winnan

winnan (infinitive)
winno (first-person present singular)
winnon (first-person present singular)
wan (first-person past singular)
winnis (present second-person singular)
winnist (present second-person singular)
wunni (past second-person singular)
wunnis (past second-person singular)
winnit (present singular third-person)
wan (past singular third-person)
winnon (first-person plural present)
wunnun (first-person past plural)
winnet (plural present second-person)
wunnut (past plural second-person)
winnont (plural present third-person)
wunnun (past plural third-person)
winne (first-person present singular)
wunni (first-person past singular)
winnes (present second-person singular)
winnest (present second-person singular)
winne (present singular third-person)
wunni (past singular third-person)
winnen (first-person plural present)
wunnin (first-person past plural)
wunnit (past plural second-person)
winnen (plural present third-person)
wunnin (past plural third-person)
win (present singular)
winnet (plural present)
winnandi (present)
wunnan (past)
giwunnan (past)

Middle Dutch: winnen
Dutch: winnen
Afrikaans: wen, win
Berbice Creole Dutch: won
Negerhollands: win, wind
→ Sranan Tongo: wini
→ Caribbean Javanese: wini
→ Kari'na: winimary
Limburgish: winne

From Proto-West Germanic *winnan, from Proto-Germanic *winnaną.


oga

desctree

Middle Dutch: ôge
Dutch: oog
Limburgish: oug


lif

Middle Dutch: lijf

Dutch: lijf

From Proto-West Germanic *līb, from Proto-Germanic *lībą. Cognate with Old English līf, Old Frisian līf and Old High German līb


findan

findan (infinitive)
findo (first-person present singular)
findon (first-person present singular)
fant (first-person past singular)
findis (present second-person singular)
findist (present second-person singular)
fundi (past second-person singular)
fundis (past second-person singular)
findit (present singular third-person)
fant (past singular third-person)
findon (first-person plural present)
fundun (first-person past plural)
findet (plural present second-person)
fundut (past plural second-person)
findont (plural present third-person)
fundun (past plural third-person)
finde (first-person present singular)
fundi (first-person past singular)
findes (present second-person singular)
findest (present second-person singular)
finde (present singular third-person)
fundi (past singular third-person)
finden (first-person plural present)
fundin (first-person past plural)
fundit (past plural second-person)
finden (plural present third-person)
fundin (past plural third-person)
fint (present singular)
findet (plural present)
findandi (present)
fundan (past)
gifundan (past)

Middle Dutch: vinden
Dutch: vinden
Limburgish: vinje


scala

Middle Dutch: scale, schale

Dutch: schaal


metan

metan (infinitive)
meto (first-person present singular)
meton (first-person present singular)
mat (first-person past singular)
mitis (present second-person singular)
mitist (present second-person singular)
māti (past second-person singular)
mātis (past second-person singular)
mitit (present singular third-person)
mat (past singular third-person)
meton (first-person plural present)
mātun (first-person past plural)
metet (plural present second-person)
mātut (past plural second-person)
metont (plural present third-person)
mātun (past plural third-person)
mete (first-person present singular)
māti (first-person past singular)
metes (present second-person singular)
metest (present second-person singular)
mete (present singular third-person)
māti (past singular third-person)
meten (first-person plural present)
mātin (first-person past plural)
mātit (past plural second-person)
meten (plural present third-person)
mātin (past plural third-person)
met (present singular)
mit (present singular)
metet (plural present)
metandi (present)
metan (past)
gimetan (past)

Middle Dutch: mēten
Dutch: meten
Limburgish: maete


duva

Middle Dutch: duve
Dutch: duif
Afrikaans: duif
Negerhollands: dufje, difi, diffie
→ Sranan Tongo: doifi
Limburgish: doef

Leiden Willeram, late 11th century;
Thiu duva, thie thar nistelot in then steynlocheron ande in then hegge holeron,

The dove that nests in the rock fractures and the holes in the hedge,


noh

Middle Dutch: noch (“still”, adverb)

Dutch: nog
Afrikaans: nog
Berbice Creole Dutch: noko
Petjo: noh
Skepi Creole Dutch: nug

Limburgish: nag

desc

Middle Dutch: noch (“neither, nor”, conjunction), nō

Dutch: noch

Limburgish: nóch

From Proto-Germanic *nuh, whence also Old Frisian noch, Old High German noh.


golt

desctree

Middle Dutch: gout
Dutch: goud
Afrikaans: goud
Berbice Creole Dutch: gautu
Negerhollands: gaut, goud, gout
Skepi Creole Dutch: gaut
→ Sranan Tongo: gowtu
→ Caribbean Javanese: gautu
→ Saramaccan: góútu
→ Trió: koutu
Limburgish: góldj

From Proto-West Germanic *golþ, from Proto-Germanic *gulþą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰĺ̥tom.


wenden

wenden (infinitive)
wendo (first-person present singular)
wendon (first-person present singular)
wanda (first-person past singular)
wendis (present second-person singular)
wendist (present second-person singular)
wandos (past second-person singular)
wendit (present singular third-person)
wanda (past singular third-person)
wenden (first-person plural present)
wandun (first-person past plural)
wendit (plural present second-person)
wandut (past plural second-person)
wendent (plural present third-person)
wandun (past plural third-person)
wende (first-person present singular)
wendi (first-person past singular)
wendes (present second-person singular)
wendest (present second-person singular)
wendis (past second-person singular)
wende (present singular third-person)
wendi (past singular third-person)
wendin (first-person past plural)
wendet (plural present second-person)
wendit (past plural second-person)
wenden (plural present third-person)
wendin (past plural third-person)
wendi (present singular)
wendit (plural present)
wendendi (present)
want (past)
giwant (past)

Middle Dutch: wenden

Dutch: wenden

Afrikaans: wend, wende


brennen

brennen (infinitive)
brenno (first-person present singular)
brennon (first-person present singular)
branda (first-person past singular)
brennis (present second-person singular)
brennist (present second-person singular)
brandos (past second-person singular)
brennit (present singular third-person)
branda (past singular third-person)
brennen (first-person plural present)
brandun (first-person past plural)
brennit (plural present second-person)
brandut (past plural second-person)
brennent (plural present third-person)
brandun (past plural third-person)
brenne (first-person present singular)
brendi (first-person past singular)
brennes (present second-person singular)
brennest (present second-person singular)
brendis (past second-person singular)
brenne (present singular third-person)
brendi (past singular third-person)
brendin (first-person past plural)
brennet (plural present second-person)
brendit (past plural second-person)
brennen (plural present third-person)
brendin (past plural third-person)
brenni (present singular)
brennit (plural present)
brennendi (present)
brant (past)
gibrant (past)

Middle Dutch: bernen, barnen
Dutch: barnen
Limburgish: borre
⇒ Middle Dutch: branden (backformation)
Dutch: branden
Limburgish: branje, brenje


sconi

Middle Dutch: schône
Dutch: schoon
Afrikaans: skoon
→ West Frisian: skoan
Limburgish: sjoen, sjoean, sjuun, sjun

From Proto-West Germanic *skaunī, from Proto-Germanic *skauniz.


sweltan

sweltan (infinitive)
swelto (first-person present singular)
swelton (first-person present singular)
swalt (first-person past singular)
swiltis (present second-person singular)
swiltist (present second-person singular)
swulti (past second-person singular)
swultis (past second-person singular)
swiltit (present singular third-person)
swalt (past singular third-person)
swelton (first-person plural present)
swultun (first-person past plural)
sweltet (plural present second-person)
swultut (past plural second-person)
sweltont (plural present third-person)
swultun (past plural third-person)
swelte (first-person present singular)
swulti (first-person past singular)
sweltes (present second-person singular)
sweltest (present second-person singular)
swelte (present singular third-person)
swulti (past singular third-person)
swelten (first-person plural present)
swultin (first-person past plural)
swultit (past plural second-person)
swelten (plural present third-person)
swultin (past plural third-person)
swelt (present singular)
swilt (present singular)
sweltet (plural present)
sweltandi (present)
swoltan (past)
giswoltan (past)

Middle Dutch: swelten
Dutch: zwelten

From Proto-West Germanic *sweltan, from Proto-Germanic *sweltaną.


writan

wrītan (canonical)
wrītan (infinitive)
wrīto (first-person present singular)
wrīton (first-person present singular)
wrēt (first-person past singular)
wrītis (present second-person singular)
wrītist (present second-person singular)
writi (past second-person singular)
writis (past second-person singular)
wrītit (present singular third-person)
wrēt (past singular third-person)
wrīton (first-person plural present)
writun (first-person past plural)
wrītet (plural present second-person)
writut (past plural second-person)
wrītont (plural present third-person)
writun (past plural third-person)
wrīte (first-person present singular)
writi (first-person past singular)
wrītes (present second-person singular)
wrītest (present second-person singular)
wrīte (present singular third-person)
writi (past singular third-person)
wrīten (first-person plural present)
writin (first-person past plural)
writit (past plural second-person)
wrīten (plural present third-person)
writin (past plural third-person)
wrīt (present singular)
wrītet (plural present)
wrītandi (present)
writan (past)
giwritan (past)

Middle Dutch: writen
Dutch: wrijten


sprecan

sprecan (infinitive)
spreco (first-person present singular)
sprecon (first-person present singular)
sprac (first-person past singular)
sprikis (present second-person singular)
sprikist (present second-person singular)
sprāki (past second-person singular)
sprākis (past second-person singular)
sprikit (present singular third-person)
sprac (past singular third-person)
sprecon (first-person plural present)
sprācun (first-person past plural)
spreket (plural present second-person)
sprācut (past plural second-person)
sprecont (plural present third-person)
sprācun (past plural third-person)
spreke (first-person present singular)
sprāki (first-person past singular)
sprekes (present second-person singular)
sprekest (present second-person singular)
spreke (present singular third-person)
sprāki (past singular third-person)
spreken (first-person plural present)
sprākin (first-person past plural)
sprākit (past plural second-person)
spreken (plural present third-person)
sprākin (past plural third-person)
sprec (present singular)
spric (present singular)
spreket (plural present)
sprecandi (present)
sprocan (past)
gisprocan (past)

Middle Dutch: sprēken
Dutch: spreken
Limburgish: spraeke


ridan

rīdan (canonical)
rīdan (infinitive)
rīdo (first-person present singular)
rīdon (first-person present singular)
rēt (first-person past singular)
rīdis (present second-person singular)
rīdist (present second-person singular)
ridi (past second-person singular)
ridis (past second-person singular)
rīdit (present singular third-person)
rēt (past singular third-person)
rīdon (first-person plural present)
ridun (first-person past plural)
rīdet (plural present second-person)
ridut (past plural second-person)
rīdont (plural present third-person)
ridun (past plural third-person)
rīde (first-person present singular)
ridi (first-person past singular)
rīdes (present second-person singular)
rīdest (present second-person singular)
rīde (present singular third-person)
ridi (past singular third-person)
rīden (first-person plural present)
ridin (first-person past plural)
ridit (past plural second-person)
rīden (plural present third-person)
ridin (past plural third-person)
rīt (present singular)
rīdet (plural present)
rīdandi (present)
ridan (past)
giridan (past)

Middle Dutch: riden
Dutch: rijden
Limburgish: rieje

From Proto-West Germanic *rīdan, from Proto-Germanic *rīdaną.


wesan

wesan (infinitive)
sīn (infinitive)
bim (first-person present singular)
bin (first-person present singular)
was (first-person past singular)
bis (present second-person singular)
bist (present second-person singular)
wāri (past second-person singular)
is (present singular third-person)
ist (present singular third-person)
was (past singular third-person)
sīn (first-person plural present)
wārun (first-person past plural)
sīt (plural present second-person)
wārut (past plural second-person)
sint (plural present third-person)
sīn (plural present third-person)
wārun (past plural third-person)
sī (first-person present singular)
wāri (first-person past singular)
sīs (present second-person singular)
sīst (present second-person singular)
wāris (past second-person singular)
wārist (past second-person singular)
sī (present singular third-person)
wāri (past singular third-person)
wārin (first-person past plural)
wārit (past plural second-person)
wārin (past plural third-person)
wis (present singular)
wisit (plural present)
wesandi (present)
giwesan (past)

Middle Dutch: wēsen
Dutch: wezen
Afrikaans: wees
Jersey Dutch: wêze
Negerhollands: wees, wis
Limburgish: waeze

From Proto-West Germanic *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-.


crudan

crūdan (canonical)
crūdan (infinitive)
crūdo (first-person present singular)
crūdon (first-person present singular)
crōt (first-person past singular)
crūdis (present second-person singular)
crūdist (present second-person singular)
crudi (past second-person singular)
crudis (past second-person singular)
crūdit (present singular third-person)
crōt (past singular third-person)
crūdon (first-person plural present)
crudun (first-person past plural)
crūdet (plural present second-person)
crudut (past plural second-person)
crūdont (plural present third-person)
crudun (past plural third-person)
crūde (first-person present singular)
crudi (first-person past singular)
crūdes (present second-person singular)
crūdest (present second-person singular)
crūde (present singular third-person)
crudi (past singular third-person)
crūden (first-person plural present)
crudin (first-person past plural)
crudit (past plural second-person)
crūden (plural present third-person)
crudin (past plural third-person)
crūt (present singular)
crūdet (plural present)
crūdandi (present)
crodan (past)
gicrodan (past)

Middle Dutch: cruden
Dutch: kruien
Afrikaans: kruie, krui


bringan

bringan (infinitive)
bringo (first-person present singular)
bringon (first-person present singular)
brāhta (first-person past singular)
bringis (present second-person singular)
bringist (present second-person singular)
brāhtos (past second-person singular)
bringit (present singular third-person)
brāhta (past singular third-person)
bringon (first-person plural present)
brāhtun (first-person past plural)
bringit (plural present second-person)
brāhtut (past plural second-person)
bringont (plural present third-person)
brāhtun (past plural third-person)
bringe (first-person present singular)
brāhti (first-person past singular)
bringes (present second-person singular)
bringest (present second-person singular)
brāhtis (past second-person singular)
bringe (present singular third-person)
brāhti (past singular third-person)
bringen (first-person plural present)
brāhtin (first-person past plural)
bringet (plural present second-person)
brāhtit (past plural second-person)
bringen (plural present third-person)
brāhtin (past plural third-person)
bring (present singular)
bringit (plural present)
bringandi (present)
gibrāht (past)

Middle Dutch: bringen
Dutch: brengen
Afrikaans: bring
Berbice Creole Dutch: bringgi
Negerhollands: breng, bring, briṅ
Skepi Creole Dutch: brink
→? Sranan Tongo: bringi
Limburgish: bringe
West Flemish: bringen

From Proto-West Germanic *bringan, from Proto-Germanic *bringaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrenk-.


bitan

bītan (canonical)
bītan (infinitive)
bīto (first-person present singular)
bīton (first-person present singular)
bēt (first-person past singular)
bītis (present second-person singular)
bītist (present second-person singular)
biti (past second-person singular)
bitis (past second-person singular)
bītit (present singular third-person)
bēt (past singular third-person)
bīton (first-person plural present)
bitun (first-person past plural)
bītet (plural present second-person)
bitut (past plural second-person)
bītont (plural present third-person)
bitun (past plural third-person)
bīte (first-person present singular)
biti (first-person past singular)
bītes (present second-person singular)
bītest (present second-person singular)
bīte (present singular third-person)
biti (past singular third-person)
bīten (first-person plural present)
bitin (first-person past plural)
bitit (past plural second-person)
bīten (plural present third-person)
bitin (past plural third-person)
bīt (present singular)
bītet (plural present)
bītandi (present)
bitan (past)
gibitan (past)

Middle Dutch: biten
Dutch: bijten
Afrikaans: byt
Berbice Creole Dutch: biti
Skepi Creole Dutch: bet, bit
→? Sranan Tongo: beti
Limburgish: biete


gietan

gietan (infinitive)
gieto (first-person present singular)
gieton (first-person present singular)
gōt (first-person past singular)
giutis (present second-person singular)
giutist (present second-person singular)
guti (past second-person singular)
gutis (past second-person singular)
giutit (present singular third-person)
gōt (past singular third-person)
gieton (first-person plural present)
gutun (first-person past plural)
gietet (plural present second-person)
gutut (past plural second-person)
gietont (plural present third-person)
gutun (past plural third-person)
giete (first-person present singular)
guti (first-person past singular)
gietes (present second-person singular)
gietest (present second-person singular)
giete (present singular third-person)
guti (past singular third-person)
gieten (first-person plural present)
gutin (first-person past plural)
gutit (past plural second-person)
gieten (plural present third-person)
gutin (past plural third-person)
giet (present singular)
giut (present singular)
gietet (plural present)
gietandi (present)
gotan (past)
gigotan (past)

Middle Dutch: gieten
Dutch: gieten
Afrikaans: giet
Limburgish: gete

From Proto-Germanic *geutaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰewd-.


glidan

glīdan (canonical)
glīdan (infinitive)
glīdo (first-person present singular)
glīdon (first-person present singular)
glēt (first-person past singular)
glīdis (present second-person singular)
glīdist (present second-person singular)
glidi (past second-person singular)
glidis (past second-person singular)
glīdit (present singular third-person)
glēt (past singular third-person)
glīdon (first-person plural present)
glidun (first-person past plural)
glīdet (plural present second-person)
glidut (past plural second-person)
glīdont (plural present third-person)
glidun (past plural third-person)
glīde (first-person present singular)
glidi (first-person past singular)
glīdes (present second-person singular)
glīdest (present second-person singular)
glīde (present singular third-person)
glidi (past singular third-person)
glīden (first-person plural present)
glidin (first-person past plural)
glidit (past plural second-person)
glīden (plural present third-person)
glidin (past plural third-person)
glīt (present singular)
glīdet (plural present)
glīdandi (present)
glidan (past)
giglidan (past)

Middle Dutch: gliden
Dutch: glijden
Limburgish: glieje

From Proto-West Germanic *glīdan, from Proto-Germanic *glīdaną.


dragan

dragan (infinitive)
drago (first-person present singular)
dragon (first-person present singular)
druoh (first-person past singular)
dregis (present second-person singular)
dregist (present second-person singular)
druogi (past second-person singular)
druogis (past second-person singular)
dregit (present singular third-person)
druoh (past singular third-person)
dragon (first-person plural present)
druogun (first-person past plural)
draget (plural present second-person)
druogut (past plural second-person)
dragont (plural present third-person)
druogun (past plural third-person)
drage (first-person present singular)
druogi (first-person past singular)
drages (present second-person singular)
dragest (present second-person singular)
drage (present singular third-person)
druogi (past singular third-person)
dragen (first-person plural present)
druogin (first-person past plural)
druogit (past plural second-person)
dragen (plural present third-person)
druogin (past plural third-person)
drah (present singular)
draget (plural present)
dragandi (present)
dragan (past)
gidragan (past)

Middle Dutch: drāgen
Dutch: dragen
Limburgish: drage
Zealandic: draege


lucan

lūcan (canonical)
lūcan (infinitive)
lūco (first-person present singular)
lūcon (first-person present singular)
lōc (first-person past singular)
lūkis (present second-person singular)
lūkist (present second-person singular)
luki (past second-person singular)
lukis (past second-person singular)
lūkit (present singular third-person)
lōc (past singular third-person)
lūcon (first-person plural present)
lucun (first-person past plural)
lūket (plural present second-person)
lucut (past plural second-person)
lūcont (plural present third-person)
lucun (past plural third-person)
lūke (first-person present singular)
luki (first-person past singular)
lūkes (present second-person singular)
lūkest (present second-person singular)
lūke (present singular third-person)
luki (past singular third-person)
lūken (first-person plural present)
lukin (first-person past plural)
lukit (past plural second-person)
lūken (plural present third-person)
lukin (past plural third-person)
lūc (present singular)
lūket (plural present)
lūcandi (present)
locan (past)
gilocan (past)

Middle Dutch: luken
Dutch: luiken


gripan

grīpan (canonical)
grīpan (infinitive)
grīpo (first-person present singular)
grīpon (first-person present singular)
grēp (first-person past singular)
grīpis (present second-person singular)
grīpist (present second-person singular)
gripi (past second-person singular)
gripis (past second-person singular)
grīpit (present singular third-person)
grēp (past singular third-person)
grīpon (first-person plural present)
gripun (first-person past plural)
grīpet (plural present second-person)
griput (past plural second-person)
grīpont (plural present third-person)
gripun (past plural third-person)
grīpe (first-person present singular)
gripi (first-person past singular)
grīpes (present second-person singular)
grīpest (present second-person singular)
grīpe (present singular third-person)
gripi (past singular third-person)
grīpen (first-person plural present)
gripin (first-person past plural)
gripit (past plural second-person)
grīpen (plural present third-person)
gripin (past plural third-person)
grīp (present singular)
grīpet (plural present)
grīpandi (present)
gripan (past)
gigripan (past)

Middle Dutch: gripen
Dutch: grijpen
Afrikaans: gryp
Limburgish: griepe

From Proto-West Germanic *grīpan, from Proto-Germanic *grīpaną.


rinnan

rinnan (infinitive)
rinno (first-person present singular)
rinnon (first-person present singular)
ran (first-person past singular)
rinnis (present second-person singular)
rinnist (present second-person singular)
runni (past second-person singular)
runnis (past second-person singular)
rinnit (present singular third-person)
ran (past singular third-person)
rinnon (first-person plural present)
runnun (first-person past plural)
rinnet (plural present second-person)
runnut (past plural second-person)
rinnont (plural present third-person)
runnun (past plural third-person)
rinne (first-person present singular)
runni (first-person past singular)
rinnes (present second-person singular)
rinnest (present second-person singular)
rinne (present singular third-person)
runni (past singular third-person)
rinnen (first-person plural present)
runnin (first-person past plural)
runnit (past plural second-person)
rinnen (plural present third-person)
runnin (past plural third-person)
rin (present singular)
rinnet (plural present)
rinnandi (present)
runnan (past)
girunnan (past)

Middle Dutch: rinnen
Dutch: rinnen (obsolete), rennen
Limburgish: rinne, rènne


ritan

rītan (canonical)
rītan (infinitive)
rīto (first-person present singular)
rīton (first-person present singular)
rēt (first-person past singular)
rītis (present second-person singular)
rītist (present second-person singular)
riti (past second-person singular)
ritis (past second-person singular)
rītit (present singular third-person)
rēt (past singular third-person)
rīton (first-person plural present)
ritun (first-person past plural)
rītet (plural present second-person)
ritut (past plural second-person)
rītont (plural present third-person)
ritun (past plural third-person)
rīte (first-person present singular)
riti (first-person past singular)
rītes (present second-person singular)
rītest (present second-person singular)
rīte (present singular third-person)
riti (past singular third-person)
rīten (first-person plural present)
ritin (first-person past plural)
ritit (past plural second-person)
rīten (plural present third-person)
ritin (past plural third-person)
rīt (present singular)
rītet (plural present)
rītandi (present)
ritan (past)
giritan (past)

Middle Dutch: riten
Dutch: rijten
Limburgish: riete


risan

rīsan (canonical)
rīsan (infinitive)
rīso (first-person present singular)
rīson (first-person present singular)
rēs (first-person past singular)
rīsis (present second-person singular)
rīsist (present second-person singular)
risi (past second-person singular)
risis (past second-person singular)
rīsit (present singular third-person)
rēs (past singular third-person)
rīson (first-person plural present)
risun (first-person past plural)
rīset (plural present second-person)
risut (past plural second-person)
rīsont (plural present third-person)
risun (past plural third-person)
rīse (first-person present singular)
risi (first-person past singular)
rīses (present second-person singular)
rīsest (present second-person singular)
rīse (present singular third-person)
risi (past singular third-person)
rīsen (first-person plural present)
risin (first-person past plural)
risit (past plural second-person)
rīsen (plural present third-person)
risin (past plural third-person)
rīs (present singular)
rīset (plural present)
rīsandi (present)
risan (past)
girisan (past)

Middle Dutch: risen
Dutch: rijzen
Limburgish: rieze

From Proto-Germanic *rīsaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rey-.


slidan

slīdan (canonical)
slīdan (infinitive)
slīdo (first-person present singular)
slīdon (first-person present singular)
slēt (first-person past singular)
slīdis (present second-person singular)
slīdist (present second-person singular)
slidi (past second-person singular)
slidis (past second-person singular)
slīdit (present singular third-person)
slēt (past singular third-person)
slīdon (first-person plural present)
slidun (first-person past plural)
slīdet (plural present second-person)
slidut (past plural second-person)
slīdont (plural present third-person)
slidun (past plural third-person)
slīde (first-person present singular)
slidi (first-person past singular)
slīdes (present second-person singular)
slīdest (present second-person singular)
slīde (present singular third-person)
slidi (past singular third-person)
slīden (first-person plural present)
slidin (first-person past plural)
slidit (past plural second-person)
slīden (plural present third-person)
slidin (past plural third-person)
slīt (present singular)
slīdet (plural present)
slīdandi (present)
slidan (past)
gislidan (past)


naht

Middle Dutch: nacht
Dutch: nacht
Afrikaans: nag
Negerhollands: nacht, nagt
Limburgish: nach
West Flemish: nacht

From Proto-West Germanic *naht, from Proto-Germanic *nahts.


swert

swert (nominative singular)
swert (nominative plural)
swert (accusative singular)
swert (accusative plural)
swertis (genitive singular)
-es (genitive singular)
swerto (genitive plural)
swerte (dative singular)
-i (dative singular)
swerton (dative plural)

Middle Dutch: swert
Dutch: zwaard
Afrikaans: swaard
Negerhollands: sweerd
Limburgish: zwerd
West Flemish: zwoard
Zealandic: zwaerd

From Proto-West Germanic *swerd, from Proto-Germanic *swerdą, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“to cut, to fester”).


spinnan

spinnan (infinitive)
spinno (first-person present singular)
spinnon (first-person present singular)
span (first-person past singular)
spinnis (present second-person singular)
spinnist (present second-person singular)
spunni (past second-person singular)
spunnis (past second-person singular)
spinnit (present singular third-person)
span (past singular third-person)
spinnon (first-person plural present)
spunnun (first-person past plural)
spinnet (plural present second-person)
spunnut (past plural second-person)
spinnont (plural present third-person)
spunnun (past plural third-person)
spinne (first-person present singular)
spunni (first-person past singular)
spinnes (present second-person singular)
spinnest (present second-person singular)
spinne (present singular third-person)
spunni (past singular third-person)
spinnen (first-person plural present)
spunnin (first-person past plural)
spunnit (past plural second-person)
spinnen (plural present third-person)
spunnin (past plural third-person)
spin (present singular)
spinnet (plural present)
spinnandi (present)
spunnan (past)
gispunnan (past)

desctree

Middle Dutch: spinnen
Dutch: spinnen
Limburgish: spinne


spiwan

spīwan (canonical)
spīwan (infinitive)
spīwo (first-person present singular)
spīwon (first-person present singular)
spēw (first-person past singular)
spīwis (present second-person singular)
spīwist (present second-person singular)
spiwi (past second-person singular)
spiwis (past second-person singular)
spīwit (present singular third-person)
spēw (past singular third-person)
spīwon (first-person plural present)
spiwun (first-person past plural)
spīwet (plural present second-person)
spiwut (past plural second-person)
spīwont (plural present third-person)
spiwun (past plural third-person)
spīwe (first-person present singular)
spiwi (first-person past singular)
spīwes (present second-person singular)
spīwest (present second-person singular)
spīwe (present singular third-person)
spiwi (past singular third-person)
spīwen (first-person plural present)
spiwin (first-person past plural)
spiwit (past plural second-person)
spīwen (plural present third-person)
spiwin (past plural third-person)
spīw (present singular)
spīwet (plural present)
spīwandi (present)
spiwan (past)
gispiwan (past)

Middle Dutch: spuwen
Dutch: spuwen, spouwen, spuien, spugen
Afrikaans: spu, spuug, spoeg
Limburgish: spieje


smitan

smītan (canonical)
smītan (infinitive)
smīto (first-person present singular)
smīton (first-person present singular)
smēt (first-person past singular)
smītis (present second-person singular)
smītist (present second-person singular)
smiti (past second-person singular)
smitis (past second-person singular)
smītit (present singular third-person)
smēt (past singular third-person)
smīton (first-person plural present)
smitun (first-person past plural)
smītet (plural present second-person)
smitut (past plural second-person)
smītont (plural present third-person)
smitun (past plural third-person)
smīte (first-person present singular)
smiti (first-person past singular)
smītes (present second-person singular)
smītest (present second-person singular)
smīte (present singular third-person)
smiti (past singular third-person)
smīten (first-person plural present)
smitin (first-person past plural)
smitit (past plural second-person)
smīten (plural present third-person)
smitin (past plural third-person)
smīt (present singular)
smītet (plural present)
smītandi (present)
smitan (past)
gismitan (past)

Middle Dutch: smiten
Dutch: smijten
Afrikaans: smyt
Limburgish: smiete


sincan

sincan (infinitive)
sinco (first-person present singular)
sincon (first-person present singular)
sanc (first-person past singular)
sinkis (present second-person singular)
sinkist (present second-person singular)
sunki (past second-person singular)
sunkis (past second-person singular)
sinkit (present singular third-person)
sanc (past singular third-person)
sincon (first-person plural present)
suncun (first-person past plural)
sinket (plural present second-person)
suncut (past plural second-person)
sincont (plural present third-person)
suncun (past plural third-person)
sinke (first-person present singular)
sunki (first-person past singular)
sinkes (present second-person singular)
sinkest (present second-person singular)
sinke (present singular third-person)
sunki (past singular third-person)
sinken (first-person plural present)
sunkin (first-person past plural)
sunkit (past plural second-person)
sinken (plural present third-person)
sunkin (past plural third-person)
sinc (present singular)
sinket (plural present)
sincandi (present)
suncan (past)
gisuncan (past)

Middle Dutch: sinken
Dutch: zinken
Limburgish: zinke


stelan

stelan (infinitive)
stelo (first-person present singular)
stelon (first-person present singular)
stal (first-person past singular)
stilis (present second-person singular)
stilist (present second-person singular)
stāli (past second-person singular)
stālis (past second-person singular)
stilit (present singular third-person)
stal (past singular third-person)
stelon (first-person plural present)
stālun (first-person past plural)
stelet (plural present second-person)
stālut (past plural second-person)
stelont (plural present third-person)
stālun (past plural third-person)
stele (first-person present singular)
stāli (first-person past singular)
steles (present second-person singular)
stelest (present second-person singular)
stele (present singular third-person)
stāli (past singular third-person)
stelen (first-person plural present)
stālin (first-person past plural)
stālit (past plural second-person)
stelen (plural present third-person)
stālin (past plural third-person)
stel (present singular)
stil (present singular)
stelet (plural present)
stelandi (present)
stolan (past)
gistolan (past)

Middle Dutch: stēlen
Dutch: stelen
Afrikaans: steel
Limburgish: staele


sucan

sūcan (canonical)
sūcan (infinitive)
sūco (first-person present singular)
sūcon (first-person present singular)
sōc (first-person past singular)
sūkis (present second-person singular)
sūkist (present second-person singular)
suki (past second-person singular)
sukis (past second-person singular)
sūkit (present singular third-person)
sōc (past singular third-person)
sūcon (first-person plural present)
sucun (first-person past plural)
sūket (plural present second-person)
sucut (past plural second-person)
sūcont (plural present third-person)
sucun (past plural third-person)
sūke (first-person present singular)
suki (first-person past singular)
sūkes (present second-person singular)
sūkest (present second-person singular)
sūke (present singular third-person)
suki (past singular third-person)
sūken (first-person plural present)
sukin (first-person past plural)
sukit (past plural second-person)
sūken (plural present third-person)
sukin (past plural third-person)
sūc (present singular)
sūket (plural present)
sūcandi (present)
socan (past)
gisocan (past)

Middle Dutch: suken
Dutch: zuiken (dialectal or obsolete)
Limburgish: zuken, zoeken


swimman

swimman (infinitive)
swimmo (first-person present singular)
swimmon (first-person present singular)
swam (first-person past singular)
swimmis (present second-person singular)
swimmist (present second-person singular)
swummi (past second-person singular)
swummis (past second-person singular)
swimmit (present singular third-person)
swam (past singular third-person)
swimmon (first-person plural present)
swummun (first-person past plural)
swimmet (plural present second-person)
swummut (past plural second-person)
swimmont (plural present third-person)
swummun (past plural third-person)
swimme (first-person present singular)
swummi (first-person past singular)
swimmes (present second-person singular)
swimmest (present second-person singular)
swimme (present singular third-person)
swummi (past singular third-person)
swimmen (first-person plural present)
swummin (first-person past plural)
swummit (past plural second-person)
swimmen (plural present third-person)
swummin (past plural third-person)
swim (present singular)
swimmet (plural present)
swimmandi (present)
swumman (past)
giswumman (past)

Middle Dutch: swemmen
Dutch: zwemmen
Limburgish: zwömme


swelgan

swelgan (infinitive)
swelgo (first-person present singular)
swelgon (first-person present singular)
swalh (first-person past singular)
swilgis (present second-person singular)
swilgist (present second-person singular)
swulgi (past second-person singular)
swulgis (past second-person singular)
swilgit (present singular third-person)
swalh (past singular third-person)
swelgon (first-person plural present)
swulgun (first-person past plural)
swelget (plural present second-person)
swulgut (past plural second-person)
swelgont (plural present third-person)
swulgun (past plural third-person)
swelge (first-person present singular)
swulgi (first-person past singular)
swelges (present second-person singular)
swelgest (present second-person singular)
swelge (present singular third-person)
swulgi (past singular third-person)
swelgen (first-person plural present)
swulgin (first-person past plural)
swulgit (past plural second-person)
swelgen (plural present third-person)
swulgin (past plural third-person)
swelh (present singular)
swilh (present singular)
swelget (plural present)
swelgandi (present)
swolgan (past)
giswolgan (past)

Middle Dutch: swelgen
Dutch: zwelgen


springan

springan (infinitive)
springo (first-person present singular)
springon (first-person present singular)
spranc (first-person past singular)
springis (present second-person singular)
springist (present second-person singular)
sprungi (past second-person singular)
sprungis (past second-person singular)
springit (present singular third-person)
spranc (past singular third-person)
springon (first-person plural present)
sprungun (first-person past plural)
springet (plural present second-person)
sprungut (past plural second-person)
springont (plural present third-person)
sprungun (past plural third-person)
springe (first-person present singular)
sprungi (first-person past singular)
springes (present second-person singular)
springest (present second-person singular)
springe (present singular third-person)
sprungi (past singular third-person)
springen (first-person plural present)
sprungin (first-person past plural)
sprungit (past plural second-person)
springen (plural present third-person)
sprungin (past plural third-person)
sprinc (present singular)
springet (plural present)
springandi (present)
sprungan (past)
gisprungan (past)

Middle Dutch: springen
Dutch: springen
Afrikaans: spring
Berbice Creole Dutch: pringgi
Jersey Dutch: spring, springe, spränge
Negerhollands: spriṅ
Limburgish: springe


swin

swīn (canonical neuter)
swīn (nominative singular)
swīn (nominative plural)
swīn (accusative singular)
swīn (accusative plural)
swīnis (genitive singular)
-es (genitive singular)
swīno (genitive plural)
swīne (dative singular)
-i (dative singular)
swīnon (dative plural)

Middle Dutch: swijn
Dutch: zwijn
Afrikaans: swyn
Limburgish: zwien

From Proto-West Germanic *swīn, from Proto-Germanic *swīną. Akin to Old English swīn, Old Saxon swīn and Old Norse svín.


singan

singan (infinitive)
singo (first-person present singular)
singon (first-person present singular)
sanc (first-person past singular)
singis (present second-person singular)
singist (present second-person singular)
sungi (past second-person singular)
sungis (past second-person singular)
singit (present singular third-person)
sanc (past singular third-person)
singon (first-person plural present)
sungun (first-person past plural)
singet (plural present second-person)
sungut (past plural second-person)
singont (plural present third-person)
sungun (past plural third-person)
singe (first-person present singular)
sungi (first-person past singular)
singes (present second-person singular)
singest (present second-person singular)
singe (present singular third-person)
sungi (past singular third-person)
singen (first-person plural present)
sungin (first-person past plural)
sungit (past plural second-person)
singen (plural present third-person)
sungin (past plural third-person)
sinc (present singular)
singet (plural present)
singandi (present)
sungan (past)
gisungan (past)

Middle Dutch: singen
Dutch: zingen
Afrikaans: sing
Berbice Creole Dutch: singgi
Jersey Dutch: sänge
Negerhollands: sing, siṅ
→ Sranan Tongo: singi
→ Caribbean Javanese: singi
Limburgish: zinge

From Proto-West Germanic *singwan, from Proto-Germanic *singwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sengʷʰ-.


stincan

stincan (infinitive)
stinco (first-person present singular)
stincon (first-person present singular)
stanc (first-person past singular)
stinkis (present second-person singular)
stinkist (present second-person singular)
stunki (past second-person singular)
stunkis (past second-person singular)
stinkit (present singular third-person)
stanc (past singular third-person)
stincon (first-person plural present)
stuncun (first-person past plural)
stinket (plural present second-person)
stuncut (past plural second-person)
stincont (plural present third-person)
stuncun (past plural third-person)
stinke (first-person present singular)
stunki (first-person past singular)
stinkes (present second-person singular)
stinkest (present second-person singular)
stinke (present singular third-person)
stunki (past singular third-person)
stinken (first-person plural present)
stunkin (first-person past plural)
stunkit (past plural second-person)
stinken (plural present third-person)
stunkin (past plural third-person)
stinc (present singular)
stinket (plural present)
stincandi (present)
stuncan (past)
gistuncan (past)

Middle Dutch: stinken
Dutch: stinken
Afrikaans: stink
Negerhollands: stink
→ Sranan Tongo: tingi
→ Saramaccan: tíngi
Limburgish: stinke


guot

head

guot (comparative betiro, superlative betst)

betiro (comparative)
betst (superlative)
guot (masculine nominative singular strong)
guode (masculine nominative plural strong)
guot (neuter nominative singular strong)
guode (neuter nominative plural strong)
guot (feminine nominative singular strong)
guodu (feminine nominative plural strong)
guodan (accusative masculine singular strong)
guode (accusative masculine plural strong)
guot (accusative neuter singular strong)
guode (accusative neuter plural strong)
guoda (accusative feminine singular strong)
guodu (accusative feminine plural strong)
guodis (genitive masculine singular strong)
guodro (genitive masculine plural strong)
guodis (genitive neuter singular strong)
guodro (genitive neuter plural strong)
guodro (feminine genitive singular strong)
guodrō (feminine genitive plural strong)
guodon (dative masculine singular strong)
guodon (dative masculine plural strong)
guodon (dative neuter singular strong)
guodon (dative neuter plural strong)
guodro (dative feminine singular strong)
guodon (dative feminine plural strong)
guodo (masculine nominative singular weak)
guodu (masculine nominative plural weak)
guoda (neuter nominative singular weak)
guodu (neuter nominative plural weak)
guoda (feminine nominative singular weak)
guodu (feminine nominative plural weak)
guodin (accusative masculine singular weak)
guodin (accusative masculine plural weak)
guoda (accusative neuter singular weak)
guodin (accusative neuter plural weak)
guodin (accusative feminine singular weak)
guodin (accusative feminine plural weak)
guodin (genitive masculine singular weak)
guodno (genitive masculine plural weak)
guodin (genitive neuter singular weak)
guodno (genitive neuter plural weak)
guodin (feminine genitive singular weak)
guodno (feminine genitive plural weak)
guodin (dative masculine singular weak)
guodon (dative masculine plural weak)
guodin (dative neuter singular weak)
guodon (dative neuter plural weak)
guodin (dative feminine singular weak)
guodon (dative feminine plural weak)

guot

desctree

Middle Dutch: goet
Dutch: goed
Afrikaans: goed
Javindo: goet
Jersey Dutch: xût
Negerhollands: goed, goei, goeie, got, gu, gue, guet
Skepi Creole Dutch: gut
Limburgish: good
Zealandic: goed

From Proto-West Germanic *gōd, from Proto-Germanic *gōdaz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ-.


niuwi

Middle Dutch: niewe, neuwe, newe, niwe, nuwe, niew
Dutch: nieuw
Afrikaans: nuwe, nuut
Javindo: nuwe
Jersey Dutch: njuew
Negerhollands: nieuw, niw
Limburgish: nuuj


sugan

sūgan (canonical)
sūgan (infinitive)
sūgo (first-person present singular)
sūgon (first-person present singular)
sōh (first-person past singular)
sūgis (present second-person singular)
sūgist (present second-person singular)
sugi (past second-person singular)
sugis (past second-person singular)
sūgit (present singular third-person)
sōh (past singular third-person)
sūgon (first-person plural present)
sugun (first-person past plural)
sūget (plural present second-person)
sugut (past plural second-person)
sūgont (plural present third-person)
sugun (past plural third-person)
sūge (first-person present singular)
sugi (first-person past singular)
sūges (present second-person singular)
sūgest (present second-person singular)
sūge (present singular third-person)
sugi (past singular third-person)
sūgen (first-person plural present)
sugin (first-person past plural)
sugit (past plural second-person)
sūgen (plural present third-person)
sugin (past plural third-person)
sūh (present singular)
sūget (plural present)
sūgandi (present)
sogan (past)
gisogan (past)

Middle Dutch: sugen
Dutch: zuigen
Afrikaans: suig
Negerhollands: sug
→ Sranan Tongo: soygi
Limburgish: zuge


wascan

wascan (infinitive)
wasco (first-person present singular)
wascon (first-person present singular)
wiesc (first-person past singular)
weskis (present second-person singular)
weskist (present second-person singular)
wieski (past second-person singular)
wieskis (past second-person singular)
weskit (present singular third-person)
wiesc (past singular third-person)
wascon (first-person plural present)
wiescun (first-person past plural)
wasket (plural present second-person)
wiescut (past plural second-person)
wascont (plural present third-person)
wiescun (past plural third-person)
waske (first-person present singular)
wieski (first-person past singular)
waskes (present second-person singular)
waskest (present second-person singular)
waske (present singular third-person)
wieski (past singular third-person)
wasken (first-person plural present)
wieskin (first-person past plural)
wieskit (past plural second-person)
wasken (plural present third-person)
wieskin (past plural third-person)
wasc (present singular)
wasket (plural present)
wascandi (present)
wascan (past)
giwascan (past)

Middle Dutch: wasschen
Dutch: wassen
Limburgish: wasje, wesje


wringan

wringan (infinitive)
wringo (first-person present singular)
wringon (first-person present singular)
wranc (first-person past singular)
wringis (present second-person singular)
wringist (present second-person singular)
wrungi (past second-person singular)
wrungis (past second-person singular)
wringit (present singular third-person)
wranc (past singular third-person)
wringon (first-person plural present)
wrungun (first-person past plural)
wringet (plural present second-person)
wrungut (past plural second-person)
wringont (plural present third-person)
wrungun (past plural third-person)
wringe (first-person present singular)
wrungi (first-person past singular)
wringes (present second-person singular)
wringest (present second-person singular)
wringe (present singular third-person)
wrungi (past singular third-person)
wringen (first-person plural present)
wrungin (first-person past plural)
wrungit (past plural second-person)
wringen (plural present third-person)
wrungin (past plural third-person)
wrinc (present singular)
wringet (plural present)
wringandi (present)
wrungan (past)
giwrungan (past)

Middle Dutch: wringen
Dutch: wringen
Afrikaans: wring
Limburgish: wringe


windan

windan (infinitive)
windo (first-person present singular)
windon (first-person present singular)
want (first-person past singular)
windis (present second-person singular)
windist (present second-person singular)
wundi (past second-person singular)
wundis (past second-person singular)
windit (present singular third-person)
want (past singular third-person)
windon (first-person plural present)
wundun (first-person past plural)
windet (plural present second-person)
wundut (past plural second-person)
windont (plural present third-person)
wundun (past plural third-person)
winde (first-person present singular)
wundi (first-person past singular)
windes (present second-person singular)
windest (present second-person singular)
winde (present singular third-person)
wundi (past singular third-person)
winden (first-person plural present)
wundin (first-person past plural)
wundit (past plural second-person)
winden (plural present third-person)
wundin (past plural third-person)
wint (present singular)
windet (plural present)
windandi (present)
wundan (past)
giwundan (past)

Middle Dutch: winden
Dutch: winden
Limburgish: winje

From Proto-Germanic *windaną, from Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ-.


wis

wīs (canonical)
wīs (masculine nominative singular strong)
wīse (masculine nominative plural strong)
wīs (neuter nominative singular strong)
wīse (neuter nominative plural strong)
wīs (feminine nominative singular strong)
wīsu (feminine nominative plural strong)
wīsan (accusative masculine singular strong)
wīse (accusative masculine plural strong)
wīs (accusative neuter singular strong)
wīse (accusative neuter plural strong)
wīsa (accusative feminine singular strong)
wīsu (accusative feminine plural strong)
wīsis (genitive masculine singular strong)
wīsro (genitive masculine plural strong)
wīsis (genitive neuter singular strong)
wīsro (genitive neuter plural strong)
wīsro (feminine genitive singular strong)
wīsrō (feminine genitive plural strong)
wīson (dative masculine singular strong)
wīson (dative masculine plural strong)
wīson (dative neuter singular strong)
wīson (dative neuter plural strong)
wīsro (dative feminine singular strong)
wīson (dative feminine plural strong)
wīso (masculine nominative singular weak)
wīsu (masculine nominative plural weak)
wīsa (neuter nominative singular weak)
wīsu (neuter nominative plural weak)
wīsa (feminine nominative singular weak)
wīsu (feminine nominative plural weak)
wīsin (accusative masculine singular weak)
wīsin (accusative masculine plural weak)
wīsa (accusative neuter singular weak)
wīsin (accusative neuter plural weak)
wīsin (accusative feminine singular weak)
wīsin (accusative feminine plural weak)
wīsin (genitive masculine singular weak)
wīsno (genitive masculine plural weak)
wīsin (genitive neuter singular weak)
wīsno (genitive neuter plural weak)
wīsin (feminine genitive singular weak)
wīsno (feminine genitive plural weak)
wīsin (dative masculine singular weak)
wīson (dative masculine plural weak)
wīsin (dative neuter singular weak)
wīson (dative neuter plural weak)
wīsin (dative feminine singular weak)
wīson (dative feminine plural weak)

odt-decl-adj

wīs

Middle Dutch: wijs

Inherited from Proto-Germanic *wīsaz, from Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“to see, to know”).


brunno

Middle Dutch: borne

Dutch: bron

Afrikaans: bron

From Proto-West Germanic *brunnō, from Proto-Germanic *brunnô.


crampo

Middle Dutch: crampe

Dutch: kramp

From Frankish *krampa, from Proto-Germanic *krampô, related to *krampō.


cundo

cundo (nominative singular)
cundon (nominative plural)
-un (nominative plural)
cundo (accusative singular)
cundon (accusative plural)
-un (accusative plural)
cundin (genitive singular)
cundono (genitive plural)
cundon (dative singular)
-in (dative singular)
cundon (dative plural)

Middle Dutch: conde

Dutch: konde


haso

haso (nominative singular)
hason (nominative plural)
-un (nominative plural)
haso (accusative singular)
hason (accusative plural)
-un (accusative plural)
hasin (genitive singular)
hasono (genitive plural)
hason (dative singular)
-in (dative singular)
hason (dative plural)

Middle Dutch: hāse

Dutch: haas


herro

hērro (canonical masculine)
hērro (nominative singular)
hērron (nominative plural)
-un (nominative plural)
hērro (accusative singular)
hērron (accusative plural)
-un (accusative plural)
hērrin (genitive singular)
hērrono (genitive plural)
hērron (dative singular)
-in (dative singular)
hērron (dative plural)

desctree

Middle Dutch: hêre
Dutch: heer
Afrikaans: heer
Limburgish: hieër


sunna

sunna (nominative singular)
̈*sunnon (nominative plural)
sunna (accusative singular)
sunnon (accusative plural)
sunnun (genitive singular)
sunneno (genitive plural)
sunnun (dative singular)
sunnon (dative plural)

Middle Dutch: sonne f or m
Dutch: zon
Afrikaans: son
Berbice Creole Dutch: sono
Jersey Dutch: zon
Negerhollands: son, zon
→ Sranan Tongo: son (see there for further descendants)
Limburgish: zón
West Flemish: zunne
Zealandic: zunne

From Proto-West Germanic *sunnā (“sun”).


sunna

Son (a village in modern North Brabant, the Netherlands)


hano

hano (nominative singular)
hanon (nominative plural)
-un (nominative plural)
hano (accusative singular)
hanon (accusative plural)
-un (accusative plural)
hanin (genitive singular)
hanono (genitive plural)
hanon (dative singular)
-in (dative singular)
hanon (dative plural)

Middle Dutch: hāne

Dutch: haan


namo

namo (nominative singular)
namin (nominative plural)
namin (accusative singular)
namin (accusative plural)
namin (genitive singular)
namno (genitive plural)
namin (dative singular)
namon (dative plural)

Middle Dutch: nāme
Dutch: naam
Limburgish: naam, naom


bogo

bogo (nominative singular)
bogon (nominative plural)
-un (nominative plural)
bogo (accusative singular)
bogon (accusative plural)
-un (accusative plural)
bogin (genitive singular)
bogono (genitive plural)
bogon (dative singular)
-in (dative singular)
bogon (dative plural)

Middle Dutch: bōge

Dutch: boog

Afrikaans: boog


fano

Middle Dutch: vāne

Dutch: vaan


folo

folo (nominative singular)
folon (nominative plural)
-un (nominative plural)
folo (accusative singular)
folon (accusative plural)
-un (accusative plural)
folin (genitive singular)
folono (genitive plural)
folon (dative singular)
-in (dative singular)
folon (dative plural)

Middle Dutch: vōle

Dutch: vool


thorp

Middle Dutch: dorp

Dutch: dorp
Afrikaans: dorp
→ Fanagalo: dorop
→ Sotho: toropo
→ Tswana: toropo
→ Venda: ḓorobo
→ Xhosa: idolophu
→ Zulu: idolobha
Negerhollands: dorp
→ English: dorp
→ Papiamentu: dorp
→ Sranan Tongo: dorpu

Limburgish: dörp

→ Middle Scots: dorp, drop

Scots: dorp


regan

Middle Dutch: rēgen
Dutch: regen
Afrikaans: reën
Negerhollands: regen, regn, rign, regon
Skepi Creole Dutch: regen, ragin
Limburgish: raenger
West Flemish: rin, rein

From Proto-West Germanic *regn, from Proto-Germanic *regną.


slango

slango (nominative singular)
slangon (nominative plural)
-un (nominative plural)
slango (accusative singular)
slangon (accusative plural)
-un (accusative plural)
slangin (genitive singular)
slangono (genitive plural)
slangon (dative singular)
-in (dative singular)
slangon (dative plural)

Middle Dutch: slange
Dutch: slang
Afrikaans: slang
Berbice Creole Dutch: slanggi
Negerhollands: slang, slaṅ
Skepi Creole Dutch: slanka
→ Aukan: salan
→ Caribbean Javanese: selang
→ Indonesian: slang (“hose”)
→ Papiamentu: slan
Limburgish: slang


sneo

Middle Dutch: snêe
Dutch: sneeuw
Afrikaans: sneeu
Negerhollands: sneew
→ Papiamentu: sneu, sneeuw
→ Sranan Tongo: snew
Limburgish: snieë

From Proto-West Germanic *snaiw, from Proto-Germanic *snaiwaz.


falco

falco (nominative singular)
falcon (nominative plural)
-un (nominative plural)
falco (accusative singular)
falcon (accusative plural)
-un (accusative plural)
falcin (genitive singular)
falcono (genitive plural)
falcon (dative singular)
-in (dative singular)
falcon (dative plural)

Middle Dutch: valke

Dutch: valk

From Proto-West Germanic *falkō, from Proto-Germanic *falkô.


stilli

Middle Dutch: stille

Dutch: stil

Afrikaans: stil


gruoni

Middle Dutch: groene
Dutch: groen
Afrikaans: groen
Berbice Creole Dutch: grun
Negerhollands: groen, grun
Skepi Creole Dutch: gruin
Sranan Tongo: grun
Aukan: guun
Saramaccan: guúun
Limburgish: greun, gruuen
West Flemish: groene

From Proto-West Germanic *grōnī, from Proto-Germanic *grōniz.


gisunt

gisunt

gisunt (masculine nominative singular strong)
gisunde (masculine nominative plural strong)
gisunt (neuter nominative singular strong)
gisunde (neuter nominative plural strong)
gisunt (feminine nominative singular strong)
gisundu (feminine nominative plural strong)
gisundan (accusative masculine singular strong)
gisunde (accusative masculine plural strong)
gisunt (accusative neuter singular strong)
gisunde (accusative neuter plural strong)
gisunda (accusative feminine singular strong)
gisundu (accusative feminine plural strong)
gisundis (genitive masculine singular strong)
gisundro (genitive masculine plural strong)
gisundis (genitive neuter singular strong)
gisundro (genitive neuter plural strong)
gisundro (feminine genitive singular strong)
gisundrō (feminine genitive plural strong)
gisundon (dative masculine singular strong)
gisundon (dative masculine plural strong)
gisundon (dative neuter singular strong)
gisundon (dative neuter plural strong)
gisundro (dative feminine singular strong)
gisundon (dative feminine plural strong)
gisundo (masculine nominative singular weak)
gisundu (masculine nominative plural weak)
gisunda (neuter nominative singular weak)
gisundu (neuter nominative plural weak)
gisunda (feminine nominative singular weak)
gisundu (feminine nominative plural weak)
gisundin (accusative masculine singular weak)
gisundin (accusative masculine plural weak)
gisunda (accusative neuter singular weak)
gisundin (accusative neuter plural weak)
gisundin (accusative feminine singular weak)
gisundin (accusative feminine plural weak)
gisundin (genitive masculine singular weak)
gisundno (genitive masculine plural weak)
gisundin (genitive neuter singular weak)
gisundno (genitive neuter plural weak)
gisundin (feminine genitive singular weak)
gisundno (feminine genitive plural weak)
gisundin (dative masculine singular weak)
gisundon (dative masculine plural weak)
gisundin (dative neuter singular weak)
gisundon (dative neuter plural weak)
gisundin (dative feminine singular weak)
gisundon (dative feminine plural weak)

Middle Dutch: gesont

Dutch: gezond
Afrikaans: gesond
Jersey Dutch: xjezónd
Negerhollands: gesond, gesont
→ Sranan Tongo: gesontu
→ Aukan: gusontu
→ Caribbean Javanese: kheson

From Proto-West Germanic *gasund. Cognates include Old English ġesund, Old High German gisunt and Old Saxon gisund. Compare also English sound

c. 900 CE, Die altmittel- und altniederfränkischen Psalmen und Glossen [The Old Middle and Old Low Franconian psalms and glosses]

The God of our salvation will make our journey prosperous to us. (Psalms 67:20)

gisunda farht duon sal uns got saldano unsero

(of journeys and travels) safe, prosperous

c. 1100 CE, Rhinelandic Rhyming Bible

At the same time, the king became wholly sound.

In ther seluer stúnt. wart ther kuning wole gesunt.


blint

blint

blint (masculine nominative singular strong)
blinde (masculine nominative plural strong)
blint (neuter nominative singular strong)
blinde (neuter nominative plural strong)
blint (feminine nominative singular strong)
blindu (feminine nominative plural strong)
blindan (accusative masculine singular strong)
blinde (accusative masculine plural strong)
blint (accusative neuter singular strong)
blinde (accusative neuter plural strong)
blinda (accusative feminine singular strong)
blindu (accusative feminine plural strong)
blindis (genitive masculine singular strong)
blindro (genitive masculine plural strong)
blindis (genitive neuter singular strong)
blindro (genitive neuter plural strong)
blindro (feminine genitive singular strong)
blindrō (feminine genitive plural strong)
blindon (dative masculine singular strong)
blindon (dative masculine plural strong)
blindon (dative neuter singular strong)
blindon (dative neuter plural strong)
blindro (dative feminine singular strong)
blindon (dative feminine plural strong)
blindo (masculine nominative singular weak)
blindu (masculine nominative plural weak)
blinda (neuter nominative singular weak)
blindu (neuter nominative plural weak)
blinda (feminine nominative singular weak)
blindu (feminine nominative plural weak)
blindin (accusative masculine singular weak)
blindin (accusative masculine plural weak)
blinda (accusative neuter singular weak)
blindin (accusative neuter plural weak)
blindin (accusative feminine singular weak)
blindin (accusative feminine plural weak)
blindin (genitive masculine singular weak)
blindno (genitive masculine plural weak)
blindin (genitive neuter singular weak)
blindno (genitive neuter plural weak)
blindin (feminine genitive singular weak)
blindno (feminine genitive plural weak)
blindin (dative masculine singular weak)
blindon (dative masculine plural weak)
blindin (dative neuter singular weak)
blindon (dative neuter plural weak)
blindin (dative feminine singular weak)
blindon (dative feminine plural weak)

Middle Dutch: blint

Dutch: blind


wini

wine (nominative singular)
wino (nominative singular)
wine (accusative singular)
wino (accusative singular)
wines (genitive singular)
wine (dative singular)
wino (dative singular)
winon (dative singular)

From Proto-West Germanic *wini, whence also Old Saxon wini, Old English wine, Old Frisian wine, Old High German wini, Old Norse vinr.

These is hunt mines wines

Eerlich bistu, wine min


reht

Middle Dutch: recht
Dutch: recht
Berbice Creole Dutch: rekti
Jersey Dutch: rääxt
Negerhollands: recht, rek, ret, tret, regt
→ Virgin Islands Creole: tret (dated)
→ Papiamentu: rècht
→ Saramaccan: leti
Limburgish: rèch


bosi

Middle Dutch: bôse

Dutch: boos

Afrikaans: boos


wildi

Middle Dutch: wilde, wilt

Dutch: wild
Afrikaans: wild
Berbice Creole Dutch: weldri
Jersey Dutch: wäld
Negerhollands: wild, weeld, welt, willit, wil

Limburgish: wildj

From Proto-West Germanic *wilþī, from Proto-Germanic *wilþijaz.


biginnan

biginnan (infinitive)
biginno (first-person present singular)
biginnon (first-person present singular)
bigan (first-person past singular)
biginnis (present second-person singular)
biginnist (present second-person singular)
bigunni (past second-person singular)
bigunnis (past second-person singular)
biginnit (present singular third-person)
bigan (past singular third-person)
biginnon (first-person plural present)
bigunnun (first-person past plural)
biginnet (plural present second-person)
bigunnut (past plural second-person)
biginnont (plural present third-person)
bigunnun (past plural third-person)
biginne (first-person present singular)
bigunni (first-person past singular)
biginnes (present second-person singular)
biginnest (present second-person singular)
biginne (present singular third-person)
bigunni (past singular third-person)
biginnen (first-person plural present)
bigunnin (first-person past plural)
bigunnit (past plural second-person)
biginnen (plural present third-person)
bigunnin (past plural third-person)
bigin (present singular)
biginnet (plural present)
biginnandi (present)
bigunnan (past)

Middle Dutch: beginnen
Dutch: beginnen
Limburgish: beginne


bergan

bergan (infinitive)
bergo (first-person present singular)
bergon (first-person present singular)
barh (first-person past singular)
birgis (present second-person singular)
birgist (present second-person singular)
burgi (past second-person singular)
burgis (past second-person singular)
birgit (present singular third-person)
barh (past singular third-person)
bergon (first-person plural present)
burgun (first-person past plural)
berget (plural present second-person)
burgut (past plural second-person)
bergont (plural present third-person)
burgun (past plural third-person)
berge (first-person present singular)
burgi (first-person past singular)
berges (present second-person singular)
bergest (present second-person singular)
berge (present singular third-person)
burgi (past singular third-person)
bergen (first-person plural present)
burgin (first-person past plural)
burgit (past plural second-person)
bergen (plural present third-person)
burgin (past plural third-person)
berh (present singular)
birh (present singular)
berget (plural present)
bergandi (present)
borgan (past)
giborgan (past)

Middle Dutch: bergen
Dutch: bergen
Afrikaans: berg
Limburgish: bèrge


bugan

būgan (canonical)
būgan (infinitive)
būgo (first-person present singular)
būgon (first-person present singular)
bōh (first-person past singular)
būgis (present second-person singular)
būgist (present second-person singular)
bugi (past second-person singular)
bugis (past second-person singular)
būgit (present singular third-person)
bōh (past singular third-person)
būgon (first-person plural present)
bugun (first-person past plural)
būget (plural present second-person)
bugut (past plural second-person)
būgont (plural present third-person)
bugun (past plural third-person)
būge (first-person present singular)
bugi (first-person past singular)
būges (present second-person singular)
būgest (present second-person singular)
būge (present singular third-person)
bugi (past singular third-person)
būgen (first-person plural present)
bugin (first-person past plural)
bugit (past plural second-person)
būgen (plural present third-person)
bugin (past plural third-person)
būh (present singular)
būget (plural present)
būgandi (present)
bogan (past)
gibogan (past)

Middle Dutch: bugen
Dutch: buigen
Limburgish: buge


sant

Middle Dutch: sant

Dutch: zand


brugga

Middle Dutch: brugge
Dutch: brug, Brugge
Afrikaans: brug
→ Papiamentu: brùg
Limburgish: brögk


fruo

Middle Dutch: vroe
Dutch: vroeg
Afrikaans: vroeg
Berbice Creole Dutch: fruku
Javindo: froeg
Negerhollands: vroe, fru, vrue
→ Sranan Tongo: fruku (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-West Germanic *frō (“early”).


brestan

brestan (infinitive)
bresto (first-person present singular)
breston (first-person present singular)
brast (first-person past singular)
bristis (present second-person singular)
bristist (present second-person singular)
brusti (past second-person singular)
brustis (past second-person singular)
bristit (present singular third-person)
brast (past singular third-person)
breston (first-person plural present)
brustun (first-person past plural)
brestet (plural present second-person)
brustut (past plural second-person)
brestont (plural present third-person)
brustun (past plural third-person)
breste (first-person present singular)
brusti (first-person past singular)
brestes (present second-person singular)
brestest (present second-person singular)
breste (present singular third-person)
brusti (past singular third-person)
bresten (first-person plural present)
brustin (first-person past plural)
brustit (past plural second-person)
bresten (plural present third-person)
brustin (past plural third-person)
brest (present singular)
brist (present singular)
brestet (plural present)
brestandi (present)
brostan (past)
gibrostan (past)

Middle Dutch: bersten, barsten
Dutch: barsten, bersten
Afrikaans: bars

From Proto-West Germanic *brestan, from Proto-Germanic *brestaną.


wellen

wellen (infinitive)
wello (first-person present singular)
wellon (first-person present singular)
welida (first-person past singular)
welis (present second-person singular)
welist (present second-person singular)
welidos (past second-person singular)
welit (present singular third-person)
welida (past singular third-person)
wellen (first-person plural present)
welidun (first-person past plural)
welit (plural present second-person)
welidut (past plural second-person)
wellent (plural present third-person)
welidun (past plural third-person)
welle (first-person present singular)
welidi (first-person past singular)
welles (present second-person singular)
wellest (present second-person singular)
welidis (past second-person singular)
welle (present singular third-person)
welidi (past singular third-person)
welidin (first-person past plural)
wellet (plural present second-person)
welidit (past plural second-person)
wellen (plural present third-person)
welidin (past plural third-person)
weli (present singular)
welit (plural present)
wellendi (present)
welit (past)
giwelit (past)


fehtan

fehtan (infinitive)
fehto (first-person present singular)
fehton (first-person present singular)
faht (first-person past singular)
fihtis (present second-person singular)
fihtist (present second-person singular)
fuhti (past second-person singular)
fuhtis (past second-person singular)
fihtit (present singular third-person)
faht (past singular third-person)
fehton (first-person plural present)
fuhtun (first-person past plural)
fehtet (plural present second-person)
fuhtut (past plural second-person)
fehtont (plural present third-person)
fuhtun (past plural third-person)
fehte (first-person present singular)
fuhti (first-person past singular)
fehtes (present second-person singular)
fehtest (present second-person singular)
fehte (present singular third-person)
fuhti (past singular third-person)
fehten (first-person plural present)
fuhtin (first-person past plural)
fuhtit (past plural second-person)
fehten (plural present third-person)
fuhtin (past plural third-person)
feht (present singular)
fiht (present singular)
fehtet (plural present)
fehtandi (present)
fohtan (past)
gifohtan (past)

Middle Dutch: vechten
Dutch: vechten
Afrikaans: veg
Berbice Creole Dutch: purkaru
Negerhollands: vekkete, fegete, figiti, fikiti
→ Virgin Islands Creole: fikiti (dated)
Limburgish: vechte
West Flemish: vichten

From Proto-West Germanic *fehtan, from Proto-Germanic *fehtaną.


fallan

fallan (infinitive)
fallo (first-person present singular)
fallon (first-person present singular)
fiel (first-person past singular)
fellis (present second-person singular)
fellist (present second-person singular)
fieli (past second-person singular)
fielis (past second-person singular)
fellit (present singular third-person)
fiel (past singular third-person)
fallon (first-person plural present)
fielun (first-person past plural)
fallet (plural present second-person)
fielut (past plural second-person)
fallont (plural present third-person)
fielun (past plural third-person)
falle (first-person present singular)
fieli (first-person past singular)
falles (present second-person singular)
fallest (present second-person singular)
falle (present singular third-person)
fieli (past singular third-person)
fallen (first-person plural present)
fielin (first-person past plural)
fielit (past plural second-person)
fallen (plural present third-person)
fielin (past plural third-person)
fal (present singular)
fallet (plural present)
fallandi (present)
fallan (past)
gifallan (past)

Middle Dutch: vallen
Dutch: vallen
Limburgish: valle


lut

Middle Dutch: geluut, geluet, geluyt
Dutch: geluid
Afrikaans: geluid
Petjo: heluit

From Proto-Germanic *hleuþą (“sound”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew-to-, derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱlew- (“hear”). Cognate with Gothic 𐌷𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌸 (hliuþ).


farn

Middle Dutch: varen

Dutch: varen

Afrikaans: varing

From Proto-West Germanic *farn. Compare Old English fearn and Old Saxon farn.


gelo

Middle Dutch: gēle

Dutch: geel

Limburgish: gael


houwan

houwan (infinitive)
houwo (first-person present singular)
houwon (first-person present singular)
hiew (first-person past singular)
houwis (present second-person singular)
houwist (present second-person singular)
hiewi (past second-person singular)
hiewis (past second-person singular)
houwit (present singular third-person)
hiew (past singular third-person)
houwon (first-person plural present)
hiewun (first-person past plural)
houwet (plural present second-person)
hiewut (past plural second-person)
houwont (plural present third-person)
hiewun (past plural third-person)
houwe (first-person present singular)
hiewi (first-person past singular)
houwes (present second-person singular)
houwest (present second-person singular)
houwe (present singular third-person)
hiewi (past singular third-person)
houwen (first-person plural present)
hiewin (first-person past plural)
hiewit (past plural second-person)
houwen (plural present third-person)
hiewin (past plural third-person)
houw (present singular)
houwet (plural present)
houwandi (present)
houwan (past)
gihouwan (past)

Middle Dutch: houwen
Dutch: houwen
Afrikaans: hou
Limburgish: houwe

From Proto-West Germanic *hauwan, from Proto-Germanic *hawwaną.


garo

Middle Dutch: gare, gaer

Dutch: gaar

Negerhollands: gaar

Petjo: gaar

Skepi Creole Dutch: gar

From Proto-West Germanic *garu, from Proto-Germanic *garwaz. Compare Old English ġearo and Old High German garo.


fogal

fogal (nominative singular)
fogala (nominative plural)
fogal (accusative singular)
fogala (accusative plural)
fogales (genitive singular)
fogalo (genitive plural)
fogale (dative singular)
fogalon (dative plural)

Middle Dutch: vōgel
Dutch: vogel
Afrikaans: voël
→ English: voël
Jersey Dutch: fœüxel
Negerhollands: vogel
Skepi Creole Dutch: fogul
→? Sranan Tongo: fowru, vol, vool
→ Saramaccan: fóu
Limburgish: vogel, voeagel
West Flemish: veugel
Zealandic: veugel

From Proto-West Germanic *fugl, from Proto-Germanic *fuglaz.

Thie fogal ne is hiera. Thie is bi themo thorpe.

The bird is not here. It (literally "he") is in the town.

Hebban olla vogala nestas hagunnan

All birds have started to build their nests


merken

merken (infinitive)
merco (first-person present singular)
mercon (first-person present singular)
merkida (first-person past singular)
merkis (present second-person singular)
merkist (present second-person singular)
merkidos (past second-person singular)
merkit (present singular third-person)
merkida (past singular third-person)
merken (first-person plural present)
merkidun (first-person past plural)
merkit (plural present second-person)
merkidut (past plural second-person)
merkent (plural present third-person)
merkidun (past plural third-person)
merke (first-person present singular)
merkidi (first-person past singular)
merkes (present second-person singular)
merkest (present second-person singular)
merkidis (past second-person singular)
merke (present singular third-person)
merkidi (past singular third-person)
merkidin (first-person past plural)
merket (plural present second-person)
merkidit (past plural second-person)
merken (plural present third-person)
merkidin (past plural third-person)
merki (present singular)
merkit (plural present)
merkendi (present)
merkit (past)
gimerkit (past)

Middle Dutch: merken
Dutch: merken
Limburgish: mèrke

From Proto-West Germanic *markijan, from Proto-Germanic *markijaną.


sweren

sweren (infinitive)
swero (first-person present singular)
sweron (first-person present singular)
swuor (first-person past singular)
sweris (present second-person singular)
swerist (present second-person singular)
swuori (past second-person singular)
swuoris (past second-person singular)
swerit (present singular third-person)
swuor (past singular third-person)
sweren (first-person plural present)
swuorun (first-person past plural)
sweret (plural present second-person)
swuorut (past plural second-person)
swerent (plural present third-person)
swuorun (past plural third-person)
swere (first-person present singular)
swuori (first-person past singular)
sweres (present second-person singular)
swerest (present second-person singular)
swere (present singular third-person)
swuori (past singular third-person)
swuorin (first-person past plural)
swuorit (past plural second-person)
sweren (plural present third-person)
swuorin (past plural third-person)
sweri (present singular)
sweret (plural present)
swerendi (present)
swaran (past)
giswaran (past)

Middle Dutch: swēren, swerren
Dutch: zweren
Afrikaans: sweer
Negerhollands: sweer
Limburgish: zwaere

From Proto-West Germanic *swarjan, from Proto-Germanic *swarjaną.


fingar

Middle Dutch: vinger
Dutch: vinger
Afrikaans: vinger
Berbice Creole Dutch: finggri
Negerhollands: vinger, fiṅgu, finger
→? Aukan: finga
→? Caribbean Hindustani: ungri
→? Sranan Tongo: finga
→ Saramaccan: fingá
Limburgish: vinger, vènger

From Proto-West Germanic *fingr, from Proto-Germanic *fingraz.


senden

senden (infinitive)
sendo (first-person present singular)
sendon (first-person present singular)
sanda (first-person past singular)
sendis (present second-person singular)
sendist (present second-person singular)
sandos (past second-person singular)
sendit (present singular third-person)
sanda (past singular third-person)
senden (first-person plural present)
sandun (first-person past plural)
sendit (plural present second-person)
sandut (past plural second-person)
sendent (plural present third-person)
sandun (past plural third-person)
sende (first-person present singular)
sendi (first-person past singular)
sendes (present second-person singular)
sendest (present second-person singular)
sendis (past second-person singular)
sende (present singular third-person)
sendi (past singular third-person)
sendin (first-person past plural)
sendet (plural present second-person)
sendit (past plural second-person)
senden (plural present third-person)
sendin (past plural third-person)
sendi (present singular)
sendit (plural present)
sendendi (present)
sant (past)
gisant (past)

Middle Dutch: senden
Dutch: zenden
Limburgish: zènje


wecken

wecken (infinitive)
wecco (first-person present singular)
weccon (first-person present singular)
wekida (first-person past singular)
wekis (present second-person singular)
wekist (present second-person singular)
wekidos (past second-person singular)
wekit (present singular third-person)
wekida (past singular third-person)
wecken (first-person plural present)
wekidun (first-person past plural)
wekit (plural present second-person)
wekidut (past plural second-person)
weckent (plural present third-person)
wekidun (past plural third-person)
wecke (first-person present singular)
wekidi (first-person past singular)
weckes (present second-person singular)
weckest (present second-person singular)
wekidis (past second-person singular)
wecke (present singular third-person)
wekidi (past singular third-person)
wekidin (first-person past plural)
wecket (plural present second-person)
wekidit (past plural second-person)
wecken (plural present third-person)
wekidin (past plural third-person)
weki (present singular)
wekit (plural present)
weckendi (present)
wekit (past)
giwekit (past)

Middle Dutch: wecken
Dutch: wekken
Limburgish: wèkke


sticken

sticken (infinitive)
sticco (first-person present singular)
sticcon (first-person present singular)
stickida (first-person past singular)
stickis (present second-person singular)
stickist (present second-person singular)
stickidos (past second-person singular)
stickit (present singular third-person)
stickida (past singular third-person)
sticken (first-person plural present)
stickidun (first-person past plural)
stickit (plural present second-person)
stickidut (past plural second-person)
stickent (plural present third-person)
stickidun (past plural third-person)
sticke (first-person present singular)
stickidi (first-person past singular)
stickes (present second-person singular)
stickest (present second-person singular)
stickidis (past second-person singular)
sticke (present singular third-person)
stickidi (past singular third-person)
stickidin (first-person past plural)
sticket (plural present second-person)
stickidit (past plural second-person)
sticken (plural present third-person)
stickidin (past plural third-person)
sticki (present singular)
stickit (plural present)
stickendi (present)
stickit (past)
gistickit (past)

Middle Dutch: sticken


casto

Middle Dutch: caste

Dutch: kast


lera

Middle Dutch: lêre
Dutch: leer
Limburgish: lieër

From Proto-West Germanic *laiʀu, from Proto-Germanic *laizō.


Bernhard

Bernhart (nominative singular)
Bernhart (accusative singular)

Middle Dutch: Bernaerd

Dutch: Bernaart

→ English: Bernard

From Proto-West Germanic *Bernuhardu from Proto-Germanic *Bernuharduz. Equivalent to *bero + hart.

a male given name, equivalent to English Bernard

Bernardekercha

a placename; currently Noord-Scharwoude, though the names are unrelated


armo

Middle Dutch: arme

Dutch: arme


copen

cōpen (canonical)
cōpen (infinitive)
cōpo (first-person present singular)
cōpon (first-person present singular)
cōfta (first-person past singular)
cōpis (present second-person singular)
cōpist (present second-person singular)
cōftos (past second-person singular)
cōpit (present singular third-person)
cōfta (past singular third-person)
cōpen (first-person plural present)
cōftun (first-person past plural)
cōpit (plural present second-person)
cōftut (past plural second-person)
cōpent (plural present third-person)
cōftun (past plural third-person)
cōpe (first-person present singular)
cōfti (first-person past singular)
cōpes (present second-person singular)
cōpest (present second-person singular)
cōftis (past second-person singular)
cōpe (present singular third-person)
cōfti (past singular third-person)
cōftin (first-person past plural)
cōpet (plural present second-person)
cōftit (past plural second-person)
cōpen (plural present third-person)
cōftin (past plural third-person)
cōpi (present singular)
cōpit (plural present)
cōpendi (present)
cōft (past)
gicōft (past)

Middle Dutch: côpen
Dutch: kopen
Afrikaans: koop
Berbice Creole Dutch: kopu
Negerhollands: koop, kop
Skepi Creole Dutch: kop
Limburgish: koupe


cunden

cunden (infinitive)
cundo (first-person present singular)
cundon (first-person present singular)
cundida (first-person past singular)
cundis (present second-person singular)
cundist (present second-person singular)
cundidos (past second-person singular)
cundit (present singular third-person)
cundida (past singular third-person)
cunden (first-person plural present)
cundidun (first-person past plural)
cundit (plural present second-person)
cundidut (past plural second-person)
cundent (plural present third-person)
cundidun (past plural third-person)
cunde (first-person present singular)
cundidi (first-person past singular)
cundes (present second-person singular)
cundest (present second-person singular)
cundidis (past second-person singular)
cunde (present singular third-person)
cundidi (past singular third-person)
cundidin (first-person past plural)
cundet (plural present second-person)
cundidit (past plural second-person)
cunden (plural present third-person)
cundidin (past plural third-person)
cundi (present singular)
cundit (plural present)
cundendi (present)
cundit (past)
gicundit (past)

Middle Dutch: conden
Dutch: konden


sitten

sitten (infinitive)
sitto (first-person present singular)
sitton (first-person present singular)
sat (first-person past singular)
sitis (present second-person singular)
sitist (present second-person singular)
sāti (past second-person singular)
sātis (past second-person singular)
sitit (present singular third-person)
sat (past singular third-person)
sitten (first-person plural present)
sātun (first-person past plural)
sitet (plural present second-person)
sātut (past plural second-person)
sittent (plural present third-person)
sātun (past plural third-person)
sitte (first-person present singular)
sāti (first-person past singular)
sittes (present second-person singular)
sittest (present second-person singular)
sitte (present singular third-person)
sāti (past singular third-person)
sātin (first-person past plural)
sittet (plural present second-person)
sātit (past plural second-person)
sitten (plural present third-person)
sātin (past plural third-person)
siti (present singular)
sitet (plural present)
sittendi (present)
setan (past)
gisetan (past)

Middle Dutch: sitten
Dutch: zitten
Limburgish: zitte


gravan

Middle Dutch: grāven
Dutch: graven
Afrikaans: graaf
Jersey Dutch: xrâve
Negerhollands: graav, graev
Limburgish: grave


gravo

grāvo (canonical masculine)
gravo (nominative singular)
gravon (nominative plural)
gravo (accusative singular)
gravon (accusative plural)
gravon (genitive singular)
gravon (genitive plural)
gravin (dative singular)
gravon (dative plural)

Middle Dutch: grâve

Dutch: graaf

Afrikaans: graaf

count; servant of the king with a specific supervisory task


latan

lātan (canonical)
lātan (infinitive)
lāto (first-person present singular)
lāton (first-person present singular)
liet (first-person past singular)
lātis (present second-person singular)
lātist (present second-person singular)
lieti (past second-person singular)
lietis (past second-person singular)
lātit (present singular third-person)
liet (past singular third-person)
lāton (first-person plural present)
lietun (first-person past plural)
lātet (plural present second-person)
lietut (past plural second-person)
lātont (plural present third-person)
lietun (past plural third-person)
lāte (first-person present singular)
lieti (first-person past singular)
lātes (present second-person singular)
lātest (present second-person singular)
lāte (present singular third-person)
lieti (past singular third-person)
lāten (first-person plural present)
lietin (first-person past plural)
lietit (past plural second-person)
lāten (plural present third-person)
lietin (past plural third-person)
lāt (present singular)
lātet (plural present)
lātandi (present)
lātan (past)
gilātan (past)

Middle Dutch: lâten
Dutch: laten
Afrikaans: laat
Berbice Creole Dutch: latn
Jersey Dutch: lâte
Skepi Creole Dutch: at
Limburgish: laote


nivelen

Likely from *niuwal, which is either a compound of niuwi (“new”) or *al (“house, farmstead, holy place”) or comes from Proto-West Germanic *niwialhô- (“low-lying”).

inh

Nieuwaal (a village in modern Gelderland, the Netherlands)


reinen

reinen (infinitive)
reino (first-person present singular)
reinon (first-person present singular)
reinida (first-person past singular)
reinis (present second-person singular)
reinist (present second-person singular)
reinidos (past second-person singular)
reinit (present singular third-person)
reinida (past singular third-person)
reinen (first-person plural present)
reinidun (first-person past plural)
reinit (plural present second-person)
reinidut (past plural second-person)
reinent (plural present third-person)
reinidun (past plural third-person)
reine (first-person present singular)
reinidi (first-person past singular)
reines (present second-person singular)
reinest (present second-person singular)
reinidis (past second-person singular)
reine (present singular third-person)
reinidi (past singular third-person)
reinidin (first-person past plural)
reinet (plural present second-person)
reinidit (past plural second-person)
reinen (plural present third-person)
reinidin (past plural third-person)
reini (present singular)
reinit (plural present)
reinendi (present)
reinit (past)
gireinit (past)

desctree

Middle Dutch: reinen
Dutch: reinen
Limburgish: reine

From Proto-Germanic *hrainijaną, equivalent to reini + -en.


bluot

bluot (nominative singular)
bluot (nominative plural)
bluot (accusative singular)
bluot (accusative plural)
bluotis (genitive singular)
-es (genitive singular)
bluoto (genitive plural)
bluote (dative singular)
-i (dative singular)
bluoton (dative plural)

Middle Dutch: bloet
Dutch: bloed
Afrikaans: bloed
Berbice Creole Dutch: blutu
Javindo: bloet
Skepi Creole Dutch: blut
→? Sranan Tongo: brudu
→ Aukan: buulu
→ Saramaccan: buúu
Limburgish: blood

From Proto-West Germanic *blōd, from Proto-Germanic *blōþą.


brot

brōt (canonical neuter)
brōt (nominative singular)
brōt (nominative plural)
brōt (accusative singular)
brōt (accusative plural)
brōtis (genitive singular)
-es (genitive singular)
brōto (genitive plural)
brōte (dative singular)
-i (dative singular)
brōton (dative plural)

Middle Dutch: brôot
Dutch: brood
Afrikaans: brood
Berbice Creole Dutch: broto
Jersey Dutch: brôt
Negerhollands: brood, brot
Skepi Creole Dutch: brot
Limburgish: broead

From Proto-West Germanic *braud, from Proto-Germanic *braudą.


ando

Middle Dutch: ande


tian

tian (infinitive)
tio (first-person present singular)
tion (first-person present singular)
tōh (first-person past singular)
ties (present second-person singular)
tiest (present second-person singular)
tugi (past second-person singular)
tugis (past second-person singular)
tiet (present singular third-person)
tōh (past singular third-person)
tion (first-person plural present)
tugun (first-person past plural)
tiet (plural present second-person)
tugut (past plural second-person)
tiont (plural present third-person)
tugun (past plural third-person)
tie (first-person present singular)
tugi (first-person past singular)
tie (present singular third-person)
tugi (past singular third-person)
tien (first-person plural present)
tugin (first-person past plural)
tugit (past plural second-person)
tien (plural present third-person)
tugin (past plural third-person)
tieh (present singular)
tiet (plural present)
tiandi (present)
togan (past)
gitogan (past)

Middle Dutch: tiën

Dutch: tijgen


tian

tīan (canonical)
tīan (infinitive)
tīo (first-person present singular)
tīon (first-person present singular)
tēh (first-person past singular)
tīes (present second-person singular)
tīest (present second-person singular)
tigi (past second-person singular)
tigis (past second-person singular)
tīet (present singular third-person)
tēh (past singular third-person)
tīon (first-person plural present)
tigun (first-person past plural)
tīet (plural present second-person)
tigut (past plural second-person)
tīont (plural present third-person)
tigun (past plural third-person)
tīe (first-person present singular)
tigi (first-person past singular)
tīe (present singular third-person)
tigi (past singular third-person)
tīen (first-person plural present)
tigin (first-person past plural)
tigit (past plural second-person)
tīen (plural present third-person)
tigin (past plural third-person)
tīh (present singular)
tīet (plural present)
tīandi (present)
tigan (past)
gitigan (past)

Middle Dutch: tiën

Dutch: tijgen, aantijgen
Afrikaans: aantyg


libben

libben (infinitive)
levon (infinitive)
libbo (first-person present singular)
libbon (first-person present singular)
levo (first-person present singular)
levon (first-person present singular)
levda (first-person past singular)
levoda (first-person past singular)
lives (present second-person singular)
livest (present second-person singular)
levos (present second-person singular)
levost (present second-person singular)
levdos (past second-person singular)
levodos (past second-person singular)
livet (present singular third-person)
levot (present singular third-person)
levda (past singular third-person)
levoda (past singular third-person)
libbon (first-person plural present)
levon (first-person plural present)
levdun (first-person past plural)
levodun (first-person past plural)
livet (plural present second-person)
levot (plural present second-person)
levdut (past plural second-person)
levodut (past plural second-person)
libbent (plural present third-person)
levont (plural present third-person)
levdun (past plural third-person)
levodun (past plural third-person)
libbe (first-person present singular)
livdi (first-person past singular)
levodi (first-person past singular)
libbes (present second-person singular)
libbest (present second-person singular)
livdis (past second-person singular)
levodis (past second-person singular)
libbe (present singular third-person)
levo (present singular third-person)
livdi (past singular third-person)
levodi (past singular third-person)
libben (first-person plural present)
livdin (first-person past plural)
levodin (first-person past plural)
libbet (plural present second-person)
livdit (past plural second-person)
levodit (past plural second-person)
libben (plural present third-person)
levon (plural present third-person)
livdin (past plural third-person)
levodin (past plural third-person)
live (present singular)
levo (present singular)
livet (plural present)
levot (plural present)
libbendi (present)
levondi (present)
gileft (past)
gilevot (past)

Middle Dutch: leven
Dutch: leven
Afrikaans: leef, lewe
Berbice Creole Dutch: lefu
Jersey Dutch: lêve
Negerhollands: leev, lif, leven
Limburgish: laeve

From Proto-West Germanic *libbjan, from Proto-Germanic *libjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“leave, cling, linger”).


huo

desctree

Middle Dutch: hoe
Dutch: hoe
Limburgish: woe


baco

Middle Dutch: bāke

Dutch: baak


hagal

Middle Dutch: hagel
Dutch: hagel
Afrikaans: hael
Berbice Creole Dutch: hagli
Negerhollands: hagel
→ Papiamentu: hagel
→ Sranan Tongo: agra
→ Caribbean Javanese: agrah
→ Saramaccan: hága, ága
Limburgish: hagel, haachel


bort

Middle Dutch: bort

Dutch: bord

Afrikaans: bord

From Proto-West Germanic *bord, from Proto-Germanic *burdą.


leggen

leggen (infinitive)
leggo (first-person present singular)
leggon (first-person present singular)
legida (first-person past singular)
legis (present second-person singular)
legist (present second-person singular)
legidos (past second-person singular)
legit (present singular third-person)
legida (past singular third-person)
leggen (first-person plural present)
legidun (first-person past plural)
legit (plural present second-person)
legidut (past plural second-person)
leggent (plural present third-person)
legidun (past plural third-person)
legge (first-person present singular)
legidi (first-person past singular)
legges (present second-person singular)
leggest (present second-person singular)
legidis (past second-person singular)
legge (present singular third-person)
legidi (past singular third-person)
legidin (first-person past plural)
legget (plural present second-person)
legidit (past plural second-person)
leggen (plural present third-person)
legidin (past plural third-person)
legi (present singular)
legit (plural present)
leggendi (present)
legit (past)
gilegit (past)
leggen (infinitive)
leggo (first-person present singular)
leggon (first-person present singular)
lagda (first-person past singular)
legis (present second-person singular)
legist (present second-person singular)
lagdos (past second-person singular)
legit (present singular third-person)
lagda (past singular third-person)
leggen (first-person plural present)
lagdun (first-person past plural)
legit (plural present second-person)
lagdut (past plural second-person)
leggent (plural present third-person)
lagdun (past plural third-person)
legge (first-person present singular)
legdi (first-person past singular)
legges (present second-person singular)
leggest (present second-person singular)
legdis (past second-person singular)
legge (present singular third-person)
legdi (past singular third-person)
legdin (first-person past plural)
legget (plural present second-person)
legdit (past plural second-person)
leggen (plural present third-person)
legdin (past plural third-person)
legi (present singular)
legit (plural present)
leggendi (present)
laht (past)
gilaht (past)

Middle Dutch: leggen
Dutch: leggen
Afrikaans: lê
Berbice Creole Dutch: lek
Negerhollands: lee, leggen
Skepi Creole Dutch: lek
Limburgish: lègke

From Proto-West Germanic *laggjan, from Proto-Germanic *lagjaną.


neigen

neigen (infinitive)
neigo (first-person present singular)
neigon (first-person present singular)
neigida (first-person past singular)
neigis (present second-person singular)
neigist (present second-person singular)
neigidos (past second-person singular)
neigit (present singular third-person)
neigida (past singular third-person)
neigen (first-person plural present)
neigidun (first-person past plural)
neigit (plural present second-person)
neigidut (past plural second-person)
neigent (plural present third-person)
neigidun (past plural third-person)
neige (first-person present singular)
neigidi (first-person past singular)
neiges (present second-person singular)
neigest (present second-person singular)
neigidis (past second-person singular)
neige (present singular third-person)
neigidi (past singular third-person)
neigidin (first-person past plural)
neiget (plural present second-person)
neigidit (past plural second-person)
neigen (plural present third-person)
neigidin (past plural third-person)
neigi (present singular)
neigit (plural present)
neigendi (present)
neigit (past)
gineigit (past)

Middle Dutch: neigen
Dutch: neigen
Limburgish: neige, nèège


lian

līan (canonical)
līan (infinitive)
līo (first-person present singular)
līon (first-person present singular)
lēh (first-person past singular)
līes (present second-person singular)
līest (present second-person singular)
ligi (past second-person singular)
ligis (past second-person singular)
līet (present singular third-person)
lēh (past singular third-person)
līon (first-person plural present)
ligun (first-person past plural)
līet (plural present second-person)
ligut (past plural second-person)
līont (plural present third-person)
ligun (past plural third-person)
līe (first-person present singular)
ligi (first-person past singular)
līe (present singular third-person)
ligi (past singular third-person)
līen (first-person plural present)
ligin (first-person past plural)
ligit (past plural second-person)
līen (plural present third-person)
ligin (past plural third-person)
līh (present singular)
līet (plural present)
līandi (present)
ligan (past)
giligan (past)

Middle Dutch: liën

From Proto-West Germanic *līhwan, from Proto-Germanic *līhwaną.


lian

Middle Dutch: liën


fus

Middle Dutch: vos
Dutch: vos
Afrikaans: vos
Jersey Dutch: vośe
Negerhollands: vos
Limburgish: vósj


cuo

Middle Dutch: coe
Dutch: koe (see there for further descendants)
Limburgish: ków
West Flemish: koe


stigan

stīgan (canonical)
stīgan (infinitive)
stīgo (first-person present singular)
stīgon (first-person present singular)
stēh (first-person past singular)
stīgis (present second-person singular)
stīgist (present second-person singular)
stigi (past second-person singular)
stigis (past second-person singular)
stīgit (present singular third-person)
stēh (past singular third-person)
stīgon (first-person plural present)
stigun (first-person past plural)
stīget (plural present second-person)
stigut (past plural second-person)
stīgont (plural present third-person)
stigun (past plural third-person)
stīge (first-person present singular)
stigi (first-person past singular)
stīges (present second-person singular)
stīgest (present second-person singular)
stīge (present singular third-person)
stigi (past singular third-person)
stīgen (first-person plural present)
stigin (first-person past plural)
stigit (past plural second-person)
stīgen (plural present third-person)
stigin (past plural third-person)
stīh (present singular)
stīget (plural present)
stīgandi (present)
stigan (past)
gistigan (past)

Middle Dutch: stigen
Dutch: stijgen
Limburgish: stiege

From Proto-West Germanic *stīgan, from Proto-Germanic *stīganą.