"-HAI" meaning in Navajo

See -HAI in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Root

Etymology: From Proto-Athabaskan *x̣αy (“winter”). In Navajo, the initial fricative *x̣ of Proto-Athabaskan did not sonorize to gh, so in verbal stems and in the nominal stem hai (“winter”) the initial voiceless fricative h is maintained (with the exception of the adverbial derivative díí ghaaí or dííghaaí (“this winter”), which shows a later sonorization). See also -ZHĮ́ (“summer”) for a similar situation. Etymology templates: {{inh|nv|ath-pro|*x̣αy||winter}} Proto-Athabaskan *x̣αy (“winter”) Head templates: {{head|nv|root}} -HAI
  1. a winter, a year passes Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--HAI-nv-root-IxLyvt0Y Categories (other): Navajo entries with incorrect language header, Navajo roots, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "english": "spring",
      "translation": "spring",
      "word": "-DĄĄD"
    },
    {
      "english": "summer",
      "translation": "summer",
      "word": "-ZHĮ́"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nv",
        "2": "ath-pro",
        "3": "*x̣αy",
        "4": "",
        "5": "winter"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Athabaskan *x̣αy (“winter”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Athabaskan *x̣αy (“winter”).\nIn Navajo, the initial fricative *x̣ of Proto-Athabaskan did not sonorize to gh, so in verbal stems and in the nominal stem hai (“winter”) the initial voiceless fricative h is maintained (with the exception of the adverbial derivative díí ghaaí or dííghaaí (“this winter”), which shows a later sonorization). See also -ZHĮ́ (“summer”) for a similar situation.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nv",
        "2": "root"
      },
      "expansion": "-HAI",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Navajo",
  "lang_code": "nv",
  "pos": "root",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Navajo entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Navajo roots",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a winter, a year passes"
      ],
      "id": "en--HAI-nv-root-IxLyvt0Y",
      "links": [
        [
          "winter",
          "winter"
        ],
        [
          "year",
          "year"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-HAI"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "english": "spring",
      "translation": "spring",
      "word": "-DĄĄD"
    },
    {
      "english": "summer",
      "translation": "summer",
      "word": "-ZHĮ́"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nv",
        "2": "ath-pro",
        "3": "*x̣αy",
        "4": "",
        "5": "winter"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Athabaskan *x̣αy (“winter”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Athabaskan *x̣αy (“winter”).\nIn Navajo, the initial fricative *x̣ of Proto-Athabaskan did not sonorize to gh, so in verbal stems and in the nominal stem hai (“winter”) the initial voiceless fricative h is maintained (with the exception of the adverbial derivative díí ghaaí or dííghaaí (“this winter”), which shows a later sonorization). See also -ZHĮ́ (“summer”) for a similar situation.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nv",
        "2": "root"
      },
      "expansion": "-HAI",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Navajo",
  "lang_code": "nv",
  "pos": "root",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Navajo entries with incorrect language header",
        "Navajo lemmas",
        "Navajo roots",
        "Navajo terms derived from Proto-Athabaskan",
        "Navajo terms inherited from Proto-Athabaskan",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a winter, a year passes"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "winter",
          "winter"
        ],
        [
          "year",
          "year"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-HAI"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -HAI meaning in Navajo (1.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Navajo dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (d1270d2 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.