gold

gold (nominative singular)
gold (accusative singular)
goldes (genitive singular)
golde (dative singular)

desctree

Middle English: gold
English: gold
Scots: gowd, goold

From Proto-West Germanic *golþ, from Proto-Germanic *gulþą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰĺ̥tom.

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Chair of Saint Peter"
...Næbbe ic seolfor ne gold, ic þē dō þæt ic hæbbe...

...I have neither silver nor gold, I give thee that I have...


tin

tin (nominative singular)
tin (accusative singular)
tines (genitive singular)
tine (dative singular)

Middle English: tyn, tin, tyne, tynne
English: tin
→ Atong (India): tin
→ Iban: tin
→ Indonesian: tin
→ Norman: tinne
Tok Pisin: tin
Scots: tin


ar

ār (canonical feminine)
ār (nominative singular)
āra (nominative plural)
āre (nominative plural)
āre (accusative singular)
āra (accusative plural)
āre (accusative plural)
āre (genitive singular)
āra (genitive plural)
āre (dative singular)
ārum (dative plural)

desc

Middle English: ore, oore, or, ȝore, aore, are, ære (Early Middle English), ar, are (Northern)

From Proto-West Germanic *aiʀu (“respect, honour”). Cognate with German Ehre.

inh

Exeter Book, The Wanderer
Oft him ānhaga · āre gebīdeð,
Metudes miltse, · þēah þe hē mōdċeariġ
A loner oft waits a grace for himself,

Creator's mercy, even if he is sorrowful


ar

desctree

Middle English: ore, hore, oore, are, aurre (Northern)
English: oar
Scots: air

From Proto-West Germanic *airu (“oar”), from Proto-Germanic *airō (“oar”). Cognate with Old Norse ár, Danish åre, Swedish åra.


ar

ār (canonical masculine)
ār (nominative singular)
āras (nominative plural)
ār (accusative singular)
āras (accusative plural)
āres (genitive singular)
āra (genitive plural)
āre (dative singular)
ārum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *airu (“messenger”), from Proto-Germanic *airuz. Cognate with Old Saxon ēru, Old Norse árr, Gothic 𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌿𐍃 (airus).

Ic eom Hroðgares ar ond ombiht.


rust

English: rust

From Proto-West Germanic *rust, from Proto-Germanic *rustaz (“rust”), from Proto-Indo-European *rudʰso- (“red”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”).


isern

īsern (canonical)
īsern (masculine nominative singular)
īsern (feminine nominative singular)
īsern (neuter nominative singular)
īserne (accusative masculine singular)
īserne (accusative feminine singular)
īsern (accusative neuter singular)
īsernes (genitive masculine singular)
īsernre (feminine genitive singular)
īsernes (genitive neuter singular)
īsernum (dative masculine singular)
īsernre (dative feminine singular)
īsernum (dative neuter singular)
īserne (instrumental masculine singular)
īsernre (feminine instrumental singular)
īserne (instrumental neuter singular)
īserne (masculine nominative plural)
īserna (feminine nominative plural)
īserne (feminine nominative plural)
īsern (neuter nominative plural)
īserne (accusative masculine plural)
īserna (accusative feminine plural)
īserne (accusative feminine plural)
īsern (accusative neuter plural)
īsernra (genitive masculine plural)
īsernra (feminine genitive plural)
īsernra (genitive neuter plural)
īsernum (dative masculine plural)
īsernum (dative feminine plural)
īsernum (dative neuter plural)
īsernum (instrumental masculine plural)
īsernum (feminine instrumental plural)
īsernum (instrumental neuter plural)
īserna (masculine nominative singular)
īserne (feminine nominative singular)
īserne (neuter nominative singular)
īsernan (accusative masculine singular)
īsernan (accusative feminine singular)
īserne (accusative neuter singular)
īsernan (genitive masculine singular)
īsernan (feminine genitive singular)
īsernan (genitive neuter singular)
īsernan (dative masculine singular)
īsernan (dative feminine singular)
īsernan (dative neuter singular)
īsernan (instrumental masculine singular)
īsernan (feminine instrumental singular)
īsernan (instrumental neuter singular)
īsernan (masculine nominative plural)
īsernan (feminine nominative plural)
īsernan (neuter nominative plural)
īsernan (accusative masculine plural)
īsernan (accusative feminine plural)
īsernan (accusative neuter plural)
īsernra (genitive masculine plural)
īsernena (genitive masculine plural)
īsernra (feminine genitive plural)
īsernena (feminine genitive plural)
īsernra (genitive neuter plural)
īsernena (genitive neuter plural)
īsernum (dative masculine plural)
īsernum (dative feminine plural)
īsernum (dative neuter plural)
īsernum (instrumental masculine plural)
īsernum (feminine instrumental plural)
īsernum (instrumental neuter plural)

Middle English: iren, eren, irne, iron, isen
English: iron
→ Marshallese: aen
Scots: airn, ern, irne
Yola: eeren

From Proto-West Germanic *īsarn, from Proto-Germanic *īsarną.
Cognates
Cognates include Old Frisian īsern (West Frisian izer), Old Saxon īsarn (Low German Iesen), Old Dutch *īsarn (Dutch ijzer), Old High German īsarn (German Eisen), Old Norse járn (Swedish järn), Gothic 𐌴𐌹𐍃𐌰𐍂𐌽 (eisarn), Old Irish īärn (Irish iarann, Welsh haearn).

late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
⁊ hæfdon ġeleornad mā cræfta hū hīe þā elpendas beswīcan mehton, mid þǣm þæt hīe nāmon trēowu, ⁊ slōgon on oþerne ende moniġe sċearpe īsene næġlas, ⁊ hīe mid flexe bewundon, ⁊ onbǣrndon hit, ⁊ beþyddan hit þonne on þone elpend hindan...

And they had learned more tricks through which they could ensnare the elephants; they took stakes and drove into the other end many sharp iron nails, and wrapped them in flax, and set them on fire, and then thrust them into the elephant from behind...


seolfor

seolfor (nominative singular)
seolfor (nominative plural)
seolfor (accusative singular)
seolfor (accusative plural)
seolfres (genitive singular)
seolfra (genitive plural)
seolfre (dative singular)
seolfrum (dative plural)

Middle English: silver, selver, seolver, sulver, sylver
English: silver
Jamaican Creole: silva
→ Maori: hiriwa
→ Zulu: isiliva
Scots: silver, siller

From Proto-West Germanic *silubr, whence also Old High German silbar, Old Norse silfr.


gylden

gylden (masculine nominative singular)
gyldenu (feminine nominative singular)
gyldnu (feminine nominative singular)
gyldeno (feminine nominative singular)
gyldno (feminine nominative singular)
gylden (neuter nominative singular)
gyldenne (accusative masculine singular)
gyldene (accusative feminine singular)
gyldne (accusative feminine singular)
gylden (accusative neuter singular)
gyldenes (genitive masculine singular)
gyldnes (genitive masculine singular)
gyldenre (feminine genitive singular)
gyldenes (genitive neuter singular)
gyldnes (genitive neuter singular)
gyldenum (dative masculine singular)
gyldnum (dative masculine singular)
gyldenre (dative feminine singular)
gyldenum (dative neuter singular)
gyldnum (dative neuter singular)
gyldene (instrumental masculine singular)
gyldne (instrumental masculine singular)
gyldenre (feminine instrumental singular)
gyldene (instrumental neuter singular)
gyldne (instrumental neuter singular)
gyldene (masculine nominative plural)
gyldne (masculine nominative plural)
gyldena (feminine nominative plural)
gyldna (feminine nominative plural)
gyldene (feminine nominative plural)
gyldne (feminine nominative plural)
gyldenu (neuter nominative plural)
gyldnu (neuter nominative plural)
gyldeno (neuter nominative plural)
gyldno (neuter nominative plural)
gyldene (accusative masculine plural)
gyldne (accusative masculine plural)
gyldena (accusative feminine plural)
gyldna (accusative feminine plural)
gyldene (accusative feminine plural)
gyldne (accusative feminine plural)
gyldenu (accusative neuter plural)
gyldnu (accusative neuter plural)
gyldeno (accusative neuter plural)
gyldno (accusative neuter plural)
gyldenra (genitive masculine plural)
gyldenra (feminine genitive plural)
gyldenra (genitive neuter plural)
gyldenum (dative masculine plural)
gyldnum (dative masculine plural)
gyldenum (dative feminine plural)
gyldnum (dative feminine plural)
gyldenum (dative neuter plural)
gyldnum (dative neuter plural)
gyldenum (instrumental masculine plural)
gyldnum (instrumental masculine plural)
gyldenum (feminine instrumental plural)
gyldnum (feminine instrumental plural)
gyldenum (instrumental neuter plural)
gyldnum (instrumental neuter plural)
gyldena (masculine nominative singular)
gyldna (masculine nominative singular)
gyldene (feminine nominative singular)
gyldne (feminine nominative singular)
gyldene (neuter nominative singular)
gyldne (neuter nominative singular)
gyldenan (accusative masculine singular)
gyldnan (accusative masculine singular)
gyldenan (accusative feminine singular)
gyldnan (accusative feminine singular)
gyldene (accusative neuter singular)
gyldne (accusative neuter singular)
gyldenan (genitive masculine singular)
gyldnan (genitive masculine singular)
gyldenan (feminine genitive singular)
gyldnan (feminine genitive singular)
gyldenan (genitive neuter singular)
gyldnan (genitive neuter singular)
gyldenan (dative masculine singular)
gyldnan (dative masculine singular)
gyldenan (dative feminine singular)
gyldnan (dative feminine singular)
gyldenan (dative neuter singular)
gyldnan (dative neuter singular)
gyldenan (instrumental masculine singular)
gyldnan (instrumental masculine singular)
gyldenan (feminine instrumental singular)
gyldnan (feminine instrumental singular)
gyldenan (instrumental neuter singular)
gyldnan (instrumental neuter singular)
gyldenan (masculine nominative plural)
gyldnan (masculine nominative plural)
gyldenan (feminine nominative plural)
gyldnan (feminine nominative plural)
gyldenan (neuter nominative plural)
gyldnan (neuter nominative plural)
gyldenan (accusative masculine plural)
gyldnan (accusative masculine plural)
gyldenan (accusative feminine plural)
gyldnan (accusative feminine plural)
gyldenan (accusative neuter plural)
gyldnan (accusative neuter plural)
gyldenra (genitive masculine plural)
gyldenena (genitive masculine plural)
gyldnena (genitive masculine plural)
gyldenra (feminine genitive plural)
gyldenena (feminine genitive plural)
gyldnena (feminine genitive plural)
gyldenra (genitive neuter plural)
gyldenena (genitive neuter plural)
gyldnena (genitive neuter plural)
gyldenum (dative masculine plural)
gyldnum (dative masculine plural)
gyldenum (dative feminine plural)
gyldnum (dative feminine plural)
gyldenum (dative neuter plural)
gyldnum (dative neuter plural)
gyldenum (instrumental masculine plural)
gyldnum (instrumental masculine plural)
gyldenum (feminine instrumental plural)
gyldnum (feminine instrumental plural)
gyldenum (instrumental neuter plural)
gyldnum (instrumental neuter plural)

Middle English: gilden, gylden

q

after <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">gold</i>

English: gilden (archaic), golden (after gold)

From Proto-West Germanic *gulþīn, equivalent to gold + -en. Cognate with Old Frisian gelden, Old Saxon guldin, Old High German guldīn, Old Norse gullinn.

late 9th century, translation of Orosius' History Against the Pagans
Be þām hringum man meahte witan hwæt Rōmāna duguþe ġefeallen wæs, for þon þe hit wæs þēaw mid him on þām dagum þæt nān ōðer ne mōste gyldenne hring werian būtan hē æðeles cynnes wǣre.

You could tell by the rings how much of the Roman nobility had fallen, because the custom back then was that no one could wear a gold ring unless they were from a noble family.


goldfah

goldfāh (canonical)
goldfāh (masculine nominative singular)
goldfāh (feminine nominative singular)
goldfāh (neuter nominative singular)
goldfāgne (accusative masculine singular)
goldfāge (accusative feminine singular)
goldfāh (accusative neuter singular)
goldfāges (genitive masculine singular)
goldfāgre (feminine genitive singular)
goldfāges (genitive neuter singular)
goldfāgum (dative masculine singular)
goldfāgre (dative feminine singular)
goldfāgum (dative neuter singular)
goldfāge (instrumental masculine singular)
goldfāgre (feminine instrumental singular)
goldfāge (instrumental neuter singular)
goldfāge (masculine nominative plural)
goldfāga (feminine nominative plural)
goldfāge (feminine nominative plural)
goldfāh (neuter nominative plural)
goldfāge (accusative masculine plural)
goldfāga (accusative feminine plural)
goldfāge (accusative feminine plural)
goldfāh (accusative neuter plural)
goldfāgra (genitive masculine plural)
goldfāgra (feminine genitive plural)
goldfāgra (genitive neuter plural)
goldfāgum (dative masculine plural)
goldfāgum (dative feminine plural)
goldfāgum (dative neuter plural)
goldfāgum (instrumental masculine plural)
goldfāgum (feminine instrumental plural)
goldfāgum (instrumental neuter plural)
goldfāga (masculine nominative singular)
goldfāge (feminine nominative singular)
goldfāge (neuter nominative singular)
goldfāgan (accusative masculine singular)
goldfāgan (accusative feminine singular)
goldfāge (accusative neuter singular)
goldfāgan (genitive masculine singular)
goldfāgan (feminine genitive singular)
goldfāgan (genitive neuter singular)
goldfāgan (dative masculine singular)
goldfāgan (dative feminine singular)
goldfāgan (dative neuter singular)
goldfāgan (instrumental masculine singular)
goldfāgan (feminine instrumental singular)
goldfāgan (instrumental neuter singular)
goldfāgan (masculine nominative plural)
goldfāgan (feminine nominative plural)
goldfāgan (neuter nominative plural)
goldfāgan (accusative masculine plural)
goldfāgan (accusative feminine plural)
goldfāgan (accusative neuter plural)
goldfāgra (genitive masculine plural)
goldfāgena (genitive masculine plural)
goldfāgra (feminine genitive plural)
goldfāgena (feminine genitive plural)
goldfāgra (genitive neuter plural)
goldfāgena (genitive neuter plural)
goldfāgum (dative masculine plural)
goldfāgum (dative feminine plural)
goldfāgum (dative neuter plural)
goldfāgum (instrumental masculine plural)
goldfāgum (feminine instrumental plural)
goldfāgum (instrumental neuter plural)

[ˈɡoɫdˌfɑːx]


bloma

blōma (canonical masculine)
blōman (nominative plural)
blōma (nominative singular)
blōman (nominative plural)
blōman (accusative singular)
blōman (accusative plural)
blōman (genitive singular)
blōmena (genitive plural)
blōman (dative singular)
blōmum (dative plural)

Middle English: blome

English: bloom

Unknown, but probably a secondary sense to unrecorded *blōma (“flower”), from Proto-West Germanic *blōmō, from Proto-Germanic *blōmô.

unk

Unknown

Īsenes blōma

(metallurgy) The (mass of) metal extracted from the ore; lump, mass


mæsling

mæsling (nominative plural)
mæsling (nominative singular)
mæsling (nominative plural)
mæsling (accusative singular)
mæsling (accusative plural)
mæslinges (genitive singular)
mæslinga (genitive plural)
mæslinge (dative singular)
mæslingum (dative plural)

desc

Middle English: mestling, maslyn, mastelyn, mastling, meslin

English: maslin

From earlier *mæssing, from Proto-West Germanic *massing, altered by -ling and an intrusive -t-.


bræs

bræs (nominative singular)
brasu (nominative plural)
bræs (accusative singular)
brasu (accusative plural)
bræses (genitive singular)
brasa (genitive plural)
bræse (dative singular)
brasum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: bras, braas, brace, brass, brasse, bres
English: brass
Scots: bress
→ Irish: prás
→ Scottish Gaelic: pràis

Origin uncertain. Perhaps representing a backformation from Proto-Germanic *brasnaz (“brazen”), from or related to Proto-Germanic *brasō (“fire, pyre”). Compare Old Frisian bress (“copper”).


cwicseolfor

cwicseolfor (nominative singular)
cwicseolfor (accusative singular)
cwicseolfres (genitive singular)
cwicseolfre (dative singular)

desc

Middle English: quyk silver, quikselver, quyksilver

English: quicksilver

From cwic + seolfor. Compare Latin argentum vivum.


copor

copor (nominative singular)
coporu (nominative plural)
copor (accusative singular)
coporu (accusative plural)
copores (genitive singular)
copora (genitive plural)
copore (dative singular)
coporum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: coper
English: copper
→ Maori: kapa
→ Shona: kopa
Scots: coper, copper
→ Cornish: kober
→ Irish: copar
→ Manx: cobbyr
→ Scottish Gaelic: copar
→ Welsh: copor

→ Old Norse: koparr

Icelandic: kopar

Faroese: kopar

Norwegian Nynorsk: kopar

Old Danish: kopær

Danish: kobber

Norwegian Bokmål: kobber

Old Swedish: koppar, kopar

Swedish: koppar

→ Finnish: kupari

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *kopr.


goldmæstling

goldmæstling (nominative singular)
goldmæstling (nominative plural)
goldmæstling (accusative singular)
goldmæstling (accusative plural)
goldmæstlinges (genitive singular)
goldmæstlinga (genitive plural)
goldmæstlinge (dative singular)
goldmæstlingum (dative plural)

Middle English: goldmessing

From Proto-West Germanic *golþamassing. Equivalent to gold (“gold”) + mæstling, mæsling (“brass”).


stiele

stīele (canonical neuter)
stīele (nominative singular)
stīele (accusative singular)
stīeles (genitive singular)
stīele (dative singular)

desctree

Middle English: stele, stel, stelle, steole, steyle, stiele, style
English: steel
→ Maori: tīra
Scots: stele, steill
Yola: stheel

From Proto-West Germanic *stahlī (“steel weapon”), derived from Proto-Germanic *stahlą (“steel”).


anfilt

desctree

Middle English: anvelt, andefeld, anefeld, anevelte, anfeeld, anfelde, anvyll, anvyld, anvylt, unfelde
English: anvil


gyldingwecg

By surface analysis, gylden (“golden”) + weċġ (“mass of metal”)