maga

māga (canonical masculine)
māga (nominative singular)
māgan (nominative plural)
māgan (accusative singular)
māgan (accusative plural)
māgan (genitive singular)
māgena (genitive plural)
māgan (dative singular)
māgum (dative plural)

i

merged with descendant of Old English <i class="Latn mention" lang="ang">mǣġ</i>

Middle English: maȝe, mæȝe, mæi, mei, mey (merged with descendant of Old English mǣġ)

English: may (“kinsman”) (obsolete)

From Proto-West Germanic *māg.
Cognates
Cognate with Old Frisian mēch (“relative, kinsman”), Old Saxon māg (“a relation”), Old High German māg (“relative, kinsman”), Old Norse mágr (“father-in-law”), Gothic 𐌼𐌴𐌲𐍃 (mēgs, “son-in-law”). More at may.


sunsunu

sunsuna (nominative plural)
sunsunu (nominative singular)
sunsuna (nominative plural)
sunsunu (accusative singular)
sunsuna (accusative plural)
sunsuna (genitive singular)
sunsuna (genitive plural)
sunsuna (dative singular)
sunsunum (dative plural)

Reduplication of sunu. For similar formations, compare Swedish sonson, dotterdotter, barnbarn.

grandson (lit., "son's son", specifically the son of one's son)


bearn

bearn (nominative singular)
bearn (nominative plural)
bearn (accusative singular)
bearn (accusative plural)
bearnes (genitive singular)
bearna (genitive plural)
bearne (dative singular)
bearnum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: barn
English: barn (obsolete, dialectal)
Geordie English: bairn
Scots: bairn
→ English: bairn
Yola: barrn

From Proto-Germanic *barną. Cognate with Old Frisian bern, Old Saxon barn, Old Dutch *barn, Old High German barn, Old Norse barn, Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽 (barn). Related to beran.

late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy
Swīðe wynsum hit biþ þæt man wīf hæbbe and bearn.

It is very pleasant to have a wife and children.

late 9th century, Old English Martyrology
Hīe wǣron twēntiġ ġēara samod ǣr þon þe hīe bearn hæfdon.

They were together for twenty years before they had a child.

c. 990, Wessex Gospels, "Gospel of Saint John", chapter 13, verse 33

O children, now yet I am little time with you. You seek me; and as I told the Jews, You cannot go to there which I go; and now I tell you.

Lā bearn, nū gȳt ic eom ġehwǣde tīd mid ēow. Ġē mē sēceað; and swā ic þām Iudeon sǣde, Ġē ne magon faran þyder þe ic fare; and nū ic ēow secge.


eam

From Proto-Germanic *immi (“I am”), a form of *wesaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésmi (“am”). More at am.

Mercian and Early West Saxon form of eom


sunu

suna (nominative plural)
sunu (nominative singular)
suna (nominative plural)
sunu (accusative singular)
suna (accusative plural)
suna (genitive singular)
suna (genitive plural)
suna (dative singular)
sunum (dative plural)

Middle English: sone, sune

English: son

Scots: son

From Proto-West Germanic *sunu, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz, from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús.
Germanic cognates include Old Frisian sunu, Old Saxon sunu, Dutch zoon, Old High German sunu (German Sohn), Old Norse sonr (Swedish son), Gothic 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌿𐍃 (sunus). The Indo-European root is also the source of Sanskrit सूनु (sūnu), Lithuanian sūnus, Proto-Slavic *synъ (Old Church Slavonic сꙑнъ (synŭ), Russian сын (syn)); and more distantly of Ancient Greek υἱύς (huiús), Old Irish suth (“birth, fruit”).

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint George, Martyr"
Nāst þū lā Geori þæt ūre godas swincað mid þē and ġit hī synd ġeþyldiġe þæt hī þe miltsion. Nū lǣre ic ðē swā swā lēofne sunu þæt ðū þæra cristenra lāre forlǣte mid ealle and tō mīnum rǣde hraðe ġebūge swā þæt ðū offriġe þām ārwurðan Appoline and þū mycelne wurðmynt miht swā beġitan.

Knowest thou not, O George, that our gods are striving with thee, and even yet they are patient, that they may pity thee; now I exhort thee, as a beloved son, that thou altogether quit the Christians' doctrine, and quickly incline to my counsel, so that thou sacrifice to the venerable Apollo, and thou mayest so obtain great honour.


broþor

brōþor (canonical masculine)
brōþor (nominative singular)
brōþor (nominative plural)
ġebrōþor (nominative plural)
brōþra (nominative plural)
ġebrōþra (nominative plural)
brōþru (nominative plural)
ġebrōþru (nominative plural)
brōþor (accusative singular)
brōþor (accusative plural)
ġebrōþor (accusative plural)
brōþra (accusative plural)
ġebrōþra (accusative plural)
brōþru (accusative plural)
ġebrōþru (accusative plural)
brōþor (genitive singular)
brōþra (genitive plural)
ġebrōþra (genitive plural)
brēþer (dative singular)
brōþrum (dative plural)
ġebrōþrum (dative plural)

Middle English: brother
English: brother (see there for further descendants)
Scots: brither, bruther, broder, bruder
Yola: brover, brower

Mīn brōþor hæfþ twēġen cattas.

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint Maur, Abbot"
Þā ġecwæð sē abbod and ealle þā ġebrōðra þæt þēr ne mihte nā mā muneca wunian...

Then said the abbot and all the brothers, that no more monks could dwell there...


fæder

fæder (nominative singular)
fæderas (nominative plural)
fæder (accusative singular)
fæderas (accusative plural)
fæder (genitive singular)
fæderes (genitive singular)
fædera (genitive plural)
fæder (dative singular)
fædere (dative singular)
fæderum (dative plural)

Middle English: fader, fæder, faderr, fadir, fadyr, fadur, feder, vader, veder, faðer, father, ffader
English: father
→ Marshallese: bata
Gullah: farruh
Scots: faither, fader, faether, faider, father, fither
Yola: vather

→ English: faeder

From Proto-West Germanic *fader, from Proto-Germanic *fadēr, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.
Old Germanic cognates: Old Frisian feder, Old Saxon fadar, Old Dutch fader, Old High German fater, Old Norse faðir, Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌳𐌰𐍂 (fadar).


nefa

nefa (nominative singular)
nefan (nominative plural)
nefan (accusative singular)
nefan (accusative plural)
nefan (genitive singular)
nefena (genitive plural)
nefan (dative singular)
nefum (dative plural)

Middle English: neve, neave, neva, nefa, newe, neafe, nefe
English: neve

From Proto-West Germanic *nefō, from Proto-Germanic *nefô, from Proto-Indo-European *népōts.
Cognate with Old Frisian neva, Old Saxon nevo (German Low German Neev), Old High German nevo (German Neffe), Old Norse nefi; also Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬞𐬁𐬝 (napāt̰), Latin nepōs, Old Irish nia, Welsh nai, Proto-Slavic *netьjь (Slovene nečak.


eafora

eaforan (nominative plural)
eafora (nominative singular)
eaforan (nominative plural)
eaforan (accusative singular)
eaforan (accusative plural)
eaforan (genitive singular)
eaforena (genitive plural)
eaforan (dative singular)
eaforum (dative plural)

From Proto-Germanic *aferô (“offspring; descendant”), from Proto-Germanic *abar, *abur (“after; behind”).


gebedda

ġebedda (canonical masculine)
ġebedda (nominative singular)
ġebeddan (nominative plural)
ġebeddan (accusative singular)
ġebeddan (accusative plural)
ġebeddan (genitive singular)
ġebeddena (genitive plural)
ġebeddan (dative singular)
ġebeddum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *gabaddjō. Cognate with Old Frisian bedda and Old Saxon gibeddio. Equivalent to ġe- + bedd + -a.


aþum

āþum (canonical masculine)
āþum (nominative singular)
āþmas (nominative plural)
āþum (accusative singular)
āþmas (accusative plural)
āþmes (genitive singular)
āþma (genitive plural)
āþme (dative singular)
āþmum (dative plural)

Middle English: aþum, oþom, oþam, oþem


sweor

swēor (canonical masculine)
swēor (nominative singular)
swēoras (nominative plural)
swēor (accusative singular)
swēoras (accusative plural)
swēores (genitive singular)
swēora (genitive plural)
swēore (dative singular)
swēorum (dative plural)

Middle English: sweor

From Proto-Germanic *swehuraz, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱuros. Cognate with Old High German swehur (German Schwäher), Middle Dutch sweer, Old Old Swedish svœr, Gothic 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍂𐌰 (swaihra). The Indo-European root is also the source of Sanskrit श्वशुर (śváśura), Ancient Greek ἑκυρός (hekurós), Latin socer, Old East Slavic свекръ (svekrŭ) (Russian свёкор (svjókor)). Compare sweġer.


bonda

bonda (nominative singular)
bondan (nominative plural)
bondan (accusative singular)
bondan (accusative plural)
bondan (genitive singular)
bondena (genitive plural)
bondan (dative singular)
bondum (dative plural)

Middle English: bonde

English: bond

⇒ Medieval Latin: bondagium

→ Middle English: bondage

English: bondage

Scots: bondage

From Old Norse bóndi (“farmer; husband”, literally “dweller”).


fædera

fædera (nominative singular)
fæderan (nominative plural)
fæderan (accusative singular)
fæderan (accusative plural)
fæderan (genitive singular)
fæderena (genitive plural)
fæderan (dative singular)
fæderum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *fadurjō (“paternal uncle”).


tacor

tācor (canonical masculine)
tācoras (nominative plural)
tācor (nominative singular)
tācoras (nominative plural)
tācor (accusative singular)
tācoras (accusative plural)
tācores (genitive singular)
tācora (genitive plural)
tācore (dative singular)
tācorum (dative plural)

From Proto-Germanic *taikuraz (“brother-in-law”), from Proto-Indo-European *dayh₂wḗr (“husband's brother”). Akin to Old Frisian tāker (“husband's brother”), Old High German zeihhor, zeihhur, zeihhir (“husband's brother”), Middle High German zeicher (“brother-in-law”).


godfæder

head

godfæder m (nominative plural godfæderas)

desctree

Middle English: godfader, godfæder, god-fader, godfadur, godefader, godfadyr, godfadir, godefadir, godfar
English: godfather


broþorsunu

brōþorsunu (canonical masculine)
brōþorsunu (nominative singular)
brōþorsuna (nominative plural)
brōþorsunu (accusative singular)
brōþorsuna (accusative plural)
brōþorsuna (genitive singular)
brōþorsuna (genitive plural)
brōþorsuna (dative singular)
brōþorsunum (dative plural)

From brōþor (“brother”) + sunu (“son”). Compare Icelandic bróðursonur and Swedish brorson.


sweostorsunu

sweostorsunu (nominative singular)
sweostorsuna (nominative plural)
sweostorsunu (accusative singular)
sweostorsuna (accusative plural)
sweostorsuna (genitive singular)
sweostorsuna (genitive plural)
sweostorsuna (dative singular)
sweostorsunum (dative plural)

desc

Middle English: sustersone, systerson, suster sune, suster sone, soster sone, sistur sun, sister sun

English: sisterson

From Proto-West Germanic *swestersunu, from Proto-Germanic *swestērsunuz, equivalent to sweostor (“sister”) + sunu (“son”). Compare Icelandic systursonur and Swedish systerson.


dohtorsunu

dohtorsunu (nominative singular)
dohtorsuna (nominative plural)
dohtorsunu (accusative singular)
dohtorsuna (accusative plural)
dohtorsuna (genitive singular)
dohtorsuna (genitive plural)
dohtorsuna (dative singular)
dohtorsunum (dative plural)

From dohtor (“daughter”) + sunu (“son”).

grandson (lit., "daughter's son", specifically the son of one's daughter)


eald fæder

Middle English: olde fader, eldfader

English: eldfather

Scots: eldfader


þengel

þenġel (canonical masculine)
þenġel (nominative singular)
þenglas (nominative plural)
þenġel (accusative singular)
þenglas (accusative plural)
þengles (genitive singular)
þengla (genitive plural)
þengle (dative singular)
þenglum (dative plural)

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *þangil, from Proto-Germanic *þangilaz. Cognate with Old Norse þengill.


bealdor

bealdor (nominative singular)
bealdras (nominative plural)
bealdor (accusative singular)
bealdras (accusative plural)
bealdres (genitive singular)
bealdra (genitive plural)
bealdre (dative singular)
bealdrum (dative plural)


godsunu

desctree

Middle English: godsone, godeson, godson, godsonne, gosson, gossone
English: godson
Scots: godson


guþcyning

gūþcyning (canonical masculine)
gūþcyning (nominative singular)
gūþcyningas (nominative plural)
gūþcyning (accusative singular)
gūþcyningas (accusative plural)
gūþcyninges (genitive singular)
gūþcyninga (genitive plural)
gūþcyninge (dative singular)
gūþcyningum (dative plural)


carlmann

carlmann (nominative singular)
carlmenn (nominative plural)
carlmann (accusative singular)
carlmenn (accusative plural)
carlmannes (genitive singular)
carlmanna (genitive plural)
carlmenn (dative singular)
carlmannum (dative plural)

From carl (“freeman, man, male”) + mann (“person”)


swegen

desctree

Middle English: swayn, sweine, sweyn, sueyn, swain, sweyn, swein, swaine, sweyne, swane
English: swain
Scots: swaine, swane

Borrowed from Old Norse sveinn, from Proto-Germanic *swainaz (“relative, young man, servant”), from Proto-Indo-European *swé (“oneself; separate; apart”).