freo

frēo (canonical)
frēo (masculine nominative singular)
frēo (feminine nominative singular)
frēo (neuter nominative singular)
frēone (accusative masculine singular)
frēo (accusative feminine singular)
frēo (accusative neuter singular)
frēos (genitive masculine singular)
frēore (feminine genitive singular)
frēos (genitive neuter singular)
frēom (dative masculine singular)
frēoum (dative masculine singular)
frēore (dative feminine singular)
frēom (dative neuter singular)
frēoum (dative neuter singular)
frēo (instrumental masculine singular)
frēore (feminine instrumental singular)
frēo (instrumental neuter singular)
frēo (masculine nominative plural)
frēo (feminine nominative plural)
frēo (neuter nominative plural)
frēo (accusative masculine plural)
frēo (accusative feminine plural)
frēo (accusative neuter plural)
frēora (genitive masculine plural)
frēora (feminine genitive plural)
frēora (genitive neuter plural)
frēom (dative masculine plural)
frēoum (dative masculine plural)
frēom (dative feminine plural)
frēoum (dative feminine plural)
frēom (dative neuter plural)
frēoum (dative neuter plural)
frēom (instrumental masculine plural)
frēoum (instrumental masculine plural)
frēom (feminine instrumental plural)
frēoum (feminine instrumental plural)
frēom (instrumental neuter plural)
frēoum (instrumental neuter plural)
frēo (masculine nominative singular)
frēo (feminine nominative singular)
frēo (neuter nominative singular)
frēon (accusative masculine singular)
frēon (accusative feminine singular)
frēo (accusative neuter singular)
frēon (genitive masculine singular)
frēon (feminine genitive singular)
frēon (genitive neuter singular)
frēon (dative masculine singular)
frēon (dative feminine singular)
frēon (dative neuter singular)
frēon (instrumental masculine singular)
frēon (feminine instrumental singular)
frēon (instrumental neuter singular)
frēon (masculine nominative plural)
frēon (feminine nominative plural)
frēon (neuter nominative plural)
frēon (accusative masculine plural)
frēon (accusative feminine plural)
frēon (accusative neuter plural)
frēora (genitive masculine plural)
frēona (genitive masculine plural)
frēora (feminine genitive plural)
frēona (feminine genitive plural)
frēora (genitive neuter plural)
frēona (genitive neuter plural)
frēom (dative masculine plural)
frēoum (dative masculine plural)
frēom (dative feminine plural)
frēoum (dative feminine plural)
frēom (dative neuter plural)
frēoum (dative neuter plural)
frēom (instrumental masculine plural)
frēoum (instrumental masculine plural)
frēom (feminine instrumental plural)
frēoum (feminine instrumental plural)
frēom (instrumental neuter plural)
frēoum (instrumental neuter plural)

Middle English: fre, vri, vry

English: free

→ Fiji Hindi: firii

Scots: fre

From Proto-West Germanic *friu, a byform of *frī. The transmission of this word was complex. The Proto-Germanic form must have been *frijwaz. After loss of final *-az and syllabification of *-w, the resulting West-Germanic form was *friju, which developed further to *frīju after gemination and vocalization of *j between *i and another *j. The sequence *iju, *īju then contracts to *iu, yielding a final form *friu (cf. Proto-West Germanic *friund, from *frijōndz), which develops normally to Old English frīo, frēo. The oblique forms should however have retained *-j- in all instances in which it was not followed by *u, yielding an alternation between frīo and frīġ- throughout the paradigm. This alternation, though sparsely attested in the Old English corpus, was too irregular to have been maintained for long and was eventually levelled away in all dialects in favor either of the diphthongal nominative or the oblique forms in -ġ-. Note also that *w was deleted between *īj and any front vowel, thus explaining its absence in certain oblique forms such as frīġes, from earlier /ˈfriːj.wæs/. See Hogg 1992 sections 3.17, 3.19(3), 4.7, and 4.9(1) for details.

c. 700 Cædmon, Metrical Paraphrase
Ða wearþ worn afeded freora bearna

then a number of noble children were brought forth.


maga

māga (canonical masculine)
māga (nominative singular)
māgan (nominative plural)
māgan (accusative singular)
māgan (accusative plural)
māgan (genitive singular)
māgena (genitive plural)
māgan (dative singular)
māgum (dative plural)

i

merged with descendant of Old English <i class="Latn mention" lang="ang">mǣġ</i>

Middle English: maȝe, mæȝe, mæi, mei, mey (merged with descendant of Old English mǣġ)

English: may (“kinsman”) (obsolete)

From Proto-West Germanic *māg.
Cognates
Cognate with Old Frisian mēch (“relative, kinsman”), Old Saxon māg (“a relation”), Old High German māg (“relative, kinsman”), Old Norse mágr (“father-in-law”), Gothic 𐌼𐌴𐌲𐍃 (mēgs, “son-in-law”). More at may.


mæg

mǣġ (canonical feminine)
mǣġ (nominative singular)
mǣġa (nominative plural)
mǣġe (nominative plural)
mǣġe (accusative singular)
mǣġa (accusative plural)
mǣġe (accusative plural)
mǣġe (genitive singular)
mǣġa (genitive plural)
mǣġe (dative singular)
mǣġum (dative plural)


fæmne

fǣmne (canonical feminine)
fǣmne (nominative singular)
fǣmnan (nominative plural)
fǣmnan (accusative singular)
fǣmnan (accusative plural)
fǣmnan (genitive singular)
fǣmnena (genitive plural)
fǣmnan (dative singular)
fǣmnum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *faimnijā (“girl”), related to (but not directly cognate with) Old Saxon fēmea, fēhmia, West Frisian faam, Icelandic feima (“maiden”). Unrelated to Latin fēmina (“female, woman”), and probably also to Latin famula (“female servant”).


mægþ

mǣġþ (canonical feminine)
mǣġþ (nominative singular)
mǣġþa (nominative plural)
mǣġþe (nominative plural)
mǣġþe (accusative singular)
mǣġþa (accusative plural)
mǣġþe (accusative plural)
mǣġþe (genitive singular)
mǣġþa (genitive plural)
mǣġþe (dative singular)
mǣġþum (dative plural)

→ English: maegth (learned)

From mǣġ (“a relative”) + -þ (suffix forming abstract nouns). Compare the formation of modern English kindred.

suffix

late 9th century, translation of Bede's Ecclesiastical History
In ðā ilcan tīd wǣron in Ēastseaxna mǣġðe æfter Swiðhelme, bī þǣm wē ǣr beforan sǣġdon, tweġen cyningas Siġhere ⁊ Sebbe, þēah hē hēo Wulfhere Mercna cyninge underþēodde wǣren in hērnesse.

At this time there were two kings in the nation of the East-Saxons, Sighere and Sebbe, who came after Swithhelm, whom we have mentioned before, though they were subjects of Wulfhere, king of Mercia.


bearn

bearn (nominative singular)
bearn (nominative plural)
bearn (accusative singular)
bearn (accusative plural)
bearnes (genitive singular)
bearna (genitive plural)
bearne (dative singular)
bearnum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: barn, bern, bearn, bærn, barne, berne, baren
English: barn (obsolete, dialectal)
Geordie English: bairn
Scots: bairn
→ English: bairn
Yola: barrn

From Proto-Germanic *barną. Cognate with Old Frisian bern, Old Saxon barn, Old Dutch *barn, Old High German barn, Old Norse barn, Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽 (barn). Related to beran.

late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy
Swīðe wynsum hit biþ þæt man wīf hæbbe and bearn.

It is very pleasant to have a wife and children.

late 9th century, Old English Martyrology
Hīe wǣron twēntiġ ġēara samod ǣr þon þe hīe bearn hæfdon.

They were together for twenty years before they had a child.

c. 990, Wessex Gospels, "Gospel of Saint John", chapter 13, verse 33

O children, now yet I am little time with you. You seek me; and as I told the Jews, You cannot go to there which I go; and now I tell you.

Lā bearn, nū gȳt ic eom ġehwǣde tīd mid ēow. Ġē mē sēceað; and swā ic þām Iudeon sǣde, Ġē ne magon faran þyder þe ic fare; and nū ic ēow secge.


dohtor

dohtor (nominative singular)
dohtor (nominative plural)
dohtra (nominative plural)
dohtru (nominative plural)
dohtor (accusative singular)
dohtor (accusative plural)
dohtra (accusative plural)
dohtru (accusative plural)
dohtor (genitive singular)
dohtra (genitive plural)
dehter (dative singular)
dohtrum (dative plural)

Middle English: doughter
English: daughter
Australian Kriol: doda
Scots: dochter, daiter (rare, Orkney), daowter, dowter, dather (obsolete), dauchter, dother, douchter
Yola: doughtere, daughtere

From Proto-West Germanic *dohter. See there for more.

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
⁊ þǣre ilcan nihte wes Ēadwine[s] dohtor ācenned.

And on that same night Edwin's daughter was born.


sunu

suna (nominative plural)
sunu (nominative singular)
suna (nominative plural)
sunu (accusative singular)
suna (accusative plural)
suna (genitive singular)
suna (genitive plural)
suna (dative singular)
sunum (dative plural)

Middle English: sone, sune

English: son

Scots: son

From Proto-West Germanic *sunu, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz, from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús.
Germanic cognates include Old Frisian sunu, Old Saxon sunu, Dutch zoon, Old High German sunu (German Sohn), Old Norse sonr (Swedish son), Gothic 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌿𐍃 (sunus). The Indo-European root is also the source of Sanskrit सूनु (sūnu), Lithuanian sūnus, Proto-Slavic *synъ (Old Church Slavonic сꙑнъ (synŭ), Russian сын (syn)); and more distantly of Ancient Greek υἱύς (huiús), Old Irish suth (“birth, fruit”).

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint George, Martyr"
Nāst þū lā Geori þæt ūre godas swincað mid þē and ġit hī synd ġeþyldiġe þæt hī þe miltsion. Nū lǣre ic ðē swā swā lēofne sunu þæt ðū þæra cristenra lāre forlǣte mid ealle and tō mīnum rǣde hraðe ġebūge swā þæt ðū offriġe þām ārwurðan Appoline and þū mycelne wurðmynt miht swā beġitan.

Knowest thou not, O George, that our gods are striving with thee, and even yet they are patient, that they may pity thee; now I exhort thee, as a beloved son, that thou altogether quit the Christians' doctrine, and quickly incline to my counsel, so that thou sacrifice to the venerable Apollo, and thou mayest so obtain great honour.


sunsunu

sunsuna (nominative plural)
sunsunu (nominative singular)
sunsuna (nominative plural)
sunsunu (accusative singular)
sunsuna (accusative plural)
sunsuna (genitive singular)
sunsuna (genitive plural)
sunsuna (dative singular)
sunsunum (dative plural)

Reduplication of sunu. For similar formations, compare Swedish sonson, dotterdotter, barnbarn.

grandson (lit., "son's son", specifically the son of one's son)


eam

From Proto-Germanic *immi (“I am”), a form of *wesaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésmi (“am”). More at am.

Mercian and Early West Saxon form of eom


cwen

cwēn (canonical feminine)
cwēn (nominative singular)
cwēne (nominative plural)
cwēna (nominative plural)
cwēn (accusative singular)
cwēne (accusative singular)
cwēne (accusative plural)
cwēna (accusative plural)
cwēne (genitive singular)
cwēna (genitive plural)
cwēne (dative singular)
cwēnum (dative plural)

Middle English: quene, qwene, cwene, queene, quen, qween, qweene, queyne, qwenne, qwhene, kuene, quiene, queen
English: queen (see there for further descendants)
Scots: queen, wheen
Yola: queen

From earlier cwœ̄n ← *kwœ̄ni ← *kwōni ← *kwą̄ni, from Proto-West Germanic *kwāni (“woman, wife”), from Proto-Germanic *kwēniz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn. Cognate with Old Saxon quān, Old Norse kvæn, Gothic 𐌵𐌴𐌽𐍃 (qēns). The Indo-European root is also the source of Ancient Greek γυνή (gunḗ), Proto-Slavic *žena, and Old Irish ben.

inh

Engla cwēn

queen (a ruling female monarch or a king's wife)


cwene

cwene (nominative singular)
cwenan (nominative plural)
cwenan (accusative singular)
cwenan (accusative plural)
cwenan (genitive singular)
cwenena (genitive plural)
cwenan (dative singular)
cwenum (dative plural)

Middle English: quene

English: quean

Scots: quean

From Proto-West Germanic *kwenā, from Proto-Germanic *kwenǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn.


fæder

fæder (nominative singular)
fæderas (nominative plural)
fæder (accusative singular)
fæderas (accusative plural)
fæder (genitive singular)
fæderes (genitive singular)
fædera (genitive plural)
fæder (dative singular)
fædere (dative singular)
fæderum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: fader, fæder, faderr, fadir, fadyr, fadur, feder, vader, veder, faðer, father, ffader
English: father
→ Marshallese: bata
Gullah: farruh
Scots: faither, fader, faether, faider, father, fither
Yola: vather

→ English: faeder

From Proto-West Germanic *fader, from Proto-Germanic *fadēr, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.
Old Germanic cognates: Old Frisian feder, Old Saxon fadar, Old Dutch fader, Old High German fater, Old Norse faðir, Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌳𐌰𐍂 (fadar).


modor

mōdor (canonical feminine)
mōdor (nominative singular)
mōdra (nominative plural)
mōdru (nominative plural)
mōdor (accusative singular)
mōdra (accusative plural)
mōdru (accusative plural)
mōdor (genitive singular)
mēder (genitive singular)
mōdra (genitive plural)
mēder (dative singular)
mōdrum (dative plural)

Middle English: moder
English: mother, mither (Scotland and Northern England)
Australian Kriol: motha
→ Japanese: マザー (mazā)
→ Korean: 마더 (madeo)
Scots: mither, medder, midder, moder, moeder (Shetland), mideer, mother
Yola: moodher, moother, moothar

From Proto-West Germanic *mōder, from Proto-Germanic *mōdēr, from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr. Cognate with Old Frisian mōder, Old Saxon mōdar, Old Dutch muoder, Old High German muoter, Old Norse móðir.


broþor

brōþor (canonical masculine)
brōþor (nominative singular)
brōþor (nominative plural)
ġebrōþor (nominative plural)
brōþra (nominative plural)
ġebrōþra (nominative plural)
brōþru (nominative plural)
ġebrōþru (nominative plural)
brōþor (accusative singular)
brōþor (accusative plural)
ġebrōþor (accusative plural)
brōþra (accusative plural)
ġebrōþra (accusative plural)
brōþru (accusative plural)
ġebrōþru (accusative plural)
brōþor (genitive singular)
brōþra (genitive plural)
ġebrōþra (genitive plural)
brēþer (dative singular)
brōþrum (dative plural)
ġebrōþrum (dative plural)

Middle English: brother
English: brother (see there for further descendants)
Scots: brither, bruther, broder, bruder
Yola: brover, brower

Mīn brōþor hæfþ twēġen cattas.

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint Maur, Abbot"
Þā ġecwæð sē abbod and ealle þā ġebrōðra þæt þēr ne mihte nā mā muneca wunian...

Then said the abbot and all the brothers, that no more monks could dwell there...


nefa

nefa (nominative singular)
nefan (nominative plural)
nefan (accusative singular)
nefan (accusative plural)
nefan (genitive singular)
nefena (genitive plural)
nefan (dative singular)
nefum (dative plural)

Middle English: neve, neave, neva, nefa, newe, neafe, nefe
English: neve

From Proto-West Germanic *nefō, from Proto-Germanic *nefô, from Proto-Indo-European *népōts.
Cognate with Old Frisian neva, Old Saxon nevo (German Low German Neev), Old High German nevo (German Neffe), Old Norse nefi; also Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬞𐬁𐬝 (napāt̰), Latin nepōs, Old Irish nia, Welsh nai, Proto-Slavic *netьjь (Slovene nečak.


eafora

eaforan (nominative plural)
eafora (nominative singular)
eaforan (nominative plural)
eaforan (accusative singular)
eaforan (accusative plural)
eaforan (genitive singular)
eaforena (genitive plural)
eaforan (dative singular)
eaforum (dative plural)

From Proto-Germanic *aferô (“offspring; descendant”), from Proto-Germanic *abar, *abur (“after; behind”).


sweostor

sweostor (nominative singular)
ġesweostor (nominative plural)
ġesweostra (nominative plural)
ġesweostru (nominative plural)
sweostor (accusative singular)
ġesweostor (accusative plural)
ġesweostra (accusative plural)
ġesweostru (accusative plural)
sweostor (genitive singular)
ġesweostra (genitive plural)
sweostor (dative singular)
ġesweostrum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: suster, cyster, cystyr, scyster, sister, sistir, soster, souster, sustir, syster, systir, systyr, swuster (Early Middle English), sussterr (Ormulum), zoster (Kent) (some forms influenced by Old Norse)
English: sister
→ Gulf Arabic: سِسْتَر (sistar, “female nurse”)
→ Japanese: シスター (shisutā)
→ Korean: 시스터 (siseuteo)
Scots: sister, syster
Yola: zister

From Proto-West Germanic *swester, from Proto-Germanic *swestēr, from Proto-Indo-European *swésōr. Compare Old Frisian swester, Old Saxon swestar, Old High German swestar, Old Norse systir.


gebedda

ġebedda (canonical masculine)
ġebedda (nominative singular)
ġebeddan (nominative plural)
ġebeddan (accusative singular)
ġebeddan (accusative plural)
ġebeddan (genitive singular)
ġebeddena (genitive plural)
ġebeddan (dative singular)
ġebeddum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *gabaddjō. Cognate with Old Frisian bedda and Old Saxon gibeddio. Equivalent to ġe- + bedd + -a.

someone who lies in bed with someone else: bedfellow


aþum

āþum (canonical masculine)
āþum (nominative singular)
āþmas (nominative plural)
āþum (accusative singular)
āþmas (accusative plural)
āþmes (genitive singular)
āþma (genitive plural)
āþme (dative singular)
āþmum (dative plural)

Middle English: aþum, oþom, oþam, oþem


sweor

swēor (canonical masculine)
swēor (nominative singular)
swēoras (nominative plural)
swēor (accusative singular)
swēoras (accusative plural)
swēores (genitive singular)
swēora (genitive plural)
swēore (dative singular)
swēorum (dative plural)

Middle English: sweor

From Proto-Germanic *swehuraz, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱuros. Cognate with Old High German swehur (German Schwäher), Middle Dutch sweer, Old Old Swedish svœr, Gothic 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍂𐌰 (swaihra). The Indo-European root is also the source of Sanskrit श्वशुर (śváśura), Ancient Greek ἑκυρός (hekurós), Latin socer, Old East Slavic свекръ (svekrŭ) (Russian свёкор (svjókor)). Compare sweġer.


snoru

snoru (nominative singular)
snora (nominative plural)
snore (nominative plural)
snore (accusative singular)
snora (accusative plural)
snore (accusative plural)
snore (genitive singular)
snora (genitive plural)
snore (dative singular)
snorum (dative plural)

Middle English: snore

From Proto-West Germanic *snuʀu, from Proto-Germanic *snuzō (“daughter-in-law”), from Proto-Indo-European *snusós (“daughter-in-law”). Cognate with Old Frisian snore, Middle Dutch snare, Old High German snur, Old Norse snor. The Indo-European root is also the source of Sanskrit स्नुषा (snuṣā́), Ancient Greek νυός (nuós), Latin nurus, Proto-Slavic *snъxa (Russian сноха́ (snoxá)), Albanian nuse.

Swegr on hyre snore: and snoru on hyre swegere.

1874, W. Skeat, The Gospel according to Saint Luke, 12:53:

The mother in law against her daughter-in-law, and the daughter-in-law against her mother in law.


bonda

bonda (nominative singular)
bondan (nominative plural)
bondan (accusative singular)
bondan (accusative plural)
bondan (genitive singular)
bondena (genitive plural)
bondan (dative singular)
bondum (dative plural)

Middle English: bonde

English: bond

⇒ Medieval Latin: bondagium

→ Middle English: bondage

English: bondage

Scots: bondage

From Old Norse bóndi (“farmer; husband”, literally “dweller”).


mægden

mæġden (canonical neuter)
mæġden (nominative singular)
mæġdenu (nominative plural)
mæġden (accusative singular)
mæġdenu (accusative plural)
mæġdenes (genitive singular)
mæġdena (genitive plural)
mæġdene (dative singular)
mæġdenum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: mayden, maiden, maidene, medene, maden, madane, mædene, mæidene, maȝden, meidene (Early Middle English)
English: maiden
Scots: maidin
Yola: mydhen

→ Middle Irish: maigden (see there for further descendants)


mægdencild

mæġdenċild (canonical neuter)
mæġdenċild (nominative singular)
mæġdenċildru (nominative plural)
mæġdenċild (accusative singular)
mæġdenċildru (accusative plural)
mæġdenċildes (genitive singular)
mæġdenċildra (genitive plural)
mæġdenċilde (dative singular)
mæġdenċildrum (dative plural)
mæġdenċild (nominative singular)
mæġdenċild (nominative plural)
mæġdenċild (accusative singular)
mæġdenċild (accusative plural)
mæġdenċildes (genitive singular)
mæġdenċilda (genitive plural)
mæġdenċilde (dative singular)
mæġdenċildum (dative plural)

Middle English: maidenchild


biscop

bisċop (canonical masculine)
bisċop (nominative singular)
bisċopas (nominative plural)
bisċop (accusative singular)
bisċopas (accusative plural)
bisċopes (genitive singular)
bisċopa (genitive plural)
bisċope (dative singular)
bisċopum (dative plural)

Middle English: bischop, bisschop, bisshop, byschop, bishup, busshop, bushop, busschop, bysshop, bissop, biscop, bisscopp
English: bishop (see there for further descendants)
Scots: bishop

→ Old Norse: biskup
Icelandic: biskup
Faroese: biskupur
Norwegian Bokmål: biskop, bisp
Norwegian Nynorsk: biskop, bisp
Old Swedish: biskoper, biskuper
Swedish: biskop
→ Finnish: piispa
Danish: biskop

Derived from Latin episcopus, from Ancient Greek ἐπίσκοπος (epískopos, “overseer”).


modrige

mōdriġe (canonical feminine)
mōdriġe (nominative singular)
mōdriġan (nominative plural)
mōdriġan (accusative singular)
mōdriġan (accusative plural)
mōdriġan (genitive singular)
mōdriġena (genitive plural)
mōdriġan (dative singular)
mōdriġum (dative plural)

Middle English: moddrie, moddri

From Proto-West Germanic *mōdrijā, from Proto-Germanic *mōdrijǭ (“maternal aunt”). Cognate with Old Frisian mōdrie (“maternal aunt”), Old High German muotera (“maternal aunt”).


faþu

faþu (nominative singular)
faþa (nominative plural)
faþe (nominative plural)
faþe (accusative singular)
faþa (accusative plural)
faþe (accusative plural)
faþe (genitive singular)
faþa (genitive plural)
faþe (dative singular)
faþum (dative plural)

From Proto-Germanic *faþō, *faþǭ (“father's sister”), from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr (“father”). Akin to Old Frisian fethe (“father's sister, aunt”), Middle Low German vade (“father's sister”), Old English fæder (“father”).


faþe

faþe (nominative singular)
faþan (nominative plural)
faþan (accusative singular)
faþan (accusative plural)
faþan (genitive singular)
faþena (genitive plural)
faþan (dative singular)
faþum (dative plural)

From Proto-Germanic *faþǭ, *faþō (“father's sister”), from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr (“father”). Akin to Old Frisian fethe (“father's sister, aunt”), Middle Low German vade (“father's sister”), Old English fæder (“father”).


fædera

fædera (nominative singular)
fæderan (nominative plural)
fæderan (accusative singular)
fæderan (accusative plural)
fæderan (genitive singular)
fæderena (genitive plural)
fæderan (dative singular)
fæderum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *fadurjō (“paternal uncle”).


nift

nift (nominative singular)
nifta (nominative plural)
nifte (nominative plural)
nifte (accusative singular)
nifta (accusative plural)
nifte (accusative plural)
nifte (genitive singular)
nifta (genitive plural)
nifte (dative singular)
niftum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: nyfte, nift, nifte
English: nift (obsolete)

From Proto-Germanic *niftiz (“niece, granddaughter”), from Proto-Indo-European *néptih₂.


tacor

tācor (canonical masculine)
tācoras (nominative plural)
tācor (nominative singular)
tācoras (nominative plural)
tācor (accusative singular)
tācoras (accusative plural)
tācores (genitive singular)
tācora (genitive plural)
tācore (dative singular)
tācorum (dative plural)

From Proto-Germanic *taikuraz (“brother-in-law”), from Proto-Indo-European *dayh₂wḗr (“husband's brother”). Akin to Old Frisian tāker (“husband's brother”), Old High German zeihhor, zeihhur, zeihhir (“husband's brother”), Middle High German zeicher (“brother-in-law”).


wiln

wīln (canonical feminine)
wīlna (nominative plural)
wīln (nominative singular)
wīlna (nominative plural)
wīlne (nominative plural)
wīlne (accusative singular)
wīlna (accusative plural)
wīlne (accusative plural)
wīlne (genitive singular)
wīlna (genitive plural)
wīlne (dative singular)
wīlnum (dative plural)

A contraction of *wīelen; equivalent to wealh (“Welsh person, slave”) + -en (feminine suffix).

af

An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary
w:An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary

Oxford University Press
w:Oxford University Press


nefene

nefene (nominative singular)
nefenan (nominative plural)
nefenan (accusative singular)
nefenan (accusative plural)
nefenan (genitive singular)
nefenena (genitive plural)
nefenan (dative singular)
nefenum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *nefanā, from Proto-Germanic *nefanǭ, from Proto-Germanic *nefô (“nephew”). Compare Middle High German nefin, nevin, German Neffin (“niece”).


meowle

mēowle (canonical feminine)
mēowle (nominative singular)
mēowlan (nominative plural)
mēowlan (accusative singular)
mēowlan (accusative plural)
mēowlan (genitive singular)
mēowlena (genitive plural)
mēowlan (dative singular)
mēowlum (dative plural)


arcebiscop

head

arċebisċop m (nominative plural arċebisċopas)

arċebisċop (canonical masculine)
arċebisċopas (nominative plural)
arċebisċop (nominative singular)
arċebisċopas (nominative plural)
arċebisċop (accusative singular)
arċebisċopas (accusative plural)
arċebisċopes (genitive singular)
arċebisċopa (genitive plural)
arċebisċope (dative singular)
arċebisċopum (dative plural)

desc

Middle English: erchebischop, archebischop

English: archbishop

desctree

→ Old Norse: erkibiskup
Icelandic: erkibiskup
Norwegian Nynorsk: erkebiskop
Norwegian Bokmål: erkebiskop

Borrowed from Late Latin archiepiscopus, equivalent to arċe- + bisċop. Compare Old Frisian arcebiskop, Old High German erzibiscof, Old Norse erkibiskup.


hellrun

hellrūn (canonical feminine)
hellrūna (nominative plural)
hellrūn (nominative singular)
hellrūna (nominative plural)
hellrūne (nominative plural)
hellrūne (accusative singular)
hellrūna (accusative plural)
hellrūne (accusative plural)
hellrūne (genitive singular)
hellrūna (genitive plural)
hellrūne (dative singular)
hellrūnum (dative plural)

Presumably from Proto-Germanic *haljōrūnō. A possible cognate of Gothic *𐌷𐌰𐌻𐌾𐍉𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌰 (*haljōruna) (mentioned in a Latin text in the form of haliurunna (“witch”)); see the Latin entry for details. More at hellrūna.

a sorceress; one who has a spirit of divination


helrynegu

head

helrȳneġu f (nominative plural helrȳneġa)

helrȳneġu (canonical feminine)
helrȳneġa (nominative plural)
helrȳneġu (nominative singular)
helrȳneġa (nominative plural)
helrȳneġe (accusative singular)
helrȳneġa (accusative plural)
helrȳneġe (genitive singular)
helrȳneġa (genitive plural)
helrȳneġe (dative singular)
helrȳneġum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *halljurūnagī, from Proto-Germanic *haljōrūnagį̄.


genefa

ġenefa (canonical masculine)
ġenefa (nominative singular)
ġenefan (nominative plural)
ġenefan (accusative singular)
ġenefan (accusative plural)
ġenefan (genitive singular)
ġenefena (genitive plural)
ġenefan (dative singular)
ġenefum (dative plural)


nefe

nefe (nominative singular)
nefan (nominative plural)
nefan (accusative singular)
nefan (accusative plural)
nefan (genitive singular)
nefena (genitive plural)
nefan (dative singular)
nefum (dative plural)


sweger

sweġer (canonical feminine)
sweġer (nominative singular)
sweġra (nominative plural)
sweġre (nominative plural)
sweġre (accusative singular)
sweġra (accusative plural)
sweġre (accusative plural)
sweġre (genitive singular)
sweġra (genitive plural)
sweġre (dative singular)
sweġrum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *swegru, from Proto-Germanic *swegrō, from Proto-Indo-European *sweḱrúh₂ (“mother-in-law”).


nunne

nunne (nominative singular)
nunnan (nominative plural)
nunnan (accusative singular)
nunnan (accusative plural)
nunnan (genitive singular)
nunnena (genitive plural)
nunnan (dative singular)
nunnum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: nonne, nunne
English: nun
Scots: nun

From Proto-West Germanic *nunnā (“nun”).


godfæder

head

godfæder m (nominative plural godfæderas)

desctree

Middle English: godfader, godfæder, god-fader, godfadur, godefader, godfadyr, godfadir, godefadir, godfar
English: godfather


hæmedceorl

hǣmedċeorl (canonical masculine)
hǣmedċeorl (nominative singular)
hǣmedċeorlas (nominative plural)
hǣmedċeorl (accusative singular)
hǣmedċeorlas (accusative plural)
hǣmedċeorles (genitive singular)
hǣmedċeorla (genitive plural)
hǣmedċeorle (dative singular)
hǣmedċeorlum (dative plural)


hæmedwif

hǣmedwīf (canonical neuter)
hǣmedwīf (nominative singular)
hǣmedwīf (nominative plural)
hǣmedwīf (accusative singular)
hǣmedwīf (accusative plural)
hǣmedwīfes (genitive singular)
hǣmedwīfa (genitive plural)
hǣmedwīfe (dative singular)
hǣmedwīfum (dative plural)


monaþblod

mōnaþblōd (canonical neuter)
mōnaþblōd (nominative singular)
mōnaþblōd (nominative plural)
mōnaþblōd (accusative singular)
mōnaþblōd (accusative plural)
mōnaþblōdes (genitive singular)
mōnaþblōda (genitive plural)
mōnaþblōde (dative singular)
mōnaþblōdum (dative plural)

From mōnaþ + blōd. Compare Old High German mānōdblōti (“monthly bleeding, menstruation”).


bearneacnung

bearnēacnung (canonical feminine)
bearnēacnung (nominative singular)
bearnēacnunga (nominative plural)
bearnēacnunge (nominative plural)
bearnēacnunge (accusative singular)
bearnēacnunga (accusative plural)
bearnēacnunge (accusative plural)
bearnēacnunge (genitive singular)
bearnēacnunga (genitive plural)
bearnēacnunge (dative singular)
bearnēacnungum (dative plural)

/ˈbæ͜ɑrnˌæ͜ɑːk.nunɡ/

[ˈbæ͜ɑrˠnˌæ͜ɑːk.nuŋɡ]


geonga

ġeonga (canonical masculine)
ġeonga (nominative singular)
ġeongan (nominative plural)
ġeongan (accusative singular)
ġeongan (accusative plural)
ġeongan (genitive singular)
ġeongena (genitive plural)
ġeongan (dative singular)
ġeongum (dative plural)

From ġeong + -a; compare German Junge (“boy”) and German Low German Junge (“boy”).


widuwe

widuwe (nominative singular)
widuwan (nominative plural)
widuwan (accusative singular)
widuwan (accusative plural)
widuwan (genitive singular)
widuwena (genitive plural)
widuwan (dative singular)
widuwum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: widwe
English: widow
Scots: weedae, wedow, widdow

From Proto-West Germanic *widuwā, from Proto-Germanic *widuwǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁widʰéwh₂. Cognate with Old Frisian widwe, Old Saxon widowa, Old Dutch widowa, Old High German wituwa, Gothic 𐍅𐌹𐌳𐌿𐍅𐍉 (widuwō).

Widuwe is wīf þǣre wer is dēad.

A widow is a woman whose husband is dead.


wifcynn

wīfcynn (canonical neuter)
wīfcynn (nominative singular)
wīfcynn (accusative singular)
wīfcynnes (genitive singular)
wīfcynne (dative singular)

Middle English: wifkin


broþorsunu

brōþorsunu (canonical masculine)
brōþorsunu (nominative singular)
brōþorsuna (nominative plural)
brōþorsunu (accusative singular)
brōþorsuna (accusative plural)
brōþorsuna (genitive singular)
brōþorsuna (genitive plural)
brōþorsuna (dative singular)
brōþorsunum (dative plural)

From brōþor (“brother”) + sunu (“son”). Compare Icelandic bróðursonur and Swedish brorson.


broþordohtor

brōþordohtor (canonical feminine)
brōþordohtor (nominative singular)
brōþordohtor (nominative plural)
brōþordohtra (nominative plural)
brōþordohtru (nominative plural)
brōþordohtor (accusative singular)
brōþordohtor (accusative plural)
brōþordohtra (accusative plural)
brōþordohtru (accusative plural)
brōþordohtor (genitive singular)
brōþordohtra (genitive plural)
brōþordehter (dative singular)
brōþordohtrum (dative plural)

From brōþor (“brother”) + dohtor (“daughter”). Compare Icelandic bróðurdóttir and Swedish brorsdotter.


sweostorsunu

sweostorsunu (nominative singular)
sweostorsuna (nominative plural)
sweostorsunu (accusative singular)
sweostorsuna (accusative plural)
sweostorsuna (genitive singular)
sweostorsuna (genitive plural)
sweostorsuna (dative singular)
sweostorsunum (dative plural)

desc

Middle English: sustersone, systerson, suster sune, suster sone, soster sone, sistur sun, sister sun

English: sisterson

From Proto-West Germanic *swestersunu, from Proto-Germanic *swestērsunuz, equivalent to sweostor (“sister”) + sunu (“son”). Compare Icelandic systursonur and Swedish systerson.

late 9th century, translation of Bede's Ecclesiastical History
In þǣre þēode was in þā tīd Sǣberht cyning, Æðelberhtes swustorsunu ⁊ his hēra.

At that time Seaberht was king of that province; he was the nephew and follower of Athelberht.


broþorwif

brōþorwīf (canonical neuter)
brōþorwīf (nominative singular)
brōþorwīf (nominative plural)
brōþorwīf (accusative singular)
brōþorwīf (accusative plural)
brōþorwīfes (genitive singular)
brōþorwīfa (genitive plural)
brōþorwīfe (dative singular)
brōþorwīfum (dative plural)


dohtorsunu

dohtorsunu (nominative singular)
dohtorsuna (nominative plural)
dohtorsunu (accusative singular)
dohtorsuna (accusative plural)
dohtorsuna (genitive singular)
dohtorsuna (genitive plural)
dohtorsuna (dative singular)
dohtorsunum (dative plural)

From dohtor (“daughter”) + sunu (“son”).

grandson (lit., "daughter's son", specifically the son of one's daughter)


wifscrud

wīfsċrūd (canonical neuter)
wīfsċrūd (nominative singular)
wīfsċrūd (nominative plural)
wīfsċrūd (accusative singular)
wīfsċrūd (accusative plural)
wīfsċrūdes (genitive singular)
wīfsċrūda (genitive plural)
wīfsċryd (dative singular)
wīfsċrūdum (dative plural)

clothing for a woman; women's dress, female attire


wifhad

wīfhād (canonical masculine)
wīfhād (nominative singular)
wīfhād (accusative singular)
wīfhādes (genitive singular)
wīfhāde (dative singular)

Middle English: wifhode, wifhod, wifhede

English: wifehood

Scots: wifehede, wyfhede


ealdwif

ealdwīf (canonical neuter)
ealdwīf (nominative singular)
ealdwīf (nominative plural)
ealdwīf (accusative singular)
ealdwīf (accusative plural)
ealdwīfes (genitive singular)
ealdwīfa (genitive plural)
ealdwīfe (dative singular)
ealdwīfum (dative plural)


ealdcwen

ealdcwēn (canonical feminine)
ealdcwēn (nominative singular)
ealdcwēne (nominative plural)
ealdcwēna (nominative plural)
ealdcwēn (accusative singular)
ealdcwēne (accusative singular)
ealdcwēne (accusative plural)
ealdcwēna (accusative plural)
ealdcwēne (genitive singular)
ealdcwēna (genitive plural)
ealdcwēne (dative singular)
ealdcwēnum (dative plural)


wæpned

wǣpned (canonical)
wǣpned (masculine nominative singular)
wǣpnedu (feminine nominative singular)
wǣpnedo (feminine nominative singular)
wǣpned (neuter nominative singular)
wǣpnedne (accusative masculine singular)
wǣpnede (accusative feminine singular)
wǣpned (accusative neuter singular)
wǣpnedes (genitive masculine singular)
wǣpnedre (feminine genitive singular)
wǣpnedes (genitive neuter singular)
wǣpnedum (dative masculine singular)
wǣpnedre (dative feminine singular)
wǣpnedum (dative neuter singular)
wǣpnede (instrumental masculine singular)
wǣpnedre (feminine instrumental singular)
wǣpnede (instrumental neuter singular)
wǣpnede (masculine nominative plural)
wǣpneda (feminine nominative plural)
wǣpnede (feminine nominative plural)
wǣpnedu (neuter nominative plural)
wǣpnedo (neuter nominative plural)
wǣpnede (accusative masculine plural)
wǣpneda (accusative feminine plural)
wǣpnede (accusative feminine plural)
wǣpnedu (accusative neuter plural)
wǣpnedo (accusative neuter plural)
wǣpnedra (genitive masculine plural)
wǣpnedra (feminine genitive plural)
wǣpnedra (genitive neuter plural)
wǣpnedum (dative masculine plural)
wǣpnedum (dative feminine plural)
wǣpnedum (dative neuter plural)
wǣpnedum (instrumental masculine plural)
wǣpnedum (feminine instrumental plural)
wǣpnedum (instrumental neuter plural)
wǣpneda (masculine nominative singular)
wǣpnede (feminine nominative singular)
wǣpnede (neuter nominative singular)
wǣpnedan (accusative masculine singular)
wǣpnedan (accusative feminine singular)
wǣpnede (accusative neuter singular)
wǣpnedan (genitive masculine singular)
wǣpnedan (feminine genitive singular)
wǣpnedan (genitive neuter singular)
wǣpnedan (dative masculine singular)
wǣpnedan (dative feminine singular)
wǣpnedan (dative neuter singular)
wǣpnedan (instrumental masculine singular)
wǣpnedan (feminine instrumental singular)
wǣpnedan (instrumental neuter singular)
wǣpnedan (masculine nominative plural)
wǣpnedan (feminine nominative plural)
wǣpnedan (neuter nominative plural)
wǣpnedan (accusative masculine plural)
wǣpnedan (accusative feminine plural)
wǣpnedan (accusative neuter plural)
wǣpnedra (genitive masculine plural)
wǣpnedena (genitive masculine plural)
wǣpnedra (feminine genitive plural)
wǣpnedena (feminine genitive plural)
wǣpnedra (genitive neuter plural)
wǣpnedena (genitive neuter plural)
wǣpnedum (dative masculine plural)
wǣpnedum (dative feminine plural)
wǣpnedum (dative neuter plural)
wǣpnedum (instrumental masculine plural)
wǣpnedum (feminine instrumental plural)
wǣpnedum (instrumental neuter plural)


mæden

mǣden (canonical neuter)
mǣden (nominative singular)
mǣdenu (nominative plural)
mǣden (accusative singular)
mǣdenu (accusative plural)
mǣdenes (genitive singular)
mǣdena (genitive plural)
mǣdene (dative singular)
mǣdenum (dative plural)


læringmæden

lǣringmǣden (canonical neuter)
lǣringmǣden (nominative singular)
lǣringmǣdenu (nominative plural)
lǣringmǣden (accusative singular)
lǣringmǣdenu (accusative plural)
lǣringmǣdenes (genitive singular)
lǣringmǣdena (genitive plural)
lǣringmǣdene (dative singular)
lǣringmǣdenum (dative plural)

From lǣring (“teaching, instruction”) + mǣden (“girl”).

compound

a girl who is receiving instruction, a female pupil


þignen

þiġnen (canonical feminine)
þiġnen (nominative singular)
þiġnenna (nominative plural)
þiġnenne (nominative plural)
þiġnenne (accusative singular)
þiġnenna (accusative plural)
þiġnenne (accusative plural)
þiġnenne (genitive singular)
þiġnenna (genitive plural)
þiġnenne (dative singular)
þiġnennum (dative plural)

female servant, female attendant, handmaid


þinen

þīnen (canonical feminine)
þīnen (nominative singular)
þīnenna (nominative plural)
þīnenne (nominative plural)
þīnenne (accusative singular)
þīnenna (accusative plural)
þīnenne (accusative plural)
þīnenne (genitive singular)
þīnenna (genitive plural)
þīnenne (dative singular)
þīnennum (dative plural)


beorþorþinen

beorþorþīnen (canonical feminine)
beorþorþīnen (nominative singular)
beorþorþīnenna (nominative plural)
beorþorþīnenne (nominative plural)
beorþorþīnenne (accusative singular)
beorþorþīnenna (accusative plural)
beorþorþīnenne (accusative plural)
beorþorþīnenne (genitive singular)
beorþorþīnenna (genitive plural)
beorþorþīnenne (dative singular)
beorþorþīnennum (dative plural)

From beorþor (“childbirth”) + þīnen (“female assistant, handmaid”).


wiffreond

wīffrēond (canonical masculine)
wīffrēond (nominative singular)
wīffrīend (nominative plural)
wīffrēondas (nominative plural)
wīffrēond (accusative singular)
wīffrīend (accusative plural)
wīffrēondas (accusative plural)
wīffrēondes (genitive singular)
wīffrēonda (genitive plural)
wīffrīend (dative singular)
wīffrēonde (dative singular)
wīffrēondum (dative plural)


unrihtwif

unrihtwīf (canonical neuter)
unrihtwīf (nominative singular)
unrihtwīf (nominative plural)
unrihtwīf (accusative singular)
unrihtwīf (accusative plural)
unrihtwīfes (genitive singular)
unrihtwīfa (genitive plural)
unrihtwīfe (dative singular)
unrihtwīfum (dative plural)


þiewen

þīewen (canonical feminine)
þīewen (nominative singular)
þīewenna (nominative plural)
þīewenne (nominative plural)
þīewenne (accusative singular)
þīewenna (accusative plural)
þīewenne (accusative plural)
þīewenne (genitive singular)
þīewenna (genitive plural)
þīewenne (dative singular)
þīewennum (dative plural)


lærestre

lǣrestre (canonical feminine)
lǣrestre (nominative singular)
lǣrestran (nominative plural)
lǣrestran (accusative singular)
lǣrestran (accusative plural)
lǣrestran (genitive singular)
lǣrestrena (genitive plural)
lǣrestran (dative singular)
lǣrestrum (dative plural)


cempestre

cempestre (nominative singular)
cempestran (nominative plural)
cempestran (accusative singular)
cempestran (accusative plural)
cempestran (genitive singular)
cempestrena (genitive plural)
cempestran (dative singular)
cempestrum (dative plural)

Either from camp + -estre or cempa + -estre.


neahgebyren

nēahġebȳren (canonical feminine)
nēahġebȳren (nominative singular)
nēahġebȳrenna (nominative plural)
nēahġebȳrenne (nominative plural)
nēahġebȳrenne (accusative singular)
nēahġebȳrenna (accusative plural)
nēahġebȳrenne (accusative plural)
nēahġebȳrenne (genitive singular)
nēahġebȳrenna (genitive plural)
nēahġebȳrenne (dative singular)
nēahġebȳrennum (dative plural)


eald fæder

Middle English: olde fader, eldfader

English: eldfather

Scots: eldfader

Cognate with Old Frisian aldafeder and Old Saxon aldfader.


eald modor

Middle English: eldmoder

English: eldmother

Scots: eldmoder, eldmother


wæpnedcynn

wǣpnedcynn (canonical neuter)
wǣpnedcynn (nominative singular)
wǣpnedcynn (accusative singular)
wǣpnedcynnes (genitive singular)
wǣpnedcynne (dative singular)


werhad

werhād (canonical masculine)
werhād (nominative singular)
werhād (accusative singular)
werhādes (genitive singular)
werhāde (dative singular)


gebedde

ġebedde (canonical feminine)
ġebedde (nominative singular)
ġebeddan (nominative plural)
ġebeddan (accusative singular)
ġebeddan (accusative plural)
ġebeddan (genitive singular)
ġebeddena (genitive plural)
ġebeddan (dative singular)
ġebeddum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *gabaddjā, from Proto-Germanic *gabadjǭ. Cognate with Old High German gibetta and Old Norse beðja. Equivalent to ġe- + bedd + -e or ġebedda + -e.


þengel

þenġel (canonical masculine)
þenġel (nominative singular)
þenglas (nominative plural)
þenġel (accusative singular)
þenglas (accusative plural)
þengles (genitive singular)
þengla (genitive plural)
þengle (dative singular)
þenglum (dative plural)

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *þangil, from Proto-Germanic *þangilaz. Cognate with Old Norse þengill.


wercynn

wercynn (nominative singular)
wercynn (accusative singular)
wercynnes (genitive singular)
wercynne (dative singular)

mankind (men as a group, as opposed to womankind)


bealdor

bealdor (nominative singular)
bealdras (nominative plural)
bealdor (accusative singular)
bealdras (accusative plural)
bealdres (genitive singular)
bealdra (genitive plural)
bealdre (dative singular)
bealdrum (dative plural)


fornefe

fornefe (nominative singular)
fornefan (nominative plural)
fornefan (accusative singular)
fornefan (accusative plural)
fornefan (genitive singular)
fornefena (genitive plural)
fornefan (dative singular)
fornefum (dative plural)

From forn + nefe, perhaps modelled after Latin proneptis (“great-granddaughter”). Alternatively from fore- + nefe.


abbadisse

abbadisse (nominative singular)
abbadissan (nominative plural)
abbadissan (accusative singular)
abbadissan (accusative plural)
abbadissan (genitive singular)
abbadissena (genitive plural)
abbadissan (dative singular)
abbadissum (dative plural)

English: abbotess

late 10th century, Ælfric, Lives of Saints
Þā on þām eahteoþan ġēare siþþan hēo abbudisse wæs, hēo wæs ġeuntrumod swā swā hēo ǣr witeġode, swā þæt ān ġeswel wēox on hire swūran myċel under ċynnbāne...

Then on the eighth year since she became abbotess, she was sickened as she had previously predicted, as a large tumor grew on her neck under the chinbone....


goddohtor

English: goddaughter


godmodor

desctree

Middle English: godmoder, god-moder, godmodyr, godmodir, gode modyr, godmother, god moder, godmor
English: godmother


godsunu

Middle English: godsone, godeson, godson, godsonne, gosson, gossone
English: godson
Scots: godson


guþcyning

gūþcyning (canonical masculine)
gūþcyning (nominative singular)
gūþcyningas (nominative plural)
gūþcyning (accusative singular)
gūþcyningas (accusative plural)
gūþcyninges (genitive singular)
gūþcyninga (genitive plural)
gūþcyninge (dative singular)
gūþcyningum (dative plural)


carlmann

carlmann (nominative singular)
carlmenn (nominative plural)
carlmann (accusative singular)
carlmenn (accusative plural)
carlmannes (genitive singular)
carlmanna (genitive plural)
carlmenn (dative singular)
carlmannum (dative plural)

From carl (“freeman, man, male”) + mann (“person”)


swegen

desctree

Middle English: swayn, sweine, sweyn, sueyn, swain, sweyn, swein, swaine, sweyne, swane
English: swain
Scots: swaine, swane

Borrowed from Old Norse sveinn, from Proto-Germanic *swainaz (“relative, young man, servant”), from Proto-Indo-European *swé (“oneself; separate; apart”).


guþmæcga

/ˈɡuːθˌmæj.jɑ/

[ˈɡuːðˌmæd.d͡ʒɑ]


heahbiscop

hēahbisċop (canonical masculine)
hēahbisċop (nominative singular)
hēahbisċopas (nominative plural)
hēahbisċop (accusative singular)
hēahbisċopas (accusative plural)
hēahbisċopes (genitive singular)
hēahbisċopa (genitive plural)
hēahbisċope (dative singular)
hēahbisċopum (dative plural)

English: highbishop

By surface analysis, hēah (“high”) + bisċop (“bishop”)


portcwen

portcwēn (canonical feminine)
portcwēn (nominative singular)
portcwēna (nominative plural)
portcwēne (nominative plural)
portcwēne (accusative singular)
portcwēna (accusative plural)
portcwēne (accusative plural)
portcwēne (genitive singular)
portcwēna (genitive plural)
portcwēne (dative singular)
portcwēnum (dative plural)

From port (“port, town”) + cwēn (“woman”)