"-HAI" meaning in Navajo

See -HAI in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Root

Etymology: From Proto-Athabaskan *x̣aɣʸ (“winter”). In Navajo, the initial fricative *x̣ of Proto-Athabaskan didn't sonorize to gh, so in verbal stems and in the nominal stem hai (“winter”) the initial voiceless fricative h is maintained (with the exception of the adverbial derivative díí ghaaí or dííghaaí (“this winter”), which shows a later sonorization). See also -ZHĮ́ (“summer”) for a similar situation. Etymology templates: {{inh|nv|ath-pro|*x̣aɣʸ||winter}} Proto-Athabaskan *x̣aɣʸ (“winter”) Head templates: {{head|nv|root}} -HAI
  1. a winter, a year passes Tags: morpheme

Download JSON data for -HAI meaning in Navajo (1.4kB)

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "english": "spring",
      "word": "-DĄĄD"
    },
    {
      "english": "fall",
      "word": "-KʼEED"
    },
    {
      "english": "summer",
      "word": "-ZHĮ́"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nv",
        "2": "ath-pro",
        "3": "*x̣aɣʸ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "winter"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Athabaskan *x̣aɣʸ (“winter”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Athabaskan *x̣aɣʸ (“winter”).\nIn Navajo, the initial fricative *x̣ of Proto-Athabaskan didn't sonorize to gh, so in verbal stems and in the nominal stem hai (“winter”) the initial voiceless fricative h is maintained (with the exception of the adverbial derivative díí ghaaí or dííghaaí (“this winter”), which shows a later sonorization). See also -ZHĮ́ (“summer”) for a similar situation.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nv",
        "2": "root"
      },
      "expansion": "-HAI",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Navajo",
  "lang_code": "nv",
  "pos": "root",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Navajo entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Navajo roots",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Navajo terms belonging to the root -HAI (winter passes)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a winter, a year passes"
      ],
      "id": "en--HAI-nv-root-IxLyvt0Y",
      "links": [
        [
          "winter",
          "winter"
        ],
        [
          "year",
          "year"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-HAI"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "english": "spring",
      "word": "-DĄĄD"
    },
    {
      "english": "fall",
      "word": "-KʼEED"
    },
    {
      "english": "summer",
      "word": "-ZHĮ́"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nv",
        "2": "ath-pro",
        "3": "*x̣aɣʸ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "winter"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Athabaskan *x̣aɣʸ (“winter”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Athabaskan *x̣aɣʸ (“winter”).\nIn Navajo, the initial fricative *x̣ of Proto-Athabaskan didn't sonorize to gh, so in verbal stems and in the nominal stem hai (“winter”) the initial voiceless fricative h is maintained (with the exception of the adverbial derivative díí ghaaí or dííghaaí (“this winter”), which shows a later sonorization). See also -ZHĮ́ (“summer”) for a similar situation.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nv",
        "2": "root"
      },
      "expansion": "-HAI",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Navajo",
  "lang_code": "nv",
  "pos": "root",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Navajo entries with incorrect language header",
        "Navajo lemmas",
        "Navajo roots",
        "Navajo terms belonging to the root -HAI (winter passes)",
        "Navajo terms derived from Proto-Athabaskan",
        "Navajo terms inherited from Proto-Athabaskan"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a winter, a year passes"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "winter",
          "winter"
        ],
        [
          "year",
          "year"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-HAI"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Navajo dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (91e95e7 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.