ab

Irish: abha, abhainn

Manx: awin

Scottish Gaelic: abhainn

From Old Irish aub, from Proto-Celtic *abū.


bot

Irish: bod

Manx: bwoid

Scottish Gaelic: bod

From Proto-Celtic *bozdos (“tail, penis”) (compare Welsh both (“hub, nave”), Breton bod (“bush, shrub; branch”)), from Proto-Indo-European *gwosdʰos (“piece of wood”), compare Proto-Slavic *gvozdь (“nail, tack, peg”).


for

Irish: ar (partially)

Manx: er (partially)

Scottish Gaelic: air (partially)

From Old Irish for, from Proto-Celtic *uɸer, from Proto-Indo-European *upér.

Boí rí amra for Laignib, .i. Mac Dathó a ainm.

c. 1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, in Ernst Windisch, editor, Irische Texte, volume 1, published 1800, section 1:

There was a wonderful king over the Leinstermen; Mac Dathó was his name.


tan

Irish: tan

From Old Irish tan, from Proto-Celtic *tanā (“(point in) time”), from Proto-Indo-European *tn̥néh₂, from *ten- (“to stretch”).


dia

head

dia (‘his’ and ‘its’ trigger lenition, ‘her’ triggers /h/-prothesis, ‘their’ triggers eclipsis)

Univerbation of di (“of/from”) + a (“his/her/its/their”)

univ

Ailbe ainm in chon, ocus lan hEriu dia aurdarcus.

Ailbe was the dog’s name, and Ireland was full of his fame.


lem

From Old Irish lem, from Proto-Celtic *limos (compare Welsh llwyf, from a variant *lēmos), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁élem (“mountain elm”); compare Latin ulmus.


lem

Irish: leamh

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃lemH- (“weak, broken, soft”).


sin

Is í sein int ṡeised bruiden ro·boi i n‑hErind in tan sin […]

That is one of the six halls that were in Ireland at that time […]


fri

desc

Irish: ré, re (“against, towards, with”)

⇒ Irish: fa ré, fara, frae (“along with, beside”)

Manx: rish

Scottish Gaelic: ri

From Old Irish fri, from Proto-Celtic *writ- (compare Welsh wrth, prefix gwrth-), from the zero grade of Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn”) (compare Latin versus (“against”)).

Ro·ferad failte friu uile, ocus ructha chuci-sium isin mbruidin.

They were all made welcome and brought to him in the hall.


tre

head

tre (with the accusative; triggers lenition)

desc

Irish: trí, tré, tré- (combining), fríd (Ulster), thrí (Galway), ⇒ fríd

Scottish Gaelic: tre

⇒ Manx: trooid

From Old Irish tre, from Proto-Celtic *trei (compare Welsh trwy), from Proto-Indo-European *terh₂- (“to pass through”); compare Sanskrit तिरस् (tiras), Latin trāns and Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷 (þairh).

der

Secht ndoruis isin bruidin ocus secht sligeda trethe ocus secht tellaige indi ocus secht cori.

c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 1, line 11:

[There were] seven doors in the hall, and seven passages through it, and seven hearths in it, and seven cauldrons.


co

head

co (takes the accusative; triggers h-prothesis before vowels)

Irish: chuig, chun, go

Scottish Gaelic: gu

From Old Irish co, from Proto-Celtic *kʷos.

Ro·ferad failte friu uile, ocus ructha chucisium isin mbruidin.


dam

daim (genitive)
dam
later /ɣ-/
later /ɣʲ-/
ndam

Irish: damh

Manx: dow

Scottish Gaelic: damh

Dam ocus tinne in cach coiri.

c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 2, line 12:

[There was] an ox and a side of bacon in each cauldron.


bus

Irish: pus

Scottish Gaelic: bus

From Proto-Celtic *bussus, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰew- (“to swell, bulge”).


es

Irish: eas


side

Irish: sí, síth

Manx: shee

Scottish Gaelic: sìth, sìdh

From Old Irish síd, from Proto-Celtic *sīdos (“mound (inhabited by fairies); peace”), from Proto-Indo-European *sēds, from *sed- (“to sit”).

áes side

people of the fairy mounds, supernatural beings, fairies


prep

Irish: preab


recht

Derivative of Old Irish recht (“law, lawfulness”)

law-abiding person, person of legal status


oca

third-person singular masculine dative of oc


peta

Irish: peata

Scottish Gaelic: peata

Either of Romance origin, cognate to French petit, or from a native word, *feta, *ṡetta.

pet (usually of a tame or domesticated animal)


diet

Borrowed from Medieval Latin diēta (“daily allowance, regulation, daily order”), from Ancient Greek δίαιτα (díaita).


solus

Irish: solas

Manx: sollys

Scottish Gaelic: solas


cul

head

cul (gender unknown, genitive unattested ?, no plural)

Mainly attested in glossaries. Maybe from Proto-Celtic *kʷolu- (“wheel”), derived from Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to turn”). Compare words derived from the same root: Latin colus (“distaff”), Ancient Greek πόλος (pólos, “axis”), Old Church Slavonic коло (kolo, “wheel”).

cog

a chariot, or some part of the chariot, most likely a wheel


mac

head

mac m (genitive mic, nominative plural mic)

Irish: mac

Manx: mac

Scottish Gaelic: mac

From Old Irish macc, from Primitive Irish ᚋᚐᚊᚊᚔ (maqqi, genitive), from Proto-Celtic *makkʷos, a variant of *makʷos (“son”), from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂ḱ- (“to raise, increase”).


mac

From Proto-Celtic *makkos. Cognate with Welsh mach.


fer

head

fer m (genitive fir, nominative plural fir)

fir (genitive)
fir (nominative plural)
fer
ḟer

Irish: fear

Manx: fer

Scottish Gaelic: fear

From Old Irish fer, from Primitive Irish *ᚃᚔᚏᚐᚄ (*viras), from Proto-Celtic *wiros, from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós.

In fer no·t⟨h⟩ēged iarsint ṡligi do·bered in n-aēl isin coiri, ocus a·taibred din chētgabāil, iss ed no·ithed.

c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 2, line 13:

Each man who came along the way would put the flesh-fork into the cauldron, and whatever he got at the first taking, it was that which he ate. (literally, “The man who…”)


seiche

Irish: seithe, seiche

From Proto-Celtic *sekess, from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”) (compare Icelandic sigg (“callus, hard skin”)).


cur

cur m (genitive curad, nominative plural curaid)

curad (genitive)
curaid (nominative plural)
cur
chur

Irish: curadh

From Old Irish caur, from Proto-Celtic *karuts.

Fo chích curad
 crechtaig, cathbuadaig, at comsa mac Findchoeme frim. […] Magen curad,
 cride n-ega, eithre n-ela,
 eirr trén tressa, trethan ágach,
 cain tarb tnúthach.

c. 1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, in Ernst Windisch, editor, Irische Texte, volume 1, published 1800, section 15:

Under the breast of the hero
 covered in wounds, victorious in battle, you are the son of Findchoem who is equal to me. […] Dwelling of a hero,
 heart of ice, plumage of a swan
 strong chariot-hero of battle, warlike sea,
 beautiful fierce bull.


gall

gall m (genitive gaill, nominative plural gaill)

gaill (genitive)
gaill (nominative plural)
gall
ngall

Irish: gall

Manx: goal

Scottish Gaelic: gall


dolus

Irish: dolas

do- + lés (compare solus, from Old Irish solus).


cana

Scottish Gaelic: cana

Irish: cana

From Proto-Celtic *kanawū (compare Welsh cenau).


aile

Irish: eile

Manx: elley

Scottish Gaelic: eile

From Old Irish aile, from Proto-Celtic *alyos (“other, second”).

Mani·tucad immurgu ní din chéttadall ni·bered a n-aill.

c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 2, line 15:

If, however, he did not take anything at (literally “from”) his first thrust, he did not bring the second.


ciúnas

Irish: ciúnas

Manx: kiunys

Scottish Gaelic: ciùineas


scam

Attested only in the plural form scaim. From Proto-Celtic *skamos. Cognate with Welsh ysgafn ("light") and Welsh ysgyfaint ("(pair of) lungs"), Breton skañv, Cornish skav.


carat

genitive singular/plural of cara (“friend; relative”)


clann

Irish: clann

Manx: cloan

desctree

Scottish Gaelic: clann
→ English: clan (see there for further descendants)

From Old Irish cland, from Old Welsh plant, from Latin planta.


boga

Irish: bogha

Manx: bow

Scottish Gaelic: bogha


urlár

Irish: urlár

Scottish Gaelic: ùrlar


lán

Irish: lán

Manx: lane

Scottish Gaelic: làn

From Old Irish lán, from Proto-Celtic *ɸlānos, from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós.

Ailbe ainm in chon, ocus lan Heriu dia aurdarcus.

Ailbe was the name of the dog, and Ireland was full of his fame.


fuil

Irish: fuil

Manx: fuill

Scottish Gaelic: fuil

From Old Irish fuil, from Proto-Celtic *wolis, from Proto-Indo-European *welh₃-.


Ulaid

Irish: Ulaidh

Manx: Ullee

Scottish Gaelic: Ulaidh

From Old Irish Ulaid, probably identical to Ancient Greek Ούολουντιοι (Oúolountioi), Ούλουτοι (Oúloutoi), mentioned by Ptolemy. Probably ultimately from ul (“beard”). More at Ulaid.

(plural only) Ulster (a province of Ireland)


ainm

Irish: ainm

Manx: ennym

Scottish Gaelic: ainm

From Old Irish ainmm, from Primitive Irish ᚐᚅᚋ (anm), from Proto-Celtic *anman, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥ (“name”).

There was a wonderful king over Leinster; Mac Dathó was his name.


matad

Irish: madadh

Manx: moddey

Scottish Gaelic: madadh

From a variant form of Old Irish madrad.


corrach

From corr (“sharp, protruding point”) + -ach.

rough, uneven (of places, mountains, roads, etc.)

moving, rough, restless (of water, particularly the sea)


calma

Irish: calma

Scottish Gaelic: calma


mic

inflection of mac (“son”):
vocative/genitive singular

inflection of mac (“son”):
nominative plural


núa

Irish: nua

Manx: noa

Scottish Gaelic: nuadh

From Old Irish nuae, from Proto-Celtic *nouyos (compare Welsh newydd, Breton nevez), from Proto-Indo-European *néwos.


cara

Irish: cara

Scottish Gaelic: caraid

Manx: carrey

From Old Irish carae, from Proto-Celtic *karants (“friend”), from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ros (“dear”) (compare Latin cārus, English charity, whore).

coscc carat


aite

head

aite m (genitive aiti, nominative plural aiti)

aiti (genitive)
aiti (nominative plural)
aite (nominative singular)
aite (dual nominative)
aiti (nominative plural)
aiti (singular vocative)
aite (dual vocative)
aitiu (plural vocative)
aite (accusative singular)
aite (accusative dual)
aitiu (accusative plural)
aiti (genitive singular)
aite (dual genitive)
aite (genitive plural)
aitiu (dative singular)
aitib (dative dual)
aitib (dative plural)
aite
n-aite

Irish: oide

Manx: gedjey

Scottish Gaelic: oide

From Old Irish aite, from Proto-Celtic *attyos, related to Welsh tâd, Breton tat. From Proto-Indo-European *átta (“father”), ultimately a nursery word. The d in Modern Irish oide may be due to the influence of English daddy.

onomatopoeic

nursery word


Albanach

Irish: Albanach

Manx: Albinagh

Scottish Gaelic: Albannach


rí

head

rí m (genitive ríg, nominative plural ríg)

Irish: rí

Manx: ree

Scottish Gaelic: rìgh

From Old Irish rí, from Proto-Celtic *rīxs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs (“ruler, king”), which is derived from *h₃reǵ-.


Dagda

From Old Irish Dagdae, from Proto-Celtic *Dago-deiwos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰegʷʰ- (“to burn; hot”) + *deywós (“divinity”).

inh

(Irish mythology) An important god in Irish mythology.


bui

third-person singular preterite absolute/conjunct of at·tá


dana

I n‑oen uair dana tancatar ocus techta Conchobair mic Nessa do chungid in chon chetna.

At the same time, then, messengers came also from Conchobar Mac Nessa to ask for the same dog.

used to indicate that a clause contains an inference from what goes before: then, therefore


ó

From Old Irish áu, from Proto-Celtic *ausos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ṓws; cognate with English ear and Latin auris.

some part of a shield, possibly a spike or boss

some part of a chessboard, possibly rings or handles for lifting

some part of a pitcher or vessel for liquor, possibly a curved, earlike handle


ó

Irish: ó

Scottish Gaelic: o, bho

Manx: veih, voish

Tancas o Ailill ocus o Meidb do chungid in chon.

People came from Ailill and from Medb to ask for the dog.


rós

Irish: rós

Scottish Gaelic: ròs

sug in rois doní ruamna


duine

head

duine m (genitive duini, nominative plural doíni)

duini (genitive)
doíni (nominative plural)
duine
later /ɣ-/
later /ɣʲ-/
nduine

Irish: duine

Manx: dooinney

Scottish Gaelic: duine

From Old Irish duine, from Proto-Celtic *gdonyos (“human, person”).


fis

Irish: fios

Manx: fys

Scottish Gaelic: fios

From Old Irish fius, from Proto-Celtic *wissus, from Proto-Indo-European *wéydtus, a derivation of *weyd- (“know, see”).


sonus

Irish: sonas

Manx: sonnys

Scottish Gaelic: sonas

From sona (“prosperous, fortunate, lucky”) + -us.


mucca

nominative/vocative/accusative plural of mucc


cú

head

cú m (genitive con, nominative plural coin)

con (genitive)
coin (nominative plural)
cú
chú

Irish: cú

Manx: coo

Scottish Gaelic: cù

From Old Irish cú, from Primitive Irish ᚉᚒᚅᚐ (cuna, genitive), from Proto-Celtic *kū (compare Welsh ci), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ.

Bui cu oca, no ditned in cu Lagniu uile. Ailbe ainm in chon, ocus lan hEriu dia aurdarcus.

He had a dog; the dog protected all Leinster. Ailbhe was the name of the dog, and all Ireland was full of his fame.


fáilte

Irish: fáilte

Manx: failt

Scottish Gaelic: fàilte

/ˈɸaːl͈ʲtʲə/

From Old Irish fáilte, from Proto-Celtic *wāletiyā.


dorus

dorus m (genitive doruis, nominative plural doruis)

doruis (genitive)
doruis (nominative plural)
dorus
later /ɣ-/
later /ɣʲ-/
ndorus

Irish: doras

Manx: dorrys

Scottish Gaelic: dorus, doras

From Old Irish dorus, from Proto-Celtic *dworestus, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwer- (“gate, door”).


ád

Irish: ádh


ní

Irish: ní

From Old Irish ní, from Proto-Celtic *nīs (compare Welsh ni), from Proto-Indo-European *ne h₁ésti (“is not”) (compare Sanskrit न (na), Latin ne, Gothic 𐌽𐌹 (ni)).


ceithern

Irish: ceithearn

Manx: kern

Scottish Gaelic: ceatharn, ceatharna

→ Middle English: kerne

English: kern

From Old Irish ceithern (“band of soldiers”), borrowed from Latin quaterniō (“group of four soldiers”).

A band or troop of soldiers or fighting men, kern

ceithearnach

ceithernach (“member or leader of a ceithern”)


abaid

Irish: aibí, abaidh

Scottish Gaelic: abaich

From Old Irish apaig, from ad- + bongaid (“to reap, pluck”).


oc

Irish: ag

Manx: ec

Scottish Gaelic: aig

From Old Irish oc, from Proto-Celtic *onkos (“near”). Compare Middle Irish ocus.

Bui cu oca, no ditned in cu Lagniu uile.

He had a dog; the dog protected all Leinster.

at, beside, by (also used with a form of the substantive verb at·tá to express “have”)


persa

Irish: pearsa

Scottish Gaelic: pearsa

From Old Irish persan, from Latin persōna.


Eithne

Irish: Eithne

Scottish Gaelic: Eithne

The name is from eithne (“grain, kernel”).


-ach

Irish: -ach

Manx: -agh

Scottish Gaelic: -ach

From Old Irish -ach, from Proto-Celtic *-ākos, from Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂kos, *-eh₂ḱos, from a-stem suffix *-eh₂- + adjectival suffix *-kos, *-ḱos. Doublet of -óc.

Forms adjectives meaning "related to, having, characterised by, prone to".

Forms nouns meaning "person or thing connected or involved with, belonging to, having".


doeth

passive singular preterite deuterotonic of do·tét


coire

head

coire m (genitive coiri, nominative plural coiri)

coiri (genitive)
coiri (nominative plural)
coire
choire

Irish: coire

Manx: coirrey

Scottish Gaelic: coire

From Old Irish coire, caire; from Proto-Celtic *kʷaryos.

Secht ndoruis isin bruidin ocus secht sligeda trethe ocus secht tellaige indi ocus secht cori. Dam ocus tinne in cach coiri. In fer no·t⟨h⟩ēged iarsint ṡligi do·bered in n-aēl isin coiri, ocus a·taibred din chētgabāil iss ed no·ithed.

c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 2, lines 12–13:

[There were] seven doors in the hall, and seven passages through it, and seven hearths in it, and seven cauldrons. [There was] an ox and a side of bacon in each cauldron. Every man who came along the passage used to put the flesh-fork into the cauldron, and whatever he brought out at the first taking, that was what he ate.


duille

Irish: duille

Manx: duilley

Scottish Gaelic: duille

From Old Irish duilne, from Proto-Celtic *dolinyā, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰelh₁- (“to bloom”). Cognate with Welsh dail and Breton delienn, which are from a variant Proto-Celtic form *dolyā, and more distantly with Ancient Greek θάλλω (thállō, “to bloom”).

cog

something resembling a leaf, especially a leaf of a book


cliathaire

/ˈkʲlʲiə̯θərʲə/

/ˈkʲlʲiə̯hərʲə/

a sept of some kind (precise is meaning is unclear)


slige

head

slige f (genitive sliged or slige, nominative plural sligeda)

sliged (genitive)
slige (genitive)
sligeda (nominative plural)
slige
ṡlige

Irish: slí

Scottish Gaelic: slighe

From Old Irish slige, verbal noun of sligid (“to strike down, fell”), from Proto-Indo-European *sleyǵ- (“to smear; to creep”).

der

Secht ndoruis isin bruidin ocus secht sligeda trethe ocus secht tellaige indi ocus secht cori. […] In fer no·t⟨h⟩ēged iarsint ṡligi do·bered in n-aēl isin coiri, ocus a·taibred din chētgabāil, iss ed no·ithed.

c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 1, lines 11, 13:

[There were] seven doors in the hall, and seven passages through it, and seven hearths in it, and seven cauldrons. […] Each man who came along the passage would put the flesh-fork into the cauldron, and whatever he got at the first taking, it was that which he ate.


fonn

Irish: fonn

desire, fondness, pleasure (in something)


fonn

Irish: fonn

Scottish Gaelic: fonn


no-

From Old Irish no-, from Proto-Indo-European *nū, cognate with Sanskrit नु (nu, “now”) and Hittite 𒉡 (nu, “now, and”).

Used to support prototonic verb forms where no deuterotonic forms exist (imperfect, past subjunctive, conditional) and to support infixed object pronouns, including the relative pronoun that has no form except for a mutation on the following consonant


isin

in the (accusative masculine/feminine singular)


nó

Irish: nae

From Old Irish nau, from Proto-Celtic *nāwā, from Proto-Indo-European *néh₂us.


dúr

head

dúr (comparative dúru, superlative duirem)

Irish: dúr

Scottish Gaelic: dùr

→ Scots: dour
→ English: dour


cín

cín f (genitive cíne, nominative plural cína)

cíne (genitive)
cína (nominative plural)
cín
chín

⇒ Irish: cín lae


maide

Irish: maide

Manx: maidjey

Scottish Gaelic: maide

From Proto-Celtic *mazdyo- (“stick”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *masdo-, see also Proto-Germanic *mastaz, Latin malus (“pole”), or possibly instead borrowed from a pre-Indo-European substrate.


cuing

Irish: cuing

Manx: quing

Scottish Gaelic: cuing

From Proto-Celtic *kom-yungis, from Proto-Indo-European *yung-, zero grade present stem of *yewg-.


láp

Irish: láib


fés

Irish: féas (“coarse hair, beard”)

No exact Celtic cognates, but seemingly related to find (“head hair”), which is hypothetically from Proto-Celtic *wendom (“(single) hair”); thus, from Proto-Celtic *wenso-, from Proto-Indo-European *wendʰ-so- (“~facial hair”), from the root *wendʰ-, and distantly cognate with Old Prussian wanso (“first beard”), Proto-Slavic *ǫsъ (“moustache”), Ancient Greek ἴονθος (íonthos, “downy hair, first beard; root of hair; eruption on the face, acne”) (if earlier *ϝί-ϝονθος (*wí-wonthos)), and the first element of Old High German wint-brāwa, Middle Dutch wint-brauwe (“eyelash”) (Proto-West Germanic *windabrāwu).

cog

Metrical Dindshechas iii 50.38


amra

Irish: amhra

Boí rí amra for Laignib, .i. Mac Dathó a ainm.


gerb

Irish: gearb


pían

Irish: pian

Scottish Gaelic: pian

From Old Irish pén, from Latin poena (“punishment, pain”), from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty”).


cía

Irish: cé

Scottish Gaelic: cò

Manx: quoi

From Old Irish cía, from Proto-Celtic *kʷei (compare Welsh pwy), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷis.

Tabair dóibsium dib línaib, cumma cía thóetsat imbi.

c. 1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, in Ernst Windisch, editor, Irische Texte, volume 1, published 1800, section 3:

Give it to them both, it doesn’t matter who will fall because of it.


frac

From Proto-Celtic *wrakkā, probably related to *grúac (“hair”); for similar sense development, see Scottish Gaelic gruagach (“maiden, woman”), which evolved from gruag, as unmarried women did not cover their hair.
Compare Welsh gwraig and Breton gwreg.


blas

Irish: blas

Manx: blass

Scottish Gaelic: blas

From Old Irish mlas, from Proto-Celtic *mlasto-, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *mel-s- (compare Russian молса́ть (molsátʹ, “to suck”)).


uile

Irish: uile

Scottish Gaelic: uile

Manx: ooilley

From Old Irish uile, from Proto-Celtic *olyos (“all, whole, every”) (compare Welsh oll, Gaulish ollon), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂olyos (compare Gothic 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐍃 (alls, “all, whole”), Old Armenian ողջ (ołǰ)).

inh

He had a dog; the dog protected all Leinster


grís

Irish: gríos

Manx: grees

Scottish Gaelic: grìos

Same source as grían (“sun”). Matasović specifically reconstructs Old Irish *gʷrīnsos for this term, deriving it from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“warm, hot”).

der

(figuratively) glow, ardour, valour, passion


seised

Alternative spelling of seissed (“sixth”)


seise

Irish: seise

Manx: sheshey

Scottish Gaelic: seis


beirid

head

beirid (conjunct beir, verbal noun breth)

beir (conjunct)
breth (noun-from-verb)
beirid
mbeirid

Irish: beir

Manx: behr

Scottish Gaelic: beir

From Old Irish beirid, from Proto-Celtic *bereti, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-. See Old Irish ro·uic for the etymology of the suppletive perfective forms.

Ro·ferad failte friu uile, ocus ructha chuci-sium isin mbruidin.

They were all made welcome and brought to him in the hall.


gelach

Irish: gealach

Manx: giallagh

Scottish Gaelic: gealach

From gel (“fair, white, bright, shining”) + -ach.


ocus

Irish: agus

Manx: as

Scottish Gaelic: agus

From Old Irish ocus, see there for more.


rétlu

Irish: réalta

Manx: rolt, rollage, roltag, rolteen

Scottish Gaelic: reul


ecla

Irish: eagla

Manx: aggle

Scottish Gaelic: eagal

From Old Irish eclae, from ess- + gal (“valor”). By surface analysis, ecal + -e.


mucc

head

mucc f (genitive muicce, nominative plural mucca)

muicce (genitive)
mucca (nominative plural)
mucc

Irish: muc

Manx: muc

Scottish Gaelic: muc

From Old Irish mucc, from Proto-Celtic *mokkus.

Marbthair dóib dana in mucc Mic Dathó. Tri fichit gamnach co a biathad saide co cend secht m-bliadan. Tri neim imorro no bíata, co ro lathea ár fer n-hErenn impi. Tucad dóib iarum in mucc ocus xl dam dia tarsnu cen motha in biad ar chena. Mac Dathó fessin icond ḟerdaigsecht. “Mo chen duib,” ar se, “ni dabar samail rissin ataat aige ocus mucca la Laigniu. Atesta desin mairfider dúib imbárach.” “Is maith in mucc,” ar Conchobar. “Is maith imorro”, ar Ailill. “Cinnas rainnfither in mucc a Chonchobair?” ar Ailill.

c. 1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, in Ernst Windisch, editor, Irische Texte, volume 1, published 1800, sections 5–6:

Now Mac Dathó’s pig was slaughtered for them. For seven years sixty milch cows supplied its food. On poison however it had been nourished and the massacre of the men of Erin took place through it. Now the pig was brought to them, and forty oxen as a relish, and other food as well. Mac Dathó himself was acting as steward. “Welcome to you,” said he; “the equal to this cannot be found. Bullocks and pigs are not lacking in Leinster. Whatever is lacking now will be slaughtered for you tomorrow.” “The pig is good,” said Conchobar. “It is indeed good,” said Ailill. “How shall the pig be divided, Conchobar?” (source of translation)


cáel

Irish: caol

Manx: keyl

Scottish Gaelic: caol
→ English: kyle

From Old Irish coíl, from Proto-Celtic *koilos (“thin”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *koyHlo- (Latvian kails (“bare, naked”)). Compare Cornish and Welsh cul.


cáel

Irish: caol

Scottish Gaelic: caol


cóiced

Irish: cúigiú

Manx: queiggoo

Scottish Gaelic: còigeamh

From Old Irish cóiced, from Proto-Celtic *kʷenkʷetos.

Is ⟨s⟩í sin in chōiced bruden ro·boī i nHērinn isind aimsir sin, ocus bruden Da-Derg i crích Cūalann ocus bruden Ḟorgaill Manaich ocus bruden Me[i]c Da-Rēo i mBrēfni ocus bruden Da-Choca i n‑īarthur Midi.

c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 1, line 7:

That is one of the five halls that were (lit. “That is the fifth hall that was”) in Ireland at that time, [the others being] also the hall of Da-Derg in the territory of Cúalu, and the hall of Forgall Manach, and the hall of Mac Dareo in Bréifne, and the hall of Da-Choca in the west of Meath.


gilla

Irish: giolla

Manx: guilley

Scottish Gaelic: gille

Uncertain. According to Zimmer, a North Germanic borrowing, from Old Norse gildr (“brawny, stout, of full value”), related to English guild, used in names of Norsemen converted to Christianity instead of maol (“slave”). However, compare English child.

der

Dauid in gille dáne

youth (young man) (of an age to bear arms)


femm

Irish: feam

Related somehow to femain, femmain (“(edible) seaweed”), from Proto-Celtic *wimmonā.


cích

Irish: cíoch

Manx: keeagh

Scottish Gaelic: cìoch

From Old Irish cích, from Proto-Celtic *kīkos (compare Welsh cig (“meat”)).


cúan

Irish: cuan

Manx: keayn

Scottish Gaelic: cuan

From Proto-Celtic *kawnos, from Proto-Indo-European *kapnós, from *keh₂p- (“to grasp”).


bás

Irish: bás

Manx: baase

Scottish Gaelic: bàs

From Old Irish bás, from Proto-Celtic *bāstom, bāssom, from either Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₂- (“to go”) or *(s)gʷes- (“to extinguish”).


saírse

Irish: saoirse

Manx: seyrsnys

Scottish Gaelic: saorsa

From Old Irish soíre, from sóer, modified to match with Etymology 1.


oisín

From oss (“deer”) + -án (diminutive suffix).


sceng

Probably a variant of or back-formation from scing (“covering, garment”), from Old Norse skinn.


lenbán

head

lenbán m (genitive lenbáin, nominative plural lenbáin)

lenbáin (genitive)
lenbáin (nominative plural)

Irish: leanbán

Scottish Gaelic: leanaban


glasrad

Irish: glasra

Manx: glassrey

Scottish Gaelic: glasradh


-lann

Irish: -lann

Manx: -lan

Scottish Gaelic: -lann


reód

Irish: reo

Manx: rio

Scottish Gaelic: reòth

From Old Irish réud, from Proto-Celtic *ɸreswos, from Proto-Indo-European *prews-. Cognate with English freeze and Latin pruina (“hoar-frost”).


bruiden

Irish: bruíon

Said to be from the root of bruidheann (“quarrel, conversation”), because the hostel looked like the mouth of a man quarreling; however, it could instead be from bruthen (“broth”), a borrowing from Old English bryþen.

Ro·ferad failte friu uile, ocus ructha chucisium isin mbruidin. Is í sein int ṡeised bruiden ro·boi i nHerind in tan sin: i. bruden Daderga i crich Cualand, ocus bruden Ḟorgaill Manaich, ocus bruden Mic Dareo i mBrefni, ocus bruden Dachoca i n‑iarthor Mide ocus bruden Blai briuga i nUltaib. Secht ndoruis isin bruidin ocus secht sligeda tréthi […]

They were all made welcome and brought to him in the hall. That is one of the six halls that were in Ireland at that time: the hall of Daderga in the area of Cualu, and the hall of Forgall Manach, and the hall of Mac Dareo in Brefne, and the hall of Dachoca in the west of Meath, and the hall of Blai the landowner in Ulster. Seven doors in the hall and seven passages through it […]


Colmán

Irish: Colmán
→ English: Colman

→ Old Norse: Kalman
Icelandic: Kalman

From Old Irish columb (“dove”) + -án (diminutive).


blasta

Irish: blasta

Manx: blasstal

Scottish Gaelic: blasta, blasda


nem-

Irish: neamh-

Manx: neu-

Scottish Gaelic: neo-


ceól

Irish: ceol

Manx: kiaull

Scottish Gaelic: ceòl


secht

Irish: seacht

Manx: shiaght

Scottish Gaelic: seachd

From Old Irish secht, from Proto-Celtic *sextam, from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥.

Secht ndoruis isin bruidin ocus secht sligeda trethe ocus secht tellaige indi ocus secht cori.

c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 1, lines 10–12:

[There are] seven doors in the hall and seven paths through it and seven hearths and seven cauldrons.


bachlach

Irish: bathlach

Scottish Gaelic: balach


clíabán

Irish: cliabhán

Manx: clean

From Old Irish cliab, from Proto-Celtic *kleibo-, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱley- (“to lean”).


occoras

Irish: ocras

Manx: accrys

Scottish Gaelic: acras


collaide

Irish: collaí

Scottish Gaelic: collaidh

From Old Irish colnide. By surface analysis, colainn + -ide.


-án

Irish: -án


cloc

Irish: clog

Manx: clag

Scottish Gaelic: clag

From Old Irish cloc, from Proto-Celtic *klokkos (“bell”).


faílenn

Irish: faoileán, faoileog

Manx: foillan, foilleig, fooilleig

Scottish Gaelic: faoileann, faoileag

From Old Irish foílenn, from Proto-Celtic *wailannā (“seagull”). Cognate with Cornish guilan, Welsh gwylan, Breton gouelan.


gáel

head

gáel m (genitive gaíl, nominative plural gáelta)

gaíl (genitive)
gáelta (nominative plural)
gáel
ngáel

Irish: gaol

Scottish Gaelic: gaol

From Proto-Celtic *gailos (compare Lithuanian gailùs (“compassionate”), Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gailjan, “gladden”), German geil (“wanton”)).


deog

dige (genitive)
deog
later /ɣ-/
later /ɣʲ-/
ndeog

Irish: deoch

Manx: jough

Scottish Gaelic: deoch

From Old Irish deug. If related to Welsh diod (“drink”), from Proto-Celtic *dī-āti-s, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁(y)- (“to suck”). Possibly also cognate with Latvian dažyti (“to paint, dye”).


rígan

Irish: ríon, banríon

Manx: rein, benrein

desc

Scottish Gaelic: rìghinn, banrìghinn, rìbhinn

From Old Irish rígain, from Proto-Celtic *rīganī.


fola

Irish: fala

Apparently a specialized form of Old Irish folud (“goods and services owed in virtue of a contract”), from Proto-Celtic *uɸolautom (“wealth, riches, property”).


fola

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


semar

Irish: seamair

Scottish Gaelic: saimir

According to Watkins, probably of non-Indo-European substrate origin, but compare the cognates listed at Icelandic smæra (“soursop”).


ammatán

Irish: amadán

Manx: ommidan

Scottish Gaelic: amadan


bennacht

head

bennacht f (genitive bennachta or bennachtan, nominative plural bennachta or bennachtain)

bennachta (genitive)
bennachtan (genitive)
bennachta (nominative plural)
bennachtain (nominative plural)
bennacht
mbennacht

Irish: beannacht

Manx: bannaght

Scottish Gaelic: beannachd

→ Old Norse: bjannak

From Old Irish bendacht, from Latin benedictiō.


gabor

(poetic) horse, mare (especially a white one)


Bretnach

Irish: Breatnach

Manx: Bretnagh

Scottish Gaelic: Breatannach


Bretnach

Irish: Breatnach

Manx: Bretnagh

Scottish Gaelic: Breatannach


dorchatas

dorchatais (genitive)
dorchatas
later /ɣ-/
later /ɣʲ-/
ndorchatas

Irish: dorchadas

Scottish Gaelic: dorchadas


tech midchuarta

Irish: teach míochuarta


tech n-óil

Irish: teach óil


láitir

Middle Irish: láitir

Irish: láidir

Manx: lajer

Scottish Gaelic: làidir

/ˈl͈aːdʲərʲ/


Saxanach

Irish: Sasanach, Sacsanach

Manx: Sostynagh, Sostnagh

desctree

Scottish Gaelic: Sasannach, Sasgunnach
→ English: sassenach, Sassenach, sasanach
→ Scots: sassenach, sassanoch, sassenagh, sasennach, sasunnach


Ériu

Irish: Éire

Manx: Nerin

Scottish Gaelic: Èirinn

Ailbe was the dog’s name, and Ireland was full of his fame.

Is í sein int ṡeised bruiden ro·boi i n‑Herind in tan sin […]

That is one of the six halls that were in Ireland at that time […]


filidecht

Irish: filíocht

Manx: feeleeaght

Scottish Gaelic: filidheachd

/ˈɸʲilʲəðʲəxt/

From Old Irish filedacht. By surface analysis, fili + -acht.


fáelchú

Irish: faolchú


fáel

Irish: faol

Scottish Gaelic: faol

From Proto-Celtic *wailos, from Proto-Indo-European *waylos. Possibly cognate with Old Armenian գայլ (gayl).


gadar

Irish: gadhar

Scottish Gaelic: gadhar

From Old Irish gagar, in turn borrowed from Old Norse gagarr.


madrad

Irish: madra


cú allaid

head

cú allaid m (genitive con allaidh, nominative plural coin allaidh)

con allaidh (genitive)
coin allaidh (nominative plural)

Irish: cú allaidh

/kuː ˈal͈əðʲ/

/kuː ˈal͈əɣʲ/


sídach

Scottish Gaelic: sidheach


aimser

aimser f (genitive aimsire, nominative plural aimsera)

aimsire (genitive)
aimsera (nominative plural)
aimser
n-aimser

Irish: aimsir

Manx: emshir

Scottish Gaelic: aimsir

From Old Irish aimser, from Proto-Celtic *amsterā (“time, moment”) (compare Middle Welsh amser), possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂mh₁-eh₂, from the root *h₂meh₁- (“to mow, reap, harvest”). Stifter suggests derivation from Proto-Celtic *ammansterā or *ammanstero, related to Old Irish amm (“time”), derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂etmn̥ (“wandering”), from the root *h₂et- (“to go”), thus cognate with Latin annus (“year”) and Gothic *𐌰𐌸𐌽 (*aþn) or *𐌰𐌸𐌽𐍃 (*aþns, “year”) (attested in 𐌰𐍄𐌰𐌸𐌽𐌹 (ataþni, “year”)).

c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 1, line 8:


úar

Irish: uair

Manx: oor

Scottish Gaelic: uair

From Old Irish úar, from Latin hōra (“hour”), from Ancient Greek ὥρα (hṓra, “time, season, year”), derived from Proto-Indo-European *yóh₁r̥ (“year, season”).


Espáinech

Irish: Spáinneach

Manx: Spaainagh

Scottish Gaelic: Spàinneach


brocc

Irish: broc

Manx: brock

Scottish Gaelic: broc

From Primitive Irish ᚁᚏᚑᚉᚔ (broci), from Proto-Celtic *brokkos (“badger”) (compare Welsh broch).


Espáin

Irish: An Spáinn

Manx: Yn Spaainey

Scottish Gaelic: An Spàinn

From Old French Espaigne, from Latin Hispānia.


gerr

Irish: gearr

Manx: giare

Scottish Gaelic: geàrr

From Old Irish gerr, from Proto-Celtic *gerros, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- (“short”); related to Sanskrit ह्रस्व (hrasva), Avestan 𐬰𐬭𐬀𐬵𐬈𐬵𐬍 (zrahehī).


mathgamain

head

mathgamain m (genitive mathgaman, nominative plural mathgamna)

mathgaman (genitive)
mathgamna (nominative plural)
mathgamain

Irish: mathúin

Manx: maghouin

Scottish Gaelic: mathan

/ˈmaθɣəβ̃ənʲ/

/ˈmahɣəβ̃ənʲ/

From Old Irish math (“bear”) + gamuin (“calf”).


forrúad

/ˈɸor͈uːa̯ð/

/ˈɸor͈uːa̯ɣ/


tigernas

Irish: tiarnas

Scottish Gaelic: tighearnas


túathach

sga-decl-adj-table

*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative
**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

túathach (masculine nominative singular)
túathach (feminine nominative singular)
túathach (neuter nominative singular)
túathaig (masculine singular vocative)
túathach (masculine singular vocative)
túathach (feminine singular vocative)
túathach (neuter singular vocative)
túathach (accusative masculine singular)
túathaig (accusative feminine singular)
túathach (accusative neuter singular)
túathaig (genitive masculine singular)
túathaige (feminine genitive singular)
túathaig (genitive neuter singular)
túathach (dative masculine singular)
túathaig (dative feminine singular)
túathach (dative neuter singular)
túathaig (masculine nominative plural)
túathacha (feminine neuter nominative plural)
túathachu (masculine plural vocative)
túathacha (masculine plural vocative)
túathacha (feminine neuter plural vocative)
túathachu (accusative masculine plural)
túathacha (accusative masculine plural)
túathacha (accusative feminine neuter plural)
túathach (genitive plural)
túathachaib (dative plural)


túathach

túathach (masculine nominative singular stem)
túathach (dual masculine nominative stem)
túathaig (masculine nominative plural stem)
túathaig (masculine singular stem vocative)
túathach (dual masculine stem vocative)
túathachu (masculine plural stem vocative)
túathach (accusative masculine singular stem)
túathach (accusative dual masculine stem)
túathachu (accusative masculine plural stem)
túathaig (genitive masculine singular stem)
túathach (dual genitive masculine stem)
túathach (genitive masculine plural stem)
túathach (dative masculine singular stem)
túathachaib (dative dual masculine stem)
túathachaib (dative masculine plural stem)
túathach
thúathach

Irish: tuathach


úachtarán

Irish: uachtarán

Manx: eaghtyrane

Scottish Gaelic: uachdaran


ilar

head

ilar m (genitive ilair, nominative plural ilair)

ilair (genitive)
ilair (nominative plural)
ilar
n-ilar

Irish: iolar

Scottish Gaelic: iolair

From Old Irish *irar (compare Welsh eryr, Breton erer), from Proto-Celtic *eriros, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃érō (“large bird”).


brécaire

Irish: bréagaire

Manx: breagerey

Scottish Gaelic: breugaire

From bréc (“falsehood, lie; deception”) + -aire (agent noun suffix).


ógán

Irish: ógánach

Manx: aegan

Scottish Gaelic: ògan, òganach


ócán

head

ócán m (genitive ógáin, nominative plural ógáin)

ógáin (genitive)
ógáin (nominative plural)

Manx: aegan

Scottish Gaelic: ògan


Aengus

Irish: Aonghas

Manx: Anghus

Scottish Gaelic: Aonghas, Aonghus

From Old Irish Oíngus, from oín (“one”), from Proto-Celtic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“single, one”). The etymology of the second element is disputed; most likely it is gus (“strength, vigour”), from Proto-Celtic *gustu-, or it may be from Proto-Celtic *gus- (“choose”).

inh

Túatha Dé Danann
Túatha Dé Danann#Old_Irish

(Irish mythology) The Gaelic god of love, youth, and poetic inspiration, son of the Dagdae and Boann of the Túatha Dé Danann.

a male given name, corresponding to Angus


amrán

Irish: amhrán

Manx: arrane

Scottish Gaelic: òran, amhran

amar (“singing, wailing, moaning”) + -án


muide

a vessel for holding liquids, especially milk


áillecán

Irish: áilleagán

Scottish Gaelic: àilleagan

/ˈaːl͈ʲəɡaːn/

From áille (“beauty”) + -ecán (diminutive suffix).


cáelach

Irish: caolach


casán

Irish: cosán

Manx: cassan

Scottish Gaelic: casan


gér

Irish: géar

Manx: gear, geayr, geyre

Scottish Gaelic: geur


bechlann

Irish: beachlann


lennán

Irish: leannán

Manx: lhiannan

Scottish Gaelic: leannan

From lenn + -án; the first element could be related to Old Irish laigid (“to lie down”).


lennánacht

Scottish Gaelic: leannanachd

From lennán (“lover, sweetheart”) + -acht.


cairde

nominative/vocative/accusative/genitive plural of cara


aill

neuter nominative/accusative singular of aile


bered

third-person singular imperfect indicative

inflection of beirid:
third-person singular imperative


grúac

Irish: gruaig

Manx: gruag

Scottish Gaelic: gruag

→ Faroese: grúkur

From Proto-Celtic *grunkā, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to twist, bend”), the source of Proto-Germanic *krumpaz (“crooked”).


fésócach

Irish: féasógach

Manx: faasaagagh

Scottish Gaelic: feusagach


fésóc

head

fésóc f (genitive fésóice, nominative plural fésóca)

fésóice (genitive)
fésóca (nominative plural)
fésóc
ḟésóc

Irish: féasóg

Manx: faasaag

Scottish Gaelic: feusag

From fés (“lip; body hair”) + -óc (diminutive suffix).


pipur

Irish: piobar

Manx: pibbyr

Scottish Gaelic: peabar, piobar

Borrowed from Latin piper, from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi, “pepper”).


úag

Irish: uaigh

Manx: oaie, oaye

Scottish Gaelic: uaigh


cellach

Scottish Gaelic: ceallach

From Proto-Celtic *kellāko- (“war, fight”), from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to break, beat, strike”).


derc

Irish: dearc, dearca, deirc

Scottish Gaelic: dearc

From Old Irish derc, from Proto-Celtic *derkom, from Proto-Indo-European *derḱ- (“to see”).


nóedenán

head

nóedenán m (genitive nóedenáin, nominative plural nóedenáin)

nóedenáin (genitive)
nóedenáin (nominative plural)

Irish: naíonán

/ˈn͈ɤːðʲənaːn/

/ˈn͈ɯːɣʲənaːn/


scréchach

Irish: scréachach

Scottish Gaelic: sgreuchach

Manx: screeaghagh


amaidecht

amaidecht f (genitive aimidechta, nominative plural amaidechtai)

aimidechta (genitive)
amaidechtai (nominative plural)
aimitecht
n-aimitecht

Irish: amaideacht

Scottish Gaelic: amaideachd


noídenda

Irish: naíonda

Scottish Gaelic: naoidheanta

/ˈn͈ɤːðʲən͈də/

/ˈn͈ɯːɣʲən͈də/


bláthmar

Irish: bláfar


nóin

Irish: nóin

Scottish Gaelic: nòin

Borrowed from Latin nōna (hōra) (“ninth hour, nones”).

midafternoon, the period preceding sunset

(late use, paralleling English development) noon, midday

late use; paralleling English development; late use; paralleling English development


finnaid

Irish: fionn


flann

Irish: flann

Scottish Gaelic: flann

From Proto-Celtic *wlannos, from Proto-Indo-European *welh₃- (“to strike, hit”). Related to fuil (“blood”).


balbán

Irish: balbhán

Scottish Gaelic: balbhan


nóna

genitive/dative/accusative singular of nóin


lethar

head

lethar (gender unknown, genitive lethair, no plural)

Irish: leathar

Manx: liare

Scottish Gaelic: leathar

From Proto-Celtic *letros (compare Welsh lledr), from Proto-Indo-European *létrom (compare Old English leþer, Old Norse leðr).


scíathach

Níba búriud berna Baidbi béldergi do scoraib sciathcha scáthbricci.

The breach made by the red-mouthed roaring Badb shall not be dug for encampments full of shimmering shields.


botach

Irish: bodach

Scottish Gaelic: bodach


día lúain

Irish: Dé Luain

Scottish Gaelic: Diluain

/dʲiːə̯ ˈl͈uːə̯nʲ/


lúan

Irish: Luan

doomsday, judgement day (based on the belief that the world will end on a Sunday)


atam

Irish: adamh


basc

From the root of modern baithis (“top, crown (of head)”, literally “baptism”).


basc

From Proto-Celtic *baskis (“bundle, load”).
Cognate to Welsh baich (“load, burden”), Ancient Macedonian βάσκιοι (báskioi, “fasces, bundle”), Ancient Greek φάκελος (phákelos, “bundle”), Latin fascis (“band, bundle”), Old English bæst (“inner bark of the linden tree”) and Albanian bashkë (“together”).

cog

round necklet or neckband, consisting of beads of precious stone


cammóc

Irish: camóg

Manx: cammag


íaltóc

Irish: ialtóg

Scottish Gaelic: ialtag


prinnsa

Irish: prionsa

Scottish Gaelic: prionnsa

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman prince, from Latin princeps.


prímamail

Irish: príomhúil

Scottish Gaelic: prìomhail


-amail

Irish: -úil

Manx: -oil

Scottish Gaelic: -ail

-like (used to form adjectives from nouns, or occasionally other adjectives)


prímdacht

Irish: príomhacht

From prímda (“foremost, principal, pre-eminent”) + -acht (abstract suffix).


gáethmar

Irish: gaofar

Scottish Gaelic: gaothar, gaothmhor


prím

Scottish Gaelic: prìomh

Middle Irish: *prímamailIrish: príomhúilScottish Gaelic: prìomhail


prím

(Christianity) prime, the first canonical hour


rígdacht

Irish: ríocht

Manx: reeaght, riaght, reeriaght

Scottish Gaelic: rìoghachd

12th century Cath Ruis na Ríg for Bóinn ("the Battle of Rosnaree on the Boyne") in the Book of Leinster
ar rígdacht


soiléir

Irish: soiléir

Manx: sullyr

Scottish Gaelic: soilleir


lipting

Irish: lifting

Borrowed from Old Norse lypting (compare Norwegian Nynorsk lyfting), a diminutive of lopt (“attic”).


crimthan

head

crimthan m (genitive crimthain, nominative plural crimthain)

crimthain (genitive)
crimthain (nominative plural)
crimthan
chrimthan

/ˈkʲrʲiβ̃θən/


sibal

Irish: siúl

Manx: shooyl

Scottish Gaelic: siubhal


gáethmairecht

Irish: gaofaireacht

/ˈɡɤːθβ̃ərʲəxt/

/ˈɡɯːhβ̃ərʲəxt/


deóraidecht

Irish: deoraíocht

Manx: joarreeaght

Scottish Gaelic: deòraidheachd

deóraidecht
later /ɣ-/
later /ɣʲ-/
ndeóraidecht

/ˈdʲeːo̯rəðʲəxt/

/ˈdʲe̯oːrəɣʲəxt/

deórad (“exile, outlaw, stranger”) + -acht

af

exile, absence from home, wandering abroad


coiste

Irish: coiste

Scottish Gaelic: coiste


fichetmad

Irish: fichiú

Manx: feedoo

Scottish Gaelic: ficheadamh


maccoím

Irish: macaomh

→ Middle Welsh: makwyf

Welsh: macwy

From Old Irish macc coím. By surface analysis, macc (“boy”) + cóem (“dear, gentle”).


sabdán

Irish: sabhdán

From Middle French sultan (assimilated to the suffix -án), from Ottoman Turkish سلطان (sultan) and/or Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān).


eigrecht

Irish: oidhreacht

Manx: eiraght

Scottish Gaelic: oighreachd


eigre

Irish: oidhre

Manx: eirey

Scottish Gaelic: oighre

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman eir, heir, from Latin hēres.


ferg

Irish: fearg

Manx: ferg

Scottish Gaelic: fearg

From Old Irish ferg, from Proto-Celtic *wergā, from Proto-Indo-European *werǵéh₂, from the root *werǵ- (“to make, to work”).


dobeir

head

do·beir (prototonic ·tabair, verbal noun tabairt)

do·beir (canonical)
·tabair (prototonic)
tabairt (noun-from-verb)
do·beir
do·mbeir

Irish: bheir, tabhair

Manx: ver, toyr

Scottish Gaelic: bheir, tabhair, thoir

In fer no·t⟨h⟩ēged iarsint ṡligi do·bered in n-aēl isin coiri, ocus a·taibred din chētgabāil, iss ed no·ithed. Mani·tucad immurgu ní din chéttadall ni·bered a n-aill.

c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 2, lines 13–14:

Each man who came along the passage would put the flesh-fork into the cauldron, and whatever he took at the first grabbing, it was that which he ate. If, however, he did not take anything at (literally “from”) his first thrust, he did not bring the second.

Each man who came along the passage would put the flesh-fork into the cauldron, and whatever he brought (out) at the first taking, it was that which he ate.


treise

Irish: treise

treisiugad

the prefixing of ‘t’ to vowels after the definite article


daltacht

Scottish Gaelic: daltachd


drúis

drúise (genitive)
drúis
later /ɣ-/
later /ɣʲ-/
ndrúis

Originally the dative/accusative of Old Irish drús.


longphort

Irish: longfort

Scottish Gaelic: longphort

long (“ship”) + port (“place, spot; stronghold, fortress; settlement”)

compound

mansion, princely dwelling; stronghold, fortress


mallacht

Irish: mallacht

Manx: mollaght

Scottish Gaelic: mallachd

From Old Irish maldacht, borrowed from Latin maledictiō (“curse, condemnation, slander”).


caóc

Irish: cág

Manx: caaig

Scottish Gaelic: cadhag, cathag


caittín

Irish: caitín


Saxa

Borrowed from Latin Saxō, from Proto-West Germanic *sahs.


Saxain

From Old Irish Saxain (“Saxons”), from Latin Saxō (“Saxon”). See the Latin term for further etymology.

inflection of Saxa:
accusative/dative singular


Saxain

Irish: Sacsain, Sasana

Manx: Sostyn

Scottish Gaelic: Sasainn


Breta

Back-formation from Britain (“Britons”).


Mide

Irish: An Mhí

Likely from Old Irish mide (“middle, centre”).


screptra

Irish: screaptra

From Latin scrīptūra; doublet of scriptúir.


literdacht

Irish: litríocht f

From Old Irish litredacht. By surface analysis, literda (“literary”) + -acht.


persanda

Irish: pearsanta

Scottish Gaelic: pearsanta

From Old Irish persandae. By surface analysis, persa + -da.


literda

/ˈl͈ʲitʲərðə/

/ˈl͈ʲitʲərɣə/

From liter (“letter”) + -de, from Latin litera.


literda

/ˈl͈ʲitʲərðə/

/ˈl͈ʲitʲərɣə/


sacartacht

Irish: sagartacht

Manx: saggyrtaght

Scottish Gaelic: sagartachd

(religion) priesthood, the office of a priest


saegulta

Irish: saolta

Manx: seihllt, seihlltagh

Scottish Gaelic: saoghalta


adarcach

Irish: adharcach


sacerdóite

(religion) priesthood, priestly calling or rank


snechtamail

Irish: sneachtúil

/ˈɕn͈ʲextəβ̃əlʲ/


snechtaide

/ˈɕn͈ʲextəðʲə/

/ˈɕn͈ʲextəɣʲə/


prísún

Irish: príosún

Manx: pryssoon

Scottish Gaelic: prìosan

Borrowed from Middle English prisoun, from Anglo-Norman prisun, prisoun, from Latin prehensiō (“seizing, apprehending, arresting, capturing”).


prísúnach

Irish: príosúnach

Manx: pryssoonagh

Scottish Gaelic: prìosanach


gliccus

Irish: gliceas

Manx: glickys

Scottish Gaelic: gliocas

cleverness, (practical) wisdom, ingenuity, skill


fí

From Proto-Indo-European *wisós (“poison”). Cognate with Latin vīrus, Sanskrit विष (víṣa), Ancient Greek ἰός (iós).


ferannus

Irish: fearannas

ferann + -us; for the first element see Scottish Gaelic fearann

landed property or the possession of such


gúalaire

/ˈɡuːə̯lərʲə/


gúala

Irish: gualainn

Manx: geaylin

Scottish Gaelic: gualann

From Old Irish gúalu, attested in 9th-century glosses on Isidore of Seville's Etymologiae, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“to bend”), see also Ancient Greek γυιός (guiós, “lame”), Proto-Germanic *keulaz (“ship, vessel”).


siblaid

to travel, traverse, proceed, move, walk


ríam

Irish: riamh

Manx: rieau

Scottish Gaelic: riamh, a-riamh


medb

From Proto-Celtic *medwos, from Proto-Indo-European *médʰu.


comflaithius

head

comḟlaithius m (genitive comḟlaithiuso or comḟlaithiusa)

comḟlaithius (canonical masculine)
comḟlaithiuso (genitive)
comḟlaithiusa (genitive)
comḟlaithius
chomḟlaithius

Irish: comhlathas

Scottish Gaelic: co-fhlaitheas


derbsiur

derbṡiur (canonical feminine)
derbṡiur (nominative singular)
derbṡiair (dual nominative)
derbṡethir (nominative plural)
derbṡiur (singular vocative)
derbṡiair (dual vocative)
derbṡethra (plural vocative)
derbṡiair (accusative singular)
derbṡiair (accusative dual)
derbṡethra (accusative plural)
derbṡethar (genitive singular)
derbṡethar (dual genitive)
derbṡethar (genitive plural)
derbṡiair (dative singular)
derbṡethraib (dative dual)
derbṡethraib (dative plural)
derbṡiur
later /ɣ-/
later /ɣʲ-/
nderbṡiur

Irish: deirfiúr

(Christianity) sister (in a religious community)


cuileóc

cuileóc f (genitive cuileóice, nominative plural cuileóca)

cuileóice (genitive)
cuileóca (nominative plural)
cuileóc
chuileóc

Irish: cuileog

Manx: quaillag

Scottish Gaelic: cuileag


cenn

cenn m (genitive cinn, plural cenna or cinn)

cinn (genitive)
cenna (plural)
cinn (plural)
cenn
chenn

Irish: ceann

Manx: kione

Scottish Gaelic: ceann

From Old Irish cenn, from Proto-Celtic *kʷennom.


attá

Classical Gaelic: a-tá

Irish: tá

Manx: ta

Scottish Gaelic: tha


pósaid

Irish: pós

Manx: poos

Scottish Gaelic: pòs

Borrowed from Latin spōnsus (“betrothed”), from spondeō.


dóen

doín (genitive)
dóen
later /ɣ-/
later /ɣʲ-/
ndóen

Irish: daon

Back-formation from doíni, plural of duine.


dóendacht

Irish: daonnacht

dóendacht
later /ɣ-/
later /ɣʲ-/
ndóendacht

dóenda + -acht, but at least partially from Old Irish dóenacht.


abacc

Irish: abhac

Usually associated with Middle Welsh afanc (“dwarf; beaver”), from Proto-Celtic *abankos (“beaver, dwarf”), a derivative of *abū (“river”). The meaning "dwarf" also appears in Old Breton abac. However, Proto-Celtic *nk should give Goidelic /ɡ/, not /k/.


dóenda

Irish: daonna

Scottish Gaelic: daonna

From Old Irish doíndae. By surface analysis, dóen + da.


aicenta

Irish: aigeanta


bogatóir

Irish: boghdóir

Manx: bowder, boweyder

Scottish Gaelic: boghadair


saigteóir

saigteóra (genitive)
saigteóir
ṡaigteóir

Irish: saighdeoir, saighdiúir

Manx: sideyr

Scottish Gaelic: saighdear


saigetbolc

saigitbuilc (genitive)
saigetbolc
ṡaigetbolc

Irish: saigheadbholg


saigtech

saigtech m (genitive saigtig, nominative plural saigtig)

saigtig (genitive)
saigtig (nominative plural)
saigtech
ṡaigtech


saigteóracht

Irish: saighdeoireacht

soldiery (the profession or skill of being a soldier)


oíbnius

Irish: aoibhneas

Manx: eunys

Scottish Gaelic: aoibhneas


gafann

Irish: gafann

Scottish Gaelic: gafann, gabhann, gagan

Likely a Brythonic borrowing, possibly through Old Cornish gahen, from Proto-Brythonic *gahoɣwon, from Proto-Celtic *gasogʷonā, a dissimilated reflex of Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂n̥so-gʷʰon-éh₂ (“goose killer”); compare Proto-Celtic *gansis.


aibgitir

Irish: aibítir

From Old Irish apgitir, from Latin abecedārium.


sindsirrdacht

desc

Irish: sinnseardhacht (“antiquarian lore”)


deiligid

Irish: dealaigh, deighil

Scottish Gaelic: dealaich

deiligid
later /ɣ-/
later /ɣʲ-/
ndeiligid

From Old Irish deiligidir, from Proto-Celtic *del-, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰayl-, *dʰoyl- (“part, watershed”). Cognate with Old English dǣlan (“to divide, part”) (Modern English deal), Lithuanian dalinti (“divide”), Old Church Slavonic дѣлити (děliti).


carait

inflection of cara:
accusative/dative singular


metrapolitan

Borrowed from Latin mētropolītānus, from mētropolis (compare metrapoil).


Northmann

Borrowed from Old English Norþmann (“Norseman, Dane”). Compare Norwegian nordmann.


scríbneóir

Irish: scríbhneoir


báid

Irish: bá

Scottish Gaelic: bàidh

affection, fondness, attachment, partiality [with genitive ‘of, for’]


nósmar

Irish: nósmhar

customary, according to precedent, in good form, of good behaviour, disposition


fásach

From fás (“empty, deserted, uninhabited”) + -ach


comgarach

Irish: cóngarach


comgar

Irish: cóngar


aerda

Irish: aerga, aerdha

pertaining to the air, aerial, light as air


barántamail

Irish: barántúil


afost

Borrowed from Biblical Hebrew אוּפָז (ʾûp̄āz, “Uphaz”), a region mentioned in the Bible as famous for its gold.


barántacht

From baránta (“warrant, authority, guarantee”) + -acht (abstract suffix).


béloides

Irish: béaloideas

bél (“mouth”) + oides (“teaching, instruction”)


barántas

From baránta (“warrant, authority, guarantee”) + -as.


barún

head

barún m (genitive barúin or barún, nominative plural barúin)

barúin (genitive)
barún (genitive)
barúin (nominative plural)

Irish: barún

Borrowed from Old French baron, from Latin barōnem.


baránta

Irish: baránta

From Anglo-Norman, Old Northern French warant, warand (possibly via Middle English [Term?]), present participle of a Romance verb from Frankish *warjan.


baramail

Irish: barúil

Manx: barel

Scottish Gaelic: barail

/ˈbarəβ̃əlʲ/

From Latin parabola (from Ancient Greek παραβολή (parabolḗ, “comparison; parable”)), influenced by samail (“description, likeness, similarity”).


Oirp

(rare, appears only in glossaries) Europe (a continent)


beóir

Irish: beoir


Conchobar

Conchobair (genitive)
Conchobar
Chonchobar

Irish: Conchobhar, Conchúr

→ English: Connor

Manx: Conchoor

Scottish Gaelic: Conchobhar


madramail

Irish: madrúil

Scottish Gaelic: madrail


brígmar

Irish: bríomhar

/ˈbʲrʲiːɣβ̃ər/


banamail

Irish: banúil

Manx: benoil

Scottish Gaelic: banail


soiscél

Irish: soiscéal

Manx: sushtal

Scottish Gaelic: soisgeul

so- (“good”) + scél (“news”), a calque of Ancient Greek εὐαγγέλιον (euangélion). See also Old Irish soiscélae.


féthamail

Irish: féithiúil

/ˈɸʲeːθəβ̃əlʲ/


socamail

Irish: sócúl

⇒ Irish: sócúlach

/ˈsokəβ̃əlʲ/

Nominalization of the adjective Old Irish socamail


maithemnas

Irish: maithiúnas

Manx: maihnys

Scottish Gaelic: maitheanas

remission, abatement (of a penalty, etc.)


marbnad

Classical Gaelic: marbhna

Classical Gaelic: marbhnadh

Classical Gaelic: marbhnaidh

Irish: marbhna


fétaid

Irish: féad, féidir

Scottish Gaelic: faod, feud

From Old Irish ·éta, prototonic form of ad·cota (“obtain”).


maigden

Irish: maighdean

Manx: moidyn

Scottish Gaelic: maighdeann

Borrowed from Old English mæġden, from Proto-West Germanic *magadīn.


maigdenas

Irish: maighdeanas

Manx: moidynys

Scottish Gaelic: maighdeannas


sailltecht

Irish: saillteacht


galldacht

Irish: galldacht, Galltacht

Manx: Goaltaght

Scottish Gaelic: Galltachd

From gallda (“foreign (especially Norse or English); having foreign connections or ways”) + -acht.

affix

foreignness, English connection, fashion, ways

(collectively) the Englishry, the English settlers

district occupied by the English: in Ireland the Pale, in Scotland the Lowlands


ímáig

Irish: íomhá

Scottish Gaelic: ìomhaigh


cruittirecht

Irish: cruitireacht

Manx: cruitçheraght


cláirsech

Irish: cláirseach

Manx: claasagh

Scottish Gaelic: clàrsach


cláirseóir

Irish: cláirseoir

Manx: claaseyr

Scottish Gaelic: clàrsair


sliseóc

Irish: sliseog

Scottish Gaelic: sliseag

Manx: shlissag


ainmide

ainim(m) (“soul, life”) + -ide (adjectival suffix); calque of Latin animālis.


ainmide

Irish: ainmhí

Scottish Gaelic: ainmhidh


slis

Irish: slios

Scottish Gaelic: slios

Manx: slyst

From Old Irish slis, from Proto-Celtic *stlissus.


slis

Irish: slis

Scottish Gaelic: slis

Manx: shliss

From Old Irish sliss, from Proto-Celtic *splid-ti-.


slicén

Irish: sliogán

Scottish Gaelic: sligean

Manx: shliggan

From slice (“shell”) + -án (diminutive suffix).


.i.

Originally an abbreviation of Latin id est used in medieval manuscripts.


lemán

Irish: leamhán

Manx: lhiouan

Scottish Gaelic: leamhan


scúap

head

scúap f (genitive scóipe, nominative plural scúapa)

scóipe (genitive)
scúapa (nominative plural)

Irish: scuab

Manx: skeab

Scottish Gaelic: sguab


tolg

Irish: tolg


ógacht

Irish: ócht

Scottish Gaelic: òigheachd


léigint

From Anglo-Norman legende (perhaps via Middle English legende), from Medieval Latin legenda (“a legend, story”), from Latin legenda (“things which ought to be read”), from legō (“to read”).


saírsecht

Irish: saoirseacht


lenmaidecht

Irish: leanbaíocht

Scottish Gaelic: leanabachd


ógánta

Irish: ógánta, óigeanta

Scottish Gaelic: òganta


cáelas

Irish: caolas

Manx: keyllys

Scottish Gaelic: caolas


mochtráth

Irish: mochthráth

Manx: moghrey

Scottish Gaelic: mochthrath


mochtráth

Scottish Gaelic: mochthrath


sicc

Irish: sioc


náma

Irish: namhaid

Manx: noid

Scottish Gaelic: nàmhaid

From Old Irish námae, from Proto-Celtic *nāmants, traditionally said to be from Proto-Indo-European *ne (“not”) + *h₂em- (“love”) (compare Latin amō), but as that verb root is not otherwise attested in Celtic, this may be a folk etymology.


ingenas

Irish: iníonas

a defect in cows which prevents them being mated


gillacht

youth, the second of six ages of mankind.


gillaighecht

service, the office of a servant, the state of being a servant


lúaith

Irish: luaith

Manx: leoie

Scottish Gaelic: luath²


óen

Irish: aon

Manx: un

Scottish Gaelic: aon

From Old Irish óen, from Proto-Celtic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *óynos.


óen

I n‑oen uair dana tancatar ocus techta Conchobair mic Nessa do chungid in chon chetna.

At the same time, then, messengers came also from Conchobar Mac Nessa to ask for the same dog.


géilsinecht

géilsinechta (genitive)
géilsinecht
ngéilsinecht


géilsine

Irish: géillsine

initium indictionis Bellum Claenlocha in quo cecidit Maine mac Cerbaill oc cosnamh gellsine Ua Maine Connachd.

12th Century Chronicon Scotorum Annal 538.1

Battle of Claenloch in which fell Maine mac Cerbaill defending the hostages of the Uí Maine of Connacht.


gíallnus

Irish: giallnas


gaiscedach

head

gaiscedach m (genitive gaiscedaig, nominative plural gaiscedaig)

gaiscedaig (genitive)
gaiscedaig (nominative plural)

Irish: gaiscíoch

Scottish Gaelic: gaisgeach

/ˈɡaɕkʲəðəx/

/ˈɡaɕkʲəɣəx/

one bearing arms; warrior, especially one of prowess or skill; champion


gaiscedach

/ˈɡaɕkʲəðəx/

/ˈɡaɕkʲəɣəx/


gíallacht

Irish: giallacht


cantairecht

Irish: cantaireacht


reithinech

Irish: reithineach

From Old Irish roithinech. By surface analysis, reithine (“calm, tranquillity”) + -ach.


reithine

Irish: reithine

Ro fuirigh-sium fri ré in gemridh i Sleib Elpa, ⁊ tainic la tinnscetal na reithine errchaidhe co sochraidi moir leis ó chliamuin .i. Poimp Maighe[…]

c. 1400, Anonymous, In Cath Catharda, translated by Whitley Stokes, line 172

During the season of winter he waited in the Alps, and at the beginning of the vernal serenity he came, having a great host from his son-in-law Pompey the Great […]


mital

Irish: miotal

Borrowed from Old French metal (“metal”), from Latin metallum (“metal, mine, quarry, mineral”), from Ancient Greek μέταλλον (métallon, “mine, quarry, metal”).


crannóc

Irish: crannóg

Scottish Gaelic: crannag

wooden structure; wooden drinking container; basket


tromdacht

Irish: tromacht


gúalach

Irish: gualach


brága

head

brága f (genitive brágat, nominative plural brágait)

brágat (genitive)
brágait (nominative plural)
brága
mbrága

desc

Irish: brá (“captive, hostage”), bráid (“neck, throat”)

Scottish Gaelic: bràigh (“captive, hostage”)

From Old Irish bráge (“neck”), from Proto-Celtic *brāgants. The sense “captive” derives from the phrase gaibid ar brágait (“to take captive”, literally “to take by the neck”).


préchán

head

préchán m (genitive précháin, nominative plural précháin)

précháin (genitive)
précháin (nominative plural)
préchán
phréchán

Irish: préachán (“crow”)

Derived from an earlier sense of "orator," "crier," borrowed from Latin praeco (“herald”).


gúal

gúal m or f (genitive gúail or gúaile, no plural)

gúail (genitive)
gúaile (genitive)
gúal
ngúal

Irish: gual

Manx: geayl

Scottish Gaelic: gual

From Proto-Celtic *goulos, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ǵwelH- (“to burn, shine”), though the details are unclear.


tromaigid

tromugud (noun-from-verb)
tromaigid
thromaigid

Irish: tromaigh

(intransitive) to become heavy, to be aggravated

(transitive) to intensify, to inflict on (for)


becht

Irish: beacht (“precise, exact”)

Apparently an archaic participle of boingid (“to break, strike”).


míanach

desc

Irish: mianach (“ore; mine; stuff, material, substance, quality”)


mían

Manx: meain

Scottish Gaelic: mèinn


lagdaigid

Irish: laghdaigh

/ˈl͈aɣdəɣʲəðʲ/

/ˈl͈aɣdəɣʲəɣʲ/

From Old Irish lagat (“smallness, scantiness, fewness”) + -igid.

affix

(intransitive) to grow small, to diminish


derbchomalta

derbchomalta
later /ɣ-/
later /ɣʲ-/
nderbchomalta


neimní

Irish: neamhní


comalta

Irish: comhalta

From Old Irish comaltae, from Proto-Celtic *komaltyos. By surface analysis, com- (“with”) + ailte (“fostered”).

comaltar

co-fosterage, joint responsibility for fosterage

comaltas

foster-brotherhood, intimate friendship; co-fosterage


clocán

Irish: clogán


cnocán

Irish: cnocán


ingenach

/ˈinʲɣʲənəx/


gillanrad

head

gillanrad f (genitive singular gillanraide)

gillanraide (genitive singular)
gillanrad (nominative singular)
gillanrad (singular vocative)
gillanraid (accusative singular)
gillanraide (genitive singular)
gillanraid (dative singular)
gillanrad
ngillanrad

/ˈɡʲil͈ənrəð/

/ˈɡʲil͈ənrəɣ/

From gilla (“youth, servant”) + -rad, by analogy with ingenrad. Compare gillarad.

(uncountable) youths, household, camp-followers, servants


slúagh

desctree

Irish: slua, sluagh (superseded)
→ English: slew

Scottish Gaelic: sluagh

Manx: sleih

From Old Irish slóg, from Proto-Celtic *slougos.


tinne

Dam ocus tinne in cach coiri.

[There was] an ox and a side of bacon in each cauldron.


ósta

Irish: ósta

From Anglo-Norman oste (“innkeeper, landlord”).


clíamain

Irish: cliamhain

Manx: cleuin

Scottish Gaelic: cliamhainn


echlach

head

echlach f (ā-stem, genitive singular echlaige, nominative plural echlacha)

echlaige (genitive singular)
echlacha (nominative plural)
echlach
n-echlach

Irish: eachlach


mebair

Irish: meabhair

Scottish Gaelic: meomhair

From Old Irish mebuir, from Latin memoria.


grend

Irish: greann²

From Proto-Celtic *grannos (“moustache, beard”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰren- (“facial hair”), see also Russian грань (granʹ, “face, facet, edge, border, verge”), Welsh gran (“eyelid”), Breton grann (“brow, eyebrow”).


mómint

Irish: móimint

Scottish Gaelic: mòmaid


scáeth

Irish: scaoth

Manx: skeih

Scottish Gaelic: sgaoth


búar

Irish: buar


comaltas

Irish: comhaltas


sessed

Alternative spelling of seissed (“sixth”)


ithid

Irish: ith

Manx: ee

Scottish Gaelic: ith

c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 2, line 14:

Each man who came along the passage would put the flesh-fork into the cauldron, and whatever he got at the first taking, it was that which he ate. (literally, “The man who…”)


deóradach

deóradach
later /ɣ-/
later /ɣʲ-/
ndeóradach


gillarad

From gilla (“youth, servant”) + -rad. Compare gillanrad.

youths, household, camp followers, servants


midlach

midlaige (genitive singular)
midlaig (genitive singular)
midlach

Irish: miodhlach


sanusach

head

sanusach m (genitive sanusaig, nominative plural sanusaig)

sanusaig (genitive)
sanusaig (nominative plural)
sanasach
ṡanasach


comáirem

comáirem f or m (genitive comáirme or comáirim, nominative plural comárim)

comáirme (genitive)
comáirim (genitive)
comárim (nominative plural)
comáirem
chomáirem

Irish: comhaireamh

/ˈkoβ̃aːrʲəβ̃/


míanaige

/ˈmʲiːə̯nəɣʲə/


cathaigecht

cathaigecht f (nominative plural cathaigechta)

cathaigechta (nominative plural)
cathaigecht
chathaigecht

/ˈkaθəɣʲəxt/

From cathaige (“fighter, warrior”) + -acht.


dorchacht

c. 1400, trans. Cath Mhuighe Léana in the Yellow Book of Lecan, Trinity MS 1318, 108.13


longportach

From longphort (“camp, encampment”) + -ach.


longportach

Irish: longfortach


trímad

Irish: tríú

Manx: treeoo

From trí with -mad by analogy with the higher ordinals.


líathróit

Irish: liathróid

From Old Irish líathrit. Cognate with Welsh llithred.

a ball or slingshot made from the brains of an enemy


spled

Irish: spleá

Perhaps borrowed from Old English pleġa (“exercise”).


méin

Irish: méin

Probably the same word as Old Irish méin (“mineral”); the original nominative singular may have been mían.

bent, disposition, temperament; nature, quality


bennán

bennán m (genitive bennáin, nominative plural bennáin)

bennáin (genitive)
bennáin (nominative plural)
bennán
mbennán

From Old Irish benn (“prong, horn”) + -án


úathbás

Irish: uafás

Scottish Gaelic: uabhas

/ˈuːa̯θβaːs/

The Destruction of Da Derga's Hostel
becc náchimrala húathbás oc imchaisin in trír sin

(please add an English translation of this quotation)


crích

From Old Irish crích, from Proto-Celtic *krīkʷā (“furrow, trench, boundary”).

inh

i. bruden Daderga i crich Cualand, ocus bruden Ḟorgaill Manaich, ocus bruden Mic Dareo i mBrefni, ocus bruden Dachoca i n‑iarthor Mide ocus bruden Blai briuga i nUltaib.

c. 1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, in Ernst Windisch, editor, Irische Texte, volume 1, published 1800, section 1:

i.e. the hall of Daderga in the area of Cualu, and the hall of Forgall Manach, and the hall of Mac Dareo in Brefne, and the hall of Dachoca in the west of Meath, and the hall of Blai the landowner in Ulster.


bailti

nominative plural of baile (“place, homestead, town”)


bráithremail

Irish: bráithriúil

Manx: braaroil

Scottish Gaelic: bràithreil

bráthair (“brother, (male) cousin, kinsman”) + -amail

suffix

consisting of brothers or members of the same kin-group


bráthamail

bráth (“judgment, destruction”) + -amail


grutt

head

grutt f (ā-stem, genitive gruitt, uncountable)


tairnge

Irish: tairne

desc

Scottish Gaelic: tàirnge, tàirng, tarrang, tarrag


doicc

Irish: tig

Scottish Gaelic: thig

Manx: çheet

Tancas o Ailill ocus o Meidb do chungid in chon. I n‑oen uair dana tancatar ocus techta Conchobair mic Nessa do chungid in chon chetna.

People came from Ailill and from Medb to ask for the dog. At the same time, then, messengers came also from Conchobar Mac Nessa to ask for the same dog.

to come (move from further away to nearer to)


Amergin

a male given name borne most notably by two poets in medieval Ireland.


áe

head

áe (nominative plural áoi, genitive plural áoi, dative plural áoibh)

áoi (nominative plural)
áoi (genitive plural)
áoibh (dative plural)

Irish: ae

Manx: aane

Scottish Gaelic: adha

From Old Irish óa, from Proto-Celtic *awV-.


ánrata

Irish: ánrata

From Old Irish ánrad (“hero, warrior, champion”).


echall

From ech. Compare Welsh eball (“colt, horse under two years old”).


sádaile

Irish: sáile

From sádail + -e. Compare modern sàth (“sufficiency, satiety, fill”).


forbba

Irish: forba


Laigin

Irish: Laighin

Manx: Lion

Scottish Gaelic: Laighean

Boí rí amra for Laignib, .i. Mac Dathó a ainm.

There was a wonderful king over Leinster; Mac Dathó was his name.

(plural only) Leinster (a province of Ireland)


coiri

inflection of coire:
accusative/dative/genitive singular


dotét

head

do·tét (verbal noun tuidecht, prototonic ·táet)

do·tét (canonical)
tuidecht (noun-from-verb)
·táet (prototonic)
do·tét
do·thét

Irish: téid, théid

From Old Irish do·tét. By surface analysis, to- + téit.

Do·eth ó Ailill ocus ó Meidbh do chungid in chon.

c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 1, line 3:

People came from Ailill and from Medb to ask for the hound. (literally, One came…)

(intransitive) to come (move from further away to nearer to)


boí

third-person singular preterite absolute/conjunct of at·tá


badbda

Irish: badhbha

From Old Irish bodbdae. By surface analysis, Badb (goddess of battle and death) + -da (adjectival suffix).

surf

appertaining to war; Badb-like, deadly, fatal


tríchatmad

Irish: tríochadú


sescatmad

Irish: seascadú

Scottish Gaelic: seasgadamh

/ˈɕeskədβ̃əð/

/ˈɕeskədβ̃əɣ/


sechtmad

Irish: seachtú

From Proto-Celtic *sextametos. By surface analysis, secht + -mad.


cétmad

Irish: céadú

Manx: keeadoo

Scottish Gaelic: ceudamh

[ˈkʲeːdβ̃að]

From Proto-Celtic *kantometos. By surface analysis, cét + -mad.


nómad

Irish: naoú


seissed

Irish: seiseadh

Scottish Gaelic: seiseadh

Is í sein int ṡeised bruiden ro·boi i n‑hErind in tan sin […]


ardáili

ar·dáili (canonical)
ar··dáili
later /-ɣ-/
later /-ɣʲ-/
ar··ndáili


cáinid

Irish: cáin


cartaid

Irish: cart

Scottish Gaelic: cairt


fégaid

Irish: féach

Scottish Gaelic: feuch

⇒ Scottish Gaelic: feuchail

→ Irish: fiacháil

Apparently from Old Irish do·éccai, but with difficulties regarding the second consonant.
However, a compound derivative of this verb, con·fécha (“to scrutinize”), is apparently attested in Old Irish within the Milan glosses as the imperfect form com·fechinn.


feraid

head

feraid (conjunct ·fera, verbal noun ferthain)

·fera (conjunct)
ferthain (noun-from-verb)
feraid
ḟeraid

Irish: fear (“to grant”)

From Old Irish feraid, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to heed”).

Ro·ferad failte friu uile, ocus ructha chuci-sium isin mbruidin.

They were all made welcome and brought to him in the hall.


follamnaigid

Irish: follúnaigh

/ˈɸol͈əβ̃nəɣʲəðʲ/

/ˈɸol͈əβ̃nəɣʲəɣʲ/

From Proto-Celtic *wolnāmū (“ruler”) + -igid.


guirid

Irish: gor

From Old Irish guirid, from Proto-Celtic *gʷorīti.


grádaigidir

Irish: gráigh

Scottish Gaelic: gràdhaich

/ˈɡraːðəɣʲəðʲərʲ/

/ˈɡraːɣəɣʲəɣʲərʲ/

From grád + -igidir. The first element is from Old Irish grád.


immdích

imm·dích (canonical)
imm·dích
later /-ɣ-/
later /-ɣʲ-/
imm·ndích

From Old Irish imm·dích, attested mainly in legal texts.

Im·dīched in cú Laigniu huili.

c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 1, line 2:


seólaid

Irish: seol

Manx: shiauill

Scottish Gaelic: seòl

/ˈɕeːo̯ləðʲ/

/ˈɕe̯oːləɣʲ/


sínid

Irish: sín

Scottish Gaelic: sìn

Manx: sheeyney, sheeyn

From Proto-Celtic *sīnīti, from the same root as *sīros (“long”) (compare Old Irish sír, Welsh hir), from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- (“late, long”) (compare Sanskrit साय (sāyá, “evening”), Latin sērus (“late”), Gothic 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌸𐌿𐍃 (seiþus, “late”).


téit

head

téit (conjunct ·tét, verbal noun techt or dul)

·tét (conjunct)
techt (noun-from-verb)
dul (noun-from-verb)
téit
théit

Classical Gaelic: téid

Irish: téigh

Scottish Gaelic: rach

In fer no·t⟨h⟩ēged iarsint ṡligi do·bered in n-aēl isin coiri, ocus a·taibred din chētgabāil, iss ed no·ithed.

Each man who came along the passage would put the flesh-fork into the cauldron, and whatever he got at the first taking, it was that which he ate.


techt

From Old Irish techt, from Proto-Celtic *tixtā.


techt

techt m (genitive techta, nominative plural techta)

techta (genitive)
techta (nominative plural)

Irish: teacht

Scottish Gaelic: teachd

I n‑oen uair dana tancatar ocus techta Conchobair mic Nessa do chungid in chon chetna.


techt

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

third-person singular preterite conjunct of techtaid


téiged

third-person singular imperfect indicative of téit


Laignib

/ˈl͈aɣʲnʲəβʲ/


memm

Irish: meam (obsolete)


minúit

Irish: mionóid

a period of six minutes (a tenth of an hour)


snáid

From Old Irish snaïd, from Proto-Celtic *snāti, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)neh₂- (“to swim”).


gerán

Irish: gearán

Scottish Gaelic: gearan

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ǵeh₂r- (“to cry, shout”), the source of Old Irish do·gair (“to call”).


cach

Irish: gach

Manx: dagh

Scottish Gaelic: gach

Dam ocus tinne in cach coiri.

c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 2, line 12:


scóaire

From scó (“act of brewing ale/beer)”) + -aire. Compare scoit (“liquid, drink”).


tarsna

Irish: trasna (by metathesis)


tarsna

Irish: trasna (by metathesis)


tarsna

Irish: trasna (by metathesis)


áes side

Irish: aos sí

From Old Irish áes síde. By surface analysis, áes (“folk, people”) + side (“fairy hill or mound”).


in tan

head

in tan (followed by the indirect relative)

Irish: an tan


éirgid

Irish: éirigh

Scottish Gaelic: èirich

Manx: irree

From Old Irish at·reig, from Proto-Celtic *regeti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃réǵeti, ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- (to straighten).


uili

inflection of uile:
vocative/genitive singular masculine

inflection of uile:
accusative/dative singular feminine

inflection of uile:
genitive singular neuter

nominative/vocative/accusative plural all genders


nigid

Irish: nigh

Manx: niee

Scottish Gaelic: nigh

/ˈn͈ʲi.ɣʲəðʲ/

/ˈn͈ʲi.ɣʲəɣʲ/

From Old Irish nigid, from Proto-Celtic *nigyeti, from Proto-Indo-European *neygʷ-.


uball

Irish: úll

Manx: ooyl

Scottish Gaelic: ubhal

From Old Irish ubull, from Proto-Celtic *abūl, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl.


fidchell

fidchell f (genitive fidchille, nominative plural fidchella)

fidchille (genitive)
fidchella (nominative plural)
fidchell
ḟidchell

Irish: ficheall

Manx: feeal

Scottish Gaelic: fidhcheall

→ English: fidchell

/ˈɸʲiðxʲəl͈/

From Proto-Celtic *widukʷeislā (literally “wood intelligence”), from *widus (“wood”) + *kʷeislā (“sense”), cognate with Welsh gwyddbwyll, Cornish gwydhbol, and Breton gwezboell.

der

An ancient Celtic board game somewhat resembling chess.


bregda

Irish: breá

Manx: breagh

Scottish Gaelic: brèagha

From Brega (“Bregia, the country around Tara”) + -da (adjectival suffix). The meaning of “fine” by association with the scene of the magnificence of the high-kings. Possibly related to brí (“hill”) and bríg (“power, strength, authority”).

af

Bregian, related to Bregia, the country around the Hill of Tara


Brega

(plural only) Bregia (a the country around the Hill of Tara in Ireland)


Finnabair

Irish: Fionnabhair

From Old Irish Findabair, from Proto-Celtic *Windo-seibaris; cognate with English Guinevere and Jennifer.


ditned

·ditned (canonical)
ditned
later /ɣ-/
later /ɣʲ-/
nditned

/ˈdʲidʲnʲəð/

/ˈdʲidʲnʲəɣ/

third-person singular imperfect indicative of ditnid


ditnid

/ˈdʲidʲnʲəðʲ/

/ˈdʲidʲnʲəɣʲ/

From díten, from Old Irish dítiu, verbal noun of do·eim.

Bui cu oca, no·ditned in cu Lagniu uile.

He had a dog; the dog protected all Leinster


airdircus

Irish: oirirceas

From airdirc + -us, from Proto-Celtic *ɸare- (“in front of”) + *derk- (“to see”), from Proto-Indo-European *derḱ-.

Ailbe ainm in chon, ocus lan hEriu dia aurdarcus.

Ailbhe was the dog’s name, and Ireland was full of his fame.


tancas

Alternative spelling of táncas: preterite autonomous of do·icc


Medb

desctree

Irish: Méabh, Meadhbh, Méadhbh (superseded), Méibh
→ English: Maeve

From Proto-Celtic *medwā, from Proto-Indo-European *médʰu. Compare Middle Irish medb (“intoxicating”), from Proto-Celtic *medwos.

Tancas o Ailill ocus o Meidb do chungid in chon.

People were sent from Ailill and from Medb to ask for the dog.

a female given name, equivalent to English Maeve, born notably by the queen of Connacht in the Ulster Cycle


chungid

/ˈxuŋʲɡʲəðʲ/

/ˈxuŋʲɡʲəɣʲ/


chuingid

/ˈxuŋʲɡʲəðʲ/

/ˈxuŋʲɡʲəɣʲ/


condaig

con·daig (canonical)
cuingid (noun-from-verb)


cuingid

/ˈkuŋʲɡʲəðʲ/

/ˈkuŋʲɡʲəɣʲ/


tigerna

Irish: tiarna

Manx: çhiarn

Scottish Gaelic: tighearna

/ˈtʲiɣʲər͈n͈ə/


breithemnas

brithemnasa (genitive)
breithemnas
mbreithemnas

Irish: breithiúnas

Manx: briwnys

Scottish Gaelic: breitheanas

/ˈbʲrʲeθʲəβ̃nəs/


techta

inflection of techt (“messenger, envoy”):


chetna

Lenited form of cetna: alternative spelling of chétna


cétna

Irish: céanna


roferad

passive singular perfect deuterotonic of feraid


ructha

passive plural perfect contracted absolute of beirid


cúramm

Irish: cúram

Manx: currym

Scottish Gaelic: cùram

Borrowed from Latin cūram, accusative singular of cūra.


chucisium

Ro·ferad failte friu uile, ocus ructha chucisium isin mbruidin.

third-person singular masculine emphatic of co


nHerind

Alternative spelling of nÉrind: eclipsed form of Herind.


nHérind

Alternative spelling of nÉrind: eclipsed form of Hérind.


in tan sin

Irish: an tan sin

Is í sein int ṡeised bruiden ro·boi i nHerind in tan sin […]

That is one of the six halls that were in Ireland at that time […]


roboí

third-person singular perfect deuterotonic of at·tá


mBrefni

Alternative spelling of mBréfni: eclipsed form of Brefni.


Bréfne

Irish: Bréifne

→ English: Breffny

/ˈbʲrʲeːfʲnʲə/

Breffny, a kingdom of medieval Ireland corresponding approximately to modern Counties Leitrim and Cavan


Cúalu

Cúalann (genitive singular)
Cúalu
Chúalu

Irish: Cuala

→ English: Cualu

Cualu, a territory in medieval Ireland south of the River Liffey, corresponding approximately to modern County Wicklow and southern County Dublin.


nÉrinn

/ˈn͈ʲeːrʲən͈ʲ/


nHérinn

/ˈn͈ʲeːrʲən͈ʲ/

Alternative spelling of nÉrinn: eclipsed form of Hérinn.


Hérinn

Alternative spelling of Érinn: dative/accusative singular of Hériu


imdíched

im·díched (canonical)
im··díched
later /-ɣ-/
later /-ɣʲ-/
im··ndíched

/imʲˈdʲiːxʲəð/

/imʲˈdʲiːxʲəɣ/

third-person singular imperfect deuterotonic of imm·dích


immallé

Immalle dano tāncatar ocus techta Ulad ocus Conchobair do chungid in chon chētna.

c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 1, line 4:

Yet at the same time there came also messengers of the Ulstermen and of Conchobar to ask for the same dog.


imdiched

im·diched (canonical)
im·diched
later /-ɣ-/
later /-ɣʲ-/
im·ndiched


choiced

Alternative spelling of chóiced: lenited form of coiced.


n-iarthur

Alternative spelling of n-íarthur: eclipsed form of iarthur.


íarthar

head

íarthar m (genitive íarthair, no plural)

Irish: iarthar

Is ⟨s⟩í sin in chōiced bruden ro·boī i nHērinn isind aimsir sin, ocus bruden Da-Derg i crích Cūalann ocus bruden Ḟorgaill Manaich ocus bruden Me[i]c Da-Rēo i mBrēfni ocus bruden Da-Choca i n-īarthur Midi.

c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 1, line 10:

That is one of the five halls that were in Ireland at that time: [the others being] also the hall of Da-Derg in the area of Cualu, and the hall of Forgall Manach, and the hall of Mac Dareo in Brefne, and the hall of Dachoca in the west of Meath.


gemred

Irish: geimhreadh

Scottish Gaelic: geamhradh

Manx: geurey

/ˈɡʲeβ̃ʲrʲəð/

/ˈɡʲeβ̃ʲrʲəɣ/

From Old Irish gaimred, from Proto-Celtic *gyemos, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰyem-.


doruis

inflection of dorus:
vocative/genitive singular


sligeda

/ˈɕl͈ʲiɣʲəðə/

/ˈɕl͈ʲiɣʲəɣə/

nominative/vocative/accusative plural of slige


tellaige

/ˈtʲel͈əɣʲə/

nominative/vocative/accusative/genitive plural of tellach


tellach

Irish: teallach

Manx: çhiollagh

Scottish Gaelic: teallach

From Old Irish tenlach, from the root of teine (“fire”) + -lach.

Secht ndoruis isin bruidin ocus secht sligeda trethe ocus secht tellaige indi ocus secht cori.

[There were] seven doors in the hall, and seven passages through it, and seven hearths in it, and seven cauldrons.


cét-

Irish: céad

Manx: kied

Scottish Gaelic: ciad

From Old Irish cét-, from Proto-Celtic *kentus (“first”), from Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“to begin”).


n-ael

Alternative spelling of n-áel: eclipsed form of ael.


dobered

do·bered (canonical)
do··bered
do··mbered

third-person singular imperfect indicative deuterotonic of do·beir


taibred

third-person singular past subjunctive prototonic of do·beir


áel

Irish: adhal

Manx: aall

Scottish Gaelic: adhal

From Old Irish áel, perhaps from the same source as Proto-Germanic *ēlō (“awl”). See also Sanskrit आरा (ārā, “shoemaker's knife”).

c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 2, line 13:


chetgabail

Alternative spelling of chétgabáil: lenited form of cetgabail.


chétgabáil

/ˈxʲeːdˌɣaβaːlʲ/


cétgabáil

/ˈkʲeːdˌɣaβaːlʲ/


gabáil

Irish: gabháil, goil (possibly)

→ English: gwall

Manx: goaill

Scottish Gaelic: gabhail

From the dative/accusative of Old Irish gabál, from Proto-Celtic *gabaglā.


ithed

third-person singular imperfect indicative of ithid


tucad

perfective third-person singular imperfect indicative of do·beir


manitucad

Mani·tucad immurgu ní din chéttadall ni·bered a n-aill.

c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 2, line 14/15:

If, however, he did not take anything at (literally “from”) his first thrust, he did not bring the second.


immorro

immorro (never the first word in its clause)

Irish: iomorra

c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 2, line 15:


céttadall

If, however, he did not take anything at (literally “from”) the first thrust, he did not bring the second.


tadall

Irish: tadhall

Scottish Gaelic: tadhal


boingid

desc

⇒ Irish: bain (“to take, reap, dig out”)

/ˈboŋʲɡʲəðʲ/

/ˈboŋʲɡʲəɣʲ/

From Old Irish bongaid, from Proto-Celtic *bungeti.


ferchuitred

/ˈɸʲerˌxudʲrʲəð/

/ˈɸʲerˌxudʲrʲəɣ/

From fer (“man, husband”) + cuitred (“portion, allotment”).

af

a portion or allotment of men or husbands


cáennach

Irish: caonach

Scottish Gaelic: còinneach

Manx: keynnagh

From Old Irish cóennae with the noun-forming -ach added onto it.


frestal

Irish: freastal

Manx: frastyl

Scottish Gaelic: freasdal


Gall-Goídel

head

Gall-Goídel m (genitive Gall-Goídil, nominative plural Gall-Goídil)

Gall-Goídil (genitive)
Gall-Goídil (nominative plural)
Gall-Goídel
nGall-Goídel

Irish: Gall-Ghael

→ English: Gall-Gael

Scottish Gaelic: Gall-Ghàidheal

⇒ Scottish Gaelic: Gall-Ghàidhealaibh

→ English: Galloway

Manx: Goal-Ghael

→ Middle Welsh: gallwydel

Welsh: gallwyddel

/ˈɡal͈ˌɣɤːðʲəl/

/ˈɡal͈ˌɣɯːɣʲəl/

From Gall (“non-Gaelic settler in Ireland”) + Goídel (“Gael”).

af

A non-Gaelic person who has adopted Gaelic culture.

A Norseman who settled in Ireland and adopted the native culture.


Cuilén

Irish: Coileán

Scottish Gaelic: Cailean

From Old Irish cuilén (“pup, cub”), from Proto-Celtic *kolignos (“whelp”), possibly of non-Indo-European origin.


Beóllán

Irish: Beollán

⇒ Irish: Ó Beolláin

→ English: Boland

→ Old Norse: Bjólan
Icelandic: Bjólan


cuirid

Irish: cuir

Manx: cur, cuirr

Scottish Gaelic: cuir

From Old Irish ·cuirethar, prototonic form of fo·ceird, and from its derivative do·cuirethar.


Cíchmuine

From Primitive Irish ᚉᚉᚔᚉᚐᚋᚔᚅᚔ (ccicamini), equivalent to cích + min literally 'having small breasts'.


aitire

Literally, “being between”, or more loosely translated as “one who stands between”.

lit

Dotéit aitire ar ḟer feras in fuil.

He goes surety for the man who inflicts the wound.

(law) hostage surety who guarantees the performance of an obligation with themselves (as opposed to a ráth, who guarantees it with their property); guarantor


oirid

Perhaps a contamination of ailid (“to suit”) with foirid (“to help”).


brágait

inflection of brága:
accusative/dative singular

inflection of brága:
nominative/vocative/accusative dual


Fódla

Irish: Fódhla

(Irish mythology) name of a tutelary deity of Ireland