leggen

leggen (infinitive)
leggo (first-person present singular)
leggon (first-person present singular)
legida (first-person past singular)
legis (present second-person singular)
legist (present second-person singular)
legidos (past second-person singular)
legit (present singular third-person)
legida (past singular third-person)
leggen (first-person plural present)
legidun (first-person past plural)
legit (plural present second-person)
legidut (past plural second-person)
leggent (plural present third-person)
legidun (past plural third-person)
legge (first-person present singular)
legidi (first-person past singular)
legges (present second-person singular)
leggest (present second-person singular)
legidis (past second-person singular)
legge (present singular third-person)
legidi (past singular third-person)
legidin (first-person past plural)
legget (plural present second-person)
legidit (past plural second-person)
leggen (plural present third-person)
legidin (past plural third-person)
legi (present singular)
legit (plural present)
leggendi (present)
legit (past)
gilegit (past)
leggen (infinitive)
leggo (first-person present singular)
leggon (first-person present singular)
lagda (first-person past singular)
legis (present second-person singular)
legist (present second-person singular)
lagdos (past second-person singular)
legit (present singular third-person)
lagda (past singular third-person)
leggen (first-person plural present)
lagdun (first-person past plural)
legit (plural present second-person)
lagdut (past plural second-person)
leggent (plural present third-person)
lagdun (past plural third-person)
legge (first-person present singular)
legdi (first-person past singular)
legges (present second-person singular)
leggest (present second-person singular)
legdis (past second-person singular)
legge (present singular third-person)
legdi (past singular third-person)
legdin (first-person past plural)
legget (plural present second-person)
legdit (past plural second-person)
leggen (plural present third-person)
legdin (past plural third-person)
legi (present singular)
legit (plural present)
leggendi (present)
laht (past)
gilaht (past)

Middle Dutch: leggen
Dutch: leggen
Afrikaans: lê
Berbice Creole Dutch: lek
Negerhollands: lee, leggen
Skepi Creole Dutch: lek
Limburgish: lègke

From Proto-West Germanic *laggjan, from Proto-Germanic *lagjaną.


neigen

neigen (infinitive)
neigo (first-person present singular)
neigon (first-person present singular)
neigida (first-person past singular)
neigis (present second-person singular)
neigist (present second-person singular)
neigidos (past second-person singular)
neigit (present singular third-person)
neigida (past singular third-person)
neigen (first-person plural present)
neigidun (first-person past plural)
neigit (plural present second-person)
neigidut (past plural second-person)
neigent (plural present third-person)
neigidun (past plural third-person)
neige (first-person present singular)
neigidi (first-person past singular)
neiges (present second-person singular)
neigest (present second-person singular)
neigidis (past second-person singular)
neige (present singular third-person)
neigidi (past singular third-person)
neigidin (first-person past plural)
neiget (plural present second-person)
neigidit (past plural second-person)
neigen (plural present third-person)
neigidin (past plural third-person)
neigi (present singular)
neigit (plural present)
neigendi (present)
neigit (past)
gineigit (past)

desctree

Middle Dutch: neigen
Dutch: neigen
Limburgish: neige, nèège


lian

līan (canonical)
līan (infinitive)
līo (first-person present singular)
līon (first-person present singular)
lēh (first-person past singular)
līes (present second-person singular)
līest (present second-person singular)
ligi (past second-person singular)
ligis (past second-person singular)
līet (present singular third-person)
lēh (past singular third-person)
līon (first-person plural present)
ligun (first-person past plural)
līet (plural present second-person)
ligut (past plural second-person)
līont (plural present third-person)
ligun (past plural third-person)
līe (first-person present singular)
ligi (first-person past singular)
līe (present singular third-person)
ligi (past singular third-person)
līen (first-person plural present)
ligin (first-person past plural)
ligit (past plural second-person)
līen (plural present third-person)
ligin (past plural third-person)
līh (present singular)
līet (plural present)
līandi (present)
ligan (past)
giligan (past)

Middle Dutch: liën

From Proto-West Germanic *līhwan, from Proto-Germanic *līhwaną.


lian

Middle Dutch: liën


fus

Middle Dutch: vos
Dutch: vos
Afrikaans: vos
Jersey Dutch: vośe
Negerhollands: vos
Limburgish: vósj


cuo

Middle Dutch: coe
Dutch: koe (see there for further descendants)
Limburgish: ków
West Flemish: koe


stigan

stīgan (canonical)
stīgan (infinitive)
stīgo (first-person present singular)
stīgon (first-person present singular)
stēh (first-person past singular)
stīgis (present second-person singular)
stīgist (present second-person singular)
stigi (past second-person singular)
stigis (past second-person singular)
stīgit (present singular third-person)
stēh (past singular third-person)
stīgon (first-person plural present)
stigun (first-person past plural)
stīget (plural present second-person)
stigut (past plural second-person)
stīgont (plural present third-person)
stigun (past plural third-person)
stīge (first-person present singular)
stigi (first-person past singular)
stīges (present second-person singular)
stīgest (present second-person singular)
stīge (present singular third-person)
stigi (past singular third-person)
stīgen (first-person plural present)
stigin (first-person past plural)
stigit (past plural second-person)
stīgen (plural present third-person)
stigin (past plural third-person)
stīh (present singular)
stīget (plural present)
stīgandi (present)
stigan (past)
gistigan (past)

Middle Dutch: stigen
Dutch: stijgen
Limburgish: stiege

From Proto-West Germanic *stīgan, from Proto-Germanic *stīganą.


logon

logon (infinitive)
logo (first-person present singular)
logon (first-person present singular)
logoda (first-person past singular)
logos (present second-person singular)
logost (present second-person singular)
logodos (past second-person singular)
logot (present singular third-person)
logoda (past singular third-person)
logon (first-person plural present)
logodun (first-person past plural)
logot (plural present second-person)
logodut (past plural second-person)
logont (plural present third-person)
logodun (past plural third-person)
logodi (first-person past singular)
logodis (past second-person singular)
logo (present singular third-person)
logodi (past singular third-person)
logodin (first-person past plural)
logodit (past plural second-person)
logon (plural present third-person)
logodin (past plural third-person)
logo (present singular)
logot (plural present)
logondi (present)
logot (past)
gilogot (past)


mikil

odt-decl-adj

mikil

mikil (masculine nominative singular strong)
mikile (masculine nominative plural strong)
mikil (neuter nominative singular strong)
mikile (neuter nominative plural strong)
mikil (feminine nominative singular strong)
mikilu (feminine nominative plural strong)
mikilan (accusative masculine singular strong)
mikile (accusative masculine plural strong)
mikil (accusative neuter singular strong)
mikile (accusative neuter plural strong)
mikila (accusative feminine singular strong)
mikilu (accusative feminine plural strong)
mikilis (genitive masculine singular strong)
mikilro (genitive masculine plural strong)
mikilis (genitive neuter singular strong)
mikilro (genitive neuter plural strong)
mikilro (feminine genitive singular strong)
mikilrō (feminine genitive plural strong)
mikilon (dative masculine singular strong)
mikilon (dative masculine plural strong)
mikilon (dative neuter singular strong)
mikilon (dative neuter plural strong)
mikilro (dative feminine singular strong)
mikilon (dative feminine plural strong)
mikilo (masculine nominative singular weak)
mikilu (masculine nominative plural weak)
mikila (neuter nominative singular weak)
mikilu (neuter nominative plural weak)
mikila (feminine nominative singular weak)
mikilu (feminine nominative plural weak)
mikilin (accusative masculine singular weak)
mikilin (accusative masculine plural weak)
mikila (accusative neuter singular weak)
mikilin (accusative neuter plural weak)
mikilin (accusative feminine singular weak)
mikilin (accusative feminine plural weak)
mikilin (genitive masculine singular weak)
mikilno (genitive masculine plural weak)
mikilin (genitive neuter singular weak)
mikilno (genitive neuter plural weak)
mikilin (feminine genitive singular weak)
mikilno (feminine genitive plural weak)
mikilin (dative masculine singular weak)
mikilon (dative masculine plural weak)
mikilin (dative neuter singular weak)
mikilon (dative neuter plural weak)
mikilin (dative feminine singular weak)
mikilon (dative feminine plural weak)

Middle Dutch: mēkel

Dutch: mekel (archaic)


slupan

slūpan (canonical)
slūpan (infinitive)
slūpo (first-person present singular)
slūpon (first-person present singular)
slōp (first-person past singular)
slūpis (present second-person singular)
slūpist (present second-person singular)
slupi (past second-person singular)
slupis (past second-person singular)
slūpit (present singular third-person)
slōp (past singular third-person)
slūpon (first-person plural present)
slupun (first-person past plural)
slūpet (plural present second-person)
sluput (past plural second-person)
slūpont (plural present third-person)
slupun (past plural third-person)
slūpe (first-person present singular)
slupi (first-person past singular)
slūpes (present second-person singular)
slūpest (present second-person singular)
slūpe (present singular third-person)
slupi (past singular third-person)
slūpen (first-person plural present)
slupin (first-person past plural)
slupit (past plural second-person)
slūpen (plural present third-person)
slupin (past plural third-person)
slūp (present singular)
slūpet (plural present)
slūpandi (present)
slopan (past)
gislopan (past)

Middle Dutch: slupen


sigan

sīgan (canonical)
sīgan (infinitive)
sīgo (first-person present singular)
sīgon (first-person present singular)
sēh (first-person past singular)
sīgis (present second-person singular)
sīgist (present second-person singular)
sigi (past second-person singular)
sigis (past second-person singular)
sīgit (present singular third-person)
sēh (past singular third-person)
sīgon (first-person plural present)
sigun (first-person past plural)
sīget (plural present second-person)
sigut (past plural second-person)
sīgont (plural present third-person)
sigun (past plural third-person)
sīge (first-person present singular)
sigi (first-person past singular)
sīges (present second-person singular)
sīgest (present second-person singular)
sīge (present singular third-person)
sigi (past singular third-person)
sīgen (first-person plural present)
sigin (first-person past plural)
sigit (past plural second-person)
sīgen (plural present third-person)
sigin (past plural third-person)
sīh (present singular)
sīget (plural present)
sīgandi (present)
sigan (past)
gisigan (past)

desctree

Middle Dutch: sigen
Dutch: zijgen
Limburgish: ziege


heffen

heffen (infinitive)
heffo (first-person present singular)
heffon (first-person present singular)
huof (first-person past singular)
hevis (present second-person singular)
hevist (present second-person singular)
huovi (past second-person singular)
huovis (past second-person singular)
hevit (present singular third-person)
huof (past singular third-person)
heffen (first-person plural present)
huovun (first-person past plural)
hevet (plural present second-person)
huovut (past plural second-person)
heffent (plural present third-person)
huovun (past plural third-person)
heffe (first-person present singular)
huovi (first-person past singular)
heffes (present second-person singular)
heffest (present second-person singular)
heffe (present singular third-person)
huovi (past singular third-person)
huovin (first-person past plural)
heffet (plural present second-person)
huovit (past plural second-person)
heffen (plural present third-person)
huovin (past plural third-person)
hevi (present singular)
hevet (plural present)
heffendi (present)
havan (past)
gihavan (past)

Middle Dutch: heffen
Dutch: heffen
Afrikaans: hef
Limburgish: höffe


sterken

sterken (infinitive)
sterco (first-person present singular)
stercon (first-person present singular)
sterkida (first-person past singular)
sterkis (present second-person singular)
sterkist (present second-person singular)
sterkidos (past second-person singular)
sterkit (present singular third-person)
sterkida (past singular third-person)
sterken (first-person plural present)
sterkidun (first-person past plural)
sterkit (plural present second-person)
sterkidut (past plural second-person)
sterkent (plural present third-person)
sterkidun (past plural third-person)
sterke (first-person present singular)
sterkidi (first-person past singular)
sterkes (present second-person singular)
sterkest (present second-person singular)
sterkidis (past second-person singular)
sterke (present singular third-person)
sterkidi (past singular third-person)
sterkidin (first-person past plural)
sterket (plural present second-person)
sterkidit (past plural second-person)
sterken (plural present third-person)
sterkidin (past plural third-person)
sterki (present singular)
sterkit (plural present)
sterkendi (present)
sterkit (past)
gisterkit (past)

Middle Dutch: sterken
Dutch: sterken
Limburgish: stèrke


radan

rādan (canonical)
rādan (infinitive)
rādo (first-person present singular)
rādon (first-person present singular)
riet (first-person past singular)
rādis (present second-person singular)
rādist (present second-person singular)
riedi (past second-person singular)
riedis (past second-person singular)
rādit (present singular third-person)
riet (past singular third-person)
rādon (first-person plural present)
riedun (first-person past plural)
rādet (plural present second-person)
riedut (past plural second-person)
rādont (plural present third-person)
riedun (past plural third-person)
rāde (first-person present singular)
riedi (first-person past singular)
rādes (present second-person singular)
rādest (present second-person singular)
rāde (present singular third-person)
riedi (past singular third-person)
rāden (first-person plural present)
riedin (first-person past plural)
riedit (past plural second-person)
rāden (plural present third-person)
riedin (past plural third-person)
rāt (present singular)
rādet (plural present)
rādandi (present)
rādan (past)
girādan (past)

Middle Dutch: râden
Dutch: raden
Limburgish: raoje

From Proto-West Germanic *rādan, from Proto-Germanic *rēdaną.


enon

ēnon (canonical)
ēnon (infinitive)
ēno (first-person present singular)
ēnon (first-person present singular)
ēnoda (first-person past singular)
ēnos (present second-person singular)
ēnost (present second-person singular)
ēnodos (past second-person singular)
ēnot (present singular third-person)
ēnoda (past singular third-person)
ēnon (first-person plural present)
ēnodun (first-person past plural)
ēnot (plural present second-person)
ēnodut (past plural second-person)
ēnont (plural present third-person)
ēnodun (past plural third-person)
ēnodi (first-person past singular)
ēnodis (past second-person singular)
ēno (present singular third-person)
ēnodi (past singular third-person)
ēnodin (first-person past plural)
ēnodit (past plural second-person)
ēnon (plural present third-person)
ēnodin (past plural third-person)
ēno (present singular)
ēnot (plural present)
ēnondi (present)
ēnot (past)
giēnot (past)

Middle Dutch: ênen


sian

sian (infinitive)
sio (first-person present singular)
sion (first-person present singular)
sah (first-person past singular)
sies (present second-person singular)
siest (present second-person singular)
sāgi (past second-person singular)
sāgis (past second-person singular)
siet (present singular third-person)
sah (past singular third-person)
sion (first-person plural present)
sāgun (first-person past plural)
siet (plural present second-person)
sāgut (past plural second-person)
siont (plural present third-person)
sāgun (past plural third-person)
sie (first-person present singular)
sāgi (first-person past singular)
sie (present singular third-person)
sāgi (past singular third-person)
sien (first-person plural present)
sāgin (first-person past plural)
sāgit (past plural second-person)
sien (plural present third-person)
sāgin (past plural third-person)
sih (present singular)
siet (plural present)
siandi (present)
sian (past)
gisian (past)

Middle Dutch: sien
Dutch: zien
Afrikaans: sien
Javindo: sien, siet
Jersey Dutch: zîn, zîne
Limburgish: zeen

From earlier *sehan, from Proto-West Germanic *sehwan.


sian

sīan (canonical)
sīan (infinitive)
sīo (first-person present singular)
sīon (first-person present singular)
sēh (first-person past singular)
sīes (present second-person singular)
sīest (present second-person singular)
sigi (past second-person singular)
sigis (past second-person singular)
sīet (present singular third-person)
sēh (past singular third-person)
sīon (first-person plural present)
sigun (first-person past plural)
sīet (plural present second-person)
sigut (past plural second-person)
sīont (plural present third-person)
sigun (past plural third-person)
sīe (first-person present singular)
sigi (first-person past singular)
sīe (present singular third-person)
sigi (past singular third-person)
sīen (first-person plural present)
sigin (first-person past plural)
sigit (past plural second-person)
sīen (plural present third-person)
sigin (past plural third-person)
sīh (present singular)
sīet (plural present)
sīandi (present)
sigan (past)
gisigan (past)

Middle Dutch: siën
Dutch: zien
Afrikaans: sien
Javindo: sien, siet
Jersey Dutch: zîn, zîne
Limburgish: zeen

From Proto-West Germanic *sīhwan, from Proto-Germanic *sīhwaną.


eron

ēron (canonical)
ēron (infinitive)
ēro (first-person present singular)
ēron (first-person present singular)
ēroda (first-person past singular)
ēros (present second-person singular)
ērost (present second-person singular)
ērodos (past second-person singular)
ērot (present singular third-person)
ēroda (past singular third-person)
ēron (first-person plural present)
ērodun (first-person past plural)
ērot (plural present second-person)
ērodut (past plural second-person)
ēront (plural present third-person)
ērodun (past plural third-person)
ērodi (first-person past singular)
ērodis (past second-person singular)
ēro (present singular third-person)
ērodi (past singular third-person)
ērodin (first-person past plural)
ērodit (past plural second-person)
ēron (plural present third-person)
ērodin (past plural third-person)
ēro (present singular)
ērot (plural present)
ērondi (present)
ērot (past)
giērot (past)

Middle Dutch: ēren
Dutch: eren
Afrikaans: eer
Limburgish: ieëre

From Proto-West Germanic *aiʀēn, from Proto-Germanic *aizāną. Equivalent to ēr (“honour”) + -on.


kinan

kīnan (canonical)
kīnan (infinitive)
kīno (first-person present singular)
kīnon (first-person present singular)
kēn (first-person past singular)
kīnis (present second-person singular)
kīnist (present second-person singular)
kini (past second-person singular)
kinis (past second-person singular)
kīnit (present singular third-person)
kēn (past singular third-person)
kīnon (first-person plural present)
kinun (first-person past plural)
kīnet (plural present second-person)
kinut (past plural second-person)
kīnont (plural present third-person)
kinun (past plural third-person)
kīne (first-person present singular)
kini (first-person past singular)
kīnes (present second-person singular)
kīnest (present second-person singular)
kīne (present singular third-person)
kini (past singular third-person)
kīnen (first-person plural present)
kinin (first-person past plural)
kinit (past plural second-person)
kīnen (plural present third-person)
kinin (past plural third-person)
kīn (present singular)
kīnet (plural present)
kīnandi (present)
kinan (past)
gikinan (past)

Middle Dutch: kinen


armon

armon (infinitive)
armo (first-person present singular)
armon (first-person present singular)
armoda (first-person past singular)
armos (present second-person singular)
armost (present second-person singular)
armodos (past second-person singular)
armot (present singular third-person)
armoda (past singular third-person)
armon (first-person plural present)
armodun (first-person past plural)
armot (plural present second-person)
armodut (past plural second-person)
armont (plural present third-person)
armodun (past plural third-person)
armodi (first-person past singular)
armodis (past second-person singular)
armo (present singular third-person)
armodi (past singular third-person)
armodin (first-person past plural)
armodit (past plural second-person)
armon (plural present third-person)
armodin (past plural third-person)
armo (present singular)
armot (plural present)
armondi (present)
armot (past)
giarmot (past)

Middle Dutch: armen

From Proto-West Germanic *armēn. Equivalent to arm (“poor”) + -on (“stative-fientive”) and arm (“poor”) + -on (“factitive”).


maton

māton (canonical)
māton (infinitive)
māto (first-person present singular)
māton (first-person present singular)
mātoda (first-person past singular)
mātos (present second-person singular)
mātost (present second-person singular)
mātodos (past second-person singular)
mātot (present singular third-person)
mātoda (past singular third-person)
māton (first-person plural present)
mātodun (first-person past plural)
mātot (plural present second-person)
mātodut (past plural second-person)
mātont (plural present third-person)
mātodun (past plural third-person)
mātodi (first-person past singular)
mātodis (past second-person singular)
māto (present singular third-person)
mātodi (past singular third-person)
mātodin (first-person past plural)
mātodit (past plural second-person)
māton (plural present third-person)
mātodin (past plural third-person)
māto (present singular)
mātot (plural present)
mātondi (present)
mātot (past)
gimātot (past)

Middle Dutch: mâten


ogen

ōgen (canonical)
ōgen (infinitive)
ōgo (first-person present singular)
ōgon (first-person present singular)
ōgida (first-person past singular)
ōgis (present second-person singular)
ōgist (present second-person singular)
ōgidos (past second-person singular)
ōgit (present singular third-person)
ōgida (past singular third-person)
ōgen (first-person plural present)
ōgidun (first-person past plural)
ōgit (plural present second-person)
ōgidut (past plural second-person)
ōgent (plural present third-person)
ōgidun (past plural third-person)
ōge (first-person present singular)
ōgidi (first-person past singular)
ōges (present second-person singular)
ōgest (present second-person singular)
ōgidis (past second-person singular)
ōge (present singular third-person)
ōgidi (past singular third-person)
ōgidin (first-person past plural)
ōget (plural present second-person)
ōgidit (past plural second-person)
ōgen (plural present third-person)
ōgidin (past plural third-person)
ōgi (present singular)
ōgit (plural present)
ōgendi (present)
ōgit (past)
giōgit (past)

Middle Dutch: ôgen

Dutch: ogen


sorga

sorga (nominative singular)
sorga (accusative singular)
sorge (accusative singular)
sorgan (genitive singular)
sorgan (dative singular)

Middle Dutch: sorge, zorge, soorge
Dutch: zorg
Afrikaans: sorg
Negerhollands: sorg
Sranan Tongo: sorgu
→ Caribbean Hindustani: sorgu
→ Indonesian: rawat (semantic loan)

From Proto-West Germanic *sorgu, from Proto-Germanic *surgō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *swergʰ- (“watch over, worry; be ill, suffer”).


sulan

sulan (infinitive)
sal (first-person present singular)
solda (first-person past singular)
salt (present second-person singular)
soldos (past second-person singular)
sal (present singular third-person)
solda (past singular third-person)
sulun (first-person plural present)
soldun (first-person past plural)
sulut (plural present second-person)
soldut (past plural second-person)
sulun (plural present third-person)
soldun (past plural third-person)
suli (first-person present singular)
suldi (first-person past singular)
sulis (present second-person singular)
sulist (present second-person singular)
suldis (past second-person singular)
suli (present singular third-person)
suldi (past singular third-person)
sulin (first-person plural present)
suldin (first-person past plural)
sulit (plural present second-person)
suldit (past plural second-person)
sulin (plural present third-person)
suldin (past plural third-person)
sulandi (present)
gisolt (past)

desctree

Middle Dutch: sullen
Dutch: zullen
Afrikaans: sal
Jersey Dutch: zal
Negerhollands: sa, sal
Skepi Creole Dutch: sa
Limburgish: zölle, zólle

(auxiliary) will, shall; forms the future tense


thar

Middle Dutch: dâer
Dutch: daar, d'r, er
Limburgish: daer, dao

From Proto-West Germanic *þār, from Proto-Germanic *þar.


hovit

hōvit (canonical neuter)
hōvit (nominative singular)
hōvid (nominative singular)
hōvit (nominative plural)
hōvit (accusative singular)
hōvit (accusative plural)
hōvidis (genitive singular)
-es (genitive singular)
hōvido (genitive plural)
hōvide (dative singular)
-a (dative singular)
hōvidon (dative plural)

Middle Dutch: hôvet
Dutch: hoofd
Afrikaans: hoof
→ Indonesian: hop
Negerhollands: hoofd
Limburgish: houf-, höjdj- (compounds only)

Sattos aruit an ruggi unsin, gesattos man ouir hôvit unsa

You set tribulations on our back, you set men over our heads


bedon

bedon (infinitive)
bedo (first-person present singular)
bedon (first-person present singular)
bedoda (first-person past singular)
bedos (present second-person singular)
bedost (present second-person singular)
bedodos (past second-person singular)
bedot (present singular third-person)
bedoda (past singular third-person)
bedon (first-person plural present)
bedodun (first-person past plural)
bedot (plural present second-person)
bedodut (past plural second-person)
bedont (plural present third-person)
bedodun (past plural third-person)
bedodi (first-person past singular)
bedodis (past second-person singular)
bedo (present singular third-person)
bedodi (past singular third-person)
bedodin (first-person past plural)
bedodit (past plural second-person)
bedon (plural present third-person)
bedodin (past plural third-person)
bedo (present singular)
bedot (plural present)
bedondi (present)
bedot (past)
gibedot (past)

Middle Dutch: bēden

From Proto-West Germanic *bedōn. Equivalent to beda (“prayer”) + -on.


kervan

kervan (infinitive)
kervo (first-person present singular)
kervon (first-person present singular)
carf (first-person past singular)
kirvis (present second-person singular)
kirvist (present second-person singular)
curvi (past second-person singular)
curvis (past second-person singular)
kirvit (present singular third-person)
carf (past singular third-person)
kervon (first-person plural present)
curvun (first-person past plural)
kervet (plural present second-person)
curvut (past plural second-person)
kervont (plural present third-person)
curvun (past plural third-person)
kerve (first-person present singular)
curvi (first-person past singular)
kerves (present second-person singular)
kervest (present second-person singular)
kerve (present singular third-person)
curvi (past singular third-person)
kerven (first-person plural present)
curvin (first-person past plural)
curvit (past plural second-person)
kerven (plural present third-person)
curvin (past plural third-person)
kerf (present singular)
kirf (present singular)
kervet (plural present)
kervandi (present)
corvan (past)
gicorvan (past)

Middle Dutch: kerven
Dutch: kerven

From Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ-.


neman

neman (infinitive)
nemo (first-person present singular)
nemon (first-person present singular)
nam (first-person past singular)
nimis (present second-person singular)
nimist (present second-person singular)
nāmi (past second-person singular)
nāmis (past second-person singular)
nimit (present singular third-person)
nam (past singular third-person)
nemon (first-person plural present)
nāmun (first-person past plural)
nemet (plural present second-person)
nāmut (past plural second-person)
nemont (plural present third-person)
nāmun (past plural third-person)
neme (first-person present singular)
nāmi (first-person past singular)
nemes (present second-person singular)
nemest (present second-person singular)
neme (present singular third-person)
nāmi (past singular third-person)
nemen (first-person plural present)
nāmin (first-person past plural)
nāmit (past plural second-person)
nemen (plural present third-person)
nāmin (past plural third-person)
nem (present singular)
nim (present singular)
nemet (plural present)
nemandi (present)
numan (past)
ginuman (past)

Middle Dutch: nēmen
Dutch: nemen
Afrikaans: neem
Jersey Dutch: nême
Negerhollands: neem
Skepi Creole Dutch: nemek, name
Limburgish: naeme, nömme


slan

slān (canonical)
slān (infinitive)
slā (first-person present singular)
slān (first-person present singular)
sluoh (first-person past singular)
slās (present second-person singular)
slāst (present second-person singular)
sluogi (past second-person singular)
sluogis (past second-person singular)
slāt (present singular third-person)
sluoh (past singular third-person)
slān (first-person plural present)
sluogun (first-person past plural)
slāt (plural present second-person)
sluogut (past plural second-person)
slānt (plural present third-person)
sluogun (past plural third-person)
sluogi (first-person past singular)
slā (present singular third-person)
sluogi (past singular third-person)
sluogin (first-person past plural)
sluogit (past plural second-person)
slān (plural present third-person)
sluogin (past plural third-person)
slā (present singular)
slāt (plural present)
slāndi (present)
gislān (past)
gislagan (past)

Middle Dutch: slâen
Dutch: slaan, slagen
Afrikaans: slaan, slaag
Limburgish: slaon


wirken

wirken (infinitive)
wirco (first-person present singular)
wircon (first-person present singular)
worhta (first-person past singular)
wirkis (present second-person singular)
wirkist (present second-person singular)
worhtos (past second-person singular)
wirkit (present singular third-person)
worhta (past singular third-person)
wirken (first-person plural present)
worhtun (first-person past plural)
wirkit (plural present second-person)
worhtut (past plural second-person)
wirkent (plural present third-person)
worhtun (past plural third-person)
wirke (first-person present singular)
wurhti (first-person past singular)
wirkes (present second-person singular)
wirkest (present second-person singular)
wurhtis (past second-person singular)
wirke (present singular third-person)
wurhti (past singular third-person)
wurhtin (first-person past plural)
wirket (plural present second-person)
wurhtit (past plural second-person)
wirken (plural present third-person)
wurhtin (past plural third-person)
wirki (present singular)
wirkit (plural present)
wirkendi (present)
worht (past)
giworht (past)

Middle Dutch: werken
Dutch: werken
Afrikaans: werk
Limburgish: wèrke


helan

helan (infinitive)
helo (first-person present singular)
helon (first-person present singular)
hal (first-person past singular)
hilis (present second-person singular)
hilist (present second-person singular)
hāli (past second-person singular)
hālis (past second-person singular)
hilit (present singular third-person)
hal (past singular third-person)
helon (first-person plural present)
hālun (first-person past plural)
helet (plural present second-person)
hālut (past plural second-person)
helont (plural present third-person)
hālun (past plural third-person)
hele (first-person present singular)
hāli (first-person past singular)
heles (present second-person singular)
helest (present second-person singular)
hele (present singular third-person)
hāli (past singular third-person)
helen (first-person plural present)
hālin (first-person past plural)
hālit (past plural second-person)
helen (plural present third-person)
hālin (past plural third-person)
hel (present singular)
hil (present singular)
helet (plural present)
helandi (present)
holan (past)
giholan (past)

Middle Dutch: hēlen
Dutch: helen


hupi

Middle Dutch: hope, huepe

Dutch: heup
Afrikaans: heup
Negerhollands: hep, heep

From Proto-West Germanic *hupi, from Proto-Germanic *hupiz.


igil

Middle Dutch: igel, ēgel

Dutch: egel


flitan

flītan (canonical)
flītan (infinitive)
flīto (first-person present singular)
flīton (first-person present singular)
flēt (first-person past singular)
flītis (present second-person singular)
flītist (present second-person singular)
fliti (past second-person singular)
flitis (past second-person singular)
flītit (present singular third-person)
flēt (past singular third-person)
flīton (first-person plural present)
flitun (first-person past plural)
flītet (plural present second-person)
flitut (past plural second-person)
flītont (plural present third-person)
flitun (past plural third-person)
flīte (first-person present singular)
fliti (first-person past singular)
flītes (present second-person singular)
flītest (present second-person singular)
flīte (present singular third-person)
fliti (past singular third-person)
flīten (first-person plural present)
flitin (first-person past plural)
flitit (past plural second-person)
flīten (plural present third-person)
flitin (past plural third-person)
flīt (present singular)
flītet (plural present)
flītandi (present)
flitan (past)
giflitan (past)

Middle Dutch: vliten


blindo

Middle Dutch: blinde

Dutch: blinde


feni

Middle Dutch: vēne

Dutch: veen

Middle Dutch: venne

Dutch: ven

From Proto-West Germanic *fani, from Proto-Germanic *fanją.


milta

Middle Dutch: milte

Dutch: milt

Afrikaans: milt


menen

mēnen (canonical)
mēnen (infinitive)
mēno (first-person present singular)
mēnon (first-person present singular)
mēnida (first-person past singular)
mēnis (present second-person singular)
mēnist (present second-person singular)
mēnidos (past second-person singular)
mēnit (present singular third-person)
mēnida (past singular third-person)
mēnen (first-person plural present)
mēnidun (first-person past plural)
mēnit (plural present second-person)
mēnidut (past plural second-person)
mēnent (plural present third-person)
mēnidun (past plural third-person)
mēne (first-person present singular)
mēnidi (first-person past singular)
mēnes (present second-person singular)
mēnest (present second-person singular)
mēnidis (past second-person singular)
mēne (present singular third-person)
mēnidi (past singular third-person)
mēnidin (first-person past plural)
mēnet (plural present second-person)
mēnidit (past plural second-person)
mēnen (plural present third-person)
mēnidin (past plural third-person)
mēni (present singular)
mēnit (plural present)
mēnendi (present)
mēnit (past)
gimēnit (past)

Middle Dutch: mênen
Dutch: menen
Afrikaans: meen
Limburgish: meine


uppon

uppon (infinitive)
uppo (first-person present singular)
uppon (first-person present singular)
uppoda (first-person past singular)
uppos (present second-person singular)
uppost (present second-person singular)
uppodos (past second-person singular)
uppot (present singular third-person)
uppoda (past singular third-person)
uppon (first-person plural present)
uppodun (first-person past plural)
uppot (plural present second-person)
uppodut (past plural second-person)
uppont (plural present third-person)
uppodun (past plural third-person)
uppodi (first-person past singular)
uppodis (past second-person singular)
uppo (present singular third-person)
uppodi (past singular third-person)
uppodin (first-person past plural)
uppodit (past plural second-person)
uppon (plural present third-person)
uppodin (past plural third-person)
uppo (present singular)
uppot (plural present)
uppondi (present)
uppot (past)
giuppot (past)

Middle Dutch: oppen, uppen

From Proto-West Germanic *uppōn. Equivalent to up (“up”) + -on.


duon

duon (infinitive)
duo (first-person present singular)
duon (first-person present singular)
deda (first-person past singular)
duos (present second-person singular)
duost (present second-person singular)
dedi (past second-person singular)
dedis (past second-person singular)
duot (present singular third-person)
deda (past singular third-person)
duon (first-person plural present)
dādun (first-person past plural)
duot (plural present second-person)
dādut (past plural second-person)
duont (plural present third-person)
dādun (past plural third-person)
dādi (first-person past singular)
dādis (past second-person singular)
duo (present singular third-person)
dādi (past singular third-person)
dādin (first-person past plural)
dādit (past plural second-person)
duon (plural present third-person)
dādin (past plural third-person)
duo (present singular)
duot (plural present)
duondi (present)
gidān (past)

Middle Dutch: doen
Dutch: doen
Afrikaans: doen
Berbice Creole Dutch: dun
Jersey Dutch: dûn, dûne
Negerhollands: doe, du, due
Skepi Creole Dutch: doon
→? Aukan: du
Limburgish: doon

From Proto-West Germanic *dōn, from Proto-Germanic *dōną. Cognates include Old High German tuon, Old English dōn and Old Frisian dwā.

c. 1100 CE, Leiden Willeram

c. 1100 CE, Rhinelandic Rhyming Bible

(Saint) Peter and (Saint) Paul asked if they wouldn't act like that.

petrus ande paulus baden. that se so ne deden

c. 900 CE, Die altmittel- und altniederfränkischen Psalmen und Glossen [The Old Middle and Old Low Franconian psalms and glosses]

Come, listen, and I will tell all that fear God, how he treated my soul. (Psalms 66:16)

cumit gehorit in tellon sal ic alla thia forhtit gode huo deda sela mina

c. 1100 CE, Leiden Willeram

We make all God's holidays vanish of the earth.

gehirmon duon uuir alla dag firlica godis fan erthon

(auxiliary) to make, to let, forms causative verbs

c. 1100 CE, Rhinelandic Rhyming Bible

In the same land, John the Apostle also came to his end, / in Ephesus, as I said.

in themo seluen lande dede oug johannes apostolus sinen ende / in epheso alse ik sagodo


supan

sūpan (canonical)
sūpan (infinitive)
sūpo (first-person present singular)
sūpon (first-person present singular)
sōp (first-person past singular)
sūpis (present second-person singular)
sūpist (present second-person singular)
supi (past second-person singular)
supis (past second-person singular)
sūpit (present singular third-person)
sōp (past singular third-person)
sūpon (first-person plural present)
supun (first-person past plural)
sūpet (plural present second-person)
suput (past plural second-person)
sūpont (plural present third-person)
supun (past plural third-person)
sūpe (first-person present singular)
supi (first-person past singular)
sūpes (present second-person singular)
sūpest (present second-person singular)
sūpe (present singular third-person)
supi (past singular third-person)
sūpen (first-person plural present)
supin (first-person past plural)
supit (past plural second-person)
sūpen (plural present third-person)
supin (past plural third-person)
sūp (present singular)
sūpet (plural present)
sūpandi (present)
sopan (past)
gisopan (past)

Middle Dutch: supen
Dutch: zuipen
Afrikaans: suip
→ Saramaccan: zoin
Limburgish: zoepe

From Proto-West Germanic *sūpan, from Proto-Germanic *sūpaną.


innon

innon (infinitive)
inno (first-person present singular)
innon (first-person present singular)
innoda (first-person past singular)
innos (present second-person singular)
innost (present second-person singular)
innodos (past second-person singular)
innot (present singular third-person)
innoda (past singular third-person)
innon (first-person plural present)
innodun (first-person past plural)
innot (plural present second-person)
innodut (past plural second-person)
innont (plural present third-person)
innodun (past plural third-person)
innodi (first-person past singular)
innodis (past second-person singular)
inno (present singular third-person)
innodi (past singular third-person)
innodin (first-person past plural)
innodit (past plural second-person)
innon (plural present third-person)
innodin (past plural third-person)
inno (present singular)
innot (plural present)
innondi (present)
innot (past)
giinnot (past)

Middle Dutch: innen
Dutch: innen
Limburgish: inne

From Proto-West Germanic *innōn, from Proto-Germanic *innōną. Equivalent to in (“in, inside”) + -on.


helon

hēlon (canonical)
hēlon (infinitive)
hēlo (first-person present singular)
hēlon (first-person present singular)
hēloda (first-person past singular)
hēlos (present second-person singular)
hēlost (present second-person singular)
hēlodos (past second-person singular)
hēlot (present singular third-person)
hēloda (past singular third-person)
hēlon (first-person plural present)
hēlodun (first-person past plural)
hēlot (plural present second-person)
hēlodut (past plural second-person)
hēlont (plural present third-person)
hēlodun (past plural third-person)
hēlodi (first-person past singular)
hēlodis (past second-person singular)
hēlo (present singular third-person)
hēlodi (past singular third-person)
hēlodin (first-person past plural)
hēlodit (past plural second-person)
hēlon (plural present third-person)
hēlodin (past plural third-person)
hēlo (present singular)
hēlot (plural present)
hēlondi (present)
hēlot (past)
gihēlot (past)

Middle Dutch: helen, heilen

Dutch: helen
Afrikaans: heel

Limburgish: heile

From Proto-West Germanic *hailēn. Equivalent to hēl (“whole, healthy”) + -on.


runon

rūnon (canonical)
rūnon (infinitive)
rūno (first-person present singular)
rūnon (first-person present singular)
rūnoda (first-person past singular)
rūnos (present second-person singular)
rūnost (present second-person singular)
rūnodos (past second-person singular)
rūnot (present singular third-person)
rūnoda (past singular third-person)
rūnon (first-person plural present)
rūnodun (first-person past plural)
rūnot (plural present second-person)
rūnodut (past plural second-person)
rūnont (plural present third-person)
rūnodun (past plural third-person)
rūnodi (first-person past singular)
rūnodis (past second-person singular)
rūno (present singular third-person)
rūnodi (past singular third-person)
rūnodin (first-person past plural)
rūnodit (past plural second-person)
rūnon (plural present third-person)
rūnodin (past plural third-person)
rūno (present singular)
rūnot (plural present)
rūnondi (present)
rūnot (past)
girūnot (past)

Middle Dutch: runen

Dutch: ruinen

From Proto-West Germanic *rūnōn, *rūnēn. Equivalent to *rūna (“whisper, secret”) + -on.


suoti

Middle Dutch: soete

Dutch: zoet

Afrikaans: soet

Limburgish: zeut

From Proto-West Germanic *swōtī, from Proto-Germanic *swōtuz.


lesken

lesken (infinitive)
lesco (first-person present singular)
lescon (first-person present singular)
leskida (first-person past singular)
leskis (present second-person singular)
leskist (present second-person singular)
leskidos (past second-person singular)
leskit (present singular third-person)
leskida (past singular third-person)
lesken (first-person plural present)
leskidun (first-person past plural)
leskit (plural present second-person)
leskidut (past plural second-person)
leskent (plural present third-person)
leskidun (past plural third-person)
leske (first-person present singular)
leskidi (first-person past singular)
leskes (present second-person singular)
leskest (present second-person singular)
leskidis (past second-person singular)
leske (present singular third-person)
leskidi (past singular third-person)
leskidin (first-person past plural)
lesket (plural present second-person)
leskidit (past plural second-person)
lesken (plural present third-person)
leskidin (past plural third-person)
leski (present singular)
leskit (plural present)
leskendi (present)
leskit (past)
gileskit (past)

Middle Dutch: lesschen
Dutch: lessen

From Proto-West Germanic *laskijan, from Proto-Germanic *laskijaną.


climban

climban (infinitive)
climbo (first-person present singular)
climbon (first-person present singular)
clamp (first-person past singular)
climbis (present second-person singular)
climbist (present second-person singular)
clumbi (past second-person singular)
clumbis (past second-person singular)
climbit (present singular third-person)
clamp (past singular third-person)
climbon (first-person plural present)
clumbun (first-person past plural)
climbet (plural present second-person)
clumbut (past plural second-person)
climbont (plural present third-person)
clumbun (past plural third-person)
climbe (first-person present singular)
clumbi (first-person past singular)
climbes (present second-person singular)
climbest (present second-person singular)
climbe (present singular third-person)
clumbi (past singular third-person)
climben (first-person plural present)
clumbin (first-person past plural)
clumbit (past plural second-person)
climben (plural present third-person)
clumbin (past plural third-person)
climp (present singular)
climbet (plural present)
climbandi (present)
clumban (past)
giclumban (past)

Middle Dutch: climmen
Dutch: klimmen
Limburgish: klumme, klömme


sinnan

sinnan (infinitive)
sinno (first-person present singular)
sinnon (first-person present singular)
san (first-person past singular)
sinnis (present second-person singular)
sinnist (present second-person singular)
sunni (past second-person singular)
sunnis (past second-person singular)
sinnit (present singular third-person)
san (past singular third-person)
sinnon (first-person plural present)
sunnun (first-person past plural)
sinnet (plural present second-person)
sunnut (past plural second-person)
sinnont (plural present third-person)
sunnun (past plural third-person)
sinne (first-person present singular)
sunni (first-person past singular)
sinnes (present second-person singular)
sinnest (present second-person singular)
sinne (present singular third-person)
sunni (past singular third-person)
sinnen (first-person plural present)
sunnin (first-person past plural)
sunnit (past plural second-person)
sinnen (plural present third-person)
sunnin (past plural third-person)
sin (present singular)
sinnet (plural present)
sinnandi (present)
sunnan (past)
gisunnan (past)

Middle Dutch: sinnen

Dutch: zinnen

From Proto-West Germanic *sinnan, from Proto-Germanic *sinnaną.


bradan

brādan (canonical)
brādan (infinitive)
brādo (first-person present singular)
brādon (first-person present singular)
briet (first-person past singular)
brādis (present second-person singular)
brādist (present second-person singular)
briedi (past second-person singular)
briedis (past second-person singular)
brādit (present singular third-person)
briet (past singular third-person)
brādon (first-person plural present)
briedun (first-person past plural)
brādet (plural present second-person)
briedut (past plural second-person)
brādont (plural present third-person)
briedun (past plural third-person)
brāde (first-person present singular)
briedi (first-person past singular)
brādes (present second-person singular)
brādest (present second-person singular)
brāde (present singular third-person)
briedi (past singular third-person)
brāden (first-person plural present)
briedin (first-person past plural)
briedit (past plural second-person)
brāden (plural present third-person)
briedin (past plural third-person)
brāt (present singular)
brādet (plural present)
brādandi (present)
brādan (past)
gibrādan (past)

Middle Dutch: brâden
Dutch: braden
Afrikaans: braai
→ English: braai
Berbice Creole Dutch: brai
Negerhollands: braen
Petjo: brajen
Skepi Creole Dutch: brai
→ Sranan Tongo: brai
Limburgish: braoje


riki

Middle Dutch: rike

Dutch: rijk

Afrikaans: ryk

From Proto-West Germanic *rīkī (“kingdom, realm”).


riki

Middle Dutch: rike

Dutch: rijk

Afrikaans: ryk

Limburgish: riek

From Proto-West Germanic *rīkī (“mighty, rich”).


deren

deren (infinitive)
dero (first-person present singular)
deron (first-person present singular)
derida (first-person past singular)
deris (present second-person singular)
derist (present second-person singular)
deridos (past second-person singular)
derit (present singular third-person)
derida (past singular third-person)
deren (first-person plural present)
deridun (first-person past plural)
derit (plural present second-person)
deridut (past plural second-person)
derent (plural present third-person)
deridun (past plural third-person)
dere (first-person present singular)
deridi (first-person past singular)
deres (present second-person singular)
derest (present second-person singular)
deridis (past second-person singular)
dere (present singular third-person)
deridi (past singular third-person)
deridin (first-person past plural)
deret (plural present second-person)
deridit (past plural second-person)
deren (plural present third-person)
deridin (past plural third-person)
deri (present singular)
derit (plural present)
derendi (present)
derit (past)
giderit (past)

Middle Dutch: deren

Dutch: deren

Limburgish: dere, dieëre

Rhinelandic Rhyming Bible, early 12th century;
Unson lichamen maht tu daren, the sielen solen zo genathen uaren.

You can hurt our bodies, the souls will go to (the state of) grace.


tredan

tredan (infinitive)
tredo (first-person present singular)
tredon (first-person present singular)
trat (first-person past singular)
tridis (present second-person singular)
tridist (present second-person singular)
trādi (past second-person singular)
trādis (past second-person singular)
tridit (present singular third-person)
trat (past singular third-person)
tredon (first-person plural present)
trādun (first-person past plural)
tredet (plural present second-person)
trādut (past plural second-person)
tredont (plural present third-person)
trādun (past plural third-person)
trede (first-person present singular)
trādi (first-person past singular)
tredes (present second-person singular)
tredest (present second-person singular)
trede (present singular third-person)
trādi (past singular third-person)
treden (first-person plural present)
trādin (first-person past plural)
trādit (past plural second-person)
treden (plural present third-person)
trādin (past plural third-person)
tret (present singular)
trit (present singular)
tredet (plural present)
tredandi (present)
tredan (past)
gitredan (past)

desctree

Middle Dutch: trēden
Dutch: treden
Afrikaans: tree
Limburgish: traeje

From Proto-West Germanic *tredan, from Proto-Germanic *trudaną.


quedden

quedden (infinitive)
queddo (first-person present singular)
queddon (first-person present singular)
quedida (first-person past singular)
quedis (present second-person singular)
quedist (present second-person singular)
quedidos (past second-person singular)
quedit (present singular third-person)
quedida (past singular third-person)
quedden (first-person plural present)
quedidun (first-person past plural)
quedit (plural present second-person)
quedidut (past plural second-person)
queddent (plural present third-person)
quedidun (past plural third-person)
quedde (first-person present singular)
quedidi (first-person past singular)
queddes (present second-person singular)
queddest (present second-person singular)
quedidis (past second-person singular)
quedde (present singular third-person)
quedidi (past singular third-person)
quedidin (first-person past plural)
queddet (plural present second-person)
quedidit (past plural second-person)
quedden (plural present third-person)
quedidin (past plural third-person)
quedi (present singular)
quedit (plural present)
queddendi (present)
quedit (past)
giquedit (past)

Middle Dutch: quedden
Dutch: kwedden


stier

Middle Dutch: stier

Dutch: stier
Afrikaans: stier


farro

farro (nominative singular)
farron (nominative plural)
-un (nominative plural)
farro (accusative singular)
farron (accusative plural)
-un (accusative plural)
farrin (genitive singular)
farrono (genitive plural)
farron (dative singular)
-in (dative singular)
farron (dative plural)

Middle Dutch: varre

Dutch: var


hant

hant (nominative singular)
handi (nominative plural)
hant (accusative singular)
handi (accusative plural)
handa (genitive singular)
hando (genitive plural)
handa (dative singular)
handon (dative plural)

Middle Dutch: hant
Dutch: hand
Limburgish: handj
Zealandic: and


gardo

Middle Dutch: garde

Dutch: gaard

Limburgish: gäörd


aton

āton (canonical)
āton (infinitive)
āto (first-person present singular)
āton (first-person present singular)
ātoda (first-person past singular)
ātos (present second-person singular)
ātost (present second-person singular)
ātodos (past second-person singular)
ātot (present singular third-person)
ātoda (past singular third-person)
āton (first-person plural present)
ātodun (first-person past plural)
ātot (plural present second-person)
ātodut (past plural second-person)
ātont (plural present third-person)
ātodun (past plural third-person)
ātodi (first-person past singular)
ātodis (past second-person singular)
āto (present singular third-person)
ātodi (past singular third-person)
ātodin (first-person past plural)
ātodit (past plural second-person)
āton (plural present third-person)
ātodin (past plural third-person)
āto (present singular)
ātot (plural present)
ātondi (present)
ātot (past)
giātot (past)

Middle Dutch: âten

From Proto-West Germanic *ātōn. Equivalent to at + -on.


lant

lant (nominative singular)
lant (nominative plural)
lant (accusative singular)
lant (accusative plural)
lantis (genitive singular)
-es (genitive singular)
lanto (genitive plural)
lante (dative singular)
-i (dative singular)
lanton (dative plural)

Middle Dutch: lant
Dutch: land
Afrikaans: land
Berbice Creole Dutch: alanda, landi
Negerhollands: land, lant, lan
Skepi Creole Dutch: land, lantta
→ Sranan Tongo: lanti (see there for further descendants)
>? Javanese: ꦭꦤ꧀ (lan)
Limburgish: landj
Zealandic: land


fadar

Middle Dutch: vāder, vaer (loss of -d-)
Dutch: vader, (obsolete) vaeder, vaar, vaâr, vaêr
Afrikaans: vader
Berbice Creole Dutch: fadir
Javindo: fader
Jersey Dutch: vâder
Negerhollands: vader
Skepi Creole Dutch: father
Limburgish: vajer, vader


buti

Middle Dutch: *buute, *buete

Dutch: buit, buyt, buet (archaic)
Afrikaans: buit
→ West Frisian: bût, bút

→ Middle Low German: bûte f, büte
→ Middle High German: biute
German: Beute
Yiddish: בײַטן (baytn)
→ Old Czech: bít, bíta
Early Modern Czech: bít, bíta
→ Old Norse: býti n
Icelandic: býti
Swedish: byte
Old Danish: bythæ
Danish: bytte

→? Vulgar Latin: *būtinus (or *boudinus ← Gaulish *boudi)

Old French: butin (“spoils, plunder; allotment”), botin
Middle French: butin
French: butin
→ Breton: butin
→ Catalan: botí
→ Middle English: bottyne, botye, buty
English: booty, bootyn (archaic)

⇒ Old French: butiner

→ Middle Dutch: butineren

Etymological Dictionary of the German Language

de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Uncertain; possibly borrowed from Gaulish *boudi, from Proto-Celtic *boudi (“profit, gains; victory”), or perhaps from Proto-West Germanic *biūtijan, from *bi- (locative prefix) + *ūt (“out, outward”) + *-jan.

af

bytte

→ Old Norse: býta (or ← Middle Dutch); Danish


dwinan

dwīnan (canonical)
dwīnan (infinitive)
dwīno (first-person present singular)
dwīnon (first-person present singular)
dwēn (first-person past singular)
dwīnis (present second-person singular)
dwīnist (present second-person singular)
dwini (past second-person singular)
dwinis (past second-person singular)
dwīnit (present singular third-person)
dwēn (past singular third-person)
dwīnon (first-person plural present)
dwinun (first-person past plural)
dwīnet (plural present second-person)
dwinut (past plural second-person)
dwīnont (plural present third-person)
dwinun (past plural third-person)
dwīne (first-person present singular)
dwini (first-person past singular)
dwīnes (present second-person singular)
dwīnest (present second-person singular)
dwīne (present singular third-person)
dwini (past singular third-person)
dwīnen (first-person plural present)
dwinin (first-person past plural)
dwinit (past plural second-person)
dwīnen (plural present third-person)
dwinin (past plural third-person)
dwīn (present singular)
dwīnet (plural present)
dwīnandi (present)
dwinan (past)
gidwinan (past)

Middle Dutch: dwinen

⇒ Middle Dutch: verdwinen

Dutch: verdwijnen


blasan

blāsan (canonical)
blāsan (infinitive)
blāso (first-person present singular)
blāson (first-person present singular)
blies (first-person past singular)
blāsis (present second-person singular)
blāsist (present second-person singular)
bliesi (past second-person singular)
bliesis (past second-person singular)
blāsit (present singular third-person)
blies (past singular third-person)
blāson (first-person plural present)
bliesun (first-person past plural)
blāset (plural present second-person)
bliesut (past plural second-person)
blāsont (plural present third-person)
bliesun (past plural third-person)
blāse (first-person present singular)
bliesi (first-person past singular)
blāses (present second-person singular)
blāsest (present second-person singular)
blāse (present singular third-person)
bliesi (past singular third-person)
blāsen (first-person plural present)
bliesin (first-person past plural)
bliesit (past plural second-person)
blāsen (plural present third-person)
bliesin (past plural third-person)
blās (present singular)
blāset (plural present)
blāsandi (present)
blāsan (past)
giblāsan (past)

desctree

Middle Dutch: blâsen
Dutch: blazen
Limburgish: blaoze
Zealandic: blaeze
→ French: blaser

From Proto-West Germanic *blāsan (“to blow”).


meron

mēron (canonical)
mēron (infinitive)
mēro (first-person present singular)
mēron (first-person present singular)
mēroda (first-person past singular)
mēros (present second-person singular)
mērost (present second-person singular)
mērodos (past second-person singular)
mērot (present singular third-person)
mēroda (past singular third-person)
mēron (first-person plural present)
mērodun (first-person past plural)
mērot (plural present second-person)
mērodut (past plural second-person)
mēront (plural present third-person)
mērodun (past plural third-person)
mērodi (first-person past singular)
mērodis (past second-person singular)
mēro (present singular third-person)
mērodi (past singular third-person)
mērodin (first-person past plural)
mērodit (past plural second-person)
mēron (plural present third-person)
mērodin (past plural third-person)
mēro (present singular)
mērot (plural present)
mērondi (present)
mērot (past)
gimērot (past)

Middle Dutch: mêren

Dutch: meren (obsolete)

From a merger of:
* Proto-West Germanic *maiʀōn. Equivalent to mēr (“more”) + -on (“factitive suffix”).
* Proto-West Germanic *maiʀēn. Equivalent to mēr (“more”) + -on (“stative-fientive suffix”).


facon

facon (infinitive)
faco (first-person present singular)
facon (first-person present singular)
facoda (first-person past singular)
facos (present second-person singular)
facost (present second-person singular)
facodos (past second-person singular)
facot (present singular third-person)
facoda (past singular third-person)
facon (first-person plural present)
facodun (first-person past plural)
facot (plural present second-person)
facodut (past plural second-person)
facont (plural present third-person)
facodun (past plural third-person)
facodi (first-person past singular)
facodis (past second-person singular)
faco (present singular third-person)
facodi (past singular third-person)
facodin (first-person past plural)
facodit (past plural second-person)
facon (plural present third-person)
facodin (past plural third-person)
faco (present singular)
facot (plural present)
facondi (present)
facot (past)
gifacot (past)

Middle Dutch: vāken


keiser

keisere (nominative singular)
-i (nominative singular)
keisere (nominative plural)
-i (nominative plural)
keisere (accusative singular)
-i (accusative singular)
keisere (accusative plural)
-i (accusative plural)
keiseres (genitive singular)
-is (genitive singular)
keisero (genitive plural)
keisere (dative singular)
-i (dative singular)
keiseron (dative plural)

Middle Dutch: keiser

Dutch: keizer


enden

enden (infinitive)
endo (first-person present singular)
endon (first-person present singular)
endida (first-person past singular)
endis (present second-person singular)
endist (present second-person singular)
endidos (past second-person singular)
endit (present singular third-person)
endida (past singular third-person)
enden (first-person plural present)
endidun (first-person past plural)
endit (plural present second-person)
endidut (past plural second-person)
endent (plural present third-person)
endidun (past plural third-person)
ende (first-person present singular)
endidi (first-person past singular)
endes (present second-person singular)
endest (present second-person singular)
endidis (past second-person singular)
ende (present singular third-person)
endidi (past singular third-person)
endidin (first-person past plural)
endet (plural present second-person)
endidit (past plural second-person)
enden (plural present third-person)
endidin (past plural third-person)
endi (present singular)
endit (plural present)
endendi (present)
endit (past)
giendit (past)

Middle Dutch: enden


kint

kint (nominative singular)
kint (nominative plural)
kind (nominative plural)
kint (accusative singular)
kint (accusative plural)
kindes (genitive singular)
kinde (genitive plural)
-o (genitive plural)
kinde (dative singular)
kinden (dative plural)
-on (dative plural)

desctree

Middle Dutch: kint
Dutch: kind
Afrikaans: kind
Jersey Dutch: känt
Negerhollands: kind, kint, kin, ken
Skepi Creole Dutch: kente, kinte
Limburgish: kindj

From Proto-West Germanic *kind (“child”).


bodo

Middle Dutch: bōde

Dutch: bode

Afrikaans: bode


thie

From earlier thē, replacing the original masculine and feminine nominative forms from Proto-Germanic *sa, by analogy with the adjective inflection.


thie

thie (masculine nominative singular)
that (neuter nominative singular)
thie-a (feminine nominative singular)
thia (nominative plural)
thana (accusative masculine singular)
that (accusative neuter singular)
thie-a (accusative feminine singular)
thia (accusative plural)
thes (genitive masculine singular)
thes (genitive neuter singular)
thero (feminine genitive singular)
thero (genitive plural)
themo (dative masculine singular)
themo (dative neuter singular)
thero (dative feminine singular)
then (dative plural)
thīu (instrumental masculine neuter singular)

Middle Dutch: die

Dutch: de, de

Afrikaans: die

Limburgish: dae


ludon

lūdon (canonical)
lūdon (infinitive)
lūdo (first-person present singular)
lūdon (first-person present singular)
lūdoda (first-person past singular)
lūdos (present second-person singular)
lūdost (present second-person singular)
lūdodos (past second-person singular)
lūdot (present singular third-person)
lūdoda (past singular third-person)
lūdon (first-person plural present)
lūdodun (first-person past plural)
lūdot (plural present second-person)
lūdodut (past plural second-person)
lūdont (plural present third-person)
lūdodun (past plural third-person)
lūdodi (first-person past singular)
lūdodis (past second-person singular)
lūdo (present singular third-person)
lūdodi (past singular third-person)
lūdodin (first-person past plural)
lūdodit (past plural second-person)
lūdon (plural present third-person)
lūdodin (past plural third-person)
lūdo (present singular)
lūdot (plural present)
lūdondi (present)
lūdot (past)
gilūdot (past)

Middle Dutch: luden

From Proto-West Germanic *hlūdēn (class 3 weak).


manon

manon (infinitive)
mano (first-person present singular)
manon (first-person present singular)
manoda (first-person past singular)
manos (present second-person singular)
manost (present second-person singular)
manodos (past second-person singular)
manot (present singular third-person)
manoda (past singular third-person)
manon (first-person plural present)
manodun (first-person past plural)
manot (plural present second-person)
manodut (past plural second-person)
manont (plural present third-person)
manodun (past plural third-person)
manodi (first-person past singular)
manodis (past second-person singular)
mano (present singular third-person)
manodi (past singular third-person)
manodin (first-person past plural)
manodit (past plural second-person)
manon (plural present third-person)
manodin (past plural third-person)
mano (present singular)
manot (plural present)
manondi (present)
manot (past)
gimanot (past)

Middle Dutch: mānen


umbe

desctree

Middle Dutch: omme, ombe, om
Dutch: om
Afrikaans: om
Limburgish: ómb, óm

From Proto-West Germanic *umbi, from Proto-Germanic *umbi.


froston

froston (infinitive)
frosto (first-person present singular)
froston (first-person present singular)
frostoda (first-person past singular)
frostos (present second-person singular)
frostost (present second-person singular)
frostodos (past second-person singular)
frostot (present singular third-person)
frostoda (past singular third-person)
froston (first-person plural present)
frostodun (first-person past plural)
frostot (plural present second-person)
frostodut (past plural second-person)
frostont (plural present third-person)
frostodun (past plural third-person)
frostodi (first-person past singular)
frostodis (past second-person singular)
frosto (present singular third-person)
frostodi (past singular third-person)
frostodin (first-person past plural)
frostodit (past plural second-person)
froston (plural present third-person)
frostodin (past plural third-person)
frosto (present singular)
frostot (plural present)
frostondi (present)
frostot (past)
gifrostot (past)

Middle Dutch: vorsten

Dutch: vorsten

From Proto-West Germanic *frostēn, from Proto-Germanic *frustāną. Equivalent to *frost (“frost”) + -on.


ramon

ramon (infinitive)
ramo (first-person present singular)
ramon (first-person present singular)
ramoda (first-person past singular)
ramos (present second-person singular)
ramost (present second-person singular)
ramodos (past second-person singular)
ramot (present singular third-person)
ramoda (past singular third-person)
ramon (first-person plural present)
ramodun (first-person past plural)
ramot (plural present second-person)
ramodut (past plural second-person)
ramont (plural present third-person)
ramodun (past plural third-person)
ramodi (first-person past singular)
ramodis (past second-person singular)
ramo (present singular third-person)
ramodi (past singular third-person)
ramodin (first-person past plural)
ramodit (past plural second-person)
ramon (plural present third-person)
ramodin (past plural third-person)
ramo (present singular)
ramot (plural present)
ramondi (present)
ramot (past)
giramot (past)

Middle Dutch: rāmen

Dutch: ramen

Afrikaans: raam

From rama (“frame”) + -on. Not to be confused with *rāmōn (“to aim for”).


ramon

rāmon (canonical)
rāmon (infinitive)
rāmo (first-person present singular)
rāmon (first-person present singular)
rāmoda (first-person past singular)
rāmos (present second-person singular)
rāmost (present second-person singular)
rāmodos (past second-person singular)
rāmot (present singular third-person)
rāmoda (past singular third-person)
rāmon (first-person plural present)
rāmodun (first-person past plural)
rāmot (plural present second-person)
rāmodut (past plural second-person)
rāmont (plural present third-person)
rāmodun (past plural third-person)
rāmodi (first-person past singular)
rāmodis (past second-person singular)
rāmo (present singular third-person)
rāmodi (past singular third-person)
rāmodin (first-person past plural)
rāmodit (past plural second-person)
rāmon (plural present third-person)
rāmodin (past plural third-person)
rāmo (present singular)
rāmot (plural present)
rāmondi (present)
rāmot (past)
girāmot (past)

Middle Dutch: râmen

Dutch: ramen

Afrikaans: raam

From Proto-West Germanic *rāmēn. Equivalent to *rām (“aim, goal”) + -on. Not to be confused with attested ramōn (“to establish”).


fragon

frāgon (canonical)
frāgon (infinitive)
frāgo (first-person present singular)
frāgon (first-person present singular)
frāgoda (first-person past singular)
frāgos (present second-person singular)
frāgost (present second-person singular)
frāgodos (past second-person singular)
frāgot (present singular third-person)
frāgoda (past singular third-person)
frāgon (first-person plural present)
frāgodun (first-person past plural)
frāgot (plural present second-person)
frāgodut (past plural second-person)
frāgont (plural present third-person)
frāgodun (past plural third-person)
frāgodi (first-person past singular)
frāgodis (past second-person singular)
frāgo (present singular third-person)
frāgodi (past singular third-person)
frāgodin (first-person past plural)
frāgodit (past plural second-person)
frāgon (plural present third-person)
frāgodin (past plural third-person)
frāgo (present singular)
frāgot (plural present)
frāgondi (present)
frāgot (past)
gifrāgot (past)

Middle Dutch: vrâgen
Dutch: vragen
Limburgish: vraoge

From Proto-West Germanic *frāgēn, *frāgōn. Equivalent to frāga (“question”) + -on.


planton

planton (infinitive)
planto (first-person present singular)
planton (first-person present singular)
plantoda (first-person past singular)
plantos (present second-person singular)
plantost (present second-person singular)
plantodos (past second-person singular)
plantot (present singular third-person)
plantoda (past singular third-person)
planton (first-person plural present)
plantodun (first-person past plural)
plantot (plural present second-person)
plantodut (past plural second-person)
plantont (plural present third-person)
plantodun (past plural third-person)
plantodi (first-person past singular)
plantodis (past second-person singular)
planto (present singular third-person)
plantodi (past singular third-person)
plantodin (first-person past plural)
plantodit (past plural second-person)
planton (plural present third-person)
plantodin (past plural third-person)
planto (present singular)
plantot (plural present)
plantondi (present)
plantot (past)
giplantot (past)

Middle Dutch: planten
Dutch: planten
Limburgish: plantje

From Proto-West Germanic *plantōn, which was borrowed from Latin plantō. Equivalent to *planta (“plant”) + -on.


togen

tōgen (canonical)
tōgen (infinitive)
tōgo (first-person present singular)
tōgon (first-person present singular)
tōgida (first-person past singular)
tōgis (present second-person singular)
tōgist (present second-person singular)
tōgidos (past second-person singular)
tōgit (present singular third-person)
tōgida (past singular third-person)
tōgen (first-person plural present)
tōgidun (first-person past plural)
tōgit (plural present second-person)
tōgidut (past plural second-person)
tōgent (plural present third-person)
tōgidun (past plural third-person)
tōge (first-person present singular)
tōgidi (first-person past singular)
tōges (present second-person singular)
tōgest (present second-person singular)
tōgidis (past second-person singular)
tōge (present singular third-person)
tōgidi (past singular third-person)
tōgidin (first-person past plural)
tōget (plural present second-person)
tōgidit (past plural second-person)
tōgen (plural present third-person)
tōgidin (past plural third-person)
tōgi (present singular)
tōgit (plural present)
tōgendi (present)
tōgit (past)
gitōgit (past)

Middle Dutch: tôgen

From Proto-West Germanic *ataugijan, from Proto-Germanic *ataugijaną, from *at + *augijaną (“to display”), similar to Gothic 𐌰𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (ataugjan, “to show”).


roton

roton (infinitive)
roto (first-person present singular)
roton (first-person present singular)
rotoda (first-person past singular)
rotos (present second-person singular)
rotost (present second-person singular)
rotodos (past second-person singular)
rotot (present singular third-person)
rotoda (past singular third-person)
roton (first-person plural present)
rotodun (first-person past plural)
rotot (plural present second-person)
rotodut (past plural second-person)
rotont (plural present third-person)
rotodun (past plural third-person)
rotodi (first-person past singular)
rotodis (past second-person singular)
roto (present singular third-person)
rotodi (past singular third-person)
rotodin (first-person past plural)
rotodit (past plural second-person)
roton (plural present third-person)
rotodin (past plural third-person)
roto (present singular)
rotot (plural present)
rotondi (present)
rotot (past)
girotot (past)

Middle Dutch: rōten, rotten

Dutch: rotten, roten, reuten

From Proto-West Germanic *rotēn. Equivalent to *rot (“rotting, decaying”) + -on.


wurgen

wurgen (infinitive)
wurgo (first-person present singular)
wurgon (first-person present singular)
wurgida (first-person past singular)
wurgis (present second-person singular)
wurgist (present second-person singular)
wurgidos (past second-person singular)
wurgit (present singular third-person)
wurgida (past singular third-person)
wurgen (first-person plural present)
wurgidun (first-person past plural)
wurgit (plural present second-person)
wurgidut (past plural second-person)
wurgent (plural present third-person)
wurgidun (past plural third-person)
wurge (first-person present singular)
wurgidi (first-person past singular)
wurges (present second-person singular)
wurgest (present second-person singular)
wurgidis (past second-person singular)
wurge (present singular third-person)
wurgidi (past singular third-person)
wurgidin (first-person past plural)
wurget (plural present second-person)
wurgidit (past plural second-person)
wurgen (plural present third-person)
wurgidin (past plural third-person)
wurgi (present singular)
wurgit (plural present)
wurgendi (present)
wurgit (past)
giwurgit (past)

Middle Dutch: wurgen, worgen

Dutch: wurgen, worgen
Afrikaans: wurg

From Proto-West Germanic *wurgijan, from Proto-Germanic *wurgijaną. Compare Old English wyrġan.


halton

halton (infinitive)
halto (first-person present singular)
halton (first-person present singular)
haltoda (first-person past singular)
haltos (present second-person singular)
haltost (present second-person singular)
haltodos (past second-person singular)
haltot (present singular third-person)
haltoda (past singular third-person)
halton (first-person plural present)
haltodun (first-person past plural)
haltot (plural present second-person)
haltodut (past plural second-person)
haltont (plural present third-person)
haltodun (past plural third-person)
haltodi (first-person past singular)
haltodis (past second-person singular)
halto (present singular third-person)
haltodi (past singular third-person)
haltodin (first-person past plural)
haltodit (past plural second-person)
halton (plural present third-person)
haltodin (past plural third-person)
halto (present singular)
haltot (plural present)
haltondi (present)
haltot (past)
gihaltot (past)

Middle Dutch: houten


wanen

wānen (canonical)
wānen (infinitive)
wāno (first-person present singular)
wānon (first-person present singular)
wānida (first-person past singular)
wānis (present second-person singular)
wānist (present second-person singular)
wānidos (past second-person singular)
wānit (present singular third-person)
wānida (past singular third-person)
wānen (first-person plural present)
wānidun (first-person past plural)
wānit (plural present second-person)
wānidut (past plural second-person)
wānent (plural present third-person)
wānidun (past plural third-person)
wāne (first-person present singular)
wānidi (first-person past singular)
wānes (present second-person singular)
wānest (present second-person singular)
wānidis (past second-person singular)
wāne (present singular third-person)
wānidi (past singular third-person)
wānidin (first-person past plural)
wānet (plural present second-person)
wānidit (past plural second-person)
wānen (plural present third-person)
wānidin (past plural third-person)
wāni (present singular)
wānit (plural present)
wānendi (present)
wānit (past)
giwānit (past)

Middle Dutch: wânen
Dutch: wanen


gebet

gebet (nominative singular)
gebet (nominative plural)
gebet (accusative singular)
gebet (accusative plural)
gebetis (genitive singular)
-es (genitive singular)
gebeto (genitive plural)
gebete (dative singular)
-i (dative singular)
gebeton (dative plural)


holon

holon (infinitive)
holo (first-person present singular)
holon (first-person present singular)
holoda (first-person past singular)
holos (present second-person singular)
holost (present second-person singular)
holodos (past second-person singular)
holot (present singular third-person)
holoda (past singular third-person)
holon (first-person plural present)
holodun (first-person past plural)
holot (plural present second-person)
holodut (past plural second-person)
holont (plural present third-person)
holodun (past plural third-person)
holodi (first-person past singular)
holodis (past second-person singular)
holo (present singular third-person)
holodi (past singular third-person)
holodin (first-person past plural)
holodit (past plural second-person)
holon (plural present third-person)
holodin (past plural third-person)
holo (present singular)
holot (plural present)
holondi (present)
holot (past)
giholot (past)

Middle Dutch: holen

Dutch: holen (obsolete), hollen (backformed to the adjective)

From Proto-West Germanic *holōn, from Proto-Germanic *hulōną. Equivalent to hol (“hole”) + -on or hol (“hollow”) + -on.


siu

ik (nominative personal pronoun singular)
ic (nominative personal pronoun singular)
ih (nominative personal pronoun singular)
wī (nominative personal plural pronoun)
wīr (nominative personal plural pronoun)
mī (accusative personal pronoun singular)
mik (accusative personal pronoun singular)
mic (accusative personal pronoun singular)
uns (accusative personal plural pronoun)
unsig (accusative personal plural pronoun)
mīn (genitive personal pronoun singular)
unsa (genitive personal plural pronoun)
unser (genitive personal plural pronoun)
mī (dative personal pronoun singular)
uns (dative personal plural pronoun)
unsig (dative personal plural pronoun)
thu (nominative personal pronoun singular)
tu (nominative personal pronoun singular)
gī (nominative personal plural pronoun)
ir (nominative personal plural pronoun)
thī (accusative personal pronoun singular)
thik (accusative personal pronoun singular)
thic (accusative personal pronoun singular)
iu (accusative personal plural pronoun)
thīn (genitive personal pronoun singular)
iuwa (genitive personal plural pronoun)
iuwer (genitive personal plural pronoun)
thī (dative personal pronoun singular)
iu (dative personal plural pronoun)
hē (masculine nominative personal pronoun)
hie (masculine nominative personal pronoun)
sia (feminine nominative personal pronoun)
it (neuter nominative personal pronoun)
imo (accusative masculine personal pronoun)
sia (accusative feminine personal pronoun)
it (accusative neuter personal pronoun)
sīn (genitive masculine personal pronoun)
is (genitive masculine personal pronoun)
iro (feminine genitive personal pronoun)
is (genitive neuter personal pronoun)
imo (dative masculine personal pronoun)
iro (dative feminine personal pronoun)
imo (dative neuter personal pronoun)
sia (nominative personal plural pronoun)
sie (masc. plur.) (nominative personal plural pronoun)
sia (accusative personal plural pronoun)
sie (masc. plur.) (accusative personal plural pronoun)
iro (genitive personal plural pronoun)
im (dative personal plural pronoun)

Middle Dutch: si, sie, soe, so
Dutch: zij
Afrikaans: sy
Limburgish: zie


waden

wāden (canonical)
wāden (infinitive)
wādo (first-person present singular)
wādon (first-person present singular)
wādida (first-person past singular)
wādis (present second-person singular)
wādist (present second-person singular)
wādidos (past second-person singular)
wādit (present singular third-person)
wādida (past singular third-person)
wāden (first-person plural present)
wādidun (first-person past plural)
wādit (plural present second-person)
wādidut (past plural second-person)
wādent (plural present third-person)
wādidun (past plural third-person)
wāde (first-person present singular)
wādidi (first-person past singular)
wādes (present second-person singular)
wādest (present second-person singular)
wādidis (past second-person singular)
wāde (present singular third-person)
wādidi (past singular third-person)
wādidin (first-person past plural)
wādet (plural present second-person)
wādidit (past plural second-person)
wāden (plural present third-person)
wādidin (past plural third-person)
wādi (present singular)
wādit (plural present)
wādendi (present)
wādit (past)
giwādit (past)


flo

Middle Dutch: vlô

Dutch: vlo

Limburgish: vlouch


breiden

breiden (infinitive)
breido (first-person present singular)
breidon (first-person present singular)
breidida (first-person past singular)
breidis (present second-person singular)
breidist (present second-person singular)
breididos (past second-person singular)
breidit (present singular third-person)
breidida (past singular third-person)
breiden (first-person plural present)
breididun (first-person past plural)
breidit (plural present second-person)
breididut (past plural second-person)
breident (plural present third-person)
breididun (past plural third-person)
breide (first-person present singular)
breididi (first-person past singular)
breides (present second-person singular)
breidest (present second-person singular)
breididis (past second-person singular)
breide (present singular third-person)
breididi (past singular third-person)
breididin (first-person past plural)
breidet (plural present second-person)
breididit (past plural second-person)
breiden (plural present third-person)
breididin (past plural third-person)
breidi (present singular)
breidit (plural present)
breidendi (present)
breidit (past)
gibreidit (past)

Middle Dutch: breiden
Dutch: breien


menden

menden (infinitive)
mendo (first-person present singular)
mendon (first-person present singular)
mendida (first-person past singular)
mendis (present second-person singular)
mendist (present second-person singular)
mendidos (past second-person singular)
mendit (present singular third-person)
mendida (past singular third-person)
menden (first-person plural present)
mendidun (first-person past plural)
mendit (plural present second-person)
mendidut (past plural second-person)
mendent (plural present third-person)
mendidun (past plural third-person)
mende (first-person present singular)
mendidi (first-person past singular)
mendes (present second-person singular)
mendest (present second-person singular)
mendidis (past second-person singular)
mende (present singular third-person)
mendidi (past singular third-person)
mendidin (first-person past plural)
mendet (plural present second-person)
mendidit (past plural second-person)
menden (plural present third-person)
mendidin (past plural third-person)
mendi (present singular)
mendit (plural present)
mendendi (present)
mendit (past)
gimendit (past)


drepan

drepan (infinitive)
drepo (first-person present singular)
drepon (first-person present singular)
drap (first-person past singular)
dripis (present second-person singular)
dripist (present second-person singular)
drāpi (past second-person singular)
drāpis (past second-person singular)
dripit (present singular third-person)
drap (past singular third-person)
drepon (first-person plural present)
drāpun (first-person past plural)
drepet (plural present second-person)
drāput (past plural second-person)
drepont (plural present third-person)
drāpun (past plural third-person)
drepe (first-person present singular)
drāpi (first-person past singular)
drepes (present second-person singular)
drepest (present second-person singular)
drepe (present singular third-person)
drāpi (past singular third-person)
drepen (first-person plural present)
drāpin (first-person past plural)
drāpit (past plural second-person)
drepen (plural present third-person)
drāpin (past plural third-person)
drep (present singular)
drip (present singular)
drepet (plural present)
drepandi (present)
drepan (past)
gidrepan (past)

Middle Dutch: drēpen
Limburgish: draepe

From Proto-West Germanic *drepan, from Proto-Germanic *drepaną (“to beat, hit, strike, kill”).

inh

hiro kind drephent ad supernam Ierusalem

their children reach the heavenly Jerusalem

samo thaz wighus ouerdrephet andere gezimbere

as the watchtower surpasses other buildings


thi

Middle Dutch: di

Dutch: dij (dialectal)

From Proto-Germanic *þiz, dative of *þū.


lieht

Middle Dutch: licht

Dutch: licht


lieht

Middle Dutch: licht

Dutch: licht


drivan

drīvan (canonical)
drīvan (infinitive)
drīvo (first-person present singular)
drīvon (first-person present singular)
drēf (first-person past singular)
drīvis (present second-person singular)
drīvist (present second-person singular)
drivi (past second-person singular)
drivis (past second-person singular)
drīvit (present singular third-person)
drēf (past singular third-person)
drīvon (first-person plural present)
drivun (first-person past plural)
drīvet (plural present second-person)
drivut (past plural second-person)
drīvont (plural present third-person)
drivun (past plural third-person)
drīve (first-person present singular)
drivi (first-person past singular)
drīves (present second-person singular)
drīvest (present second-person singular)
drīve (present singular third-person)
drivi (past singular third-person)
drīven (first-person plural present)
drivin (first-person past plural)
drivit (past plural second-person)
drīven (plural present third-person)
drivin (past plural third-person)
drīf (present singular)
drīvet (plural present)
drīvandi (present)
drivan (past)
gidrivan (past)

desctree

Middle Dutch: driven
Dutch: drijven
Afrikaans: dryf, drywe
Papiamentu: drif
Limburgish: drieve

From Proto-West Germanic *drīban, from Proto-Germanic *drībaną.


cruci

Middle Dutch: crûce, crûs

Dutch: kruis
Afrikaans: kruis
Negerhollands: kroes, cruis, krus
→ Caribbean Javanese: krèis
→ Indonesian: kres

Limburgish: kruutse

West Flemish: kruus


nutu

Middle Dutch: nōte
Dutch: noot
Afrikaans: neut
Jersey Dutch: nœüt, nût
Negerhollands: neet, noot
Skepi Creole Dutch: noot
→ Papiamentu: nechi, neetsje, neetsjie (from the diminutive)
→ Saramaccan: notò
Limburgish: noeat (with unexpected oea)

From Proto-West Germanic *hnut, from Proto-Germanic *hnuts.


belgan

belgan (infinitive)
belgo (first-person present singular)
belgon (first-person present singular)
balh (first-person past singular)
bilgis (present second-person singular)
bilgist (present second-person singular)
bulgi (past second-person singular)
bulgis (past second-person singular)
bilgit (present singular third-person)
balh (past singular third-person)
belgon (first-person plural present)
bulgun (first-person past plural)
belget (plural present second-person)
bulgut (past plural second-person)
belgont (plural present third-person)
bulgun (past plural third-person)
belge (first-person present singular)
bulgi (first-person past singular)
belges (present second-person singular)
belgest (present second-person singular)
belge (present singular third-person)
bulgi (past singular third-person)
belgen (first-person plural present)
bulgin (first-person past plural)
bulgit (past plural second-person)
belgen (plural present third-person)
bulgin (past plural third-person)
belh (present singular)
bilh (present singular)
belget (plural present)
belgandi (present)
bolgan (past)
gibolgan (past)

Middle Dutch: belgen
Dutch: belgen

From Proto-West Germanic *belgan, from Proto-Germanic *belganą.


felisa

Velsen (a village in modern North Holland, the Netherlands)


ᚨᚾᚾ

From Proto-Germanic *ann, first and third person singular of *unnaną (“to grant, bestow, thank”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃neh₂- (“to enjoy”).

der

ᚺᚨ?Vᚦ?V??ᛊ:ᚨᚾᚾ:ᚲVᛊᛃᚨᛗ:ᛚᛟᚷVᚾᛊ:
haþ̣ụþụw͡as : ann : kụsjam :
logụns :
Haþuþȳwas. Ann kusjam logūns.
Haþuþyw's. I/He grant(s) a flame (i.e. brand, sword) to the select.

5th century, Bergakker inscription (transcription and translation of the other words are uncertain, many more variants have been proposed)

to give, to grant, to bestow (first and third person singular present)


sorgon

sorgon (infinitive)
sorgo (first-person present singular)
sorgon (first-person present singular)
sorgoda (first-person past singular)
sorgos (present second-person singular)
sorgost (present second-person singular)
sorgodos (past second-person singular)
sorgot (present singular third-person)
sorgoda (past singular third-person)
sorgon (first-person plural present)
sorgodun (first-person past plural)
sorgot (plural present second-person)
sorgodut (past plural second-person)
sorgont (plural present third-person)
sorgodun (past plural third-person)
sorgodi (first-person past singular)
sorgodis (past second-person singular)
sorgo (present singular third-person)
sorgodi (past singular third-person)
sorgodin (first-person past plural)
sorgodit (past plural second-person)
sorgon (plural present third-person)
sorgodin (past plural third-person)
sorgo (present singular)
sorgot (plural present)
sorgondi (present)
sorgot (past)
gisorgot (past)

desctree

Middle Dutch: sorgen
Dutch: zorgen
Afrikaans: sorg
Negerhollands: sorg
→ Aukan: solugu
→ Papiamentu: sòru
→ Saramaccan: solúgu
→ Sranan Tongo: sorgu
→ Caribbean Javanese: sorgu, nyoru, nyorgoni
→ Kari'na: sorukuma
Limburgish: zórge, zörge

From Proto-Germanic *sorgēn, from Proto-Germanic *surgāną. Equivalent to sorga (“worry”) + -on.


gian

gian (infinitive)
gio (first-person present singular)
gion (first-person present singular)
gah (first-person past singular)
gies (present second-person singular)
giest (present second-person singular)
gāgi (past second-person singular)
gāgis (past second-person singular)
giet (present singular third-person)
gah (past singular third-person)
gion (first-person plural present)
gāgun (first-person past plural)
giet (plural present second-person)
gāgut (past plural second-person)
giont (plural present third-person)
gāgun (past plural third-person)
gie (first-person present singular)
gāgi (first-person past singular)
gie (present singular third-person)
gāgi (past singular third-person)
gien (first-person plural present)
gāgin (first-person past plural)
gāgit (past plural second-person)
gien (plural present third-person)
gāgin (past plural third-person)
gih (present singular)
giet (plural present)
giandi (present)
gian (past)
gigian (past)

Middle Dutch: gien


slapan

slāpan (canonical)
slāpan (infinitive)
slāpo (first-person present singular)
slāpon (first-person present singular)
sliep (first-person past singular)
slāpis (present second-person singular)
slāpist (present second-person singular)
sliepi (past second-person singular)
sliepis (past second-person singular)
slāpit (present singular third-person)
sliep (past singular third-person)
slāpon (first-person plural present)
sliepun (first-person past plural)
slāpet (plural present second-person)
slieput (past plural second-person)
slāpont (plural present third-person)
sliepun (past plural third-person)
slāpe (first-person present singular)
sliepi (first-person past singular)
slāpes (present second-person singular)
slāpest (present second-person singular)
slāpe (present singular third-person)
sliepi (past singular third-person)
slāpen (first-person plural present)
sliepin (first-person past plural)
sliepit (past plural second-person)
slāpen (plural present third-person)
sliepin (past plural third-person)
slāp (present singular)
slāpet (plural present)
slāpandi (present)
slāpan (past)
gislāpan (past)

Middle Dutch: slâpen
Dutch: slapen
Afrikaans: slaap
Negerhollands: slaap, slap, slaep
Skepi Creole Dutch: slapi, slappe
Limburgish: slaope
Zealandic: slaepe

From Proto-West Germanic *slāpan, from Proto-Germanic *slēpaną.


drenken

drenken (infinitive)
drenco (first-person present singular)
drencon (first-person present singular)
drenkida (first-person past singular)
drenkis (present second-person singular)
drenkist (present second-person singular)
drenkidos (past second-person singular)
drenkit (present singular third-person)
drenkida (past singular third-person)
drenken (first-person plural present)
drenkidun (first-person past plural)
drenkit (plural present second-person)
drenkidut (past plural second-person)
drenkent (plural present third-person)
drenkidun (past plural third-person)
drenke (first-person present singular)
drenkidi (first-person past singular)
drenkes (present second-person singular)
drenkest (present second-person singular)
drenkidis (past second-person singular)
drenke (present singular third-person)
drenkidi (past singular third-person)
drenkidin (first-person past plural)
drenket (plural present second-person)
drenkidit (past plural second-person)
drenken (plural present third-person)
drenkidin (past plural third-person)
drenki (present singular)
drenkit (plural present)
drenkendi (present)
drenkit (past)
gidrenkit (past)

Middle Dutch: drenken

Dutch: drenken


nitan

nītan (canonical)
nītan (infinitive)
nīto (first-person present singular)
nīton (first-person present singular)
nēt (first-person past singular)
nītis (present second-person singular)
nītist (present second-person singular)
niti (past second-person singular)
nitis (past second-person singular)
nītit (present singular third-person)
nēt (past singular third-person)
nīton (first-person plural present)
nitun (first-person past plural)
nītet (plural present second-person)
nitut (past plural second-person)
nītont (plural present third-person)
nitun (past plural third-person)
nīte (first-person present singular)
niti (first-person past singular)
nītes (present second-person singular)
nītest (present second-person singular)
nīte (present singular third-person)
niti (past singular third-person)
nīten (first-person plural present)
nitin (first-person past plural)
nitit (past plural second-person)
nīten (plural present third-person)
nitin (past plural third-person)
nīt (present singular)
nītet (plural present)
nītandi (present)
nitan (past)
ginitan (past)

Middle Dutch: *niten
Dutch: nijten (dialectal)


pipan

pīpan (canonical)
pīpan (infinitive)
pīpo (first-person present singular)
pīpon (first-person present singular)
pēp (first-person past singular)
pīpis (present second-person singular)
pīpist (present second-person singular)
pipi (past second-person singular)
pipis (past second-person singular)
pīpit (present singular third-person)
pēp (past singular third-person)
pīpon (first-person plural present)
pipun (first-person past plural)
pīpet (plural present second-person)
piput (past plural second-person)
pīpont (plural present third-person)
pipun (past plural third-person)
pīpe (first-person present singular)
pipi (first-person past singular)
pīpes (present second-person singular)
pīpest (present second-person singular)
pīpe (present singular third-person)
pipi (past singular third-person)
pīpen (first-person plural present)
pipin (first-person past plural)
pipit (past plural second-person)
pīpen (plural present third-person)
pipin (past plural third-person)
pīp (present singular)
pīpet (plural present)
pīpandi (present)
pipan (past)
gipipan (past)

Middle Dutch: pipen
Dutch: pijpen, piepen
Limburgish: piepe

From Proto-West Germanic *pīpan, from Proto-Germanic *pīpaną.


skeppen

skeppen (infinitive)
skeppo (first-person present singular)
skeppon (first-person present singular)
scuop (first-person past singular)
skepis (present second-person singular)
skepist (present second-person singular)
scuopi (past second-person singular)
scuopis (past second-person singular)
skepit (present singular third-person)
scuop (past singular third-person)
skeppen (first-person plural present)
scuopun (first-person past plural)
skepet (plural present second-person)
scuoput (past plural second-person)
skeppent (plural present third-person)
scuopun (past plural third-person)
skeppe (first-person present singular)
scuopi (first-person past singular)
skeppes (present second-person singular)
skeppest (present second-person singular)
skeppe (present singular third-person)
scuopi (past singular third-person)
scuopin (first-person past plural)
skeppet (plural present second-person)
scuopit (past plural second-person)
skeppen (plural present third-person)
scuopin (past plural third-person)
skepi (present singular)
skepet (plural present)
skeppendi (present)
scapan (past)
giscapan (past)

Middle Dutch: scheppen
Dutch: scheppen
Afrikaans: skep
Limburgish: sjape


skeppen

skeppen (infinitive)
skeppo (first-person present singular)
skeppon (first-person present singular)
skeppida (first-person past singular)
skeppis (present second-person singular)
skeppist (present second-person singular)
skeppidos (past second-person singular)
skeppit (present singular third-person)
skeppida (past singular third-person)
skeppen (first-person plural present)
skeppidun (first-person past plural)
skeppit (plural present second-person)
skeppidut (past plural second-person)
skeppent (plural present third-person)
skeppidun (past plural third-person)
skeppe (first-person present singular)
skeppidi (first-person past singular)
skeppes (present second-person singular)
skeppest (present second-person singular)
skeppidis (past second-person singular)
skeppe (present singular third-person)
skeppidi (past singular third-person)
skeppidin (first-person past plural)
skeppet (plural present second-person)
skeppidit (past plural second-person)
skeppen (plural present third-person)
skeppidin (past plural third-person)
skeppi (present singular)
skeppit (plural present)
skeppendi (present)
skeppit (past)
giskeppit (past)


skilt

Middle Dutch: schilt
Dutch: schild
Afrikaans: skild
Limburgish: sjèldj, sjildj


muoder

Middle Dutch: moeder
Dutch: moeder
Afrikaans: moeder
Negerhollands: muder, moeder
Limburgish: moder
Zealandic: moeder

From Proto-West Germanic *mōder, from Proto-Germanic *mōdēr, from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr.


fuot

fuot (nominative singular)
fuoti (nominative plural)
fuot (accusative singular)
fuoti (accusative plural)
fuotis (genitive singular)
fuoto (genitive plural)
fuote (dative singular)
fuoton (dative plural)

Middle Dutch: voet
Dutch: voet
Limburgish: voot

From Proto-West Germanic *fōt, from Proto-Germanic *fōts, from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds.


werthan

Middle Dutch: werden
Dutch: worden
Afrikaans: word
Negerhollands: word
Petjo: worden
Limburgish: waere

From Proto-West Germanic *werþan, from Proto-Germanic *werþaną.


thuro

Middle Dutch: dōre
Dutch: door
Afrikaans: deur
Berbice Creole Dutch: doro
Jersey Dutch: dœr
Negerhollands: door
Petjo: door
Skepi Creole Dutch: door
Sranan Tongo: doro
Aukan: doo
Kwinti: doo, doro
Saramaccan: dóu
→ Kari'na: dorome
→ Caribbean Javanese: dhur, dhur-dhuran
→ Papiamentu: dor
Limburgish: doear, doearch, dórch
West Flemish: deur
Zealandic: deu, deur, door


wanda

Middle Dutch: want
Dutch: want


herta

herta (nominative singular)
hertin (nominative plural)
herta (accusative singular)
hertin (accusative plural)
hertin (genitive singular)
hertno (genitive plural)
hertin (dative singular)
herton (dative plural)

Middle Dutch: herte, harte
Dutch: hart
Afrikaans: hart
Limburgish: hert
West Flemish: erte