dat

Dat varte ikkje lenge.

Dat vil eg ikkje segja deg.

(dated, dialectal) that; succeeded by det


os

Dæmæ venda os aat Bygden

1770, Edvard Storm, “Guten aa Jenta paa Fjøshjellen”, in Den fyrste morgonblånen, Oslo: Novus, published 1990, page 233:


vi

Probably with influence from Swedish vi and Danish vi, from Old Norse vér, from Proto-Germanic *wīz, from Proto-Indo-European *wéy, plural of *éǵh₂.


de

head

de (objective case dykk, possessive dykkar)

From Old Norse þér, ér and þit, it. From a variant of Proto-Germanic *jūz, from Proto-Indo-European *yū́.


de

(Midlandsnormalen or eye dialect) alternative spelling of det n (“that, it”)


de

pronunciation spelling
pronunciation spelling

(dialectal or eye dialect, Trøndelag dialect, Eastern Norway) pronunciation spelling of deg


qua

From Old Norse hvat, from Proto-Germanic *hwat.

Qua skall eg mejra seja[?]

1695, Norske Vers til Kronprintsens Bilager, volume 21, quoted in Syn og Segn, page 272:


i

(dialectal) alternative letter-case form of I; alternative form of eg (“I”)


i

i (objective jær or ær or ør, possessive jærs or ærs or ørs)

jær (objective)
ær (objective)
ør (objective)
jærs (possessive)
ærs (possessive)
ørs (possessive)

From Old Norse ér, ír, from Proto-Germanic *jūz. Possibly via Danish I. Compare with de.

men æg undras paa, at i sku kjenn' mæg; æg trur aller, at æg kjenne ør; æg tyks aller ha sett ør før.

1853, Ivar Aasen, Prøver af Landsmaalet i Norge (overall work in Danish), Christiania: Carl C. Werner & Co., page 2:

Though I wonder how you would know me. I don't think I know you. I don't think I've ever seen you before.

(obsolete, dialectal, polite) you (second person singular)


o

(eye dialect) pronunciation spelling of ho


did

Obsolete spelling of de (“you (plural)”).


ke

(dialectal, Eastern Norway) alternative form of kva (“what”)


me

From Old Norse mit, a form of vit (“we two, the both of us”) influenced by the final -m in Old Norse verbs inflected in the first person plural.

Kva skal me gjera?


me

"No, Unga, kunne de slutte mæ Lesnae ei Stund o høyre paa me."

1879, Hallvard Berg, Segner fraa Bygdom, Christiania: Samlaget, page 93:

"Now, kids, you stop with the reading for a while and listen to me."


du

From Old Norse þú, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Akin to English thou.


d

* (det): abbreviation
* (død): abbreviation


e

(dialectal, parts of Trøndelag and Western Norway) pronunciation spelling of eg (“I”).


han

he, him, it (third person singular, masculine)


ho

ho (accusative ho or henne, genitive hennar)

ho (accusative)
henne (accusative)
hennar (genitive)

From Old Norse hón, from Proto-Germanic *hēnō (compare *ainaz). Cognate with Icelandic hún, Danish hun and Swedish hon.

Ho er bestevenninna mi.

she, it (third person singular, feminine)

Eg ser ho.


der

From Middle Norwegian *þiðr, whence also dere. Borrowed from Old East Norse iðʀ with added þ-, similar to þit from hafið it.

(dialectal, South East Norway) objective case of de; alternative form of dykk (“you (plural)”)


je

meg (accusative)
me (accusative dialectal)

(pre-1938 or dialectal) alternative form of eg (“I”)


sum

sum m (feminine sum, neuter sumt, plural sume)

sum (feminine)
sumt (neuter)
sume (plural)


From Old Norse hana, the accusative form of hon (“she”). Compare with Swedish na. The correct term in Norwegian Bokmål would be henne, and either ho or henne in Norwegian Nynorsk.

(dialectal, colloquial) her; object form of ho


som

Dette er bilen som eg kjøpte.

Det var den mannen som kom.


som

som m (feminine som, neuter somt, plural somme)

som (feminine)
somt (neuter)
somme (plural)

From Old Norse sumr. Akin to English some.

Somt av det er nytt, resten er gamalt.


hen

<i class="Latn mention" lang="en">possessive</i>

hen (third person singular gender-neutral personal pronoun, possessive hens)

Kjem studenten for seint, må hen venta ute.

If the student comes too late, they have to wait outside.

Har du nummeret hens?


den

From Old Norse þann, þenn, masculine accusative singular of sá, from Proto-Germanic *sa, from Proto-Indo-European *só.

Eg vil ha den.


eg

From Old Norse ek, from Proto-Norse ᛖᚲ (ek), from Proto-Germanic *ek, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. Akin to English I.

I (first-person singular personal pronoun)


di

From Old Norse þín, feminine singular nominative of þinn (“your, yours”). See main entry for more.


di

Pronunciation spelling and/or eye dialect of various pronouns and determiners. See the etymology of the respective main entries.


dei

Veit du kvar dei er?

Dei der borte?


det

er det det det er

it; third person singular, neuter gender


ein

From Old Norse einn, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos. Akin to English one, an.

Ein skal ikkje tru på alt ein høyrer.

One should not believe everything one is told.

Eg kjenner ein som kan spela trombone.

I know someone who can play the trombone.


æ

æ (accusative mæ, genitive masculine min, genitive feminine mi, genitive neuter mett or mitt)

mæ (accusative)
min (genitive masculine)
mi (feminine genitive)
mett (genitive neuter)
mitt (genitive neuter)

Ultimately from Old Norse ek. In some cases, from earlier æg (which is also still used).

- Æ e i A.
- Å, æ e i A æ å!
- I am in the A (school classroom).
- Oh, I am in A too!

(dialectal, Trøndelag dialect, Northern Norway, parts of Southern Norway) Alternative form of eg (“first-person singular personal pronoun”)

Northern Norway; parts of Southern Norway; Northern Norway; parts of Southern Norway


å

From Old Norse hvat, same as kva. Other dialectal variants include ka, ke or kæ.

aa

Etymologies 2-6, obsolete typography (pre-1917)

(dialectal) what (interrogative pronoun)


alt

Inherited from Old Norse allt. Compare to Swedish allt

alt kan skje


æg

æg (accusative mæg, genitive masculine min, genitive feminine mi, genitive neuter mett)

mæg (accusative)
min (genitive masculine)
mi (feminine genitive)
mett (genitive neuter)

(dialectal, parts of Trøndelag) Alternative form of eg (“first-person singular personal pronoun”)


ka

Ka e da du gjere på?

(dialectal, Trøndelag dialect, Northern Norway, Vestlandet, non-standard since 1959) alternative form of kva (“what”)


meg

objective case of eg: me (direct object of a verb)


I

From Old Norse ek, from Proto-Norse ᛖᚲ (ek), from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. The upper case spelling might be an orthographic influence from cognate English I, or as a means to differenciate from native preposition i (“in”).

(dialectal) alternative form of eg (first person singular pronoun)


I

I (objective ær or ør or jærs, possessive ærs or ørs or jærs)

ær (objective)
ør (objective)
jærs (objective)
ærs (possessive)
ørs (possessive)
jærs (possessive)

Possibly through Danish I. From Old Norse ér, ír, from Proto-Germanic *jūz, from Proto-Indo-European *yū́. Compare with de. The upper case spelling might be explained either by its use as an honorific, or with its plausible Danish origins.

(obsolete or dialectal, polite) you (second person singular)


hu

(dialectal, nonstandard) alternative form of ho (“she”)


så

From Old Norse svá, from Proto-Germanic *swa, *swē. Akin to English so.

Podl, Jesu Christi tenar, saa va kadlæ te a væra senningsbu

c. 1700, Sigurd Kolsrud, quoting Jacob Rasch, “Eldste nynorske bibeltekst: Jacob Rasch c. 1700”, in Syn og Segn, volume 56, published 1950, page 110:

Paul, servant of Jesus Christ, which was called to be apostle.


ær

(obsolete or dialectal) objective case of i


oss

From Old Norse accusative and dative oss of vér, from Proto-Germanic accusative *uns, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥smé.

(personal) us; me and at least one other person; objective case of me and vi

vi tok oss god tid

1998, Jon Fosse, Natta syng sine songar, Oslo: Samlaget, page 203:

Når va det oss skoillj fårrå te skævven?

When we were supposed to go to the forest?

Dæmæ venda os aat Bygden

(dialectal, Gudbrandsdal, Romsdal, Trøndelag dialect, personal) we


ingen

ingen (masculine ingen, feminine inga, neuter inkje, plural ingen)

ingen (masculine)
inga (feminine)
inkje (neuter)
ingen (plural)

From Middle Norwegian eingin, from Old Norse enginn, a newer form of engi. Cognate with Faroese eingin, Icelandic enginn, Swedish ingen and Danish ingen.


honom

him; objective case of han. (pre-2012) alternative form of han


kem

Det er itj lett å våttå kem som ska vinn' kappleiken idag

It is not easy to know who is going to win the competition today

(dialectal, Trøndelag dialect, non-standard since 1959) alternative form of kven (“who”)


dess

From Old Norse þess, masculine or neuter genitive singular of þat n.

(rare, literary); possessive form of det.


dere

From Middle Norwegian *þiðr, whence also der. Borrowed from Old East Norse iðʀ with added þ-, similar to þit from hafið it.


ditta

Ditta e bra.


ingenting

Du kan få alt eller ingenting
Velkommen inn, elskling

You can have everything or nothing
Welcome in, darling


mang

mang f or m (neuter mangt, plural mange)

From Middle Norwegian mangr, probably from East Norse.

In theory the base form of mange (“many”). Only used in the pronoun phrases mang ein m and mang ei f, and mangt eit n.


seg

From Old Norse sik, from Proto-Germanic *sek (accusative of *se-). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *swe- (“self”).

(with verb) oneself; itself; himself/herself


annat

(dated) neuter of annan; succeeded by anna


dør

From Middle Norwegian þyðr, whence also dø and døre. From yðr with added þ-, similar to þit from hafið it.

(dialectal, South East Norway) objective case of de; alternative form of dykk (“you (plural)”)


noen

noen (feminine noen, neuter noe, plural noen)

noen (feminine)
noe (neuter)
noen (plural)


osse

den tyrkiske kafeverten så serverte osse kebab, gratulerte osse med dagjen

2012 June 28, “Slutt på flaggsesongen”, in Solabladet, page 14:

The Turkish server who served us kebab, congratulated us with the day

(dialect) alternative form of oss (“us”)


niks

From Low German niks (“nothing”) and German nichts.


noe

A g-less form of nogo (cf. noo) with a weakened end vowel. From Old Norse nǫkkut, neuter of nǫkkurr.

(dialectal or pre-2012) alternative form of noko (“something”)


dår

(dialectal) object case of di (“you (plural)”)


kven

Kven er du?


kva

From Old Norse hvat, from Proto-Germanic *hwat, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷód, *kʷod. Akin to English what.

ka

Southern Hordaland, bracket form between 1938 and 1959

kå

Hallingmål, Sognamål, Setesdal dialect, Gudbrandsdal, Meldal

Kva er det?

Kva is vil du ha?


nokon

nokon (feminine noka, neuter noko, plural nokre or nokon)

noka (feminine)
noko (neuter)
nokre (plural)
nokon (plural)

From Old Norse nǫkkurr, from Proto-Norse ne-wait-ek-hwarjaʀ (literally, "not-know-I-who"). Cognate with Swedish någon, Danish nogen, Faroese nakar, Icelandic nokkur, Norwegian Bokmål noen.

Nokon var her.


noko

nåkå

all dialectal and/or currently non-standard


kvart

From Old Norse hvart, from hvar (“where”) (whence kvar) + at (“to”) (whence åt). Cognate with Icelandic hvert and Swedish vart.

kvart skal eg gå?


sjæl

(dialectal, Mid Eastern Norway) alternative form of sjølv (“self”)


kå

(dialectal, Trøndelag dialect, Gudbrandsdal, Setesdal dialect, Hallingmål, Sognamål) alternative form of kva (“what”)


sjølv

From Old Norse sjalfr, sjálfr, from Proto-Germanic *selbaz, from Proto-Indo-European *selbʰ- (“one's own”), from *s(w)e- (“separate, apart”). Akin to English self.

der

Sjølv veit eg ingenting.

myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves


hokken

From Old Norse hvatki, hvertki.
Attested in several texts before 1800.

WT:Norwegian Nynorsk spelling reforms#2012

form removed with the spelling reform of 2012; not superseded


noa

(non-standard since 1959)feminine singular of noen


inkje

From Middle Norwegian einki, from eikki with -n- from eingin (< Old Norse enginn, engi). Ultimately from Old Norse ekki.


dykk

From Old Norse ykkr, þykkr (“you two”), accusative form of Old Norse it, þit.

Be, så skal de få. Leit, så skal de finna. Bank på, så skal det latast opp for dykk.

(Can we date this quote?), The Bible, Matthew 7:7:

Pray, and you shall receive. Search, and you shall find. Knock, and the door shall be opened to you.


kvat

(obsolete) what (interrogative pronoun); succeeded by kva


nokot

(dated) neuter of nokon; succeeded by noko


deim

(dated, høgnorsk, nonstandard since 1938) objective case of dei


adle

From of alle with pre-occlusion; compare adde. From Old Norse allir m or late Old Norse alli n.

Ere de no adle mætte?

1647, “LAnte oster Kraakelund”, in Den fyrste morgonblånen, Oslo: Novus, published 1990, page 42:


mykje

From Old Norse mikill, from Proto-Germanic *mikilaz. Akin to English much.

Mykje hadde gått gale.


nåkka

(dialectal) Alternative spelling of nokka


dokker

head

dokker (objective dokker, possessive dokkar or (dialectal) dokkers)

dokker (objective)
dokkar (possessive)
dokkers (dialectal possessive)

From Old Norse ykkr (“you two”), accusative form of Old Norse it, þit.

you (plural), used both as a subjective and objective case


ymist

Men mann imillom høyrdest fulla ymist.

1890, Oddmund Vik, Ole Bull, Bergen: Litleré, page 271:

But in private, various things were definitely heard.

various, different, uncertain and/or unspecified things; some good, some bad


ør

(obsolete, dialectal, Lofoten, Helgeland) objective case of i


døkk

From Old Norse ykkr, þykkr, accusative and dative case of it, þit.


okka

Either form Old Norse okkar, genitive of the first-person dual personal pronoun vit, or from Old Norse okkarr, possessive determiner of the same. Some of the other dialectal variants owe their -n to the Old Norse accusative masculine singular form okkarn. Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *unkeraz.

okka e best


kva for ein

kva for ein (feminine kva for ei, neuter kva for eit, plural kva for nokre)

kva for ei (feminine)
kva for eit (neuter)
kva for nokre (plural)

which?; interrogative pronoun used to identify one amongst several alternatives


mið

From Middle Norwegian mið, from Old Norse vit, influenced by the final -m of first person plural verbs. Compare Jamtish mæð.

(dialectal, Southern Møre dialect) alternative form of me (“we”)


dæ

From Old Norse þat, from Proto-Germanic *þat.

(nonstandard, dialectal, Trøndelag dialect, Eastern Norway) alternative form of det (“it”)


dæ

(nonstandard, dialectal, Trøndelag dialect, Northern Norway) alternative form of deg


kreti og pleti

Ultimately from Biblical Hebrew כרתי ופלתי.

(idiomatic, mildly derogatory) all sorts of people


osser

For eg tror ikkje de e verre mennesker enn osser andre.

1988, Per Inge Torkelsen, Der e någe med alt, [Tananger]: Rocon, page 14:

Because I don't think they are worse people than the rest of us.

Dokker vett me hadde osser eit lide raddel[.]

1944, Johan K. Enoksen, Ka sei' ikje fru Grødaland, Stavanger, page 59:

You know we had us a little conversation.

(dialect, Stavanger) alternative form of oss


eitkvart

eitkvart (masculine einkvan, feminine eikor)

one (any entity or thing (of neuter grammatical gender))


eikor

eikor f (masculine einkvan, neuter eitkvart)

(feminine grammatical gender) one (any entity or thing)


einkvan

einkvan m (feminine eikor, neuter eitkvart)

From Old Norse einnhverr. Cognates include Swedish envar and Faroese onkur.


annankvar

annankvar m (feminine annakvar, neuter annakvart)


kvarannan

kvarannan m (feminine kvaranna, neuter kvartanna)


sjølv'u

sjølv'u m (feminine sjøl, neuter sjølt, plural masculine and neuter sjølvé or sjølé, plural feminine sjølva or sjøla)

sjøl (feminine)
sjølt (neuter)
sjølvé (masculine neuter plural)
sjølé (masculine neuter plural)
sjølva (feminine plural)
sjøla (feminine plural)

(dialectal, Hardingmål, Vossamål) alternative form of sjølv (“self”)


sjav'e

sjav'e m (feminine sjóv or (Setesdal) sjåv, neuter sjavt, plural sjave)

sjóv (feminine)
sjåv (Setesdal feminine)
sjavt (neuter)
sjave (plural)

Sjóv veit eg inkji.

(dialectal, Setesdal dialect, Telemark dialect) alternative form of sjølv


dåkk

(dialectal, eye dialect, Trøndelag dialect, Northern Norway) pronunciation spelling of dokk


dåkker

(also eye dialect) pronunciation spelling of dokker (“you (plural”)


någå

(dialectal) alternative form of noko (“something”)


ikkje noko

Dæ æ kje någå mot denne som e har.

1989, Audun Høgbrenna, quoting Torbjørn Lornstad, “Forsett til bikkje”, in Ordhittug døl, Lesja: A. Kjelland, page 88:


okke

From Old Norse okkr, accusative and dative of the first-person dual pronoun vit.

Så me fær samla okke noke te i morgo.

1947, Engvald Bakkan, Krossen er din, Oslo: Gyldendal, page 122:

So we'll have to gather us something for tomorrow.


emste

Emste er inkje Lastan

1915, Sigurd Kolsrud, Gamalt austlandsmaal, Litlehamar: Gubbr.dølens prenteverk, page 9:

What can be both bad or good is not to blame


det og det

det og det hadde ho sagt

1886, Arne Garborg, Mannfolk, Bergen: Nygaard, page 176:

various determined but not specified things; this and that, such-and-such


den og den

den og den må låne pengar av den og den

1989, Edvard Hoem, Til ungdomen: Nordahl Griegs liv, Oslo: Gyldendal, page 317:

so-and-so has to borrow money from so-and-so

various determined but not specified people; a placeholder or generic person; a so-and-so


sjålv

(dialectal, West Agder, Dypvåg, Ål, Inner Sogn, Jølster) alternative form of sjølv

West Agder; Inner Sogn; West Agder; Inner Sogn


sjelv

(dialectal, Mid Eastern Norway, Agder dialect, Stavanger, nonstandard) alternative form of sjølv

Mid Eastern Norway; Agder dialect; Mid Eastern Norway; Agder dialect


dikkon

Tukk på dikkon!,- Plaga ho mormor å segje til tussom kvar gong ho slengde restane tur ølkanna.

Move on you!,- The grandmother used to say to the Subterraneans every time she threw the rests from the beer can.


høtt

(dialectal, Telemark dialect, Haugesund) alternative form of kva (“what”)


nåkån

De tian: Du ska int tænk aa ta ifraa Naakaan enten Kjæringa hans, Dræin-en hans, held Tausa hans, int Oxin hæld Hæsten aa int naakaa taa alt det, som højre aam te.

The tenth (commandment): You shall not think to take from anybody neither his wife, or his servant, or his servant girl, not his ox or horse, or anything that belongs to him)

(dialectal, Trøndelag dialect) alternative form of nokon (“someone, somebody, anybody”)


nåkå

The tenth (commandment): You shall not think to take from anybody neither his wife, or his servant, or his servant girl, not his ox or horse, or anything that belongs to him.

(dialectal, Trøndelag dialect) alternative form of noko (“something, anything”)


hainnj

(dialectal, Trøndelag dialect) eye dialect spelling of han (“he”).


myttjy

(dialectal, Trøndelag dialect) alternative form of mykje (“a lot”)


ittno

Når e åpna huset, då va det ittno folk dær firri du kom no

When I opened the house, then it was no people there before you came now

(dialectal, Trøndelag dialect) Alternative form of ikkje noko (“nothing, no”)


ailltj

(dialectal, Trøndelag dialect) eye dialect spelling of alt.