cyme

cȳme (canonical)
cȳme (masculine nominative singular)
cȳmu (feminine nominative singular)
cȳmo (feminine nominative singular)
cȳme (neuter nominative singular)
cȳmne (accusative masculine singular)
cȳme (accusative feminine singular)
cȳme (accusative neuter singular)
cȳmes (genitive masculine singular)
cȳmre (feminine genitive singular)
cȳmes (genitive neuter singular)
cȳmum (dative masculine singular)
cȳmre (dative feminine singular)
cȳmum (dative neuter singular)
cȳme (instrumental masculine singular)
cȳmre (feminine instrumental singular)
cȳme (instrumental neuter singular)
cȳme (masculine nominative plural)
cȳma (feminine nominative plural)
cȳme (feminine nominative plural)
cȳmu (neuter nominative plural)
cȳmo (neuter nominative plural)
cȳme (accusative masculine plural)
cȳma (accusative feminine plural)
cȳme (accusative feminine plural)
cȳmu (accusative neuter plural)
cȳmo (accusative neuter plural)
cȳmra (genitive masculine plural)
cȳmra (feminine genitive plural)
cȳmra (genitive neuter plural)
cȳmum (dative masculine plural)
cȳmum (dative feminine plural)
cȳmum (dative neuter plural)
cȳmum (instrumental masculine plural)
cȳmum (feminine instrumental plural)
cȳmum (instrumental neuter plural)
cȳma (masculine nominative singular)
cȳme (feminine nominative singular)
cȳme (neuter nominative singular)
cȳman (accusative masculine singular)
cȳman (accusative feminine singular)
cȳme (accusative neuter singular)
cȳman (genitive masculine singular)
cȳman (feminine genitive singular)
cȳman (genitive neuter singular)
cȳman (dative masculine singular)
cȳman (dative feminine singular)
cȳman (dative neuter singular)
cȳman (instrumental masculine singular)
cȳman (feminine instrumental singular)
cȳman (instrumental neuter singular)
cȳman (masculine nominative plural)
cȳman (feminine nominative plural)
cȳman (neuter nominative plural)
cȳman (accusative masculine plural)
cȳman (accusative feminine plural)
cȳman (accusative neuter plural)
cȳmra (genitive masculine plural)
cȳmena (genitive masculine plural)
cȳmra (feminine genitive plural)
cȳmena (feminine genitive plural)
cȳmra (genitive neuter plural)
cȳmena (genitive neuter plural)
cȳmum (dative masculine plural)
cȳmum (dative feminine plural)
cȳmum (dative neuter plural)
cȳmum (instrumental masculine plural)
cȳmum (feminine instrumental plural)
cȳmum (instrumental neuter plural)

From Proto-Germanic *kūmiz (“delicate, feeble”). Akin to Old High German kūmo (“tender, dainty, weak”) (German kaum (“hardly”)), (Dutch kuim (“weak; hardly”)) .


feccan

feċċan (canonical)
feċċan (infinitive)
feċċenne (infinitive)
feċċe (first-person present singular)
feahte (first-person past singular)
feċest (present second-person singular)
feahtest (past second-person singular)
feċeþ (present singular third-person)
feahte (past singular third-person)
feċċaþ (plural present)
feahton (past plural)
feċċe (present singular)
feahte (past singular)
feċċen (plural present)
feahten (past plural)
feċe (imperative past present singular)
feċċaþ (imperative past plural present)
feċċende (imperative present)
feaht (imperative past)
ġefeaht (imperative past)

desctree

Middle English: fecchen, facchen, focchen, vecchen, vacchen
English: fetch
Yola: vetch

Apparently an alteration of fetian, fatian (“to fetch, induce, marry”), from Proto-Germanic *fatōną, *fatjaną (“to fetch”), from Proto-Indo-European *ped- (“foot”). Cognate with Old Frisian fatia (“to fetch”), Old High German fazzōn (“to touch, grasp”) (German fassen), Old Norse fata, feta (“to go, step”) (Icelandic feta). More at foot.


grut

grūt (canonical feminine)
grūt (nominative singular)
grūt (accusative singular)
grūt (genitive singular)
grȳt (dative singular)
grūt (dative singular)

Middle English: growte, grout

English: grout

Probably from a Proto-Germanic *grūtą, *grutą, probably related to *greutą (“grit”). Compare Old Norse grautr; from which Icelandic grautur (“porridge”), Swedish gröt.


recen

reċen (canonical)
reċen (masculine nominative singular)
reċen (feminine nominative singular)
reċen (neuter nominative singular)
reċenne (accusative masculine singular)
reċene (accusative feminine singular)
reċen (accusative neuter singular)
reċenes (genitive masculine singular)
reċenre (feminine genitive singular)
reċenes (genitive neuter singular)
reċenum (dative masculine singular)
reċenre (dative feminine singular)
reċenum (dative neuter singular)
reċene (instrumental masculine singular)
reċenre (feminine instrumental singular)
reċene (instrumental neuter singular)
reċene (masculine nominative plural)
reċena (feminine nominative plural)
reċene (feminine nominative plural)
reċen (neuter nominative plural)
reċene (accusative masculine plural)
reċena (accusative feminine plural)
reċene (accusative feminine plural)
reċen (accusative neuter plural)
reċenra (genitive masculine plural)
reċenra (feminine genitive plural)
reċenra (genitive neuter plural)
reċenum (dative masculine plural)
reċenum (dative feminine plural)
reċenum (dative neuter plural)
reċenum (instrumental masculine plural)
reċenum (feminine instrumental plural)
reċenum (instrumental neuter plural)
reċena (masculine nominative singular)
reċene (feminine nominative singular)
reċene (neuter nominative singular)
reċenan (accusative masculine singular)
reċenan (accusative feminine singular)
reċene (accusative neuter singular)
reċenan (genitive masculine singular)
reċenan (feminine genitive singular)
reċenan (genitive neuter singular)
reċenan (dative masculine singular)
reċenan (dative feminine singular)
reċenan (dative neuter singular)
reċenan (instrumental masculine singular)
reċenan (feminine instrumental singular)
reċenan (instrumental neuter singular)
reċenan (masculine nominative plural)
reċenan (feminine nominative plural)
reċenan (neuter nominative plural)
reċenan (accusative masculine plural)
reċenan (accusative feminine plural)
reċenan (accusative neuter plural)
reċenra (genitive masculine plural)
reċenena (genitive masculine plural)
reċenra (feminine genitive plural)
reċenena (feminine genitive plural)
reċenra (genitive neuter plural)
reċenena (genitive neuter plural)
reċenum (dative masculine plural)
reċenum (dative feminine plural)
reċenum (dative neuter plural)
reċenum (instrumental masculine plural)
reċenum (feminine instrumental plural)
reċenum (instrumental neuter plural)

Middle English: reken

From Proto-Germanic *rekanaz (“correct, proper, in order, ready”), from Proto-Indo-European *reǵ- (“straight, right”).


merece

mereċe (canonical masculine)
mereċe (nominative singular)
mereċas (nominative plural)
mereċe (accusative singular)
mereċas (accusative plural)
mereċes (genitive singular)
mereċa (genitive plural)
mereċe (dative singular)
mereċum (dative plural)

Middle English: marche

English: march

→ Old Norse: merki

Danish: mærke

Norwegian: merke

Swedish: märke


saca

nominative/accusative/genitive plural of sacu


atan

inflection of āte:
accusative/genitive/dative singular

inflection of āte:
nominative/accusative plural


anad

From Proto-West Germanic *ainōdī. Cognate to Old Saxon ēnōdi and German Einöde.


sumur

sumur (nominative singular)
sumuras (nominative plural)
sumur (accusative singular)
sumuras (accusative plural)
sumures (genitive singular)
sumura (genitive plural)
sumure (dative singular)
sumurum (dative plural)


hieran

hīeran (canonical)
hīeran (infinitive)
hīerenne (infinitive)
hīere (first-person present singular)
hīerde (first-person past singular)
hīerest (present second-person singular)
hīerst (present second-person singular)
hīerdest (past second-person singular)
hīereþ (present singular third-person)
hīerþ (present singular third-person)
hīerde (past singular third-person)
hīeraþ (plural present)
hīerdon (past plural)
hīere (present singular)
hīerde (past singular)
hīeren (plural present)
hīerden (past plural)
hīer (imperative past present singular)
hīeraþ (imperative past plural present)
hīerende (imperative present)
hīered (imperative past)
ġehīered (imperative past)

desctree

Middle English: heren
English: hear
Scots: her, hear
Yola: hert (preterite)

From Proto-West Germanic *hauʀijan, from Proto-Germanic *hauzijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ḱh₂owsyéti.
Germanic cognates include Old Frisian hēra, Old Saxon hōrian, Old High German hōren, Old Norse heyra, and Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽 (hausjan). Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek ἀκούω (akoúō) and Albanian qyr (“to look, observe”).

(with dative) to listen with compliance or assent

c. 890, The Voyage of Ohthere and Wulfstan
Þās land eall hīeraþ tō Denemearce.


rindan

rindan (infinitive)
rindenne (infinitive)
rinde (first-person present singular)
rinde (first-person past singular)
rindest (present second-person singular)
rinst (present second-person singular)
rintst (present second-person singular)
rindest (past second-person singular)
rindeþ (present singular third-person)
rint (present singular third-person)
rinde (past singular third-person)
rindaþ (plural present)
rindon (past plural)
rinde (present singular)
rinde (past singular)
rinden (plural present)
rinden (past plural)
rind (imperative past present singular)
rindaþ (imperative past plural present)
rindende (imperative present)
rinded (imperative past)
ġerinded (imperative past)

Middle English: rinden

English: rind

(of a tree) to bark (remove the bark from)


blindan

weak masculine/feminine accusative singular

inflection of blind:
weak genitive/dative singular

inflection of blind:
weak nominative/accusative plural


blindes

strong masculine/neuter genitive singular of blind


ᚷᚫᚷᚩᚷᚫ

head

ᚷᚫᚷᚩᚷᚫ (ġæġóġæ) f

Unknown; perhaps onomatopoeic and cognate with Proto-Norse ᚷᚨᚷᚨᚷᚨ (gagaga) of the Kragehul I inscription.

The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:

5th century, Undley bracteate
ᚷᚫᚷᚩᚷᚫ᛫ᛗᚫᚷᚫ᛫ᛗᛖᛞᚢ
gægogæ mægæ medu
(some possible translations) #*:: this she-wolf is a reward to a kinsman #*:: abracadabra: to a kinsman this reward


hieg

hīeġ (canonical neuter)
hīeġ (nominative singular)
hīeġ (accusative singular)
hīeġes (genitive singular)
hīeġe (dative singular)

desctree

Middle English: hey, heyȝ, heygh, hay, ay, heyn, hayn, hei, heiȝ, heigh, hai, hain
English: hay
Scots: hey
Yola: hye, hey


brega

Alternative form of brego (“prince, ruler”)


hinca

second-person singular imperative of hincian


giman

ġīman (canonical)
ġīman (infinitive)
ġīmenne (infinitive)
ġīme (first-person present singular)
ġīmde (first-person past singular)
ġīmest (present second-person singular)
ġīmst (present second-person singular)
ġīmdest (past second-person singular)
ġīmeþ (present singular third-person)
ġīmþ (present singular third-person)
ġīmde (past singular third-person)
ġīmaþ (plural present)
ġīmdon (past plural)
ġīme (present singular)
ġīmde (past singular)
ġīmen (plural present)
ġīmden (past plural)
ġīm (imperative past present singular)
ġīmaþ (imperative past plural present)
ġīmende (imperative present)
ġīmed (imperative past)
ġeġīmed (imperative past)


hierra

hīerra (canonical)
hēah (positive)
hīerra (masculine nominative singular)
hīerre (feminine nominative singular)
hīerre (neuter nominative singular)
hīerran (accusative masculine singular)
hīerran (accusative feminine singular)
hīerre (accusative neuter singular)
hīerran (genitive masculine singular)
hīerran (feminine genitive singular)
hīerran (genitive neuter singular)
hīerran (dative masculine singular)
hīerran (dative feminine singular)
hīerran (dative neuter singular)
hīerran (instrumental masculine singular)
hīerran (feminine instrumental singular)
hīerran (instrumental neuter singular)
hīerran (masculine nominative plural)
hīerran (feminine nominative plural)
hīerran (neuter nominative plural)
hīerran (accusative masculine plural)
hīerran (accusative feminine plural)
hīerran (accusative neuter plural)
hīerra (genitive masculine plural)
hīerrena (genitive masculine plural)
hīerra (feminine genitive plural)
hīerrena (feminine genitive plural)
hīerra (genitive neuter plural)
hīerrena (genitive neuter plural)
hīerrum (dative masculine plural)
hīerrum (dative feminine plural)
hīerrum (dative neuter plural)
hīerrum (instrumental masculine plural)
hīerrum (feminine instrumental plural)
hīerrum (instrumental neuter plural)

desc

Middle English: hyer, herre, heyer, hegher, heyȝere, hiȝer, hiȝere, heer, hegere, heyere, heyȝer, hyere

English: higher


celan

cēlan (canonical)
cēlan (infinitive)
cēlenne (infinitive)
cēle (first-person present singular)
cēlde (first-person past singular)
cēlest (present second-person singular)
cēlst (present second-person singular)
cēldest (past second-person singular)
cēleþ (present singular third-person)
cēlþ (present singular third-person)
cēlde (past singular third-person)
cēlaþ (plural present)
cēldon (past plural)
cēle (present singular)
cēlde (past singular)
cēlen (plural present)
cēlden (past plural)
cēl (imperative past present singular)
cēlaþ (imperative past plural present)
cēlende (imperative present)
cēled (imperative past)
ġecēled (imperative past)

Middle English: kelen

English: keel

Scots: kele, keyle

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *kōlijan.


gelent

third-person singular present indicative of ġelendan


geo

siþþan ġeāra iū · goldwine mīn(n)e
hrusan heolstre biwrāh, · ond iċ hēan þonan
wōd winterċeariġ · ofer waþema ġebind,

since once, long ago, covered my goldfriend(s)
with darkness of earth, and poor I thereupon
traveled sad as winter over binding of waves,


blandan

blandan (infinitive)
blandenne (infinitive)
blande (first-person present singular)
blēnd (first-person past singular)
blenst (present second-person singular)
blentst (present second-person singular)
blēnde (past second-person singular)
blent (present singular third-person)
blēnd (past singular third-person)
blandaþ (plural present)
blēndon (past plural)
blande (present singular)
blēnde (past singular)
blanden (plural present)
blēnden (past plural)
bland (imperative past present singular)
blandaþ (imperative past plural present)
blandende (imperative present)
blanden (imperative past)
ġeblanden (imperative past)

English: blend

From Proto-Germanic *blandaną (“to mix, confound, blind”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰlendʰ- (“to become turbid, see badly, be blind”). Cognate with Old Frisian blenda (“to mix”), Old Saxon blandan (“to mix, cloud”), Old High German blantan (“to mix, becloud”), Old Norse blanda (“to mix”).


gestent

third-person singular present indicative of ġestandan


beren

beren (masculine nominative singular)
beren (feminine nominative singular)
beren (neuter nominative singular)
berenne (accusative masculine singular)
berene (accusative feminine singular)
beren (accusative neuter singular)
berenes (genitive masculine singular)
berenre (feminine genitive singular)
berenes (genitive neuter singular)
berenum (dative masculine singular)
berenre (dative feminine singular)
berenum (dative neuter singular)
berene (instrumental masculine singular)
berenre (feminine instrumental singular)
berene (instrumental neuter singular)
berene (masculine nominative plural)
berena (feminine nominative plural)
berene (feminine nominative plural)
beren (neuter nominative plural)
berene (accusative masculine plural)
berena (accusative feminine plural)
berene (accusative feminine plural)
beren (accusative neuter plural)
berenra (genitive masculine plural)
berenra (feminine genitive plural)
berenra (genitive neuter plural)
berenum (dative masculine plural)
berenum (dative feminine plural)
berenum (dative neuter plural)
berenum (instrumental masculine plural)
berenum (feminine instrumental plural)
berenum (instrumental neuter plural)
berena (masculine nominative singular)
berene (feminine nominative singular)
berene (neuter nominative singular)
berenan (accusative masculine singular)
berenan (accusative feminine singular)
berene (accusative neuter singular)
berenan (genitive masculine singular)
berenan (feminine genitive singular)
berenan (genitive neuter singular)
berenan (dative masculine singular)
berenan (dative feminine singular)
berenan (dative neuter singular)
berenan (instrumental masculine singular)
berenan (feminine instrumental singular)
berenan (instrumental neuter singular)
berenan (masculine nominative plural)
berenan (feminine nominative plural)
berenan (neuter nominative plural)
berenan (accusative masculine plural)
berenan (accusative feminine plural)
berenan (accusative neuter plural)
berenra (genitive masculine plural)
berenena (genitive masculine plural)
berenra (feminine genitive plural)
berenena (feminine genitive plural)
berenra (genitive neuter plural)
berenena (genitive neuter plural)
berenum (dative masculine plural)
berenum (dative feminine plural)
berenum (dative neuter plural)
berenum (instrumental masculine plural)
berenum (feminine instrumental plural)
berenum (instrumental neuter plural)

From Proto-Germanic *barīnaz. Equivalent to bere + -en.

beren hlāf


cyste

first-person singular prepositional indicative of cystan


fætt

ang-adj

fǣtt (comparative fǣttra, superlative fǣttest)

fǣtt (canonical)
fǣttra (comparative)
fǣttest (superlative)
fǣtt (masculine nominative singular)
fǣtt (feminine nominative singular)
fǣtt (neuter nominative singular)
fǣtne (accusative masculine singular)
fǣtte (accusative feminine singular)
fǣtt (accusative neuter singular)
fǣttes (genitive masculine singular)
fǣtre (feminine genitive singular)
fǣttes (genitive neuter singular)
fǣttum (dative masculine singular)
fǣtre (dative feminine singular)
fǣttum (dative neuter singular)
fǣtte (instrumental masculine singular)
fǣtre (feminine instrumental singular)
fǣtte (instrumental neuter singular)
fǣtte (masculine nominative plural)
fǣtta (feminine nominative plural)
fǣtte (feminine nominative plural)
fǣtt (neuter nominative plural)
fǣtte (accusative masculine plural)
fǣtta (accusative feminine plural)
fǣtte (accusative feminine plural)
fǣtt (accusative neuter plural)
fǣtra (genitive masculine plural)
fǣtra (feminine genitive plural)
fǣtra (genitive neuter plural)
fǣttum (dative masculine plural)
fǣttum (dative feminine plural)
fǣttum (dative neuter plural)
fǣttum (instrumental masculine plural)
fǣttum (feminine instrumental plural)
fǣttum (instrumental neuter plural)
fǣtta (masculine nominative singular)
fǣtte (feminine nominative singular)
fǣtte (neuter nominative singular)
fǣttan (accusative masculine singular)
fǣttan (accusative feminine singular)
fǣtte (accusative neuter singular)
fǣttan (genitive masculine singular)
fǣttan (feminine genitive singular)
fǣttan (genitive neuter singular)
fǣttan (dative masculine singular)
fǣttan (dative feminine singular)
fǣttan (dative neuter singular)
fǣttan (instrumental masculine singular)
fǣttan (feminine instrumental singular)
fǣttan (instrumental neuter singular)
fǣttan (masculine nominative plural)
fǣttan (feminine nominative plural)
fǣttan (neuter nominative plural)
fǣttan (accusative masculine plural)
fǣttan (accusative feminine plural)
fǣttan (accusative neuter plural)
fǣtra (genitive masculine plural)
fǣttena (genitive masculine plural)
fǣtra (feminine genitive plural)
fǣttena (feminine genitive plural)
fǣtra (genitive neuter plural)
fǣttena (genitive neuter plural)
fǣttum (dative masculine plural)
fǣttum (dative feminine plural)
fǣttum (dative neuter plural)
fǣttum (instrumental masculine plural)
fǣttum (feminine instrumental plural)
fǣttum (instrumental neuter plural)

desc

Middle English: fat, faat, fet, feet, vat, vet

English: fat
Sranan Tongo: fatu

Scots: fat


hrot

hrot (nominative singular)
hrotu (nominative plural)
hrot (accusative singular)
hrotu (accusative plural)
hrotes (genitive singular)
hrota (genitive plural)
hrote (dative singular)
hrotum (dative plural)

Middle English: rot (partially)


scora

nominative/accusative/genitive plural of scoru


Babilon

Babylon (the ancient capital of the kingdom of Babylonia, in modern Iraq)


ciegan

ċīeġan (canonical)
ċīeġan (infinitive)
ċīeġenne (infinitive)
ċīeġe (first-person present singular)
ċīeġde (first-person past singular)
ċīeġest (present second-person singular)
ċīeġst (present second-person singular)
ċīeġdest (past second-person singular)
ċīeġeþ (present singular third-person)
ċīeġþ (present singular third-person)
ċīeġde (past singular third-person)
ċīeġaþ (plural present)
ċīeġdon (past plural)
ċīeġe (present singular)
ċīeġde (past singular)
ċīeġen (plural present)
ċīeġden (past plural)
ċīeġ (imperative past present singular)
ċīeġaþ (imperative past plural present)
ċīeġende (imperative present)
ċīeġed (imperative past)
ġeċīeġed (imperative past)

From Proto-West Germanic *kauwjan, from Proto-Germanic *kawjaną (“to call, name”), from Proto-Indo-European *gewH- (“to call, cry out”).

der

to call upon, invoke, summon, call together


ċ

palatalization
w:Old English palatalization

A modified version of c sometimes used in modern texts, representing a /k/ that underwent palatalization.


hendan

hendan (infinitive)
hendenne (infinitive)
hende (first-person present singular)
hende (first-person past singular)
hendest (present second-person singular)
henst (present second-person singular)
hentst (present second-person singular)
hendest (past second-person singular)
hendeþ (present singular third-person)
hent (present singular third-person)
hende (past singular third-person)
hendaþ (plural present)
hendon (past plural)
hende (present singular)
hende (past singular)
henden (plural present)
henden (past plural)
hend (imperative past present singular)
hendaþ (imperative past plural present)
hendende (imperative present)
hended (imperative past)
ġehended (imperative past)

Middle English: henden

English: hend

⇒ Middle English: handen, honden (influenced in form by hand, hond)

English: hand

From Proto-West Germanic *handijan, from Proto-Germanic *handijaną, equivalent to hand + -an.


pinca

pincan (nominative plural)
pinca (nominative singular)
pincan (nominative plural)
pincan (accusative singular)
pincan (accusative plural)
pincan (genitive singular)
pincena (genitive plural)
pincan (dative singular)
pincum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *pinkō, from Proto-Germanic *pinkô, a nasalised variant of Proto-Germanic *pīkô, *pīkaz (“peak, summit, point”). Cognate with dialectal Norwegian pink (“summit, peak”), Dutch pink (“little finger, pinkie”), German Low German Pink (“penis”).
Alternatively, from a suffixed variant of Proto-Germanic *pinnaz (“pin”).


beogang

bēogang (canonical masculine)
bēogang (nominative singular)
bēogangas (nominative plural)
bēogang (accusative singular)
bēogangas (accusative plural)
bēoganges (genitive singular)
bēoganga (genitive plural)
bēogange (dative singular)
bēogangum (dative plural)

/ˈbe͜oːˌɡɑnɡ/

[ˈbe͜oːˌɡɑŋɡ]


æghwylcum

[ˈæːjˌʍyɫ.t͡ʃum]

inflection of æghwylc:
strong dative masculine/neuter singular


gerisene

ġerisene (canonical neuter)
ġerisene (nominative singular)
ġerisene (nominative plural)
ġerisene (accusative singular)
ġerisene (accusative plural)
ġerisenes (genitive singular)
ġerisena (genitive plural)
ġerisene (dative singular)
ġerisenum (dative plural)

what is fitting; the proper or appropriate thing


tawian

tawian (infinitive)
tawienne (infinitive)
tawiġe (first-person present singular)
tawode (first-person past singular)
tawast (present second-person singular)
tawodest (past second-person singular)
tawaþ (present singular third-person)
tawode (past singular third-person)
tawiaþ (plural present)
tawodon (past plural)
tawiġe (present singular)
tawode (past singular)
tawiġen (plural present)
tawoden (past plural)
tawa (imperative past present singular)
tawiaþ (imperative past plural present)
tawiende (imperative present)
tawod (imperative past)
ġetawod (imperative past)

Middle English: tawen, tauwen

English: taw

Scots: taw

From Proto-West Germanic *tauwjan.
Cognate with Middle Dutch touwen (Dutch touwen), Old High German zawjan, Gothic 𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰𐌽 (taujan), Old Norse tæja, tœja.


befon

befōn (canonical)
befōn (infinitive)
befōnne (infinitive)
befō (first-person present singular)
befēng (first-person past singular)
befēhst (present second-person singular)
befēnge (past second-person singular)
befēhþ (present singular third-person)
befēng (past singular third-person)
befōþ (plural present)
befēngon (past plural)
befō (present singular)
befēnge (past singular)
befōn (plural present)
befēngen (past plural)
befōh (imperative past present singular)
befōþ (imperative past plural present)
befōnde (imperative present)
befangen (imperative past)

Middle English: bifon, befon, *befangen

English: befang

From be- + fōn. Cognate with Old Saxon bifāhan, Old High German bifāhan, Old Frisian bifā. See fang.

to comprehend, grasp; begrip, take hold of, catch

late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
Asia is befangen mid...þǣm gārseċġe sūþan ⁊ norþan ⁊ eastan...

Asia is surrounded by...the southern and northern and eastern sea...

to surround, encompass; beset, encircle, enwrap, clothe, receive, conceive, inhold


and-

From Proto-West Germanic *anda-, from Proto-Germanic *andi-, representive of a combining form of and (“and”).
Cognate with Middle Dutch ont- (Dutch ont-), Old High German ant- (German ant-, ent-), Old Norse and- (Icelandic and- (“against, anti-, opposed to, in the face of”), Swedish an-), Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌳- (and-).

cog

andsaca

andswaru

andweard

andlang

andweorc

andleofen


andlang

From and- + lang. Cognate with Old Norse endlangr (“livelong”).

andlang þǣre Norðsǣ


andlang

andlang (masculine nominative singular)
andlang (feminine nominative singular)
andlang (neuter nominative singular)
andlangne (accusative masculine singular)
andlange (accusative feminine singular)
andlang (accusative neuter singular)
andlanges (genitive masculine singular)
andlangre (feminine genitive singular)
andlanges (genitive neuter singular)
andlangum (dative masculine singular)
andlangre (dative feminine singular)
andlangum (dative neuter singular)
andlange (instrumental masculine singular)
andlangre (feminine instrumental singular)
andlange (instrumental neuter singular)
andlange (masculine nominative plural)
andlanga (feminine nominative plural)
andlange (feminine nominative plural)
andlang (neuter nominative plural)
andlange (accusative masculine plural)
andlanga (accusative feminine plural)
andlange (accusative feminine plural)
andlang (accusative neuter plural)
andlangra (genitive masculine plural)
andlangra (feminine genitive plural)
andlangra (genitive neuter plural)
andlangum (dative masculine plural)
andlangum (dative feminine plural)
andlangum (dative neuter plural)
andlangum (instrumental masculine plural)
andlangum (feminine instrumental plural)
andlangum (instrumental neuter plural)
andlanga (masculine nominative singular)
andlange (feminine nominative singular)
andlange (neuter nominative singular)
andlangan (accusative masculine singular)
andlangan (accusative feminine singular)
andlange (accusative neuter singular)
andlangan (genitive masculine singular)
andlangan (feminine genitive singular)
andlangan (genitive neuter singular)
andlangan (dative masculine singular)
andlangan (dative feminine singular)
andlangan (dative neuter singular)
andlangan (instrumental masculine singular)
andlangan (feminine instrumental singular)
andlangan (instrumental neuter singular)
andlangan (masculine nominative plural)
andlangan (feminine nominative plural)
andlangan (neuter nominative plural)
andlangan (accusative masculine plural)
andlangan (accusative feminine plural)
andlangan (accusative neuter plural)
andlangra (genitive masculine plural)
andlangena (genitive masculine plural)
andlangra (feminine genitive plural)
andlangena (feminine genitive plural)
andlangra (genitive neuter plural)
andlangena (genitive neuter plural)
andlangum (dative masculine plural)
andlangum (dative feminine plural)
andlangum (dative neuter plural)
andlangum (instrumental masculine plural)
andlangum (feminine instrumental plural)
andlangum (instrumental neuter plural)

Beowulf
ondlonge niht


ceald

ang-adj

ċeald (comparative ċealdra, superlative ċealdost)

ċeald (canonical)
ċealdra (comparative)
ċealdost (superlative)
ċeald (masculine nominative singular)
ċeald (feminine nominative singular)
ċeald (neuter nominative singular)
ċealdne (accusative masculine singular)
ċealde (accusative feminine singular)
ċeald (accusative neuter singular)
ċealdes (genitive masculine singular)
ċealdre (feminine genitive singular)
ċealdes (genitive neuter singular)
ċealdum (dative masculine singular)
ċealdre (dative feminine singular)
ċealdum (dative neuter singular)
ċealde (instrumental masculine singular)
ċealdre (feminine instrumental singular)
ċealde (instrumental neuter singular)
ċealde (masculine nominative plural)
ċealda (feminine nominative plural)
ċealde (feminine nominative plural)
ċeald (neuter nominative plural)
ċealde (accusative masculine plural)
ċealda (accusative feminine plural)
ċealde (accusative feminine plural)
ċeald (accusative neuter plural)
ċealdra (genitive masculine plural)
ċealdra (feminine genitive plural)
ċealdra (genitive neuter plural)
ċealdum (dative masculine plural)
ċealdum (dative feminine plural)
ċealdum (dative neuter plural)
ċealdum (instrumental masculine plural)
ċealdum (feminine instrumental plural)
ċealdum (instrumental neuter plural)
ċealda (masculine nominative singular)
ċealde (feminine nominative singular)
ċealde (neuter nominative singular)
ċealdan (accusative masculine singular)
ċealdan (accusative feminine singular)
ċealde (accusative neuter singular)
ċealdan (genitive masculine singular)
ċealdan (feminine genitive singular)
ċealdan (genitive neuter singular)
ċealdan (dative masculine singular)
ċealdan (dative feminine singular)
ċealdan (dative neuter singular)
ċealdan (instrumental masculine singular)
ċealdan (feminine instrumental singular)
ċealdan (instrumental neuter singular)
ċealdan (masculine nominative plural)
ċealdan (feminine nominative plural)
ċealdan (neuter nominative plural)
ċealdan (accusative masculine plural)
ċealdan (accusative feminine plural)
ċealdan (accusative neuter plural)
ċealdra (genitive masculine plural)
ċealdena (genitive masculine plural)
ċealdra (feminine genitive plural)
ċealdena (feminine genitive plural)
ċealdra (genitive neuter plural)
ċealdena (genitive neuter plural)
ċealdum (dative masculine plural)
ċealdum (dative feminine plural)
ċealdum (dative neuter plural)
ċealdum (instrumental masculine plural)
ċealdum (feminine instrumental plural)
ċealdum (instrumental neuter plural)

desctree

Middle English: cold, cald, cheld, cheald, chald
English: cold
Geordie English: cawd, cauld
Scots: cald, cauld
Yola: coale, khoal, cole

From Proto-West Germanic *kald.
Cognates
Cognate with Old Frisian kald, Old Saxon kald, Old Dutch kalt, Old High German kalt, Old Norse kaldr, Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍃 (kalds).

c. 990, Wessex Gospels, John 18:18

The slaves and the servants were standing at the coals and warming themselves, because it was cold.

Þā þēowas and þā þeġnas stōdon æt þām glēdum and wiermdon hīe, for þām hit wæs ċeald.


ceald

ċeald (canonical neuter)
ċeald (nominative singular)
ċeald (nominative plural)
ċeald (accusative singular)
ċeald (accusative plural)
ċealdes (genitive singular)
ċealda (genitive plural)
ċealde (dative singular)
ċealdum (dative plural)

Middle English: cold, cald, chald

English: cold

Scots: cald

From Proto-West Germanic *kald, from Proto-Germanic *kaldą.


ieldra

ieldra (masculine nominative singular)
ieldre (feminine nominative singular)
ieldre (neuter nominative singular)
ieldran (accusative masculine singular)
ieldran (accusative feminine singular)
ieldre (accusative neuter singular)
ieldran (genitive masculine singular)
ieldran (feminine genitive singular)
ieldran (genitive neuter singular)
ieldran (dative masculine singular)
ieldran (dative feminine singular)
ieldran (dative neuter singular)
ieldran (instrumental masculine singular)
ieldran (feminine instrumental singular)
ieldran (instrumental neuter singular)
ieldran (masculine nominative plural)
ieldran (feminine nominative plural)
ieldran (neuter nominative plural)
ieldran (accusative masculine plural)
ieldran (accusative feminine plural)
ieldran (accusative neuter plural)
ieldra (genitive masculine plural)
ieldrena (genitive masculine plural)
ieldra (feminine genitive plural)
ieldrena (feminine genitive plural)
ieldra (genitive neuter plural)
ieldrena (genitive neuter plural)
ieldrum (dative masculine plural)
ieldrum (dative feminine plural)
ieldrum (dative neuter plural)
ieldrum (instrumental masculine plural)
ieldrum (feminine instrumental plural)
ieldrum (instrumental neuter plural)

From Proto-Germanic *alþizô, whence also Old High German altiro, Old Norse ellri.

(West Saxon) older: comparative degree of eald


ieldra

ieldra (nominative singular)
ieldran (nominative plural)
ieldran (accusative singular)
ieldran (accusative plural)
ieldran (genitive singular)
ieldrena (genitive plural)
ieldran (dative singular)
ieldrum (dative plural)

Middle English: eldre

English: elder

Scots: elder


timbran

timbran (infinitive)
timbrenne (infinitive)
timbre (first-person present singular)
timbrede (first-person past singular)
timbrest (present second-person singular)
timbredest (past second-person singular)
timbreþ (present singular third-person)
timbrede (past singular third-person)
timbraþ (plural present)
timbredon (past plural)
timbre (present singular)
timbrede (past singular)
timbren (plural present)
timbreden (past plural)
timbre (imperative past present singular)
timbraþ (imperative past plural present)
timbrende (imperative present)
timbred (imperative past)
ġetimbred (imperative past)

Middle English: timbren

English: timber

From Proto-Germanic *timrijaną, derived from *timrą (“timber”) (Old English timber) + *-janą. Cognate with Old Frisian timbra, Old Saxon timbrian, Old High German zimbaren, Gothic 𐍄𐌹𐌼𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌽 (timrjan).


usic

From Proto-West Germanic *unsik (“us”) with *-ik added by analogy with *mek. Cognate with Old Saxon ūsik (“us”), Old High German unsih (“us”), Gothic 𐌿𐌽𐍃𐌹𐍃 (unsis, “us”).


uncer

uncer (masculine nominative singular)
unceru (feminine nominative singular)
uncru (feminine nominative singular)
uncero (feminine nominative singular)
uncro (feminine nominative singular)
uncer (neuter nominative singular)
uncerne (accusative masculine singular)
uncere (accusative feminine singular)
uncre (accusative feminine singular)
uncer (accusative neuter singular)
unceres (genitive masculine singular)
uncres (genitive masculine singular)
uncerre (feminine genitive singular)
unceres (genitive neuter singular)
uncres (genitive neuter singular)
uncerum (dative masculine singular)
uncrum (dative masculine singular)
uncerre (dative feminine singular)
uncerum (dative neuter singular)
uncrum (dative neuter singular)
uncere (instrumental masculine singular)
uncre (instrumental masculine singular)
uncerre (feminine instrumental singular)
uncere (instrumental neuter singular)
uncre (instrumental neuter singular)
uncere (masculine nominative plural)
uncre (masculine nominative plural)
uncera (feminine nominative plural)
uncra (feminine nominative plural)
uncere (feminine nominative plural)
uncre (feminine nominative plural)
unceru (neuter nominative plural)
uncru (neuter nominative plural)
uncero (neuter nominative plural)
uncro (neuter nominative plural)
uncere (accusative masculine plural)
uncre (accusative masculine plural)
uncera (accusative feminine plural)
uncra (accusative feminine plural)
uncere (accusative feminine plural)
uncre (accusative feminine plural)
unceru (accusative neuter plural)
uncru (accusative neuter plural)
uncero (accusative neuter plural)
uncro (accusative neuter plural)
uncerra (genitive masculine plural)
uncerra (feminine genitive plural)
uncerra (genitive neuter plural)
uncerum (dative masculine plural)
uncrum (dative masculine plural)
uncerum (dative feminine plural)
uncrum (dative feminine plural)
uncerum (dative neuter plural)
uncrum (dative neuter plural)
uncerum (instrumental masculine plural)
uncrum (instrumental masculine plural)
uncerum (feminine instrumental plural)
uncrum (feminine instrumental plural)
uncerum (instrumental neuter plural)
uncrum (instrumental neuter plural)

late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy
Iċ wēne þēah, ġif wit ġīet uncru word tōsamne slēaþ, þæt þǣr āspringe sum spearca upp sōþfæstnesse þāra þe wit ǣr ne ġesāwon.

I think though that if we keep striking our words together, some spark of truth will spring up that we haven't seen before.


uncer

Middle English: unker


ladteow

lādtēow (canonical masculine)
lādtēow (nominative singular)
lādtēowas (nominative plural)
lādtēow (accusative singular)
lādtēowas (accusative plural)
lādtēowes (genitive singular)
lādtēowa (genitive plural)
lādtēowe (dative singular)
lādtēowum (dative plural)

From earlier lādþēow, equivalent to lād (“leading”) + þēow (“servant”). The original form appears on occasion. Compare Old Norse leiðtogi (“guide”).

late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
Themestocles hātte Atheniesa lādtēow

The Athenian general was called Themistocles


beswican

beswīcan (canonical)
beswīcan (infinitive)
beswīcenne (infinitive)
beswīce (first-person present singular)
beswāc (first-person past singular)
beswīcst (present second-person singular)
beswice (past second-person singular)
beswīcþ (present singular third-person)
beswāc (past singular third-person)
beswīcaþ (plural present)
beswicon (past plural)
beswīce (present singular)
beswice (past singular)
beswīcen (plural present)
beswicen (past plural)
beswīc (imperative past present singular)
beswīcaþ (imperative past plural present)
beswīcende (imperative present)
beswicen (imperative past)

Middle English: beswiken

English: beswike

From Proto-West Germanic *biswīkwan. Equivalent to bi- + swican. Cognate with Old Dutch biswīcan.

(transitive) to deceive, trick, beguile, mislead


dwinan

dwīnan (canonical)
dwīnan (infinitive)
dwīnenne (infinitive)
dwīne (first-person present singular)
dwān (first-person past singular)
dwīnst (present second-person singular)
dwine (past second-person singular)
dwīnþ (present singular third-person)
dwān (past singular third-person)
dwīnaþ (plural present)
dwinon (past plural)
dwīne (present singular)
dwine (past singular)
dwīnen (plural present)
dwinen (past plural)
dwīn (imperative past present singular)
dwīnaþ (imperative past plural present)
dwīnende (imperative present)
dwinen (imperative past)
ġedwinen (imperative past)

Middle English: dwynen, dewyne, dowyne, duine, dwinen, dwyne, dwynyn
English: dwine
Scots: dwine

From Proto-Germanic *dwīnaną. Cognate with Old Norse dvína (Swedish dvina), Middle Low German dwīnen.

to waste away, languish, decline, wither


preon

prēon (canonical masculine)
prēon (nominative singular)
prēonas (nominative plural)
prēon (accusative singular)
prēonas (accusative plural)
prēones (genitive singular)
prēona (genitive plural)
prēone (dative singular)
prēonum (dative plural)

English: preen

From Proto-Germanic *preunaz (“knitting needle, pin”)


dile

desctree

Middle English: dile, dyle, dille, dylle
English: dill

Anethum graveolens
Anethum graveolens#Translingual


loccian

loccian (infinitive)
loccienne (infinitive)
locciġe (first-person present singular)
loccode (first-person past singular)
loccast (present second-person singular)
loccodest (past second-person singular)
loccaþ (present singular third-person)
loccode (past singular third-person)
locciaþ (plural present)
loccodon (past plural)
locciġe (present singular)
loccode (past singular)
locciġen (plural present)
loccoden (past plural)
locca (imperative past present singular)
locciaþ (imperative past plural present)
locciende (imperative present)
loccod (imperative past)
ġeloccod (imperative past)

to allure or entice; to win over by gentle means


slad

first/third-person singular preterite indicative of slīdan


hiw

hīw (canonical neuter)
hīw (nominative singular)
hīw (nominative plural)
hīw (accusative singular)
hīw (accusative plural)
hīwes (genitive singular)
hīwa (genitive plural)
hīwe (dative singular)
hīwum (dative plural)


hiw

hīw (canonical feminine)
hīw (nominative singular)
hīwa (nominative plural)
hīwe (nominative plural)
hīwe (accusative singular)
hīwa (accusative plural)
hīwe (accusative plural)
hīwe (genitive singular)
hīwa (genitive plural)
hīwe (dative singular)
hīwum (dative plural)


-lice

Middle English: -lice, -liche, -li, -ly

English: -ly

Scots: -lie, -ly

From Proto-Germanic *-līkê, equivalent to -līċ (adjectival suffix) + -e (adverbial suffix). Compare Old Norse -liga.


adun

Middle English: adoun, adune, adun
English: adown
Scots: adoon, adoun, adown


gerar

ġerār (canonical neuter)
ġerār (nominative singular)
ġerār (nominative plural)
ġerār (accusative singular)
ġerār (accusative plural)
ġerāres (genitive singular)
ġerāra (genitive plural)
ġerāre (dative singular)
ġerārum (dative plural)

Middle English: rore

English: roar

Scots: rare, rair, rore

From ġe- + *rār, from Proto-West Germanic *rair, from Proto-Germanic *rairą, from Proto-Indo-European *rey- (“to scream; roar; howl; bark”). More at Old English rārian (“to roar”).

der

Ic nāht ōþres ne ġehȳrde būtan lēona grymetunge and wulfa ġerār

I heard nothing other but the roar of lions and howling of wolves


agende

inflection of āgend:
nominative/accusative plural


bryne

bryne (nominative singular)
brynas (nominative plural)
bryne (accusative singular)
brynas (accusative plural)
brynes (genitive singular)
bryna (genitive plural)
bryne (dative singular)
brynum (dative plural)

⇒ English: brian

⇒ Scots: brin, bryne

From Proto-Germanic *bruniz (“fire, burning”).


-de

ċierran (“to turn”) + -de → ċierde (“I/he/she/it turned”)

habban (“to have”) + -de → hæfde (“I/he/she/it had”)

Used to form the first and third person singular preterite indicative of some class I and class III weak verbs


milte

milte (nominative singular)
miltan (nominative plural)
miltan (accusative singular)
miltan (accusative plural)
miltan (genitive singular)
miltena (genitive plural)
miltan (dative singular)
miltum (dative plural)
milte (nominative singular)
miltas (nominative plural)
milte (accusative singular)
miltas (accusative plural)
miltes (genitive singular)
milta (genitive plural)
milte (dative singular)
miltum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: milte, milt, multe, mylt, mylte
English: milt
Scots: melt, meilt


grunde

second-person singular preterite indicative

inflection of grindan:
singular preterite subjunctive


oretta

ōretta (canonical masculine)
ōretta (nominative singular)
ōrettan (nominative plural)
ōrettan (accusative singular)
ōrettan (accusative plural)
ōrettan (genitive singular)
ōrettena (genitive plural)
ōrettan (dative singular)
ōrettum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *uʀhaitō; equivalent to ōret + -a and thus cognate with Old High German urheizo. For the variation between -t- and -tt-, compare ǣmette, variant of ǣmete (“ant”).


ridda

ridda (nominative singular)
riddan (nominative plural)
riddan (accusative singular)
riddan (accusative plural)
riddan (genitive singular)
riddena (genitive plural)
riddan (dative singular)
riddum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *riddjō.
Cognate with Old High German ritto and Old Norse -riði. Related to rīdan (“to ride”) and rād (“riding, a ride”).

agent noun of rīdan
horseman, cavalryman, knight


styntan

styntan (infinitive)
styntenne (infinitive)
stynte (first-person present singular)
stynte (first-person past singular)
styntest (present second-person singular)
stynst (present second-person singular)
styntst (present second-person singular)
styntest (past second-person singular)
stynteþ (present singular third-person)
stynt (present singular third-person)
stynte (past singular third-person)
styntaþ (plural present)
stynton (past plural)
stynte (present singular)
stynte (past singular)
stynten (plural present)
stynten (past plural)
stynt (imperative past present singular)
styntaþ (imperative past plural present)
styntende (imperative present)
stynted (imperative past)
ġestynted (imperative past)

Middle English: stinten, stynten

English: stint, stent


ærlice

Middle English: erly, arliche, arely, erli, erliche, orely
English: early
Yola: arich (noun)


besæt

first/third-person singular preterite indicative of besittan


hynden

hynden (nominative singular)
hyndenna (nominative plural)
hyndenne (nominative plural)
hyndenne (accusative singular)
hyndenna (accusative plural)
hyndenne (accusative plural)
hyndenne (genitive singular)
hyndenna (genitive plural)
hyndenne (dative singular)
hyndennum (dative plural)

From hund (“hundred”) + -en (feminine suffix).

af

(law) A group of one hundred men (comprised of ten tithings).


hyt

third-person singular present indicative of hȳdan


ultor

ultor (nominative singular)
ultras (nominative plural)
ultor (accusative singular)
ultras (accusative plural)
ultres (genitive singular)
ultra (genitive plural)
ultre (dative singular)
ultrum (dative plural)

Perhaps from a British dialect form of Latin vultur (“vulture”).


ligene

inflection of līġen:
strong accusative feminine singular

strong instrumental masculine/neuter singular

strong nominative/accusative masculine/feminine plural

weak nominative feminine/neuter singular

inflection of līġen:
weak accusative neuter singular


gamen

gamen (nominative singular)
gamen (nominative plural)
gamen (accusative singular)
gamen (accusative plural)
gamenes (genitive singular)
gamena (genitive plural)
gamene (dative singular)
gamenum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: game, gamen, gemen, gomen, gome, gammen, gaume, gamme, gamin, gomin, gomyn, gomun, gam, geme
English: game (see there for further descendants); (dialectal gam)
⇒ Fingallian: gamshoge
Scots: gemme, gem, gyem, game
Yola: gaame, gaume, gaaume

Etymology tree
Proto-Germanic *gamaną
Proto-West Germanic *gaman
Old English gamen
From Proto-West Germanic *gaman, from Proto-Germanic *gamaną.


stande

first-person singular present indicative

inflection of standan:
singular present subjunctive


lare

inflection of lār:
accusative/genitive/dative singular

inflection of lār:
nominative/accusative plural


ungod

ungōd (canonical)
ungōd (masculine nominative singular)
ungōd (feminine nominative singular)
ungōd (neuter nominative singular)
ungōdne (accusative masculine singular)
ungōde (accusative feminine singular)
ungōd (accusative neuter singular)
ungōdes (genitive masculine singular)
ungōdre (feminine genitive singular)
ungōdes (genitive neuter singular)
ungōdum (dative masculine singular)
ungōdre (dative feminine singular)
ungōdum (dative neuter singular)
ungōde (instrumental masculine singular)
ungōdre (feminine instrumental singular)
ungōde (instrumental neuter singular)
ungōde (masculine nominative plural)
ungōda (feminine nominative plural)
ungōde (feminine nominative plural)
ungōd (neuter nominative plural)
ungōde (accusative masculine plural)
ungōda (accusative feminine plural)
ungōde (accusative feminine plural)
ungōd (accusative neuter plural)
ungōdra (genitive masculine plural)
ungōdra (feminine genitive plural)
ungōdra (genitive neuter plural)
ungōdum (dative masculine plural)
ungōdum (dative feminine plural)
ungōdum (dative neuter plural)
ungōdum (instrumental masculine plural)
ungōdum (feminine instrumental plural)
ungōdum (instrumental neuter plural)
ungōda (masculine nominative singular)
ungōde (feminine nominative singular)
ungōde (neuter nominative singular)
ungōdan (accusative masculine singular)
ungōdan (accusative feminine singular)
ungōde (accusative neuter singular)
ungōdan (genitive masculine singular)
ungōdan (feminine genitive singular)
ungōdan (genitive neuter singular)
ungōdan (dative masculine singular)
ungōdan (dative feminine singular)
ungōdan (dative neuter singular)
ungōdan (instrumental masculine singular)
ungōdan (feminine instrumental singular)
ungōdan (instrumental neuter singular)
ungōdan (masculine nominative plural)
ungōdan (feminine nominative plural)
ungōdan (neuter nominative plural)
ungōdan (accusative masculine plural)
ungōdan (accusative feminine plural)
ungōdan (accusative neuter plural)
ungōdra (genitive masculine plural)
ungōdena (genitive masculine plural)
ungōdra (feminine genitive plural)
ungōdena (feminine genitive plural)
ungōdra (genitive neuter plural)
ungōdena (genitive neuter plural)
ungōdum (dative masculine plural)
ungōdum (dative feminine plural)
ungōdum (dative neuter plural)
ungōdum (instrumental masculine plural)
ungōdum (feminine instrumental plural)
ungōdum (instrumental neuter plural)

Middle English: ungode, vngood

English: ungood

From Proto-West Germanic *ungōd. Equivalent to un- (“un-”) + gōd (“good”).


isen

Alternative form of īsern (“iron, steel”)


hæren

hǣren (canonical)
hǣren (masculine nominative singular)
hǣrenu (feminine nominative singular)
hǣrnu (feminine nominative singular)
hǣreno (feminine nominative singular)
hǣrno (feminine nominative singular)
hǣren (neuter nominative singular)
hǣrenne (accusative masculine singular)
hǣrene (accusative feminine singular)
hǣrne (accusative feminine singular)
hǣren (accusative neuter singular)
hǣrenes (genitive masculine singular)
hǣrnes (genitive masculine singular)
hǣrenre (feminine genitive singular)
hǣrenes (genitive neuter singular)
hǣrnes (genitive neuter singular)
hǣrenum (dative masculine singular)
hǣrnum (dative masculine singular)
hǣrenre (dative feminine singular)
hǣrenum (dative neuter singular)
hǣrnum (dative neuter singular)
hǣrene (instrumental masculine singular)
hǣrne (instrumental masculine singular)
hǣrenre (feminine instrumental singular)
hǣrene (instrumental neuter singular)
hǣrne (instrumental neuter singular)
hǣrene (masculine nominative plural)
hǣrne (masculine nominative plural)
hǣrena (feminine nominative plural)
hǣrna (feminine nominative plural)
hǣrene (feminine nominative plural)
hǣrne (feminine nominative plural)
hǣrenu (neuter nominative plural)
hǣrnu (neuter nominative plural)
hǣreno (neuter nominative plural)
hǣrno (neuter nominative plural)
hǣrene (accusative masculine plural)
hǣrne (accusative masculine plural)
hǣrena (accusative feminine plural)
hǣrna (accusative feminine plural)
hǣrene (accusative feminine plural)
hǣrne (accusative feminine plural)
hǣrenu (accusative neuter plural)
hǣrnu (accusative neuter plural)
hǣreno (accusative neuter plural)
hǣrno (accusative neuter plural)
hǣrenra (genitive masculine plural)
hǣrenra (feminine genitive plural)
hǣrenra (genitive neuter plural)
hǣrenum (dative masculine plural)
hǣrnum (dative masculine plural)
hǣrenum (dative feminine plural)
hǣrnum (dative feminine plural)
hǣrenum (dative neuter plural)
hǣrnum (dative neuter plural)
hǣrenum (instrumental masculine plural)
hǣrnum (instrumental masculine plural)
hǣrenum (feminine instrumental plural)
hǣrnum (feminine instrumental plural)
hǣrenum (instrumental neuter plural)
hǣrnum (instrumental neuter plural)
hǣrena (masculine nominative singular)
hǣrna (masculine nominative singular)
hǣrene (feminine nominative singular)
hǣrne (feminine nominative singular)
hǣrene (neuter nominative singular)
hǣrne (neuter nominative singular)
hǣrenan (accusative masculine singular)
hǣrnan (accusative masculine singular)
hǣrenan (accusative feminine singular)
hǣrnan (accusative feminine singular)
hǣrene (accusative neuter singular)
hǣrne (accusative neuter singular)
hǣrenan (genitive masculine singular)
hǣrnan (genitive masculine singular)
hǣrenan (feminine genitive singular)
hǣrnan (feminine genitive singular)
hǣrenan (genitive neuter singular)
hǣrnan (genitive neuter singular)
hǣrenan (dative masculine singular)
hǣrnan (dative masculine singular)
hǣrenan (dative feminine singular)
hǣrnan (dative feminine singular)
hǣrenan (dative neuter singular)
hǣrnan (dative neuter singular)
hǣrenan (instrumental masculine singular)
hǣrnan (instrumental masculine singular)
hǣrenan (feminine instrumental singular)
hǣrnan (feminine instrumental singular)
hǣrenan (instrumental neuter singular)
hǣrnan (instrumental neuter singular)
hǣrenan (masculine nominative plural)
hǣrnan (masculine nominative plural)
hǣrenan (feminine nominative plural)
hǣrnan (feminine nominative plural)
hǣrenan (neuter nominative plural)
hǣrnan (neuter nominative plural)
hǣrenan (accusative masculine plural)
hǣrnan (accusative masculine plural)
hǣrenan (accusative feminine plural)
hǣrnan (accusative feminine plural)
hǣrenan (accusative neuter plural)
hǣrnan (accusative neuter plural)
hǣrenra (genitive masculine plural)
hǣrenena (genitive masculine plural)
hǣrnena (genitive masculine plural)
hǣrenra (feminine genitive plural)
hǣrenena (feminine genitive plural)
hǣrnena (feminine genitive plural)
hǣrenra (genitive neuter plural)
hǣrenena (genitive neuter plural)
hǣrnena (genitive neuter plural)
hǣrenum (dative masculine plural)
hǣrnum (dative masculine plural)
hǣrenum (dative feminine plural)
hǣrnum (dative feminine plural)
hǣrenum (dative neuter plural)
hǣrnum (dative neuter plural)
hǣrenum (instrumental masculine plural)
hǣrnum (instrumental masculine plural)
hǣrenum (feminine instrumental plural)
hǣrnum (feminine instrumental plural)
hǣrenum (instrumental neuter plural)
hǣrnum (instrumental neuter plural)

Middle English: heren, heeren

Scots: herin, hairn, hairen

English: hairen

From Proto-West Germanic *hārīn, equivalent to hǣr + -en.


hær

hǣr (canonical neuter)
hǣr (nominative singular)
hǣr (nominative plural)
hǣr (accusative singular)
hǣr (accusative plural)
hǣres (genitive singular)
hǣra (genitive plural)
hǣre (dative singular)
hǣrum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: her
English: hair
Scots: hair, hayr, hare
Yola: haar

From Proto-West Germanic *hār. Cognate with Old Saxon hār, Dutch haar, Old High German hār (German Haar), Old Norse hár (Swedish hår).


hering

hering (nominative singular)
heringa (nominative plural)
heringe (nominative plural)
heringe (accusative singular)
heringa (accusative plural)
heringe (accusative plural)
heringe (genitive singular)
heringa (genitive plural)
heringe (dative singular)
heringum (dative plural)


gæst

gǣst (canonical masculine)
gǣstas (nominative plural)


wol

wōl (canonical masculine)
wōl (nominative singular)
wōlas (nominative plural)
wōl (accusative singular)
wōlas (accusative plural)
wōles (genitive singular)
wōla (genitive plural)
wōle (dative singular)
wōlum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *wōl. Cognate with Old Saxon wōl, Old High German wuol, Old Norse ól (“troll-woman”).


carful

carful (masculine nominative singular)
carful (feminine nominative singular)
carful (neuter nominative singular)
carfulne (accusative masculine singular)
carfulle (accusative feminine singular)
carful (accusative neuter singular)
carfulles (genitive masculine singular)
carfulre (feminine genitive singular)
carfulles (genitive neuter singular)
carfullum (dative masculine singular)
carfulre (dative feminine singular)
carfullum (dative neuter singular)
carfulle (instrumental masculine singular)
carfulre (feminine instrumental singular)
carfulle (instrumental neuter singular)
carfulle (masculine nominative plural)
carfulla (feminine nominative plural)
carfulle (feminine nominative plural)
carful (neuter nominative plural)
carfulle (accusative masculine plural)
carfulla (accusative feminine plural)
carfulle (accusative feminine plural)
carful (accusative neuter plural)
carfulra (genitive masculine plural)
carfulra (feminine genitive plural)
carfulra (genitive neuter plural)
carfullum (dative masculine plural)
carfullum (dative feminine plural)
carfullum (dative neuter plural)
carfullum (instrumental masculine plural)
carfullum (feminine instrumental plural)
carfullum (instrumental neuter plural)
carfulla (masculine nominative singular)
carfulle (feminine nominative singular)
carfulle (neuter nominative singular)
carfullan (accusative masculine singular)
carfullan (accusative feminine singular)
carfulle (accusative neuter singular)
carfullan (genitive masculine singular)
carfullan (feminine genitive singular)
carfullan (genitive neuter singular)
carfullan (dative masculine singular)
carfullan (dative feminine singular)
carfullan (dative neuter singular)
carfullan (instrumental masculine singular)
carfullan (feminine instrumental singular)
carfullan (instrumental neuter singular)
carfullan (masculine nominative plural)
carfullan (feminine nominative plural)
carfullan (neuter nominative plural)
carfullan (accusative masculine plural)
carfullan (accusative feminine plural)
carfullan (accusative neuter plural)
carfulra (genitive masculine plural)
carfullena (genitive masculine plural)
carfulra (feminine genitive plural)
carfullena (feminine genitive plural)
carfulra (genitive neuter plural)
carfullena (genitive neuter plural)
carfullum (dative masculine plural)
carfullum (dative feminine plural)
carfullum (dative neuter plural)
carfullum (instrumental masculine plural)
carfullum (feminine instrumental plural)
carfullum (instrumental neuter plural)

Middle English: careful

English: careful

c. 992, Ælfric, "The Assumption of St. John the Apostle"
Drusiana þa ārās swilce of slæpe āwreht, and, carfull be ðæs apostoles hæse, hām ġewende.

Drusiana then arose as if from sleep awakened, and, mindful of the apostle's command, returned home.


gilde

ġilde (canonical)
ġilde (masculine nominative singular)
ġildu (feminine nominative singular)
ġildo (feminine nominative singular)
ġilde (neuter nominative singular)
ġildne (accusative masculine singular)
ġilde (accusative feminine singular)
ġilde (accusative neuter singular)
ġildes (genitive masculine singular)
ġildre (feminine genitive singular)
ġildes (genitive neuter singular)
ġildum (dative masculine singular)
ġildre (dative feminine singular)
ġildum (dative neuter singular)
ġilde (instrumental masculine singular)
ġildre (feminine instrumental singular)
ġilde (instrumental neuter singular)
ġilde (masculine nominative plural)
ġilda (feminine nominative plural)
ġilde (feminine nominative plural)
ġildu (neuter nominative plural)
ġildo (neuter nominative plural)
ġilde (accusative masculine plural)
ġilda (accusative feminine plural)
ġilde (accusative feminine plural)
ġildu (accusative neuter plural)
ġildo (accusative neuter plural)
ġildra (genitive masculine plural)
ġildra (feminine genitive plural)
ġildra (genitive neuter plural)
ġildum (dative masculine plural)
ġildum (dative feminine plural)
ġildum (dative neuter plural)
ġildum (instrumental masculine plural)
ġildum (feminine instrumental plural)
ġildum (instrumental neuter plural)
ġilda (masculine nominative singular)
ġilde (feminine nominative singular)
ġilde (neuter nominative singular)
ġildan (accusative masculine singular)
ġildan (accusative feminine singular)
ġilde (accusative neuter singular)
ġildan (genitive masculine singular)
ġildan (feminine genitive singular)
ġildan (genitive neuter singular)
ġildan (dative masculine singular)
ġildan (dative feminine singular)
ġildan (dative neuter singular)
ġildan (instrumental masculine singular)
ġildan (feminine instrumental singular)
ġildan (instrumental neuter singular)
ġildan (masculine nominative plural)
ġildan (feminine nominative plural)
ġildan (neuter nominative plural)
ġildan (accusative masculine plural)
ġildan (accusative feminine plural)
ġildan (accusative neuter plural)
ġildra (genitive masculine plural)
ġildena (genitive masculine plural)
ġildra (feminine genitive plural)
ġildena (feminine genitive plural)
ġildra (genitive neuter plural)
ġildena (genitive neuter plural)
ġildum (dative masculine plural)
ġildum (dative feminine plural)
ġildum (dative neuter plural)
ġildum (instrumental masculine plural)
ġildum (feminine instrumental plural)
ġildum (instrumental neuter plural)

Middle English: *yeld, *yald

English: yauld, yald

Scots: yauld

From Proto-Germanic *gildiz, perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *geldą (“payment, reward”) (see Old English ġeld) or to Proto-Germanic *geldaną (“to pay”) (see Old English ġeldan).


læst

lǣst (canonical)
lǣst (masculine nominative singular)
lǣst (feminine nominative singular)
lǣst (neuter nominative singular)
lǣstne (accusative masculine singular)
lǣste (accusative feminine singular)
lǣst (accusative neuter singular)
lǣstes (genitive masculine singular)
lǣstre (feminine genitive singular)
lǣstes (genitive neuter singular)
lǣstum (dative masculine singular)
lǣstre (dative feminine singular)
lǣstum (dative neuter singular)
lǣste (instrumental masculine singular)
lǣstre (feminine instrumental singular)
lǣste (instrumental neuter singular)
lǣste (masculine nominative plural)
lǣsta (feminine nominative plural)
lǣste (feminine nominative plural)
lǣst (neuter nominative plural)
lǣste (accusative masculine plural)
lǣsta (accusative feminine plural)
lǣste (accusative feminine plural)
lǣst (accusative neuter plural)
lǣstra (genitive masculine plural)
lǣstra (feminine genitive plural)
lǣstra (genitive neuter plural)
lǣstum (dative masculine plural)
lǣstum (dative feminine plural)
lǣstum (dative neuter plural)
lǣstum (instrumental masculine plural)
lǣstum (feminine instrumental plural)
lǣstum (instrumental neuter plural)
lǣsta (masculine nominative singular)
lǣste (feminine nominative singular)
lǣste (neuter nominative singular)
lǣstan (accusative masculine singular)
lǣstan (accusative feminine singular)
lǣste (accusative neuter singular)
lǣstan (genitive masculine singular)
lǣstan (feminine genitive singular)
lǣstan (genitive neuter singular)
lǣstan (dative masculine singular)
lǣstan (dative feminine singular)
lǣstan (dative neuter singular)
lǣstan (instrumental masculine singular)
lǣstan (feminine instrumental singular)
lǣstan (instrumental neuter singular)
lǣstan (masculine nominative plural)
lǣstan (feminine nominative plural)
lǣstan (neuter nominative plural)
lǣstan (accusative masculine plural)
lǣstan (accusative feminine plural)
lǣstan (accusative neuter plural)
lǣstra (genitive masculine plural)
lǣstena (genitive masculine plural)
lǣstra (feminine genitive plural)
lǣstena (feminine genitive plural)
lǣstra (genitive neuter plural)
lǣstena (genitive neuter plural)
lǣstum (dative masculine plural)
lǣstum (dative feminine plural)
lǣstum (dative neuter plural)
lǣstum (instrumental masculine plural)
lǣstum (feminine instrumental plural)
lǣstum (instrumental neuter plural)

Contraction of lǣsest. Cognate with Old Frisian lēst, lērest.

superlative degree of lȳtel: smallest, least


bæst

bæstas (nominative plural)
bæst (nominative singular)
bæstas (nominative plural)
bæst (accusative singular)
bæstas (accusative plural)
bæstes (genitive singular)
bæsta (genitive plural)
bæste (dative singular)
bæstum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: bast, baste
English: bast, bass
Scots: bass

From Proto-West Germanic *bast (“bast, rope”). Compare Middle Irish basc (“necklace”), Latin fascis (“bundle”), Albanian bashkë (“tied, linked”)).

inh

bast; inner bark of a tree from which rope is made


hule

inflection of hulu:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of hulu:
genitive/dative singular


bensian

bēnsian (canonical)
bēnsian (infinitive)
bēnsienne (infinitive)
bēnsiġe (first-person present singular)
bēnsode (first-person past singular)
bēnsast (present second-person singular)
bēnsodest (past second-person singular)
bēnsaþ (present singular third-person)
bēnsode (past singular third-person)
bēnsiaþ (plural present)
bēnsodon (past plural)
bēnsiġe (present singular)
bēnsode (past singular)
bēnsiġen (plural present)
bēnsoden (past plural)
bēnsa (imperative past present singular)
bēnsiaþ (imperative past plural present)
bēnsiende (imperative present)
bēnsod (imperative past)
ġebēnsod (imperative past)

Middle English: bensien, bensyen


wa la wa

Middle English: weylawey

Scots: walawa, wallawa

English: welaway, wellaway (archaic)

/wɑː lɑː wɑː/

731, Bede, The Ecclesiastical History of the English People, 1722 edition prepared by John Smith, p. 501


bedrog

first/third-person singular preterite indicative of bedragan


agna

strong feminine nominative/accusative plural

inflection of āgen:
weak masculine nominative singular


stige

inflection of stīgan:
singular present subjunctive


stige

second-person singular preterite indicative

inflection of stīgan:
singular preterite subjunctive


welig

welig (nominative singular)
weligas (nominative plural)
welig (accusative singular)
weligas (accusative plural)
weliges (genitive singular)
weliga (genitive plural)
welige (dative singular)
weligum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: wylow, welew, weleygh, welo, welogh, welou, wely, whilwh, wilew, wilghe, wilou, wilowh, wilwe, wylew, wylgh, wylugh, wylw
English: willow
Scots: willy, willie


welig

weliġ (canonical)
weliġost (superlative)
weliġ (masculine nominative singular)
weliġ (feminine nominative singular)
weliġ (neuter nominative singular)
weliġne (accusative masculine singular)
weliġe (accusative feminine singular)
weliġ (accusative neuter singular)
weliġes (genitive masculine singular)
weliġre (feminine genitive singular)
weliġes (genitive neuter singular)
weliġum (dative masculine singular)
weliġre (dative feminine singular)
weliġum (dative neuter singular)
weliġe (instrumental masculine singular)
weliġre (feminine instrumental singular)
weliġe (instrumental neuter singular)
weliġe (masculine nominative plural)
weliġa (feminine nominative plural)
weliġe (feminine nominative plural)
weliġ (neuter nominative plural)
weliġe (accusative masculine plural)
weliġa (accusative feminine plural)
weliġe (accusative feminine plural)
weliġ (accusative neuter plural)
weliġra (genitive masculine plural)
weliġra (feminine genitive plural)
weliġra (genitive neuter plural)
weliġum (dative masculine plural)
weliġum (dative feminine plural)
weliġum (dative neuter plural)
weliġum (instrumental masculine plural)
weliġum (feminine instrumental plural)
weliġum (instrumental neuter plural)
weliġa (masculine nominative singular)
weliġe (feminine nominative singular)
weliġe (neuter nominative singular)
weliġan (accusative masculine singular)
weliġan (accusative feminine singular)
weliġe (accusative neuter singular)
weliġan (genitive masculine singular)
weliġan (feminine genitive singular)
weliġan (genitive neuter singular)
weliġan (dative masculine singular)
weliġan (dative feminine singular)
weliġan (dative neuter singular)
weliġan (instrumental masculine singular)
weliġan (feminine instrumental singular)
weliġan (instrumental neuter singular)
weliġan (masculine nominative plural)
weliġan (feminine nominative plural)
weliġan (neuter nominative plural)
weliġan (accusative masculine plural)
weliġan (accusative feminine plural)
weliġan (accusative neuter plural)
weliġra (genitive masculine plural)
weliġena (genitive masculine plural)
weliġra (feminine genitive plural)
weliġena (feminine genitive plural)
weliġra (genitive neuter plural)
weliġena (genitive neuter plural)
weliġum (dative masculine plural)
weliġum (dative feminine plural)
weliġum (dative neuter plural)
weliġum (instrumental masculine plural)
weliġum (feminine instrumental plural)
weliġum (instrumental neuter plural)

late 10th century, Ælfric, Lives of Saints
Sum forþþeġn wæs þā weliġ on þām lande, Florus ġehāten, and sē hæfde ġemynt mynster tō ārǣrenne and mid munecum ġesettan

There was a certain wealthy high-ranking noble in that land named Florus, and he had a mind to establish a monastery and settle monks in it.


afierran

āfierran (canonical)
āfierran (infinitive)
āfierrenne (infinitive)
āfierre (first-person present singular)
āfierede (first-person past singular)
āfierest (present second-person singular)
āfieredest (past second-person singular)
āfiereþ (present singular third-person)
āfierede (past singular third-person)
āfierraþ (plural present)
āfieredon (past plural)
āfierre (present singular)
āfierede (past singular)
āfierren (plural present)
āfiereden (past plural)
āfiere (imperative past present singular)
āfierraþ (imperative past plural present)
āfierrende (imperative present)
āfiered (imperative past)


adesa

adesan (nominative plural)
adesa (nominative singular)
adesan (nominative plural)
adesan (accusative singular)
adesan (accusative plural)
adesan (genitive singular)
adesena (genitive plural)
adesan (dative singular)
adesum (dative plural)

Middle English: adese, adse

English: adze, adz


Denemearc

Denemearc (nominative singular)
Denemearce (accusative singular)
Denemearce (genitive singular)
Denemearce (dative singular)

From Dene + mearc, a calque of Old Norse Danmǫrk.


adla

nominative/accusative/genitive plural of ādl


Eotaland

Ēotaland (canonical neuter)
Ēotaland (nominative singular)
Ēotaland (accusative singular)
Ēotalandes (genitive singular)
Ēotalande (dative singular)

From Proto-Germanic *Eutalandą, whence also Old Norse Jótland.


gyden

gydenna (nominative plural)
gyden (nominative singular)
gydenna (nominative plural)
gydenne (nominative plural)
gydenne (accusative singular)
gydenna (accusative plural)
gydenne (accusative plural)
gydenne (genitive singular)
gydenna (genitive plural)
gydenne (dative singular)
gydennum (dative plural)

From Proto-Germanic *gudinī, equivalent to god + -en. Cognate with Old High German gutin (German Göttin), Old Norse gyðja, Middle Dutch godinne (Dutch godin).


adlig

ādliġ (canonical)
ādliġ (masculine nominative singular)
ādliġu (feminine nominative singular)
ādliġo (feminine nominative singular)
ādliġ (neuter nominative singular)
ādliġne (accusative masculine singular)
ādliġe (accusative feminine singular)
ādliġ (accusative neuter singular)
ādliġes (genitive masculine singular)
ādliġre (feminine genitive singular)
ādliġes (genitive neuter singular)
ādliġum (dative masculine singular)
ādliġre (dative feminine singular)
ādliġum (dative neuter singular)
ādliġe (instrumental masculine singular)
ādliġre (feminine instrumental singular)
ādliġe (instrumental neuter singular)
ādliġe (masculine nominative plural)
ādliġa (feminine nominative plural)
ādliġe (feminine nominative plural)
ādliġu (neuter nominative plural)
ādliġo (neuter nominative plural)
ādliġe (accusative masculine plural)
ādliġa (accusative feminine plural)
ādliġe (accusative feminine plural)
ādliġu (accusative neuter plural)
ādliġo (accusative neuter plural)
ādliġra (genitive masculine plural)
ādliġra (feminine genitive plural)
ādliġra (genitive neuter plural)
ādliġum (dative masculine plural)
ādliġum (dative feminine plural)
ādliġum (dative neuter plural)
ādliġum (instrumental masculine plural)
ādliġum (feminine instrumental plural)
ādliġum (instrumental neuter plural)
ādliġa (masculine nominative singular)
ādliġe (feminine nominative singular)
ādliġe (neuter nominative singular)
ādliġan (accusative masculine singular)
ādliġan (accusative feminine singular)
ādliġe (accusative neuter singular)
ādliġan (genitive masculine singular)
ādliġan (feminine genitive singular)
ādliġan (genitive neuter singular)
ādliġan (dative masculine singular)
ādliġan (dative feminine singular)
ādliġan (dative neuter singular)
ādliġan (instrumental masculine singular)
ādliġan (feminine instrumental singular)
ādliġan (instrumental neuter singular)
ādliġan (masculine nominative plural)
ādliġan (feminine nominative plural)
ādliġan (neuter nominative plural)
ādliġan (accusative masculine plural)
ādliġan (accusative feminine plural)
ādliġan (accusative neuter plural)
ādliġra (genitive masculine plural)
ādliġena (genitive masculine plural)
ādliġra (feminine genitive plural)
ādliġena (feminine genitive plural)
ādliġra (genitive neuter plural)
ādliġena (genitive neuter plural)
ādliġum (dative masculine plural)
ādliġum (dative feminine plural)
ādliġum (dative neuter plural)
ādliġum (instrumental masculine plural)
ādliġum (feminine instrumental plural)
ādliġum (instrumental neuter plural)


fenge

inflection of fōn:
singular preterite subjunctive


mul

mūl (canonical masculine)
mūl (nominative singular)
mūlas (nominative plural)
mūl (accusative singular)
mūlas (accusative plural)
mūles (genitive singular)
mūla (genitive plural)
mūle (dative singular)
mūlum (dative plural)

Middle English: mule

English: mule
→ Hawaiian: miula
→ Irish: miúil
→ Maori: miūru


ric

rīc (canonical neuter)
rīc (nominative singular)
rīcu (nominative plural)
rīc (accusative singular)
rīcu (accusative plural)
rīces (genitive singular)
rīca (genitive plural)
rīc (dative singular)
rīcum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *rīkī, from Proto-Germanic *rīkiją, from Proto-Celtic *rīgyom (“kingdom”), derived from *rīxs (“king”).
Cognate with Old Frisian rīke, Old Saxon rīki, Old Dutch rīki, Old High German rīhhi, Old Norse ríki, Gothic 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌹 (reiki). The Indo-European root is also the source of Latin rēx.


deag

dēag (canonical feminine)
dēag (nominative singular)
dēaga (nominative plural)
dēage (nominative plural)
dēage (accusative singular)
dēaga (accusative plural)
dēage (accusative plural)
dēage (genitive singular)
dēaga (genitive plural)
dēage (dative singular)
dēagum (dative plural)

Middle English: dehe, deyȝ, deie, dy

English: dye

From Proto-West Germanic *daugu, from *daugan (“to hide”).


pott

pott (nominative singular)
pottas (nominative plural)
pott (accusative singular)
pottas (accusative plural)
pottes (genitive singular)
potta (genitive plural)
potte (dative singular)
pottum (dative plural)

English: pot, pott

From Proto-Germanic *puttaz (“pot”), from Proto-Indo-European *budnós (“a type of vessel”)


bete

first-person singular present indicative of bētan


hyrne

hyrne (nominative singular)
hyrnan (nominative plural)
hyrnan (accusative singular)
hyrnan (accusative plural)
hyrnan (genitive singular)
hyrnena (genitive plural)
hyrnan (dative singular)
hyrnum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: herne, heorne, heryn, hirn, hirne, huiren, hurne, huyrne, hyrne, hyron
English: hern, hirn
Scots: hirn

From Proto-West Germanic *hurnijā, from Proto-Germanic *hurnijǭ (“horn, corner, angle”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“horn”).
Cognate with Old Frisian herne (“horn, corner, angle”), Old Norse hyrna. More at horn.


scien

sċīen (canonical)
sċīen (infinitive)
sċīenne (infinitive)
sċīe (first-person present singular)
sċīede (first-person past singular)
sċīest (present second-person singular)
sċīedest (past second-person singular)
sċīeþ (present singular third-person)
sċīede (past singular third-person)
sċīeþ (plural present)
sċīedon (past plural)
sċīe (present singular)
sċīede (past singular)
sċīen (plural present)
sċīeden (past plural)
sċīe (imperative past present singular)
sċīeþ (imperative past plural present)
sċīende (imperative present)
sċīed (imperative past)
ġesċīed (imperative past)

From Proto-West Germanic *skiuhijan, derived from *skeuh (Old English sċēoh).

c. 996, Ælfric's Lives of Saints
Þā sċīedon þā mūlas þe þæt cræt tugon, þurh his tōcyme āfyrhte, and tōmengdon þā ġetogu þæt hīe tēon ne meahton.

The mules pulling the chariot jumped back, frightened at his approach, and tangled the traces so that they couldn't pull.

to be frightened or startled; recoil in fear


sice

first-person singular present indicative

inflection of sīcan:
singular present subjunctive


sice

inflection of sīcan:
singular preterite subjunctive


spinne

inflection of spinnan:
singular present subjunctive


fers

fers (nominative singular)
fers (nominative plural)
fers (accusative singular)
fers (accusative plural)
ferses (genitive singular)
fersa (genitive plural)
ferse (dative singular)
fersum (dative plural)


tytan

tȳtan (canonical)
tȳtan (infinitive)
tȳtenne (infinitive)
tȳte (first-person present singular)
tȳtte (first-person past singular)
tȳtest (present second-person singular)
tȳtst (present second-person singular)
tȳttest (past second-person singular)
tȳteþ (present singular third-person)
tȳtt (present singular third-person)
tȳt (present singular third-person)
tȳtte (past singular third-person)
tȳtaþ (plural present)
tȳtton (past plural)
tȳte (present singular)
tȳtte (past singular)
tȳten (plural present)
tȳtten (past plural)
tȳt (imperative past present singular)
tȳtaþ (imperative past plural present)
tȳtende (imperative present)
tȳted (imperative past)
ġetȳted (imperative past)

gl

merged with descentant of Old English <i class="Latn mention" lang="ang">*tūtian</i>

Middle English: tuten, tutten, touten (merged with descentant of Old English *tūtian)

English: tout

From Proto-West Germanic *tūtijan, from Proto-Germanic *tut(t)- (“to protrude”).


-endlic

desc

Middle English: -endlic, -endlice, -andlic, -endliȝ, -andlike

Combined form, created from -ende (present participle ending) + -līċ (“-ly, like”) and from -end (agent suffix, ultimately from the present participle) + -līċ (“-ly, like”).

affix

ācumendlīc

possible (literally, “able to arrive or come about”)

būgendlīc

forming adjectives from verbs with the sense of "able to, capable of"


oþ-

From unstressed Proto-West Germanic *unþa-.

ōþwendan

ōþwindan

ōþberan

ōþlenġan

ōþīeċan

ōþrīdan

ōþstillan

perfective; completely; intensifying an action


-weard

Middle English: -warde, -ward

English: -ward

Scots: -wart, -art, -it

From Proto-Germanic *wardaz (“turned toward, in the direction of, facing”), from Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn, wind”), from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to turn, bend”).
Akin to Old Frisian -ward, Old Saxon -ward, Old Norse verðr, German -wärts. Cognate with Old English weorþan (“to turn (into), become”).

cog

ēasteweard ― eastward, tōweard (adjective and noun) ― future

Forming adjectives and nouns from adjectives or prepositions, with the sense of "in the direction of, toward".

Forming adverbs from adjectives or prepositions, with the sense of "in the direction of, toward".


bræþ

brǣþ (canonical masculine)
brǣþ (nominative singular)
brǣþas (nominative plural)
brǣþ (accusative singular)
brǣþas (accusative plural)
brǣþes (genitive singular)
brǣþa (genitive plural)
brǣþe (dative singular)
brǣþum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: breeth, breað, braþe, breth, breith
English: breath
Scots: breth, brethe, breith

From Proto-Germanic *brēþiz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrēt- (“exhalation from heat; steam”).


æ-

From Proto-West Germanic *ā- (“lacking, without”). Cognate with Old High German ā- (“without, un-”).

inh

without, lacking (usually forms nouns or adjectives)


geond-

Middle English: yond-

ġeondfaran

ġeondbrǣdan

ġeonddrenċan

beyond, exceeding; entirely; excessively

ġeondeardian

expressing duration or continuation; throughout, through

ġeondflōwan


regn-

From Proto-Germanic *raginą. Akin to Old Saxon regin-, Old High German ragin-, regin- (compound found in personal names), Old Norse ragn-, rǫgn-, regin (“the Powers (ie. the gods)”), Old English reġnian, rēnian (“to prepare, arrange, order”), Gothic 𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌽 (raginōn, “to rule”), 𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐍃 (ragineis, “ruler”), 𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌽 (ragin, “ordinance, counsel”). More at riht.

reġnheard

reġnweard

reġnþēof

reġnmeld


-estre

-estre (nominative singular)
-estran (nominative plural)
-estran (accusative singular)
-estran (accusative plural)
-estran (genitive singular)
-estrena (genitive plural)
-estran (dative singular)
-estrum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: -estere, -ester, -estre, -ister, -istre, -star, -stare, -ster, -stere, -uster, -ysstere
English: -ster
⇒ English: -stress
Scots: -ster

From Proto-West Germanic *-astrijā, feminine agent suffix equivalent to *-ārī (> -ere).

bæcestre (“female baker”); sangestre (“female singer”); webbestre (“female weaver”)

female agent suffix, especially denoting one who is skilled in a particular occupation or craft


-wierþe

English: stalwart

Derived from Proto-West Germanic *wirþī, from Proto-Germanic *wirþijaz (“worthy, worth”).

der

stēorwierþe

stǣlwierþe

bōtwierþe

notwierþe


utan-

From ūtan (“outside”), oblique case of ūta (“outside, exterior”). More at ūt-.

ūtanweard

ūtancymen

ūtacund

ūtanbordes


ymbe

Middle English: umbe, embe
Scots: umbe-

From Proto-West Germanic *umbi (“around, near”), akin to Old High German umbi (“around”), Latin ambi (“both, around”), Ancient Greek ἀμφί (amphí, “on both sides, around”), Old Irish imb, Old English bī (“near, by”). More at by.

cog

Anglo-Saxon Version of The Holy Gospels
And Iohannes wæs ġescryd mid oluendes hǣrum, and fellen gyrdel wæs ymbe his lendenu; and gærstapan, and wudu huniġ hē æt.

John wore clothing made of camel’s hair, with a leather belt around his waist, and he ate locusts and wild honey.

Anglo-Saxon Version of The Holy Gospels
And Hierusalem, and fram Idumea and beġeondan Iordane, and to him com mycel meneġeo, ymbe Tirum and Sidone, ġehyrende ða þing ðe he worhte.
And Jerusalem, and from Idumæa and beyond Jordan, and to him came many people, around Tyre and Sidon, when they had heard about the things he did.

Anglo-Saxon Version of The Holy Gospels
And ða se Hælend eft on scype ferde ofer ðone muþan, him com to mycel meniġu, and wæs ymbe ða sæ.

And Jesus entered into a ship and sat in the sea; and there a great multitude gathered unto him; and was around the sea.


ut-

Middle English: ut-, out-

English: out-

Scots: oot-

From Proto-Germanic *ūt-, from Proto-Germanic *ūt (“out”), from Proto-Indo-European *úd (“away; out; outwards; upwards”). Akin to Old Frisian ūt-, Old Norse út-, Gothic 𐌿𐍄- (ut-, “out”).


wiþ-

desc

Middle English: wid-, vid-, vith-, with-

English: with-

Scots: with-

From Proto-West Germanic *wiþi-, from Proto-Germanic *wiþi-, related to Old English wiþ (“against”). Cognate with Old Frisian with-, Old Saxon with-, Old Norse við-.

wiþhabban

wiþcēosan

wiþhogian

wiþfaran

wiþferian

wiþheardan

completely, fully, entirely (perfective prefix)


tweo

twēo (canonical masculine)
twēo (nominative singular)
twēon (nominative plural)
twēon (accusative singular)
twēon (accusative plural)
twēon (genitive singular)
twēona (genitive plural)
twēon (dative singular)
twēom (dative plural)
twēoum (dative plural)

Middle English: tweon, twene

From Proto-West Germanic *twihō (“doubt”).


-leas

-lēas (canonical)
-lēas (masculine nominative singular)
-lēas (feminine nominative singular)
-lēas (neuter nominative singular)
-lēasne (accusative masculine singular)
-lēase (accusative feminine singular)
-lēas (accusative neuter singular)
-lēases (genitive masculine singular)
-lēasre (feminine genitive singular)
-lēases (genitive neuter singular)
-lēasum (dative masculine singular)
-lēasre (dative feminine singular)
-lēasum (dative neuter singular)
-lēase (instrumental masculine singular)
-lēasre (feminine instrumental singular)
-lēase (instrumental neuter singular)
-lēase (masculine nominative plural)
-lēasa (feminine nominative plural)
-lēase (feminine nominative plural)
-lēas (neuter nominative plural)
-lēase (accusative masculine plural)
-lēasa (accusative feminine plural)
-lēase (accusative feminine plural)
-lēas (accusative neuter plural)
-lēasra (genitive masculine plural)
-lēasra (feminine genitive plural)
-lēasra (genitive neuter plural)
-lēasum (dative masculine plural)
-lēasum (dative feminine plural)
-lēasum (dative neuter plural)
-lēasum (instrumental masculine plural)
-lēasum (feminine instrumental plural)
-lēasum (instrumental neuter plural)
-lēasa (masculine nominative singular)
-lēase (feminine nominative singular)
-lēase (neuter nominative singular)
-lēasan (accusative masculine singular)
-lēasan (accusative feminine singular)
-lēase (accusative neuter singular)
-lēasan (genitive masculine singular)
-lēasan (feminine genitive singular)
-lēasan (genitive neuter singular)
-lēasan (dative masculine singular)
-lēasan (dative feminine singular)
-lēasan (dative neuter singular)
-lēasan (instrumental masculine singular)
-lēasan (feminine instrumental singular)
-lēasan (instrumental neuter singular)
-lēasan (masculine nominative plural)
-lēasan (feminine nominative plural)
-lēasan (neuter nominative plural)
-lēasan (accusative masculine plural)
-lēasan (accusative feminine plural)
-lēasan (accusative neuter plural)
-lēasra (genitive masculine plural)
-lēasena (genitive masculine plural)
-lēasra (feminine genitive plural)
-lēasena (feminine genitive plural)
-lēasra (genitive neuter plural)
-lēasena (genitive neuter plural)
-lēasum (dative masculine plural)
-lēasum (dative feminine plural)
-lēasum (dative neuter plural)
-lēasum (instrumental masculine plural)
-lēasum (feminine instrumental plural)
-lēasum (instrumental neuter plural)

desctree

Middle English: -les, -las, -lasse, -læs, -leas, -lease, -leæs, -lese, -lesse, -lez, -lies, -liese, -lis, -lise, -lyas, -lyese
English: -less
Scots: -less

From lēas (“false, devoid of, free from, without”).


bocstæf

bōcstæf (canonical masculine)
bōcstæf (nominative singular)
bōcstafas (nominative plural)
bōcstæf (accusative singular)
bōcstafas (accusative plural)
bōcstæfes (genitive singular)
bōcstafa (genitive plural)
bōcstæfe (dative singular)
bōcstafum (dative plural)

Middle English: bocstaff

English: bookstave, bookstaff

From Proto-Germanic *bōkastabaz, corresponding to bōc (“book”) + stæf (“staff”). Compare German Buchstabe.


-cund

-cund (masculine nominative singular)
-cund (feminine nominative singular)
-cund (neuter nominative singular)
-cundne (accusative masculine singular)
-cunde (accusative feminine singular)
-cund (accusative neuter singular)
-cundes (genitive masculine singular)
-cundre (feminine genitive singular)
-cundes (genitive neuter singular)
-cundum (dative masculine singular)
-cundre (dative feminine singular)
-cundum (dative neuter singular)
-cunde (instrumental masculine singular)
-cundre (feminine instrumental singular)
-cunde (instrumental neuter singular)
-cunde (masculine nominative plural)
-cunda (feminine nominative plural)
-cunde (feminine nominative plural)
-cund (neuter nominative plural)
-cunde (accusative masculine plural)
-cunda (accusative feminine plural)
-cunde (accusative feminine plural)
-cund (accusative neuter plural)
-cundra (genitive masculine plural)
-cundra (feminine genitive plural)
-cundra (genitive neuter plural)
-cundum (dative masculine plural)
-cundum (dative feminine plural)
-cundum (dative neuter plural)
-cundum (instrumental masculine plural)
-cundum (feminine instrumental plural)
-cundum (instrumental neuter plural)
-cunda (masculine nominative singular)
-cunde (feminine nominative singular)
-cunde (neuter nominative singular)
-cundan (accusative masculine singular)
-cundan (accusative feminine singular)
-cunde (accusative neuter singular)
-cundan (genitive masculine singular)
-cundan (feminine genitive singular)
-cundan (genitive neuter singular)
-cundan (dative masculine singular)
-cundan (dative feminine singular)
-cundan (dative neuter singular)
-cundan (instrumental masculine singular)
-cundan (feminine instrumental singular)
-cundan (instrumental neuter singular)
-cundan (masculine nominative plural)
-cundan (feminine nominative plural)
-cundan (neuter nominative plural)
-cundan (accusative masculine plural)
-cundan (accusative feminine plural)
-cundan (accusative neuter plural)
-cundra (genitive masculine plural)
-cundena (genitive masculine plural)
-cundra (feminine genitive plural)
-cundena (feminine genitive plural)
-cundra (genitive neuter plural)
-cundena (genitive neuter plural)
-cundum (dative masculine plural)
-cundum (dative feminine plural)
-cundum (dative neuter plural)
-cundum (instrumental masculine plural)
-cundum (feminine instrumental plural)
-cundum (instrumental neuter plural)

Middle English: -cund

From Proto-Germanic *kundaz (“born, natured”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₁tós. Cognate with Old Norse -kundr, Gothic -𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌳𐍃 (-kunds).

inh

æþele (“noble”) + -cund → æþelcund (“of noble birth”)

eorþ (“Earth”) + -cund → eorþcund (“earthly”)

feorran (“from far away”) + -cund → feorrancund (“come from afar”)

god (“god”) + -cund → godcund (“divine, god-like”)

suffix denoting origin, derivation, or likeness


orlæg

orlæġ (canonical neuter)
orlæġ (nominative singular)
orlagu (nominative plural)
orlæġ (accusative singular)
orlagu (accusative plural)
orlæġes (genitive singular)
orlaga (genitive plural)
orlæġe (dative singular)
orlagum (dative plural)

→ English: orlay (learned)

From Proto-Germanic *uzlagą (“fate”), equivalent to or- (“original, fundamental”) + læġ (“that which is laid, law”). Compare Old Norse ørlǫg, Icelandic örlög, Dutch oorlog.


orgol

orgol (nominative singular)
orgele (nominative plural)
orgle (nominative plural)
orgol (accusative singular)
orgele (accusative plural)
orgle (accusative plural)
orgele (genitive singular)
orgle (genitive singular)
orgela (genitive plural)
orgla (genitive plural)
orgele (dative singular)
orgle (dative singular)
orgelum (dative plural)
orglum (dative plural)

Middle English: orgel, orgul

From Proto-West Germanic *uʀgōllju (“pride, arrogance”).

inh

Wulfst. 148, 32.
Hwǽr is heora prass and orgol búton on moldan beþeaht and on wítum gecyrred? ― (please add an English translation of this quotation)

O. E. Homl. ii. 43, 17.
Woreldes richeise wecheð orgel on mannes heorte. ― World's riches raise pride in man's heart.

Angl. xi. 98, 28.
Ic ondette . . . unnyttes gylpes bígong, and ídle glengas, uncyste and ídelre oferhygde orgello, ― (please add an English translation of this quotation)


-oc

desctree

Middle English: -ok, -oc, -ock, -oq, -og, -uc, -uk, -uck, -ek, -ak, -ke, -k (rare), -ek
English: -ock
Scots: -ock, -ockie
Yola: -ok, -uck, -ick

From Proto-West Germanic *-uk, from Proto-Germanic *-ukaz, *-ikaz. Akin to Old Saxon -ik-, Middle Low German -ken, Middle Dutch -kin. More at English -kin.

rudduc

ruddock, robin (literally, “little red one”)

noun suffix used to form descriptive names from adjectives

bealluc

bulluc

buttuc


-sum

-sum (masculine nominative singular)
-sumu (feminine nominative singular)
-sumo (feminine nominative singular)
-sum (neuter nominative singular)
-sumne (accusative masculine singular)
-sume (accusative feminine singular)
-sum (accusative neuter singular)
-sumes (genitive masculine singular)
-sumre (feminine genitive singular)
-sumes (genitive neuter singular)
-sumum (dative masculine singular)
-sumre (dative feminine singular)
-sumum (dative neuter singular)
-sume (instrumental masculine singular)
-sumre (feminine instrumental singular)
-sume (instrumental neuter singular)
-sume (masculine nominative plural)
-suma (feminine nominative plural)
-sume (feminine nominative plural)
-sumu (neuter nominative plural)
-sumo (neuter nominative plural)
-sume (accusative masculine plural)
-suma (accusative feminine plural)
-sume (accusative feminine plural)
-sumu (accusative neuter plural)
-sumo (accusative neuter plural)
-sumra (genitive masculine plural)
-sumra (feminine genitive plural)
-sumra (genitive neuter plural)
-sumum (dative masculine plural)
-sumum (dative feminine plural)
-sumum (dative neuter plural)
-sumum (instrumental masculine plural)
-sumum (feminine instrumental plural)
-sumum (instrumental neuter plural)
-suma (masculine nominative singular)
-sume (feminine nominative singular)
-sume (neuter nominative singular)
-suman (accusative masculine singular)
-suman (accusative feminine singular)
-sume (accusative neuter singular)
-suman (genitive masculine singular)
-suman (feminine genitive singular)
-suman (genitive neuter singular)
-suman (dative masculine singular)
-suman (dative feminine singular)
-suman (dative neuter singular)
-suman (instrumental masculine singular)
-suman (feminine instrumental singular)
-suman (instrumental neuter singular)
-suman (masculine nominative plural)
-suman (feminine nominative plural)
-suman (neuter nominative plural)
-suman (accusative masculine plural)
-suman (accusative feminine plural)
-suman (accusative neuter plural)
-sumra (genitive masculine plural)
-sumena (genitive masculine plural)
-sumra (feminine genitive plural)
-sumena (feminine genitive plural)
-sumra (genitive neuter plural)
-sumena (genitive neuter plural)
-sumum (dative masculine plural)
-sumum (dative feminine plural)
-sumum (dative neuter plural)
-sumum (instrumental masculine plural)
-sumum (feminine instrumental plural)
-sumum (instrumental neuter plural)

Middle English: -sum, -som, -some

English: -some

Scots: -some

From Proto-West Germanic *-sam, from Proto-Germanic *-samaz (“same as”). Akin to Old Frisian -sum, Old High German -sam, Old Norse -samr, Gothic -𐍃𐌰𐌼𐍃 (-sams), -𐍃𐌰𐌼𐌰 (-sama, “same as”), Old English sam (“whether, or”), Old English same (“same”).

angsum ― difficult, constricted, āþrotsum ― irksome, ġecwēmsum ― pleasing, pleasant

characterized by some specific condition or quality; same as

wynsum


costian

costian (infinitive)
costienne (infinitive)
costiġe (first-person present singular)
costode (first-person past singular)
costast (present second-person singular)
costodest (past second-person singular)
costaþ (present singular third-person)
costode (past singular third-person)
costiaþ (plural present)
costodon (past plural)
costiġe (present singular)
costode (past singular)
costiġen (plural present)
costoden (past plural)
costa (imperative past present singular)
costiaþ (imperative past plural present)
costiende (imperative present)
costod (imperative past)
ġecostod (imperative past)

Middle English: costnen, costnien

English: costen

From Proto-West Germanic *kostōn, from Proto-Germanic *kustōną. Akin to Old Saxon kostōn (“to try, tempt”), Old High German kostōn (“to taste, test, try by tasting”) (German kosten), Icelandic kosta (“to try, tempt”), Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽 (kausjan, “to taste”), Old English cost (“option, possibility; manner, condition”), Old English cystan (“to spend, get the value of, procure”), Old English cyst (“proof, test, trial; choice”), ċēosan (“to choose”). More at choose.


lage

inflection of lagu (“law”):
accusative/genitive/dative singular

inflection of lagu (“law”):
nominative/accusative plural


smeagan

smēaġan (canonical)
smēaġan (infinitive)
smēaġenne (infinitive)
smēaġe (first-person present singular)
smēaġde (first-person past singular)
smēaġest (present second-person singular)
smēaġst (present second-person singular)
smēaġdest (past second-person singular)
smēaġeþ (present singular third-person)
smēaġþ (present singular third-person)
smēaġde (past singular third-person)
smēaġaþ (plural present)
smēaġdon (past plural)
smēaġe (present singular)
smēaġde (past singular)
smēaġen (plural present)
smēaġden (past plural)
smēaġ (imperative past present singular)
smēaġaþ (imperative past plural present)
smēaġende (imperative present)
smēaġed (imperative past)
ġesmēaġed (imperative past)

desc

Middle English: smeagen, smegen, smeaȝen, smean

From Proto-West Germanic *smaugijan, from Proto-Germanic *smaugijaną. Compare smēag (“penetrating, acute, subtle, effective, clever”), from Proto-Germanic *smaugaz (“slimy, slippery, slick”). Akin to Old English smūgan (“to creep, progress gradually or deliberately”), Old Norse smjúga (“to creep”) (> Danish smyge), Old English smyġel (“a burrow, place to creep into”).

cog

c. 992, Ælfric, "The Nativity of St. Andrew the Apostle"
Smēaġað nu hú Drihten mancynne ætbræd wuldor, þæt hé him wuldor forgeafe.

Consider now how the Lord took glory away from mankind, that he might give them glory.

And þa ferdon ða pharisei ⁊ ongunnon mid him smeagean ⁊ tacen of heofone sohton ⁊ his fandedon;

And the Pharisees came forth, and began to question with him, seeking of him a sign from heaven, tempting him. (KJV)

Lindisfarne Gospels, Mark 9:16

And he asked them, What question ye among yourselves?

Þa ahsode he hi, hwæt smeage ge betwux eow;


cepe

first-person singular present indicative

inflection of cēpan:
singular present subjunctive


andettan

andettan (infinitive)
andettenne (infinitive)
andette (first-person present singular)
andette (first-person past singular)
andetst (present second-person singular)
andettest (past second-person singular)
andett (present singular third-person)
andet (present singular third-person)
andette (past singular third-person)
andettaþ (plural present)
andetton (past plural)
andette (present singular)
andette (past singular)
andetten (plural present)
andetten (past plural)
andete (imperative past present singular)
andettaþ (imperative past plural present)
andettende (imperative present)
andeted (imperative past)
andett (imperative past)
andet (imperative past)

From Proto-West Germanic *andhaitan, from Proto-Germanic *andahaitaną, equivalent to and- (“against, back”) + hātan (“to command, promise”). Cognate with Old Saxon andhētan (“to teach, vow, promise”), Old High German antheizan (“to declare, pledge, promise”), Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (andhaitan, “to acknowledge, confess”).

cog

c. 992, Ælfric, "On the Nativity of our Lord"
Eala hú rihtlice hí andetton þone halgan geleafan mid þisum wordum, "On frymðe wæs wórd, and þæt word wæs mid Gode, and þæt wórd wæs God"!

O how rightly they acknowledged the holy faith with these words, "In the beginning was the word, and the word was with God, and that word was God"!

c. 992, Ælfric, "On the Nativity of our Lord"
Þa ferde Ioseph, Cristes foster-fæder, fram Galileiscum earde, of ðære byrig Nazareð, to Iudeiscre byrig, seo wæs Dauides, and wæs geciged Bethleém, forðan ðe hé wæs of Dauides mægðe, and wolde andettan mid Marían hire gebyrde, þe wæs þa gýt bearn-eaca.

Then Joseph, the foster-father of Christ, went from the land of Galilee, from the city of Nazareth, to the Jewish city, which was of David, and was called Bethlehem, because he was of the tribe of David, and would acknowledge with Mary her birth, who was then great with child.

to give thanks for, praise, give recognition to


-unga

From -ung, noun suffix + -a, adverbial suffix.

fǣringa

wēninga

healfunga

by halves, partially, to some extent, imperfectly

hōlunga

used to form adverbs nouns, originally from verbal nouns

fullunga

dearnunga

hwæthwegununges, hwæthuguningas (“somewhat”, adverb)

ġēanunga

used to create adverbs from prepositions


bysen

bȳsen (canonical feminine)
bȳsen (nominative singular)
bȳsna (nominative plural)
bȳsne (nominative plural)
bȳsne (accusative singular)
bȳsna (accusative plural)
bȳsne (accusative plural)
bȳsne (genitive singular)
bȳsna (genitive plural)
bȳsne (dative singular)
bȳsnum (dative plural)


fram-

From fram (“forward, from, out of”). More at from.

framfær

framdōn

framānȳdan

framāstyrian

from, forth, away, out, out of (compare Latin ex-, dē)


-iht

From Proto-West Germanic *-aht. Akin to Old Saxon -aht, Old High German -aht (German -icht), Icelandic -óttr, Old English -iġ.

stāniht, stǣniht (“stony, rocky”)

having, bearing, possessing; occasionally causes i-mutation of preceding vowels

ifiht

bogiht

sceadiht

characterized by; full of, covered with; equivalent to -ous


forebisen

forebīsen (canonical feminine)
forebīsen (nominative singular)
forebīsena (nominative plural)
forebīsene (nominative plural)
forebīsene (accusative singular)
forebīsena (accusative plural)
forebīsene (accusative plural)
forebīsene (genitive singular)
forebīsena (genitive plural)
forebīsene (dative singular)
forebīsenum (dative plural)


-þor

-þor (nominative singular)
-þor (nominative plural)
-þor (accusative singular)
-þor (accusative plural)
-þres (genitive singular)
-þra (genitive plural)
-þre (dative singular)
-þrum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *-þr, from Proto-Germanic *-þrą, from Proto-Indo-European *-trom.

rōþor

hafenian (“to hold, to grasp”) → hæf → heaþor (“restraint, confinement”)

instrumental suffix creating neuter nouns from verbs

lēaþor

ġealdor

suffix used to denote the agent or means by which an action is performed