ᠤᠷᠲᠤ

mn-adj

ᠤᠷᠲᠤ • (urtu) (Cyrillic spelling урт (urt))

From Proto-Mongolic *urtu (“long”), compare East Yugur hurtu, Daur ort.


их

их • (ix) (Mongolian spelling ᠶᠡᠬᠡ (yeke))

From Proto-Mongolic *yeke, compare Kalmyk ик (ik).


ад

From Proto-Mongolic *ada, likely a borrowing from Old Uyghur [script needed] (ada, “menace”).


бор

mn-adj

бор • (bor) (Mongolian spelling ᠪᠣᠷᠤ (boru))

From Proto-Mongolic *bora, deriving or otherwise related with Proto-Turkic *boŕ.
Compare Dongxiang boro, Turkish boz.


баян

From Classical Mongolian ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ (bayan), from Middle Mongol ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ (bayan), from Proto-Mongolic *bajan. Cognate with Buryat баян (bajan), Kalmyk байн (bayn), etc.
Compare Proto-Turkic *bāj.

rich, luxuriant, abundant, opulent, splendid, affluent, wealthy, prosperous


хар

хар • (xar) (Mongolian spelling ᠬᠠᠷᠠ (qar-a))

From Proto-Mongolic *kara (“black”); compare Buryat хара (xara), Kalmyk хар (xar), Daur xara. Possibly borrowed from Proto-Turkic *kara (“black”), whence also Turkish kara and Uyghur قارا (qara).


ал

Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *āl (“scarlet”)


нам

нам • (nam) (Mongolian spelling ᠨᠠᠮ (nam))


биш

A colloquial variant of бус (bus), originally pronoun meaning another


эр

Perhaps from Proto-Turkic *ēr, compare Turkish er. Also possibly from Proto-Mongolic *ere (“man”)


эм

эм • (em) (Mongolian spelling ᠡᠮᠡ (em-e))

From Proto-Mongolic *eme (“mother, female”).
Compare also Khitan 麽 (mó), Korean 암 (am) (< Middle Korean 아ᇡ (amh)) and maybe Old Turkic [script needed] (oma) (< Proto-Turkic *eme).


цагаан

цагаан • (cagaan) (Mongolian spelling ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ (čaɣan))

→ Old Uyghur: 𐽽𐽰𐽲𐽰𐽺 (čagan)

From Proto-Mongolic *cagaxan, compare Buryat сагаан (sagaan), Kalmyk цаһан (tsağan), Dongxiang chighan.


хөнгөн

хөнгөн • (xöngön) (Mongolian spelling ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ (könggen))

xöngön (romanization)
ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ (Mongolian)

light (in weight), easy, airy, wakeful, soft, gentle, frothy, giddy, gossamer, kindly, mild, unsteady


болхи

болхи • (bolxi) (Mongolian spelling ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠢ (bolki))


түрэмгий

head

түрэмгий • (türemgii)


тунгалаг

mn-adj

тунгалаг • (tungalag) (Mongolian spelling ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ (tungɣalag))

tungalag (romanization)
ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ (Mongolian)


бардам

бардам • (bardam) (Mongolian spelling ᠪᠠᠷᠳᠠᠮ (bardam))

bardam (romanization)
ᠪᠠᠷᠳᠠᠮ (Mongolian)


саяхан

саяхан • (sajaxan) (Mongolian spelling ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ (sayiqan))

sajaxan (romanization)
ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ (Mongolian)


завгүй

завгүй • (zavgüj)


хэрэгтэй

хэрэг (xereg) + -тэй (-tej, adjectival suffix).

af

Энд тусламж хэрэгтэй байна.

Хэрэгтэй зүйлс


уул

Mongolian Cyrillic
 ᠤᠤᠯ
(uul) уул
(uul)
Compare Kalmyk уул (uul, “basic, fundamental, original, native, kindred, own”), juxtaposed with Proto-Turkic *ogul (Turkish oğul) by Ramstedt.
Doublet of уугуул (uuguul, “native”).


эх

From Proto-Mongolic *hekin (“brain, head, beginning”), compare Daur xeky (“head”).
Compare perhaps more distantly Manchu ᡶᡝᡥᡳ (fehi, “brain”).


араб

mn-adj

араб • (arab) (Mongolian spelling ᠠᠷᠠᠪ (arab))

араб хэл ― arab xel ― Arabic language

араб хүн


өмнө

өмнө • (ömnö) (Mongolian spelling ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ (emün-e))


ром

ром • (rom) (Mongolian spelling ᠷᠣᠮᠠ (roma))

ром тоо ― rom too ― Roman numeral

ром хүн


шар

# From Proto-Mongolic *sïra, compare Buryat шара (šara), Dongxiang shira.
# Akin to Proto-Turkic *siarïg (“yellow, white”), compare Turkish sarı (“yellow”), Chuvash шурӑ (šură, “white”).
# Doublet of шарга (šarga, “tawny”).


хий

хий • (xii) (Mongolian spelling ᠬᠡᠢ (kei))


бас

бас • (bas) (Mongolian spelling ᠪᠠᠰᠠ (basa))


далай

далай • (dalaj) (Mongolian spelling ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ (dalai))

From Proto-Mongolic *dalai (“sea, ocean”), compare Kalmyk дала (dala).
Somehow akin to Proto-Turkic *tāluy (“ocean”).


хур

хур • (xur) (Mongolian spelling ᠬᠤᠷ (qur))

Cognate with Buryat хур (xur), Kalmyk хур (xur), perhaps from Proto-Turkic *kur (“rank, time”), compare Hungarian kor (“age”), a possible Turkic loan.


дээр

# From Proto-Mongolic *dexe-re, equivalent to *дээ (*dee, “up”) + -р (-r). Compare Dongxiang jiere, Buryat дээрэ (deere), Kalmyk деер (deer) and Tuvan дээре (deere).
# Might be akin to or from Proto-Turkic *tepü (“top, hill, top of the head”), compare Kyrgyz дөбө (döbö), Turkish tepe.
# See also дэвсэг (devseg, “terrace”).


тоо

mn-adj

тоо • (too) (Mongolian spelling ᠲᠣᠭᠠ (tog-a))


ер

Mongolian Cyrillic
 ᠶᠡᠷᠦ
(yerü) ер
(jer)
Attested since the Yuan period Middle Mongol, limited to the central languages.
Compare Buryat юрэ (jure), Kalmyk йир (yir).


ил

ил • (il) (Mongolian spelling ᠢᠯᠡ (ile))

Compare Yakut илэ (ile, “explicitly, openly”).

ил захидал

ил уурхай

out in the open (not hidden; not inside)


хөх

Mongolian Cyrillic
 ᠬᠥᠬᠡ
(köke) хөх
(xöx)
From Proto-Mongolic *köke, compare Buryat хүхэ (xüxe). Borrowed from or cognate with Proto-Turkic *kȫk; compare Turkish gök and Evenki куку (kuku, “sea-coloured”). For the figurative sense, compare Kazakh көк жамбас (kök jambas).


нэг

From Proto-Mongolic *negen, *niken amidst other reconstructions based on different Mongolic sources. Compare Buryat нэгэн (negen), Kalmyk негн (negn).


гол

From Classical Mongolian ᠭᠣᠤᠯ (ɣoul), from Middle Mongol [script needed] (qol). Cognate with Buryat гол (gol), Kalmyk һол (ğol), etc.
For origin of sense ‘river’ see Classical Mongolian ᠭᠣᠤᠯ (ɣoul).


улаан

mn-adjective

улаан • (ulaan) (Mongolian spelling ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ (ulaɣan))


нүцгэн

head

нүцгэн • (nücgen)


албан

Adjectival form of алба (alba) with unstable -n used to form compound words.

албан тушаал

appointment (to a position), officialdom


анх

mn-adj

анх • (anx) (Mongolian spelling ᠠᠩᠬᠠ (angk-a))


шинэ

шинэ • (šine) (Mongolian spelling ᠰᠢᠨᠡ (sin-e))

# From Proto-Mongolic *sini, further related with Khitan 𘬥𘭛 (*ś ên). Cognates include Buryat шэнэ (šene), Kalmyk шин (şin) and Dongxiang shini.
# Possibly from Middle Chinese 新 (siɪn).


үхсэн

head

үхсэн • (üxsen) (Bichig ᠦᠬᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ)


жижиг

mn-adj

жижиг • (žižig) (Mongolian spelling ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ (ǰiǰig))


хол

хол • (xol) (Mongolian spelling ᠬᠣᠯᠠ (qola))

From Proto-Mongolic *kola. Cognate with Buryat холо (xolo).


үлдэгдэл

үлдэгдэл • (üldegdel)


ангасан

ангасан • (angasan) (Mongolian spelling ᠠᠩᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ (angɣaɣsan))

angasan (romanization)
ᠠᠩᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ (Mongolian)


сайн

From Proto-Mongolic *sayin, compare Kalmyk сән (sän), Buryat һайн (hajn).

good, nice, gentle, fairly, passable, satisfactory, capital

all right, decent, fine, ok, okay, salubrious


бэх

From Proto-Mongolic *beki, perhaps deriving from Proto-Turkic *bek or otherwise related to it.
Compare East Yugur beki, Turkish pek, Old Uyghur [script needed] (bek).


хямд төсөр

хямд төсөр • (xjamd tösör)


гайхамшигтай

гайхамшигтай • (gajxamšigtaj)

[ɢæːχə̆mʃɪ̆xtʰæ]

гайхамшиг (gajxamšig, “wonder”) + -тай (-taj)


үед

mn-adj

үед • (üjed)


мөн

From Proto-Mongolic *mön (“real, true, the same”). Compare East Yugur min.


олон

Mongolian Cyrillic
 ᠣᠯᠠᠨ
(olan) олон
(olon)
Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠣᠯᠠᠨ (olan), from Middle Mongol ᠣᠯᠠᠨ (ʾwɽʾn /olan/), from Proto-Mongolic *olan, compare Dongxiang olon.


нарлаг

mn-adj

нарлаг • (narlag) (Mongolian spelling ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ (naralig))

narlag (romanization)
ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ (Mongolian)


үүлтэй

үүлтэй • (üültej)

Mongolian Cyrillic
 ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠲᠡᠢ
(egületei) үүлтэй
(üültej)
From үүл (üül, “cloud”) + -тэй (-tej).


өлөн

өлөн • (ölön) (Mongolian spelling ᠥᠯᠦᠨ (ölün))


ижилхэн

ижилхэн • (ižilxen)

like, equivalent, identical, equitable, same


бичгийн

бичгийн • (bičgiin)

written, epistolary, recording, scriptural, textual, literary


үнэтэй

үнэтэй • (ünetej)

costly, dear, expensive, high, precious, valuable, valued, pricey, sumptuous


үйлдвэрийн

үйлдвэрийн • (üjldveriin)

үйлд‧вэ‧рийн

factory-built, manufacture, manufacturing, industrial


бяцхан

бяцхан • (bjacxan) (Mongolian spelling ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨ (bičiqan))

bjacxan (romanization)
ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨ (Mongolian)

diminutive, elvish, little, measly, teeny, tiny, wee, miniature, piccaninny, pygmy


хөлдөөсөн

хөлдөөсөн • (xöldöösön)


хөгшин

хөгшин • (xögšin)


хүйтэн

хүйтэн • (xüjten)

From Proto-Mongolic *küyitün, compare Kalmyk киитн (kiitn).

cold, curt, distant, aloof, forbidding, far-fetched, mean, severe, dishonest


хучмал

хучмал • (xučmal)


аймгийн

аймгийн • (ajmgiin) (Mongolian spelling ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ (ayimag-un))

ajmgiin (romanization)
ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ (Mongolian)

(attributive) league (of Inner Mongolia, China)


бөх

бөх • (böx) (Mongolian spelling ᠪᠥᠭᠡ (böge))

From Proto-Mongolic *bekü (“firm, hard, solid, fighter, strong man”); further possibly from Proto-Turkic *böke (“warrior < big snake”).
Compare Yakut бөҕө (böğö, “strong, sturdy, firm”).

m+

reliable, tenacious, hardy, sturdy, tough, steadfast, rooted, strong, powerful, solid, robust


зэрэг

From Proto-Mongolic *ǰerge, compare Daur jereg (“grade, level”), Buryat зэргэ (zerge), Kalmyk зерг (zerg).


бүгд

mn-adj

бүгд • (bügd)

all, entire, whole, full, total, every, lifelong


нартай

нартай • (nartaj) (Mongolian spelling ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠲᠠᠢ (naratai))

nartaj (romanization)
ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠲᠠᠢ (Mongolian)

sunny, fair, sun-drenched, shiny, bright, sunlit


халуун

халуун • (xaluun) (Mongolian spelling ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ (qalaɣun))

xaluun (romanization)
ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ (Mongolian)

From Proto-Mongolic *kalaun. Compare Manchu ᡥᠠᠯᡥᡡᠨ (halhūn).


согтуу

drunk (intoxicated from drinking alcohol)


өдрийн

өдрийн • (ödriin)


хойд

хойд • (xojd) (Mongolian spelling ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳᠤ (qoyidu))


гадаад

гадаад • (gadaad) (Mongolian spelling ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ (ɣadaɣadu))

gadaad (romanization)
ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ (Mongolian)

external, exterior, foreign, outer, outlying, extrinsic, peripheral, superficial, oversea, overseas


овоо

Mongolian Cyrillic
 ᠣᠪᠤᠭᠠ
(obug-a) овоо
(ovoo)


цэвэр

цэвэр • (cever) (Mongolian spelling ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷ (čeber))


өмнөх

өмнөх • (ömnöx)

previous, preceding, prior, foregone, former, heretofore, before, past, pre-


гадаа

From the spatial root гад- (gad-) + -аа (-aa).


шарсан

head

шарсан • (šarsan)


нөөшилсөн

mn-adj

нөөшилсөн • (nööšilsön)


хөлдүү

хөлдүү • (xöldüü)

хөлдөх (xöldöx, “to freeze”) + -уу (-uu)


дарсан

mn-adj

дарсан • (darsan) (Mongolian spelling ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ (daruɣsan))

darsan (romanization)
ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ (Mongolian)


жигнэсэн

жигнэсэн • (žignesen) (Mongolian spelling ᠵᠢᠩᠨᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ (ǰingneɣsen))

žignesen (romanization)
ᠵᠢᠩᠨᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ (Mongolian)


чанасан

mn-adjective

чанасан • (čanasan)


хаан

Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan), from Middle Mongol ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan). Compare Old Turkic 𐰴𐰍𐰣 (qaɣan), the title of Bumïn Qaγan, founder of the Turkic Khaganate who reigned in 551–552 CE. Clauson considers Mongolic qaɣan to be a Turkic loanword; yet the reverse (Mongolic into Turkic) is equally as likely, as Turks themselves borrowed the title from Rourans. As early as 3rd century CE general Yinalou, of Mongolic-speaking Xianbei ethnicity, had been recorded addressing chief Murong Tuyuhun as 可寒 (*qaɣan) (Early Middle Chinese 可寒 (kʰɑ^X ɦɑn)), the earliest attested form of this title, before 可汗 (kèhán).
According to Pulleyblank, the Xiongnu royal title 護于 (OC *ɢʷraːɡs ɢʷa) mentioned in 1st century BCE is an earlier Chinese transcription of the same word. Vovin (2007) accepts the Xiongnu provenance, proposing that both 護于 (OC *ɦwaʔ-ɦwaʰ) and 單于 (OC dar-ɦʷa) stemmed from a Xiongnu root *qa-/ɢa- "great, ruler", which in turn is related to Proto-Yeniseian *qeʔ (“big”) (Werner 2002.2:58) and *qʌ:j/*χʌ:j (“ruler, prince”) (Vovin's).


төрийн

mn-adj

төрийн • (töriin)

royal, secular, state, temporal, national, public, civil, laic, mundane, official


хүнд

хүнд • (xünd)

Mongolian Cyrillic
 ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ
(kündü) хүнд
(xünd)
From Proto-Mongolic *kündü, compare Buryat хүндэ (xünde), Kalmyk күнд (künd), Dongxiang gundu.


холимог

hybrid, mixed, muddy, miscellaneous, compound, composite, assorted, alloyed, conglomerate


ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ

ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ • (mongɣol) (Cyrillic spelling монгол (mongol))

mongɣol (romanization)
монгол (Cyrillic)

From Classical Mongolian ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ (mongɣol), from Middle Mongol ᠮᠣᠩᠬᠣᠯ (mongqol).
Compare also Buryat монгол (mongol), Written Oirat ᡏᡆᡊᡎᡆᠯ (mongɣol), Kalmyk моңһл (moñğl); Tuvan моол (mool), Khakas моол (mool), Southern Altai моҥол (moŋol); Jurchen [script needed] (*moŋgu), Manchu ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ (monggo); etc.
Sükhbataar (1992) and de la Vaissière (2021) derive this ethnonym from the Rouran Khaganate's progenitor's personal Tuoba name, which is transliterated as 木骨閭 (MC muwk kwot ljo) and glossed as 首禿 "bald-headed" in Chinese-language sources. The original Tuoba word has been proposed to be cognate with Middle Mongol [script needed] (muqular, “bald, hornless”) (> Mongolian мухар (muxar, “bald, hornless, tailless; blunt, dull”)) and reconstructed as muqo-lo ~ moqo-lo by Vovin (2007: 200-202) and mʊqʊlɪ by Shimunek (2017: 147-148).

cog

ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ
ᠬᠡᠯᠡ
mongɣol kele
Mongolian language


дэлхийн

mn-adj

дэлхийн • (delxiin) (Mongolian spelling ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ (delekei-yin))

delxiin (romanization)
ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ (Mongolian)

terrestrial, cosmopolite, planetary, secular, worldly, earthen, worldwide


бусад

бусад • (busad) (Mongolian spelling ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ (busud))

miscellaneous, otherwise, another, other


баруун

баруун • (baruun) (Mongolian spelling ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ (baraɣun))

baruun (romanization)
ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ (Mongolian)


битүү

битүү • (bitüü) (Mongolian spelling ᠪᠢᠲᠡᠭᠦᠦ (bitegüü))

bitüü (romanization)
ᠪᠢᠲᠡᠭᠦᠦ (Mongolian)

closed, deaf, dense, impenetrable, impermeable, recondite, solid, stuffy


англи

англи • (angli) (Mongolian spelling ᠠᠩᠭᠯᠢ (angɣli))

англи хэл ― angli xel ― English language

англи хүн


ажилгүй

ажилгүй • (ažilgüj)

out of work, unemployed, jobless, stagnant, idle, unengaged


тавигдаагүй

mn-adjective-form

тавигдаагүй • (tavigdaagüj)

та‧виг‧даа‧гүй


ихгүй

ихгүй • (ixgüj)


юмгүй

юмгүй • (jümgüj)


алах

From Proto-Mongolic *ala-, compare Buryat алаха (alaxa), Kalmyk алх (alx).


бага

mn-adj

бага • (baga) (Mongolian spelling ᠪᠠᠭᠠ (bag-a))

Perhaps from Sanskrit पाक (pāka, “child, infant, young of an animal”).
Cognate with Kalmyk баһ (bağ), East Yugur bagha, Khitan 𘮽𘯛 (*b qo, “son”).


либерал

Borrowed from Russian либера́л m anim sg (liberál, noun) and Russian либера́льный (liberálʹnyj, adjective), from Latin līberālis (adjective).

der

либера́льный


ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ

mn-adj

ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ • (altan) (Cyrillic spelling алтан (altan))


ёстой

Mongolian Cyrillic ᠶᠣᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ ёстой ёстой (canonical)
yosutai (romanization)
jostoj (romanization)

Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠶᠣᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ (yosutai, ornative), from Middle Mongol [Term?] (feminine singular ornative). By surface analysis, ёс (jos) + -той (-toj, comitative suffix). Cognate with Khamnigan Mongol ёсотой (josotoj), Buryat ёһотой (johotoj), Kalmyk йоста (yosta), etc. Compare also Tuvan ёзулуг (yozulug).

surf

(modal, after a verb in infinitive -х⁵ (-x⁵)) Used to form the debitive mood.


плюс размер

mn-adj

плюс размер • (pljüs razmer)


хуучин

хуучин • (xuučin)


аварга

аварга • (avarga) (Mongolian spelling ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠭᠤ (aburɣu))

avarga (romanization)
ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠭᠤ (Mongolian)

giant, gigantic, colossal, enormous, gargantuan, mountainous, prodigious, great, elephantine, huge, titanic


ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ

mn-adjective

ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ • (ulaɣan) (Cyrillic spelling улаан (ulaan))

From Classical Mongolian ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ (ulaɣan).


хөндий

mn-adj

хөндий • (xöndii) (Mongolian spelling ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ (köndei))

xöndii (romanization)
ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ (Mongolian)


жад

Turkmen: ýat


сайхан

By surface analysis, сай- (saj-, “good”, adjective) + -хан (-xan, affectionate/intensive suffix).
Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ (sayiqan), from Middle Mongol [Term?], from Proto-Mongolic *saxïkan. Cognate with Buryat һайхан (hajxan), Dongxiang saigvan, etc.

inh+

Сонин сайхан юу байна вэ?

intensive degree of сайн (sajn, “good”, adjective)


жаргалтай

mn-adj

жаргалтай • (žargaltaj)


тодорхой

clearly, evident, obvious, specific, concrete


бодит

бодит • (bodit) (Mongolian spelling ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ (bodatu))


өндөр өсгийтэй

өндөр өсгийтэй • (öndör ösgiitej)


бохир

бохир • (boxir) (Mongolian spelling ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷ (bokir))


заваан

заваан • (zavaan) (Mongolian spelling ᠵᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨ (ǰabaɣan))

zavaan (romanization)
ᠵᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨ (Mongolian)


өндөр

өндөр • (öndör) (Mongolian spelling ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ (öndör))

From Proto-Mongolic *öndü-r, compare Buryat үндэр (ünder), Kalmyk өндр (öndr).


ариун

ариун • (ariun) (Mongolian spelling ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠨ (ariɣun))

From Proto-Mongolic *arïxun. Perhaps related or a borrowing from Proto-Turkic *ạrï-. Compare Turkish arı, Azerbaijani arı.

pure, clear, clean, holy, hygienic, sanitary


үзэсгэлэн

үзэсгэлэн • (üzesgelen)


хөвөн

хөвөн • (xövön) (Mongolian spelling ᠬᠥᠪᠦᠩ (köbüng))


шигшээ

шигшээ • (šigšee)


ам задгай

ам задгай • (am zadgaj) (Mongolian spelling ᠠᠮᠠ
ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠢ (ama ǰadaɣai))

am zadgaj (romanization)
ᠠᠮᠠ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠢ (Mongolian)


задгай

задгай • (zadgaj) (Mongolian spelling ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠢ (ǰadaɣai))

zadgaj (romanization)
ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠢ (Mongolian)


дорой

дорой • (doroj) (Mongolian spelling ᠳᠣᠷᠤᠢ (dorui))


сул

сул шороо

empty, vacant, free, loose, weak, slack, feeble


оюун

оюун • (ojuun) (Mongolian spelling ᠣᠶᠤᠨ (oyun))


өргөн

өргөн • (örgön) (Mongolian spelling ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ (örgen))

From Proto-Mongolic *örgen, compare Mongghul rgon.


урт

урт • (urt) (Mongolian spelling ᠤᠷᠲᠤ (urtu))

From Proto-Mongolic *urtu, compare East Yugur hurtu, Daur ort.


нимгэн

нимгэн • (nimgen) (Mongolian spelling ᠨᠢᠮᠭᠡᠨ (nimgen))

nimgen (romanization)
ᠨᠢᠮᠭᠡᠨ (Mongolian)


богино

богино • (bogino) (Mongolian spelling ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠨᠢ (boɣuni))

bogino (romanization)
ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠨᠢ (Mongolian)

From Proto-Mongolic *boganï, compare Dongxiang bogvoni (“low, short”).
Perhaps related to Old Uyghur [script needed] (boğay) which would then go back to Proto-Turkic *bogań.


зузаан

зузаан • (zuzaan) (Mongolian spelling ᠵᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨ (ǰuǰaɣan))

zuzaan (romanization)
ᠵᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨ (Mongolian)

From Proto-Mongolic *ǰuǰaxan; compare Dongxiang zhuzhan.


чухал

чухал • (čuxal) (Mongolian spelling ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ (čiqula))

[ˈt͡ɕʰo̙χɵ̙ɮ]

From Classical Mongolian ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ (čiqula).


анхилам

анхилам • (anxilam) (Mongolian spelling ᠠᠩᠬᠢᠯᠤᠮᠠ (angkilum-a))

anxilam (romanization)
ᠠᠩᠬᠢᠯᠤᠮᠠ (Mongolian)


тэгш

тэгш • (tegš) (Mongolian spelling ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ (teɣsi))


гөлгөр

гөлгөр • (gölgör) (Mongolian spelling ᠭᠥᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ (göliger))

gölgör (romanization)
ᠭᠥᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ (Mongolian)


дөлгөөн

дөлгөөн • (dölgöön) (Mongolian spelling ᠳᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠨ (dölügen))

dölgöön (romanization)
ᠳᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠨ (Mongolian)


товч

товч • (tovč)

From Proto-Mongolic *tobčï.
Compare Dongxiang tiizhi, Daur torc.


давхар

давхар • (davxar) (Mongolian spelling ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ (dabqur))

davxar (romanization)
ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ (Mongolian)


энгийн

энгийн • (engiin) (Mongolian spelling ᠡᠩ ᠤᠨ (eng-un))


дулаахан

дулаан дулаан#Mongolian


шонхор

шонхор • (šonxor)

Possibly originally from a Turkic source (compare Karakhanid [script needed] (siŋqur)), later (re-)borrowed by various Turkic languages.


тусах

Cognate with Buryat тудаха (tudaxa, “to hit, to run into”) and Kalmyk тусх (tusx, “to hit, to fall on, to reflect”).


ноён

Probably from Chinese 老爺／老爷 (lǎoye, “master”).


зарим

mn-adj

зарим • (zarim) (Mongolian spelling ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ (ǰarim))

From Proto-Mongolic *jarïm (“half”), from Proto-Turkic *yārïm.
Compare Dongxiang zharun, Turkish yarım.
The evolution of sense to some, certain is shared with Buryat зарим (zarim) and Kalmyk зәрм (zärm).


авд

авд • (avd) (Mongolian spelling ᠠᠪᠠ ᠳᠤ (aba-du))


хамаг

Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ (qamug), from Middle Mongol ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ (ɣʾmwɣ /qamuɣ/), [script needed] (ɣʾmwɣ̈ /qamuɣ/), from Proto-Mongolic *kam-.


банхар

mn-adj

банхар • (banxar) (Mongolian spelling ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠤᠷ (bangqur))

banxar (romanization)
ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠤᠷ (Mongolian)

having bloated cheeks, having a fat head


зайдуу

зайдуу • (zajduu) (Mongolian spelling ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭᠤ (ǰayidaɣu))

zajduu (romanization)
ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭᠤ (Mongolian)

зайдах (zajdax, “to move away, to separate”) + -уу (-uu)


адал

mn-adj

адал • (adal) (Mongolian spelling ᠠᠳᠠᠯ (adal))

Ultimately from Arabic عَادِل (ʕādil, “fair”). Compare Kazakh адал мал (adal mal, “justly acquired livestock”) and Mongolian адал мал (adal mal, “livestock in one's possession”)


зоримгой

mn-adj

зоримгой • (zorimgoj) (Mongolian spelling ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠮᠠᠭᠠᠢ (ǰorimaɣai))

zorimgoj (romanization)
ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠮᠠᠭᠠᠢ (Mongolian)

[t͡sɞɾʲɪmˈʁɞe]

зорих (zorix, “to intend”) + -мгай (-mgaj).


зоримог

mn-adj

зоримог • (zorimog) (Mongolian spelling ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠮᠠᠭ (ǰorimag))

zorimog (romanization)
ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠮᠠᠭ (Mongolian)

/t͡sɔrʲəməɡ/

[ˈt͡sɞɾʲɪmɞk]

зорих (zorix, “to intend”) + -мог (-mog).


зоригт

mn-adj

зоригт • (zorigt) (Mongolian spelling ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠲᠤ (ǰoriɣtu))

zorigt (romanization)
ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠲᠤ (Mongolian)

/t͡sɔrʲəɡtʰ/

[ˈt͡sɞɾʲɪxt]


өөр

Perhaps from the pronoun, suffixed with the postpositional ᠷᠠ (r-a)/-р (-r) suffix

өөрчлөлт

өөрчлөх (öörčlöx, “to alter”)


нэхмэл

нэхмэл • (nexmel) (Mongolian spelling ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠮᠡᠯ (nekemel))

nexmel (romanization)
ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠮᠡᠯ (Mongolian)


хиймэл

хиймэл • (xiimel) (Mongolian spelling ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ (kimel))


чихэрлэг

чихэрлэг • (čixerleg) (Mongolian spelling ᠰᠢᠬᠢᠷᠯᠢᠭ (sikirlig))

čixerleg (romanization)
ᠰᠢᠬᠢᠷᠯᠢᠭ (Mongolian)


шинэлэг

шинэлэг • (šineleg) (Mongolian spelling ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠯᠢᠭ (sinelig))

šineleg (romanization)
ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠯᠢᠭ (Mongolian)


өөхлөг

өөхлөг • (ööxlög) (Mongolian spelling ᠥᠭᠡᠬᠦᠯᠢᠭ (ögekülig))

ööxlög (romanization)
ᠥᠭᠡᠬᠦᠯᠢᠭ (Mongolian)


модлог

модлог • (modlog) (Mongolian spelling ᠮᠣᠳᠤᠯᠢᠭ (modulig))

modlog (romanization)
ᠮᠣᠳᠤᠯᠢᠭ (Mongolian)


залгамал

залгамал • (zalgamal) (Mongolian spelling ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠮᠠᠯ (ǰalɣamal))

zalgamal (romanization)
ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠮᠠᠯ (Mongolian)

/t͡saɮɢəməɮ/

[ˈt͡saɮʁɐmɐɮ]

залгах (zalgax, “to connect”) + -мал (-mal)


жимслэг

mn-adj

жимслэг • (žimsleg) (Mongolian spelling ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰᠯᠢᠭ (ǰimislig))

žimsleg (romanization)
ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰᠯᠢᠭ (Mongolian)


уламжлалт

уламжлалт • (ulamžlalt) (Mongolian spelling ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ (ulamǰilaltu))

ulamžlalt (romanization)
ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ (Mongolian)

/ʊɮəmt͡ɕɮəɮtʰ/

[ˈo̙ɮɵ̙mt͡ɕɮɵ̙ɬt]

уламжлал (ulamžlal, “tradition”) + -т (-t)


галт

mn-adjective

галт • (galt) (Mongolian spelling ᠭᠠᠯᠲᠤ (ɣaltu))


эрх

mn-adj

эрх • (erx) (Mongolian spelling ᠡᠷᠬᠡ (erke))

From Proto-Turkic *erke if this doesn't represent a later re-borrowing from the etymon above, see Bashkir иркә (irkə).


мохоо

мохоо • (moxoo) (Mongolian spelling ᠮᠣᠬᠤᠭᠠ (moquɣa))

мохох (moxox, “to become blunt”) + -аа(н) (-aa(n)).


илхэн

mn-adj

илхэн • (ilxen) (Mongolian spelling ᠢᠯᠡᠬᠡᠨ (ileken))


гайхалтай

/ˈkɛːxaɮtʰɛː/

Mongolian Cyrillic
 ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ
(ɣayiqaltai) гайхалтай
(gajxaltaj)
гайхах (gajxax, “to be amazed”) + -лтай (-ltaj)


мөнх

mn-adj

мөнх • (mönx) (Mongolian spelling ᠮᠥᠩᠬᠡ (möngke))

From Proto-Turkic *beŋkü. Compare Old Turkic 𐰋𐰭𐰏𐰇 (beŋgǖ).


өлсгөлөн

өлсгөлөн • (ölsgölön)

[ˈʊɮsɣʊ̈ɮʊ̈ŋ]

өлсгөх (ölsgöx, “to starve, be hungry”) + -лан (-lan)


мөнх бус

mn-adj

мөнх бус • (mönx bus)

Calque of Tibetan མི་རྟག་པ (mi rtag pa), Pali anicca, Sanskrit अनित्य (anitya).

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see мөнх (mönx), бус (bus).


өөрийн эрхгүй

өөрийн эрхгүй

ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ

өөрийн эрхгүй • (ööriin erxgüj) (Mongolian spelling ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ
ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ (öber-ün erke-ügei))

ööriin erxgüj (romanization)
ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ (Mongolian)


хайлмаг

хайлмаг • (xajlmag) (Mongolian spelling ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠤᠮᠠᠭ (qayilumag))

xajlmag (romanization)
ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠤᠮᠠᠭ (Mongolian)

хайлах (xajlax, “to melt”) + -маг (-mag). The noun is perhaps a phono-semantic match of a Turkic word. Compare Kazakh қаймақ (qaimaq), Turkish kaymak.


хижээл

mn-adj

хижээл • (xižeel) (Mongolian spelling ᠬᠡᠵᠢᠶᠡᠯ (keǰiyel))

xižeel (romanization)
ᠬᠡᠵᠢᠶᠡᠯ (Mongolian)


тэрс

тэрс • (ters) (Mongolian spelling ᠲᠡᠷᠰ (ters))

From Old Uyghur [script needed] (ters, “false, awkward”), perhaps from Middle Persian [script needed] (tarsâ, “Christian”).

der

contrary, stubbornly antagonistic, disobedient


маш

great; extreme (increases the intensity or scale of a noun)


чухаг

mn-adj

чухаг • (čuxag) (Mongolian spelling ᠴᠤᠬᠠᠭ (čuqag))

[ˈt͡ɕʰo̙χɵ̙k]

From Classical Mongolian ᠴᠤᠬᠠᠭ (čuqag), compare Kalmyk цухг (tsuxg). The initial perhaps influenced by чухал (čuxal, “important”).


өнчин

өнчин • (önčin)

[ˈʊn̥t͡ɕʊ̈ŋ]

From Proto-Mongolic *önecin. Compare Dongxiang oliechin, Daur wencin (“orphan, lonely”).


хатмал

хатмал • (xatmal) (Mongolian spelling ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ (qatamal))

xatmal (romanization)
ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ (Mongolian)


өчүүхэн

өчүүхэн • (öčüüxen) (Mongolian spelling ᠥᠴᠦᠬᠡᠨ (öčüken))

öčüüxen (romanization)
ᠥᠴᠦᠬᠡᠨ (Mongolian)

[ʊʰˈt͡ɕuxɪŋ]

Borrowed from Classical Mongolian ᠥᠴᠦᠬᠡᠨ (öčüken, “small”), from Proto-Mongolic *öcüken.
Perhaps related to Common Turkic *učuz. Compare Daur ushken, Turkish ucuz.


нарийн

mn-adj

нарийн • (nariin) (Mongolian spelling ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ (narin))

Inherited from Proto-Mongolic *narïn, compare Dongxiang narun, Daur naring. Compare Manchu ᠨᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ (narhūn). Compare also Turkish narin.

нарийдах

to be too thin, to get too thin, delicate


нялх

нялх • (njalx) (Mongolian spelling ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ (nilk-a))

From Proto-Mongolic *nïlka, related perhaps to Proto-Tungusic *nelki (“spring”).
Compare Daur nyalk, Evenki нэлки (nəlki).


ац

From Proto-Mongolic *haca, compare Daur xac.
Compare also Tajik ҳачча (hačča) and Azerbaijani haça.


буу

Mongolian Cyrillic
 ᠪᠤᠤ
(buu) буу
(buu)
Compare Manchu ᠪᠣᠣ (boo) in ᠪᠣᠣ
ᠨᡳᠮᠠᡥᠠ (boo nimaha).

буу загас
буу загас#Mongolian

Only used in буу загас (buu zagas, “whale”)


шүүслэх

mn-verb

шүүслэх • (šüüslex) (Mongolian spelling ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ (sigüsülekü))

šüüslex (romanization)
ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ (Mongolian)

шүүс (šüüs, “juice”) + -лэх (-lex). Compare Kalmyk шүүслх (şüüslx, “to dip”).

(figuratively) to cruelly punish, to torture


тойруу

mn-adjective

тойруу • (tojruu) (Mongolian spelling ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭᠤ (toɣuriɣu))

tojruu (romanization)
ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭᠤ (Mongolian)

тойрох (tojrox, “to skirt, to bypass”) + -уу (-uu), compare Buryat тойруу (tojruu).

suffix

(figuratively) indirect, implicit, devious


шүүслэг

mn-adj

шүүслэг • (šüüsleg) (Mongolian spelling ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯᠢᠭ (sigüsülig))

šüüsleg (romanization)
ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯᠢᠭ (Mongolian)

шүүс (šüüs, “juice”) + -лэг (-leg). Compare Buryat шүүһэлиг (šüühelig).


холбоо

холбох (xolbox, “to connect, to unite”) + -оо(н) (-oo(n)). Compare Kalmyk холва (xolva), Daur xolboo (if not a loan).


дотор

mn-adj

дотор • (dotor) (Mongolian spelling ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠷᠠ (dotur-a))

From Proto-Mongolic *doto-ra, equivalent to *дот (*dot, “up”) + -р (-r). Compare Daur dwater.


чанарлаг

чанарлаг • (čanarlag) (Mongolian spelling ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ (činarlig))

čanarlag (romanization)
ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ (Mongolian)

/t͡ɕʰanərɮəɡ/

[ˈt͡ɕʰanɐrɮɐk]


шулуун

шулуун • (šuluun) (Mongolian spelling ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ (siluɣun))

šuluun (romanization)
ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ (Mongolian)

From Proto-Mongolic *sïluxun, compare Dongxiang shulun.


гүн

гүн • (gün) (Mongolian spelling ᠭᠦᠨ (gün))

From Proto-Mongolic *gün, compare Dongxiang gun.


явцуу

явцуу • (javcuu) (Mongolian spelling ᠢᠪᠴᠤᠤ (ibčuu))

[ja̠ɸˈt͡sʰo̙ˑ]

Connected with Buryat игсуу (igsuu) and Daur xircin by Nugteren. See also уйтан (ujtan).


оготор

оготор • (ogotor) (Mongolian spelling ᠣᠭᠤᠲᠤᠷ (oɣutur))

ogotor (romanization)
ᠣᠭᠤᠲᠤᠷ (Mongolian)

Doublet of огдгор (ogdgor).
Compare Kalmyk оһтр (oğtr, “short, docked (of a tail)”), Khamnigan Mongol огтор, Buryat огтор (ogtor, “short, small”), Middle Mongol اقتارقی (“short-tailed”).


ганц

mn-adj

ганц • (ganc) (Mongolian spelling ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ (ɣaɣča))

From *gaŋca a variant form of Proto-Mongolic *gagca, perhaps related to Proto-Tungusic *gagda.
Compare East Yugur qagca, Evenki гагда (gagda, “one of a pair”).


шингэн

шингэн • (šingen) (Mongolian spelling ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ (singgen))

šingen (romanization)
ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ (Mongolian)

From Proto-Mongolic *siŋgen (“thin, watery”), likely from *siŋge- (“to digest, to set”), see шингэх (šingex). Compare Mangghuer shangan (“watery, thin”). Outside of Mongolic, compare Yakut синньигэс (sinnyiges).


өтгөн

өтгөн • (ötgön) (Mongolian spelling ᠥᠳᠬᠡᠨ (ödken))

From Proto-Mongolic *ödken, compare Dongxiang oqiegven.


арзгар

арзгар • (arzgar) (Mongolian spelling ᠠᠷᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ (arǰaɣar))

arzgar (romanization)
ᠠᠷᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ (Mongolian)

Proto-Mongolic *arja- + -гар (-gar), compare Kalmyk арзһр (arzğr) and Buryat арзагар (arzagar).


догшин

догшин • (dogšin) (Mongolian spelling ᠳᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ (doɣsin))

dogšin (romanization)
ᠳᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ (Mongolian)

From Proto-Mongolic *dogsïn, compare Daur dorshin.

(historical) one of the titles among Mongol nobility


дэл

дэл • (del) (Mongolian spelling ᠳᠡᠯᠢ (deli))

дэл сул
дэл сул#Mongolian


дунд

дунд • (dund) (Mongolian spelling ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ (dumda))

From Proto-Mongolic *dumda, *-da perhaps being a locative ending (-д (-d)), compare Buryat дунда (dunda), Dongxiang dunda.


бүдүүн

бүдүүн • (büdüün) (Mongolian spelling ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ (büdügün))

büdüün (romanization)
ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ (Mongolian)

From Proto-Mongolic *bidüxün, *bedüxün, from Proto-Turkic *bedük.
Compare Dongxiang biedun, Turkish büyük.


бэлэн

бэлэн • (belen) (Mongolian spelling ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠨ (belen))

From Proto-Mongolic *belen, compare Dongxiang belien.


хулчгар

хулчгар • (xulčgar)


аймхай

аймхай • (ajmxaj) (Mongolian spelling ᠠᠶᠤᠮᠠᠬᠠᠢ (ayumaqai))

ajmxaj (romanization)
ᠠᠶᠤᠮᠠᠬᠠᠢ (Mongolian)

айх (ajx, “to fear”) + -мхай (-mxaj), compare Buryat аймхай (ajmxaj), Kalmyk әәмтхә (äämtxä).


галзуу

галзуу • (galzuu) (Mongolian spelling ᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠭᠤ (ɣalǰaɣu))

galzuu (romanization)
ᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠭᠤ (Mongolian)

From Proto-Mongolic *galjaxu, compare Mongghul ghalijiu.

rabid (affected with rabies, pertaining to rabies)


дутуу

дутуу • (dutuu) (Mongolian spelling ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠤ (dutaɣu))

дутах (dutax, “to lack”) + -уу (-uu), compare Buryat дутуу (dutuu, “defect”), Kalmyk дуту (dutu).


дайр

дайр • (dajr) (Mongolian spelling ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠷ (dayir))


сохор

From Proto-Mongolic *sokar, compare Buryat һохор (hoxor), Kalmyk сохр (soxr), Dongxiang sugho. Compare ᠰᠣᠬᠤᠷ (soqur) with Turkic words, Southern Altai сокор (sokor), Bashkir һуҡыр (huqır), Chuvash суккăр (sukkăr), Karachay-Balkar сокъур (soqur), Kazakh соқыр (soqyr), Kumyk сокъур (soqur), Kyrgyz сокур (sokur), Nogai сокыр (sokır), Tatar сукыр (suqır), Tuvan согур (sogur), Uyghur ﺳﻮﻗﯘﺭ (соқур, soqur) Yakut соххор (soqqor). Probably English zokor related to these words.


хуурай

From Proto-Mongolic *kuxuraï, equivalent to *kuxu- (“to dry”) + -рай (-raj).
Likely related to Proto-Turkic *kurɨ- (“to dry”).
Compare East Yugur xuurii, Turkish kuru (“dry”).


хулгай

хулгай • (xulgaj) (Mongolian spelling ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠢ (qulaɣai))

xulgaj (romanization)
ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠢ (Mongolian)

From Proto-Mongolic *kulagaï, compare Dongxiang ghugvei (“thief”).
Equivalent to хулгах (xulgax, “to steal”) + -ай (-aj).


сүү шиг цагаан

сүү шиг цагаан • (süü šig cagaan)

pure as the driven snow
pure as the driven snow


цас шиг цагаан

цас шиг цагаан • (cas šig cagaan)


хув

From Common Turkic *quba, compare Karakhanid [script needed] (quba), influenced by the homonymous word for amber.


хув

Perhaps a shortening of хув хулгар (xuv xulgar, “completely crop-eared”).


хаалттай

хаалттай • (xaalttaj) (Mongolian spelling ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠᠲᠠᠢ (qaɣaltatai))

xaalttaj (romanization)
ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠᠲᠠᠢ (Mongolian)


ногоон

ногоон • (nogoon) (Mongolian spelling ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ (noɣuɣan))

nogoon (romanization)
ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ (Mongolian)

From Proto-Mongolic *noguxan, compare Kalmyk ноһан (noğan), Dongxiang nogvon.


зэрлэг

зэрлэг • (zerleg) (Mongolian spelling ᠵᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭ (ǰerlig))

zerleg (romanization)
ᠵᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭ (Mongolian)

→ Daur: jerleg (“sly, wild”)

Cognate with Buryat зэрлиг (zerlig), Kalmyk зэрлг (zerlg), Daur jerleg.
Perhaps analyzable as Proto-Turkic *yẹr (“ground, land”) + -лэг (-leg), see Turkish yer.


цөөн

цөөн • (cöön) (Mongolian spelling ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ (čögen))

From Proto-Mongolic *čöxen, compare Dongxiang chogvon.


өвчтэй

өвчтэй • (övčtej)


зангилаа

/t͡saŋɡʲəɮa/

зангилах (zangilax, “to knot”) + -аа(н) (-aa(n)), compare Buryat зангилаа (zangilaa).


адил

mn-adj

адил • (adil) (Mongolian spelling ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ (adali))

From Proto-Mongolic *adalï (“similar, same as”), perhaps related through inheritance or borrowing with Proto-Turkic *adaĺ (“friend”) or Proto-Tungusic *adakụ (“twins”).
Compare Mongghul dali, Yakut атас (atas), Udihe адʼау.


чийг

mn-adj

чийг • (čiig) (Mongolian spelling ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭ (čigig))

From Proto-Mongolic *cixig, perhaps from Proto-Turkic *čï̄ (“moisture”).
Compare East Yugur cig, Turkish çiy (“dew”).


нээлттэй

ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡᠲᠡᠢ

нээлттэй • (neelttej) (Mongolian spelling ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡᠲᠡᠢ (negegeltetei))

neelttej (romanization)
ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡᠲᠡᠢ (Mongolian)


жаал

жаал • (žaal) (Mongolian spelling ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠯ (ǰiɣal))

Not found in Southern Mongolian, but compare Khamnigan Mongol jaala (“small”), Kalmyk җааль (jaalʹ, “newlyborn, child”).
Perhaps derived somehow from earlier *jia-, compare Buryat жаа (žaa, “small”) and жаахан (žaaxan, “little”)


жинхэнэ

mn-adj

жинхэнэ • (žinxene)

authentic; genuine; real (not counterfeit or imitation)

official; formal (recognised by an authority)

tangible; real; actual (existing in the real world)

жинхэнэ хүнд сурталтан

common (referring to the name of a kind of plant or animal)


үнэн

mn-adverb

үнэн • (ünen)

Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠦᠨᠡᠨ (ünen, “truth”), from Middle Mongol [Term?], from Proto-Mongolic *ünen. Cognate with Khamnigan Mongol үнэн (ünen), Buryat үнэн (ünen), Kalmyk үнн (ünn), Daur unung, etc.


настай

mn-adj

настай • (nastaj) (Mongolian spelling ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ (nasutai))

nastaj (romanization)
ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ (Mongolian)


зүүн

зүүн • (züün)

Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ (ǰegün /ǰüün/, “left”), from Middle Mongol ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ (jʔkwn /ǰägün/, “left”), from Proto-Mongolic *jexün. Cognate with Buryat зүүн (züün), Kalmyk зүн (zün), etc. Compare also Tuvan loan чөөн (çöön, “left; eastern”, adjective).

inh

Зүүн Ази

Зүүн Монгол


зурагт

зураг (zurag, “image”) + -т (-t, “having”).


хариу

харих (xarix, “to return”) + -уу (-uu).
Compare Buryat харюу (xarjuu, “return, answer”), Kalmyk хәрү (xärü, “return, answer”).


золбин

mn-adjective

золбин • (zolbin) (Mongolian spelling ᠵᠣᠯᠪᠢᠩ (ǰolbing))

zolbin (romanization)
ᠵᠣᠯᠪᠢᠩ (Mongolian)

/t͡sɔɮʲpʲəŋ/

[ˈt͡sɞɮʲpʲɪŋ]

Cognate with Buryat зольбо (zolʹbo), Kalmyk зольбн (zolʹbn).
Borrowed into Kongo жолбун (“destitute”), Khakas чолбын (çolbın, “stray, vagrant”).


өөлд

mn-adj

өөлд • (ööld) (Mongolian spelling ᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳ (ögeled))


ᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳ

ᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳ • (ögeled) (Cyrillic spelling өөлд (ööld))


хээр

хээр • (xeer) (Mongolian spelling ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠷ (keger))

From Proto-Mongolic *kexer, compare East Yugur keer.


хөрш

хөрш • (xörš)

Found only in Khalkha and Buryat хүршэ (xürše). Most likely borrowed from a Kipchak Turkic language, compare Kazakh күрше (kürşe, “neighbor”),
Bashkir көрші (“neighbor”).


үгийн

mn-noun-form

үгийн • (ügiin) (Mongolian spelling ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ (üge-yin))

ügiin (romanization)
ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ (Mongolian)

үгийн дуудлага

үгийн гарал ― ügiin garal ― origin of the word; etymology

үгийн утга


буруу

mn-adj

буруу • (buruu) (Mongolian spelling ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ (buruɣu))


нойтон

нойтон • (nojton) (Mongolian spelling ᠨᠣᠶᠢᠲᠠᠨ (noyitan))

nojton (romanization)
ᠨᠣᠶᠢᠲᠠᠨ (Mongolian)


хуванцар

хуванцар • (xuvancar) (Mongolian spelling ᠬᠤᠪᠠᠨᠴᠢᠷ (qubančir))

xuvancar (romanization)
ᠬᠤᠪᠠᠨᠴᠢᠷ (Mongolian)


герман

герман • (german) (Mongolian spelling ᠭᠧᠷᠮᠠᠨ (gērman))

german (romanization)
ᠭᠧᠷᠮᠠᠨ (Mongolian)

From Russian герма́нский (germánskij) or Russian Герма́ния (Germánija).

герман хэл ― german xel ― German language


ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳᠤ

ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠳᠤ • (qoyidu) (Cyrillic spelling хойд (xojd))


ᠡᠮᠦᠨ ᠡ

ᠡᠮᠦᠨ
ᠡ • (emün e) (Cyrillic spelling өмнө (ömnö))


ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ

ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ • (baraɣun) (Cyrillic spelling баруун (baruun))

baraɣun (romanization)
баруун (Cyrillic)


ᠳᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠠ

ᠳᠣᠷᠤᠨ
ᠠ • (dorun a) (Cyrillic spelling дорно (dorno))


ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ

ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ • (ǰegün) (Cyrillic spelling зүүн (züün))


ууртай

ууртай • (uurtaj) (Mongolian spelling ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠢ (aɣurtai))

uurtaj (romanization)
ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠢ (Mongolian)


гэрсэг

гэрсэг • (gerseg) (Mongolian spelling ᠭᠡᠷᠰᠡᠭ (gerseg))

gerseg (romanization)
ᠭᠡᠷᠰᠡᠭ (Mongolian)


жирэмсэн

жирэмсэн • (žiremsen) (Mongolian spelling ᠵᠢᠷᠮᠦᠰᠦᠨ (ǰirmüsün))

žiremsen (romanization)
ᠵᠢᠷᠮᠦᠰᠦᠨ (Mongolian)

жирэмсэн эмэгтэй

жирэмсэн болгох

жирэмсэн болох


нягт

нягт • (njagt) (Mongolian spelling ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠ (niɣta))


барга

барга • (barga) (Mongolian spelling ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ (barɣu))


бүгд найрамдах

mn-adjective

бүгд найрамдах • (bügd najramdax)


өвөр

mn-adj

өвөр • (övör)

From Middle Mongol ᠡᠪᠦᠷ (ebür), from Proto-Mongolic *ebür (“bosom, breast”). Compare also Buryat үбэр (über), Kalmyk өвр (övr) and Daur heur.


зөөлөн

head

зөөлөн • (zöölön)


ерөнхий

mn-adjective

ерөнхий • (jörönxii) (Mongolian spelling ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶ (yerüngkey))

jörönxii (romanization)
ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶ (Mongolian)


халдваргүй

mn-adj

халдваргүй • (xaldvargüj)

[χä̠ɮt.w̜ə̠r.ɡʉ͜i]

From халдвар (xaldvar, “infection”) + -гүй (-güj, caritive suffix).


халдварт

[χä̠ɮt.w̜ə̠r̥tʰ]

From халдвар (xaldvar, “infection”) + -т (-t, ornative suffix).


гийгүүлэгч

mn-adj

гийгүүлэгч • (giigüülegč)

гий‧гүү‧лэгч

гийгүүлэх (giigüülex, “to enlighten”) + -гч (-gč)


цэнхэр

mn-adj

цэнхэр • (cenxer) (Mongolian spelling ᠴᠠᠩᠭᠡ᠊ᠷ (čangge-r))

cenxer (romanization)
ᠴᠠᠩᠭᠡ᠊ᠷ (Mongolian)


харанхуй

From Mongolian хар (xar). Cognate with Buryat харанхы (xaranxy) and Kalmyk харнһу (xarnğu).


сүүлчийн

head

сүүлчийн • (süülčiin)


гашуун

гашуун • (gašuun)


номхон

From Classical Mongolian ᠨᠣᠮᠤᠬᠠᠨ (nomuqan, “tame; mild”).


хоёрдугаар

хо‧ёр‧ду‧гаар

From хоёр (xojor, “two”) + -дугаар (-dugaar, “number”), literally “number two”.


дээд

mn-adj

дээд • (deed) (Mongolian spelling ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ (degedü))

From Proto-Mongolic *dexe-, compare Mongolian дээр (deer).


мэргэн

desc

→ Manchu: ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ (mergen, “good hunter; wise, skilled”)

→ Chinese: 墨爾根／墨尔根 (Mò'ěrgēn, “Mergen (former name of Nenjiang City)”)

→ Bashkir: мәргән (mərgən, “sharpshooter, sniper”)

→ Kazakh: мерген (mergen, “shooter”)

→ Kyrgyz: мерген (mergen, “shooter”)

→ Uzbek: mergan (“shooter, hunter”)

→ Turkmen: mergen (“skilled shooter”)

From Proto-Mongolic *mergen (“smart, wise; good marksman”).


солонгос

From earlier Mongolian Солго (Solgo, “Korea”), whence Manchu ᠰᠣᠯᡥᠣ (solho). Compare Middle Mongol 莎郎合思 (Солонгос, “Goryeo”).


солгой

From Proto-Mongolic *solagaï. Compare Buryat hалгай (halgaj), as well as Kazakh солақай (solaqai, “left-handed”),
Bashkir һулаҡай (hulaqay, “left-handed”),
Azerbaijani solaxay (“left-handed”),
Tuvan солагай (solagay, “left, left-handed”).
Possibly related to Proto-Turkic *sōl (“left”).


цахилгаан соронзон

mn-adj

цахилгаан соронзон • (caxilgaan soronzon)

цахилгаан (caxilgaan, “electrical”) + соронзон (soronzon, “magnet”)


ханхай

Mongolian Cyrillic
 ᠬᠠᠩᠬᠠᠢ
(qangqai) ханхай
(xanxaj)


журамлах

mn-adj

журамлах • (žuramlax)


төмөрсөг

төмөрсөг • (tömörsög)


мажоритар

мажоритар • (mažoritar)

ма‧жо‧ри‧тар

Borrowed from Russian мажорита́рный (mažoritárnyj).

bor+

мажорита́рный


нэгдүгээр

mn-adj

нэгдүгээр • (negdügeer)

From нэг (neg, “one”) + -дүгээр (-dügeer, “number”), literally “number one”.


гуравдугаар

гу‧рав‧ду‧гаар

From гурав (gurav, “three”) + -дугаар (-dugaar, “number”), literally “number three”.


зургаадугаар

зур‧гаа‧ду‧гаар

From зургаа (zurgaa, “six”) + -дугаар (-dugaar, “number”), literally “number six”.


дөрөвдүгээр

mn-adj

дөрөвдүгээр • (dörövdügeer)

дө‧рөв‧дү‧гээр

From дөрөв (döröv, “four”) + -дүгээр (-dügeer, “number”), literally “number four”.


долоодугаар

/ˈtɔɮoːtʊɣaːr̥/

до‧лоо‧ду‧гаар

From долоо (doloo, “seven”) + -дугаар (-dugaar, “number”), literally “number seven”.


наймдугаар

/ˈnɛːmtʊɣaːr̥/

найм‧ду‧гаар

From найм (najm, “eight”) + -дугаар (-dugaar, “number”), literally “number eight”.


есдүгээр

mn-adj

есдүгээр • (jesdügeer)

From ес (jes, “nine”) + -дүгээр (-dügeer, “number”), literally “number nine”.


аравдугаар

а‧рав‧ду‧гаар

From арав (arav, “ten”) + -дугаар (-dugaar, “number”), literally “number ten”.


тавдугаар

From тав (tav, “five”) + -дугаар (-dugaar, “number”), literally “number five”.


гараг

Borrowed from Sanskrit ग्रह (graha, “planet”).


хоёрдогч

mn-adj

хоёрдогч • (xojordogč)


шашингүй

шашингүй • (šašingüj)


баймж

баймж • (bajmž)


аугаа

From Proto-Mongolic *awγa or *abγa. Cognate with Kalmyk ууһ (uuğ, “strength; might”) and Buryat уу (uu, “spacious; wide”).


балар

archaic; primitive; of the distant past; of time immemorial

politically incorrect
politically incorrect

stuck in the Stone Age
stuck in the Stone Age

(figurative, of an attitude) backward; ignorant; out of touch; politically incorrect; stuck in the Stone Age


балархай

(grammar, phonetics, of a vowel) reduced; weak


өргөлттэй

өргөлттэй • (örgölttej)

Mongolian Cyrillic
 ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠯᠲᠡᠲᠡᠢ
(ergültetei) өргөлттэй
(örgölttej)
From lexicalization of the comitative form of өргөлт (örgölt).


жигд

mn-adjective

жигд • (žigd) (Mongolian spelling ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡ (ǰiɣde))

Inner Mongolia University Press
Tohoku University

жигд хөдөлгөөниэй

жигд хуваах


унтаахай

унтаа (untaa, “in a state of sleep”) + -хай (-xaj)


цахим

цахих (caxix, “strike (of a lightning)”) + -м (-m). Compare Kalmyk цәкм (tsäkm).

Pertaining to computer science and electronics; electronic, digital


хөгжилтэй

mn-adj

хөгжилтэй • (xögžiltej)

cheerful; jovial; blithe; funny; jocular


хатуу

mn-noun

хатуу • (xatuu) (Mongolian spelling ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤ (qataɣu))


олон улсын

[ɔ̙.ɮʊ̙̆ɴ̟ ʊɬ.siːɴ̟]


өеө

mn-adj

өеө • (öjöö)


сонсууштай

head

сонсууштай • (sonsuuštaj)

сонс (sons, “to listen”) + -ууштай (-uuštaj)


цэх

mn-adj

цэх • (cex) (Mongolian spelling ᠴᠠᠭᠡᠡ (čagee))

цэх зогсох

цэх явах

цэх шударга байх