See testard in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "testa",
"3": "ard",
"t1": "head"
},
"expansion": "testa (“head”) + -ard",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "têtard"
},
"expansion": "French têtard",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "testard"
},
"expansion": "Catalan testard",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From testa (“head”) + -ard. Compare French têtard and Catalan testard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "testarda",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "testards",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testardas",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"10": "",
"11": "feminine plural",
"12": "testardas",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "feminine singular",
"6": "testarda",
"7": "masculine plural",
"8": "testards",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "f|s",
"f3accel-form": "m|p",
"f4accel-form": "m|p",
"f5accel-form": "f|p",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "testard m (feminine singular testarda, masculine plural testards, feminine plural testardas)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"f": "testarda"
},
"expansion": "testard m (feminine singular testarda, masculine plural testards, feminine plural testardas)",
"name": "oc-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"stubborn, headstrong, obstinate."
],
"id": "en-testard-oc-adj-~BA6e4hD",
"links": [
[
"stubborn",
"stubborn"
],
[
"headstrong",
"headstrong"
],
[
"obstinate",
"obstinate"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "testut"
},
{
"word": "caput"
},
{
"word": "entestat"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "testard"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "entestardir"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "testardariá"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "testardejar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "testarditge"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "testa",
"3": "ard",
"t1": "head"
},
"expansion": "testa (“head”) + -ard",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "têtard"
},
"expansion": "French têtard",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "testard"
},
"expansion": "Catalan testard",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From testa (“head”) + -ard. Compare French têtard and Catalan testard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "testards",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testarda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "testardas",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"10": "testardas",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "testards",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{pl2}}}",
"7": "feminine",
"8": "testarda",
"9": "feminine plural",
"cat2": "countable nouns",
"checkredlinks": "1",
"f1accel-form": "p",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "testard m (plural testards, feminine testarda, feminine plural testardas)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"f": "testarda"
},
"expansion": "testard m (plural testards, feminine testarda, feminine plural testardas)",
"name": "oc-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "testa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "testut"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 37 8 39 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 57 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Occitan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 75 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Occitan terms suffixed with -ard",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a stubborn person"
],
"id": "en-testard-oc-noun-hhC0RboO",
"links": [
[
"stubborn",
"stubborn"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"tadpole"
],
"id": "en-testard-oc-noun-52vPrG7s",
"links": [
[
"tadpole",
"tadpole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Lengadocien) tadpole"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "testard"
}
{
"categories": [
"Occitan adjectives",
"Occitan countable nouns",
"Occitan entries with incorrect language header",
"Occitan lemmas",
"Occitan masculine nouns",
"Occitan nouns",
"Occitan nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Occitan terms suffixed with -ard",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "testa",
"3": "ard",
"t1": "head"
},
"expansion": "testa (“head”) + -ard",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "têtard"
},
"expansion": "French têtard",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "testard"
},
"expansion": "Catalan testard",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From testa (“head”) + -ard. Compare French têtard and Catalan testard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "testarda",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "testards",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testardas",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"10": "",
"11": "feminine plural",
"12": "testardas",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "feminine singular",
"6": "testarda",
"7": "masculine plural",
"8": "testards",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "f|s",
"f3accel-form": "m|p",
"f4accel-form": "m|p",
"f5accel-form": "f|p",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "testard m (feminine singular testarda, masculine plural testards, feminine plural testardas)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"f": "testarda"
},
"expansion": "testard m (feminine singular testarda, masculine plural testards, feminine plural testardas)",
"name": "oc-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"stubborn, headstrong, obstinate."
],
"links": [
[
"stubborn",
"stubborn"
],
[
"headstrong",
"headstrong"
],
[
"obstinate",
"obstinate"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "testut"
},
{
"word": "caput"
},
{
"word": "entestat"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "testard"
}
{
"categories": [
"Occitan adjectives",
"Occitan countable nouns",
"Occitan entries with incorrect language header",
"Occitan lemmas",
"Occitan masculine nouns",
"Occitan nouns",
"Occitan nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Occitan terms suffixed with -ard",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "entestardir"
},
{
"word": "testardariá"
},
{
"word": "testardejar"
},
{
"word": "testarditge"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "testa",
"3": "ard",
"t1": "head"
},
"expansion": "testa (“head”) + -ard",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "têtard"
},
"expansion": "French têtard",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "testard"
},
"expansion": "Catalan testard",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From testa (“head”) + -ard. Compare French têtard and Catalan testard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "testards",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "testarda",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "testardas",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"10": "testardas",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "testards",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{pl2}}}",
"7": "feminine",
"8": "testarda",
"9": "feminine plural",
"cat2": "countable nouns",
"checkredlinks": "1",
"f1accel-form": "p",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "testard m (plural testards, feminine testarda, feminine plural testardas)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"f": "testarda"
},
"expansion": "testard m (plural testards, feminine testarda, feminine plural testardas)",
"name": "oc-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "testa"
},
{
"word": "testut"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a stubborn person"
],
"links": [
[
"stubborn",
"stubborn"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"tadpole"
],
"links": [
[
"tadpole",
"tadpole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Lengadocien) tadpole"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "testard"
}
Download raw JSONL data for testard meaning in Occitan (3.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Occitan dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.