Израиль

head

Израиль • (Izrailʹ)

mn-proper noun

Израиль • (Izrailʹ)

Izrailʹ (romanization)
Изра́иль (attributive)
Изра́иль (indefinite nominative singular)
Изра́илийн (genitive indefinite singular)
Изра́илийг (accusative indefinite singular)
Изра́ильд (dative indefinite locative singular)
Изра́илиас (ablative indefinite singular)
Изра́илиар (indefinite instrumental singular)
Изра́ильтай (comitative indefinite singular)
Изра́ильгүй (indefinite privative singular)
Изра́иль руу (directive indefinite singular)
Изра́илиа (indefinite nominative singular)
Изра́илийнхаа (genitive indefinite singular)
Изра́илийгаа (accusative indefinite singular)
Изра́ильдаа (dative indefinite locative singular)
Изра́илиасаа (ablative indefinite singular)
Изра́илиараа (indefinite instrumental singular)
Изра́ильтайгаа (comitative indefinite singular)
Изра́ильгүйгээ (indefinite privative singular)
Изра́иль руугаа (directive indefinite singular)

mn-decl

Изра́иль<r.bor>

Ultimately from Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל (yisra'él, “Israel”).

Alternative form: Израйль (Izrajlʹ)

Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean)


Ирак

head

Ира́к • (Irák) (Mongolian spelling ᠢᠷᠠᠺ)

Ира́к (canonical)
Irák (romanization)
ᠢᠷᠠᠺ (Mongolian)
Ирак (attributive)
Ирак (indefinite nominative singular)
Иракийн (genitive indefinite singular)
Иракийг (accusative indefinite singular)
Иракт (dative indefinite locative singular)
Иракаас (ablative indefinite singular)
Иракаар (indefinite instrumental singular)
Ирактай (comitative indefinite singular)
Иракгүй (indefinite privative singular)
Ирак руу (directive indefinite singular)
Иракаа (indefinite nominative singular)
Иракийнхаа (genitive indefinite singular)
Иракийгаа (accusative indefinite singular)
Ирактаа (dative indefinite locative singular)
Иракаасаа (ablative indefinite singular)
Иракаараа (indefinite instrumental singular)
Ирактайгаа (comitative indefinite singular)
Иракгүйгээ (indefinite privative singular)
Ирак руугаа (directive indefinite singular)

Iraq (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Москва

Moskva (romanization)
Москва́ (attributive)
Москва́ (indefinite nominative singular)
Москва́гийн (genitive indefinite singular)
Москва́г (accusative indefinite singular)
Москва́д (dative indefinite locative singular)
Москва́гаас (ablative indefinite singular)
Москва́гаар (indefinite instrumental singular)
Москва́тай (comitative indefinite singular)
Москва́гүй (indefinite privative singular)
Москва́ руу (directive indefinite singular)
Москва́гаа (indefinite nominative singular)
Москва́гийнхаа (genitive indefinite singular)
Москва́гаа (accusative indefinite singular)
Москва́даа (dative indefinite locative singular)
Москва́гаасаа (ablative indefinite singular)
Москва́гаараа (indefinite instrumental singular)
Москва́тайгаа (comitative indefinite singular)
Москва́гүйгээ (indefinite privative singular)
Москва́ руугаа (directive indefinite singular)

mn-decl

Москва́<r.bor>

Moscow (a federal city, the capital of Russia)


Бутан

Bhutan (a country in South Asia, in the Himalayas)


Афганистан

Аф‧га́‧нис‧тан

Afghanistan (A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)


Португал

/pʰɔr̥tʰʊˈkaɮ/


Андорра

head

Андорра • (Andorra) (Mongolian spelling ᠠᠨᠳᠣᠷᠷᠠ)

Andorra (romanization)
ᠠᠨᠳᠣᠷᠷᠠ (Mongolian)

Andorra (a microstate in Southern Europe, between Spain and France)


Беларусь

Беларусь • (Belarusʹ)

mn-prop

Беларусь • (Belarusʹ)

/ˈpʲɵɮarʊsʲ/

Borrowed from Russian Белару́сь (Belarúsʹ), from Belarusian Белару́сь (Bjelarúsʹ).

Бүгд Найрамдах Беларусь Улс
Бүгд Найрамдах Беларусь Улс#Mongolian

Belarus (a country in Eastern Europe; official name: Бүгд Найрамдах Беларусь Улс (Bügd Najramdax Belarusʹ Uls))


Казахстан

Kazaxstan (romanization)
Казахстан (attributive)
Казахстан (indefinite nominative singular)
Казахстаны (genitive indefinite singular)
Казахстаныг (accusative indefinite singular)
Казахстанд (dative indefinite locative singular)
Казахстанаас (ablative indefinite singular)
Казахстанаар (indefinite instrumental singular)
Казахстантай (comitative indefinite singular)
Казахстангүй (indefinite privative singular)
Казахстан руу (directive indefinite singular)
Казахстанаа (indefinite nominative singular)
Казахстаныхаа (genitive indefinite singular)
Казахстаныгаа (accusative indefinite singular)
Казахстандаа (dative indefinite locative singular)
Казахстанаасаа (ablative indefinite singular)
Казахстанаараа (indefinite instrumental singular)
Казахстантайгаа (comitative indefinite singular)
Казахстангүйгээ (indefinite privative singular)
Казахстан руугаа (directive indefinite singular)

mn-decl

Казахстан<r.bor>

[kʰä.t͜sə̝q˖s.täˑɴ̟]

Borrowed from Russian Казахста́н (Kazaxstán).

bor+

(⁓ улс) Kazakhstan (a country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe)


Иран

Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


Санкт-Петербург

From Russian Са̀нкт-Петербу́рг (Sànkt-Peterbúrg).

bor

Са̀нкт-Петербу́рг

Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg#English

Saint Petersburg (a federal city of Russia); known as Petrograd from 1914 to 1924, and as Leningrad from 1924 to 1991


Лондон

Лондон (attributive)
London (attributive)
Лондон (indefinite nominative singular)
London (indefinite nominative singular)
Лондонгийн (genitive indefinite singular)
Лондонг (accusative indefinite singular)
Лондонд (dative indefinite locative singular)
Лондонгоос (ablative indefinite singular)
Лондонгоор (indefinite instrumental singular)
Лондонтой (comitative indefinite singular)
Лондонгүй (indefinite privative singular)
Лондон руу (directive indefinite singular)
Лондонгоо (indefinite nominative singular)
Лондонгийнхоо (genitive indefinite singular)
Лондонгоо (accusative indefinite singular)
Лондондоо (dative indefinite locative singular)
Лондонгоосоо (ablative indefinite singular)
Лондонгоороо (indefinite instrumental singular)
Лондонтойгоо (comitative indefinite singular)
Лондонгүйгээ (indefinite privative singular)
Лондон руугаа (directive indefinite singular)

London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England)


Египет

Borrowed from Russian Еги́пет (Jegípet).

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


Сингапур

Borrowed from Russian Сингапу́р (Singapúr).

bor+

Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony)


Сибирь

head

Сибирь • (Sibirʹ) (Mongolian spelling ᠰᠢᠪᠢᠷᠢ)

Sibirʹ (romanization)
ᠰᠢᠪᠢᠷᠢ (Mongolian)

Borrowed from Russian Сиби́рь f (Sibírʹ).


Непал

Nepal (a country in South Asia, located between China and India)


Бангладеш

Бангладеш • (Bangladeš)

mn-prop

Бангладеш • (Bangladeš)

Borrowed from Russian Бангладе́ш (Bangladɛ́š), from English Bangladesh, from Bengali বাংলাদেশ (baṅladeś).


Вьетнам

head

Вьетнам • (Vʹjetnam)

mn-proper noun

Вьетнам • (Vʹjetnam)

Vʹjetnam (romanization)
Вьетнам (attributive)
Вьетнам (indefinite nominative singular)
Вьетнамын (genitive indefinite singular)
Вьетнамыг (accusative indefinite singular)
Вьетнамд (dative indefinite locative singular)
Вьетнамаас (ablative indefinite singular)
Вьетнамаар (indefinite instrumental singular)
Вьетнамтай (comitative indefinite singular)
Вьетнамгүй (indefinite privative singular)
Вьетнам руу (directive indefinite singular)
Вьетнамаа (indefinite nominative singular)
Вьетнамынхаа (genitive indefinite singular)
Вьетнамыгаа (accusative indefinite singular)
Вьетнамдаа (dative indefinite locative singular)
Вьетнамаасаа (ablative indefinite singular)
Вьетнамаараа (indefinite instrumental singular)
Вьетнамтайгаа (comitative indefinite singular)
Вьетнамгүйгээ (indefinite privative singular)
Вьетнам руугаа (directive indefinite singular)

mn-decl

Вьетнам<r.bor>

Borrowed from Russian Вьетна́м (Vʹjetnám).


Хятад

From Classical Mongolian ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ (Kitad, “the Chinese; China”, plural), from Middle Mongol ᠺᠢᠲᠠᠳ (Kitad, “the Khitans”, plural), ultimately from Khitan 𘱿𘲫 (*qid ún).
Compare also Buryat Хитад (Xitad), Kalmyk Китд (Kitd); Tuvan Кыдат (Kıdat), Khakas Хыдат (Xıdat); Southern Altai Кыдат (Kïdat); Kyrgyz Кытай (Kıtay), Kazakh Қытай (Qytai), Karachay-Balkar Къытай (Qıtay); Old East Slavic Китай (Kitaj), Russian Кита́й (Kitáj); English Cathay; Uzbek Xitoy, Turkmen Hytaý; Chinese 契丹 (Qìdān).

inh

China (a region and country in East Asia)


Тайланд

Tajland (romanization)
Тайланд (attributive)
Тайланд (indefinite nominative singular)
Тайландын (genitive indefinite singular)
Тайландыг (accusative indefinite singular)
Тайландад (dative indefinite locative singular)
Тайландаас (ablative indefinite singular)
Тайландаар (indefinite instrumental singular)
Тайландтай (comitative indefinite singular)
Тайландгүй (indefinite privative singular)
Тайланд руу (directive indefinite singular)
Тайландаа (indefinite nominative singular)
Тайландынхаа (genitive indefinite singular)
Тайландыгаа (accusative indefinite singular)
Тайланддаа (dative indefinite locative singular)
Тайландаасаа (ablative indefinite singular)
Тайландаараа (indefinite instrumental singular)
Тайландтайгаа (comitative indefinite singular)
Тайландгүйгээ (indefinite privative singular)
Тайланд руугаа (directive indefinite singular)

mn-decl

Тайланд<r.bor>

Borrowed from Russian Тайла́нд (Tajlánd, “(misspelling) Thailand”), from English Thailand.

bor+

(⁓ улс) Thailand (a country in Southeast Asia)


Исланд

North Atlantic Ocean
North Atlantic Ocean#English

Iceland (an island and country in Europe, North Atlantic Ocean; capital: Reykjavík)


Армен

head

Армен • (Armen) (Mongolian spelling ᠠᠷᠮᠧᠨ)

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


Орос

From Classical Mongolian ᠣᠷᠤᠰ (Orus), from Middle Mongol 斡羅思 (orus), from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ). Initial О- (O-) is a prosthetic determined by vowel harmony, as native Mongolian does not allow a word-initial rhotic consonant.

Орос орон

Орос улс

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Энэтхэг

From Old Uyghur [script needed] (enetkek), from Sogdian [script needed] (ʾntʾwk /induk/), from Proto-Iranian. Compare modern Uyghur ئەنەتكەك (enetkek).

der

Бүгд Найрамдах Энэтхэг Улс
Бүгд Найрамдах Энэтхэг Улс#Mongolian

India (a country in South Asia; official name: Бүгд Найрамдах Энэтхэг Улс (Bügd Najramdax Enetxeg Uls))


Сөүл

head

Сөүл • (Söül)

mn-prop

Сөүл • (Söül)

Söül (romanization)
Сөүл (attributive)
Сөүл (indefinite nominative singular)
Сөүлийн (genitive indefinite singular)
Сөүлийг (accusative indefinite singular)
Сөүлд (dative indefinite locative singular)
Сөүлээс (ablative indefinite singular)
Сөүлээр (indefinite instrumental singular)
Сөүлтэй (comitative indefinite singular)
Сөүлгүй (indefinite privative singular)
Сөүл рүү (directive indefinite singular)
Сөүлээ (indefinite nominative singular)
Сөүлийнхээ (genitive indefinite singular)
Сөүлийгээ (accusative indefinite singular)
Сөүлдээ (dative indefinite locative singular)
Сөүлээсээ (ablative indefinite singular)
Сөүлээрээ (indefinite instrumental singular)
Сөүлтэйгээ (comitative indefinite singular)
Сөүлгүйгээ (indefinite privative singular)
Сөүл рүүгээ (directive indefinite singular)

Borrowed from Korean 서울 (Seoul, “Seoul”).


Бээжин

head

Бээжин • (Beežin)

mn-prop

Бээжин • (Beežin); (hidden-g declension)

Beežin (romanization)
hidden-g declension (romanization)
Бээжин (attributive)
Бээжин (indefinite nominative singular)
Бээжингийн (genitive indefinite singular)
Бээжинг (accusative indefinite singular)
Бээжинд (dative indefinite locative singular)
Бээжингээс (ablative indefinite singular)
Бээжингээр (indefinite instrumental singular)
Бээжинтэй (comitative indefinite singular)
Бээжингүй (indefinite privative singular)
Бээжин рүү (directive indefinite singular)
Бээжингээ (indefinite nominative singular)
Бээжингийнхээ (genitive indefinite singular)
Бээжингээ (accusative indefinite singular)
Бээжиндээ (dative indefinite locative singular)
Бээжингээсээ (ablative indefinite singular)
Бээжингээрээ (indefinite instrumental singular)
Бээжинтэйгээ (comitative indefinite singular)
Бээжингүйгээ (indefinite privative singular)
Бээжин рүүгээ (directive indefinite singular)

[pe̞ː.t͡ʃɪ̆ŋ]

Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ (begeǰing), from Mandarin 北京 (Běijīng).

inh+

Beijing (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)


Герман

Герма́н (attributive)
Герма́н (indefinite nominative singular)
Герма́ны (genitive indefinite singular)
Герма́ныг (accusative indefinite singular)
Герма́нд (dative indefinite locative singular)
Герма́наас (ablative indefinite singular)
Герма́наар (indefinite instrumental singular)
Герма́нтай (comitative indefinite singular)
Герма́нгүй (indefinite privative singular)
Герма́н руу (directive indefinite singular)
Герма́наа (indefinite nominative singular)
Герма́ныхаа (genitive indefinite singular)
Герма́ныгаа (accusative indefinite singular)
Герма́ндаа (dative indefinite locative singular)
Герма́наасаа (ablative indefinite singular)
Герма́наараа (indefinite instrumental singular)
Герма́нтайгаа (comitative indefinite singular)
Герма́нгүйгээ (indefinite privative singular)
Герма́н руугаа (directive indefinite singular)

[ɡe̝r.mäˑɴ̟]

From Russian Герма́ния f (Germánija) and герма́н- (germán-, stem), from Latin Germānia f and Germān- (stem).

(⁓ улс) Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)

Buryat language
Kalmyk Oirat
Khalkha Mongolian
Mongolian script


Шанхай

head

Шанхай • (Šanxaj)

mn-prop

Шанхай • (Šanxaj)

Borrowed from Russian Шанхай (Šanxaj), from Chinese 上海 (Shànghǎi).

Shanghai (a direct-administered municipality and major port city in eastern China)


Итали

Derived from Russian Ита́лия f inan (Itálija), from Latin Ī̆talia f. Russian suffix -ия (-ija) became silent -и (-i), resulting from the removal of unstressed feminine marker -a, along with preceding excrescence -j-.


Албани

head

Албани • (Albani) (Mongolian spelling ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨᠢ)

Albani (romanization)
ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨᠢ (Mongolian)
Албани (nominative)
Албанийн (genitive)
Албанийнх (genitive possessive-substantive)
Албанид (dative locative)
Албанийг (accusative definite)
Албаниас (ablative)
Албаниар (instrumental)
Албанитай (comitative)
Албани руу (directional)
Албаниа (accusative)
Албанийгаа (accusative definite)
Албанийнхаа (genitive)
Албанидаа (dative locative)
Албаниасаа (ablative)
Албаниараа (instrumental)
Албанитайгаа (comitative)
Албани руугаа (directional)

From Russian Алба́ния (Albánija), from Latin Albania.

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English


Шивэр

Шивэр • (Šiver) (Mongolian spelling ᠱᠢᠪᠧᠷ)

(archaic) Siberia (the region of Russia in Asia)


Бельги

Бельги • (Belʹgi) (Mongolian spelling ᠪᠧᠯᠭᠢ)

Borrowed from Russian Бе́льгия (Bélʹgija).

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


Австри

Австри • (Avstri) (Mongolian spelling ᠠᠦᠰᠲᠷᠢ)

Avstri (romanization)
ᠠᠦᠰᠲᠷᠢ (Mongolian)

From the stem of Russian А́встрия f inan sg (Ávstrija), from Medieval Latin Austria f sg.

Бүгд Найрамдах Австри Улс


Япон

Japon (romanization)
Япо́н (attributive)
Япо́н (indefinite nominative singular)
Япо́ны (genitive indefinite singular)
Япо́ныг (accusative indefinite singular)
Япо́нд (dative indefinite locative singular)
Япо́ноос (ablative indefinite singular)
Япо́ноор (indefinite instrumental singular)
Япо́нтой (comitative indefinite singular)
Япо́нгүй (indefinite privative singular)
Япо́н руу (directive indefinite singular)
Япо́ноо (indefinite nominative singular)
Япо́ныхоо (genitive indefinite singular)
Япо́ныгоо (accusative indefinite singular)
Япо́ндоо (dative indefinite locative singular)
Япо́ноосоо (ablative indefinite singular)
Япо́ноороо (indefinite instrumental singular)
Япо́нтойгоо (comitative indefinite singular)
Япо́нгүйгээ (indefinite privative singular)
Япо́н руугаа (directive indefinite singular)

Borrowed from Russian Япо́н- (Japón-), root of Япо́ния f inan (Japónija, “Japan”), from New Latin Japonia f, from Chinese 日本.

Япон Улс

Japan (official name of the sovereign state)


Турк

Бүгд Найрамдах Турк Улс ― Bügd Najramdax Turk Uls ― the Republic of Türkiye, the Republic of Turkey

Turkey (a country located in Thrace in southeastern Europe and Anatolia in southwestern Asia)


Азербайжан

Азербайжан • (Azerbajžan)

mn-proper noun

Азербайжан • (Azerbajžan)

А‧зер‧бай‧жан

Azerbaijan (a country in the South Caucasus, Asia and Europe)


Дани

Dani (romanization)
ᠳᠠᠨᠢ (Mongolian)
Дани (nominative)
Данийн (genitive)
Данийнх (genitive possessive-substantive)
Данид (dative locative)
Данийг (accusative definite)
Даниас (ablative)
Даниар (instrumental)
Данитай (comitative)
Дани руу (directional)
Даниа (accusative)
Данийгаа (accusative definite)
Данийнхаа (genitive)
Данидаа (dative locative)
Даниасаа (ablative)
Даниараа (instrumental)
Данитайгаа (comitative)
Дани руугаа (directional)

From Russian Да́ния (Dánija), from Medieval Latin Dānia.


Испани

head

Испани • (Ispani) (Mongolian spelling ᠢᠰᠫᠠᠨᠢ)

Ispani (romanization)
ᠢᠰᠫᠠᠨᠢ (Mongolian)
Испани (nominative)
Испанийн (genitive)
Испанид (genitive possessive-substantive)
Испанийг (dative locative)
Испаниас (accusative definite)
Испаниар (ablative)
Испанитай (instrumental)
Испани руу (comitative)
Испаниа (accusative)
Испанийгаа (accusative definite)
Испанийнхаа (genitive)
Испанидаа (dative locative)
Испаниасаа (ablative)
Испаниараа (instrumental)
Испанитайгаа (comitative)
Испани руугаа (directional)

From Russian Испа́ния (Ispánija), from Latin Hispānia.

(⁓ улс) Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


Грек

From грек (grek), from Russian грек (grek).


Франц

Franc (romanization)
Франц (attributive)
Франц (indefinite nominative singular)
Францын (genitive indefinite singular)
Францыг (accusative indefinite singular)
Францад (dative indefinite locative singular)
Францаас (ablative indefinite singular)
Францаар (indefinite instrumental singular)
Францтай (comitative indefinite singular)
Францгүй (indefinite privative singular)
Франц руу (directive indefinite singular)
Францаа (indefinite nominative singular)
Францынхаа (genitive indefinite singular)
Францыгаа (accusative indefinite singular)
Францдаа (dative indefinite locative singular)
Францаасаа (ablative indefinite singular)
Францаараа (indefinite instrumental singular)
Францтайгаа (comitative indefinite singular)
Францгүйгээ (indefinite privative singular)
Франц руугаа (directive indefinite singular)

Borrowed from Russian Фра́нция (Fráncija) + -∅, from Latin Francia. Displaced Middle Mongol terms ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠨᠺᠺᠤᠳ (barankkud, plural) and ᠸᠢᠷᠠᠨᠺᠺᠤᠳ (wirankkud, plural).


Гүрж

head

Гүрж • (Gürž) (Mongolian spelling ᠭᠦᠷᠵᠢ)

Georgia (A transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe)


Саудын Араб

Saudi Arabia (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)

mn:Саудын Араб


Украйн

Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)


Болгар

Derived from Russian Болга́рия (Bolgárija).

der+

Монгол, Болгарын харилцаа ― Mongol, Bolgaryn xarilcaa ― Mongolia–Bulgaria relations

Болгар улс
Болгар улс#Mongolian

short for Болгар улс (Bolgar uls).: Bulgaria (a country in Southeast Europe)


Нидерланд

head

Нидерланд • (Niderland) (Mongolian spelling ᠨᠢᠳᠧᠷᠯᠠᠨᠳ)

Niderland (romanization)
ᠨᠢᠳᠧᠷᠯᠠᠨᠳ (Mongolian)

Ни‧дер‧ла́нд

Borrowed from Russian Нидерла́нды (Niderlándy).

Kingdom of the Netherlands
Kingdom of the Netherlands#English

constituent countries
constituent country

Netherlands (The main constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located primarily in Western Europe bordering Germany and Belgium)

Netherlands, Kingdom of the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe, consisting of four constituent countries: the Netherlands per se, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten)

mn:Нидерланд


Хөхнуур

Хөхнуур • (Xöxnuur) (Mongolian spelling ᠬᠥᠬᠡ
ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ)

Xöxnuur (romanization)
ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ (Mongolian)

хөх (xöx, “blue”) + нуур (nuur, “lake”).


Хорват

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Croatia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


өөлд

mn-noun

өөлд • (ööld) (Mongolian spelling ᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳ (ögeled), definite plural өөлдүүд)

ööld (romanization)
ᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳ (Mongolian)
өөлдүүд (definite plural)
өөлд (attributive)
өөлд (indefinite nominative singular)
өөлдүүд (definite nominative plural)
өөлдийн (genitive indefinite singular)
өөлдүүдийн (definite genitive plural)
өөлдийг (accusative indefinite singular)
өөлдүүдийг (accusative definite plural)
өөлдөд (dative indefinite locative singular)
өөлдүүдэд (dative definite locative plural)
өөлдөөс (ablative indefinite singular)
өөлдүүдээс (ablative definite plural)
өөлдөөр (indefinite instrumental singular)
өөлдүүдээр (definite instrumental plural)
өөлдтэй (comitative indefinite singular)
өөлдүүдтэй (comitative definite plural)
өөлдгүй (indefinite privative singular)
өөлдүүдгүй (definite plural privative)
өөлд рүү (directive indefinite singular)
өөлдүүд рүү (definite directive plural)
өөлдөө (indefinite nominative singular)
өөлдүүдээ (definite nominative plural)
өөлдийнхөө (genitive indefinite singular)
өөлдүүдийнхээ (definite genitive plural)
өөлдийгөө (accusative indefinite singular)
өөлдүүдийгээ (accusative definite plural)
өөлддөө (dative indefinite locative singular)
өөлдүүддээ (dative definite locative plural)
өөлдөөсөө (ablative indefinite singular)
өөлдүүдээсээ (ablative definite plural)
өөлдөөрөө (indefinite instrumental singular)
өөлдүүдээрээ (definite instrumental plural)
өөлдтэйгөө (comitative indefinite singular)
өөлдүүдтэйгээ (comitative definite plural)
өөлдгүйгээ (indefinite privative singular)
өөлдүүдгүйгээ (definite plural privative)
өөлд рүүгээ (directive indefinite singular)
өөлдүүд рүүгээ (definite directive plural)

аймаг аймаг#Mongolian

ястан ястан#Mongolian

(⁓ аймаг; ⁓ ястан) Ölöts, Eleuths (tribe)


Хонконг

Borrowed from Cantonese 香港 (hoeng¹ gong²).

(Mongolia) Hong Kong (a city and special administrative region of China)


зүүнгар

зүүнгар • (züüngar)

[t͜suːɴ‿ɢä̠r]

From Classical Mongolian ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ
ᠭᠠᠷ (ǰegün ɣar); equivalent to зүүн (züün, “left”) + гар (gar, “hand; arm”).

com

Зүүнгарын хаант улс ― Züüngaryn xaant uls ― the Dzungar Khanate (modern term)

аймаг аймаг#Mongolian


Хасаг

head

Хасаг • (Xasag) (Mongolian spelling ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠭ)

Xasag (romanization)
ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠭ (Mongolian)
Хасаг (attributive)
Хасаг (indefinite nominative singular)
Хасагийн (genitive indefinite singular)
Хасагийг (accusative indefinite singular)
Хасагт (dative indefinite locative singular)
Хасагаас (ablative indefinite singular)
Хасагаар (indefinite instrumental singular)
Хасагтай (comitative indefinite singular)
Хасаггүй (indefinite privative singular)
Хасаг руу (directive indefinite singular)
Хасагаа (indefinite nominative singular)
Хасгийнхаа (genitive indefinite singular)
Хасгийгаа (accusative indefinite singular)
Хасагтаа (dative indefinite locative singular)
Хасгаасаа (ablative indefinite singular)
Хасгаараа (indefinite instrumental singular)
Хасагтайгаа (comitative indefinite singular)
Хасаггүйгээ (indefinite privative singular)
Хасаг руугаа (directive indefinite singular)

(informal) Kazakhstan (a country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe)


Индонез

Indonesia (a country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia)


Манжуур

Манжуур • (Manžuur) (Mongolian spelling ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤᠤᠷ)

Manžuur (romanization)
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤᠤᠷ (Mongolian)

Manchuria (a geographical region in northeastern Asia)


Сири

Siri (romanization)
ᠰᠢᠷᠢ (Mongolian)
Сири (nominative)
Сирийн (genitive)
Сирийнх (genitive possessive-substantive)
Сирид (dative locative)
Сирийг (accusative definite)
Сирээс (ablative)
Сирээр (instrumental)
Сиритэй (comitative)
Сири рүү (directional)
Сирээ (accusative)
Сирийгээ (accusative definite)
Сирийнхээ (genitive)
Сиридээ (dative locative)
Сирээсээ (ablative)
Сирээрээ (instrumental)
Сиритэйгээ (comitative)
Сири рүүгээ (directional)

From Russian Си́рия (Sírija), from Latin Sȳria, from Ancient Greek Συρία (Suría).

Syria (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


түмэд

mn-noun

түмэд • (tümed)

From Classical Mongolian ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠳ (tümed), from Middle Mongol [Term?]. Equivalent to түм- (tüm-, “ten thousand”) + -д (-d, plural suffix).

suffix

аймаг аймаг#Mongolian

түмэн түмэн#Mongolian

(⁓ аймаг; ⁓ түмэн) Tumed (Mongolian tribe)

аймаг аймаг#Mongolian

түмэн түмэн#Mongolian


Монгол Улс

[mɔ̙ɴ.ɢʊ̙ɮ‿ʊ̙ɮs]

Монгол Улсын Үндсэн хууль

Монгол Улсын Төрийн сүлд, далбаа

the National Emblem and Flag of Mongolia


Польш

head

Польш • (Polʹš)

mn-proper noun

Польш • (Polʹš)

Polʹš (romanization)
Польш (attributive)
Польш (indefinite nominative singular)
Польшийн (genitive indefinite singular)
Польшийг (accusative indefinite singular)
Польшид (dative indefinite locative singular)
Польшоос (ablative indefinite singular)
Польшоор (indefinite instrumental singular)
Польштой (comitative indefinite singular)
Польшгүй (indefinite privative singular)
Польш руу (directive indefinite singular)
Польшоо (indefinite nominative singular)
Польшийнхоо (genitive indefinite singular)
Польшийгоо (accusative indefinite singular)
Польшдоо (dative indefinite locative singular)
Польшоосоо (ablative indefinite singular)
Польшоороо (indefinite instrumental singular)
Польштойгоо (comitative indefinite singular)
Польшгүйгээ (indefinite privative singular)
Польш руугаа (directive indefinite singular)

Borrowed from Russian По́льш- (Pólʹš-), stem of По́льша f inan sg (Pólʹša, “Poland”); in turn from Middle Russian По́льша f sg (Pólʹša, “Poland”), from Old Ruthenian [Term?] f sg (“Poland”), from Middle Polish Polska f sg (“Poland”), from Old Polish Polska f sg (“Poland”).

der

Бүгд Найрамдах Польш Улс


Израйль

head

Израйль • (Izrajlʹ)

mn-proper noun

Израйль • (Izrajlʹ)

Израиль Израиль#Mongolian

Alternative form of Израиль (Izrailʹ): Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean)


Украин

Borrowed from the stem of Russian Украи́на f inan sg (Ukraína, “Ukraine”), from Old East Slavic оукраина f sg (ukraina).


хятад

xjatad (romanization)
хятадын (nominative)
хятадад (genitive)
дахь (genitive possessive-substantive)
хятадыг (dative locative)
хятадаас (accusative definite)
хятадаар (ablative)
хятадтай (instrumental)
руу (comitative)
хятадууд (directional)

Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ (kitad, “the Chinese; a Chinese”), which had been semantically collectivised (and further singulated, for the sense of person) from Middle Mongol 乞塔惕 (kitad, “the Khitans”), in plural suffix -d.
Conpare also Khamnigan Mongol китад (kitad), Buryat хитад (xitad), and Kalmyk китд (kitd).

inh

хятад үндэстэн

хятад хүн

хятад хэл

хятад цаас

хятад ханз


Өвөр Монгол

head

Өвөр Монгол • (Övör Mongol)

mn-proper noun

Өвөр Монгол • (Övör Mongol)

/ˈɵw̜ɵr̥ mɔŋkɔɮ/

From өвөр (övör, “inner”) + Монгол (Mongol, “Mongolia”).

compound

Inner Mongolia (an autonomous region of China)

Mongolian script
mn:Өвөр Монголын Өөртөө Засах Орон


Серби

Borrowed from Russian Се́рбия (Sérbija).

Serbia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Голланд

Borrowed from Russian Голла́ндия (Gollándija).

Holland (a traditional region in the Netherlands formed by two modern provinces, North Holland and South Holland)

Holland, the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe)

mn:Нидерланд


Мьянмар

head

Мьянмар • (Mʹjanmar)

mn-proper noun

Мьянмар • (Mʹjanmar)

Mʹjanmar (romanization)
Мьянмар (attributive)
Мьянмар (indefinite nominative singular)
Мьянмарын (genitive indefinite singular)
Мьянмарыг (accusative indefinite singular)
Мьянмарт (dative indefinite locative singular)
Мьянмараас (ablative indefinite singular)
Мьянмараар (indefinite instrumental singular)
Мьянмартай (comitative indefinite singular)
Мьянмаргүй (indefinite privative singular)
Мьянмар луу (directive indefinite singular)
Мьянмараа (indefinite nominative singular)
Мьянмарынхаа (genitive indefinite singular)
Мьянмарыгаа (accusative indefinite singular)
Мьянмартаа (dative indefinite locative singular)
Мьянмараасаа (ablative indefinite singular)
Мьянмараараа (indefinite instrumental singular)
Мьянмартайгаа (comitative indefinite singular)
Мьянмаргүйгээ (indefinite privative singular)
Мьянмар луугаа (directive indefinite singular)


Зөвлөлт Холбоот Улс

head

Зөвлөлт Холбоот Улс

Зөвлөлт Холбоот Улс • (Zövlölt Xolboot Uls)

mn-prop

Зөвлөлт Холбоот Улс

Alternative form: (abbreviation) ЗХУ (ZXU)

Зөвлөлт Социалист Бүгд Найрамдах Холбоот Улс

(historical) Soviet Union (a former country in Europe and Asia)


ойрад

mn-noun

ойрад • (ojrad) (definite plural ойрадууд or ойрадчууд)

ojrad (romanization)
ойрадууд (definite plural)
ойрадчууд (definite plural)
ойрад (nominative)
ойрадын (genitive)
ойрадынх (genitive possessive-substantive)
ойрадод (dative locative)
ойрадыг (accusative definite)
ойрадоос (ablative)
ойрадоор (instrumental)
ойрадтой (comitative)
ойрад руу (directional)
ойрадоо (accusative)
ойрадыгоо (accusative definite)
ойрадынхоо (genitive)
ойрадодоо (dative locative)
ойрадоосоо (ablative)
ойрадоороо (instrumental)
ойрадтойгоо (comitative)
ойрад руугаа (directional)

From Classical Mongolian ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠᠳ (oyirad), from Middle Mongol 斡亦剌惕 (oyirad). Compare also Buryat ойрад (ojrad) and Kalmyk өөрд (öörd).

ойрад хэл

ойрад хүн

the Oirats (Mongolic people)
(attributive) Oirat

the Oirats (Mongolic people)
(singulative) an Oirat (person)

the Oirats (Mongolic people)
an Oirat (person)

дөрвөн ойрад

the Four Oirats (a historical tribal confederation)


БНХАУ

BNXAU (romanization)
БНХАУ (nominative)
БНХАУ-ын (genitive)
БНХАУ-ад (genitive possessive-substantive)
БНХАУ-ыг (dative locative)
БНХАУ-аас (accusative definite)
БНХАУ-аар (ablative)
БНХАУ-тай (instrumental)
БНХАУ руу (comitative)

Бүгд Найрамдах Хятад Ард Улс
Бүгд Найрамдах Хятад Ард Улс#Mongolian

People’s Republic of China
People’s Republic of China

PRC (a country in East Asia) (initialism of Бүгд Найрамдах Хятад Ард Улс (Bügd Najramdax Xjatad Ard Uls, “People’s Republic of China”))


захчин

захчин • (zaxčin) (Mongolian spelling ᠵᠠᠬᠠᠴᠢᠨ (ǰaqačin), definite plural захчинууд or захчид); (regular declension)

zaxčin (romanization)
ᠵᠠᠬᠠᠴᠢᠨ (Mongolian)
захчинууд (definite plural)
захчид (definite plural)
захчин (nominative)
захчины (genitive)
захчиных (genitive possessive-substantive)
захчинд (dative locative)
захчиныг (accusative definite)
захчинаас (ablative)
захчинаар (instrumental)
захчинтай (comitative)
захчин руу (directional)
захчинаа (accusative)
захчиныгаа (accusative definite)
захчиныхаа (genitive)
захчиндаа (dative locative)
захчинаасаа (ablative)
захчинаараа (instrumental)
захчинтайгаа (comitative)
захчин руугаа (directional)

/t͜saχt͜ɕʰəŋ/

From Classical Mongolian ᠵᠠᠬᠠᠴᠢᠨ (ǰaqačin); equivalent to зах (zax) + -чин (-čin).


Дундад улс

Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ
ᠤᠯᠤᠰ (dumdadu ulus, “China”, literally “the Central State”), a calque of Chinese 中國／中国 (Zhōngguó). Compare also Manchu ᡩᡠᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ
ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ (dulimbai gurun).

inh

ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ

inh+

ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ

nc

ᡩᡠᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ


Киргиз

Borrowed from Russian Кирги́зия (Kirgízija).

bor+

Kyrgyzstan (a country in Central Asia, bordering on Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and China)


баяд

mn-noun

баяд • (bajad) (Mongolian spelling ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠳ (bayad), definite plural баядууд); (regular declension)

bajad (romanization)
ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠳ (Mongolian)
баядууд (definite plural)
баяд (nominative)
баядын (genitive)
баядад (genitive possessive-substantive)
баядыг (dative locative)
баядаас (accusative definite)
баядаар (ablative)
баядтай (instrumental)
баяд руу (comitative)
баядаа (accusative)
баядыгаа (accusative definite)
баядынхаа (genitive)
баядадаа (dative locative)
баядаасаа (ablative)
баядаараа (instrumental)
баядтайгаа (comitative)
баяд руугаа (directional)

Morphologically бая- (baja-, “rich”) + -д (-d, plural suffix).

suffix

аймаг аймаг#Mongolian

ястан ястан#Mongolian

(⁓ аймаг; ⁓ ястан) Bayats (Oirat-Mongolian tribe, vassal of the Dörbets)


барга

mn-noun

барга • (barga) (Mongolian spelling ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ (barɣu), definite plural баргачууд); (regular declension)

barga (romanization)
ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ (Mongolian)
баргачууд (definite plural)
барга (nominative)
баргын (genitive)
баргад (genitive possessive-substantive)
баргыг (dative locative)
баргаас (accusative definite)
баргаар (ablative)
баргатай (instrumental)
барга руу (comitative)
баргаа (accusative)
баргыгаа (accusative definite)
баргынхаа (genitive)
баргадаа (dative locative)
баргаасаа (ablative)
баргаараа (instrumental)
баргатайгаа (comitative)
барга руугаа (directional)

From Classical Mongolian ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ (barɣu). Compare Buryat барга (barga); Manchu ᠪᠠᡵᡥᡡ (barhū), Chinese 巴爾虎／巴尔虎 (Bā’ěrhǔ).

zh-l

巴爾虎／巴尔虎 (Bā’ěrhǔ)


Румын

Румын улс ― Rumyn uls ― Romania

Румын Улс


Словени

head

Словени • (Sloveni) (Mongolian spelling ᠰᠯᠤᠸᠧᠨᠢ)

Sloveni (romanization)
ᠰᠯᠤᠸᠧᠨᠢ (Mongolian)
Словени (nominative)
Словенийн (genitive)
Словенийнх (genitive possessive-substantive)
Словенид (dative locative)
Словенийг (accusative definite)
Словениос (ablative)
Словениор (instrumental)
Словенитой (comitative)
Словени руу (directional)
Словенио (accusative)
Словенийгоо (accusative definite)
Словенийнхоо (genitive)
Словенидоо (dative locative)
Словениосоо (ablative)
Словениороо (instrumental)
Словенитойгоо (comitative)
Словени руугаа (directional)

(⁓ улс) Slovenia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe)


Европын Холбоо

Европын Холбоо

mn-proper noun

Европын Холбоо

ᠧᠦᠷᠣᠫᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠ

mn:Европын Холбоо


ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ

From a Turkic source, ultimately from Old Turkic 𐰶𐰃𐱃𐰪 (Qïtań, “Khitan”), from Khitan 𘱿𘲫 (*qid ún, “Khitan”). Cognate with Old East Slavic Китай (Kitaj), Russian Кита́й (Kitáj), Kyrgyz Кытай (Kıtay), Karachay-Balkar Къытай (Qıtay), Uzbek Xitoy, Turkmen Hytaý and Chinese 契丹 (Qìdān), English Cathay.

China (a region and country in East Asia), Cathay


ᠣᠷᠤᠰ

Mongolian Cyrillic ᠣᠷᠤᠰ Орос ᠣᠷᠤᠰ (canonical)
Orus (romanization)
Oros (romanization)
orus (romanization)

→ Dzongkha: ཨུ་རུ་སུ (u ru su)

→ Manchu: ᠣᡵᠣᠰ (oros)

→ Chinese: 俄羅斯／俄罗斯 (Éluósī)

→ Vietnamese: Nga La Tư

→ Tibetan: ཨུ་རུ་སུ (u ru su)

Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠣᠷᠤᠰ (Orus, “Russia”), from Middle Mongol 斡羅思 (orus, “Rusʹ”), from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ). Initial o- was an epenthesis determined by vowel harmony, as natively Mongolian does not allow a word-initial liquid consonant.

inh+

ᠣᠷᠤᠰ
ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ― orus orun ― Russia (as geographical region)

ᠣᠷᠤᠰ
ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ― orus ulus ― Russia (as country or state)

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Камбож

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Камбож • (Kambož)

mn-proper noun

Камбож • (Kambož)


ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ

Calque from Chinese 中國／中国 (Zhōngguó, “China”). Compare Manchu ᡩᡠᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ
ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ (dulimbai gurun, “China”).

cog

ᡩᡠᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ


Бүгд Найрамдах Монгол Ард Улс

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Бүгд Найрамдах Монгол Ард Улс

Бүгд Найрамдах Монгол Ард Улс • (Bügd Najramdax Mongol Ard Uls)

mn-proper noun

Бүгд Найрамдах Монгол Ард Улс

Bügd Najramdax Mongol Ard Uls (romanization)

Mongolian People's Republic
Mongolian People's Republic#English

(historical) Mongolian People's Republic (a former country in East Asia)

en-Бүгд_Найрамдах_Монгол_Ард_Улс-mn-name-jtl92x7w


Норвег

Borrowed from Russian Норве́г- (Norvég-), root of Норве́гия f inan (Norvégija, “Norway”), which is from New Latin Norvegia f (“Norway”).

Норвегийн Хаант Улс

Norway (a country in Scandinavia, in northern Europe)


Шиньжян

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Шиньжян • (Šinʹžjan)

mn-proper noun

Шиньжян • (Šinʹžjan)

Xinjiang (an autonomous region and former province in western China; capital: Ürümqi)


Хойд Солонгос

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Хойд Солонгос

mn-prop

Хойд Солонгос

/ˈxɔi̯t sɔɮɔŋkɔs/


Умард Солонгос

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Умард Солонгос

mn-prop

Умард Солонгос


ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ

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ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ • (begeǰing)

mn-prop

ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ • (begeǰing)

ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠦᠨ
ᠲᠦᠩᠰᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ
ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ
ᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ
ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠮ
「ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ
ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠲ」
ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ
ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ
ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ᠃

begeǰing-ün tüngsi-eče boɣda-du ɣal-un naɣadum 「yosolal-un solit」 abčiraǰu öɣgüɣsen tuqai.

Beijing (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)


БНМАУ

Бүгд Найрамдах Монгол Ард Улс
Бүгд Найрамдах Монгол Ард Улс#Mongolian

Mongolian People's Republic
Mongolian People's Republic

(historical) Initialism of Бүгд Найрамдах Монгол Ард Улс (Bügd Najramdax Mongol Ard Uls, “Mongolian People's Republic”).


Бүгд Найрамдах Хятад Ард Улс

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Бүгд Найрамдах Хятад Ард Улс

Бүгд Найрамдах Хятад Ард Улс • (Bügd Najramdax Xjatad Ard Uls)

mn-prop

Бүгд Найрамдах Хятад Ард Улс

Bügd Najramdax Xjatad Ard Uls (romanization)

[pu.ɡɵ̝̆t næː.rɜm.tɐχ x̟ʲɛ̝.ʰtɜ̆t ärt ʊ̞ɬs]

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China#English

the People's Republic of China (a country in East Asia)

en-Бүгд_Найрамдах_Хятад_Ард_Улс-mn-name-Ddb9QQgz


Шианган

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Шианган • (Šiangan)

mn-prop

Шианган • (Šiangan)

/ˈɕi̯aːŋkaŋ/

(China) Hong Kong (a city and special administrative region of China)


цэдэнбализм

цэ‧дэн‧ба‧ли‧зм

Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal
w:Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal

(communism, historical) Tsedenbalism (the communist ideology espoused by Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal)


ОХУ

Оросын Холбооны Улс
Оросын Холбооны Улс#Mongolian

Russia (a country in Europe and Asia) (initialism of Оросын Холбооны Улс (Orosyn Xolboony Uls, “Russian Federation”))


ЗХУ

Зөвлөлт Холбоот Улс
Зөвлөлт Холбоот Улс#Mongolian

(historical) USSR (a former country in Europe and Asia) (initialism of Зөвлөлт Холбоот Улс (Zövlölt Xolboot Uls, “Soviet Union”))


head

Зөвлөлт Социалист Бүгд Найрамдах Холбоот Улс • (Zövlölt Socialist Bügd Najramdax Xolboot Uls)

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics#English

(historical) the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (a former country in Europe and Asia, existing from 1922 to 1991)

en-Зөвлөлт_Социалист_Бүгд_Найрамдах_Холбоот_Улс-mn-name-f2VR~bXy


жүдо

mn-noun

жүдо • (žüdo)

Borrowed from Japanese 柔道(じゅうどう) (jūdō, literally “the soft way”).


Варшав

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Варшав • (Varšav)

mn-proper noun

Варшав • (Varšav)

Varšav (romanization)
Варшав (attributive)
Варшав (indefinite nominative singular)
Варшавын (genitive indefinite singular)
Варшавыг (accusative indefinite singular)
Варшавт (dative indefinite locative singular)
Варшаваас (ablative indefinite singular)
Варшаваар (indefinite instrumental singular)
Варшавтай (comitative indefinite singular)
Варшавгүй (indefinite privative singular)
Варшав руу (directive indefinite singular)
Варшаваа (indefinite nominative singular)
Варшавынхаа (genitive indefinite singular)
Варшавыгаа (accusative indefinite singular)
Варшавтаа (dative indefinite locative singular)
Варшаваасаа (ablative indefinite singular)
Варшаваараа (indefinite instrumental singular)
Варшавтайгаа (comitative indefinite singular)
Варшавгүйгээ (indefinite privative singular)
Варшав руугаа (directive indefinite singular)

Borrowed from Russian Варша́ва (Varšáva), from Polish Warszawa.


ᠺᠠᠽᠠᠭᠰᠲᠠᠨ

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ᠺᠠᠽᠠᠭᠰᠲᠠᠨ • (kazaɣstan)

mn-prop

ᠺᠠᠽᠠᠭᠰᠲᠠᠨ • (kazaɣstan)

[kʰä.t͜sə̝q˖s.täˑɴ̟]

Borrowed from Russian Казахста́н (Kazaxstán).

bor+

ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ
ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ
ᠺᠠᠽᠠᠭᠰᠲᠠᠨ
ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ― bügüde nayiramdaqu kazaɣstan ulus ― the Republic of Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan (a country in Asia and Europe)


ᠫᠣᠯᠠᠨᠳ

Borrowed from English Poland, from German Polen n sg (“Poland”) and Polen m pl (“Poles”), from Old Polish Polanie m pl (“Poles”, literally “field dweller”), from Proto-Slavic *poľane m pl (“field dwellers”).