sin

biyiin (possessed-form)
shiyiin (first-person singular)
nihiyiin (duoplural first-person)
danihiyiin (first-person plural)
niyiin (second-person singular)
nihiyiin (duoplural second-person)
danihiyiin (plural second-person)
biyiin (third-person)
yiyiin (fourth-person)
hayiin (fourth-person)
ayiin (indefinite)

From Proto-Athabaskan *xʸən (“shaman's power, medicine, song”). Related to -YĮĮD (“to be holy”), from Proto-Athabaskan *ɣʸən (“to act as a shaman, to be endowed with supernatural powers”).
Compare Ahtna sen (“spiritual power, medicine”), Koyukon sən (“shaman's spirit”), Gwich'in shan (“shamanism, magic”), Tlingit shí, shī, shi(n) (“sing, song”), Eyak tsį, Dena'ina shen, Galice šan (“song”), Lipan shį̀.


alzhish

ashzhish (first-person imperfective singular)
iilzhish (duoplural first-person imperfective)
daʼiilzhish (first-person imperfective plural)
ílzhish (imperfective second-person singular)
ołzhish (duoplural imperfective second-person)
daʼołzhish (imperfective plural second-person)
alzhish (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
daʼalzhish (imperfective plural third-person)
ajilzhish (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
daʼjilzhish (fourth-person imperfective plural)
eeshzhiizh (first-person perfective singular)
iilzhiizh (duoplural first-person perfective)
daʼiilzhiizh (first-person perfective plural)
íínílzhiizh (perfective second-person singular)
oołzhiizh (duoplural perfective second-person)
daʼoołzhiizh (perfective plural second-person)
oolzhiizh (duoplural perfective singular third-person)
daʼoolzhiizh (perfective plural third-person)
ajoolzhiizh (duoplural fourth-person perfective singular)
daʼjoolzhiizh (fourth-person perfective plural)
adeeshzhish (first-person future singular)
adiilzhish (duoplural first-person future)
daʼdiilzhish (first-person future plural)
adíílzhish (future second-person singular)
adoołzhish (duoplural future second-person)
daʼdoołzhish (future plural second-person)
adoolzhish (duoplural future singular third-person)
daʼdoolzhish (future plural third-person)
azhdoolzhish (duoplural fourth-person future singular)
dazhʼdoolzhish (fourth-person future plural)

ʼa- (unspecified person object prefix) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -l- (classifier) + -zhish (imperfective stem of root -ZHIIZH, “to poke, move rhythmically”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-zhish</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-ZHIIZH</i>


Doodaatsaahii

doo (“not”) + daatsaah (“he dies”) + -ii (nominalizer), “he that does not die”.


Jíísas

From English Jesus, from Latin Iēsus, from Ancient Greek Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs), from Biblical Hebrew יֵשׁוּעַ (yēšū́aʿ).


tééhoołtsódii

tééh (“deep water”) + hoołtsóód (“it grabs things”) + -ii (nominalizer)

(mythology) a monster that lived in the water and that would grab and drag its victims into the water


Wikiibíídiiya

/wɪ̀kʰìːpíːtìːjɑ̀/

From English Wikipedia, from Hawaiian wikiwiki (“fast, quick”) and English encyclopedia.


ínsadoobíídiiya

/ʔɪ́nsɑ̀tòːpíːtìːjɑ̀/


chąąʼ

bichaan (possessed-form)
shichaan (first-person singular)
nihichaan (duoplural first-person)
danihichaan (first-person plural)
nichaan (second-person singular)
nihichaan (duoplural second-person)
danihichaan (plural second-person)
bichaan (third-person)
yichaan (fourth-person)
hachaan (fourth-person)
achaan (indefinite)

lókʼeeshchąąʼí

youngest member of a family, last child born


béeso bá hooghan

béeso (“money”) + bá hooghan (“a house for it”), from bá (“for it”) + hooghan (“house”)


chizh

Cognate with Western Apache chizh, Chipewyan tsez, Beaver chvch, Carrier tsez, Sekani tsvz, Ahtna tsets.

wood, log, firewood, kindling, dead wood


naaltsoos

shinaaltsoos (first-person singular)
nihinaaltsoos (duoplural first-person)
danihinaaltsoos (first-person plural)
ninaaltsoos (second-person singular)
nihinaaltsoos (duoplural second-person)
danihinaaltsoos (plural second-person)
binaaltsoos (third-person)
yinaaltsoos (fourth-person)
hanaaltsoos (fourth-person)
anaaltsoos (indefinite)

na- (“around, about”) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + l- (classifier) + -tsoos (“carry a flat flexible object”, imperfective verb stem)

papers, documentation, printed material:


alzhishí

alzhish (“he/she dances”) + -í (nominalizer)


hooghan

shighan (first-person singular)
nihighan (duoplural first-person)
danihighan (first-person plural)
nighan (second-person singular)
nihighan (duoplural second-person)
danihighan (plural second-person)
bighan (third-person)
yighan (fourth-person)
haghan (fourth-person)
aghan (indefinite)

ho- (deictic pronoun denoting space or area) + -ghan (verb stem meaning to live, reside)

Hooghan baa hashneʼ dooleeł.
Haʼaʼaahdę́ę́ʼ yah ajighááh. Ákweʼé nitsáhákees silá.
Shádiʼááhjígo dashdiighááh. Ákweʼé nahatʼá silá.
Áádóó eʼeʼaahjígo dashdiighááh. Ákweʼé iiná silá.
Áádóó náhookǫsjígo dashdiighááh. Ákweʼé sih hasin silá.
I will speak about the hogan.
You enter from the east. Here thought exists.
You head toward the south. Here planning exists.
You head toward the west. Here life exists.
You head toward the north. Here wisdom exists.


naʼashǫ́ʼiitsoh

From naʼashǫ́ʼii (“lizard”) + -tsoh (“big”).


naaltsoos wóltaʼí

naaltsoos (“page, book”) + wóltaʼ (“it is read”) + -í (“nominalizer”)


diyin

dinishyin (first-person imperfective singular)
diniigin (duoplural first-person imperfective)
dadiniigin (first-person imperfective plural)
diníyin (imperfective second-person singular)
dinohyin (duoplural imperfective second-person)
dadinohyin (imperfective plural second-person)
diyin (duoplural imperfective singular third-person)
dadiyin (imperfective plural third-person)
jidiyin (duoplural fourth-person imperfective singular)
dazhdiyin (fourth-person imperfective plural)

di- (“sanctity”) + -∅- (ni-modal 3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -yin (neuter imperfective stem of root -YĮĮD, “to be holy”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-yin</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-YĮĮD</i>


Ééʼ neishoodii

From ééʼ (“shirt”) + neishood (“he drags it about”) + -ii (nominalizer).


agaanstsiin

agaan (“arm”) + -s- (ligature) + atsiin (“stem, stalk”). Doublet of agąąstsiin.


nahaghá

binahaghaʼ (possessed-form)
shinahaghaʼ (first-person singular)
nihinahaghaʼ (duoplural first-person)
danihinahaghaʼ (first-person plural)
ninahaghaʼ (second-person singular)
nihinahaghaʼ (duoplural second-person)
danihinahaghaʼ (plural second-person)
binahaghaʼ (third-person)
yinahaghaʼ (fourth-person)
hanahaghaʼ (fourth-person)
anahaghaʼ (indefinite)


ééʼ neishoodii

From ééʼ (“shirt”) + neishood (“he drags it around”) + -ii (nominalizer).


hataałii

From hataał (“he sings”) + -ii (nominalizing suffix).


ééʼneishoodii bikin

From ééʼ (“shirt”) + neishoodii (“what he drags around”) + bikin (“his house”).


chʼį́įdiitah

chʼį́įdii (“evil spirit, ghost, devil”) + -tah (“place where”)


yáʼąąsh

heaven, celestial space, region beyond the sky


Bóhólníihii bisodizin

bóhólnííh (“he is in authority”) + -ii (“nominalizer”) + bi- (“his”) + sodizin (“prayer”)

The Lord's Prayer. See the citations page.


bikin

shikin (first-person singular)
nihikin (duoplural first-person)
danihikin (first-person plural)
nikin (second-person singular)
nihikin (duoplural second-person)
danihikin (plural second-person)
bikin (third-person)
yikin (fourth-person)
hakin (fourth-person)
akin (indefinite)

bi- (3rd person possessive) + kin (“house”)


bighan

dabighan (plural)
shighan (first-person singular)
nihighan (duoplural first-person)
danihighan (first-person plural)
nighan (second-person singular)
nihighan (duoplural second-person)
danihighan (plural second-person)
bighan (third-person)
yighan (fourth-person)
haghan (fourth-person)
aghan (indefinite)


eʼelyaaígíí

From eʼelyaa (“photograph”) + -ígíí (nominalizer).

af

the photograph, the picture, the replica, the image (definitive form of eʼelyaa)


iikááh

iikááh áshłééh


hataał

ho- (“space, area, things”) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -taał (durative imperfective stem of root -TÁÁL, “to sing”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-taał</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-TÁÁL</i>


naalyéhé bá hooghan

naalyéhé (“goods”) + bá (“for it”) + hooghan (“house”)

department store, trading post, general store


Asdzą́ą́ Nádleehé

/ʔɑ̀st͡sɑ̃́ː nɑ́tˡèːhɛ́/

Compare Chiricahua Isdzánádleeshéń (“White Painted Woman”)


aahwiinítʼį́ bá hooghan

aahwiinítʼį́ (“trial”) + bá (“for it”) + hooghan (“house”)


tsáskʼeh bá hooghan

tsáskʼeh (“bed”) + bá (“for it”) + hooghan (“house”)


aseezį́ binaaltsoos

From aseezį́ (“gossip”) and bi- (“third-person possessive”) + naaltsoos (“pages”).


tʼáá ákótʼée doo

head

tʼáá ákótʼée doo

/tʼáː ʔákʰótʼêː tòː/

tʼáá (“just”) + ákótʼé (“it is thus”) + doo (“it will be”)


ásaaʼ

beʼésaʼ (possessed-form)
sheʼésaʼ (first-person singular)
niheʼésaʼ (duoplural first-person)
daniheʼésaʼ (first-person plural)
neʼésaʼ (second-person singular)
niheʼésaʼ (duoplural second-person)
daniheʼésaʼ (plural second-person)
beʼésaʼ (third-person)
yeʼésaʼ (fourth-person)
hweʼésaʼ (fourth-person)
sheʼésaaʼ (first-person singular)
niheʼésaaʼ (duoplural first-person)
daniheʼésaaʼ (first-person plural)
neʼésaaʼ (second-person singular)
niheʼésaaʼ (duoplural second-person)
daniheʼésaaʼ (plural second-person)
beʼésaaʼ (third-person)
yeʼésaaʼ (fourth-person)
hweʼésaaʼ (fourth-person)

Possibly Proto-Athabaskan *usa̓sakʸ, suggested to be of Eskimo-Aleut origin, compare Aleut isxatix (“grass basket”). Cognate with Chiricahua ʼísaa, Eyak ʼishXah, Tsuut'ina ʼásaʼ, Dena'ina isukʼ.


haneʼ binaaltsoos

From haneʼ (“news”) and bi- (“third-person possessive”) + naaltsoos (“pages”).


Áłtsé Asdzą́ą́

Áłtsé Asdzą́ą́

Áłtsé Asdzą́ą́


Tóbájíshchíní

tó (“water”) + bá (“for it”) + jízhchį́ (“He was born”) + -í (“nominalizer”). Compare Chiricahua Tóbájiishchinéń (“Child of the Water”).

cog

Asdzą́ą́ Nádleehé
Asdzą́ą́ Nádleehé#Navajo

“Born of Water”, “Child of the Water” (the younger of the Hero Twins, sons of Asdzą́ą́ Nádleehé)


Naayééʼ Neizghání

/nɑ̀ːjéːʔ nɛ̀ɪ̀zɣɑ́nɪ́/

Compare Chiricahua Naaghééʼneesgháné (“Killer of Enemies”).

“Monster Slayer” (the elder of the Hero Twins, sons of Asdzą́ą́ Nádleehé)


yéʼii

From yééʼ (“fear, terror”) + -ii (nominalizer).


yéʼiitsoh

/jɛ́ʔìːt͡sʰox/

From yéʼii (“god”) + -tsoh (“big”).
Compare Chiricahua Ghééʼyeń (“the Giant”), from ghééʼye (“giant”).


naʼníʼá

Chidí deiyíjeehígíí bikáaʼdi haʼnaa naʼníʼá

Áko díí haʼnaa naʼníʼáhígíí bikáaʼdi diné nehekááh


naalkidgo bee bééhoʼdílzin

naalkid (“(a movie) is rolled”) + -go (“while”) + bee (“by means of it”) + bééhoʼdílzin (“he is famous”)


Ndaʼiiníísh Yáʼátʼéehii

Ndaʼiiníísh (“Friday”) + yáʼátʼééh (“good”) + -ii (“nominalizer”)


Jesus Biʼdiisxínę́ędą́ą́ʼ Bééhániih

Jesus + biʼdiisxį́ (“he was killed”) + -ę́ę (“at that time back then”) + -dą́ą́ʼ (“marking a point in the past”) + bééhániih (“it is remembered”)


head

Jesus Daaztsą́ą́dę́ę́ʼ Náádiidzáhígíí Bééhániih

Jesus + daaztsą́ (“he died”) + -dę́ę́ʼ (“from”) + náádiidzá (“he arose (from the dead)”) (from d- (classifier) + -yá (perfective stem meaning to go on foot)) + -ígíí (“nominalizer”) + bééhániih (“it is remembered”)


atsʼos bee alzhishí

atsʼos (“feather”) + bee (“by means of it”) + alzhish (“he dances”) + -í (“nominalizer”)

atsʼos bee alzhishí baa naʼaldeeh

atsʼos yee alzhishí


Yéʼiitsoh

/jɛ́ʔìːt͡sʰox/


Dah Naatʼaʼí Sǫʼ bił Sinil

The Star-Spangled Banner
The Star-Spangled Banner


awáalya

Awáalyadi doo shił yáʼáhootʼéeh da


Diyin God

diyin (“is sacred, is holy”) + English God


níłchʼi naalkidí

níłchʼi (“air”) + naalkid (“he sees it moving”) -í (nominalizer)


éélkid

Naʼníʼá Hótsaa hoolyéhígíí, chidí naatʼaʼídę́ę́ʼ éélkid

The place called Page, Arizona, photographed from an airplane.


naʼachʼąąh

na- (atelic, circuital) + -ʼa- (unspecified person object prefix) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -chʼąąh (continuative imperfective stem of root -CHʼĄĄʼ, “to decorate”).

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-chʼąąh</i>

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="nv">-CHʼĄĄʼ</i>


naaltsoos saad bee siʼánígíí

naaltsoos ("book") + saad ("word") + bee ("with it") + siʼą́ ("it is located") + -n- (ligature) + -ígíí (nominalizer)


biiʼndaʼaʼnéhé

biiʼ (“in, within”) + ndaané (“they are playing”), from naané (“he is playing”)


bééshbiiʼkǫǫʼítsoh

From béésh (“metal”) + biiʼ (“inside it”) + kǫʼ (“fire”) + -í (nominalizer) + -tsoh (“big”).

power plant, generating station, power station (coal-powered)


atsiniltłʼish bá hooghan

atsiniltłʼish (“electricity”) + bá (“for it”) + hooghan (“house”)

power plant, generating station, power station (general term)


béégashii bichaan

béégashii (“cow”) + bi- (“its”) + chąąʼ (“feces”)


Bóhólníihii

bóhólnííh (“he is in authority”) + -ii (“nominalizer”)


Diyin Dineʼé

the immortal Holy People who created the sun, moon, seasons, and stars.


naʼashchʼąąʼ

simple passive perfective of naʼachʼąąh: the painting of something unspecified occurred, something unspecified was painted.


Sǫʼtah Anah

/sõ̀ʔtʰɑ̀h ʔɑ̀nɑ̀ːʔ/

From sǫʼ (“stars”) + -tah (“among”) + anaaʼ (“state of war”).


Haashchʼééłtiʼí

haashchʼééh (“god”) + -ł- (classifier) + -tiʼ (perfective stem of -TIʼ (“to talk”)) + -í (“nominalizer”).

“Talking God” (one of the Diyin Dineʼé, Holy People, in the Navajo Creation story; his body is white)


Yoołgaii Asdzą́ą́

yoołgai (“white shell, white scallop seashell”) + asdzą́ą́ (“woman”)

White Shell Girl (she became tłʼéhonaaʼéí in the Navajo creation story)


álííl

sheʼálííl (first-person singular)
niheʼálííl (duoplural first-person)
daniheʼálííl (first-person plural)
neʼálííl (second-person singular)
niheʼálííl (duoplural second-person)
daniheʼálííl (plural second-person)
beʼálííl (third-person)
yeʼálííl (fourth-person)
hweʼálííl (fourth-person)


Níłchʼi Bidaʼiiníziinii Binantʼaʼí

níłchʼi (“spirit”) + da- (plural marker) + biʼiiníziinii (“demon, evil”) + binantʼaʼí (“their king”)


biwooʼ hólóní

bi- (“its”) + awooʼ (“tooth”) + hólǫ́ (“there is”) + -í (“nominalizer”)


áńt'į́

→ English: anti'l


Séítan

From English Satan, from Latin Satān, from Ancient Greek Σατάν (Satán), from Hebrew שָׂטָן (satán, “adversary, accuser”).