġe (present singular)
wītgode (past singular)
wītgiġen (plural present)
wītgoden (past plural)
wītga (imperative past present singular)
wītgiaþ (imperative past plural present)
wītgiende (imperative present)
wītgod (imperative past)
ġewītgod (imperative past)

Middle English: wītien

From Proto-West Germanic *wītagōn. Equivalent to wītga + -ian.

late 10th century, Ælfric, Lives of Saints
Þā on þām eahteoþan ġēare siþþan hēo abbudisse wæs, hēo wæs ġeuntrumod swā swā hēo ǣr witeġode, swā þæt ān ġeswel wēox on hire swūran myċel under ċynnbane...

Then on the eighth year since she became abbodess, she was sickened as she had previously predicted, as a large tumor grew on her neck under the chinbone....


tungolwitga

tungolwītga (canonical masculine)
tungolwītga (nominative singular)
tungolwītgan (nominative plural)
tungolwītgan (accusative singular)
tungolwītgan (accusative plural)
tungolwītgan (genitive singular)
tungolwītgena (genitive plural)
tungolwītgan (dative singular)
tungolwītgum (dative plural)

Compound of tungol (“star”) + wītga (“prophet”). Displaced by English astrologer. Compare Old Polish gwiazdomówca or Ancient Greek ἀστρολόγος (astrológos), which are formed using similar lexemes.

com+

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Manuscript A, year 2

Then astrologers from the east came to worship Christ.

Þā tungolwītgan of ēastdǣle cōmon tō þon þæt hīe Crist weorðoden.


colpytt

pytt (nominative singular)
pyttas (nominative plural)
pytt (accusative singular)
pyttas (accusative plural)
pyttes (genitive singular)
pytta (genitive plural)
pytte (dative singular)
pyttum (dative plural)

Middle English: colpit

English: coalpit

Composed of col (“coal”) + pytt (“pit”).

coalpit: a pit where coal is extracted or charcoal is made


mægeþblæd

mæġeþblæd (canonical neuter)
mæġeþblæd (nominative singular)
mæġeþbladu (nominative plural)
mæġeþblæd (accusative singular)
mæġeþbladu (accusative plural)
mæġeþblædes (genitive singular)
mæġeþblada (genitive plural)
mæġeþblæde (dative singular)
mæġeþbladum (dative plural)


mægeþhad

mæġeþhād (canonical masculine)
mæġeþhād (nominative singular)
mæġeþhādas (nominative plural)
mæġeþhād (accusative singular)
mæġeþhādas (accusative plural)
mæġeþhādes (genitive singular)
mæġeþhāda (genitive plural)
mæġeþhāde (dative singular)
mæġeþhādum (dative plural)

Composed of mæġeþ (“virgin”) + -hād (“-hood”). Compare Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌸𐌴𐌹 (magaþei, “virginity”), with the same first element.

c. 992, Ælfric, "On the Purification of St. Mary"
Mæġeþhād is ǣġðer ġe on wǣpnedmannum ġe on wīfmannum.


fremdian

fremdian (infinitive)
fremdienne (infinitive)
fremdiġe (first-person present singular)
fremdode (first-person past singular)
fremdast (present second-person singular)
fremdodest (past second-person singular)
fremdaþ (present singular third-person)
fremdode (past singular third-person)
fremdiaþ (plural present)
fremdodon (past plural)
fremdiġe (present singular)
fremdode (past singular)
fremdiġen (plural present)
fremdoden (past plural)
fremda (imperative past present singular)
fremdiaþ (imperative past plural present)
fremdiende (imperative present)
fremdod (imperative past)
ġefremdod (imperative past)

Equivalent to fremde + -ian. Compare Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (framaþjan, “to alienate”).

cog

to alienate, estrange, make indifferent to

to make an alien of a person, excommunicate


læcecist

lǣċeċist (canonical feminine)
lǣċeċist (nominative singular)
lǣċeċista (nominative plural)
lǣċeċiste (nominative plural)
lǣċeċiste (accusative singular)
lǣċeċista (accusative plural)
lǣċeċiste (accusative plural)
lǣċeċiste (genitive singular)
lǣċeċista (genitive plural)
lǣċeċiste (dative singular)
lǣċeċistum (dative plural)

Composed of lǣċe (“doctor”) + ċist (“chest”).


cealfra hus

ċealfra hūs (canonical neuter)
ċealfra hūs (nominative singular)
ċealfra hūs (nominative plural)
ċealfra hūs (accusative singular)
ċealfra hūs (accusative plural)
ċealfra hūses (genitive singular)
ċealfra hūsa (genitive plural)
ċealfra hūse (dative singular)
ċealfra hūsum (dative plural)

[ˈt͡ʃæ͜ɑɫ.vrɑ ˌhuːs]

Literally "house of calves," more idiomatically "calf house." Compare hunda hūs.


aspylian

āspȳlian (canonical)
āspȳlian (infinitive)
āspȳlienne (infinitive)
āspȳliġe (first-person present singular)
āspȳlode (first-person past singular)
āspȳlast (present second-person singular)
āspȳlodest (past second-person singular)
āspȳlaþ (present singular third-person)
āspȳlode (past singular third-person)
āspȳliaþ (plural present)
āspȳlodon (past plural)
āspȳliġe (present singular)
āspȳlode (past singular)
āspȳliġen (plural present)
āspȳloden (past plural)
āspȳla (imperative past present singular)
āspȳliaþ (imperative past plural present)
āspȳliende (imperative present)
āspȳlod (imperative past)

From ā- + *spȳlian, of uncertain origin and relation. Presumably from Proto-West Germanic *spūlijōn, though no other cognates support this form. Compare Old High German spuolen (“to wash”), from Proto-West Germanic *spōlijan (“to wash”).

unk

uncertain


feorhadl

feorhādl (canonical feminine)
feorhādl (nominative singular)
feorhādla (nominative plural)
feorhādle (nominative plural)
feorhādle (accusative singular)
feorhādla (accusative plural)
feorhādle (accusative plural)
feorhādle (genitive singular)
feorhādla (genitive plural)
feorhādle (dative singular)
feorhādlum (dative plural)

Composed of feorh (“life”) + ādl (“disease”).


cildclaþ

ċildclāþ (canonical masculine)
ċildclāþ (nominative singular)
ċildclāþas (nominative plural)
ċildclāþ (accusative singular)
ċildclāþas (accusative plural)
ċildclāþes (genitive singular)
ċildclāþa (genitive plural)
ċildclāþe (dative singular)
ċildclāþum (dative plural)

[ˈt͡ʃiɫdˌklɑːθ]

Composed of ċild (“baby”) + clāþ (“cloth”).

swaddling cloth; (in the plural), swaddling clothes


munuccild

munucċild (canonical neuter)
munucċild (nominative singular)
munucċildru (nominative plural)
munucċild (accusative singular)
munucċildru (accusative plural)
munucċildes (genitive singular)
munucċildra (genitive plural)
munucċilde (dative singular)
munucċildrum (dative plural)
munucċild (nominative singular)
munucċild (nominative plural)
munucċild (accusative singular)
munucċild (accusative plural)
munucċildes (genitive singular)
munucċilda (genitive plural)
munucċilde (dative singular)
munucċildum (dative plural)

Composed of munuc (“monk”) + ċild (“child”).


cildfedende

ċildfēdende (canonical)
ċildfēdende (masculine nominative singular)
ċildfēdendu (feminine nominative singular)
ċildfēdendo (feminine nominative singular)
ċildfēdende (neuter nominative singular)
ċildfēdendne (accusative masculine singular)
ċildfēdende (accusative feminine singular)
ċildfēdende (accusative neuter singular)
ċildfēdendes (genitive masculine singular)
ċildfēdendre (feminine genitive singular)
ċildfēdendes (genitive neuter singular)
ċildfēdendum (dative masculine singular)
ċildfēdendre (dative feminine singular)
ċildfēdendum (dative neuter singular)
ċildfēdende (instrumental masculine singular)
ċildfēdendre (feminine instrumental singular)
ċildfēdende (instrumental neuter singular)
ċildfēdende (masculine nominative plural)
ċildfēdenda (feminine nominative plural)
ċildfēdende (feminine nominative plural)
ċildfēdendu (neuter nominative plural)
ċildfēdendo (neuter nominative plural)
ċildfēdende (accusative masculine plural)
ċildfēdenda (accusative feminine plural)
ċildfēdende (accusative feminine plural)
ċildfēdendu (accusative neuter plural)
ċildfēdendo (accusative neuter plural)
ċildfēdendra (genitive masculine plural)
ċildfēdendra (feminine genitive plural)
ċildfēdendra (genitive neuter plural)
ċildfēdendum (dative masculine plural)
ċildfēdendum (dative feminine plural)
ċildfēdendum (dative neuter plural)
ċildfēdendum (instrumental masculine plural)
ċildfēdendum (feminine instrumental plural)
ċildfēdendum (instrumental neuter plural)
ċildfēdenda (masculine nominative singular)
ċildfēdende (feminine nominative singular)
ċildfēdende (neuter nominative singular)
ċildfēdendan (accusative masculine singular)
ċildfēdendan (accusative feminine singular)
ċildfēdende (accusative neuter singular)
ċildfēdendan (genitive masculine singular)
ċildfēdendan (feminine genitive singular)
ċildfēdendan (genitive neuter singular)
ċildfēdendan (dative masculine singular)
ċildfēdendan (dative feminine singular)
ċildfēdendan (dative neuter singular)
ċildfēdendan (instrumental masculine singular)
ċildfēdendan (feminine instrumental singular)
ċildfēdendan (instrumental neuter singular)
ċildfēdendan (masculine nominative plural)
ċildfēdendan (feminine nominative plural)
ċildfēdendan (neuter nominative plural)
ċildfēdendan (accusative masculine plural)
ċildfēdendan (accusative feminine plural)
ċildfēdendan (accusative neuter plural)
ċildfēdendra (genitive masculine plural)
ċildfēdendena (genitive masculine plural)
ċildfēdendra (feminine genitive plural)
ċildfēdendena (feminine genitive plural)
ċildfēdendra (genitive neuter plural)
ċildfēdendena (genitive neuter plural)
ċildfēdendum (dative masculine plural)
ċildfēdendum (dative feminine plural)
ċildfēdendum (dative neuter plural)
ċildfēdendum (instrumental masculine plural)
ċildfēdendum (feminine instrumental plural)
ċildfēdendum (instrumental neuter plural)

Composed of ċild (“baby”) + fēdende (“feeding”).


giemeliest

ġīemelīest (canonical feminine)
ġīemelīest (nominative singular)
ġīemelīesta (nominative plural)
ġīemelīeste (nominative plural)
ġīemelīeste (accusative singular)
ġīemelīesta (accusative plural)
ġīemelīeste (accusative plural)
ġīemelīeste (genitive singular)
ġīemelīesta (genitive plural)
ġīemelīeste (dative singular)
ġīemelīestum (dative plural)

Composed of ġīemelēas + -t or ġīeme + -līest.


cattes minte

cattes minte (nominative singular)
cattes mintan (nominative plural)
cattes mintan (accusative singular)
cattes mintan (accusative plural)
cattes mintan (genitive singular)
cattes mintena (genitive plural)
cattes mintan (dative singular)
cattes mintum (dative plural)

Middle English: cattes minte

English: catmint

Unattested in Old English; its listing in the Bosworth-Toller is an error. However, the word's appearance in early Middle English (c. 1230) and other Germanic languages (German Katzenminze, Icelandic kattarminta, Swedish kattmynta) means that it is very likely to have existed in Old English as well.


oferhygd

oferhyġd (canonical feminine)
oferhyġd (nominative singular)
oferhyġde (nominative plural)
oferhyġda (nominative plural)
oferhyġd (accusative singular)
oferhyġde (accusative singular)
oferhyġde (accusative plural)
oferhyġda (accusative plural)
oferhyġde (genitive singular)
oferhyġda (genitive plural)
oferhyġde (dative singular)
oferhyġdum (dative plural)


on weorce

c. 973, Æthelwold, translation of the Rule of Saint Benedict
Sē twelfta stepe ēaðmōdnesse is ġif munuc biþ ǣġhwǣr ēaðmōd eallum þām þe hine on lōciaþ, ġe on weorce, ġe on ġebēdhūse, ġe innan mynstre, ġe on wyrttūne, ġe on fare, ġe on æcre.

The twelfth level of humility is if a monk is humble everywhere to anyone who looks at him, whether at work, in the oratory, in the monastery, in the garden, on a journey, or in the field.


cycenþegnung

cyċenþeġnung (canonical feminine)
cyċenþeġnung (nominative singular)
cyċenþeġnunga (nominative plural)
cyċenþeġnunge (nominative plural)
cyċenþeġnunge (accusative singular)
cyċenþeġnunga (accusative plural)
cyċenþeġnunge (accusative plural)
cyċenþeġnunge (genitive singular)
cyċenþeġnunga (genitive plural)
cyċenþeġnunge (dative singular)
cyċenþeġnungum (dative plural)

Composed of cyċene (“kitchen”) + þeġnung (“service”).

compound

Sē ærċediācon and sē prēost mōton bēon āspelode fram þǣre cyċenþeġnunge.

The archdeacon and the priest may be excused from kitchen duty.


nihtwaru

nihtwaru (nominative singular)
nihtwara (nominative plural)
nihtware (nominative plural)
nihtware (accusative singular)
nihtwara (accusative plural)
nihtware (accusative plural)
nihtware (genitive singular)
nihtwara (genitive plural)
nihtware (dative singular)
nihtwarum (dative plural)

English: nightwear


fylcan

fylċan (canonical)
fylċan (infinitive)
fylċenne (infinitive)
fylċe (first-person present singular)
fylcte (first-person past singular)
fylċest (present second-person singular)
fylcst (present second-person singular)
fylctest (past second-person singular)
fylċeþ (present singular third-person)
fylcþ (present singular third-person)
fylcte (past singular third-person)
fylċaþ (plural present)
fylcton (past plural)
fylċe (present singular)
fylcte (past singular)
fylċen (plural present)
fylcten (past plural)
fylċ (imperative past present singular)
fylċaþ (imperative past plural present)
fylċende (imperative present)
fylċed (imperative past)
ġefylċed (imperative past)

From Proto-West Germanic *fulkijan, from Proto-Germanic *fulkijaną.


fylcian

fylċian (canonical)
fylċian (infinitive)
fylċienne (infinitive)
fylċiġe (first-person present singular)
fylċode (first-person past singular)
fylċast (present second-person singular)
fylċodest (past second-person singular)
fylċaþ (present singular third-person)
fylċode (past singular third-person)
fylċiaþ (plural present)
fylċodon (past plural)
fylċiġe (present singular)
fylċode (past singular)
fylċiġen (plural present)
fylċoden (past plural)
fylċa (imperative past present singular)
fylċiaþ (imperative past plural present)
fylċiende (imperative present)
fylċod (imperative past)
ġefylċod (imperative past)

desctree

>? Middle English: filchen (“to plunder”) (derivation likely, through an intermediary sense of "marshal troops" > "raid, ransack" > "plunder")
English: filch
Scots: filsh

Equivalent to (ġe)fylċe + -ian; either a new formation from these bases, a loan from Old Norse fylkja, or a modification of earlier fylċan, from Proto-West Germanic *fulkijan (compare Old High German fulken).

(rare, Late Old English) to arrange troops


dolgswæþ

dolgswæþ (nominative singular)
dolgswaþu (nominative plural)
dolgswæþ (accusative singular)
dolgswaþu (accusative plural)
dolgswæþes (genitive singular)
dolgswaþa (genitive plural)
dolgswæþe (dative singular)
dolgswaþum (dative plural)

[ˈdoɫɣˌswæθ]

Composed of dolg (“wound”) + swæþ (“trace”).


eowestre

ēowestre (canonical feminine masculine)
ēowestre (nominative singular)
ēowestras (nominative plural)
ēowestre (accusative singular)
ēowestras (accusative plural)
ēowestres (genitive singular)
ēowestra (genitive plural)
ēowestre (dative singular)
ēowestrum (dative plural)
ēowestre (nominative singular)
ēowestran (nominative plural)
ēowestran (accusative singular)
ēowestran (accusative plural)
ēowestran (genitive singular)
ēowestrena (genitive plural)
ēowestran (dative singular)
ēowestrum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *awistr, from Proto-Germanic *awistrą.


gefylca

ġefylċa (canonical masculine)
ġefylċa (nominative singular)
ġefylċan (nominative plural)
ġefylċan (accusative singular)
ġefylċan (accusative plural)
ġefylċan (genitive singular)
ġefylċena (genitive plural)
ġefylċan (dative singular)
ġefylċum (dative plural)


trendan

trendan (infinitive)
trendenne (infinitive)
trende (first-person present singular)
trende (first-person past singular)
trendest (present second-person singular)
trenst (present second-person singular)
trentst (present second-person singular)
trendest (past second-person singular)
trendeþ (present singular third-person)
trent (present singular third-person)
trende (past singular third-person)
trendaþ (plural present)
trendon (past plural)
trende (present singular)
trende (past singular)
trenden (plural present)
trenden (past plural)
trend (imperative past present singular)
trendaþ (imperative past plural present)
trendende (imperative present)
trended (imperative past)
ġetrended (imperative past)

Middle English: trenden

English: trend

⇒ Middle English: bitrenden

⇒ Middle English: untrenden

From Proto-West Germanic *trandijan, of unclear origin. Perhaps derived from ghost verb Proto-West Germanic *trindan; or related to Proto-West Germanic *trannijan (“to split, divide”) and *trinnan (“to separate”).

cog

to move by turning or turning around, roll


ladþeow

lādþēow (canonical masculine)
lādþēow (nominative singular)
lādþēowas (nominative plural)
lādþēow (accusative singular)
lādþēowas (accusative plural)
lādþēowes (genitive singular)
lādþēowa (genitive plural)
lādþēowe (dative singular)
lādþēowum (dative plural)

/ˈlɑːdˌθe͜oːw/


latteow

lāttēow (canonical masculine)
lāttēow (nominative singular)
lāttēowas (nominative plural)
lāttēow (accusative singular)
lāttēowas (accusative plural)
lāttēowes (genitive singular)
lāttēowa (genitive plural)
lāttēowe (dative singular)
lāttēowum (dative plural)


deafu

dēafu (canonical feminine)
dēafu (nominative singular)
dēafa (nominative plural)
dēafe (nominative plural)
dēafe (accusative singular)
dēafa (accusative plural)
dēafe (accusative plural)
dēafe (genitive singular)
dēafa (genitive plural)
dēafe (dative singular)
dēafum (dative plural)

From dēaf + -u. Compare Gothic 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹 (daubei, “callousness, hardness (of heart)”).


liferadl

liferādl (canonical feminine)
liferādl (nominative singular)
liferādla (nominative plural)
liferādle (nominative plural)
liferādle (accusative singular)
liferādla (accusative plural)
liferādle (accusative plural)
liferādle (genitive singular)
liferādla (genitive plural)
liferādle (dative singular)
liferādlum (dative plural)


gegnian

ġeġnian (canonical)
ġeġnian (infinitive)
ġeġnienne (infinitive)
ġeġniġe (first-person present singular)
ġeġnode (first-person past singular)
ġeġnast (present second-person singular)
ġeġnodest (past second-person singular)
ġeġnaþ (present singular third-person)
ġeġnode (past singular third-person)
ġeġniaþ (plural present)
ġeġnodon (past plural)
ġeġniġe (present singular)
ġeġnode (past singular)
ġeġniġen (plural present)
ġeġnoden (past plural)
ġeġna (imperative past present singular)
ġeġniaþ (imperative past plural present)
ġeġniende (imperative present)
ġeġnod (imperative past)
ġeġeġnod (imperative past)

Middle English: ȝeynen, ȝaynen

From Proto-West Germanic *gaginōn (“to encounter, meet”).


trundulnes

trundulnes (nominative singular)
trundulnessa (nominative plural)
trundulnesse (nominative plural)
trundulnesse (accusative singular)
trundulnessa (accusative plural)
trundulnesse (accusative plural)
trundulnesse (genitive singular)
trundulnessa (genitive plural)
trundulnesse (dative singular)
trundulnessum (dative plural)


trinda

trinda (nominative singular)
trindan (nominative plural)
trindan (accusative singular)
trindan (accusative plural)
trindan (genitive singular)
trindena (genitive plural)
trindan (dative singular)
trindum (dative plural)

⇒ Middle English: *umbetrind, ummbetrin

From *trind (“round”) + -a; first element from Proto-West Germanic *trind (“round”).


trinde

trinde (nominative singular)
trindan (nominative plural)
trindan (accusative singular)
trindan (accusative plural)
trindan (genitive singular)
trindena (genitive plural)
trindan (dative singular)
trindum (dative plural)

⇒ Middle English: *umbetrind, ummbetrin

From *trind (“round”) + -e; first element from Proto-West Germanic *trind (“round”).


clænheort

clǣnheort (canonical)
clǣnheort (masculine nominative singular)
clǣnheort (feminine nominative singular)
clǣnheort (neuter nominative singular)
clǣnheortne (accusative masculine singular)
clǣnheorte (accusative feminine singular)
clǣnheort (accusative neuter singular)
clǣnheortes (genitive masculine singular)
clǣnheortre (feminine genitive singular)
clǣnheortes (genitive neuter singular)
clǣnheortum (dative masculine singular)
clǣnheortre (dative feminine singular)
clǣnheortum (dative neuter singular)
clǣnheorte (instrumental masculine singular)
clǣnheortre (feminine instrumental singular)
clǣnheorte (instrumental neuter singular)
clǣnheorte (masculine nominative plural)
clǣnheorta (feminine nominative plural)
clǣnheorte (feminine nominative plural)
clǣnheort (neuter nominative plural)
clǣnheorte (accusative masculine plural)
clǣnheorta (accusative feminine plural)
clǣnheorte (accusative feminine plural)
clǣnheort (accusative neuter plural)
clǣnheortra (genitive masculine plural)
clǣnheortra (feminine genitive plural)
clǣnheortra (genitive neuter plural)
clǣnheortum (dative masculine plural)
clǣnheortum (dative feminine plural)
clǣnheortum (dative neuter plural)
clǣnheortum (instrumental masculine plural)
clǣnheortum (feminine instrumental plural)
clǣnheortum (instrumental neuter plural)
clǣnheorta (masculine nominative singular)
clǣnheorte (feminine nominative singular)
clǣnheorte (neuter nominative singular)
clǣnheortan (accusative masculine singular)
clǣnheortan (accusative feminine singular)
clǣnheorte (accusative neuter singular)
clǣnheortan (genitive masculine singular)
clǣnheortan (feminine genitive singular)
clǣnheortan (genitive neuter singular)
clǣnheortan (dative masculine singular)
clǣnheortan (dative feminine singular)
clǣnheortan (dative neuter singular)
clǣnheortan (instrumental masculine singular)
clǣnheortan (feminine instrumental singular)
clǣnheortan (instrumental neuter singular)
clǣnheortan (masculine nominative plural)
clǣnheortan (feminine nominative plural)
clǣnheortan (neuter nominative plural)
clǣnheortan (accusative masculine plural)
clǣnheortan (accusative feminine plural)
clǣnheortan (accusative neuter plural)
clǣnheortra (genitive masculine plural)
clǣnheortena (genitive masculine plural)
clǣnheortra (feminine genitive plural)
clǣnheortena (feminine genitive plural)
clǣnheortra (genitive neuter plural)
clǣnheortena (genitive neuter plural)
clǣnheortum (dative masculine plural)
clǣnheortum (dative feminine plural)
clǣnheortum (dative neuter plural)
clǣnheortum (instrumental masculine plural)
clǣnheortum (feminine instrumental plural)
clǣnheortum (instrumental neuter plural)


geanol

ġēanol (canonical)
ġēanol (masculine nominative singular)
ġēanolu (feminine nominative singular)
ġēanlu (feminine nominative singular)
ġēanolo (feminine nominative singular)
ġēanlo (feminine nominative singular)
ġēanol (neuter nominative singular)
ġēanolne (accusative masculine singular)
ġēanole (accusative feminine singular)
ġēanle (accusative feminine singular)
ġēanol (accusative neuter singular)
ġēanoles (genitive masculine singular)
ġēanles (genitive masculine singular)
ġēanolre (feminine genitive singular)
ġēanoles (genitive neuter singular)
ġēanles (genitive neuter singular)
ġēanolum (dative masculine singular)
ġēanlum (dative masculine singular)
ġēanolre (dative feminine singular)
ġēanolum (dative neuter singular)
ġēanlum (dative neuter singular)
ġēanole (instrumental masculine singular)
ġēanle (instrumental masculine singular)
ġēanolre (feminine instrumental singular)
ġēanole (instrumental neuter singular)
ġēanle (instrumental neuter singular)
ġēanole (masculine nominative plural)
ġēanle (masculine nominative plural)
ġēanola (feminine nominative plural)
ġēanla (feminine nominative plural)
ġēanole (feminine nominative plural)
ġēanle (feminine nominative plural)
ġēanolu (neuter nominative plural)
ġēanlu (neuter nominative plural)
ġēanolo (neuter nominative plural)
ġēanlo (neuter nominative plural)
ġēanole (accusative masculine plural)
ġēanle (accusative masculine plural)
ġēanola (accusative feminine plural)
ġēanla (accusative feminine plural)
ġēanole (accusative feminine plural)
ġēanle (accusative feminine plural)
ġēanolu (accusative neuter plural)
ġēanlu (accusative neuter plural)
ġēanolo (accusative neuter plural)
ġēanlo (accusative neuter plural)
ġēanolra (genitive masculine plural)
ġēanolra (feminine genitive plural)
ġēanolra (genitive neuter plural)
ġēanolum (dative masculine plural)
ġēanlum (dative masculine plural)
ġēanolum (dative feminine plural)
ġēanlum (dative feminine plural)
ġēanolum (dative neuter plural)
ġēanlum (dative neuter plural)
ġēanolum (instrumental masculine plural)
ġēanlum (instrumental masculine plural)
ġēanolum (feminine instrumental plural)
ġēanlum (feminine instrumental plural)
ġēanolum (instrumental neuter plural)
ġēanlum (instrumental neuter plural)
ġēanola (masculine nominative singular)
ġēanla (masculine nominative singular)
ġēanole (feminine nominative singular)
ġēanle (feminine nominative singular)
ġēanole (neuter nominative singular)
ġēanle (neuter nominative singular)
ġēanolan (accusative masculine singular)
ġēanlan (accusative masculine singular)
ġēanolan (accusative feminine singular)
ġēanlan (accusative feminine singular)
ġēanole (accusative neuter singular)
ġēanle (accusative neuter singular)
ġēanolan (genitive masculine singular)
ġēanlan (genitive masculine singular)
ġēanolan (feminine genitive singular)
ġēanlan (feminine genitive singular)
ġēanolan (genitive neuter singular)
ġēanlan (genitive neuter singular)
ġēanolan (dative masculine singular)
ġēanlan (dative masculine singular)
ġēanolan (dative feminine singular)
ġēanlan (dative feminine singular)
ġēanolan (dative neuter singular)
ġēanlan (dative neuter singular)
ġēanolan (instrumental masculine singular)
ġēanlan (instrumental masculine singular)
ġēanolan (feminine instrumental singular)
ġēanlan (feminine instrumental singular)
ġēanolan (instrumental neuter singular)
ġēanlan (instrumental neuter singular)
ġēanolan (masculine nominative plural)
ġēanlan (masculine nominative plural)
ġēanolan (feminine nominative plural)
ġēanlan (feminine nominative plural)
ġēanolan (neuter nominative plural)
ġēanlan (neuter nominative plural)
ġēanolan (accusative masculine plural)
ġēanlan (accusative masculine plural)
ġēanolan (accusative feminine plural)
ġēanlan (accusative feminine plural)
ġēanolan (accusative neuter plural)
ġēanlan (accusative neuter plural)
ġēanolra (genitive masculine plural)
ġēanolena (genitive masculine plural)
ġēanlena (genitive masculine plural)
ġēanolra (feminine genitive plural)
ġēanolena (feminine genitive plural)
ġēanlena (feminine genitive plural)
ġēanolra (genitive neuter plural)
ġēanolena (genitive neuter plural)
ġēanlena (genitive neuter plural)
ġēanolum (dative masculine plural)
ġēanlum (dative masculine plural)
ġēanolum (dative feminine plural)
ġēanlum (dative feminine plural)
ġēanolum (dative neuter plural)
ġēanlum (dative neuter plural)
ġēanolum (instrumental masculine plural)
ġēanlum (instrumental masculine plural)
ġēanolum (feminine instrumental plural)
ġēanlum (feminine instrumental plural)
ġēanolum (instrumental neuter plural)
ġēanlum (instrumental neuter plural)


bebyrgan

bebyrġan (canonical)
bebyrġan (infinitive)
bebyrġenne (infinitive)
bebyrġe (first-person present singular)
bebyrġde (first-person past singular)
bebyrġest (present second-person singular)
bebyrġst (present second-person singular)
bebyrġdest (past second-person singular)
bebyrġeþ (present singular third-person)
bebyrġþ (present singular third-person)
bebyrġde (past singular third-person)
bebyrġaþ (plural present)
bebyrġdon (past plural)
bebyrġe (present singular)
bebyrġde (past singular)
bebyrġen (plural present)
bebyrġden (past plural)
bebyrġ (imperative past present singular)
bebyrġaþ (imperative past plural present)
bebyrġende (imperative present)
bebyrġed (imperative past)

Middle English: beburien


hwonne

desctree

Middle English: whanne
English: when
Scots: whan
Yola: fan, van, phen

From Proto-West Germanic *hwannā, extension of *hwan, from Proto-Germanic *hwan. Cognate with Old High German wanna.

c. 992, Ælfric, "On the Purification of St. Mary"
Ēlā, hwænne cymð sē Hǣlend?


bebyrgung

bebyrġung (canonical feminine)
bebyrġung (nominative singular)
bebyrġunga (nominative plural)
bebyrġunge (nominative plural)
bebyrġunge (accusative singular)
bebyrġunga (accusative plural)
bebyrġunge (accusative plural)
bebyrġunge (genitive singular)
bebyrġunga (genitive plural)
bebyrġunge (dative singular)
bebyrġungum (dative plural)


berindan

berindan (infinitive)
berindenne (infinitive)
berinde (first-person present singular)
berinde (first-person past singular)
berindest (present second-person singular)
berinst (present second-person singular)
berintst (present second-person singular)
berindest (past second-person singular)
berindeþ (present singular third-person)
berint (present singular third-person)
berinde (past singular third-person)
berindaþ (plural present)
berindon (past plural)
berinde (present singular)
berinde (past singular)
berinden (plural present)
berinden (past plural)
berind (imperative past present singular)
berindaþ (imperative past plural present)
berindende (imperative present)
berinded (imperative past)

From Proto-West Germanic *birindijan, equivalent to be- (“off, away”) + *rindan. Cognate with Old High German birinten.


bebyrging

bebyrġing (canonical feminine)
bebyrġing (nominative singular)
bebyrġinga (nominative plural)
bebyrġinge (nominative plural)
bebyrġinge (accusative singular)
bebyrġinga (accusative plural)
bebyrġinge (accusative plural)
bebyrġinge (genitive singular)
bebyrġinga (genitive plural)
bebyrġinge (dative singular)
bebyrġingum (dative plural)


witegian

wītegian (canonical)
wītegian (infinitive)
wītegienne (infinitive)
wītegiġe (first-person present singular)
wītegode (first-person past singular)
wītegast (present second-person singular)
wītegodest (past second-person singular)
wītegaþ (present singular third-person)
wītegode (past singular third-person)
wītegiaþ (plural present)
wītegodon (past plural)
wītegiġe (present singular)
wītegode (past singular)
wītegiġen (plural present)
wītegoden (past plural)
wītega (imperative past present singular)
wītegiaþ (imperative past plural present)
wītegiende (imperative present)
wītegod (imperative past)
ġewītegod (imperative past)


andetta

andetta (nominative singular)
andettan (nominative plural)
andettan (accusative singular)
andettan (accusative plural)
andettan (genitive singular)
andettena (genitive plural)
andettan (dative singular)
andettum (dative plural)

someone who admits or confesses: confessor


andetnes

andetnes (nominative singular)
andetnessa (nominative plural)
andetnesse (nominative plural)
andetnesse (accusative singular)
andetnessa (accusative plural)
andetnesse (accusative plural)
andetnesse (genitive singular)
andetnessa (genitive plural)
andetnesse (dative singular)
andetnessum (dative plural)

Composed of either andettan or its past participle andett + -nes.

(countable, uncountable) confession, admitting


onbryrdnes

onbryrdnes (nominative singular)
onbryrdnessa (nominative plural)
onbryrdnesse (nominative plural)
onbryrdnesse (accusative singular)
onbryrdnessa (accusative plural)
onbryrdnesse (accusative plural)
onbryrdnesse (genitive singular)
onbryrdnessa (genitive plural)
onbryrdnesse (dative singular)
onbryrdnessum (dative plural)

Composed of either onbryrdan or its past participle onbryrded + -nes.


onbryrdan

onbryrdan (infinitive)
onbryrdenne (infinitive)
onbryrde (first-person present singular)
onbryrde (first-person past singular)
onbryrdest (present second-person singular)
onbryrst (present second-person singular)
onbryrtst (present second-person singular)
onbryrdest (past second-person singular)
onbryrdeþ (present singular third-person)
onbryrt (present singular third-person)
onbryrde (past singular third-person)
onbryrdaþ (plural present)
onbryrdon (past plural)
onbryrde (present singular)
onbryrde (past singular)
onbryrden (plural present)
onbryrden (past plural)
onbryrd (imperative past present singular)
onbryrdaþ (imperative past plural present)
onbryrdende (imperative present)
onbryrded (imperative past)

Composed of on- + bryrdan, apparently with the literal meaning of “prick into.”

c. 992, Ælfric, "On the Holy Day of Pentecost"
We wurðiað þæs Halgan Gastes to-cyme mid lofsangum seofon dagas, forðan ðe he onbryrt ure mód mid seofonfealdre gife, þæt is, mid wisdome and andgyte, mid geðeahte and strencðe, mid ingehyde and arfæstnysse, and he us gefylð mid Godes ege.

We celebrate the advent of the Holy Ghost with hymns for seven days, because he stimulates our mind with a sevenfold gift, that is, with wisdom and understanding, with counsel and strength, with knowledge and piety, and he fills us with awe of God.


on þissum dagum

Middle English: in thise dayes

English: these days

c. 992, Ælfric, "The 17th Sunday After Pentecost"
Fēawum mannum ġelimpþ on þissum dagum þæt hē ġesundful libbe hundeahtatiġ ġēara.

It happens to few people these days that they live eighty years in good health.

c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English
Of þām naman quis cumaþ þrēo genitīvī æfter ealdre sprǣċe: cuius (masculīnum), cuia (feminīnum), cuium (neutrum). Ac wē ne ġīemaþ nā swīðe on þissum dagum þissa genitīvō, ac brūcaþ þæs ānes on ǣlcum cynne: cuius hominis ("hwelċes mannes" oþþe "þæs mannes"), cuius fēminae, cuius animālis.

The word quis has three genitives in archaic speech: cuius (masculine), cuia (feminine), cuium (neuter). But we don't bother with those genitives much these days; instead we use the first one for all genders: cuius hominis ("which person's" or "that person's"), cuius feminae, cuius animalis.


lætnes

lætnes (nominative singular)
lætnessa (nominative plural)
lætnesse (nominative plural)
lætnesse (accusative singular)
lætnessa (accusative plural)
lætnesse (accusative plural)
lætnesse (genitive singular)
lætnessa (genitive plural)
lætnesse (dative singular)
lætnessum (dative plural)


hrædnes

hrædnes (nominative singular)
hrædnessa (nominative plural)
hrædnesse (nominative plural)
hrædnesse (accusative singular)
hrædnessa (accusative plural)
hrædnesse (accusative plural)
hrædnesse (genitive singular)
hrædnessa (genitive plural)
hrædnesse (dative singular)
hrædnessum (dative plural)


efestan

efestan (infinitive)
efestenne (infinitive)
efeste (first-person present singular)
efeste (first-person past singular)
efestest (present second-person singular)
efest (present second-person singular)
efestest (past second-person singular)
efesteþ (present singular third-person)
efest (present singular third-person)
efeste (past singular third-person)
efestaþ (plural present)
efeston (past plural)
efeste (present singular)
efeste (past singular)
efesten (plural present)
efesten (past plural)
efest (imperative past present singular)
efestaþ (imperative past plural present)
efestende (imperative present)
efested (imperative past)
ġeefested (imperative past)

From earlier *obustijan, ultimately derived from efest.


swæman

swǣman (canonical)
swǣman (infinitive)
swǣmenne (infinitive)
swǣme (first-person present singular)
swǣmde (first-person past singular)
swǣmest (present second-person singular)
swǣmst (present second-person singular)
swǣmdest (past second-person singular)
swǣmeþ (present singular third-person)
swǣmþ (present singular third-person)
swǣmde (past singular third-person)
swǣmaþ (plural present)
swǣmdon (past plural)
swǣme (present singular)
swǣmde (past singular)
swǣmen (plural present)
swǣmden (past plural)
swǣm (imperative past present singular)
swǣmaþ (imperative past plural present)
swǣmende (imperative present)
swǣmed (imperative past)
ġeswǣmed (imperative past)

Middle English: swemen

English: sweem

⇒ English: sweemish

gl

possibly merged with Old Norse <i class="Latn mention" lang="non">sveimr</i>

⇒ Middle English: sweme, sweyme, swayme, sqweme (possibly merged with Old Norse sveimr)

English: sweam

⇒ English: sweamish

From Proto-West Germanic *swaimijan, from Proto-Germanic *swaimijaną. Cognate with Old Norse sveima (“to wander or roam about”).

cog

(intransitive) to confound, afflict, trouble, or grieve


aswæman

āswǣman (canonical)
āswǣman (infinitive)
āswǣmenne (infinitive)
āswǣme (first-person present singular)
āswǣmde (first-person past singular)
āswǣmest (present second-person singular)
āswǣmst (present second-person singular)
āswǣmdest (past second-person singular)
āswǣmeþ (present singular third-person)
āswǣmþ (present singular third-person)
āswǣmde (past singular third-person)
āswǣmaþ (plural present)
āswǣmdon (past plural)
āswǣme (present singular)
āswǣmde (past singular)
āswǣmen (plural present)
āswǣmden (past plural)
āswǣm (imperative past present singular)
āswǣmaþ (imperative past plural present)
āswǣmende (imperative present)
āswǣmed (imperative past)

From ā- + *swǣman (“to trouble, afflict, grieve”), from Proto-West Germanic *swaimijan, from Proto-Germanic *swaimijaną. Cognate with Old Norse sveima (“to wander or roam about”).

pre

(intransitive) to be confounded, afflicted, troubled, or grieved