EU

EU; initialism of Den europeiske unionen


Mexico

A neighborhood of Trøndelag, south of Løvby in southern outskirts of Løkken Verk


Japan

From German Japan, from Dutch Japan, from Malay Jepang, from Hokkien 日本 (Ji̍t-pún), from Middle Chinese 日本 (ȵiɪt̚ puən^X, literally “sun origin”).


Finland

Finland (A Nordic country having borders with Sweden, Norway and Russia in Europe)


Bahrain

Bahrain (an archipelago, island, and country in Western Asia, in the Persian Gulf)


Bahamas

Bahamas (an archipelago and country in the Caribbean)


Bhutan

Bhutan (a country in South Asia, in the Himalayas)


Afghanistan

Afghanistan (A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)


Bulgaria

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Bulgaria (a country in Southeast Europe)


Nicaragua

Nicaragua (a country in Central America)


Brasil

Brazil (A large Portuguese-speaking country in South America)


Djibouti

Djibouti (a country in East Africa)
Djibouti (the capital city of Djibouti)


Nigeria

Nigeria (a country in West Africa, south of the country of Niger)


Indonesia

Indonesia (a country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia)


Kiribati

Kiribati (A country consisting mostly of the Gilbert Islands archipelago, located in Micronesia in Oceania)


Swaziland

(historical) Swaziland (The former name of Eswatini, a country in Southern Africa)


Qatar

Qatar (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Singapore

Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony)


Oman

Oman (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Mauritius

Mauritius (A country in the Indian Ocean, east of East Africa and Madagascar)

Mauritius (The main island of the country of Mauritius)


Kuwait

Kuwait (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Andorra

Andorra (a microstate in Southern Europe, between Spain and France)


Guatemala

Guatemala (a country in Central America)


Slovenia

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Slovenia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe)


Nepal

Nepal (a country in South Asia, located between China and India)


Jamaica

Jamaica (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Zimbabwe

From Shona dzimba-dze-mabwe (“house of stones”), in reference to Great Zimbabwe.


Nauru

Nauru (a country and island in Oceania, in the Pacific Ocean)


Egypt

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


Luxembourg

Luxembourg (a small country in Western Europe)

Luxembourg (a province of Wallonia, Belgium)

Luxembourg, Luxembourg City (the capital city of Luxembourg)

Luxembourg (One of the twelve cantons of the country of Luxembourg, which includes its capital city)


Niger

Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)


El Salvador

El Salvador (a country in Central America)


Uganda

From Swahili Uganda (“Buganda, subnational kingdom”), from Luganda Buganda (“land of the Ganda”).


Cuba

Cuba (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Senegal

Senegal (a river on the border between Senegal and Mauritania in West Africa)


Tonga

Tonga (a country and archipelago in Polynesia in Oceania)


Sudan

Sudan (a country in North Africa and East Africa)


Israel

Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean)


Iran

Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


Tuvalu

Tuvalu (a country and archipelago in Polynesia in Oceania)


Syria

Syria (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


Aruba

Aruba (an island, dependent territory, and constituent country of the Netherlands, in the Caribbean Sea)


Vanuatu

Vanuatu (a country and archipelago in Melanesia in Oceania)


Jan Mayen

Named after Dutch explorer Jan Jacobszoon May van Schellinkhout.

named-after

Jan Mayen (an island in Norway in the Norwegian Sea)


Armenia

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan (a country in Central Asia)


Liechtenstein

Liechtenstein (a microstate in Central Europe)


New Zealand

New Zealand (a country and archipelago in Oceania, to the east of Australia)


San Marino

San Marino (a landlocked microstate in Southern Europe, located within the borders of Italy)

San Marino (the capital city of San Marino)


Svalbard

Borrowed from Old Norse Svalbarð n or Svalbarðr m, from svalr (“cool”) + barð (“edge, brim”), thus roughly meaning “cold shore”. See the English entry for more information.

Svalbard (an archipelago in the far north of Norway)


Niue

Niue (an island and country in Polynesia in Oceania, a self-governing state in free association with New Zealand)


Somalia

Somalia (a country in East Africa, in the Horn of Africa)


Guinea-Bissau

Guinea-Bissau (a country in West Africa)


Sierra Leone

Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone#English:_Q1044


Dominica

Dominica (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Palau

Ultimately from Palauan Belau (“Palau”).

Palau (A country consisting of around 340 islands in Micronesia, in Oceania)


Saint Lucia

Saint Lucia (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Burma

From Burmese ဗမာ (ba.ma), colloquial form of မြန်မာ (mranma).


Burkina Faso

From Moore burkĩna (“honest”) + Dyula faso (“father's house”), coined by Thomas Sankara.

Burkina Faso (a country in West Africa, formerly Upper Volta)


Fiji

Borrowed from Fijian Viti, from Proto-Central Pacific *viti "east, sunrise".

Fiji (a country and archipelago of over 300 islands in Melanesia in Oceania)


Benin

Benin (a country in West Africa, formerly Dahomey)


Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka (an island and country in South Asia, off the coast of India)


Puerto Rico

Puerto Rico (a commonwealth, island and dependent territory of the United States in the Caribbean)


Portugal

Borrowed from Portuguese Portugal, from Latin Portus Cale, former name of what is now the city of Vila Nova de Gaia.

Portugal (a country in Southern Europe, on the Iberian Peninsula)


Grenada

Grenada (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Barbados

Barbados (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Malta

Malta (an island country in Southern Europe)

Malta (The largest island in the Maltese Archipelago)


Wales

Wales (a country within the United Kingdom)


Eritrea

Eritrea (a country in East Africa, on the Red Sea)


Costa Rica

Costa Rica (a country in Central America)


Myanmar

(official, rare) Myanmar (a country in Southeast Asia)


Samoa

Samoa (A country consisting of the western part of the Samoan archipelago in Polynesia, in Oceania)


Jordan

From Hebrew יַרְדֵּן (yardén), and Arabic الأردن (“al-'urdunn”).

Jordan (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)

Jordan (a river in Western Asia, in the Middle East, that empties into the Dead Sea, flowing through Israel, the Golan Heights, the West Bank and Jordan)


Australia

Australia (A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as a former colony in the British Empire)

(geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands)


Georgia

Georgia (A transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe)

Georgia (a state in the Southern United States)


Montreal

alternative form of Montréal, the largest city in Quebec, Canada


Korea

Korea (region and former country in East Asia, now divided into North Korea and South Korea)


NT

Det nye testamentet
Det nye testamentet#Norwegian_Nynorsk


GT

Det gamle testamentet
Det gamle testamentet#Norwegian_Nynorsk


Ottawa

Ottawa (a city in Ontario, Canada; capital city of Canada)


Skagerrak

a broad strait that separates Norway from Denmark, and which links the North Sea (Nordsjøen) to the Kattegat


Hellas

Borrowed as part of a language planning policy, in 1932, from Greek Ελλάς (Ellás), the Katharevousa form in use as Greek endonym at the time. This new form was intended to replace the conflicting forms in both Bokmål (Grekenland and Grekerland) and Nynorsk (Grekarland and Grekland) as part of the government's Samnorsk policy during the 1930s, which aimed to bring Bokmål and Nynorsk closer to each other, with the end goal of eventually merging them. Since the Bokmål form Grekenland was a Low German borrowing inherited via Danish Grækenland, it was excluded from Nynorsk in favour of Norwegian forms. Meanwhile, the Nynorsk form Grekarland was incompatible with Bokmål, while Grekerland was incompatible with Nynorsk (since "a Greek" is "ein grekar" in Nynorsk and "en greker" in Bokmål). Although the Samnorsk policy was abandoned by later governments, and the Katharevousa form Ελλάς (Ellás) was superseded as Greek endonym by Standard Modern Greek Ελλάδα (Elláda), the Samnorsk form Hellas remains the most widely used form in both Bokmål and Nynorsk, while the old nonstandard forms are used archaizingly in some contexts.


London

London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England)


Paris

Paris (the capital and largest city of France)


Toscana

administrative region
administrative region

Tuscany (an administrative region of Italy, located north of Lazio and south of Emilia-Romagna)


Guernsey

Guernsey (an island in the Channel Islands)


Melanesia

From Ancient Greek, see English Melanesia.


Edinburgh

Edinburgh (the capital city of Scotland)

Edinburgh, Edinburgh (a council area of Scotland)


Sardinia

Sardinia (an island and autonomous region of Italy, in the Mediterranean Sea)


Oslo

Barcode Project
Christian IV
Old Town, Oslo#Mediaeval Oslo
Oslo Opera House
Tom Segalstad
nn:Oslo

From Old Norse Ósló, Ásló f or n. The first element is disputed, but is likely from ǫ́ss, áss (“god; one of the Æsir”), from Proto-Germanic *ansuz. The name Ósló then comes from older *Ǫ́sló where the ǫ́ is nasalised (whence the -n- in Dutch Ansloo and Latin Ansloa), from Proto-Norse *ᚨᚾᛊᚢᛚᚨᚢᚺᚢ (*ansulauhu), from Proto-Germanic *ansuz (“god, deity”) + *lauhō f, *lauhaz m (“clearing, meadow”). According to Sandnes and Stemshaug, the name has likely been around since before the first century.
Another theory is that the first part comes from áss (“hill, beam”), from Proto-Germanic *ansaz, but this is unlikely, as there would be no explanation for ó- found in Ósló. The geologist Tom V. Segalstad has claimed that it comes from Old Norse ufs (“steep mountainside”), based on the Danicised spelling Opsloe. However, this form was never used in Norwegian, and various borrowings have -n- to signify a nasal vowel, which ufs would not have.
Cognates include Faroese and Icelandic Ósló, Dutch Ansloo and (also Low German) Anslo, and Latin Ansloa, Asloa, Osloa (Latinisations).
Between 1624 and 1925, Oslo referred to the old town of Oslo, a mediaeval town that burnt down in 1624. When the city was rebuilt, king Christian IV of Denmark named the new city Christiania (later spelling: Kristiania) after himself. During the 1800s, various authors would begin taking the old name back and the city officially changed its name to Oslo in 1925. The location of the old town got the name Gamlebyen (literally “Old Town”), now a neighbourhood in the modern city.

Han berre klagar paa det, at Namnet sidan vardt burtskutlat, med di at Kong Kristian IV i Aaret 1624 «hadde det uheppne Innfallet at umbyta det eldgamle ærverdige Namnet Oslo med det nye, sjølvuppfundne og halvbarbariske Namn Christiania». […] Og detta er vel ogso den rettaste Synsmaaten.

1912, Ivar Aasen, “Um Namnet Oslo”, in Skrifter i samling, page 204:

His [P. A. Munch’s] only complaint was that the name was later thrown away, as king Christian IV in the year 1624 “had the unfortunate idea of switching out the old honourable name Oslo with the new, self-invented and half-barbaric name Christiania”. […] And this is probably also the most correct way to look at it.

Folk kjøper seg hytta på Geilo og Gol. Dei vil stå litt på slalåm og slikka litt sol. Eg kjenne det krible, eg har eit begjær: Eg vil ha hytta i Oslo; det er der eg vil vær.

People buy cabins in Geilo and Gol. They want to stand on slalom and lick some sun. I feel it tingle, I have a lust: I want a cabin in Oslo; there is where I want to be.

Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)

Kong Harald lét byggja ein kaupstad aust i Oslo, og sat der tidt; for de var godt for tilførst der, og de var rike bygdir umkring.

1900, Snorri Sturluson, translated by Steinar Schjøtt, Kongesogur [Kings’ sagas]:

King Harald had built a merchant town in the East at Oslo, where he often resided; for there was good supply from the extensive cultivated district wide around.

(historical) a mediaeval town to the east of Bjørvika, now inside the modern city of Oslo, Norway

bisp i Oslo

ellipsis of Oslo bispedøme (“Diocese of Oslo”).


Berlin

Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)

Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)


Holland

(archaic) Holland, the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe)

Holland (a traditional region in the Netherlands formed by two modern provinces, North Holland and South Holland)


Reykjavik

[²rœʏː.çɐ̞.ʋiˑk]

Unadapted borrowing from Icelandic Reykjavík.


Longyearbyen

Norwegianisation of English Longyear City, named after American businessman John Munro Longyear.

named-after

The administrative centre of Svalbard, Norway


Sofia

From Bulgarian София (Sofija), renamed after the Church of St. Sofia in 1376.


Sofia

a female given name, variant of Sofie, equivalent to English Sophia


Bretagne

Brittany (an administrative region, historical province, and peninsula in northwest France)


Belgia

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


Rauma

[¹rœʊ̯ː.mɐ̞]

From the definite form of Old Norse Raum f, of uncertain origin. Also suggested to come from Raumá, from *raumr (“roaring waterfall”) + á (“river”), although not suggested by the modern pronunciation.

compound

A river and municipality of Romsdal district, Møre og Romsdal, Norway


Thor

a male given name, a less common spelling of Tor


Genova

Genoa (the capital city of Liguria, Italy)

Genoa (a metropolitan city of Liguria, Italy)


Sicilia

Sicily (The largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, an autonomous region of Italy, close to Africa and separated from Tunisia and Libya by the Strait of Sicily)


Dana

From Old Norse Dana, from *dana (“female Dane”), thus a feminine form of Danr, from danr (“Dane”).

a female given name from Old Norse, meaning “Dane”, masculine equivalent Dan


Milano

Milan (the capital city of Lombardy, Italy)

Milan (a metropolitan city of Lombardy, Italy)


Europa

From Latin Europa, from Ancient Greek Εὐρώπη (Eurṓpē).

Ho kan alle hovudstadene i Europa.

She can name all the capitals in Europe.


Russland

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Odin

From Old Norse Óðinn, from Proto-Germanic *Wōdanaz. Related to od (“mad, wild, frenzied”). Cognate with Icelandic Óðinn, Faroese Óðin, Danish and Swedish Oden, English Woden, German Wotan, and Dutch Woen.

Odin var ein stor her-mann og var mykje vidfarin, og lagde mange rike under seg.

1900, Snorri Sturluson, translated by Steinar Schjøtt, Kongesogur, page 7:

Odin was a great military man, well-traveled, and conquered many kingdoms.

(Midlandsnormalen, Norse mythology and paganism) alternative form of Oden (“Odin”), a major Germanic god.


Sverige

Sweden (a country in Northern Europe; capital and largest city: Stockholm)


SN

UN; initialism of Dei sameinte nasjonane

Standard Norge
Standard Norge#Norwegian_Nynorsk

Initialism of Standard Norge (“Standards Norway”).


Arvid

Old Norse Arviðr, a variant of Arnviðr, whence also Arnvid.


Gibraltar

Gibraltar (a peninsula, city, and overseas territory of the United Kingdom, at the southern end of Iberia)


Irak

Iraq (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Eid

From eid, from Old Norse eið (“isthmus”).

Sogn og Fjordane
Sogn og Fjordane#English

A parish and former municipality of Stad, Nordfjord district, Sogn og Fjordane, Norway

A parish and former municipality of Kvinnherad, Sunnhordland district, Hordaland, Norway

A parish and former municipality of Rauma, Møre og Romsdal, Norway


Tyskland

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Antarktis

the Antarctic; the south polar region, which includes the continent of Antarctica


Viking

From Old Norse Víkingr, from víkingr (“Viking”).

a male given name from Old Norse, meaning “Viking”


Samuel

a male given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English Samuel


Vinland

Learned borrowing from Old Norse, coined by Leif Erikson around 1000 AD. The first part is often believed to be vin (“meadow”), yielding Vinland, but this word had gone obsolete at the time of the coining. Another interpretation is Vínland, from vín (“wine”) + land.

Leiv Eiriksson fann eit nytt Land, som han kallade Vinland, det var lenger sud i Amerika. Soleides er Amerika fyrst funnet av vaare Forfeder. Men Nordmennerne heldo inkje lenge Bu der; men der ligg daa ein stor Stein med Runar og andre Merke etter deim.

1862, Eirik M. Torvaldsson Sommer, Noregs Saga i Stuttmaal, elder Fortelning um dei største Tilburdarne med Nordmennerne og deira Tilstand i Noreg gjenom Forntidi til vaare Dagar, page 63:

Leif Erikson found a new land, which he called Winland, it was further south in America. Thus America was first found by our forefathers. But the Norsemen wouldn’t live there for long; but there is a large stone with runes and other marks after them.

(historical) Vinland, Winland, likely the area of modern day Newfoundland

skrælingar

the native population of America and Greenland


Eivind

From Old Norse Eivindr, a variant of Eyvindr, from Proto-Norse *ᚨᚢᛃᚨᚹᛁᚾᛞᚢᛉ (*aujawinduʀ), from Proto-Germanic *awją (“luck, fortune”) + *winduz (“winner”), or a younger compound of ey (either in the sense of “luck” or “island”) and -vindr (“winner”). According to Vågslid, the form with Ei- is the oldest, from ei (“always; eternal”) + vindr (“breath”, literally “wind”), which he interprets as “someone should always have breath”, i.e. live for a long time or always be brave. Doublet of Øyvind. Cognate with Faroese Eivindur and Swedish and Danish Ejvind.

com

Han Heiddølen Flørann og Hallingen Flø,
og so Eivind av Eikja, den Kjempa fraa Bø,
og Vossingen Sigurd og Valdresen Svein,
deim tok han paa Marknaden Ein etter Ein.

1868, Aasmund O. Vinje, Storegut, page 58:

The Heiddøl Flørann and the Halling Flø,
and then Eivind of Eikja, the big man from Bø,
and the Vossing Sigurd and the Valdres Svein,
them he took on the market, one after one.


Margaret

a female given name borrowed from English, most used in the mid-twentieth century


Rolf

Learned borrowing from Old Norse Hrólfr where has been misinterpreted as /f/. See Rolv.


Mosambik

Mozambique (a country in East Africa and Southern Africa)


Köln

From German Köln, from Latin colōnia (“colony”), in the city's original name, Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium.

North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia#English

Cologne (the largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia, in northwestern Germany)


Venezia

Venice (the capital city of Veneto, Italy)

Venice (a metropolitan city of Veneto, Italy)


Ape

Originally a byname; from an agent noun to Old Norse apa (“to mimic”). Related to ape (“ape”).

a male given name, feminine equivalent Apa


Alta

A town with bystatus and municipality of Finnmark, Norway


Serbia

Serbia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Alf

Learned borrowing from Old Norse Alfr where has been misinterpreted as /f/. Compare the inherited Alv and alv. Also a contraction of Adolf.

a male given name from Old Norse, variant of Alv


Ask

Compare ask (“ash tree”); from Old Norse Askr, from askr (“ash tree”). The given name may also be a short form of Áskell, whence also Åskjell and Askjell. Cognate with Faroese and Icelandic Askur.

(Norse mythology) The first male human, according to the Poetic Edda

a male given name from Old Norse, meaning “ash tree”


Borg

(historical) a mediaeval town in Østfold; modern Sarpsborg


Abraham

Ultimately from Hebrew אַבְרָהָם ('aḇrāhām).


Frei

An island and former municipality of Møre og Romsdal, Norway, which was merged with Kristiansund municipality on 1 January 2008.


Dag

From Old Norse Dagr, from dagr (“day”), whence also dag. Cognate with Faroese and Icelandic Dagur, and Swedish and Danish Dag.

a male given name from Old Norse, meaning “day”

(Norse mythology) Dagr, the personification of the day


Guru

From Old Norse Guðrún where the -n is lost following nationalisation of the preceding vowel (cf. augun > augo).


Ada

Short for Germanic names beginning with Adel-, and also of Biblical Hebrew origin. Used as a given name in Norway since the 1850s.

a female given name, equivalent to English Ada


Bergen

From Old Norse Bjǫrgvin (“meadow between the mountains”), influenced by German due to the Hanseatic League and eventually replaced the native Bjørgvin. From bjarg (“rock, boulder, cliff”) + vin (“meadow, pasture”).

der

Bergen (a port city and municipality of Hordaland, Norway)

A former county of Western Norway, now a part of Hordaland


Jon

Medieval contraction of Johannes. First recorded in Norway in the 11th century.
Doublet of Jan, Joan, Johan, Jehans, Johanes, Joannes, Johannes, Jens, and Hans

doublet

a male given name, feminine equivalent Jona, equivalent to English John


Magne

From Old Norse Magni, from magn (“power”). First recorded in Norway ca. 1100.

(Norse mythology) Magni (the son of Thor and Jarnsaxa)


Island

From Old Norse Ísland, from íss (“ice”) + land (“land”). Akin to English Iceland.

North Atlantic Ocean
North Atlantic Ocean#English

Iceland (an island and country in Europe, North Atlantic Ocean; capital: Reykjavík)


Jo

Short form of names with the element jo (such as Jostein and Jorid), from jór (“horse”).


Amerika

America (the continents of North America and South America)

United States of America
United States of America#English

United States of America (a country in North America)


Moss

A town with bystatus and municipality of Østfold, Norway


Dan

As a biblical character from Hebrew דָּן (Dan). The given name comes from Old Norse Danr, from danr (“Dane”), but also from the biblical name.

a male given name from Old Norse, equivalent to English Dane

a male given name from Hebrew, equivalent to English Dan


Finn

From Old Norse Finnr, from finnr (“Sami”), whence also finn. Also a short form of compound names with the element. Cognate with Faroese and Icelandic Finnur, Swedish Finn, and Danish Find.

a male given name from Old Norse, feminine equivalent Finna


Montenegro

Montenegro (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Os

nn:Os kommune i Hedmark
nn:Os kommune i Hordaland

A municipality of Hedmark, Norway, bordering onto Trøndelag. Now part of Innlandet fylke (Hedmark fylke exists no more). Geographically is located in Austerdalen valley. Back in the days (before 1926) this municipality was part of Tolga and included Galåa village (now part of Røros municipality). Between 1966 and 1976 the municipality was merged with Tolga into Tolga-Os kommune.

A municipality of Hordaland, Norway, not far from Bergen city. Now merged with Fusa, becoming Bjørnafjorden municipality.


Per

From Middle Norwegian Péðr, from Old Norse Pétr, from Latin Petrus (“Peter”).


Lier

From Old Norse Líðir, plural of (h)líð f (“slope”).

Lier (a municipality of Buskerud county, Norway)


Moskva

Moscow (a federal city, the capital of Russia)

Moscow (an oblast of Russia, surrounding the city of Moscow)


Flora

A former municipality of Sogn og Fjordane, Norway, with its administrative centre in Florø. Merged with Vågsøy on 1 January 2020 under the name of Kinn.


Rune

From Old Norse Rúni, from rúni (“good friend”). Also a short form of compound names with the element run (such as Runolv).

a male given name from Old Norse, feminine equivalent Runa


Ski

A town with bystatus and municipality of Akershus, Norway


Sande

nn:Sande kommune i Møre og Romsdal
nn:Sande kommune i Vestfold

An island municipality of Møre og Romsdal, Norway


Regen

From Old Norse Reginn, likely related to regin (“the gods, the powers”).


Man

Man, Isle of Man (an island and Crown dependency of the United Kingdom in the Irish Sea)


Tore

From Old Norse Þórir, from older *Þórvér, from Proto-Germanic *Þunrawīhaz. Also a short form of names with the element Þórr. Cognate with Faroese Tóri and Icelandic Þórir.

a male given name from Old Norse, feminine equivalent Tora


Ty

From Old Norse Týr, from Proto-Germanic *Tīwaz. Cognate with Faroese Týrur, English Tew, Tiw, and Gothic *𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍅𐍃 (*teiws).


Tau

Uncertain, but etymologists have pointed to a couple of explanations. One proposes a derivation of Old Norse taufr (“sorcery, charms”), in reference to the practice of primitive magic in the area, reckoning Taufr to be a name of the creek running through. Another proposes a relationship with Old Norse taug (“string, rope”) and teygja (“to stretch out”), in reference to the nature of waterflow of said creek.
It was attested through the late medieval and early modern periods as a Taufer (1389), Taugir (1427), and af Thawgh (1463), Thow (1563), Touu (1567), Thouff (1602), Though (1606), Thoug (1610), Thov (1661), and Toug (1723). Another spelling, Tou, is still preserved in the name of a local brewery.

Tau (a village outside Stavanger, located in the municipality of Strand, Rogaland)

Fagbokforlaget
en:Tau, Norway
nn:Tau i Ryfylke


Tora

From Old Norse Þóra, a female form of Þórr, or a short form of compound names with the element. Cognate with Faroese Tóra and Icelandic Þóra.

a female given name from Old Norse, masculine equivalent Tore


Tor

From Old Norse Þórr. The given name is also a spelling variant of Tord, from Þórðr. Cognate with Faroese Tórur, Icelandic Þór, and Danish and Swedish Tor.

(Norse mythology and paganism) Thor, a hammer-wielding god associated with thunder, lightning, storms, sacred groves and trees, strength, and the protection of mankind.


Stein

From Old Norse Steinn, from steinn (“stone”), whence also stein. Also a short form of compound names with the element. Cognate with Faroese Steinur, Icelandic Steinn, Swedish Sten, and Danish Steen, as well as English Stone.

a male given name from Old Norse, meaning “stone”


Balkan

the Balkans (a geographical region in Southeast Europe)


Tanger

Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima
Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima#English

Tangier (a port city, the capital of the region of Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, Morocco, on the Strait of Gibraltar)


Arabia

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates

Arabia (A peninsula of Western Asia between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf; includes Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, and the United Arab Emirates)

(broader sense) Arabia (The region within or adjacent to the Arabian Plate; Yemen, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, the Egyptian Sinai, Palestine and the United Arab Emirates)


Ap

(politics) Initialism of Arbeidarpartiet.


Edith

a female given name of popular usage, variant of Edit


Aristoteles

Via Latin Aristotelēs from Ancient Greek Ἀριστοτέλης (Aristotélēs).


Bagdad

From Arabic بَغْدَاد (baḡdād), from Persian بغداد (bağdâd).

Baghdad (the capital city of Iraq)
Baghdad (a governorate of Iraq)


Corsica

Corsica (an island, department, and administrative region of France, in the Mediterranean to the north of Sardinia); (pre-2005) alternative form of Korsika


Hof

A former municipality of Vestfold, Norway, which was merged into Holmestrand municipality on 1 January 2018.


Ukraina

Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)


Urd

From Old Norse Urðr, from Proto-Germanic *wurdiz (“fate, destiny”), Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn, wind”).

der

Urd, one of the three Norns; the Norn of those who were.


Urd

A peak of the Misery Mountain, Bear Island, in the Svalbard archipelago, Norway


Warszawa

Unadapted borrowing from Polish Warszawa, from Old Polish. See there for more.


Jemen

Yemen (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Kairo

der

اَلْقَاهِرَة


Grønland

From Old Norse Grǿnland (“Greenland”), from grǿnn (“green”) + land (“land”). Akin to English Greenland.

Greenland (a large self-governing island and dependent territory of Denmark, in North America)


Skiptvet

It is believed that the first part of the name (Ski-) comes from skagi, Old Norse meaning "raised object", while the last part comes from the word þveit, a common Viking age farm name.


Edgar

Borrowed from English Edgar, from Old English Ēadgār. Doublet of Audgeir.


Norden

Nordic countries
Nordic countries#English

Nordic countries (a group of countries in Northern Europe, consisting of Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark and Iceland along with their dependencies)


Erik

Monophthongised version of Eirik, from Old Norse Eiríkr.


Ekvatorial-Guinea

Equatorial Guinea
Equatorial Guinea#English:_Q983

Equatorial Guinea (a country in Central Africa)


São Tomé og Príncipe

São Tomé and Príncipe
São Tomé and Príncipe#English:_Q1039

São Tomé and Príncipe (a country and archipelago in Central Africa, in the Atlantic Ocean)


Kapp Verde

Cape Verde (an archipelago and country in West Africa)


Sør-Afrika

South Africa (a country in Southern Africa)


Vest-Sahara

Western Sahara
Western Sahara#English:_Q6250

Western Sahara (A territory and former Spanish colony in North Africa, now mostly occupied by Morocco, which claims ownership over the territory)


Republikken Kongo

Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo#English:_Q971

Republic of the Congo (a country in Central Africa)


Papua Ny-Guinea

Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea#English:_Q691


Mikronesiaføderasjonen

From Mikronesia + føderasjonen (definite singular of føderasjon).

qualifier

definite singular of <i class="Latn mention" lang="nn">føderasjon</i>

Federated States of Micronesia#English:_Q702

Federated States of Micronesia (The official name of Micronesia, a country consisting of about 600 islands in Oceania)


Den demokratiske republikken Kongo

Democratic Republic of the Congo#English:_Q974

Democratic Republic of the Congo (a country in Central Africa)


Ny-Zealand

New Zealand (a country and archipelago in Oceania, to the east of Australia)


Tyrkia

Turkey (a country located in eastern Thrace in southeastern Europe and Anatolia in southwestern Asia)


Sveits

Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


Serbia og Montenegro

Serbia and Montenegro
Serbia and Montenegro

Serbia and Montenegro (former union dissolved in 2006)


Tsjekkia

Czech Republic, Czechia (a country in Central Europe)


Bosnia-Hercegovina

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina#English:_Q225

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Bosnia and Herzegovina (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Republikken Makedonia

Republic of Macedonia
Republic of Macedonia


Saint Kitts og Nevis

Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Kitts and Nevis#English

Saint Kitts and Nevis (a country consisting of two islands in the Caribbean)


Antigua og Barbuda

Antigua and Barbuda
Antigua and Barbuda#English

Antigua and Barbuda (a country in the Caribbean)


Aserbajdsjan

Azerbaijan (a country in the South Caucasus, Asia and Europe)


Vatikanstaten

Vatican City (a city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy)


Republikken Kina

Republic of China; official name of Taiwan, rarely used


Kasakhstan

Kazakhstan (a country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe)


Trinidad og Tobago

Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago#English

Trinidad and Tobago (a country consisting of two main islands in the Caribbean)


Folkerepublikken Kina

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China#English

People's Republic of China (a country in Asia)


Kroatia

Croatia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Saudi-Arabia

Saudi Arabia (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Kirgisistan

Kyrgyzstan (a country in Central Asia, bordering on Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and China)


Kypros

Cyprus (an island and country in the Mediterranean Sea, normally considered politically part of Southeast Europe but geographically part of Western Asia)


Spania

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


perm

From the name of the Russian town of Perm.


Madagaskar

Madagascar (an island and country off the east coast of Africa)


Libanon

Lebanon (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Luxemburg

Luxembourg (a small country in Western Europe)

Luxembourg (a province of Wallonia, Belgium)

Luxembourg, Luxembourg City (the capital city of Luxembourg)

Luxembourg (One of the twelve cantons of the country of Luxembourg, which includes its capital city)


Volga

Volga (A river in Russia, the longest river in Europe, flowing 2,325 miles through western Russia to the Caspian Sea)


Borneo

Borneo (large island in South-East Asia)


Agdenes

A municipality of Trøndelag, Norway, formerly in Sør-Trøndelag (until 1 January 2018).


Askim

A town with bystatus and municipality of Østfold, Norway


Hvaler

From Old Norse Hvalir, plural of hvalr (“whale”).

An island municipality of Østfold, Norway


Fredrikstad

A municipality of Østfold, Norway, and the seventh-largest city in Norway.

Fredrikstad
nn:Fredrikstad
nn:Fredrikstad kommune


Spydeberg

Danicised form of Old Norse Spjótaberg, from spjót (“spear”) + berg (“cliff, rock”).

Spydeberg
nn:Spydeberg
nn:Spydeberg kommune


Sarpsborg

First part from Sarp, the name of a waterfall (now Sarpsfossen), from Old Norse Sarpr. Last part from Borg, the original name of the town.

A city and municipality of Østfold, Norway


Lørenskog

From Old Norse Leir(h)eimsskógr, from Leir(h)eimr + skógr, from leirr (“clayish soil”) + heimr (“home, -ham”).


Grimstad

A town with bystatus and municipality of Aust-Agder, Norway

Grimstad
nn:Grimstad
nn:Grimstad kommune


Frogn

From Old Norse Fraun with aun > ogn, from *Frauðn, from frauð (“manure”), referring to fertile soil.


Sørum

From Old Norse Suðrheimr, Suðreimr, from suðr (“south”) + heimr (“home, -ham”).

A former municipality of Akershus, Norway


Hurum

A municipality of Buskerud, Norway, which is to be merged with Asker and Røyken on 1 January 2020.


Tvedestrand

Danicised form; from the farm name Tveite + strand (“beach, shore”).

A town and municipality of Aust-Agder, Norway

Tvedestrand
nn:Tvedestrand
nn:Tvedestrand kommune


Kongsberg

A town with bystatus and municipality of Buskerud, Norway

Kongsberg
nn:Kongsberg
nn:Kongsberg kommune


Lillesand

From Danish Lillesand, from lille (“little”) + sand (“sand”), after the older name Sanden (literally “The Sand”). The first part was added when the nearby city Kristiansand was founded.

Lillesand
nn:Lillesand
nn:Lillesand kommune


Måsøy

A municipality of Finnmark, Norway, with its administrative centre in Havøysund.


Kvalsund

A municipality and village in Finnmark, Norway

Kvalsund
nn:Kvalsund i Kvalsund
nn:Kvalsund kommune


Røyken

From Old Norse Raukvin, from hraukr, raukr (“pile, stack; mountain”) + vin (“meadow; pasture”). The first part is from Proto-Germanic *hraukaz (“pile (of stones); heap”).

der

A municipality of Buskerud, Norway. To be merged into Asker municipality together with Hurum on 1 January 2020.


Ringerike

From Old Norse Hringrririki, from hringr m pl + riki.


Etne

From Old Norse Etnir, the name of the fjord, from the river name *Atn, *Etn, whence also Etna, from etja (“to incite”).

A village and municipality of Sunnhordland district, Hordaland, Norway


Fedje

A village and municipality of Nordhordland district, Hordaland, Norway


Kvam

From Old Norse Hvammr, from hvammr (“little vale”), whence also kvam.

A municipality of Hardanger district, Hordaland, Norway


Eidfjord

A village and municipality of Hardanger district, Hordaland, Norway

Eidfjord
nn:Eidfjord
nn:Eidfjord kommune


Tysnes

A municipality of Sunnhordland district, Hordaland, Norway


Sveio

From Old Norse *Sviða, from sviða f (“woodland cleared by burning”), whence also svida, sve.


Krødsherad

From Old Norse Krǿðisherað, from the lake name *Krǿðir (> Krøderen) and herað.

A municipality of Ringerike district, Buskerud, Norway


Åmot

A small village in Trøndelag, Norway, east of Løkken Verk

A village in Telemark, Norway, in Vinje municipality


Kongsvinger

A town with bystatus and municipality of Hedmark, Norway


Austrheim

/²œʊstrɛɪːm/

From Old Norse Austr(h)eimr, from austr (“east”) + heimr (“home, -ham”).

A municipality of Nordhordland district, Hordaland, Norway


Ulvik

From Old Norse Ulfvík, from ulfr (“wolf”) + vík (“bay”).


Øygarden

An island municipality of Hordaland, Norway


Averøy

An island municipality of Møre og Romsdal, Norway


Odda

A town in Hordaland, Norway. Has a city status. Was administrative center of a municipality with the same name before 2020. Now Odda is administrative center of the (new) Ullensvang herad.


Aure

A municipality of Møre og Romsdal, Norway


Ullensvang

A municipality of Hordaland, Norway, which was merged with Odda and Jondal on 1 January 2020. The herad of Kinsarvik was not part of Ullensvang between 1913 and 1964, thereafter a part of Kinsarvik was merged into Granvin.


Arendal

A town with bystatus and municipality of Aust-Agder, Norway


Rindal

Møre og Romsdal
Møre og Romsdal#Norwegian_Nynorsk

A municipality of Trøndelag, Norway. It was transferred from Møre og Romsdal on 1 January 2019.


Stord

An island, town with bystatus and municipality of Sunnhordland district district, Hordaland, Norway


Alvdal

Alvdal
nn:Alvdal kommune
nn:Alvdal sentrum

A small town within the municipality which is its administrative centre


Masfjorden

From Old Norse *Matrsfjǫrðr, from the older fjord name *Matr, whence also the farm name Matre.

A fjord and municipality of Hordaland, Norway


Flatanger

A municipality of Trøndelag, Norway, formerly in Nord-Trøndelag (until 1 January 2018).


Leksvik

Indre Fosen
Indre Fosen#Norwegian_Nynorsk

A former municipality in Nord-Trøndelag, Norway, merged with Rissa in Sør-Trøndelag to form Indre Fosen municipality in Trøndelag county on 1 Jan 2018; the two counties were merged on the same day.


Lierne

A municipality on the border with Sweden in Trøndelag county, Norway, formerly in Nord-Trøndelag (until 1 January 2018).


Mosvik

A former municipality in Nord-Trøndelag, Norway, which was merged with Inderøy municipality on 1 January 2012.


Røyrvik

A municipality bordering onto Sweden in Trøndelag county, Norway, formerly in Nord-Trøndelag (until 1 January 2018).


Andøy

A municipality in Vesterålen, Nordland, Norway


Fitjar

From fitjar, plural of fìt, fet, from Old Norse fit (“meadowland by water”).

A municipality of Sunnhordland district, Hordaland, Norway


Verran

A municipality of Trøndelag, Norway, formerly in Nord-Trøndelag (until 1 January 2018). A merger with Steinkjer municipality is planned for 2020.


Nærøy

A municipality of Trøndelag, Norway, formerly in Nord-Trøndelag (until 1 Jan 2018).


Vikna

An island municipality of Trøndelag, Norway, formerly in Nord-Trøndelag (until 1 January 2018).


Ballangen

A municipality of Ofoten district, Nordland, Norway


Inderøy

A municipality of Trøndelag, Norway, formerly in Nord-Trøndelag (until 1 January 2018). The former municipality of Mosvik was merged with it on 1 January 2012.


Eide

A municipality of Møre og Romsdal, Norway


Vanylven

From Old Norse *Vaniflir, originally a fjord name. First part from *vaðr, *vannr (“dark, colourless; pale”) and may refer to the occurrence of olivine in the area. Last part possibly from *viflir (“low, wet terrain”). Another, unlikely, suggestion is *heflir.

A municipality of Sunnmøre district, Møre og Romsdal, Norway


Vadsø

Danicised form; from the island name Vadsøya, from Vatsøy.

A town with bystatus and municipality of Finnmark, Norway


Jondal

A municipality of Hordaland, Norway, which was merged with Odda and Ullensvang on 1 January 2020.


Snåsa

From Old Norse Snǫs f, from snǫs, related to nǫs.

A village and municipality in northern Trøndelag, formerly Nord-Trøndelag, Norway


Namsos

A town with bystatus and municipality of Trøndelag, Norway, formerly in Nord-Trøndelag (until 1 January 2018).


Bindal

[²biɲːdɐ̞ːɽ]

First part from Binna, an older name of the river Åbjøra, from Old Norse Birna, derived from bjǫrn (“bear”). Last part from dal (“valley”).

A valley and municipality of Helgeland district, Nordland, Norway


Herøy

Herøy, Møre og Romsdal
Herøy, Nordland
nn:Herøy kommune i Møre og Romsdal
nn:Herøy kommune i Nordland

An island municipality of Møre og Romsdal, Norway

An island municipality of Nordland, Norway


Sykkylven

/²sʏçːʏlviɲ/

[ˈsʏ̌ʷc͡çː.ʏ́ʷl.ʋîɲ]

/²sʏçːʏlvən/

A village and municipality of Sunnmøre district, Møre og Romsdal, Norway


Vardø

Danicised form of Vordøy, Vardøy; from Middle Norwegian *Vǫrð(u)øy, from Old Norse varða + ey. Replaced earlier Vargøy.


Ørsta

head

Ørsta f (indefinite Ørst, definite dative (Sunnmøre) Ørstinne)

Ørst (indefinite)
Ørstinne (dative definite)

[¹œɾ̥ˠ.stɐ̞]

Definite form; from Old Norse Ǿrstr m, a fjord name. Possibly from Proto-Norse *Wōristaʀ, related to Old Norse ǿrr (“raging”).

A village and municipality of Møre og Romsdal, Norway


Nesodden

From Old Norse Nesoddi, originally the name of Nesoddtangen, from Nes + oddi (“cape”), with Nes being the old name of the peninsula between the Oslo Fjord and Bunne Fjord, from nes (“ness, headland”).

A municipality on the Nesodden peninsula, Akershus, Norway


Kristiansund

From older Kristianssund, Christianssund, from Christian + sund, named after the Danish king Christian VI. Replaced the old Norwegian name Fosna.

Kristiansund (a city and municipality of Nordmøre district, Møre og Romsdal, Norway)

Christian VI of Denmark
Kristiansund
nn:Kristiansund
nn:Kristiansund kommune


Leka

A municipality of Trøndelag, Norway (formerly in Nord-Trøndelag) located on an island with the same name.


Steinkjer

/²stɛɪːnˌçɛːr/

From Old Norse Steinker, from stein + ker. Cognate with Icelandic Steinker, Swedish Stenkär, and Danish Stenkær.

A city and municipality northern Trøndelag, Norway

Steinkjer
nn:Steinkjer
nn:Steinkjer kommune


Volda

Volda f (indefinite Vold, definite dative (Sunnmøre) Voldinne)

Vold (indefinite)
Voldinne (dative definite)

[ˈʋɞ̞́ʉ̯ldɐ̞̀]

From Old Norse Valdr m, a fjord name. Unknown origin.

Volda herad hev eige elektrisitetsverk i Kolfossen, 20 km. frå Hallkjelsvik.

1929, I. O. G. T., Storlosjemøtet i Volda: 27.-31. juli 1929:

Volda municipality has its own power plant in the Kolfoss, 20 km. from Hallkjelsvik.


Nes

A former municipality of Hedmark, Norway. Now part of Ringsaker

A former municipality of Vest-Agder, Norway. Now part of Flekkefjord

An earlier municipality in Sør-Trøndelag, Norway. Now part of Bjugn


Fauske

A town with bystatus and municipality of Nordland, Norway


Granvin

[²ɡrɐ̞ːn.ʋɪn]

From Old Norse Grǫnvin, from grǫn (“spruce”) + vin (“meadow”).

A former municipality of Hordaland, Norway. Merged with Voss at the 1st of January 2020.


Bømlo

A municipality of Hordaland, Norway, comprised entirely of islands.


Nordkapp

North Cape (a cape (landform), as above)


Meråker

A municipality on the Swedish border in Trøndelag, Norway, formerly in Nord-Trøndelag (until 1 January 2018).


Verdal

[²ʋæɻ.ɖɐ̞ˑɽ]

[²ʋæɖ.ɖɐ̞ˑɽ]

Verdal
Verdal River
nn:Verdal
nn:Verdal kommune

From Old Norse Verdalr, from earlier *Verardalr, from *Ver, an old name of the Verdalselva, and dalr (“valley”).

A municipality in northern Trøndelag, Norway

(definite form) A valley in northern Trøndelag, Norway


Stjørdal

Stjørdal m (definite Stjørdalen, definite dative (dialectal, Trøndelag) Stjørdala)

Stjørdalen (definite)
Stjørdala (dative definite dialectal)

[²ʂøɻ.ɖɐ̞ˑɽ]

[²ʂøɖ.ɖɐ̞ˑɽ]

Stjørdal Stjørdalselva nn:Stjørdal nn:Stjørdalen

From Old Norse Stjóradalr, from *Stjór f, an old name of the Stjørdal River, and dalr (“valley”).

A municipality and parish in northern Trøndelag, Norway

(definite form) A valley and traditional district in northern Trøndelag, Norway


Bø

A former municipality of Telemark, Norway, since 2020 is part of Midt-Telemark municipality.

name of many villages and towns in Norway


Drammen

→ English: Drammen

Newer form of Dramen and Dramn (see that).

«Det er betre med ein dram i timen enn ein time i Drammen».

2015 March 25, Knut Stavseng, “Sjøholt – ut av bakevja”, in Bygdebladet, page 26:

“It’s better with a dram per hour than an hour in Drammen”.

Drammen (a city and municipality of Buskerud, Norway)


Voss

From Old Norse Vǫrs f, from Proto-Germanic *Warsō, *Warusō, of uncertain origin.

A municipality and district of Hordaland, Norway


Halsa

From Old Norse *Halsvin, from hals (“neck”) + vin (“meadow”).

[ˈhɐ̞́ː.ʂɐ̞̌]

A former municipality of Nordmøre district, Møre og Romsdal, Norway


Halsa

From Old Norse *Halsar m pl, plural of hals. Equivalent to halsar pl.

[ˈhɐ̞́ː.ʂɐ̞̌]


Molde

Originally a farm name (now Moldegård); from Old Norse *Moldar pl, from the plural of mold (“soil, earth”).

A city and municipality of Romsdal district, Møre og Romsdal, Norway


Hamar

From Old Norse Hamarr, originally the name of the farm Storhamar. From hamarr (“steep cliff, rock face”).

A town and municipality of Hedmark, Norway.


Ålesund

From Old Norse *Álasund, from áll (“eel”) or áll (“stripe; channel”, cf. Icelandic áll) + sund (“sound”). Cognate with Faroese and Icelandic Álasund.

compound

cf. Icelandic <i class="Latn mention" lang="is">áll</i>

A city and municipality of Sunnmøre district, Møre og Romsdal, Norway

A sound in Ålesund, Møre og Romsdal, Norway


Nidhogg

From Old Norse Níðhǫggr, from níð (“libel, defamation”) + hǫggr.


Moskenes

A municipality on an island in Lofoten, Nordland, Norway


Sortland

A town with bystatus and municipality of Nordland, Norway

Sortland
nn:Sortland
nn:Sortland kommune


Tjeldsund

A municipality of Ofoten district, Nordland, Norway


Vågan

An island municipality of Lofoten district, Nordland, Norway


Flakstad

A municipality of Lofoten district, Nordland, Norway


Røst

A small island municipality of Lofoten district, Nordland, Norway


Lurøy

From Old Norse Lúðrey, from lúðr + ey (“island”).

An island and municipality of Helgeland district, Nordland, Norway


Lødingen

Lødingen
nn:Lødingen
nn:Lødingen kommune


Vestvågøy

Vestvågøy
nn:Vestvågøy
nn:Vestvågøy kommune


Øksnes

A municipality in Vesterålen, Nordland, Norway


Nesna

From Old Norse *Nesnar pl, an n-derivation of nes (“headland”). Also suggested to come from genitive plural of *nesnir (“headland dwellers”).

A farm and municipality of Helgeland district, Nordland, Norway


Narvik

A town with bystatus and municipality of Ofoten district, Nordland, Norway


Træna

Definite form; from Old Norse Þriðn f, an n-derivation of *þrið f (“unit of three”), related to þriði (“third”) and þrír (“three”). The name likely refers to three mountain peaks on the largest island. Cognate with Icelandic Þriðn, Þriðna.

An archipelago and municipality of Helgeland district, Nordland, Norway


Lillehammer

From Danish Lillehammer, a Danicisation of the native names Litlehamar or Veslehamar.

A town with bystatus and municipality of Oppland, Norway


Rennesøy

An island municipality of Rogaland, Norway

Rennesøy
nn:Rennesøy
nn:Rennesøy kommune


Finnøy

head

Finnøy f (definite Finnøya or (dialectal) Finnøynå)

Finnøya (definite)
Finnøynå (definite dialectal)

An island and former municipality of Rogaland, Norway


Sandnes

A municipality of Rogaland, Norway, and the ninth-largest city in Norway.


Gjøvik

From Old Norse Djúpvík, from djúpr (“deep”) + vík (“bay”). Doublet of Djup(e)vika, Devika, and Dybevik.

doublet

Men æille har et syskenbån på Gjøvik, om tok de fysste skretta æillt i fjor.

1983, Alf Prøysen (lyrics and music), “Æille har et syskenbån på Gjøvik”:

But everybody has a cousin in Gjøvik, which took their first steps last year.

A town and municipality by the western shore of the lake Mjøsa, Oppland, Norway


Utsira

An island and municipality of Rogaland, Norway.


Jølster

Sogn og Fjordane
Sogn og Fjordane#English

A municipality of Sogn og Fjordane, Norway


Naustdal

Naustdal
nn:Naustdal
nn:Naustdal kommune


Vågsøy

A municipality and island in Sogn og Fjordane, Norway


Lærdal

From Old Norse Læradalr, from earlier *Lærardalr. First part likely from *Lærr, a now gone river name; last part from dalr (“valley”).

A valley and municipality of Sogn og Fjordane, Norway


Hemne

A former municipality of Trøndelag, Norway, formerly in Sør-Trøndelag (until 1 January 2018). Since 2020 became a part of Heim municipality.


Holtålen

A municipality of Trøndelag, Norway, formerly in Sør-Trøndelag (until 1 January 2018).


Sauda

A town with bystatus and municipality of Rogaland, Norway


Hitra

An island municipality of Trøndelag, Norway, formerly in Sør-Trøndelag (until 1 January 2018).


Åfjord

A municipality of Trøndelag, Norway, formerly in Sør-Trøndelag (until 1 January 2018). A merger with Roan municipality is planned for 2020.


Klæbu

From Old Norse Kleppabú, from kleppr + bú.

A former municipality of Trøndelag, Norway. Merged with Trondheim in 2020.


Tydal

A municipality bordering onto Sweden in Trøndelag county, Norway, formerly in Sør-Trøndelag (until 1 January 2018).


Ørland

A municipality of Trøndelag, Norway, formerly in Sør-Trøndelag (until 1 January 2018). A merger with Bjugn municipality is planned for 2020.


Skaun

Attested as Schång in Swedish sources (17th century).


Kragerø

A town with bystatus and municipality of Telemark, Norway


Hornindal

/ˈhɔɲː.dɑːl/

From Old Norse *Hornynjudalr, from Hornyn + dalr (“valley”). The first part from horn (“horn”) + vin (“meadow”), whence also the farm name Horne.

Møre og Romsdal
Møre og Romsdal#Norwegian_Bokmål

A former municipality of Sogn og Fjordane, Norway. Joined Volda in Møre og Romsdal on 1 January 2020.


Notodden

Notodden
nn:Notodden
nn:Notodden kommune


Ibestad

A municipality consisting of two islands in Troms, Norway, with its administrative centre in Hamnvik.


Førde

From Old Norse Fyrði, Firði, from firði, dative of fjǫrðr (“fjord”).

A town with bystatus and municipality of Sogn og Fjordane, Norway

Førde
nn:Førde i Sunnfjord
nn:Førde kommune


Farsund

A town with bystatus and municipality of Vest-Agder, Norway


Gulen

Definite form; from Old Norse Guli, originally a fjord name. Possibly from gul n (“strong wind”), or from the Proto-Germanic root *geul-.


Karmøy

head

Karmøy f (definite Karmøya or (dialectal) Karmøynå)

Karmøya (definite)
Karmøynå (definite dialectal)

First part from Old Norse Kǫrmt (genitive Karmtar), whence also Karmt; from karmr. Last part from øy.

A municipality and island in Rogaland, Norway


Vennesla

Vennesla
nn:Vennesla
nn:Vennesla kommune


Harstad

[²hɐ̞ɻ.ʃt̠ɐ̞]

[²hɐ̞ʃ.t̠ɐ̞]

From Old Norse *Harðarstaðir m pl, maybe from the male given name Hǫrðr + staðr (“place”).

A town with bystatus and municipality of Troms, Norway

Harstad
Harstad (town)
nn:Harstad
nn:Harstad kommune


Orkdal

Related to the river name Orkla. The second part -dal is from Norwegian dal (“valley”).

A municipality of Trøndelag, Norway, which existed until January 1. 2020. The former municipality of Orkland was between 1920-1963 not a part of Orkdal herad. After January 1. 2020, the Orkdal became part of a new, bigger municipality, which got the same name as the former municipality of Orkland

a valley on the lower part of Orkla river, where the main part of Orkdal municipality was situated. Roughly the same as Lower Orkladal. May include or not include the former district of Orkland, which existed until 1963.


Selbu

From Old Norse Selabú, from the lake name *Seli + bú. First part from seli (“harness”).

A municipality in the south of Trøndelag, Norway


Bokn

A municipality of Rogaland, Norway, primarily consisting of the two islands Austre Bokn and Vestre Bokn


Luster

A municipality of Sogn og Fjordane, Norway


Lindesnes

From Old Norse Líðandisnes. First part from Líðandi, from the present participle of líða. According to E. Heide, the name refers to geographical features of the coast, where Lindesnes is the border between a complex coast line in the west and a easy navigatable coast line in the east. Last part from nes (“headland”).

A peninsula and municipality of Vest-Agder, Norway

Lindesnes
nn:Lindesnes
nn:Lindesnes kommune


Søgne

Originally a river name; from Old Norse *Sygna, derived from súga (“to suck”).

A village and former municipality of Vest-Agder, Norway


Roan

A municipality of Trøndelag, Norway, formerly in Sør-Trøndelag (until 1 January 2018). A merger with Åfjord municipality is planned for 2020.


Røros

Originally a farm name, until it was repurposed for the town around 1650. First part from Old Norse *Reyðr, from rauðr (“red”), cf. reyðr. Last part from óss (“river mouth”).

A mining town and municipality of Gauldal district, southern Trøndelag, Norway


Tokke

From earlier Totka [tuːtka], from Old Norse Þotka, related to Totak. The name of the municipality is derived from the river’s name.

A municipality of Telemark, Norway, formed after merging of Mo and Lårdal herads in 1964.

A river in Telemark, Norway. The river is running through this municipality from lake Totak down southwards into lake Bandak. The administrative center of the municipality, Dalen, is located on the mouth of this river.


Kvinesdal

From Old Norse Hvínisdalr, from the fjord name Hvínir (now Fedafjorden), an ia-derivation of the river name *Hvín.

(definite form) A valley Western Agder, Norway


Selje

Saint Sunniva
Selje
nn:Selja
nn:Selje i Nordfjord
nn:Selje kommune

Originally only an island name; from Old Norse Selja, possibly derived from sel (“pasture shed”), or less likely from salr (“room, hall”), referring to the cave where Saint Sunniva and her followers dwelled after reaching the island in the 10th century.

A village and former municipality of Nordfjord district, Sogn og Fjordane, Norway

(definite form) an island in Stad, Nordfjord district, Sogn og Fjordane, Norway


Vefsn

→ Swedish: Väfsen

→ Danish: Vefsen, Væfsen

→ German: Wefsen

From Old Norse *Vefsn, originally only a river name, whence also Vefsna (“The Vefsn River”). Of uncertain origin, but possibly a sn-derivation of vefja or the Proto-Germanic stem *web-, whence also Old Norse váfa.

A municipality of Helgeland district, Nordland, Norway


Oppdal

From Old Norse Uppdalr, from upp- (“upper”) + dalr (“valley”)

A municipality of Trøndelag, Norway, formerly in Sør-Trøndelag (until 1 January 2018).

a village in the valley which is the administrative center of the municipality


Rennebu

A municipality of Trøndelag, Norway, formerly in Sør-Trøndelag (until 1 January 2018). Before 1839 was part of Meldal. In 1966 the town of Innset became part of this municipality.

a town, which is the administrative center of this municipality.


Mandal

From Old Norse *Marnardalr, from *Mǫrn + dalr (“valley”).

(definite form) A valley West Agder, Norway


Skien

Danicised form of a Norwegian Skìda; from Old Norse Skiða, likely from a river name derived from skíða (“piece of split wood; plank”), which may refer to a straight river course. It can also come from a related strong verb (*skíða < *skīþaną) and mean “the splitting (river)”. This would also explain the short vowel, cf. skriða f from skríða. Whether the Old Norse form was Skiða or Skíða is unclear, but the modern pronunciation with /e/ suggests the first.

Skien (a city and municipality of Grenland district, Telemark, Norway)


Rissa

A former municipality in Sør-Trøndelag, Norway, merged with Leksvik in Nord-Trøndelag to form Indre Fosen municipality in Trøndelag county on 1 Jan 2018; the two counties were merged on the same day.


Kristiansand

[kɰɛ̞sjɐ̞nˈsɐ̞nː]

A Norwegianised spelling of Danish Christianssand, from Christian + sand (“sand”). Named after Christian IV of Denmark who initiated the construction of a “kvadratur” on the place in 1641.

A city and municipality of Vest-Agder, Norway. The sixth-largest city in Norway.


Vinje

Named after the old Vinje farm, from Old Norse Vinjar, plural form of vin (“pasture, meadow”).

A municipality of Telemark, Norway. The administrative center of the municipality is Åmot.

A village in this municipality (herad), whence the name of the municipality.


Vinje

A village in Voss, Western Norway, Norway


Vinje

A village in Heim, Trøndelag, Norway (formerly in Hemne municipality)


Dovre

Originally a farm name; from Old Norse Dofrar f pl, from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewbʰ- (“deep”). Cognate with Icelandic Dofrar.

A village and municipality of Oppland, Norway

Samstelte og trugne til Dovre fell

United and loyal until (the mountains of) Dovre crumble

Ellipsis of Dovrefjell (“the mountains of Dovre”).


Dovre

From Old Norse Dofri, related to Dofrar (“Dovre”).

(Norse mythology) name of a jotun said to have raised Harald Fairhair


Nøtterøy

An island, also a former municipality in Vestfold, Norway, merged with Tjøme to form Færder municipality on 1 January 2018.


Holmestrand

A town with bystatus and municipality of Vestfold, Norway. It was enlarged on 1 January 2018 when Hof municipality was merged with it.

Holmestrand
nn:Holmestrand
nn:Holmestrand kommune


Tjøme

An island, also a former municipality in Vestfold, Norway, merged with Nøtterøy to form Færder municipality on 1 January 2018.


Horten

A town with bystatus and municipality of Vestfold, Norway


Stokke

A former municipality of Vestfold, Norway, now part of Sandefjord municipality (from 1 January 2017).


Andebu

From Old Norse Andabú. The first part is uncertain; the last part is bú n (“dwelling”)

A village and former municipality of Vestfold, Norway


Tønsberg

From Old Norse Túnsberg, from tún + berg.

A city and municipality of Vestfold, Norway

Tønsberg
nn:Tønsberg
nn:Tønsberg kommune


Meldal

Meddarn

the municipality and its village, definite form

A former municipality of Trøndelag, Norway which existed until 1 january 2020), formerly in Sør-Trøndelag (until 1 January 2018). Back in the older days (around 19th century) the municipaliry has also included Rennebu (and some hillsides in Rindal).

a village in the valley, administrative center of the municipality and of a church district with the same name

a medieval herad with administrative center in the village


Meldal

an uninhabited valley on a mountain side on the Gurskøya island


Nord-Trøndelag

A former county of Norway, merged with Sør-Trøndelag to form Trøndelag county on 1 January 2018.


Larvik

From Old Norse Lagarvík, from Lǫgr (i.e. Numedalslågen) + vík (“bay”).

Numedalslågen
nn:Larvik
nn:Larvik kommune


Sør-Trøndelag

A former county of Norway, merged with Nord-Trøndelag to form Trøndelag county on 1 January 2018.


Aust-Agder

Coordinate term: Vest-Agder


Lund

Lund (a city and municipality of Skåne County, in southern Sweden)

Lund (a municipality of Rogaland county, Norway)


Sandefjord

Sandefjord
Sandefjordsfjord
nn:Sandefjord kommune

A town with bystatus and municipality of Vestfold, Norway. It was enlarged on 1 January 2017 when the municipalities of Andebu and Stokke were merged with it.

(definite form) Synonym of Sandefjordsfjorden


Hedmark

Hedmark f (definite Hedmarka, definite dative Hedmarken)

Hedmarka (definite)
Hedmarken (dative definite)

Monophthongised form of Heidmark, from Old Norse Heiðmǫrk, from the tribe name hei(ð)nir + mǫrk (“forest, woodland”). Cognate with Icelandic Heiðmörk and Danish Hedemark.


Hordaland

From Old Norse Hǫrðaland, from hǫrðar m pl + land.

Sogn og Fjordane
Sogn og Fjordane#Norwegian_Bokmål

(historical) A county of Western Norway, merged with Sogn og Fjordane on 1 January 2020 under the new name of Vestland.


Troms

→⇒ Danish: Tromsø

→ Norwegian: Tromsø

→ Northern Sami: Romsa

→ Finnish: Tromssa

Originally the name of what’s now called Tromsøya; from Old Norse Trums, possibly from Proto-Germanic *trumisō. Also theorised to come from *Strums, from an ablaut form of straumr (“current, stream”). Cognate with Icelandic Trums.

A county in Northern Norway (between 2020 to 2024 Troms and Finnmark were merged into Troms og Finnmark county).


Telemark

English: telemark

tele (“someone from Telemark”) + mark (“land; march”); from Old Norse Þelamǫrk, from genitive plural of þelir (name of an old Germanic tribe) + mǫrk (“borderland, march, mark, woodland”).


Lardal

Lardal
Numedalslågen
nn:Lardal
nn:Larvik kommune

From Old Norse Lagardalr, from Lǫgr (i.e. Numedalslågen) + dalr (“valley”). Doublet of Lågdalen.

A former municipality of Vestfold, Norway

(definite form) a valley in Vestfold, Norway, around the river Lågen


Vest-Agder

Coordinate term: Aust-Agder


Svelvik

[ˈsʋǽɽˌʋǐˑk]

From Old Norse Sverðvík, likely a newer form of *Sverfðvík, from *sverfð (“a whirl”), a nominalised form of sverfa (“to whirl”), and vík. The first part may be in reference to the Svelvik current.

A town with bystatus in Drammen, Norway.

A former municipality of Vestfold, Norway. Joined Drammen on 1 January 2020.


Rogaland

Learned borrowing from Old Norse Rogaland, from genitive of rygir m pl (“the people living in Rogaland”), and land. The name fell out of use in the Middle Age, but was taken back as county name in 1918.


Stavanger

[stɐ̞.ˈʋɐ̞ŋ.ɡər]

[stɐ̞.ˈʋɐ̞ŋ.ŋəɾ]

[sta̝.ˈʋa̝ŋ.ŋɔɰ]

[sta̝.ˈʋa̝ŋ.ŋəɰ]

From Old Norse Stafangr, a compound of stafr + angr. Akin to Stavang. The meanings of the composite words are straightforward, but what exactly they refer to is unclear.
* angr (“bay, fjord”), in reference to a body of water. This could be Breiavatnet, Byfjorden, Hillevågsvatnet, Vågen , or Østervåg. Norwegian etymologist Inge Særheim sees Vågen, the inlet atop the mouth of which stands the Stavanger Cathedral, as the most likely candidate.
* stafr (“staff”), from Proto-Germanic *stabaz, relating to the straight and unbending shape of a landform. This could refer to the out-jutting headland on the east lip of Vågen, a steep drop down into (the shore of) a body of water, or simply the unbending shape of the body of water in question. Byfjorden, Hillevågsvatnet, and Vågen all have straightish shapes.

A city and municipality of Rogaland, Norway.

(now historical) A former county (amt) in Norway, from 1662 to 1919, roughly equivalent to modern-day Rogaland.


Storbritannia

Det sameinte kongeriket Storbritannia og Nord-Irland

Great Britain (loosely, the United Kingdom)


Trondheim

From Old Norse Þróndheimr, Þróndeimr, Þrándheimr (“Trondheim, Trøndelag”), from þróndr (plural þrǿndr, þrǿndir) + heimr. Þróndr is possibly from the present participle of þróask (“to grow”), from the reflexive form of Proto-Germanic *þrōwōną. A proposed Proto-Norse ancestor is *ᚦᚱᛟᚹᚨᚾᛞᛁᛉ m pl (*þrowandiʀ /*þrōwandiʀ/) (< *þrōwōną + *-ndz), cf. Old English Þrowendas pl. A similar construction is found in bóndi (“farmer”) from búa (“to reside”), and frændi (“friend”) from frjá (“to love”).
The city’s Old Norse name was Niðaróss (“the mouth of the Nid river”), but was commonly referred to as kaupangr í Þróndheimi (“the city in Trøndelag”). It was later simplified to use only the name of the region, whence also the Danish name Trondhjem. The same tendency is found in modern time when the city is referred to as Staden (“the stead, the city”) or Byen (“the city”) instead of its official name, and genuine dialect forms are found only outside of Trøndelag.
Doublet of Trandum (farm name). Cognates include Faroese Tróndheimur and Icelandic Þrándheimur, and Swedish Trondhem.

inh

Olavskyrkja i Trondeim / ho æ tekt’e mæ bly: / Bendik skò inkji live njote, / um ho va tri gongjir ny!

The Olav Church in Trondheim / it is thatched with lead: / Bendik shall not his life enjoy, / if it was three times new!

Trandeim

Northern Fyrdemål, Sognamål, Western Valdres dialect

Trondheim, Throndham (a city and municipality in southern Trøndelag, Norway)

Trondheimsfjorden

the fjord around which Trøndelag is located

trondheimsk

related to Trondheim; the dialect of Trondheim

kaupangen i Trondheimen

medieval nickname for the city of Nidaros/Trondheim (literally, “the city in Throwendham”)

Fraa denne Foldalen var altso ho Malene, som var fem og sytti Aar og piltade so lett som ei Rjupe tri Mil fram til Hjerkinn for at sjaa Kongen paa Nordferdi si til Throndheim, endaa mange Skytsfolk til Kongen, som vaaro i Fylgjet med sine lause Hestar, sagde, at ho gjekk for at sjaa seg ut ein Kjæraste paa Hjerkinn og Kongsvoll bland dei Mange, som komo dit fraa lang Leid for at sjaa Kongen.

1861, A. O. Vinje, Ferdaminni fraa Sumaren 1860, page 85:

From this Foldal was Malene, who was seventy five years old and scurried as light as a grouse 34 km to Hjerkinn to see the king on his journey north to Throwendham [i.e. Trøndelag], even though many of the king’s horsemen, who were in his entourage with their loose horses, said that she went to find herself a spouse on Hjerkinn and Kongsvoll from the many who came from far away to see the king.

(now often in the definite form) Throwendham, Throndham (the region around the Trondheim Fjord, Norway, equivalent of the county of Trøndelag)


Buskerud

Originally only a farm name; from Old Norse Biskupsruð, from biskup (“bishop”) and ruð (“clearing”).


Frøya

Definite form; from Old Norse Frøy, Frey f, from Proto-Germanic *Frawjō f, from *frawjô (“lord”). Also theorised to be from *fraaujō (“big island”).

An island and municipality on the coast of Trøndelag, Norway

An island in Nordfjord district, Sogn og Fjordane, Norway.


Frøya

From Old Norse Freyja, from freyja (“lady”), from Proto-Germanic *frawjǭ.


Tromsø

Troms og Finnmark
Troms og Finnmark#English

Tromsø (a city and municipality of Troms og Finnmark, Norway)


Oppland

From Old Norse Upplǫnd n pl, from upp (“up”) + lǫnd (“lands”).

(definite) The districts of the inner parts of Norway south of Dovre, mainly Gudbrandsdalen, Østerdalen, Hedmarken and Toten


Finnmark

From Old Norse Finnmǫrk (“land of the Sami”), from finnr, fiðr (“Sami”) + mǫrk (“woodland, forest”). First part from Proto-Germanic *fenþnōz pl (“nomadic people”) or *finnaz.
Not to be confused with Finnemarka, which is a newer name made from finne (“Finn”), a Swedish borrowing.

der

A dialect of the Northern Sami language.


Vega

An island on the coast of Nordland, Norway

A municipality on the coast of Nordland, Norway, which includes some hundred islets and islands, the biggest of them are Ylvingen, Igerøy, Søla and Vega itself


Preussen

Prussia (historical, former kingdom of Germany)


København

From Danish København, from Old Danish Køpmannæhafn (“Copenhagen”, literally “chapmen’s haven”), equivalent to Old Norse Kaupmannahǫfn. Compare Faroese Keypmannahavn and Icelandic Kaupmannahöfn.

Copenhagen (the capital city, municipality, and former county of Denmark)


Montréal

Montreal (the largest city in Quebec, Canada)

Montreal (an island in Quebec, Canada, the site of the city of Montreal)


Agnes

a female given name from Ancient Greek, equivalent to English Agnes


Lars

From Latin Laurentius, first recorded in Norway in the 15th century. Cognate with English Laurence.


Tahiti

French Polynesia
French Polynesia#English

Tahiti (the largest island in French Polynesia)


Shetland

Borrowed from English Shetland, from Scots Shetland, from Middle Scots Ȝetland, from Old Norse Hjaltland. Doublet of Hjaltland.


Nora

Feminine form of the Old Norse given name Nóri, Nórr. Also a short form of Eleonora. Cognate with Faroese and Icelandic Nóra.

a female given name from Old Norse, masculine equivalent Nore


Baluchistan

(pre-2005) alternative form of Balutsjistan


Harald

From Old Norse Haraldr, from Proto-Germanic *Harjawaldaz. Doublet of Hervald. Cognate with the Faroese and Icelandic Haraldur, and English Harold. Name of ruling kings of Norway and Denmark since the Viking Age.

a male given name from Old Norse, feminine equivalent Haralda or Haralde


eden

Metonymically from the Garden of Eden, from Biblical Hebrew עֵדֶן (ʿḗden).


Herren

Capitalized definite form of herre (“master, lord, ruler”). See that word for more. The use for this sense is probably a calque of Medieval Latin Dominus, from Ancient Greek κύριος (kúrios). This calquing (together with capitalization) is akin to English Lord.


Normandie

administrative region
administrative region

Normandy (an administrative region, historical province, and medieval kingdom in northwest France, on the English Channel)


Kiel

Kiel (a city in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany)


Kaliningrad

Kaliningrad (a city, the administrative center of Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia)


Arkhangelsk

From Russian Арха́нгельск (Arxángelʹsk).

bor

Арха́нгельск

Arkhangelsk (a city, the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia)


Atte

From Old Norse Atti, from Proto-Germanic *attô.


Joachim

a male given name, a less common spelling of Joakim


Korsika

Corsica (an island, department, and administrative region of France, in the Mediterranean to the north of Sardinia)


Gunn

From Old Norse Gunnr, from gunnr (“battle”). Also a short form of compound names containing the element.


Bornholm

Bornholm (an island and municipality of Denmark, in the Baltic Sea)


Noreg

From Old Norse Noregr, from earlier *Norðvegr, from norðr (“north”) + vegr (“way, road”).

Eg er frå Noreg.

Norway (a country in Northern Europe; capital and largest city: Oslo)


Halvor

a male given name from Old Norse, variant of Hallvord


Hetland

From Old Norse *Hesliland, from hesli (“hazel forest”) + land (“land”).

A former municipality of Jæren district, Rogaland, Norway


Gunnar

From Old Norse Gunnarr, from Proto-Germanic *Gunþiharjaz, from *gunþiz (“battle”) + *harjaz (“warrior”). Cognate with Faroese, Icelandic, and Swedish Gunnar, Danish Gunder and German Gunther.


Bjørk

From Icelandic Björk, or bjørk (“birch”).


Bjørg

From Old Norse Bjǫrg, from bjǫrg (“salvation”). Also a short form of compound names with the element. Cognate with Faroese Bjørg and Icelandic Björg.


Ragnar

From Old Norse Ragnarr, from regin, rǫgn (“counsel”) and herr (“army”); cognate to German Rainer.


Emil

a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Emil


Bouvetøya

Named after Jean-Baptiste_Charles_Bouvet_de_Lozier, + øya (definite singular of øy)

Bouvet Island (an uninhabited volcanic island and dependent territory of Norway in the South Atlantic Ocean)


Amerikansk Samoa

American Samoa (an archipelago and overseas territory of the United States in Polynesia)


München

Munich (the capital and largest city of Bavaria, Germany)


Oseania

Oceania (a continent in the Pacific Ocean)


Donau

Danube (a river in Europe; flowing 2850 kilometers from the confluence of the Breg and Brigach at Donaueschingen, Germany, into the Black Sea in Romania)


Svein

From Old Norse Sveinn, from sveinn (“boy, servant”). Cognate with Faroese Sveinur, Icelandic Sveinn, Danish Svend, Swedish Sven, English Sweyn, and Finnish Soini.

a male given name from Old Norse, feminine equivalent Sveina

svein

boy; servant; journeyman with diploma; see that for related given names


Knut

From Old Norse Knútr, originally a byname; from knútr (“knot”). Cognate with Faroese and Icelandic Knútur, Danish Knud and English Canute.

a male given name from Old Norse, meaning “knot”


Ole

Borrowed from Danish Ole, or inherited from Old Norse Óli, a short form of Old Norse Óláfr. Commonly used as a Danicised written form of the doublets Ola and Olav in the 18th and 19th century.

a male given name from Danish or Old Norse


Olav

[²u̞ː.ɽɐ̞(ʋ)]

[¹u̞ːˌlɐ̞ˑʋ]

[²oɐː.lɐ̞ːʋ]

From Old Norse Óláfr, from Proto-Norse *ᚨᚾᚢᛚᚨᛁᛒᚨᛉ (*anulaibaʀ), from Proto-Germanic *Anulaibaz. Doublet of Oleiv and Olåv.

Gjenta svarad’. / Olav! Kvarfor kom du intkje før paa Kvelden? / Længje eg paa deg har liggjid stonda;

1848, Ludv. M. Lindeman, “Guten og Gjenta paa Fjøshjellen”, in Norske Viser og Stev i Folkesproget, page 30:

The girl answered. / Olav! Why didn’t you come earlier in the evening? / For a long time have I have lied here waiting for you;

Dat verd, naar han Sant-Olav kjem atter nordantil.

1856, Ivar Aasen, Norske Ordsprog [Norwegian Idioms], page 239:

It will be when Saint Olaf comes up north again. [i.e. it will never happen.]

Ein Son etter Ingjald var Olav, han flydde med myket Folk vest etter til Skogen immillom Noreg og Sverike, der rudde han Skogen med Øks og Eld og bygde Landet;

1862, Eirik M. Torvaldsson Sommer, Noregs Saga i Stuttmaal, elder Fortelning um dei største Tilburdarne med Nordmennerne og deira Tilstand i Noreg gjenom Forntidi til vaare Dagar:

A son after Ingjald was Olav, he went with lots of people west to the forest between Norway and Sweden, where he cleared the forest with axe and fire and build the land;

Denne Kongssonen var Olav, son til Kong Tryggve Olavsson og Sonesons Son hans Harald Haarfagre.

1882, Steinar Schjøtt, Norigs Soga: Til Heimelesning og Bruk fyr Lærarar, page 40:

This prince was Olaf, son of king Tryggvi Olafsson and great grandson of Harald Fairhair.

Olav, du må vakne; indianarane kjem.

Olav, wake up; the Native Americans are coming.


Bjarne

From Old Norse Bjarni, short form of names starting with Bjarn-, from bjǫrn (“bear”).


Bjørn

From Old Norse Bjǫrn, from Old Norse bjǫrn (“bear”), whence also bjørn. Also a medieval short form of compound names containing the element. Cognate with Faroese and Danish Bjørn and Icelandic and Swedish Björn.

a male given name from Old Norse, meaning “bear”, feminine equivalent Bera or Birna


Venedig

the former name of Venice, the capital city of Veneto, Italy


Ulrik

From German Ulrich, from Old High German Uodalrich (Odalric, Udalric), from uodal (“heritage, homestead”) + rihhi (“ruler”). Cognate with Old Norse Óðalríkr.

compound

a male given name from German, equivalent to English Ulrich or Ulric


Arktis

the Arctic (region around the North Pole)


Eirik

From Old Norse Eiríkr, from Proto-Norse *ᚨᛁᚹᚨᚱᛁᚲᛁᛃᚨᛉ (*aiwarikijaʀ /*aiwarīkijaʀ/) or *ᚨᛁᚾᚨᚱᛁᚲᛁᛃᚨᛉ (*ainarikijaʀ /*ainarīkijaʀ/), from Proto-Germanic *aiwaz (“long time, eternity”) + *rīkijaz (“mighty, rich”). Cognate with Faroese Eirikur, Icelandic Eiríkur, and Swedish and Danish Erik.

inh

*ᚨᛁᚹᚨᚱᛁᚲᛁᛃᚨᛉ

der

a male given name from Old Norse, feminine equivalent Eirika, equivalent to English Eric


Arne

From Old Norse Arni, Árni, short form of given names beginning with Arn-, from ǫrn (“eagle”). Cognate with Faroese and Icelandic Árni, and Swedish and Danish Arne.

a male given name from Old Norse, feminine equivalent Arna


Lovise

a female given name, equivalent to English Louise


Kongo-Kinshasa

Democratic Republic of the Congo#English

Congo-Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (a country in Central Africa)


Terje

a male given name from Old Norse, variant of Torgeir


Torstein

[²tʰɞ̞s.stɛ̞ɪˑn]

[²tʰɞ̞r̥.stɛ̞ɪˑn]

From Old Norse Þorsteinn, Þórsteinn, from Þórr (“Thor”) + steinn (“stone”). Cognate with Faroese Torstein, Tórstein, Icelandic Þorsteinn, Swedish and Danish Torsten, and English Thurstan.


Tord

From Old Norse Þórðr, a contraction of Þórfreðr, from Þórr (“Thor”) + friðr (“peace”).


Torvald

From Old Norse Þorvaldr, from Þórr (“Thor”) + valdr (“rule”). Doublet of Torald.


Torgeir

From Old Norse Þorgeirr, from Þórr (“Thor”) or þórr (“thunder”) + geirr (“spear”). Cognate with Faroese Torgeir, Icelandic Þorgeir, and Swedish and Danish Torger.

a male given name from Old Norse, feminine equivalent Torgeira


Hege

Spelling variant of Hæge, a dialectal form of Helga with a loss of -l- following a lengthening of the preceding vowel.

a female given name from Old Norse, variant of Hæge


Helga

From Old Norse Helga, from *heiligr (“happy, lucky”).

a female given name from Old Norse, masculine equivalent Helge


Geir

Revived in the end of the 19th century; from Old Norse Geirr, from geirr (“spear”). Also a short form of compound names with this element. Cognate with Faroese and Icelandic Geir and Swedish Ger.


Sveinung

From Old Norse Sveinungr, from Sveinn + -ungr. Cognate with Faroese Sveinungur, Swedish Svenung, Svennung, and Danish Svenning.


Oddvar

Newer name; from odd (“sharp or thin point”) and the old name element -var (“protector”). Also a variant of Oddvard.

Kvar var du då Oddvar Brå braut staven?
Where were you when Oddvar Brå broke his pole?


Steinar

From Old Norse Steinarr, from Proto-Norse ᛊᛏᚨᛁᚾᚨᚹᚨᚱᛁᛃᚨᛉ (stainawarijaʀ), from Proto-Germanic *stainaz (“stone”) + *warjaz (“defender”). Cognate with Faroese and Icelandic Steinar, Swedish Steinar and Danish Stener.

inh

ᛊᛏᚨᛁᚾᚨᚹᚨᚱᛁᛃᚨᛉ


Leiv

From Old Norse Leifr, which is derived from the feminine noun leif f, whence also leiv f and leivd. The name is a short form of Old Norse names ending in -leifr, such as Þorleifr (> Torleiv).
Used in Norway since the Middle Ages.


Guri

Pillar-Guri

a legandary female hero from various places, most known the one from Kringen


Sølvi

A variant of Solveig (cf. Sølvei and Solvi), from Old Norse Sǫlveig.


Joar

jo + -ar; from Old Norse Jóarr, from jór (“horse”) + herr (“army”), or a variant of Jógeirr, from geirr (“spear”). Cognate with Old Swedish Iōar.


Reidar

From Old Norse Reiðarr, Hreiðarr, from hreiðr (“nest, home”) + -arr. Cognate with Faroese Reiðar, Icelandic Hreiðar, Swedish Redar,, Danish Reder and Old Swedish Rēdhar.

Hei Reidar, he du kjøpt dej ny gjødselspreidar?
Ja, ej kjøpte ’nå bort på AK i går; ej måtte ha mej en ny’e når det vart vår.

2005, Vassendgutane (lyrics and music), “Hei Reidar”, in Ungkar med dobbelseng:

Hey Reidar, have you bought yourself a new manure spreader?
Yes, I bought it at AK yesterday; I needed a new one when it became spring.


Frøydis

From Old Norse Frøydís, Freydís, from Freyr + dís (“dis, minor goddess”). Cognate with Faroese Froydis, Icelandic Freydís and Old Swedish Frødīs.


Sindre

From Old Norse Sindri, the name of a dwarf. Given name also from an Old Norse byname.

(Norse mythology) Eitri or Sindri; the dwarf who, together with his brother Brokkr, made Gullinbursti, Draupnir and Mjollnir


Frode

From Old Norse Fróði, originally a byname; from fróðr (“wise”), whence also frod.


Trym

(Norse mythology) Trym (a jotun, known from Þrymskviða where he steals Thor’s hammer)


Trond

From Old Norse Þróndr, Þrándr, either from þróndr (“man from Trøndelag”) or of the same origin, the present participle of þróa(sk). Another suggested origin is Proto-Norse ᚦᚱᚨᚹᛟᚹᛁᚾᛞᚢᛉ (þrawowinduʀ /þrawōwinduʀ/). Cognate with Faroese Tróndur, Icelandic Þrándur and English Throwend.

Med drakeskip og mykje folk skal me sigle til Færøy, og ikkje trur eg Trond i Gòto vert glad den dagen me stig i land der.

1908, Hulda Garborg, Sigmund Bresteson, page 14:

With dragonships and lots of people, we will sail to the Faroe Islands, and I do not think Tróndur í Gøtu will be happy when we go ashore there.

Og han voks til og vardt vaksen Mann,
men stautar Kar visst du sjeldan fann,
og allesaman, som Tronden kjende,
dei likad honom, og daa helst Kvende.

1868, Henrik Krohn, “Geirstad-Trond”, in Fraa Vestlandet, page 5:

And he grew up and became a grown man,
but a stouter guy, you rarely found,
and all of them whom (the) Trond knew,
they liked him, and then especially women.


Endre

a male given name from Old Norse, variant of Eindride


Roald

From Old Norse Róaldr, Old Norse Hróaldr, from earlier Hróðvaldr, from Proto-Germanic *Hrōþiwaldaz, *Hrōþawaldaz, from *hrōþiz (“praise, fame”) + *waldaz (“ruler, chieftain”). Cognate with Old High German Hrodowald.


Roald

From Old Norse *Róǫld, originally an island name; from ró, a variant of rá (“corner”), and an uncertain second element. Doublet of Rolla (place in Ibestad, Troms).

A village in Giske, Sunnmøre district, Møre og Romsdal, Norway


Astrid

From Old Norse Astríðr, Ástríðr, from earlier Ásríðr, a variant of Ásfríðr, from Proto-Norse *ᚨᚾᛊᚢᚠᚱᛁᚦᛁᛃᛟᛉ (*ansufriþijoʀ), from Proto-Germanic *ansuz (“god”) + *frīdaz (“beautiful”), equivalent to ås + frid. Doublet of Åsfrid.
It has also been claimed to come from ást (“love”), whence also modern åst, but this is likely a reinterpretation.
Cognates include with Faroese Astríð, Ástríð, and Icelandic Ástríður.

*ᚨᚾᛊᚢᚠᚱᛁᚦᛁᛃᛟᛉ

Daa Trygve var drepen flydde Astrid, kona hans, ut på ein holm i eit vatn. Der fekk ho ein son, som ho kalla Olav.

1900, Jonas Vellesen, Norigs soga aat folkeskulen [History of Norway for Public School], 2nd edition, Bergen: F. Beyers forlag:

When Tryggve was killed, Astrid, his wife, fled to an islet in a lake. There, she got a son, which she called Olaf.


Astri

Pronunciation spelling
pronunciation spelling


Ingjerd

a female given name, variant of Ingegjerd


Yngve

From Old Norse Yngvi, a name of the god Freyr, from Proto-Germanic *Ingwô. Doublet of Inge.

(Norse mythology) Yngvi, the original name of Freyr


Ivar

From Old Norse Ívarr, from Proto-Norse *ᛁᚹᚨᚺᚨᚱᛃᚨᛉ (*iwaharjaʀ /*īwaharjaʀ/), from Proto-Germanic *īwaz (“yew tree, bow”) + *harjaz (“warrior, army”); also partly merged with Old Norse Yngvarr. Cognate with Faroese and Icelandic Ívar, Swedish Ivar, Danish Iver (Danicisation), and English Ivor.

Ein konung av denne Ætti heitte Ivar Vidfadme; han raadde yver alle Gautarne og Danerne ifraa syndre Enden av Danmark og nord til Vatni, Venern og Vettern.

1862, Eirik M. Torvaldsson Sommer, Noregs Saga i Stuttmaal. Elder Fortelning um dei største Tilburdarne med Nordmennerne og deira Tilstand i Noreg gjenom Forntidi til vaare Dagar, page 10:

A king of this clan was Ivar Widefathom; he ruled over all the Geats and Danes from the southern end of Denmark and north to the lakes, Vänern and Vättern.


Ingrid

From Old Norse Ingríðr, a variant of Ingiríðr, from Ingifríðr.

a female given name from Old Norse, variant of Ingerid


Ulf

From Old Norse Ulfr where ⟨f⟩ has been misinterpreted as /f/. Compare the inherited Ulv and ulv.


Ylva

a female given name from Old Swedish, meaning “she-wolf”, masculine equivalent Ulv


Joakim

Ultimately from Latin Ioachimus, from Ancient Greek Ἰωακείμ (Iōakeím), Ἰωακίμ (Iōakím), from Biblical Hebrew יְהוֹיָקִים (yəhôyâqîm, literally “may Yahweh raise up”).

der

a male given name, equivalent to English Joachim


Gunnhild

From Old Norse Gunnhildr, from gunnr (“battle”) + hildr (“battle (maid)”).


Gunhild

a female given name from Old Norse, variant of Gunnhild


Håkon

From Old Norse Hákon. Cognate with Faroese Hákun, Icelandic Hákon, Swedish Håkan and Danish Hågen.


Liv

From Old Norse Líf, Hlíf, from hlíf (“protection”). In Norse mythology Lif is the woman who will survive Ragnarok.


Alfhild

Borrowed from Old Norse Alfhildr, from alfr (“elf”) and hildr (“battle”).


Audun

From Old Norse Auðunn, from older *Auðvinr, from Proto-Germanic *Audawiniz. Cognate with Faroese Eyðun, Icelandic Auðun, Swedish Öden, and Edwin.


Edvin

Borrowed from English Edwin. Doublet of Audun.


Steine

From Old Norse Steini, and a short form of compound names with the element stein (see Stein). Cognate with Icelandic Steini.

a male given name from Old Norse, feminine equivalent Steina


Børge

a male given name from Old Norse, variant of Byrge


Birger

From Danish Birger, from Old Norse Birgir (“helper”).


Guro

From Old Norse Guðrún where the -n is lost following nasalisation of the preceding vowel, cf. augun > augo (“the eyes”).

(eye dialect) alternative spelling of Gudrun


Åse

From Old Norse Ása, short form of female compound names beginning with the element áss, ǫ́ss (“god”). Cognate with Icelandic and Faroese Ása, Swedish Åsa and Danish Åse.

a female given name from Old Norse, variant of Åsa


Einar

From Old Norse Einarr, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one”) and *harjaz (“warrior”).
Doublet of einherje. Cognate with Faroese and Icelandic Einar, Swedish Enar, Danish Ener (Jutlandic Jenner).


Gaute

From Old Norse Gauti, a weak form of Gautr; from gauti, gautr (“Geat”). Originally a byname, and also a short form of names with the element. Cognate with Faroese Geyti, Icelandic Gauti, Swedish Göte, and Danish Gøde.


Øystein

From Old Norse Øysteinn, Eysteinn, from ey (“luck”) + steinn (“stone”). Cognate with Faroese Oystein, Icelandic Eysteinn, Swedish Östen, and Danish Østen.


Siv

From Old Norse Sif, from sif (“kindred, kinswoman”), from Proto-Germanic *sibjō.

(Norse mythology) Sif, the wife of Thor.

a female given name from Old Norse, used since early 20th century


Arve

From Arved (pronounced Arve) reanalysed as weak masculine; from Old Norse Arviðr. Also from Old Norse *Arfi, from arfi (“heir”).


Arnfinn

From Old Norse Arnfinnr, from ǫrn (“eagle”) + finnr (“Sami”). Cognate with Faroese and Icelandic Arnfinnur.


Arnstein

From Old Norse Arnsteinn, from ǫrn (“eagle”) + steinn (“stone”).


Quisling

From earlier Quislin, from the Latinisation Quislinus of the Danish village name Kvislemark, later reinterpreted as Kvisle(mark) + -ing. More at quisling.


Vidar

From Old Norse Víðarr, from víðr (“wide”) + herr (“army”).


Vegard

From Old Norse Végarðr, from vé (“home; sanctuary”) + garðr (“enclosure; protection”).

a male given name from Old Norse, feminine equivalent Vegjerd


Sverre

From Old Norse Sverrir, originally a byname, from sverra (“to swing around, spin”), thus meaning “trouble-maker”. Cognate with Faroese Sverri and Icelandic Sverrir.


Erlend

From Old Norse Erlendr, from erlendr (“foreigner”). Cognate with Faroese and Icelandic Erlendur and Swedish and Danish Erland.


Yggdrasil

/²ʏɡːˌdraːsɪl/

Learned borrowing from Old Norse Yggdrasill, from Yggr + drasill (“steed”).


Aude

From Old Norse Auði, a short form of compound names with the element auðr (“wealth, riches”) (such as Auðbergr). Cognate with Faroese Eyði, Swedish Öde, and Old High German Audo, Ōdo, Ōto.

a male given name from Old Norse, feminine equivalent Auda


Arnbjørn

arn (“eagle”) + bjørn (“bear”); from Old Norse Arnbjǫrn, from ǫrn + bjǫrn. Cognate with Icelandic Arnbjörn.


Bjørgvin

From Old Norse Bjǫrgvin (“meadow between the mountains”), revived in the 19th century. From bjarg (“rock, boulder, cliff”) + vin (“meadow, pasture”). Compare Faroese Bjørgvin and Icelandic Björgvin.

compound

No er stutt á fortelja at sild fekk me, kom heppeleg til Bjørgvin og selde godt.

1929, Halldor O. Opedal, Ein harding på vidåtta i 60-åri, page 25:

Now it is short to say, that we got herring, and it luckily came to Bergen and sold well.

Bergen (A port city, municipality and former county in Hordaland, Norway; official name: Bergen)

Halvor Nordhaug vart biskop i Bjørgvin i 2009.

2014 March 31, “Biskop Halvor”, in Den Norske Kyrkja [The Church of Norway], retrieved 2022-12-25:

Halvor Nordhaug became bishop of [the diocese of] Bjørgvin in 2009.

Bjørgvin bispedøme
Bjørgvin bispedøme#Norwegian_Nynorsk

Clipping of Bjørgvin bispedøme (“Diocese of Bjørgvin”).


Mikronesia

From Ancient Greek μικρός (mikrós) + νῆσος (nêsos).

Micronesia (a geographical region of Oceania)

Micronesia (A country consisting of about 2000 islands in Oceania; official name: Mikronesiaføderasjonen)


Eilif

Learned borrowing from Old Norse Eilífr where has been misinterpreted as /f/. Compare the inherited Eiliv.


Ósló

(nonstandard or dialectal, Setesdal dialect) alternative form of Oslo


Skottland

Scotland (country in northwest Europe to the north of England)


Halvard

a male given name from Old Norse, variant of Hallvard


Hallvard

hall + -vard; from Old Norse Hallvarðr, from hallr (“stone”) + -varðr, cf. vǫrðr (“guardian”). Cognate with Faroese and Icelandic Hallvarður. Doublet of Hallvord, Halvor.


Nanna

From Old Norse Nanna, from Proto-Germanic *nanþ- (“brave, daring”). The given name may also have other origins.

(Norse mythology) Nanna (Nepsdóttir), the wife of Balder.


Hjørdis

hjør (“sword”) + dis (“goddess”); from Old Norse Hjǫrdís. Cognate with Icelandic Hjördís and Swedish Hjördis.


Asgeir

From Old Norse Ásgeirr with a shortened /a/ due to the following consonant cluster. See Åsgeir.

a male given name from Old Norse, variant of Åsgeir


Senja

From Old Norse Senja f, of uncertain origin.

An island in Troms, the second-largest island in Norway (not including Svalbard)


Åshild

From Old Norse Áshildr, from ás (“god; one of the Æsir”) + hildr (“battle”).


Sigmund

From Old Norse Sigmundr, from sigr (“victory”) + mundr (“protection”), from Proto-Norse *ᛗᚢᚺᛞᚢᛉ (munduʀ), and ultimately from Proto-Germanic *mundō (“protection, security”). Cognates include Faroese and Icelandic Sigmundur and German Siegmund.


Alver

From Old Norse Alviðra f, from al- (“all”) + veðr (“weather”), referring to harsh weather. Doublet of Alvera (farm in Sogn). Cognate with Icelandic Alviðra.

A farm in Alver municipality, Hordaland, Norway, formerly in Lindås municipality


Gjermund

a male given name from Old Norse, variant of Geirmund


Osmund

From Old Norse Ósmundr, Ásmundr, from ǫ́ss, áss + -mundr

a male given name from Old Norse, equivalent to English Osmond


Åsmund

ås + -mund; from Old Norse Ásmundr, from áss + -mundr. Cognate with Faroese and Icelandic Ásmundur.


Bjørnar

From Old Norse Bjarnar, influenced by the word bjørn (“bear”). Cognate with Danish Bjørner.


Runar

19th century construction of run + -ar; from rún (“secret; rune”), and Proto-Germanic *harjaz or *warjaz. Compare Faroese and Icelandic Rúnar.


Asle

From Old Norse Atli with a change of tl to sl, cf. netle > nesle. Also a short form of names beginning with Asl- (e.g. Asleiv), or from Old Norse Ásli, from Proto-Germanic *Ansilô.

a male given name from Old Norse, variant of Atle, feminine equivalent Asla


Bård

From Old Norse Bárðr, from Bárøðr, *Bǫðfrøðr, from Proto-Norse *ᛒᚨᛞᚢᚠᚱᛁᛞᚢᛉ (*badufriduʀ), from *badwō + *friþuz. Doublet of Bodfrød.


Atle

From Old Norse Atli, from late Proto-Germanic *Attilô, diminutive of *attô (“father”). See Attila. Cognate with Faroese and Icelandic Atli.
As a given name also from atall (“fierce”) as a heiti for the god Thor, and a short form of names beginning with Atl- (e.g. Atlak, a variant of Aslak).

a male given name from Old Norse, feminine equivalent Atla

(historical) Attila the Hun (a feared enemy of the Roman Empire)


Brage

From Old Norse Bragi, from bragr (“first, foremost”) or bragr (“poetry”).


Vetle

A regional form of Vetterlide, Vetlide, from Old Norse Vetrliði, from vetrliði (“one-year-old bear”).


Kolbjørn

From Old Norse Kolbjǫrn, from kol (“coal”) + bjǫrn (“bear”).


Abessinia

(historical) Abyssinia (a former empire in East Africa, consisting of modern-day Ethiopia and Eritrea the Ethiopian Empire,)


Troja

Troy (an ancient city in far northwestern Asia Minor, in modern Turkey)


Brønnøysund

A town (with bystatus) in Brønnøy, Nordland, Norway


Sovjetunionen

From sovjet + unionen (“definite singular of union”).

af

definite singular of <i class="Latn mention" lang="nn">union</i>


Sibirien

The name was given after Siberia (the region in Russia) because of the bad living conditions the road builders experienced when the road was built during the first third of the 20th century.

A place in Northern in Trøndelag, Norway, located on the Sanddøla river


Persson

[ˈpʰèːɾ.sɐ̞̃̌]


Karibia

Caribbean (a region of North America, consisting of the island countries in the Caribbean Sea)


Kristiania

(historical) a former name for Oslo, the capital of Norway, from 1877 to 1925, adopted as an alternative to Christiania; the city's name was changed to Oslo in 1925.

(misspelling) Christiania, an autonomous area in Copenhagen


Kaukasia

(geopolitics) Caucasus (a geopolitical region, consisting of the countries surrounding the Caucasus Mountains in Europe and Asia)


Indiahavet

From India + havet (“definite singular of hav”).

affix

definite singular of <i class="Latn mention" lang="nn">hav</i>


Vågen

Definite singular of våg (“bay, inlet”).

A village in the city of Stavanger, on the island of Hundvåg, Rogaland, Norway.

An inlet forming the innermost part of Gandsfjorden fjord in Rogaland, Norway.


Abkhasia

Abkhazia (a de facto republic in the Caucasus without international recognition)


Loke

From Old Norse Loki, related to loge (“flame”). Cognate with Faroese and Icelandic Loki and Swedish Locke.

Lokje dengjer Bon’e sine.

said when it crackles in burning wood (literally, “Loke is beating his children.”)

Loke Langbein

(folklore) a being, wight (particularly one that lives in the fire):

A ghost that takes children in the night

Flaug daa Loke
fjørhamen dunde,
til ut han kom
av Aasagarden,
og inn han kom
i Jøtunheimen.

1905, “Trymskvida”, in Ivar Mortensson-Egnund, transl., Edda-kvæde: norrøne fornsongar. 1. Gudekvæde, page 22:

Then Loki flew,
the feather-dress whirred,
till out he came
of the gods’ home,
and in he came
to the giants’ realm.

Det var Lòkje Lauvøy,
tok aat sinom veng’e,
flaug han seg so høgt i sky,
nære flaug han sin sprenge.

1905, Ivar Mortensson-Egnund, “Torekall”, in Edda-kvæde: norrøne fornsongar. 1. Gudekvæde, page 22:

Aa de va liten Loke Leiemann
satte sig i Fjederham,
aa saa floug han te Nordenrikji
aat vi de salte Vanne.

1840, Anne Golid, Olea Crøger, Torekall vinn att hamaren sin [Thor gets his hammer back]:

And it was little Loki tenant
put himself in plumage
and then he flew to Northern Realm
to us the salty water.

(Norse mythology) Loki, the god of mischief and trickery, also used as a character in Scandinavian ballades from post-pagan time

(rare) a male given name from Old Norse, of modern usage


Fransk Guyana

French Guiana
French Guiana#English:_Q3769

French Guiana (an overseas department and administrative region of France in South America)


Torlak

From Old Norse Þorlákr, Þorleikr. Made from þórr (“Thor, thunder”) + leikr (“battle, play”).


Olsson

[ˈù̞ːɽ.sɐ̞̃̌]

Contraction of Olavsson, from Olavs + -son (“son”, patronymic).


Arved

Old Norse Arviðr, a variant of Arnviðr, whence also Arnvid and Arnved.


Middelhavet

head

Middelhavet n (singular indefinite Middelhav)

From middel- + havet (definite singular of hav).

af

definite singular of <i class="Latn mention" lang="nn">hav</i>


Knaben

From dialectal form of knabb (in other dialects compare knape, also nabbe in some coastal dialects).

A village in Kvinesdal, Agder, Norway, known for its molybdenum mining history.


Geirmund

From Old Norse Geirmundr, from geirr (“spear”) + -mundr (“protector”), cf. mund (“protection; bride gift”). Cognate with Faroese and Icelandic Geirmundur, Swedish Germund, and Danish Germind.


MDG

(politics) Initialism of Miljøpartiet dei grøne.


Grenland

From Old Norse Grenland, from the stem of *grenir m pl + land. The Grenir were the old tribe that would inhabit the area around the lake Norsjø, probably described by Jordanes as Granniī.


Fridtjof

Learned borrowing from Old Norse Friðþjófr where has been misinterpreted as /f/. Compare the semi-learned Fridtjov, Fredtjov and Fridtjuv.


Fridtjov

from the variant stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn

[²frɪː.çu̞ˑʋ]

[²frɪː.c͡çu̞ˑʋ]

Semi-learned borrowing from Old Norse Friðþjófr, equivalent to fred + tjov. Revived through 19th century literature, but commonly reanalysed as Fridt-jov rather than Frid-tjov, resulting in a pronunciation unexpected of such a compound. Cognate with Icelandic Friðþjófur, Swedish Fritiof and Danish Frithjof.


Berenikes hår

Coma Berenices (small dim summer constellation of the northern sky)


Guttorm

From Old Norse Guðþormr, from guð (“god”) + þormr, from þyrma (“to spare, respect”).


verdsveven

From verd (“world”) + -s- + veven (“the web”).

af

Eg har ei heimesida på verdsveven.

I have a personal web page on the World Wide Web.


Ottar

From Old Norse Óttarr, from Proto-Germanic *Ōhtaharjaz. Akin to English Ohthere.


Bergljot

berg + ljot; from Old Norse Bergljót f and Bergljótr m, from an element meaning “to help, salvate” (compare bjǫrg and bjarga) + ljót f and ljótr m (“light, shining”).


fanden

Likely borrowed from Frisian fannen, fannjen, fännen (“tempter”). Possibly through Danish.


Kartago

Carthage (an ancient city in North Africa, in modern Tunisia)

Carthage (an ancient civilisation in North Africa, centred on the city of Carthage)


Apa

Originally a byname; from an agent noun to Old Norse apa (“to mimic”). Related to ape (“ape”).

a female given name, masculine equivalent Ape


Toten

[ˈtʰǔ̞ː.tń̩]

From Old Norse Þótn m or n, likely derived from þóttr m, from the verb þykkja.

A district of Oppland, Norway, consisting of the municipalities Østre Toten and Vestre Toten


Frigg

From Old Norse Frigg, from Proto-Germanic *Frijjō.


Knudsen

Originally a patronymic; from Danish Knudsen as a Danicisation of Knutsson, from Knut + son (“son”). Compare Danish Knud and -sen.


Knutsen

Originally a patronymic; from a Danicisation of Knutsson, from Knut + son (“son”). Compare Danish Knudsen and -sen.


Tyrifjorden

Definite form; first part from Old Norse Tyr(v)i, from tyri, tyrvi, whence also tyre (dialectal tyri). Second part from fjord (“fjord”).

A lake in Ringerike district, Buskerud, Norway


Rolv

From Old Norse Hrólfr, from *Hróðolfr, *Hróðulfʀ, from Proto-Germanic *Hrōþiwulfaz. Cognate with Faroese Rólvur, Icelandic Hrólfur, German Rudolf and English Rudolph.

Rolf

newer borrowing from the Old Norse written form


Eldbjørg

Newer combination of eld (“fire”) + bjørg (“salvation, help”). Cognate with Faroese Eldbjørg, and Icelandic and Swedish Eldbjörg.
Also a dialectal (Halvemål) variant of Hallbjørg, from Old Norse Hallbjǫrg, from hallr (“stone”) + bjǫrg (“salvation”).


Midgard

From Old Norse Miðgarðr, from miðgarðr, whence also midgard (“middle farm; diaphragm”).


Vesten

From an old adverb vesten, related to the adverb vest.


Storting

From stor (“great, big”) + ting (“assembly, thing”), after Old Norse stórþing, from stórr + þing.

the Storting; the supreme legislature of Norway, the Norwegian parliament.


Hekla

From Icelandic Hekla, from hekla (“cloak”).

Hekla (a stratovolcano in the south of Iceland)


Bera

From Old Norse Bera, from bera (“she-bear”), whence also bere.

a female given name from Old Norse, meaning “she-bear”, masculine equivalent Bjørn


Hel

From Old Norse hel (“death, death realm”), whence also hel (“death”).

(Norse mythology) Hel, the goddess of the realm of the unheroic dead


Hallbjørg

From Old Norse Hallbjǫrg, from hallr (“stone”) + bjǫrg (“salvation”). Cognate with Faroese Hallbjørg and Icelandic Hallbjörg.


Balder

From Old Norse Baldr, from the adjective baldr, ballr (“brave”).


Raudehavet

the Red Sea (sea between Africa and Arabia)


Vigga

(newspapers) A local newspaper in Lesja and Dovre


Embla

From Old Norse Embla, of uncertain origin; possibly from older *Emla, from *Elma, related to almr. Also theorised to come from Proto-Germanic *Ambilǭ.


Danelagen

From dane + lag (“masculine; district or territory”).


Irskesjøen

From irske (“definite of irsk”) + sjøen (“definite of sjø”).

definite of <i class="Latn mention" lang="nn">irsk</i>

definite of <i class="Latn mention" lang="nn">sjø</i>


Frelsesarmeen

From frelse + -s- + arméen, from English Salvation Army.


Alpane

Alps (a mountain range in Western Europe)