néíłʼah

náshʼah (first-person imperfective singular)
néiilʼah (duoplural first-person imperfective)
nídeiilʼah (first-person imperfective plural)
náníłʼah (imperfective second-person singular)
náłʼah (duoplural imperfective second-person)
nídaałʼah (imperfective plural second-person)
néíłʼah (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
nídeiłʼah (imperfective plural third-person)
níjíłʼah (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
nídajiłʼah (fourth-person imperfective plural)
níséłʼah (first-person perfective singular)
nísiilʼah (duoplural first-person perfective)
nídasiilʼah (first-person perfective plural)
nísíníłʼah (perfective second-person singular)
nísoołʼah (duoplural perfective second-person)
nídasoołʼah (perfective plural second-person)
néísʼah (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
nídeisʼah (perfective plural third-person)
níjísʼah (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
nídajisʼah (fourth-person perfective plural)

ná- (thematic) + -y- (3rd person object prefix) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -ʼah (conclusive imperfective stem of root -ʼAH, “to butcher”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ʼah</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ʼAH</i>


ółtaʼ

object (unspecified)
ííníshtaʼ (first-person imperfective singular)
ííníiltaʼ (duoplural first-person imperfective)
daʼííníiltaʼ (first-person imperfective plural)
ííníłtaʼ (imperfective second-person singular)
íínółtaʼ (duoplural imperfective second-person)
daʼíínółtaʼ (imperfective plural second-person)
ółtaʼ (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
daʼółtaʼ (imperfective plural third-person)
ájółtaʼ (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
daʼjółtaʼ (fourth-person imperfective plural)
ííłtaʼ (first-person perfective singular)
íiltaʼ (duoplural first-person perfective)
daʼíiltaʼ (first-person perfective plural)
ííníłtaʼ (perfective second-person singular)
óołtaʼ (duoplural perfective second-person)
daʼóołtaʼ (perfective plural second-person)
ííłtaʼ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
daʼííłtaʼ (perfective plural third-person)
ájííłtaʼ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
daʼjííłtaʼ (fourth-person perfective plural)
íídéeshtah (first-person future singular)
íídíiltah (duoplural first-person future)
daʼíídíiltah (first-person future plural)
íídííłtah (future second-person singular)
íídóołtah (duoplural future second-person)
daʼíídóołtah (future plural second-person)
íídóołtah (duoplural future singular third-person)
daʼíídóołtah (future plural third-person)
íízhdóołtah (duoplural fourth-person future singular)
daʼíízhdóołtah (fourth-person future plural)
náʼííníshtah (first-person singular)
náʼííníiltah (duoplural first-person)
ńdaʼííníiltah (first-person plural)
náʼííníłtah (second-person singular)
náʼíínółtah (duoplural second-person)
ńdaʼíínółtah (plural second-person)
náʼółtah (duoplural singular third-person)
ńdaʼółtah (plural third-person)
náʼjółtah (duoplural fourth-person singular)
ńdaʼjółtah (fourth-person plural)
óoshtaʼ (first-person singular)
óoltaʼ (duoplural first-person)
daʼóoltaʼ (first-person plural)
óółtaʼ (second-person singular)
óołtaʼ (duoplural second-person)
daʼóołtaʼ (plural second-person)
óltaʼ (duoplural singular third-person)
daʼółtaʼ (plural third-person)
ajółtaʼ (duoplural fourth-person singular)
daʼjółtaʼ (fourth-person plural)

ʼa- (unspecified person object prefix) + -ó- (“directed at”, combining form of yíní- in the 3rd person) + -ł- (classifier) + -taʼ (imperfective stem of root -TAʼ, “to read”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-taʼ</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-TAʼ</i>

Diné bizaad baa ííníshtaʼ

Shaʼáłchíní áadi daʼółtaʼ.

he/she is attending school, goes to school


iizhííd

iishííd (first-person imperfective singular)
iijííd (duoplural first-person imperfective)
adeiijííd (first-person imperfective plural)
anizhííd (imperfective second-person singular)
oohshííd (duoplural imperfective second-person)
adaahshííd (imperfective plural second-person)
iizhííd (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
adaazhííd (imperfective plural third-person)
ajizhííd (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
adajizhííd (fourth-person imperfective plural)
iishííł (first-person singular)
iijííł (duoplural first-person)
adeiijííł (first-person plural)
anizhííł (second-person singular)
oohshííł (duoplural second-person)
adaahshííł (plural second-person)
iizhííł (duoplural singular third-person)
adaazhííł (plural third-person)
ajizhííł (duoplural fourth-person singular)
adajizhííł (fourth-person plural)
íízhil (first-person perfective singular)
iijil (duoplural first-person perfective)
adashiijil (first-person perfective plural)
íínízhil (perfective second-person singular)
oozhil (duoplural perfective second-person)
adashoozhil (perfective plural second-person)
íízhil (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
adaazhil (perfective plural third-person)
ajíízhil (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
adajizhil (fourth-person perfective plural)

ʼa- (“away”) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -zhííd (imperfective stem of root -ZHIL, “to breathe”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-zhííd</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ZHIL</i>

he/she is breathing in, inhaling, gasping


nádleeh

náshdleeh (first-person imperfective singular)
néiidleeh (duoplural first-person imperfective)
nídeiidleeh (first-person imperfective plural)
nánídleeh (imperfective second-person singular)
náhdleeh (duoplural imperfective second-person)
nídaahdleeh (imperfective plural second-person)
nádleeh (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
nídaadleeh (imperfective plural third-person)
níjídleeh (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
nídajidleeh (fourth-person imperfective plural)
náhádleeh (spatial-person)
nísísdlį́į́ʼ (first-person perfective singular)
nísiidlį́į́ʼ (duoplural first-person perfective)
nídasiidlį́į́ʼ (first-person perfective plural)
nísínídlį́į́ʼ (perfective second-person singular)
nísoohdlį́į́ʼ (duoplural perfective second-person)
nídasoohdlį́į́ʼ (perfective plural second-person)
násdlį́į́ʼ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
nídaasdlį́į́ʼ (perfective plural third-person)
níjísdlį́į́ʼ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
nídajisdlį́į́ʼ (fourth-person perfective plural)
náhásdlį́į́ʼ (spatial-person)

ná- (“back”, reversionary) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -d- (classifier, shift triggered by ná-) + -leeh (imperfective stem of root -LĮ́Į́ʼ, “to become”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-leeh</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-LĮ́Į́ʼ</i>

(reversionary of yileeh,“to become”) he/she is reverting to a previous state or condition


diiłheeł

diishheeł (first-person imperfective singular)
diilyeeł (duoplural first-person imperfective)
dadiilyeeł (first-person imperfective plural)
diiłheeł (imperfective second-person singular)
doołheeł (duoplural imperfective second-person)
dadoołheeł (imperfective plural second-person)
diiłheeł (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
dadiiłheeł (imperfective plural third-person)
jidiiłheeł (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dazhdiiłheeł (fourth-person imperfective plural)
diiłheel (first-person perfective singular)
diilyeel (duoplural first-person perfective)
dadiilyeel (first-person perfective plural)
diniłheel (perfective second-person singular)
doołheel (duoplural perfective second-person)
dadoołheel (perfective plural second-person)
diiłheel (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
dadiiłheel (perfective plural third-person)
jidiiłheel (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
dazhdiiłheel (fourth-person perfective plural)
dideeshhił (first-person future singular)
didiilhił (duoplural first-person future)
dadidiilhił (first-person future plural)
didííłhił (future second-person singular)
didoołhił (duoplural future second-person)
dadidoołhił (future plural second-person)
didoołhił (duoplural future singular third-person)
dadidoołhił (future plural third-person)
jididoołhił (duoplural fourth-person future singular)
dazhdidoołhił (fourth-person future plural)

di- (“oral”) + -yi- (transitional) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -yeeł (imperfective stem of root -YÉÉL, “to be calm”).
The root onset, originally *gh (> y), devoices after ł-classifier: ł + ghéél > ł + héél.

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-yeeł</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-YÉÉL</i>

(intransitive) he/she is calming down, becoming quiet

Second-person singular imperfective form of diiłheeł


yiyiiłbááh

yiishbááh (first-person imperfective singular)
yiilbááh (duoplural first-person imperfective)
deiilbááh (first-person imperfective plural)
yiiłbááh (imperfective second-person singular)
woołbááh (duoplural imperfective second-person)
daoołbááh (imperfective plural second-person)
yiyiiłbááh (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
dayiiłbááh (imperfective plural third-person)
jiiłbááh (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dajiiłbááh (fourth-person imperfective plural)
yiiłbaʼ (first-person perfective singular)
yiilbaʼ (duoplural first-person perfective)
deiilbaʼ (first-person perfective plural)
yiniłbaʼ (perfective second-person singular)
woołbaʼ (duoplural perfective second-person)
daoołbaʼ (perfective plural second-person)
yiyiiłbaʼ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
dayiiłbaʼ (perfective plural third-person)
jiiłbaʼ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
dajiiłbaʼ (fourth-person perfective plural)

y- (3rd person object prefix) + -yi- (transitional) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier, causative) + -bááh (transitional imperfective stem of root -BAʼ, “to be gray”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-bááh</i>

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-BAʼ</i>


neishood

naashood (first-person imperfective singular)
neiilzhood (duoplural first-person imperfective)
nideiilzhood (first-person imperfective plural)
nanishood (imperfective second-person singular)
naahshood (duoplural imperfective second-person)
nidaahshood (imperfective plural second-person)
neishood (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
nideishood (imperfective plural third-person)
nijishood (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
nidajishood (fourth-person imperfective plural)
nishéshóód (first-person perfective singular)
nishiilzhóód (duoplural first-person perfective)
nidashiilzhóód (first-person perfective plural)
nishíníshóód (perfective second-person singular)
nishooshóód (duoplural perfective second-person)
nidashooshóód (perfective plural second-person)
neishóód (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
nideishóód (perfective plural third-person)
nijishóód (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
nidajishóód (fourth-person perfective plural)
ndeeshoł (first-person future singular)
ndiilzhoł (duoplural first-person future)
ndadiilzhoł (first-person future plural)
ndííshoł (future second-person singular)
ndoohshoł (duoplural future second-person)
ndadoohshoł (future plural second-person)
neidooshoł (duoplural future singular third-person)
ndeidooshoł (future plural third-person)
nizhdooshoł (duoplural fourth-person future singular)
ndazhdooshoł (fourth-person future plural)

na- (atelic, circuital) + -y- (3rd person object prefix) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier, causative) + -zhood (continuative imperfective stem of root -ZHÓÓD, “a bulky object moves, slides”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-zhood</i>

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ZHÓÓD</i>

nv-link-to-root

he/she is dragging it around, hauling it around


iisááł

iisááł (first-person imperfective singular)
iilzááł (duoplural first-person imperfective)
adeiilzááł (first-person imperfective plural)
anisááł (imperfective second-person singular)
oohsááł (duoplural imperfective second-person)
adaahsááł (imperfective plural second-person)
iisááł (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
adaasááł (imperfective plural third-person)
ajisááł (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
adajisááł (fourth-person imperfective plural)
íísaal (first-person perfective singular)
iilzaal (duoplural first-person perfective)
adasiilzaal (first-person perfective plural)
íínísaal (perfective second-person singular)
oosaal (duoplural perfective second-person)
adasoosaal (perfective plural second-person)
íísaal (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
adaasaal (perfective plural third-person)
ajíísaal (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
adajisaal (fourth-person perfective plural)

ʼa- (“away”) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -zááł (imperfective stem of root -ZAAL, “to dash”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-zááł</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ZAAL</i>

he/she is running away, speeding away, dashing away

First-person singular imperfective form of iisááł


yighą́

yishhą́ (first-person imperfective singular)
yiigą́ (duoplural first-person imperfective)
deiigą́ (first-person imperfective plural)
nighą́ (imperfective second-person singular)
wohhą́ (duoplural imperfective second-person)
daahhą́ (imperfective plural second-person)
yighą́ (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
deighą́ (imperfective plural third-person)
jighą́ (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dajighą́ (fourth-person imperfective plural)
yíghą́ą́ʼ (first-person perfective singular)
yiigą́ą́ʼ (duoplural first-person perfective)
deiigą́ą́ʼ (first-person perfective plural)
yíníghą́ą́ʼ (perfective second-person singular)
wooghą́ą́ʼ (duoplural perfective second-person)
daooghą́ą́ʼ (perfective plural second-person)
yiyííghą́ą́ʼ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
dayííghą́ą́ʼ (perfective plural third-person)
jííghą́ą́ʼ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
dajííghą́ą́ʼ (fourth-person perfective plural)

y- (3rd person object prefix) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -ghą́ (imperfective stem of root -GHĄ́Ą́ʼ, “to kill 2+ objects”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ghą́</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-GHĄ́Ą́ʼ</i>


yiłąąh

yishłąąh (first-person imperfective singular)
yiidląąh (duoplural first-person imperfective)
deiidląąh (first-person imperfective plural)
niłąąh (imperfective second-person singular)
wohłąąh (duoplural imperfective second-person)
daahłąąh (imperfective plural second-person)
yiłąąh (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
deiłąąh (imperfective plural third-person)
jiłąąh (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dajiłąąh (fourth-person imperfective plural)
yíłąąd (first-person perfective singular)
yiidląąd (duoplural first-person perfective)
deiidląąd (first-person perfective plural)
yíníłąąd (perfective second-person singular)
woołąąd (duoplural perfective second-person)
daoołąąd (perfective plural second-person)
yiyííłąąd (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
dayííłąąd (perfective plural third-person)
jííłąąd (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
dajííłąąd (fourth-person perfective plural)

y- (3rd person object prefix) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier, causative) + -ląąh (imperfective stem of root -LĄĄD, “to increase”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ląąh</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-LĄĄD</i>

he/she is increasing the number of them, producing many of them


íílééh

áshłééh (first-person imperfective singular)
íílnééh (duoplural first-person imperfective)
ádeiilnééh (first-person imperfective plural)
ánílééh (imperfective second-person singular)
óhłééh (duoplural imperfective second-person)
ádaahłééh (imperfective plural second-person)
íílééh (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
ádeilééh (imperfective plural third-person)
ájílééh (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
ádajilééh (fourth-person imperfective plural)
álnééh (passive)
ábiʼdilnééh (agentive passive)
áshłaa (first-person perfective singular)
íishłaa (first-person perfective singular)
íilyaa (duoplural first-person perfective)
ádeiilyaa (first-person perfective plural)
íinilaa (perfective second-person singular)
óohłaa (duoplural perfective second-person)
ádaoohłaa (perfective plural second-person)
áyiilaa (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
ádayiilaa (perfective plural third-person)
ájiilaa (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
ádajiilaa (fourth-person perfective plural)
ályaa (passive)
ábiʼdiilyaa (agentive passive)
ádeeshłííł (first-person future singular)
ádiilnííł (duoplural first-person future)
ádadiilnííł (first-person future plural)
ádíílííł (future second-person singular)
ádoohłííł (duoplural future second-person)
ádadoohłííł (future plural second-person)
íidoolííł (duoplural future singular third-person)
ádeidoolííł (future plural third-person)
ázhdoolííł (duoplural fourth-person future singular)
ádazhdoolííł (fourth-person future plural)
ádoolnííł (passive)
ábidiʼdoolnííł (agentive passive)
ánéishʼįįh (first-person singular)
ánéiilʼįįh (duoplural first-person)
áńdeiilʼįįh (first-person plural)
ánéilʼįįh (second-person singular)
ánáoołʼįįh (duoplural second-person)
áńdaoołʼįįh (plural second-person)
ánáyiilʼįįh (duoplural singular third-person)
áńdayiilʼįįh (plural third-person)
áńjiilʼįįh (duoplural fourth-person singular)
áńdajiilʼįįh (fourth-person plural)

ʼá- (“thus”) + -y- (3rd person object prefix) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -nééh (imperfective stem of root -YAA, “to make”).
Classifier and stem-initial merge as follows:
* ł + -nééh > -∅-lééh
* ł + -yaa > -∅-laa
The stem initial reappears under d-effect (1st person duoplural and passives):
* d + ł + -nééh > -l-nééh
* d + ł + -yaa > -l-yaa.

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-nééh</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-YAA</i>

Bááh ádeiilnééh.

(with łahgo) he/she is changing it, altering it


yiyiishį́į́h

yiishį́į́h (first-person imperfective singular)
yiilzhį́į́h (duoplural first-person imperfective)
deiilzhį́į́h (first-person imperfective plural)
yiishį́į́h (imperfective second-person singular)
woohshį́į́h (duoplural imperfective second-person)
daoohshį́į́h (imperfective plural second-person)
yiyiishį́į́h (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
dayiishį́į́h (imperfective plural third-person)
jiishį́į́h (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dajiishį́į́h (fourth-person imperfective plural)
yiishį́į́ʼ (first-person perfective singular)
yiilzhį́į́ʼ (duoplural first-person perfective)
deiilzhį́į́ʼ (first-person perfective plural)
yinishį́į́ʼ (perfective second-person singular)
wooshį́į́ʼ (duoplural perfective second-person)
daooshį́į́ʼ (perfective plural second-person)
yiyiishį́į́ʼ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
dayiishį́į́ʼ (perfective plural third-person)
jiishį́į́ʼ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
dajiishį́į́ʼ (fourth-person perfective plural)

y- (3rd person object prefix) + -yi- (transitional) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier, causative) + -zhį́į́h (transitional imperfective stem of root -ZHĮ́Į́ʼ, “to be black”).

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-zhį́į́h</i>

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ZHĮ́Į́ʼ</i>

he/she is turning it black, he/she is blackening it


nteel

Alternative form of niteel (“it is wide, broad”)


áníłtsááz

ʼá- (comparative) + -ní- (comparative) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -l- (classifier) + -tsaaz (imperfective stem of root -TSAAZ, “to be thick”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-tsaaz</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-TSAAZ</i>


áłtsʼíísí

ánístsʼíísí (first-person imperfective singular)
ániiltsʼíísí (duoplural first-person imperfective)
ádaniiltsʼíísí (first-person imperfective plural)
áníłtsʼíísí (imperfective second-person singular)
ánółtsʼíísí (duoplural imperfective second-person)
ádanołtsʼíísí (imperfective plural second-person)
áłtsʼíísí (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
ádaałtsʼíísí (imperfective plural third-person)
ájíłtsʼíísí (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
ádajíłtsʼíísí (fourth-person imperfective plural)
áłtsʼísí (alternative)

/ʔɑ́ɬt͡sʼíːsɪ́/

ʼá- (comparative) + -∅- (ni-modal 3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -tsʼíísí (neuter imperfective stem of root -TSʼÍÍSÍ, “to be small”)

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-tsʼíísí</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-TSʼÍÍSÍ</i>

Shighan áłtsʼíísí yeeʼ.


áłtsʼóózí

ánístsʼóózí (first-person imperfective singular)
ániiltsʼóózí (duoplural first-person imperfective)
ádaniiltsʼóózí (first-person imperfective plural)
áníłtsʼóózí (imperfective second-person singular)
ánółtsʼóózí (duoplural imperfective second-person)
ádanołtsʼóózí (imperfective plural second-person)
áłtsʼóózí (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
ádaałtsʼóózí (imperfective plural third-person)
ájíłtsʼóózí (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
ádajíłtsʼóózí (fourth-person imperfective plural)
áhoołtsʼóózí (spatial-person)

/ʔɑ́ɬt͡sʼóːzɪ́/

ʼá- (comparative) + -∅- (ni-modal 3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -tsʼóóz (imperfective stem of root -TSʼÓÓZÍ, “to be slender”) + -í (nominalizing suffix), resulting noun later repurposed as a verb.

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-tsʼóóz</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-TSʼÓÓZÍ</i>


áłtʼą́ą́ʼígo

head

áłtʼą́ą́ʼígo

/ʔɑ́ɬtʼɑ̃́ːʔɪ́kò/

Nahasdzáán áłtʼą́ą́ʼígo dah sikaad.


sikaad

si- (modal) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -kaad (neuter perfective stem of root -KAAD, “flatness moves or stands”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-kaad</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-KAAD</i>

it lies, spreads out, is in position (a spreading object as a brush, vegetation, fog, a blanket, a sheet of ice or a body of water)


sikʼaz

si- (modal) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -kʼaz (neuter perfective stem of root -KʼAAZ, “to be cold”).

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-kʼaz</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-KʼAAZ</i>


deeskʼaaz

/tèːskʼɑ̀ːz/

it (the weather) is cold (perfective form of diłkʼáás, “to start to get cold”)


kʼézdon

kʼí- (“straight”) + -z- (si-perfective 3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -don (neuter perfective stem of root -DǪǪD, “to straighten up”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-don</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-DǪǪD</i>


deení

di- (thematic) + -ee- (ni-modal 3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -ní (neuter imperfective stem of root -NÍ, “to be sharp”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ní</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-NÍ</i>

doo deení da


dilkǫǫh

di- (adjectival) + -∅- (ni-modal 3rd person subject prefix) + -l- (classifier) + -kǫǫh (imperfective stem of root -KǪʼ, “to be smooth”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-kǫǫh</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-KǪʼ</i>


daatsaah

daastsaah (first-person imperfective singular)
danitsaah (imperfective second-person singular)
daatsaah (imperfective singular third-person)
dajitsaah (fourth-person imperfective singular)
dasétsą́ (first-person perfective singular)
dasínítsą́ (perfective second-person singular)
daaztsą́ (perfective singular third-person)
dajiztsą́ (fourth-person perfective singular)
dadeestsaał (first-person future singular)
dadíítsaał (future second-person singular)
dadootsaał (future singular third-person)
dazhdootsaał (fourth-person future singular)
daostsaał (first-person singular)
daóótsaał (second-person singular)
daotsaał (singular third-person)
dajótsaał (fourth-person singular)

/tɑ̀ːt͡sʰɑ̀ːh/

da- (“death”, disjunct prefix) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -tsaah (imperfective stem of root -TSĄ́, “to die — 1 actor”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-tsaah</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-TSĄ́</i>

Shizhéʼé sitsʼą́ą́ʼ daaztsą́.

Ooljééʼ daaztsą́.

(with ooljééʼ or jóhonaaʼéí) there is an eclipse


diltłiʼ

di- (“fire”) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -l- (classifier) + -tłiʼ (imperfective stem of root -TŁAH, “to burn”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-tłiʼ</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-TŁAH</i>


náʼálkad

Simple passive of náʼáłkad : sewing is taking place


yidiłid

dishłid (first-person imperfective singular)
diidlid (duoplural first-person imperfective)
dadiidlid (first-person imperfective plural)
díłid (imperfective second-person singular)
dohłid (duoplural imperfective second-person)
dadohłid (imperfective plural second-person)
yidiłid (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
deidiłid (imperfective plural third-person)
jidiłid (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dazhdiłid (fourth-person imperfective plural)
dííłid (first-person perfective singular)
diidlid (duoplural first-person perfective)
dadiidlid (first-person perfective plural)
dííníłid (perfective second-person singular)
doołid (duoplural perfective second-person)
dadoołid (perfective plural second-person)
yidííłid (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
deidííłid (perfective plural third-person)
jidííłid (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
dazhdííłid (fourth-person perfective plural)
dideeshłił (first-person future singular)
didiilił (duoplural first-person future)
dadidiilił (first-person future plural)
didííłił (future second-person singular)
didoohłił (duoplural future second-person)
dadidoohłił (future plural second-person)
yididoołił (duoplural future singular third-person)
deididoołił (future plural third-person)
jididoołił (duoplural fourth-person future singular)
dazhdidoołił (fourth-person future plural)

y- (3rd person object prefix) + -di- (“fire”) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier, causative) + -lid (durative imperfective stem of root -LID, “to burn”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-lid</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-LID</i>


daʼalghał

da- (distributive plural) + ʼa- (unspecified object prefix) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + l- (classifier) + -ghał (“to chew something meaty”, imperfective verb stem)

(in general, object unspecified): They eat (meat): third person plural form of alghał (“he/she/it eats (meat)”), the generic form of yilghał (“he/she/it eats something (meat)”).


yidiiłtłʼíísh

diishtłʼíísh (first-person imperfective singular)
diiltłʼíísh (duoplural first-person imperfective)
dadiiltłʼíísh (first-person imperfective plural)
diiłtłʼíísh (imperfective second-person singular)
doołtłʼíísh (duoplural imperfective second-person)
dadoołtłʼíísh (imperfective plural second-person)
yidiiłtłʼíísh (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
deidiiłtłʼíísh (imperfective plural third-person)
jidiiłtłʼíísh (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dazhdiiłtłʼíísh (fourth-person imperfective plural)
diiłtłʼiizh (first-person perfective singular)
diiltłʼiizh (duoplural first-person perfective)
dadiiltłʼiizh (first-person perfective plural)
diniłtłʼiizh (perfective second-person singular)
doołtłʼiizh (duoplural perfective second-person)
dadoołtłʼiizh (perfective plural second-person)
yidiiłtłʼiizh (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
deidiiłtłʼiizh (perfective plural third-person)
jidiiłtłʼiizh (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
dazhdiiłtłʼiizh (fourth-person perfective plural)

y- (3rd person object prefix) + -di- (“color”) + -yi- (transitional) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier, causative) + -tłʼíísh (imperfective stem of root -TŁʼIIZH, “to be blue”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-tłʼíísh</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-TŁʼIIZH</i>


ałeeh

ashłeeh (first-person imperfective singular)
iidleeh (duoplural first-person imperfective)
daʼiidleeh (first-person imperfective plural)
íłeeh (imperfective second-person singular)
ohłeeh (duoplural imperfective second-person)
daʼohłeeh (imperfective plural second-person)
ałeeh (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
daʼałeeh (imperfective plural third-person)
ajiłeeh (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
daʼjiłeeh (fourth-person imperfective plural)
aleeh (passive)
aséłį́į́ʼ (first-person perfective singular)
asiidlį́į́ʼ (duoplural first-person perfective)
daʼsiidlį́į́ʼ (first-person perfective plural)
asíníłį́į́ʼ (perfective second-person singular)
asoołį́į́ʼ (duoplural perfective second-person)
daʼsoołį́į́ʼ (perfective plural second-person)
asłį́į́ʼ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
daʼasłį́į́ʼ (perfective plural third-person)
ajisłį́į́ʼ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
daʼjisłį́į́ʼ (fourth-person perfective plural)
azlį́į́ʼ (passive)

ʼa- (unspecified person object prefix) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier, causative) + -leeh (imperfective stem of root -LĮ́Į́ʼ, “to become”)

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-leeh</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-LĮ́Į́ʼ</i>

he/she is putting on an event, throwing a party

bą́ą́h ashłeeh

bą́ą́h aleeh

he/she sets a price, establishes a value

bee lą aséłį́į́ʼ

(with bee lą) he/she is approving it, agreeing to it (as a contract or proposal)


ałtaaneesdiz

ʼał- (reciprocal) + -tah- (comitative) + -ni- (thematic) + -si- (modal) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -diz (perfective stem of root -DIZ, “to twist”)

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-diz</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-DIZ</i>


áníldííl

áníshdííl (first-person imperfective singular)
ániildííl (duoplural first-person imperfective)
ádaniildííl (first-person imperfective plural)
áníníldííl (imperfective second-person singular)
ánółdííl (duoplural imperfective second-person)
ádanółdííl (imperfective plural second-person)
áníldííl (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
ádaníldííl (imperfective plural third-person)
ázhníldííl (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
ádazhníldííl (fourth-person imperfective plural)

ʼá- (comparative) + -ní- (comparative) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -l- (classifier) + -dííl (imperfective stem of root -DÍÍL, “to be large”).

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-dííl</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-DÍÍL</i>


adiníłdíín

adííníshdíín (first-person imperfective singular)
adííníildíín (duoplural first-person imperfective)
daʼdííníildíín (first-person imperfective plural)
adííníłdíín (imperfective second-person singular)
adíínółdíín (duoplural imperfective second-person)
daʼdíínółdíín (imperfective plural second-person)
adiníłdíín (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
daʼdiníłdíín (imperfective plural third-person)
adizhníłdíín (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dazhdiʼníłdíín (fourth-person imperfective plural)

ʼa- (unspecified person object prefix) + -di- (“fire”) + -ní- (“directed at”, combining form of yíní- in the 3rd person) + -ł- (classifier) + -díín (imperfective stem of root -DÍÍN, “light shines”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-díín</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-DÍÍN</i>

he/she/it is directing, casting or reflecting light


bihónéedząąh

bihónéedząąh (singular third-person)
bihónéedzą́ (singular third-person)
bihónéesdząąd (singular third-person)

b- (thematic) + -ho- (“space, area, things”) + -ní- (comparative) + -ee- (ni-modal 3rd person subject prefix) + -d- (classifier) + -dząąh (imperfective stem of root -DZĄĄD, “to be possible”).
The stem may actually be -ząąh, potentially ultimately deriving from the root -YĄĄD ("to be wise", see honisą/hóyą). Compare Chipewyan hurélyą (“good weather”) and Tsuut'ina nanidhzoh (“get well”).
Other difficulties are the origin of the high tone on ho- and the pre-stem long -née- (possibly from ní- + ni- ?), only found in few other bases (see ánéeltʼeʼ).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-dząąh</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-DZĄĄD</i>


bikééʼ

bi- (3rd person object prefix) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + ∅- (classifier) + -kééʼ (noun/postposition stem used as a verb stem)

tábąąhgóó bikééʼ

tábąąhgóó akééʼ

there is a line of footprints along the shore

his/her/its tracks extend, lead somewhere


náházo

náháso (first-person imperfective singular)
náhwiidzo (duoplural first-person imperfective)
nídahwiidzo (first-person imperfective plural)
náhózo (imperfective second-person singular)
náhóhso (duoplural imperfective second-person)
nídahohso (imperfective plural second-person)
náházo (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
nídahazo (imperfective plural third-person)
náhojizo (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
nídahojizo (fourth-person imperfective plural)
náhosézo (first-person perfective singular)
náhosiidzo (duoplural first-person perfective)
nídahosiidzo (first-person perfective plural)
náhosínízo (perfective second-person singular)
náhosoozo (duoplural perfective second-person)
nídahosoozo (perfective plural second-person)
náházo (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
nídahazo (perfective plural third-person)
náhojizo (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
nídahojizo (fourth-person perfective plural)

ná- (“around”) + -ho- (“space, area, things”) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -zo (continuative imperfective stem of root -ZO, “to mark”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-zo</i>

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ZO</i>

Third-person singular and dual perfective form of náházo


chʼííłʼá

chʼíníshʼá (first-person imperfective singular)
chʼíniilʼá (duoplural first-person imperfective)
chʼídaniilʼá (first-person imperfective plural)
chʼíníłʼá (imperfective second-person singular)
chʼínółʼá (duoplural imperfective second-person)
chʼídanołʼá (imperfective plural second-person)
chʼííłʼá (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
chʼídeíłʼá (imperfective plural third-person)
chʼíjíłʼá (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
chʼídajíłʼá (fourth-person imperfective plural)
chʼíníłʼaʼ (first-person perfective singular)
chʼíniilʼaʼ (duoplural first-person perfective)
chʼídaniilʼaʼ (first-person perfective plural)
chʼííníłʼaʼ (perfective second-person singular)
chʼínoołʼaʼ (duoplural perfective second-person)
chʼídanoołʼaʼ (perfective plural second-person)
chʼíiníłʼaʼ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
chʼídeisʼaʼ (perfective plural third-person)
chʼízhníłʼaʼ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
chʼídajisʼaʼ (fourth-person perfective plural)

chʼí- (“out horizontally”) + -y- (3rd person object prefix) + -◌́- (ni-modal 3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -ʼá (imperfective stem of root -ʼAʼ, “to send”)

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ʼá</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ʼAʼ</i>

he/she is sending him/her/it out, ordering him/her/it out


diigis

diisgis (first-person perfective singular)
diigis (duoplural first-person perfective)
dadiigis (first-person perfective plural)
dinigis (perfective second-person singular)
doohgis (duoplural perfective second-person)
dadoohgis (perfective plural second-person)
diigis (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
dadiigis (perfective plural third-person)
jidiigis (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
dazhdiigis (fourth-person perfective plural)

di- (inceptive) + -yi- (transitional) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -d- (classifier) + -gis (neuter perfective stem of root -GIZ, “to twist”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-gis</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-GIZ</i>

first-person duoplural imperfective of diigis


deesdoi

di- (inceptive) + -si- (modal) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -doi (neuter perfective stem of root -DOII, “to be hot”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-doi</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-DOII</i>

Shił deesdoi

Nihił deesdoi

Nihił dadeesdoi


diichʼééh

diishchʼééh (first-person imperfective singular)
diichʼééh (duoplural first-person imperfective)
dadiichʼééh (first-person imperfective plural)
diichʼééh (imperfective second-person singular)
doohchʼééh (duoplural imperfective second-person)
dadoohchʼééh (imperfective plural second-person)
diichʼééh (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
dadiichʼééh (imperfective plural third-person)
jidiichʼééh (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dazhdiichʼééh (fourth-person imperfective plural)
diichʼeeʼ (first-person perfective singular)
diichʼeeʼ (duoplural first-person perfective)
dadiichʼeeʼ (first-person perfective plural)
dinichʼeeʼ (perfective second-person singular)
doochʼeeʼ (duoplural perfective second-person)
dadoochʼeeʼ (perfective plural second-person)
diichʼeeʼ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
dadiichʼeeʼ (perfective plural third-person)
jidiichʼeeʼ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
dazhdiichʼeeʼ (fourth-person perfective plural)

di- (“oral”) + -yi- (transitional) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -chʼééh (imperfective stem of root -CHʼEEʼ, “to open the mouth”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-chʼééh</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-CHʼEEʼ</i>

Second-person singular imperfective form of diichʼééh

First-person dual imperfective form of diichʼééh


díłchʼil

di- (adjectival) + -◌́- (ni-modal 3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -chʼil (neuter perfective stem of root -CHʼIL, “plant”)

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-chʼil</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-CHʼIL</i>

it (vegetation or some non-compact material) is dense, thick


doo ákótʼée da

/tòː ʔɑ́kʰótʼêː tɑ̀/

doo bił ákótʼée da


ditłééʼ

dinishtłééʼ (first-person imperfective singular)
diniitłééʼ (duoplural first-person imperfective)
dadiniitłééʼ (first-person imperfective plural)
dinítłééʼ (imperfective second-person singular)
dinohtłééʼ (duoplural imperfective second-person)
dadinohtłééʼ (imperfective plural second-person)
ditłééʼ (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
daditłééʼ (imperfective plural third-person)
jiditłééʼ (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dazhditłééʼ (fourth-person imperfective plural)
hoditłééʼ (spatial-person)

di- (adjectival) + -∅- (ni-modal 3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -tłééʼ (neuter imperfective stem of root -TŁÉÉʼ, “to be wet”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-tłééʼ</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-TŁÉÉʼ</i>


hoditłééʼ

spatial-person imperfective of ditłééʼ (“the place is wet, damp, it is humid”)


hóółtseii

ho- (“space, area, things”) + -◌́◌́- (yi-perfective 3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -tseii (neuter perfective stem of root -TSEII, “to be dry”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-tseii</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-TSEII</i>


yíłtseii

yínístseii (first-person perfective singular)
yíníiltseii (duoplural first-person perfective)
deíníiltseii (first-person perfective plural)
yíníłtseii (perfective second-person singular)
yínółtseii (duoplural perfective second-person)
deínółtseii (perfective plural second-person)
yíłtseii (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
deíłtseii (perfective plural third-person)
jíłtseii (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
dajíłtseii (fourth-person perfective plural)
hóółtseii (spatial-person)
yíłtsai (alternative)
yíłtsaii (alternative)

yí- (“directed at”, combining form of yíní- in the 3rd person) + -ł- (classifier) + -tseii (neuter perfective stem of root -TSEII, “to be dry”).
Ł-classifier does not have a transitive-causative meaning in this base.


sizílí

si- (modal) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -zílí (neuter perfective stem of root -ZIIL, “to be warm”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-zílí</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ZIIL</i>


honeezílí

/hònèːzɪ́lɪ́/

ho- (“space, area, things”) + -ni- (adjectival) + -si- (modal) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -zílí (neuter perfective stem of root -ZIIL, “to be warm”).


díchʼííʼ

di- (“sensory”) + -◌́- (ni-modal 3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -chʼííʼ (neuter perfective stem of root -CHʼÍÍʼ, “to burn”)

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-chʼííʼ</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-CHʼÍÍʼ</i>


ííłnííʼ

shį́ʼííłnííʼ

tłʼééʼ ííłnííʼ

the middle of the night came; it became midnight.

tłʼééʼ ííłníiʼjįʼ

perfective of ííłniih : it became the middle of, mid-


nahalyé

simple passive perfective of nayiilé: to be paid


déesxéél

díníshhéél (first-person perfective singular)
díníilyéél (duoplural first-person perfective)
dadíníilyéél (first-person perfective plural)
díníłhéél (perfective second-person singular)
dínóołhéél (duoplural perfective second-person)
dadínóołhéél (perfective plural second-person)
déesxéél (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
dadéesxéél (perfective plural third-person)
jidéesxéél (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
dazdéesxéél (fourth-person perfective plural)

di- (“oral”) + -ni- (adjectival) + -si- (modal) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -yéél (neuter perfective stem of root -YÉÉL, “to be calm”).
The root onset, originally *gh (> y), devoices after ł-classifier: ł + ghéél > ł + héél.
For the high tone on the prefix complex, see also díní-.

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-yéél</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-YÉÉL</i>

it/he/she is quiet, noiseless, still, calm


diłkʼáás

diłkʼáás (imperfective singular third-person)
deeskʼaaz (perfective singular third-person)
didoołkʼas
ńdíłkʼas
dółkʼáás

/tɪ̀ɬkʼɑ́ːs/

di- (inceptive) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -kʼáás (imperfective stem of root -KʼAAZ, “to be cold”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-kʼáás</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-KʼAAZ</i>

it (weather) is turning cold, starting to be cold


diłdzííd

diłdzííd (imperfective singular third-person)
dííłdzid (perfective singular third-person)
didoołdził

di- (thematic) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -dzííd (imperfective stem of root -DZID, “to rot”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-dzííd</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-DZID</i>


akʼídádéestʼį́į́ʼ

head

akʼídádéestʼį́į́ʼ

/ʔɑ̀kʼɪ́tɑ́téːstʼĩ́ːʔ/

Naabeehó tʼáá bí bibeehazʼáanii yee akʼídádéestʼį́į́ʼ

Navajos have sovereignty through tribal law.


didzééh

disdzééh (first-person imperfective singular)
diidzééh (duoplural first-person imperfective)
dadiidzééh (first-person imperfective plural)
dídzééh (imperfective second-person singular)
dohdzééh (duoplural imperfective second-person)
dadohdzééh (imperfective plural second-person)
didzééh (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
dadidzééh (imperfective plural third-person)
jididzééh (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dazhdidzééh (fourth-person imperfective plural)
deesdzaʼ (first-person perfective singular)
deedzaʼ (duoplural first-person perfective)
dadeedzaʼ (first-person perfective plural)
díínídzaʼ (perfective second-person singular)
disoohdzaʼ (duoplural perfective second-person)
dadisoohdzaʼ (perfective plural second-person)
doodzaʼ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
dadeesdzaʼ (perfective plural third-person)
jidoodzaʼ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
dazhdeesdzaʼ (fourth-person perfective plural)
dideesdzah (first-person future singular)
didiidzah (duoplural first-person future)
dadidiidzah (first-person future plural)
didíídzah (future second-person singular)
didoohdzah (duoplural future second-person)
dadidoohdzah (future plural second-person)
didoodzah (duoplural future singular third-person)
deididoodzah (future plural third-person)
dizhdoodzah (duoplural fourth-person future singular)
dazhdidoozah (fourth-person future plural)
dószééh (first-person singular)
doozééh (duoplural first-person)
dadoozééh (first-person plural)
dóózééh (second-person singular)
doohzééh (duoplural second-person)
dadoohzééh (plural second-person)
dózééh (duoplural singular third-person)
deidózééh (plural third-person)
jidózééh (duoplural fourth-person singular)
dazhdózééh (fourth-person plural)

di- (“arms, legs”) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -d- (classifier) + -dzééh (imperfective stem of root -DZAʼ, “to stagger”).
The stem and root may actually be -zééh / -ZAʼ.

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-dzééh</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-DZAʼ</i>

he/she is staggering somewhere, stumbling somewhere


naałnish

second-person dual imperfective of naalnish


naahné

second-person dual imperfective of naané


dilʼéés

disʼéés (first-person imperfective singular)
diilʼéés (duoplural first-person imperfective)
dadiilʼéés (first-person imperfective plural)
dílʼéés (imperfective second-person singular)
dołʼéés (duoplural imperfective second-person)
dadołʼéés (imperfective plural second-person)
dilʼéés (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
dadilʼéés (imperfective plural third-person)
jidilʼéés (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dazhdilʼéés (fourth-person imperfective plural)
deesʼeez (first-person perfective singular)
diilʼeez (duoplural first-person perfective)
dadiilʼeez (first-person perfective plural)
díínílʼeez (perfective second-person singular)
doołʼeez (duoplural perfective second-person)
dadoołʼeez (perfective plural second-person)
doolʼeez (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
dadoolʼeez (perfective plural third-person)
jidoolʼeez (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
dazhdoolʼeez (fourth-person perfective plural)

di- (“arms, legs”) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -l- (classifier) + -ʼéés (imperfective stem of root -ʼEEZ, “to step”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ʼéés</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ʼEEZ</i>

he/she is stepping somewhere, placing his/her foot somewhere


hainitá

hanishtá (first-person imperfective singular)
haniitá (duoplural first-person imperfective)
hadaniitá (first-person imperfective plural)
hanítá (imperfective second-person singular)
hanohtá (duoplural imperfective second-person)
hadanohtá (imperfective plural second-person)
hainitá (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
hadeinitá (imperfective plural third-person)
hazhnitá (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
hadazhnitá (fourth-person imperfective plural)
hanétą́ą́ʼ (first-person perfective singular)
haneetą́ą́ʼ (duoplural first-person perfective)
hadaneetą́ą́ʼ (first-person perfective plural)
hanínítą́ą́ʼ (perfective second-person singular)
hanootą́ą́ʼ (duoplural perfective second-person)
hadanootą́ą́ʼ (perfective plural second-person)
haineeztą́ą́ʼ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
hadeineeztą́ą́ʼ (perfective plural third-person)
hazhneeztą́ą́ʼ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
hadazhneeztą́ą́ʼ (fourth-person perfective plural)

ha- (“searching for”) + -y- (3rd person object prefix) + -ni- (thematic) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -tá (conclusive imperfective stem of root -TĄ́Ą́ʼ, “to search”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-tá</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-TĄ́Ą́ʼ</i>

he/she is looking for it, searching for it, seeking it


haigééd

haashgééd (first-person imperfective singular)
haiigééd (duoplural first-person imperfective)
hadeiigééd (first-person imperfective plural)
hanigééd (imperfective second-person singular)
haahgééd (duoplural imperfective second-person)
hadaahgééd (imperfective plural second-person)
haigééd (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
hadeigééd (imperfective plural third-person)
hajigééd (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
hadajigééd (fourth-person imperfective plural)
háágeed (first-person perfective singular)
haiigeed (duoplural first-person perfective)
hadasiigeed (first-person perfective plural)
háínígeed (perfective second-person singular)
haoogeed (duoplural perfective second-person)
hadasoogeed (perfective plural second-person)
hayíígeed (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
hadeizgeed (perfective plural third-person)
hajíígeed (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
hadajizgeed (fourth-person perfective plural)
hadeeshgoł (first-person future singular)
hadiigoł (duoplural first-person future)
hadadiigoł (first-person future plural)
hadíígoł (future second-person singular)
hadoohgoł (duoplural future second-person)
hadadoohgoł (future plural second-person)
haidoogoł (duoplural future singular third-person)
hadeidoogoł (future plural third-person)
hazhdoogoł (duoplural fourth-person future singular)
hadazhdoogoł (fourth-person future plural)

ha- (“up out”) + -y- (3rd person object prefix) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -gééd (imperfective stem of root -GEED, “to stick, to dig”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-gééd</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-GEED</i>


hilghaał

hishghaał (first-person imperfective singular)
hiilghaał (duoplural first-person imperfective)
dahiilghaał (first-person imperfective plural)
hílghaał (imperfective second-person singular)
hołghaał (duoplural imperfective second-person)
dahołghaał (imperfective plural second-person)
hilghaał (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
dahalghaał (imperfective plural third-person)
jiilghaał (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dajiilghaał (fourth-person imperfective plural)
heeshghal (first-person perfective singular)
hiilghal (duoplural first-person perfective)
daheelghal (first-person perfective plural)
híínílghal (perfective second-person singular)
hoołghal (duoplural perfective second-person)
dahisoołghal (perfective plural second-person)
hoolghal (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
daheesghal (perfective plural third-person)
jiyooghal (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
dajiisghal (fourth-person perfective plural)

hi- (seriative) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -l- (classifier) + -ghaał (imperfective stem of root -GHAL, “to wriggle”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ghaał</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-GHAL</i>


hałeeh

hashłeeh (first-person imperfective singular)
hwiidleeh (duoplural first-person imperfective)
dahwiidleeh (first-person imperfective plural)
hółeeh (imperfective second-person singular)
hohłeeh (duoplural imperfective second-person)
dahohłeeh (imperfective plural second-person)
hałeeh (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
dahałeeh (imperfective plural third-person)
hojiłeeh (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dahojiłeeh (fourth-person imperfective plural)
hoséłį́į́ʼ (first-person perfective singular)
hosiidlį́į́ʼ (duoplural first-person perfective)
dahosiidlį́į́ʼ (first-person perfective plural)
hosíníłį́į́ʼ (perfective second-person singular)
hosoołį́į́ʼ (duoplural perfective second-person)
dahosoołį́į́ʼ (perfective plural second-person)
hasłį́į́ʼ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
dahasłį́į́ʼ (perfective plural third-person)
hojisłį́į́ʼ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
dahojisłį́į́ʼ (fourth-person perfective plural)

ho- (“space, area, things”) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier, causative) + -leeh (imperfective stem of root -LĮ́Į́ʼ, “to become”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-leeh</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-LĮ́Į́ʼ</i>


hashkeeh

hoshishkeeh (first-person imperfective singular)
hoshiikeeh (duoplural first-person imperfective)
dahoshiikeeh (first-person imperfective plural)
hoshíkeeh (imperfective second-person singular)
hoshohkeeh (duoplural imperfective second-person)
dahoshohkeeh (imperfective plural second-person)
hashkeeh (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
dahashkeeh (imperfective plural third-person)
hojishkeeh (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dahojishkeeh (fourth-person imperfective plural)
hashishkeeh (first-person imperfective singular)
hashiikeeh (duoplural first-person imperfective)
dahashiikeeh (first-person imperfective plural)
hashíkeeh (imperfective second-person singular)
hashohkeeh (duoplural imperfective second-person)
dahashohkeeh (imperfective plural second-person)
hashkeeh (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
dahashkeeh (imperfective plural third-person)
hojishkeeh (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dahojishkeeh (fourth-person imperfective plural)
hoshííshkeed (first-person perfective singular)
hoshiikeed (duoplural first-person perfective)
dahoshiikeed (first-person perfective plural)
hoshííníkeed (perfective second-person singular)
hoshoohkeed (duoplural perfective second-person)
dahoshoohkeed (perfective plural second-person)
hóóshkeed (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
dahóóshkeed (perfective plural third-person)
hojííshkeed (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
dahojííshkeed (fourth-person perfective plural)

ho- (“space, area, things”) + -sh- (“angry”) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -keeh (imperfective stem of root -KEED, “to scold”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-keeh</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-KEED</i>

Nichʼa hodooshkeeł.


hoozdo

ho- (“space, area, things”) + -z- (si-perfective 3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -do (neuter perfective stem of root -DOII, “to be hot”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-do</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-DOII</i>


hoozkʼaz

ho- (“space, area, things”) + -si- (modal) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -kʼaz (neuter perfective stem of root -KʼAAZ, “to be cold”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-kʼaz</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-KʼAAZ</i>


honiłné

honishné (first-person imperfective singular)
honiilné (duoplural first-person imperfective)
dahoniilné (first-person imperfective plural)
honíłné (imperfective second-person singular)
honołné (duoplural imperfective second-person)
dahonołné (imperfective plural second-person)
honiłné (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
dahoniłné (imperfective plural third-person)
hozhniłné (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dahozhniłné (fourth-person imperfective plural)
honéłná (first-person perfective singular)
honeelná (duoplural first-person perfective)
dahoneelná (first-person perfective plural)
honíníłná (perfective second-person singular)
honoołná (duoplural perfective second-person)
dahonoołná (perfective plural second-person)
honeesná (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
dahoneesná (perfective plural third-person)
hozhneesná (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
dahozhneesná (fourth-person perfective plural)

ho- (“space, area, things”) + -ni- (thematic) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -né (conclusive imperfective stem of root -NÁ, “to win”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-né</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-NÁ</i>

Baa honéłná.

I won over him, I beat him, he lost to me.


hiiłchʼįįh

hiiłchʼįįh (imperfective singular third-person)
hííłchʼįʼ (perfective singular third-person)
hidoołchʼįįł

hi- (thematic) + -yi- (“night passes”) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + chʼįįh (imperfective stem of root -CHʼĮʼ, “to become evening”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">chʼįįh</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-CHʼĮʼ</i>

evening is falling, twilight is falling, it is becoming late afternoon


hanidááh

haniidááh (duoplural first-person imperfective)
hadaniidááh (first-person imperfective plural)
hanohdááh (duoplural imperfective second-person)
hadanohdááh (imperfective plural second-person)
hanidááh (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
hadanidááh (imperfective plural third-person)
hazhnidááh (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
hadazhnidááh (fourth-person imperfective plural)
haniidaaʼ (duoplural first-person perfective)
hadaniidaaʼ (first-person perfective plural)
hanoohdaaʼ (duoplural perfective second-person)
hadanoohdaaʼ (perfective plural second-person)
hanoodaaʼ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
hadaneesdaaʼ (perfective plural third-person)
hazhnoodaaʼ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
hadazhneesdaaʼ (fourth-person perfective plural)

ha- (“up out”) + -ni- (thematic) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -d- (classifier) + -dááh (imperfective stem of root -DAAʼ, “to dance”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-dááh</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-DAAʼ</i>

they are starting to celebrate noisily, boisterously


hiná

hinishná (first-person imperfective singular)
hiniiʼná (duoplural first-person imperfective)
dahiniiʼná (first-person imperfective plural)
hiníná (imperfective second-person singular)
hinohná (duoplural imperfective second-person)
dahinohná (imperfective plural second-person)
hiná (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
dahaná (imperfective plural third-person)
jiiná (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dajiiná (fourth-person imperfective plural)

hi- (thematic) + -∅- (ni-modal 3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -ná (neuter imperfective stem of root -NAʼ, “to live”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ná</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-NAʼ</i>


haisháásh

haasháásh (first-person imperfective singular)
haiilzháásh (duoplural first-person imperfective)
hadeiilzháásh (first-person imperfective plural)
hanisháásh (imperfective second-person singular)
haahsháásh (duoplural imperfective second-person)
hadaahsháásh (imperfective plural second-person)
haisháásh (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
hadeisháásh (imperfective plural third-person)
hajisháásh (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
hadajisháásh (fourth-person imperfective plural)
hááshaazh (first-person perfective singular)
haiilzhaazh (duoplural first-person perfective)
hadashiilzhaazh (first-person perfective plural)
háíníshaazh (perfective second-person singular)
haooshaazh (duoplural perfective second-person)
hadashooshaazh (perfective plural second-person)
hayííshaazh (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
hadeishaazh (perfective plural third-person)
hajííshaazh (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
hadajishaazh (fourth-person perfective plural)

ha- (“up out”) + -y- (3rd person object prefix) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -zháásh (imperfective stem of root -ZHAAH, “to erode”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-zháásh</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ZHAAH</i>

he/she is wearing part of it away, wearing it away in a spot


ííłdįįh

áshdįįh (first-person imperfective singular)
íildįįh (duoplural first-person imperfective)
ádeiildįįh (first-person imperfective plural)
áníłdįįh (imperfective second-person singular)
áłdįįh (duoplural imperfective second-person)
ádaałdįįh (imperfective plural second-person)
ííłdįįh (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
ádeiłdįįh (imperfective plural third-person)
ájíłdįįh (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
ádajiłdįįh (fourth-person imperfective plural)
áséłdįįd (first-person perfective singular)
ásiildįįd (duoplural first-person perfective)
ádasiildįįd (first-person perfective plural)
ásíníłdįįd (perfective second-person singular)
ásoołdįįd (duoplural perfective second-person)
ádasoołdįįd (perfective plural second-person)
íisdįįd (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
ádeisdįįd (perfective plural third-person)
ájísdįįd (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
ádajisdįįd (fourth-person perfective plural)
ádeeshdįįł (first-person future singular)
ádiildįįł (duoplural first-person future)
ádadiildįįł (first-person future plural)
ádííłdįįł (future second-person singular)
ádoołdįįł (duoplural future second-person)
ádadoołdįįł (future plural second-person)
íidoołdįįł (duoplural future singular third-person)
ádeidoołdįįł (future plural third-person)
ázhdoołdįįł (duoplural fourth-person future singular)
ádazhdoołdįįł (fourth-person future plural)
óoshdįįh (first-person singular)
óoldįįh (duoplural first-person)
ádaooldįįh (first-person plural)
óółdįįh (second-person singular)
óołdįįh (duoplural second-person)
ádaoołdįįh (plural second-person)
áyółdįįh (duoplural singular third-person)
ádayółdįįh (plural third-person)
ájółdįįh (duoplural fourth-person singular)
ádajółdįįh (fourth-person plural)

ʼá- (thematic) + -y- (3rd person object prefix) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier, causative) + -dįįh (imperfective stem of root -DĮĮD, “to disappear”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-dįįh</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-DĮĮD</i>

he/she/it is destroying it, getting rid of it, wiping it out, eliminating it, eradicating it


haleeh

hashłeeh (first-person imperfective singular)
hwiidleeh (duoplural first-person imperfective)
dahwiidleeh (first-person imperfective plural)
hóleeh (imperfective second-person singular)
hohłeeh (duoplural imperfective second-person)
dahohłeeh (imperfective plural second-person)
haleeh (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
dahaleeh (imperfective plural third-person)
hojileeh (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dahojileeh (fourth-person imperfective plural)
hosélį́į́ʼ (first-person perfective singular)
hosiidlį́į́ʼ (duoplural first-person perfective)
dahosiidlį́į́ʼ (first-person perfective plural)
hosínílį́į́ʼ (perfective second-person singular)
hosoolį́į́ʼ (duoplural perfective second-person)
dahosoolį́į́ʼ (perfective plural second-person)
hazlį́į́ʼ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
dahazlį́į́ʼ (perfective plural third-person)
hojizlį́į́ʼ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
dahojizlį́į́ʼ (fourth-person perfective plural)

ho- (“space, area, things”) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -leeh (imperfective stem of root -LĮ́Į́ʼ, “to become”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-leeh</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-LĮ́Į́ʼ</i>

he/she/it is being born, coming into being, sprouting, forming


íhoołʼaah

íhooshʼaah (first-person imperfective singular)
íhwiilʼaah (duoplural first-person imperfective)
ídahwiilʼaah (first-person imperfective plural)
íhoołʼaah (imperfective second-person singular)
íhoołʼaah (duoplural imperfective second-person)
ídahoołʼaah (imperfective plural second-person)
íhoołʼaah (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
ídahoołʼaah (imperfective plural third-person)
íhojiiłʼaah (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
ídahojiiłʼaah (fourth-person imperfective plural)
íhoołʼą́ą́ʼ (first-person perfective singular)
íhwiilʼą́ą́ʼ (duoplural first-person perfective)
ídahwiilʼą́ą́ʼ (first-person perfective plural)
íhwiiniłʼą́ą́ʼ (perfective second-person singular)
íhoołʼą́ą́ʼ (duoplural perfective second-person)
ídahoołʼą́ą́ʼ (perfective plural second-person)
íhoołʼą́ą́ʼ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
ídahoołʼą́ą́ʼ (perfective plural third-person)
íhojiiłʼą́ą́ʼ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
ídahojiiłʼą́ą́ʼ (fourth-person perfective plural)

/ʔɪ́hòːɬʔɑ̀ːh/

ʼa- (unspecified person object prefix) + -í- (“against, reaching”) + -ho- (“space, area, things”) + -yi- (transitional) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -ʼaah (transitional imperfective stem of root -ʼĄ́Ą́ʼ, “to learn”)

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ʼaah</i>

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ʼĄ́Ą́ʼ</i>

Bee íhooshʼaah.

to learn, to train, to receive education

second-person singular imperfective of íhoołʼaah

second-person duoplural imperfective of íhoołʼaah


iizą́

iisą́ (first-person imperfective singular)
ayiidzą́ (duoplural first-person imperfective)
daʼayiidzą́ (first-person imperfective plural)
iyízą́ (imperfective second-person singular)
ayohsą́ (duoplural imperfective second-person)
daʼayohsą́ (imperfective plural second-person)
iizą́ (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
daʼiizą́ (imperfective plural third-person)
ajiizą́ (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
daʼjiizą́ (fourth-person imperfective plural)
ayíízą́ą́ʼ (first-person perfective singular)
ayiidzą́ą́ʼ (duoplural first-person perfective)
daʼayiidzą́ą́ʼ (first-person perfective plural)
ayíínízą́ą́ʼ (perfective second-person singular)
ayoozą́ą́ʼ (duoplural perfective second-person)
daʼayoozą́ą́ʼ (perfective plural second-person)
ayíízą́ą́ʼ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
daʼayíízą́ą́ʼ (perfective plural third-person)
ajiyíízą́ą́ʼ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
daʼjiyíízą́ą́ʼ (fourth-person perfective plural)

ʼa- (unspecified person object prefix) + -hi- (seriative) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -zą́ (durative imperfective stem of root -ZĄ́Ą́ʼ, “beat oneʼs wife”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-zą́</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ZĄ́Ą́ʼ</i>


iʼniłdih

iʼnishdih (first-person imperfective singular)
iʼniildih (duoplural first-person imperfective)
idaʼniildih (first-person imperfective plural)
iʼníłdih (imperfective second-person singular)
iʼnołdih (duoplural imperfective second-person)
idaʼnołdih (imperfective plural second-person)
iʼniłdih (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
idaʼniłdih (imperfective plural third-person)
izhʼniłdih (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
idazhʼniłdih (fourth-person imperfective plural)

ʼa- (“away”) + -ʼa- (unspecified person object prefix) + -ni- (thematic) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -dih (neuter repetitive stem of root -DIH, “to jolt”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-dih</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-DIH</i>


kʼédǫǫh

kʼéshdǫǫh (first-person imperfective singular)
kʼíidǫǫh (duoplural first-person imperfective)
kʼídeiidǫǫh (first-person imperfective plural)
kʼínídǫǫh (imperfective second-person singular)
kʼéhdǫǫh (duoplural imperfective second-person)
kʼídaahdǫǫh (imperfective plural second-person)
kʼédǫǫh (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
kʼídadǫǫh (imperfective plural third-person)
kʼíjídǫǫh (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
kʼídajidǫǫh (fourth-person imperfective plural)
kʼísédǫǫd (first-person perfective singular)
kʼísiidǫǫd (duoplural first-person perfective)
kʼídasiidǫǫd (first-person perfective plural)
kʼísínídǫǫd (perfective second-person singular)
kʼísoodǫǫd (duoplural perfective second-person)
kʼídasoodǫǫd (perfective plural second-person)
kʼézdǫǫd (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
kʼídaazdǫǫd (perfective plural third-person)
kʼíjízdǫǫd (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
kʼídajizdǫǫd (fourth-person perfective plural)

kʼí- (“straight”) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -dǫǫh (imperfective stem of root -DǪǪD, “to straighten up”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-dǫǫh</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-DǪǪD</i>

he/she is standing up, moving to a standing position

he/she is straightening up his/her posture


háálį́

ha- (“up out”) + -◌́◌́- (yi-perfective 3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -lį́ (neuter perfective stem of root -LĮ́, “to flow”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-lį́</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-LĮ́</i>

Dił shąąh háálį́.


hazʼą́

ho- (“space, area, things”) + -si- (modal) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -ʼą́ (neuter perfective stem of root -ʼĄ́, “to handle SRO”).

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ʼą́</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ʼĄ́</i>

Shá hazʼą́.

Doo ná hazʼą́ą da.

Bee shá hazʼą́.

It is permissible for me to do it, I'm allowed to do it.

Doo bee ná hazʼą́ą da.

Bee shąąh dah hazʼą́.

can do, can be, could, been able, being able


łíícháázh

łíshcháázh (first-person imperfective singular)
łíicháázh (duoplural first-person imperfective)
łídeiicháázh (first-person imperfective plural)
łínícháázh (imperfective second-person singular)
łóhcháázh (duoplural imperfective second-person)
łídaahcháázh (imperfective plural second-person)
łíícháázh (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
łídeicháázh (imperfective plural third-person)
łíjícháázh (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
łídajicháázh (fourth-person imperfective plural)
łíshécháázh (first-person perfective singular)
łíshiicháázh (duoplural first-person perfective)
łídashiicháázh (first-person perfective plural)
łíshínícháázh (perfective second-person singular)
łíshoocháázh (duoplural perfective second-person)
łídashoocháázh (perfective plural second-person)
łííshcháázh (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
łídeishcháázh (perfective plural third-person)
łíjíshcháázh (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
łídajishcháázh (fourth-person perfective plural)

łí- (“extort”) + -y- (3rd person object prefix) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -cháázh (imperfective stem of root -CHÁÁZH, “to defraud”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-cháázh</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-CHÁÁZH</i>

he/she is cheating him/her, defrauding him/her, exploiting him/her


jóhonaaʼéí daaztsą́

/t͡ʃóhònɑ̀ːʔɛ́ɪ́ tɑ̀ːzt͡sʰɑ̃́/

jóhonaaʼéí (“sun”) + daaztsą́ (“he died”)

Jóhonaaʼéí daatsaah

Jóhonaaʼéí dadootsaał


bééhániih

bééhániih (imperfective singular third-person)
bééhóóniiʼ (perfective singular third-person)
bééhodoonih
béénáhánih
bééhónííh

/péːhɑ́nìːh/

b- (thematic) + -é- (“about”) + -ná- (“back”, reversionary) + -ho- (“space, area, things”) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -niih (imperfective stem of root -NIIʼ, “to know about”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-niih</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-NIIʼ</i>

Jesus Daaztsą́ą́dę́ę́ʼ Náádiidzáhígíí Bééhániih

Siláołtsooí Bigáál Dah Nídahidiitʼįʼígíí Béédahaniih


ooljééʼ daaztsą́

Ooljééʼ daatsaah

Ooljééʼ dadootsaał

It will be a lunar eclipse (future tense)


nidaaz

nisdaaz (first-person imperfective singular)
niidaaz (duoplural first-person imperfective)
daniidaaz (first-person imperfective plural)
nídaaz (imperfective second-person singular)
nohdaaz (duoplural imperfective second-person)
danohdaaz (imperfective plural second-person)
nidaaz (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
danidaaz (imperfective plural third-person)
jídaaz (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dajídaaz (fourth-person imperfective plural)
ndaaz (alternative)

ni- (modal) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier)
+ -daaz (neuter absolute stem of root -DÁÁZ, “to be heavy”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-daaz</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-DÁÁZ</i>


heechééh

hinishchééh (first-person imperfective singular)
hiniichééh (duoplural first-person imperfective)
dahiniichééh (first-person imperfective plural)
hiníchééh (imperfective second-person singular)
hinohchééh (duoplural imperfective second-person)
dahinohchééh (imperfective plural second-person)
heechééh (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
daheechééh (imperfective plural third-person)
jiyeechééh (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dajiyeechééh (fourth-person imperfective plural)
hinishchaʼ (first-person perfective singular)
hiniichaʼ (duoplural first-person perfective)
dahiniichaʼ (first-person perfective plural)
hííníchaʼ (perfective second-person singular)
hinoohchaʼ (duoplural perfective second-person)
dahinoohchaʼ (perfective plural second-person)
heechaʼ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
daheechaʼ (perfective plural third-person)
jiyeechaʼ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
dajiyeechaʼ (fourth-person perfective plural)
heeshchah (first-person progressive singular)
hiichah (duoplural first-person progressive)
dahííníichééh (first-person plural progressive)
hííchah (progressive second-person singular)
hoohchah (duoplural progressive second-person)
dahíínóhchééh (plural progressive second-person)
hoochah (duoplural progressive singular third-person)
dahéechééh (plural progressive third-person)
jiyoochah (duoplural fourth-person progressive singular)
dajiyéechééh (fourth-person plural progressive)

hi- (seriative) + -ee- (ni-modal 3rd person subject prefix) + -d- (classifier) + -chééh (imperfective stem of root -CHAʼ, “to hop”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-chééh</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-CHAʼ</i>

he/she goes, arrives hopping or hobbling


adlą́

ashdlą́ (first-person imperfective singular)
iidlą́ (duoplural first-person imperfective)
daʼiidlą́ (first-person imperfective plural)
ídlą́ (imperfective second-person singular)
ohdlą́ (duoplural imperfective second-person)
daʼohdlą́ (imperfective plural second-person)
adlą́ (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
daʼadlą́ (imperfective plural third-person)
ajidlą́ (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
daʼjidlą́ (fourth-person imperfective plural)
eeshdlą́ą́ʼ (first-person perfective singular)
iidlą́ą́ʼ (duoplural first-person perfective)
daʼiidlą́ą́ʼ (first-person perfective plural)
íínídlą́ą́ʼ (perfective second-person singular)
oohdlą́ą́ʼ (duoplural perfective second-person)
daʼoohdlą́ą́ʼ (perfective plural second-person)
oodlą́ą́ʼ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
daʼoodlą́ą́ʼ (perfective plural third-person)
ajoodlą́ą́ʼ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
daʼjoodlą́ą́ʼ (fourth-person perfective plural)
adeeshdlį́į́ł (first-person future singular)
adiidlį́į́ł (duoplural first-person future)
daʼdiidlį́į́ł (first-person future plural)
adíídlį́į́ł (future second-person singular)
adoohdlį́į́ł (duoplural future second-person)
daʼdoohdlį́į́ł (future plural second-person)
adoodlį́į́ł (duoplural future singular third-person)
daʼdoodlį́į́ł (future plural third-person)
azhdoodlį́į́ł (duoplural fourth-person future singular)
dazhʼdoodlį́į́ł (fourth-person future plural)

ʼa- (unspecified person object prefix) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -d- (classifier) + -dlą́ (imperfective stem of root -DLĄ́Ą́ʼ, “to drink”)

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-dlą́</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-DLĄ́Ą́ʼ</i>

he/she/it drinks something, gets a drink, gets drunk, takes a drink


ayą́

ashą́ (first-person imperfective singular)
iidą́ (duoplural first-person imperfective)
daʼiidą́ (first-person imperfective plural)
íyą́ (imperfective second-person singular)
ohsą́ (duoplural imperfective second-person)
daʼohsą́ (imperfective plural second-person)
ayą́ (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
daʼayą́ (imperfective plural third-person)
ajiyą́ (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
daʼjiyą́ (fourth-person imperfective plural)
ííyą́ą́ʼ (first-person perfective singular)
iidą́ą́ʼ (duoplural first-person perfective)
daʼiidą́ą́ʼ (first-person perfective plural)
ííníyą́ą́ʼ (perfective second-person singular)
ooyą́ą́ʼ (duoplural perfective second-person)
daʼooyą́ą́ʼ (perfective plural second-person)
ííyą́ą́ʼ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
daʼííyą́ą́ʼ (perfective plural third-person)
ajííyą́ą́ʼ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
daʼjííyą́ą́ʼ (fourth-person perfective plural)
adeeshį́į́ł (first-person future singular)
adiidį́į́ł (duoplural first-person future)
daʼdiidį́į́ł (first-person future plural)
adííyį́į́ł (future second-person singular)
adoohsį́į́ł (duoplural future second-person)
daʼdoohsį́į́ł (future plural second-person)
adooyį́į́ł (duoplural future singular third-person)
daʼdooyį́į́ł (future plural third-person)
azhdooyį́į́ł (duoplural fourth-person future singular)
dazhʼdooyį́į́ł (fourth-person future plural)

ʼa- (unspecified person object prefix) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -yą́ (durative imperfective stem of root -YĄ́Ą́ʼ, “to eat”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-yą́</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-YĄ́Ą́ʼ</i>

Shí dóó Jáan baʼáłchíní éí Mary bighandi daʼiidą́

John’s children and I are eating at Mary’s house.


adiłhash

adishhash (first-person imperfective singular)
adiilghash (duoplural first-person imperfective)
daʼdiilghash (first-person imperfective plural)
adíłhash (imperfective second-person singular)
adołhash (duoplural imperfective second-person)
daʼdołhash (imperfective plural second-person)
adiłhash (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
daʼdiłhash (imperfective plural third-person)
azhdiłhash (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dazhʼdiłhash (fourth-person imperfective plural)

ʼa- (unspecified person object prefix) + -di- (“oral”) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -ghash (imperfective stem of root -GHAZH, “to bite”)

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ghash</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-GHAZH</i>

(repetitive) it bites, it is a biter; it is given to biting


jidizhah

fourth-person imperfective of dizhah (“to spit” )


nákwi

náshkwi (first-person imperfective singular)
néiikwi (duoplural first-person imperfective)
nídeiikwi (first-person imperfective plural)
náníkwi (imperfective second-person singular)
náhkwi (duoplural imperfective second-person)
nídaahkwi (imperfective plural second-person)
nákwi (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
nídaakwi (imperfective plural third-person)
níjíkwi (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
nídajikwi (fourth-person imperfective plural)
nísékwi (first-person perfective singular)
nísiikwi (duoplural first-person perfective)
nídasiikwi (first-person perfective plural)
nísíníkwi (perfective second-person singular)
nísookwi (duoplural perfective second-person)
nídasookwi (perfective plural second-person)
názkwi (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
nídaazkwi (perfective plural third-person)
níjízkwi (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
nídajizkwi (fourth-person perfective plural)

ná- (“back”, reversionary) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -kwi (conclusive imperfective stem of root -KWI, “to vomit”)

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-kwi</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-KWI</i>


deeyol

third-person singular perfective of diyóół: the wind began to blow


yidloh

yishdloh (first-person progressive singular)
yiidloh (duoplural first-person progressive)
deíníidlóóh (first-person plural progressive)
yídloh (progressive second-person singular)
wohdloh (duoplural progressive second-person)
deínóhdlóóh (plural progressive second-person)
yidloh (duoplural progressive singular third-person)
deídlóóh (plural progressive third-person)
joodloh (duoplural fourth-person progressive singular)
dajídlóóh (fourth-person plural progressive)

yi- (progressive) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -d- (classifier) + -dloh (progressive stem of root -DLOʼ, “to laugh”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-dloh</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-DLOʼ</i>

áko nizhónígo yídloh doo


nílʼį́

Shá nílʼį́.

I display it, I have it checked (lit. it is looked at for me).


hashniih

first-person singular imperfective of haniih: I know it, I know all about it


neeshtʼááʼ

first-person singular perfective of nitʼááh: think (that such and such was the case, only to find out otherwise)


iiniłchééh

anishchééh (first-person imperfective singular)
aniilchééh (duoplural first-person imperfective)
adaniilchééh (first-person imperfective plural)
aníłchééh (imperfective second-person singular)
anołchééh (duoplural imperfective second-person)
adanołchééh (imperfective plural second-person)
iiniłchééh (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
adeiniłchééh (imperfective plural third-person)
azhniłchééh (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
adazhniłchééh (fourth-person imperfective plural)
anííłchą́ą́ʼ (first-person perfective singular)
aniilchą́ą́ʼ (duoplural first-person perfective)
adaniilchą́ą́ʼ (first-person perfective plural)
anííníłchą́ą́ʼ (perfective second-person singular)
anoołchą́ą́ʼ (duoplural perfective second-person)
adanoołchą́ą́ʼ (perfective plural second-person)
iinííłchą́ą́ʼ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
adeineeshchą́ą́ʼ (perfective plural third-person)
azhnííłchą́ą́ʼ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
adazhneeshchą́ą́ʼ (fourth-person perfective plural)

ʼa- (“away”) + -y- (3rd person object prefix) + -ni- (thematic) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier, causative) + -chééh (imperfective stem of root -CHĄ́Ą́ʼ, “to flee”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-CHĄ́Ą́ʼ</i>


nízaad

ní- (comparative) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -zaad (neuter comparative stem of root -ZAAD, “to be far”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-zaad</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ZAAD</i>

it is far, distant (in space or in time)


łíidilchí

łídíshchí (first-person imperfective singular)
łídiilchí (duoplural first-person imperfective)
łídadiilchí (first-person imperfective plural)
łídílchí (imperfective second-person singular)
łídółchí (duoplural imperfective second-person)
łídadołchí (imperfective plural second-person)
łíidilchí (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
łídeidilchí (imperfective plural third-person)
łízhdílchí (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
łídazhdilchí (fourth-person imperfective plural)
łídéshchį́ (first-person perfective singular)
łídeelchį́ (duoplural first-person perfective)
łídadeelchį́ (first-person perfective plural)
łídínílchį́ (perfective second-person singular)
łídishoołchį́ (duoplural perfective second-person)
łídadishoołchį́ (perfective plural second-person)
łíideeshchį́ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
łídeideeshchį́ (perfective plural third-person)
łízhdeeshchį́ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
łídazhdeeshchį́ (fourth-person perfective plural)

łí- (“extort”) + -y- (3rd person object prefix) + -di- (thematic) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -l- (classifier) + -chí (conclusive imperfective stem of root -CHĮ́, “to come into being”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-chí</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-CHĮ́</i>

he/she is flattering him/her up as a prelude to a request or favor


neiłdo

naashdo (first-person imperfective singular)
neiildo (duoplural first-person imperfective)
nideiildo (first-person imperfective plural)
naniłdo (imperfective second-person singular)
naałdo (duoplural imperfective second-person)
nidaałdo (imperfective plural second-person)
neiłdo (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
nideiłdo (imperfective plural third-person)
nijiłdo (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
nidajiłdo (fourth-person imperfective plural)
niséłdo (first-person perfective singular)
nisiildo (duoplural first-person perfective)
nidasiildo (first-person perfective plural)
nisíníłdo (perfective second-person singular)
nisoołdo (duoplural perfective second-person)
nidasoołdo (perfective plural second-person)
neisdo (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
nideisdo (perfective plural third-person)
nijisdo (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
nidajisdo (fourth-person perfective plural)
ndeeshdoh (first-person future singular)
ndiildoh (duoplural first-person future)
ndadiildoh (first-person future plural)
ndííłdoh (future second-person singular)
ndoołdoh (duoplural future second-person)
ndadoołdoh (future plural second-person)
neidoołdoh (duoplural future singular third-person)
ndeidoołdoh (future plural third-person)
nizhdoołdoh (duoplural fourth-person future singular)
ndazhdoołdoh (fourth-person future plural)

na- (atelic, circuital) + -y- (3rd person object prefix) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier, causative) + -do (continuative imperfective stem of root -DO, “gas floats”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-do</i>

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-DO</i>


neichʼid

naashchʼid (first-person imperfective singular)
neiichʼid (duoplural first-person imperfective)
nideiichʼid (first-person imperfective plural)
nanichʼid (imperfective second-person singular)
naahchʼid (duoplural imperfective second-person)
nidaahchʼid (imperfective plural second-person)
neichʼid (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
nideichʼid (imperfective plural third-person)
nijichʼid (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
nidajichʼid (fourth-person imperfective plural)
nishéchʼid (first-person perfective singular)
nishiichʼid (duoplural first-person perfective)
nidashiichʼid (first-person perfective plural)
nishíníchʼid (perfective second-person singular)
nishoochʼid (duoplural perfective second-person)
nidashoochʼid (perfective plural second-person)
neizhchʼid (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
nideizhchʼid (perfective plural third-person)
nijizhchʼid (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
nidajizhchʼid (fourth-person perfective plural)
ndeeshchʼił (first-person future singular)
ndiichʼił (duoplural first-person future)
ndadiichʼił (first-person future plural)
ndííchʼił (future second-person singular)
ndoohchʼił (duoplural future second-person)
ndadoohchʼił (future plural second-person)
neidoochʼił (duoplural future singular third-person)
ndeidoochʼił (future plural third-person)
nizhdoochʼił (duoplural fourth-person future singular)
ndazhdoochʼił (fourth-person future plural)

na- (atelic, circuital) + -y- (3rd person object prefix) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -chʼid (continuative imperfective stem of root -CHʼID, “to scratch”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-chʼid</i>

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-CHʼID</i>

he/she is directing it, managing it (a business), handling it (a tractor)


nayiiłniih

nahashniih (first-person imperfective singular)
nahiilniih (duoplural first-person imperfective)
nidahiilniih (first-person imperfective plural)
nahíłniih (imperfective second-person singular)
nahołniih (duoplural imperfective second-person)
nidahołniih (imperfective plural second-person)
nayiiłniih (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
nidayiiłniih (imperfective plural third-person)
nijiiłniih (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
nidajiiłniih (fourth-person imperfective plural)
naháłniiʼ (first-person perfective singular)
naheelniiʼ (duoplural first-person perfective)
nidaheelniiʼ (first-person perfective plural)
nahíníłniiʼ (perfective second-person singular)
nahisoołniiʼ (duoplural perfective second-person)
nidahisoołniiʼ (perfective plural second-person)
nayiisniiʼ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
nidayiisniiʼ (perfective plural third-person)
nijiisniiʼ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
nidajiisniiʼ (fourth-person perfective plural)
nahideeshnih (first-person future singular)
nahidiilnih (duoplural first-person future)
ndahidiilnih (first-person future plural)
nahidííłnih (future second-person singular)
nahidoołnih (duoplural future second-person)
ndahidoołnih (future plural second-person)
neidiyoołnih (duoplural future singular third-person)
ndeidiyoołnih (future plural third-person)
nizhdiyoołnih (duoplural fourth-person future singular)
ndazhdiyoołnih (fourth-person future plural)

/nɑ̀jìːɬnìːh/

na- (atelic, circuital) + -y- (3rd person object prefix) + -hi- (seriative) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -niih (imperfective stem of root -NIIʼ, “to act with the hand”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-niih</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-NIIʼ</i>

Baa nayiiłniih

Bichʼįʼ nayiiłniih

Baa nahaniih (passive)

he sells it (lit. it is bought from him)

he/she is buying it, selling it, bartering it


náyiilááh

náháshłááh (first-person imperfective singular)
náhiidlááh (duoplural first-person imperfective)
nídahiidlááh (first-person imperfective plural)
náhílááh (imperfective second-person singular)
náhóhłááh (duoplural imperfective second-person)
nídahohłááh (imperfective plural second-person)
náyiilááh (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
nídayiilááh (imperfective plural third-person)
níjiilááh (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
nídajiilááh (fourth-person imperfective plural)
náhálááʼ (first-person perfective singular)
náhaadlááʼ (duoplural first-person perfective)
nídahaadlááʼ (first-person perfective plural)
náhínílááʼ (perfective second-person singular)
náhisoolááʼ (duoplural perfective second-person)
nídahisoolááʼ (perfective plural second-person)
náyiizlááʼ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
nídayiizlááʼ (perfective plural third-person)
níjiizlááʼ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
nídajiizlááʼ (fourth-person perfective plural)

ná- (“upward”) + -y- (3rd person object prefix) + -hi- (seriative) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -lááh (imperfective stem of root -LÁÁʼ, “to gather”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-lááh</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-LÁÁʼ</i>

he/she is picking them up, choosing them, gathering them


niłchon

nishchon (first-person imperfective singular)
niilchon (duoplural first-person imperfective)
daniilchon (first-person imperfective plural)
níłchon (imperfective second-person singular)
nołchon (duoplural imperfective second-person)
danołchon (imperfective plural second-person)
niłchon (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
daniłchon (imperfective plural third-person)
jíłchon (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dajíłchon (fourth-person imperfective plural)

ni- (modal) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -chon (imperfective stem of root -CHĄ́Ą́ʼ, “to smell”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-chon</i>


neichʼąąh

naashchʼąąh (first-person imperfective singular)
neiichʼąąh (duoplural first-person imperfective)
nideiichʼąąh (first-person imperfective plural)
nanichʼąąh (imperfective second-person singular)
naahchʼąąh (duoplural imperfective second-person)
nidaahchʼąąh (imperfective plural second-person)
neichʼąąh (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
nideichʼąąh (imperfective plural third-person)
nijichʼąąh (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
nidajichʼąąh (fourth-person imperfective plural)
nishéchʼąąʼ (first-person perfective singular)
nishiichʼąąʼ (duoplural first-person perfective)
nidashiichʼąąʼ (first-person perfective plural)
nishíníchʼąąʼ (perfective second-person singular)
nishoochʼąąʼ (duoplural perfective second-person)
nidashoochʼąąʼ (perfective plural second-person)
neizhchʼąąʼ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
nideizhchʼąąʼ (perfective plural third-person)
nijizhchʼąąʼ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
nidajizhchʼąąʼ (fourth-person perfective plural)
naashchʼąąʼ (passive)
nabiʼdishchʼąąʼ (agentive passive)
nideeshchʼąh (first-person future singular)
nidiichʼąh (duoplural first-person future)
nidadiichʼąh (first-person future plural)
nidííchʼąh (future second-person singular)
nidoohchʼąh (duoplural future second-person)
nidadoohchʼąh (future plural second-person)
neidoochʼąh (duoplural future singular third-person)
nideidoochʼąh (future plural third-person)
nizhdoochʼąh (duoplural fourth-person future singular)
nidazhdoochʼąh (fourth-person future plural)

na- (atelic, circuital) + -y- (3rd person object prefix) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -chʼąąh (continuative imperfective stem of root -CHʼĄĄʼ, “to decorate”).

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-chʼąąh</i>

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-CHʼĄĄʼ</i>

he/she is decorating it, illustrating it (a book)

he/she is making it (a drawing or painting)

he/she is drawing or painting it (the subject matter), depicting it by drawing or painting


neezkʼaz

ni- (thematic) + -eez- (si-perfective 3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -kʼaz (neuter perfective stem of root -KʼAAZ, “to be cold ”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-kʼaz</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-KʼAAZ</i>


yiyiiłhé

sisxé (first-person imperfective singular)
siilyé (duoplural first-person imperfective)
dasiilyé (first-person imperfective plural)
síłhé (imperfective second-person singular)
sołhé (duoplural imperfective second-person)
dasołhé (imperfective plural second-person)
yiyiiłhé (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
dayiiłhé (imperfective plural third-person)
jiiłhé (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dajiiłhé (fourth-person imperfective plural)
séłhį́ (first-person perfective singular)
siilyį́ (duoplural first-person perfective)
dasiilyį́ (first-person perfective plural)
síníłhį́ (perfective second-person singular)
soołhį́ (duoplural perfective second-person)
dasoołhį́ (perfective plural second-person)
yiyiisxį́ (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
dayiisxį́ (perfective plural third-person)
jiisxį́ (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
dajiisxį́ (fourth-person perfective plural)
diyeeshhééł (first-person future singular)
diyiilyééł (duoplural first-person future)
dadiyiilyééł (first-person future plural)
diyííłhééł (future second-person singular)
diyoołhééł (duoplural future second-person)
dadiyoołhééł (future plural second-person)
yidiyoołhééł (duoplural future singular third-person)
deidiyoołhééł (future plural third-person)
jidiyoołhééł (duoplural fourth-person future singular)
dazhdiyoołhééł (fourth-person future plural)

y- (3rd person object prefix) + -si- (“death”) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -yé (conclusive imperfective stem of root -YĮ́, “to kill — 1 object”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-yé</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-YĮ́</i>


halchin

honishchin (first-person imperfective singular)
honiilchin (duoplural first-person imperfective)
dahoniilchin (first-person imperfective plural)
honílchin (imperfective second-person singular)
honołchin (duoplural imperfective second-person)
dahonołchin (imperfective plural second-person)
halchin (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
dahalchin (imperfective plural third-person)
hojílchin (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dahojílchin (fourth-person imperfective plural)

ho- (“space, area, things”) + -∅- (ni-modal 3rd person subject prefix) + -l- (classifier) + -chin (neuter imperfective stem of root -CHĄ́Ą́ʼ, “to smell”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-chin</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-CHĄ́Ą́ʼ</i>

he/she/it smells like it, has the odor of it


naazhjool

shijool (perfective singular third-person)
naazhjool (perfective plural third-person)
ndaazhjool (distributive perfective plural third-person)

na- (atelic, circuital) + -z- (si-perfective 3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -jool (neuter perfective stem of root -JOOL, “non-compact matter moves or lies”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-jool</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-JOOL</i>

nv-link-to-root

they lie around somewhere, are located somewhere (non-compact matter as a wig, hay, wool)


naazʼą́

siʼą́ (perfective singular third-person)
naazʼą́ (perfective plural third-person)
ndaazʼą́ (distributive perfective plural third-person)

na- (atelic, circuital) + -z- (si-perfective 3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -ʼą́ (neuter perfective stem of root -ʼĄ́, “to handle a solid roundish object”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ʼą́</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ʼĄ́</i>

nv-link-to-root

they (solid roundish objects) lie around somewhere, are located somewhere


hadibin

hadiibin (duoplural first-person imperfective)
hadibin (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
hadiibįįd (duoplural first-person perfective)
hadéébįįd (duoplural perfective singular third-person)

/hɑ̀tɪ̀pɪ̀n/

ha- (“completeness”) + -di- (thematic) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -bin (imperfective stem of root -BĮĮD, “to fill”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-bin</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-BĮĮD</i>

Shikeeʼ tó biiʼ hadéébįįd.

Hooghan góneʼ hadiibin.

The house is full of us, we fill the house.

it fills something up, something gets full of it


naałchid

naashchid (first-person imperfective singular)
neiilchid (duoplural first-person imperfective)
nideiilchid (first-person imperfective plural)
naniłchid (imperfective second-person singular)
naałchid (duoplural imperfective second-person)
nidaałchid (imperfective plural second-person)
naałchid (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
nidaałchid (imperfective plural third-person)
nijiłchid (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
nidajiłchid (fourth-person imperfective plural)
nishéłchid (first-person perfective singular)
nishiilchid (duoplural first-person perfective)
nidashiilchid (first-person perfective plural)
nishíníłchid (perfective second-person singular)
nishoołchid (duoplural perfective second-person)
nidashoołchid (perfective plural second-person)
naashchid (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
nidaashchid (perfective plural third-person)
nijishchid (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
nidajishchid (fourth-person perfective plural)
ndeeshchił (first-person future singular)
ndiilchił (duoplural first-person future)
ndadiilchił (first-person future plural)
ndííłchił (future second-person singular)
ndoołchił (duoplural future second-person)
ndadoołchił (future plural second-person)
ndoołchił (duoplural future singular third-person)
ndadoołchił (future plural third-person)
nizhdoołchił (duoplural fourth-person future singular)
ndazhdoołchił (fourth-person future plural)

na- (atelic, circuital) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier, thematic) + -chid (continuative imperfective stem of root -CHID, “to move hand”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-chid</i>

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-CHID</i>

he/she is gesturing, signaling with his/her hands

second-person duoplural imperfective of naałchid


náldzid

násdzid (first-person imperfective singular)
néiildzid (duoplural first-person imperfective)
nídeiildzid (first-person imperfective plural)
náníldzid (imperfective second-person singular)
náłdzid (duoplural imperfective second-person)
nídaałdzid (imperfective plural second-person)
náldzid (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
nídaaldzid (imperfective plural third-person)
níjíldzid (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
nídajildzid (fourth-person imperfective plural)
nísísdzííd (first-person perfective singular)
nísiildzííd (duoplural first-person perfective)
nídasiildzííd (first-person perfective plural)
nísíníldzííd (perfective second-person singular)
nísoołdzííd (duoplural perfective second-person)
nídasoołdzííd (perfective plural second-person)
násdzííd (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
nídaasdzííd (perfective plural third-person)
níjísdzííd (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
nídajisdzííd (fourth-person perfective plural)

ná- (thematic) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -l- (classifier) + -dzid (imperfective stem of root -DZÍÍD, “to be afraid”)

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-dzid</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-DZÍÍD</i>


naaztłééʼ

sitłééʼ (perfective singular third-person)
naaztłééʼ (perfective plural third-person)
ndaaztłééʼ (distributive perfective plural third-person)

na- (atelic, circuital) + -z- (si-perfective 3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -tłééʼ (neuter perfective stem of root -TŁÉÉʼ, “to handle mushy matter”).

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-tłééʼ</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-TŁÉÉʼ</i>

they (mushy matter as mud, butter) lie around somewhere, are located somewhere


nídon

ní- (ni-perfective 3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -don (neuter perfective stem of root -DǪǪD, “to straighten up”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-don</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-DǪǪD</i>


naastsooz

siłtsooz (perfective singular third-person)
naastsooz (perfective plural third-person)
ndaastsooz (distributive perfective plural third-person)

na- (atelic, circuital) + -s- (si-perfective 3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -tsooz (neuter perfective stem of root -TSOOZ, “to handle a flat flexible object”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-tsooz</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-TSOOZ</i>

nv-link-to-root

they lie around somewhere, are located somewhere (flat flexible objects as sheets, paper)