maga

māga (canonical masculine)
māga (nominative singular)
māgan (nominative plural)
māgan (accusative singular)
māgan (accusative plural)
māgan (genitive singular)
māgena (genitive plural)
māgan (dative singular)
māgum (dative plural)

i

merged with descendant of Old English <i class="Latn mention" lang="ang">mǣġ</i>

Middle English: maȝe, mæȝe, mæi, mei, mey (merged with descendant of Old English mǣġ)

English: may (“kinsman”) (obsolete)

From Proto-West Germanic *māg.
Cognates
Cognate with Old Frisian mēch (“relative, kinsman”), Old Saxon māg (“a relation”), Old High German māg (“relative, kinsman”), Old Norse mágr (“father-in-law”), Gothic 𐌼𐌴𐌲𐍃 (mēgs, “son-in-law”). More at may.


bearn

bearn (nominative singular)
bearn (nominative plural)
bearn (accusative singular)
bearn (accusative plural)
bearnes (genitive singular)
bearna (genitive plural)
bearne (dative singular)
bearnum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: barn, bern, bearn, bærn, barne, berne, baren
English: barn (obsolete, dialectal)
Geordie English: bairn
Scots: bairn
→ English: bairn
Yola: barrn

From Proto-West Germanic *barn.
Cognate with Old Frisian bern, Old Saxon barn, Old Dutch *barn, Old High German barn, Old Norse barn, Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽 (barn). Related to beran.

late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy
Swīðe wynsum hit biþ þæt man wīf hæbbe and bearn.

It is very pleasant to have a wife and children.

late 9th century, Old English Martyrology
Hīe wǣron twēntiġ ġēara samod ǣr þon þe hīe bearn hæfdon.

They were together for twenty years before they had a child.

c. 990, Wessex Gospels, "Gospel of Saint John", chapter 13, verse 33

O children, now yet I am little time with you. You seek me; and as I told the Jews, You cannot go to there which I go; and now I tell you.

Lā bearn, nū gȳt ic eom ġehwǣde tīd mid ēow. Ġē mē sēceað; and swā ic þām Iudeon sǣde, Ġē ne magon faran þyder þe ic fare; and nū ic ēow secge.


sunu

suna (nominative plural)
sunu (nominative singular)
suna (nominative plural)
sunu (accusative singular)
suna (accusative plural)
suna (genitive singular)
suna (genitive plural)
suna (dative singular)
sunum (dative plural)

Middle English: sone, sune

English: son

Scots: son

From Proto-West Germanic *sunu, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz, from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús.
Germanic cognates include Old Frisian sunu, Old Saxon sunu, Dutch zoon, Old High German sunu (German Sohn), Old Norse sonr (Swedish son), Gothic 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌿𐍃 (sunus). The Indo-European root is also the source of Sanskrit सूनु (sūnu), Lithuanian sūnus, Proto-Slavic *synъ (Old Church Slavonic сꙑнъ (synŭ), Russian сын (syn)); and more distantly of Ancient Greek υἱύς (huiús), Old Irish suth (“birth, fruit”).

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint George, Martyr"
Nāst þū lā Geori þæt ūre godas swincað mid þē and ġit hī synd ġeþyldiġe þæt hī þe miltsion. Nū lǣre ic ðē swā swā lēofne sunu þæt ðū þæra cristenra lāre forlǣte mid ealle and tō mīnum rǣde hraðe ġebūge swā þæt ðū offriġe þām ārwurðan Appoline and þū mycelne wurðmynt miht swā beġitan.

Knowest thou not, O George, that our gods are striving with thee, and even yet they are patient, that they may pity thee; now I exhort thee, as a beloved son, that thou altogether quit the Christians' doctrine, and quickly incline to my counsel, so that thou sacrifice to the venerable Apollo, and thou mayest so obtain great honour.


sunsunu

sunsuna (nominative plural)
sunsunu (nominative singular)
sunsuna (nominative plural)
sunsunu (accusative singular)
sunsuna (accusative plural)
sunsuna (genitive singular)
sunsuna (genitive plural)
sunsuna (dative singular)
sunsunum (dative plural)

Reduplication of sunu. For similar formations, compare Swedish sonson, dotterdotter, barnbarn.

grandson (lit., "son's son", specifically the son of one's son)


eam

From Proto-Germanic *immi (“I am”), a form of *wesaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésmi (“am”). More at am.

Mercian and Early West Saxon form of eom


fæder

fæder (nominative singular)
fæderas (nominative plural)
fæder (accusative singular)
fæderas (accusative plural)
fæder (genitive singular)
fæderes (genitive singular)
fædera (genitive plural)
fæder (dative singular)
fædere (dative singular)
fæderum (dative plural)

Middle English: fader, fæder, faderr, fadir, fadyr, fadur, feder, vader, veder, faðer, father, ffader
English: father
→ Marshallese: bata
Gullah: farruh
Scots: faither, fader, faether, faider, father, fither
Yola: vather

→ English: faeder

From Proto-West Germanic *fader, from Proto-Germanic *fadēr, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.
Old Germanic cognates: Old Frisian feder, Old Saxon fadar, Old Dutch fader, Old High German fater, Old Norse faðir, Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌳𐌰𐍂 (fadar).


broþor

brōþor (canonical masculine)
brōþor (nominative singular)
brōþor (nominative plural)
ġebrōþor (nominative plural)
brōþra (nominative plural)
ġebrōþra (nominative plural)
brōþru (nominative plural)
ġebrōþru (nominative plural)
brōþor (accusative singular)
brōþor (accusative plural)
ġebrōþor (accusative plural)
brōþra (accusative plural)
ġebrōþra (accusative plural)
brōþru (accusative plural)
ġebrōþru (accusative plural)
brōþor (genitive singular)
brōþra (genitive plural)
ġebrōþra (genitive plural)
brēþer (dative singular)
brōþrum (dative plural)
ġebrōþrum (dative plural)

Middle English: brother
English: brother (see there for further descendants)
Scots: brither, bruther, broder, bruder
Yola: brover, brower

Mīn brōþor hæfþ twēġen cattas.

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint Maur, Abbot"
Þā ġecwæð sē abbod and ealle þā ġebrōðra þæt þēr ne mihte nā mā muneca wunian...

Then said the abbot and all the brothers, that no more monks could dwell there...


nefa

nefa (nominative singular)
nefan (nominative plural)
nefan (accusative singular)
nefan (accusative plural)
nefan (genitive singular)
nefena (genitive plural)
nefan (dative singular)
nefum (dative plural)

Middle English: neve, neave, neva, nefa, newe, neafe, nefe
English: neve

From Proto-West Germanic *nefō, from Proto-Germanic *nefô, from Proto-Indo-European *népōts.
Cognate with Old Frisian neva, Old Saxon nevo (German Low German Neev), Old High German nevo (German Neffe), Old Norse nefi; also Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬞𐬁𐬝 (napāt̰), Latin nepōs, Old Irish nia, Welsh nai, Proto-Slavic *netьjь (Slovene nečak.


eafora

eaforan (nominative plural)
eafora (nominative singular)
eaforan (nominative plural)
eaforan (accusative singular)
eaforan (accusative plural)
eaforan (genitive singular)
eaforena (genitive plural)
eaforan (dative singular)
eaforum (dative plural)

From Proto-Germanic *aferô (“offspring; descendant”), from Proto-Germanic *abar, *abur (“after; behind”).


gebedda

ġebedda (canonical masculine)
ġebedda (nominative singular)
ġebeddan (nominative plural)
ġebeddan (accusative singular)
ġebeddan (accusative plural)
ġebeddan (genitive singular)
ġebeddena (genitive plural)
ġebeddan (dative singular)
ġebeddum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *gabaddjō. Cognate with Old Frisian bedda and Old Saxon gibeddio. Equivalent to ġe- + bedd + -a.

someone who lies in bed with someone else: bedfellow


aþum

āþum (canonical masculine)
āþum (nominative singular)
āþmas (nominative plural)
āþum (accusative singular)
āþmas (accusative plural)
āþmes (genitive singular)
āþma (genitive plural)
āþme (dative singular)
āþmum (dative plural)

Middle English: aþum, oþom, oþam, oþem


sweor

swēor (canonical masculine)
swēor (nominative singular)
swēoras (nominative plural)
swēor (accusative singular)
swēoras (accusative plural)
swēores (genitive singular)
swēora (genitive plural)
swēore (dative singular)
swēorum (dative plural)

Middle English: sweor

From Proto-Germanic *swehuraz, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱuros. Cognate with Old High German swehur (German Schwäher), Middle Dutch sweer, Old Old Swedish svœr, Gothic 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍂𐌰 (swaihra). The Indo-European root is also the source of Sanskrit श्वशुर (śváśura), Ancient Greek ἑκυρός (hekurós), Latin socer, Old East Slavic свекръ (svekrŭ) (Russian свёкор (svjókor)). Compare sweġer.


bonda

bonda (nominative singular)
bondan (nominative plural)
bondan (accusative singular)
bondan (accusative plural)
bondan (genitive singular)
bondena (genitive plural)
bondan (dative singular)
bondum (dative plural)

Middle English: bonde

English: bond

⇒ Medieval Latin: bondagium

→ Middle English: bondage

English: bondage

Scots: bondage

From Old Norse bóndi (“farmer; husband”, literally “dweller”).


biscop

bisċop (canonical masculine)
bisċop (nominative singular)
bisċopas (nominative plural)
bisċop (accusative singular)
bisċopas (accusative plural)
bisċopes (genitive singular)
bisċopa (genitive plural)
bisċope (dative singular)
bisċopum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: bischop, bisschop, bisshop, byschop, bishup, busshop, bushop, busschop, bysshop, bissop, biscop, bisscopp
English: bishop (see there for further descendants)
Scots: bishop

→ Old Norse: biskup
Icelandic: biskup
Faroese: biskupur
Norwegian Bokmål: biskop, bisp
Norwegian Nynorsk: biskop, bisp
Old Swedish: biskoper, biskuper
Swedish: biskop
→ Finnish: piispa
Danish: biskop

Derived from Latin episcopus, from Ancient Greek ἐπίσκοπος (epískopos, “overseer”).


fædera

fædera (nominative singular)
fæderan (nominative plural)
fæderan (accusative singular)
fæderan (accusative plural)
fæderan (genitive singular)
fæderena (genitive plural)
fæderan (dative singular)
fæderum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *fadurjō (“paternal uncle”).


tacor

tācor (canonical masculine)
tācoras (nominative plural)
tācor (nominative singular)
tācoras (nominative plural)
tācor (accusative singular)
tācoras (accusative plural)
tācores (genitive singular)
tācora (genitive plural)
tācore (dative singular)
tācorum (dative plural)

From Proto-Germanic *taikuraz (“brother-in-law”), from Proto-Indo-European *dayh₂wḗr (“husband's brother”). Akin to Old Frisian tāker (“husband's brother”), Old High German zeihhor, zeihhur, zeihhir (“husband's brother”), Middle High German zeicher (“brother-in-law”).


arcebiscop

head

arċebisċop m (nominative plural arċebisċopas)

arċebisċop (canonical masculine)
arċebisċopas (nominative plural)
arċebisċop (nominative singular)
arċebisċopas (nominative plural)
arċebisċop (accusative singular)
arċebisċopas (accusative plural)
arċebisċopes (genitive singular)
arċebisċopa (genitive plural)
arċebisċope (dative singular)
arċebisċopum (dative plural)

desc

Middle English: erchebischop, archebischop

English: archbishop

desctree

→ Old Norse: erkibiskup
Icelandic: erkibiskup
Norwegian Nynorsk: erkebiskop
Norwegian Bokmål: erkebiskop

Borrowed from Late Latin archiepiscopus, equivalent to arċe- + bisċop. Compare Old Frisian arcebiskop, Old High German erzibiscof, Old Norse erkibiskup.


genefa

ġenefa (canonical masculine)
ġenefa (nominative singular)
ġenefan (nominative plural)
ġenefan (accusative singular)
ġenefan (accusative plural)
ġenefan (genitive singular)
ġenefena (genitive plural)
ġenefan (dative singular)
ġenefum (dative plural)


godfæder

head

godfæder m (nominative plural godfæderas)

desctree

Middle English: godfader, godfæder, god-fader, godfadur, godefader, godfadyr, godfadir, godefadir, godfar
English: godfather


hæmedceorl

hǣmedċeorl (canonical masculine)
hǣmedċeorl (nominative singular)
hǣmedċeorlas (nominative plural)
hǣmedċeorl (accusative singular)
hǣmedċeorlas (accusative plural)
hǣmedċeorles (genitive singular)
hǣmedċeorla (genitive plural)
hǣmedċeorle (dative singular)
hǣmedċeorlum (dative plural)


geonga

ġeonga (canonical masculine)
ġeonga (nominative singular)
ġeongan (nominative plural)
ġeongan (accusative singular)
ġeongan (accusative plural)
ġeongan (genitive singular)
ġeongena (genitive plural)
ġeongan (dative singular)
ġeongum (dative plural)

From ġeong + -a; compare German Junge (“boy”) and German Low German Junge (“boy”).


broþorsunu

brōþorsunu (canonical masculine)
brōþorsunu (nominative singular)
brōþorsuna (nominative plural)
brōþorsunu (accusative singular)
brōþorsuna (accusative plural)
brōþorsuna (genitive singular)
brōþorsuna (genitive plural)
brōþorsuna (dative singular)
brōþorsunum (dative plural)

From brōþor (“brother”) + sunu (“son”). Compare Icelandic bróðursonur and Swedish brorson.


sweostorsunu

sweostorsunu (nominative singular)
sweostorsuna (nominative plural)
sweostorsunu (accusative singular)
sweostorsuna (accusative plural)
sweostorsuna (genitive singular)
sweostorsuna (genitive plural)
sweostorsuna (dative singular)
sweostorsunum (dative plural)

desc

Middle English: sustersone, systerson, suster sune, suster sone, soster sone, sistur sun, sister sun

English: sisterson

From Proto-West Germanic *swestersunu, from Proto-Germanic *swestērsunuz, equivalent to sweostor (“sister”) + sunu (“son”). Compare Icelandic systursonur and Swedish systerson.

late 9th century, translation of Bede's Ecclesiastical History
In þǣre þēode was in þā tīd Sǣberht cyning, Æðelberhtes swustorsunu ⁊ his hēra.

At that time Seaberht was king of that province; he was the nephew and follower of Athelberht.


dohtorsunu

dohtorsunu (nominative singular)
dohtorsuna (nominative plural)
dohtorsunu (accusative singular)
dohtorsuna (accusative plural)
dohtorsuna (genitive singular)
dohtorsuna (genitive plural)
dohtorsuna (dative singular)
dohtorsunum (dative plural)

From dohtor (“daughter”) + sunu (“son”).

grandson (lit., "daughter's son", specifically the son of one's daughter)


wæpned

wǣpned (canonical)
wǣpned (masculine nominative singular)
wǣpnedu (feminine nominative singular)
wǣpnedo (feminine nominative singular)
wǣpned (neuter nominative singular)
wǣpnedne (accusative masculine singular)
wǣpnede (accusative feminine singular)
wǣpned (accusative neuter singular)
wǣpnedes (genitive masculine singular)
wǣpnedre (feminine genitive singular)
wǣpnedes (genitive neuter singular)
wǣpnedum (dative masculine singular)
wǣpnedre (dative feminine singular)
wǣpnedum (dative neuter singular)
wǣpnede (instrumental masculine singular)
wǣpnedre (feminine instrumental singular)
wǣpnede (instrumental neuter singular)
wǣpnede (masculine nominative plural)
wǣpneda (feminine nominative plural)
wǣpnede (feminine nominative plural)
wǣpnedu (neuter nominative plural)
wǣpnedo (neuter nominative plural)
wǣpnede (accusative masculine plural)
wǣpneda (accusative feminine plural)
wǣpnede (accusative feminine plural)
wǣpnedu (accusative neuter plural)
wǣpnedo (accusative neuter plural)
wǣpnedra (genitive masculine plural)
wǣpnedra (feminine genitive plural)
wǣpnedra (genitive neuter plural)
wǣpnedum (dative masculine plural)
wǣpnedum (dative feminine plural)
wǣpnedum (dative neuter plural)
wǣpnedum (instrumental masculine plural)
wǣpnedum (feminine instrumental plural)
wǣpnedum (instrumental neuter plural)
wǣpneda (masculine nominative singular)
wǣpnede (feminine nominative singular)
wǣpnede (neuter nominative singular)
wǣpnedan (accusative masculine singular)
wǣpnedan (accusative feminine singular)
wǣpnede (accusative neuter singular)
wǣpnedan (genitive masculine singular)
wǣpnedan (feminine genitive singular)
wǣpnedan (genitive neuter singular)
wǣpnedan (dative masculine singular)
wǣpnedan (dative feminine singular)
wǣpnedan (dative neuter singular)
wǣpnedan (instrumental masculine singular)
wǣpnedan (feminine instrumental singular)
wǣpnedan (instrumental neuter singular)
wǣpnedan (masculine nominative plural)
wǣpnedan (feminine nominative plural)
wǣpnedan (neuter nominative plural)
wǣpnedan (accusative masculine plural)
wǣpnedan (accusative feminine plural)
wǣpnedan (accusative neuter plural)
wǣpnedra (genitive masculine plural)
wǣpnedena (genitive masculine plural)
wǣpnedra (feminine genitive plural)
wǣpnedena (feminine genitive plural)
wǣpnedra (genitive neuter plural)
wǣpnedena (genitive neuter plural)
wǣpnedum (dative masculine plural)
wǣpnedum (dative feminine plural)
wǣpnedum (dative neuter plural)
wǣpnedum (instrumental masculine plural)
wǣpnedum (feminine instrumental plural)
wǣpnedum (instrumental neuter plural)


eald fæder

Middle English: olde fader, eldfader

English: eldfather

Scots: eldfader

Cognate with Old Frisian aldafeder and Old Saxon aldfader.


wæpnedcynn

wǣpnedcynn (canonical neuter)
wǣpnedcynn (nominative singular)
wǣpnedcynn (accusative singular)
wǣpnedcynnes (genitive singular)
wǣpnedcynne (dative singular)


werhad

werhād (canonical masculine)
werhād (nominative singular)
werhād (accusative singular)
werhādes (genitive singular)
werhāde (dative singular)


þengel

þenġel (canonical masculine)
þenġel (nominative singular)
þenglas (nominative plural)
þenġel (accusative singular)
þenglas (accusative plural)
þengles (genitive singular)
þengla (genitive plural)
þengle (dative singular)
þenglum (dative plural)

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *þangil, from Proto-Germanic *þangilaz. Cognate with Old Norse þengill.


wercynn

wercynn (nominative singular)
wercynn (accusative singular)
wercynnes (genitive singular)
wercynne (dative singular)

mankind (men as a group, as opposed to womankind)


bealdor

bealdor (nominative singular)
bealdras (nominative plural)
bealdor (accusative singular)
bealdras (accusative plural)
bealdres (genitive singular)
bealdra (genitive plural)
bealdre (dative singular)
bealdrum (dative plural)


godsunu

desctree

Middle English: godsone, godeson, godson, godsonne, gosson, gossone
English: godson
Scots: godson


guþcyning

gūþcyning (canonical masculine)
gūþcyning (nominative singular)
gūþcyningas (nominative plural)
gūþcyning (accusative singular)
gūþcyningas (accusative plural)
gūþcyninges (genitive singular)
gūþcyninga (genitive plural)
gūþcyninge (dative singular)
gūþcyningum (dative plural)


carlmann

carlmann (nominative singular)
carlmenn (nominative plural)
carlmann (accusative singular)
carlmenn (accusative plural)
carlmannes (genitive singular)
carlmanna (genitive plural)
carlmenn (dative singular)
carlmannum (dative plural)

From carl (“freeman, man, male”) + mann (“person”)


swegen

desctree

Middle English: swayn, sweine, sweyn, sueyn, swain, sweyn, swein, swaine, sweyne, swane
English: swain
Scots: swaine, swane

Borrowed from Old Norse sveinn, from Proto-Germanic *swainaz (“relative, young man, servant”), from Proto-Indo-European *swé (“oneself; separate; apart”).


guþmæcga

/ˈɡuːθˌmæj.jɑ/

[ˈɡuːðˌmæd.d͡ʒɑ]


heahbiscop

hēahbisċop (canonical masculine)
hēahbisċop (nominative singular)
hēahbisċopas (nominative plural)
hēahbisċop (accusative singular)
hēahbisċopas (accusative plural)
hēahbisċopes (genitive singular)
hēahbisċopa (genitive plural)
hēahbisċope (dative singular)
hēahbisċopum (dative plural)

English: highbishop

By surface analysis, hēah (“high”) + bisċop (“bishop”)