-able

Pronunciation of Norwegian Bokmål «-able».ogg

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

-abel (alternative)
-abelt (alternative)

singular definite & plural form of -abel


-ist

From French -iste (“-ist, -istic”), from Latin -ista (“-ist; one who practises or believes”), from Ancient Greek -ιστής (-istḗs), alternative form of -τής (-tḗs), from Proto-Hellenic *-tās, probably from Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ (forms nouns representing state of being).

der

used to form nouns, usually relating to people.


-er

(added to numbers) order, position, value or similar indicated by the numeral


-er

From Danish -er, from Old Norse -ari, from Medieval Latin and Middle Low German words, both from Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz, from Latin -ārius.

(added to verbs) person or thing that does an action indicated by the root verb

(added to place names) person or thing that originates in the place indicated by the place name


-er

suffix added to most of indefinite plural nouns, usually identical to Danish, but unlike Nynorsk and Swedish


-ing

Inherited from Old Norse -ingr m, -ingi m, -ing f, from Proto-Germanic *-ingō, *-ungō.

Han var lei av masing.

Used to form verbal nouns from verbs; -ing.

Færøyene + -ing → færøying


-ium

From Latin -ium (forms names of chemical elements), from -ius (forms adjectives), from Old Latin -iōs, from Proto-Italic *-jos (forms comparative adverbs), from Proto-Indo-European *-yōs ~ *-is- (forms adjectives).

der

akvarium, evangelium, kriterium, kollegium, laboratorium, medium, privilegium, sanatorium, studium

aquarium, gospel, criterion, college, laboratory, medium, privilege, sanatorium, study

Used to form nouns (loanwords) of Greek or Latin origin; -ium

barium, aluminium, beryllium, ammonium

chemical compounds
chemical compounds#English

(chemistry) Used to form nouns denoting chemical compounds, especially elements; -ium

geranium

(botany) Used to form nouns denoting plant designations; -ium

alluvium, kambrium, ordovicium

(geology) Used to form nouns denoting geological designations; -ium


-s

From Danish -s, from Old Norse -sk, a grammaticalisation of Proto-Germanic *sek (reflexive pronoun).

Used to form the passive voice of verbs.


-en

-enet (definite neuter singular)
-enen (definite masculine singular)
-en (indefinite plural)
-ener (indefinite plural)
-enene (definite plural)
-ena (definite plural)

From Ancient Greek -ηνή (-ēnḗ), feminine form of -ηνός (-ēnós, added to place name to form an adjective), from -νός (-nós), alternative form of -νος (-nos), from Proto-Indo-European *-nós (creates verbal adjectives from roots).

acetylen, benzen

(organic chemistry) Used to form nouns denoting alkynes; -ene

etylen, propylen

(organic chemistry) Used to form nouns denoting alkenes; -ene


-on

-onet (definite neuter singular)
-on (indefinite plural)
-oner (indefinite plural)
-onene (definite plural)
-ona (definite plural)

A new formation from words such as ion (“ion”), from Ancient Greek -ου (-ou), neuter of -ος (-os), from Proto-Indo-European *-os (creates nouns from verb stems).

proton, elektron, nøytron, boson, gluon

subatomic particle
subatomic particle#English

(physics, mathematics and biology) Used to form nouns denoting subatomic particles, quanta, molecular units, or substances; -on

aceton, testosteron, kodon

(chemistry, biology, genetics) Used to form nouns denoting certain organic compounds; -one, -on


-on

-onet (definite neuter singular)
definite singular masculine -onen (definite neuter singular)
-on (indefinite plural)
-oner (indefinite plural)
-onene (definite plural)
-ona (definite plural)

radon, orlon, rayon

(chemistry) Used to form nouns denoting chemical substances and industrial products; -on


-is

-isen (definite singular)
-iser (indefinite plural)
-isene (definite plural)

From Swedish -is (diminutive suffix), from Latin -is.

Used to form nouns from adjectives, verbs and other nouns


-ment

-mentet (definite neuter singular)
-menten (definite masculine singular)
-ment (indefinite plural)
-menter (indefinite plural)
-mentene (definite plural)
-menta (definite plural)

dokument, eksperiment, fundament, instrument, medikament, pigment

document, experiment, foundation, instrument, drug, pigment

Used to form nouns from verbal stems, often denoting an action, means or state; -ment


-ment

abonnement, arrangement, bombardement, resonnement, signalement

subscription, event, bombardment, reasoning, signaling

Used to form nouns often denoting action, means or state; -ment


-het

From Middle Low German -hēt, -heit, from Old Saxon -hēd, from Proto-Germanic *haiduz (“manner, way; state”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)keyt-, *(s)keydʰ- (“clear, bright, shining”).
Cognate with Danish -hed, Swedish -het, German -heit, Dutch -heid and English -hood.

kjølig - kjølighet (cool - coolness)

Suffix giving an adjective a nounal meaning; -ness -ity.


-et

Forms the definite singular of neuter nouns.


-et

Derived from Danish -et (past participle suffix), generalised to the past tense (Danish -ede) through influence of native Norwegian dialects.

der+

Forms the past tense and past participle of class-1 weak verbs.


-ig

From -ugr, Old Norse -igr (“-y”), from *-ugaz, Proto-Germanic *-īgaz (“-y”), from *-gaz (“-y”), from Proto-Indo-European *-kos, *-ḱos (“-y”).
Certain words also from Low German -ig (“-y”) or German -ig (“-y”), from Middle High German -ec, -ic, from Old High German -ig, from Proto-West Germanic *-g, from Proto-Germanic *-gaz (“-y”), from Proto-Indo-European *-kos (“-y”).


-dom

Suffix used to form nouns out of adjectives, meaning the quality, property or condition of the adjective.


-ol

used to form nouns, often relating to chemistry.


-ene

suffix added to most definite plural nouns


-ator

Borrowed from Latin -ātor (“-ator, -er”), a form of -tor (“-er”), from Proto-Italic *-tōr, from Proto-Indo-European *-tōr < *-tor-s.


-ere

From Old Norse -era, through Middle High German -ieren, from Old French -ier, from Latin -āre.
Cognate to French -er, German -ieren and Swedish -era.

Used in verbs derived from Latin, French or German, indicating the action of doing the first part of the word; such as revolusjonere (“to revolutionise”), from revolusjon (“revolution”). Equivalent in meaning to English -ize.


-gen

From French -gène, from Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs).


-øs

From German -ös, from French -eux, from Latin -ōsus.


-isk

From Old Norse -iskr, from Proto-Germanic *-iskaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos.
Cognate with Danish -isk, German -isch, Dutch -s, English -ish, and Ancient Greek diminutive suffix -ισκος (-iskos).


-sk

From Old Norse -iskr, -skr, from Proto-Germanic *-iskaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos.

-ish (of a nationality, or the language associated with a nationality)

used to form adjectives from nouns and verbs.


-isme

From French -isme (“-ism”), from Latin -isma, -ismus (“-ism”), from Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós, forms abstract nouns), from -μός (-mós, forms abstract nouns), from Proto-Indo-European *-mos or *-mós (creates nouns).


-log

-logen (definite singular)
-loger (indefinite plural)
-logene (definite plural)
-olog (alternative)

From Ancient Greek -λόγος (-lógos, “-logist”), from λέγω (légō, “I arrange; say”), from Proto-Indo-European *leǵ- (“to gather, collect”).

der

arkeolog, egyptolog, ornitolog, hippolog

archaeologist, Egyptologist, ornithologist, hippologist

(sciences) -logist, -log (a person who studies or is an expert in the related -logy (Norwegian Bokmål: -logi))

dialog, monolog, epilog, nekrolog, prolog

dialogue, monologue, epilogue, obituary, prologue

-logue, -log (used to denote discourse of a specified kind; or a compilement of something)


-log

-logt (neuter singular)
-loge (definite plural)
-olog (alternative)

heterolog, homolog

Used to form adjectives meaning equivalent to something; -logous


-vis

Cognate with English -wise and German -erweise, from the same root as the noun vis

suffix for creating adverbs and adjectives out of adjectives and nouns


-ferdig

From ferdig (“ready”), from Old Norse ferðugr, probably influenced by Middle Low German verdich, in reality "ready for ferd (“travel”)", from Old Norse ferð, related to fare (“travel”).

Used for making adjectives from nouns: the quality of being ready for.

Used for making adjectives from nouns: being imbued with the quality of.

Used for making adjectives from adjectives: the quality of being inclined to be what the first part mentions.

Used for making adjectives from verbs: the quality of being ready to or on the verge of.


-ferdig

Related to ferdighet (“skill, ability”), also før (“able”)

Used for making adjectives from nouns: the quality of being skillful with regards to.

Used for making adjectives from verbs: the quality of being able to.


-skap

From Old Norse -skapr, from Proto-Germanic *-skapiz. Cognate with English -scape and -ship. When Norwegian borrowed words from Dutch, Middle Low German, or Middle High German or German containing the suffixes -schap or -schaft, it used this suffix to loan-translate those as well.


-isere

To produce verbs from adjectives meaning to make; -ise, -ize.


-yl

-ylet (definite neuter singular)
-ylen (definite masculine singular)
-yl (indefinite plural)
-yler (indefinite plural)
-ylene (definite plural)
-yla (definite plural)

A new formation from Ancient Greek ὕλη (húlē, “wood, forest; material, matter”), from Proto-Indo-European *swel-, *sel- (“firewood, wood, beam”).

der

acetyl, akryl, etyl, fenyl, salisyl

(organic chemistry) Used to form nouns denoting chemical compounds; -yl


-lig

Inherited from Old Norse -ligr (“-y, -ly, -like”), from Proto-Germanic *-līkaz (“-like, -ly”), from *līką (“body; corpse, dead body”), from Proto-Indo-European *leyg- (“similar, like; image, likeness”). Cognate with English -ly and German -lich.

inh

-le or -ly, used to form adjectives from nouns, the adjectives having the sense of "like or characteristic of what is denoted by the noun"

-ly, used to form adverbs from nouns, the adverbs having the sense of "degree or characteristic of what is denoted by the noun"


-bar

-able (in broad terms, but not always). This suffix converts nouns and verbs to adjectives, as well as modifying other adjectives.


-else

-elset (definite neuter singular)
-elsen (definite masculine singular)
-elser (indefinite plural)
-elsene (definite plural)
-elsa (definite plural)

Mostly from Danish -else, from Old Danish -ælsæ -ilse, with metathesis of -sl- to -ls- from Old Saxon -isli, -islo.
Also from West Germanic loanwords, partly with metathesis of suffixes -sel and -sle from Middle Low German -nisse, from Old Saxon -nissi, from Proto-West Germanic *-nassī (forms abstract nouns), from *-nass, from Proto-Germanic *-inassuz + *-ī, from Proto-Germanic *-į̄, from Proto-Indo-European *-i-h₂, from *-h₂ (creates collective nouns).

der

avgjørelse, forståelse, anfektelse, bebudelse, oppstandelse

decision, understanding, challenge, proclamation, resurrection

Used to form verbal nouns denoting an action.

drøftelse, oversettelse, tilretteleggelse, utdannelse

discussion, translation, facilitation, education

Used to form verbal nouns synonymous with the -ing ending.

forbindelse, lignelse

Used to form verbal nouns denoting a different meaning than the -ing ending.

skrivelse, spøkelse, stivelse

Used to form verbal nouns with a specific meaning, usually the result of an action


-lending

-lending (indefinite masculine singular)
-lendingen (definite masculine singular)
-lendinger (indefinite masculine plural)
-lendingene (definite masculine plural)

a person from a certain part of Norway or from a particular country; e.g. sørlending ("person from Southern Norway") or islending ("Icelander")


-ologi

-ologien (definite singular)
-ologier (indefinite plural)
-ologiene (definite plural)
-logi (alternative)

From Ancient Greek -λογία (-logía), from λόγος (lógos, “explanation”) (with the suffix -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā, abstract noun suffix), from Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂ (creates collective nouns)), from λέγω (légō, “I say, speak”), from Proto-Indo-European *leǵ- (“to gather, collect”).


-logi

-logien (definite singular)
-logier (indefinite plural)
-logiene (definite plural)
-ologi (alternative)

arkeologi, geologi, teologi, kronologi, morfologi

archeology, geology, theology, chronology, morphology

-logy (a branch of learning; a study of a particular subject)

antologi, tautologi, trilogi

-logy (something said, or a way of speaking, a narrative)


-leis

From Old Norse -leiðis, genitive of leiði.

suffix used to create words describing in which manner something is.


-nad

suffix used to create nouns, particularly from verbs; but also from adjectives


-grafi

From the Ancient Greek verb γράφω (gráphō).


-eri

used to form nouns from verbs and other nouns


-inne

skuespiller - skuespillerinne (actor (female) - actress)

Suffix giving the feminine version of certain nouns. Compare with -inna (Swedish), -inde (Danish) and -in (German)


-dømme

indicating a domain, an area of rule or power, more or less equivalent to -dom in English.


-båren

-borne (carried by something); used to form adjectives.


-holdig

containing the item specified before the suffix.


-gjenger

added to nouns and adjectives, sometimes it can mean -goer in English.


-klasses

used to create adjectives relating to class or quality.


-itt

used to form endings for nouns, usually corresponding to -ite and -itis in English, and in a few cases for adjectives.


-skop

equivalent to -scope (used to make terms denoting an instrument used for viewing or examination)


-sjon

From Latin -io, -sio and -tio; via French -sion and -tion.

equivalent to -ation, -tion (used to create nouns from verbs loaned from other languages).


-håret

equivalent to -haired (used in combination with hair colours and hair length)


-pati

From Ancient Greek πάθος (páthos, “suffering”).

used to form endings of nouns relating to suffering and feeling.


-tydig

From the verb tyde (to interpret, to imply).

used to form endings of some adjectives.


-boer

relating to how and where people live; dweller.


-eder

From Ancient Greek ἕδρα (hédra, “face of a geometrical solid”).


-abel

head

-abel (neuter singular -abelt, definite singular -able, plural -able)

-abelt (neuter singular)
-able (definite singular)
-able (plural)

Pronunciation of Norwegian Bokmål «-abel».ogg

From Latin -ābilis, via many words deriving from French -able (“able”), from Middle French -able, from Old French -able.
Also see the related suffix -ibel.

akseptabel, diskutabel, risikabel, tolerabel

Used to form adjectives which are capable of performing or being the subject of a specified action; -able

formidabel, komfortabel, kapabel, laudabel, miserabel

formidable, comfortable, capable, laudable, miserable

Used to form adjectives which have a certain quality or a certain character; -able

doktorabel, professorabel

(humorous) Used to form adjectives which have the prospect of becoming or being made the first term expression


-formet

-formet (neuter singular -formet, definite singular and plural -formede or -formete)

-formet (neuter singular)
-formede (definite plural singular)
-formete (definite plural singular)
-forma (alternative)


-tekt

derived from the verb ta, used to form nouns.


-sylindret

-cylinder (having a certain number of cylinders; used to form adjectives)


-sifret

-digit (attributive; preceded by a number, e.g. five-digit)


-fon

From Ancient Greek φωνή (phōnḗ, “sound”).


-maker

From Old Norse -makari and Low German -maker, also from English maker in certain loanwords such as bookmaker and pacemaker. Compare with Danish -mager and German Macher.


-tøy

used in compound words derived from the noun tøy, relating to tools and equipment, also foods.


-væring

especially in Central and Northern Norway, added to a place name to form demonyms denoting a person from that place.


-verdig

From the adjective verdig. In most occasions, from Danish -værdig.


-ikk

From German -ik, French -ique, from Latin -icus, -ica, from Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós), -ῐκή (-ĭkḗ).


-forma

forms adjectives relating to shape from nouns


-trof

From Ancient Greek τροφή (trophḗ, “nourishment”).


-aner

used to form nouns relating to people, often derived from the names of countries


-taker

A variant of -tager, from tage (as in Danish), an old form of ta, + -er

added to words to indicate someone who takes


-arki

-arkiet (definite neuter singular)
-arkier (indefinite plural)
-arkiene (definite plural)

From Ancient Greek -αρχίᾱ (-arkhíā), from ἀρχή (arkhḗ, “rule, government”).


-abelt

Pronunciation of Norwegian Bokmål «-abelt».ogg


-menten

singular masculine definite form of -ment


-olog

-ologen (definite masculine singular)
-ologer (indefinite plural)
-ologene (definite plural)
-log (alternative)

From Ancient Greek λόγος (lógos, “word, speech; reason”), from λέγω (légō, “I arrange; say”), from Proto-Indo-European *leǵ- (“to gather, collect”).


-olog

-ologt (neuter singular)
-ologe (definite plural)
-log (alternative)


-ologiene

/ʊlʊˈɡiːənə/


-ert

-erten (definite singular)
-erter (indefinite plural)
-ertene (definite plural)

From Low German -ert, in some cases probably through Månsing slang.

slubbert

Used to form nouns denoting people or animals

knallert

Used to form nouns denoting things, tools, vehicles or vessels

dukkert

dryppert

Used to form nouns denoting a state or disease


-elsen

singular masculine definite form of -else


-fili

From Ancient Greek φιλία (philía, “(fraternal) love”).