vert

English: vert

Borrowed from Old French vert, from Vulgar Latin virdis, syncopated from Classical Latin viridis.


clause

English: clause

From Old French clause, from Medieval Latin clausa.

(law) A clause, term, or consideration; a section in a legal document.


hurt

English: hurt

Scots: hurt

Welsh: hurt

Either borrowed from Old French hurt or a back-formation from hurten.

Injury, harm or damage; that which is detrimental:

(law) A transgression; the act of violating.


ese

English: ease

(law) The right to utilize the property of a neighbour for certain ends; easement.


original

English: original

Scots: original, oreeginal

From Old French original, from Late Latin orīginālis; equivalent to origyne + -al.

(rare, law) a legal document beginning legal action


tort

English: tort

Scots: tort

From Old French tort, from Latin tortum.


real

English: real

Scots: real

Borrowed from Old French reel, from Late Latin reālis.

(Late Middle English, law) concerning possessions


damage

English: damage

Scots: dammish

From Old French damage, from Vulgar Latin *damnāticum.

(law, often in the plural) damages (compensation for loss)


libel

Ultimately from Latin libellus (“little book”).

I haue ȹ he, of ſommõs of the here a byl / Up payne of curſyng loke that thou be / To moꝛowe befoꝛe our Archdeacons kne [...] Now loꝛde ȹ ſhe, Jeſu kyng of kynges / So wiſely helpe me, as I ne may [...] May I nat aſke a lybel ſyꝛ Sompnour / And anſwere there by my pꝛoctour / To ſuche thyng as men wolde appoſen me?

1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Freres Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC, folio xliiii, verso, column 1:

I have (he said) a bill of summons here: / On pain of excommunication make sure that you appear / Tomorrow morning at the archdeacon's knee … Now Lord (she said) Jesus king of kings / Help me, as I cannot … Could I ask for a copy of the charges, sir summoner, / And have my proctor appear for me / For whatever it is that I am accused of?

(law) A litigant's statement of complaint, or list of charges


wast

English: waste

Scots: waste

Yola: wauste

Borrowed from Old Northern French wast (noun), from the adjective. Doublet of weste (“wilderness”).

bor+

(property law) Damage to property or that which causes it.


dette

English: debt

Scots: det, debt

From Old French dete, from Latin dēbita, from the plural of dēbitum.

(law, rare) A legal action in order to collect a money owed to one.


toiling

English: toiling

(rare, law) The initiation of a lawsuit.


ple

English: plea

Scots: plea

From Old French plait, plaid, from Medieval Latin placitum.

(law) A legal plea or allegation (from either party)


assise

English: assize

Scots: assize (now rare)

From Old French assises, from Latin assideō. Compare syse.

(law) A holding of the court of assize (a regularly-scheduled regional court); an assizes.

(law) A legal case for a court of assize.

(law) A legal document or text enforcing a standard for an item.

(law) An enforced standard measurement of a product's nature (e.g. mass, standard, dimensions, etc.)

(law) Any legal text or document; a law.


demaunde

English: demand

Scots: demand

From Old French demande, from the verb demander.


matere

English: matter

Scots: matter, maitter

From Anglo-Norman matere, from Latin māteria.

A pursuit, occurrence, condition, or event, especially when problematic:

(law) A lawsuit or litigation; legal action or activity.


seien

English: say

Scots: say, sa

Yola: zey, zei

From Old English seċġan (“to say”), from Proto-West Germanic *saggjan, from Proto-Germanic *sagjaną.

To say, that is:
(law) To affirm, to assert


servise

English: service (see there for further descendants)

Scots: service

Borrowed from Old French servise, from Latin servitium. By surface analysis, serven + -ise.

A particular function or task:
(law, rare) The delivery of summons.

A particular function or task:
The delivery of summons.


tem

English: team (see there for further descendants)

Scots: team

Inherited from Old English tēam, from Proto-West Germanic *taum, from Proto-Germanic *taumaz.

(law) The privilege of making decisions about ownership disputes between a person's subordinates.

descendants, children; also extended to the following:

(law) The descendants of one's subordinates.


symple

head

symple (plural and weak singular symple, comparative sympler, superlative symplest)

symple (plural)
symple (singular weak)
sympler (comparative)
symplest (superlative)

English: simple

Scots: semple

Borrowed from Old French simple, from Latin simplex (“single; singular”).

(law, philosophy) Without extra conditions; unconditioned.


symple

English: simple

(law, rare) A document without extra complications or conditions.


actour

English: actor

Scots: acker

Borrowed from Latin āctōr; equivalent to act + -our.


dampnen

enm-verb

dampnen (third-person singular simple present dampneth, present participle dampnende, dampnynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle dampned)

dampneth (present singular third-person)
dampnende (participle present)
dampnynge (participle present)
dampned (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
dampnen (infinitive)
to dampnen (infinitive)
dampne (infinitive)
dampne (first-person present singular)
dampned (first-person past singular)
dampe (first-person past singular)
dampnest (present second-person singular)
dampnedest (past second-person singular)
dampest (past second-person singular)
dampneth (present singular third-person)
dampned (past singular third-person)
dampe (past singular third-person)
dampne (present singular subjunctive)
dampned (past singular subjunctive)
dampe (past singular subjunctive)
dampne (imperative present singular)
dampnen (plural present)
dampne (plural present)
dampneden (past plural)
dampnede (past plural)
dampen (past plural)
dampe (past plural)
dampneth (imperative plural present)
dampne (imperative plural present)
dampnynge (participle present)
dampnende (participle present)
dampned (participle past)
damp (participle past)
ydampned (participle past)
ydamp (participle past)

English: damn

Scots: damn

Borrowed from Old French dampner, from Latin damnō; compare condempnen.

(law) to charge as guilty; to effect punishment.


feal

Middle Scots: feall, fiall

Scots: feal, feele (obsolete)

→ English: feal

Probably borrowed from Anglo-Norman feal (“faithful”), earlier fedeil, from Latin fidēlis; compare feaute.
In Middle English, reinterpreted as fe (“fee”) + -al, influencing both the sense and form.

bor+

A stipend or allowance given to someone.

(rare) Ownership of land under feudalism.

(rare) Fealty; feudal allegiance, fidelity, or loyalty.


surveyour

English: surveyor

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman surveour; equivalent to surveyen + -our.

An overseer, superintendent, or supervisor:

(law) One who oversees the executors of a will.


withseien

English: withsay

From Old English wiþsecgan (“withsay”), adapted to reflect the change of the verb secgan (“say”) to Middle English seien; equivalent to with- + seien.

(law) to appeal, to contest the validity of a legal decision

(law) to challenge, to contest the validity of a claim or argument

(law) to disavow, to contest the validity of an oath


purgen

purgen (infinitive)
to purgen (infinitive)
purge (infinitive)
purge (first-person present singular)
purged (first-person past singular)
purgest (present second-person singular)
purgedest (past second-person singular)
purgeth (present singular third-person)
purged (past singular third-person)
purge (present singular subjunctive)
purged (past singular subjunctive)
purge (imperative present singular)
purgen (plural present)
purge (plural present)
purgeden (past plural)
purgede (past plural)
purgeth (imperative plural present)
purge (imperative plural present)
purgynge (participle present)
purgende (participle present)
purged (participle past)
ypurged (participle past)

English: purge

Scots: purge

Borrowed from Old French purgier, from Latin pūrgō.


wodegeld

English: woodgeld

From Old English *wudġeld, equivalent to wode + geld.


vexen

vexen (infinitive)
to vexen (infinitive)
vexe (infinitive)
vexe (first-person present singular)
vexed (first-person past singular)
vexest (present second-person singular)
vexedest (past second-person singular)
vexeth (present singular third-person)
vexed (past singular third-person)
vexe (present singular subjunctive)
vexed (past singular subjunctive)
vexe (imperative present singular)
vexen (plural present)
vexe (plural present)
vexeden (past plural)
vexede (past plural)
vexeth (imperative plural present)
vexe (imperative plural present)
vexynge (participle present)
vexende (participle present)
vexed (participle past)
yvexed (participle past)

English: vex

Scots: vex

From Old French vexer, from Latin vēxō, vēxāre.

(law) To bring legal action (against someone)


schire

English: shire
→ Icelandic: skíri

Scots: shire

From Old English sċīr (“shire”), from Proto-West Germanic *skīru. The final vowel is generalised from the Old English inflected forms.
Southeastern forms with /eː/ may be from the collateral Old English form sċȳr (with the local development of Old English /yː/ to /eː/).

(law) The shire court or one of its sessions.

An administrative division or region:
The shire court or one of its sessions.


syse

English: size

Scots: size

From Old French cise, sise. Compare assise.

(law) a court of assize; a regularly scheduled regional court

(law) a assize; a legal ruling or verdict


auctour

English: author

Scots: author

From Anglo-Norman autour, from Latin auctor.

(rare, law) A person who makes a legal accusation.


provisioun

English: provision

Scots: proveesion

Borrowed from Old French provision, from Latin prōvīsiōnem, accusative singular of prōvīsiō; equivalent to pro- + visioun.

(law) A legal provision or clause; a condition.


counte

English: county

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman counté, from Latin comitātus; equivalent to counte (“count”) + -te.


submissioun

English: submission

Borrowed from Old French soubmission, from Latin submissiō.

(law) Legal submission to the decisions of someone else.


answeren

enm-verb

answeren (third-person singular simple present answereth, present participle answerende, answerynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle answered)

answereth (present singular third-person)
answerende (participle present)
answerynge (participle present)
answered (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
answeren (infinitive)
to answeren (infinitive)
answere (infinitive)
answere (first-person present singular)
answered (first-person past singular)
answerde (first-person past singular)
answerest (present second-person singular)
answeredest (past second-person singular)
answerdest (past second-person singular)
answereth (present singular third-person)
answered (past singular third-person)
answerde (past singular third-person)
answere (present singular subjunctive)
answered (past singular subjunctive)
answerde (past singular subjunctive)
answere (imperative present singular)
answeren (plural present)
answere (plural present)
answereden (past plural)
answerede (past plural)
answerden (past plural)
answerde (past plural)
answereth (imperative plural present)
answere (imperative plural present)
answerynge (participle present)
answerende (participle present)
answered (participle past)
answerd (participle past)
yanswered (participle past)
yanswerd (participle past)

English: answer

Scots: answer

From Old English andswerian (from Proto-Germanic *andaswarjaną) and Old English andswarian (from Proto-Germanic *andaswarōną); equivalent to and- + swaren or answere + -en (infinitival suffix).

To answer or respond; to offer a response:

(especially law) To provide an explanation; to justify or refute.


recoveren

recoveren (infinitive)
to recoveren (infinitive)
recovere (infinitive)
recovere (first-person present singular)
recovered (first-person past singular)
recoverest (present second-person singular)
recoveredest (past second-person singular)
recovereth (present singular third-person)
recovered (past singular third-person)
recovere (present singular subjunctive)
recovered (past singular subjunctive)
recovere (imperative present singular)
recoveren (plural present)
recovere (plural present)
recovereden (past plural)
recoverede (past plural)
recovereth (imperative plural present)
recovere (imperative plural present)
recoverynge (participle present)
recoverende (participle present)
recovered (participle past)
yrecovered (participle past)

English: recover

From Anglo-Norman recoverer, from Latin recuperō, from earlier reciperō; equivalent to re- + coveren (“to recover”).

To get back; to recover possession or use of (a faculty, power, territory, member, etc.):

(law) To be compensated for damages or have something restored.


cassen

cassen (infinitive)
to cassen (infinitive)
casse (infinitive)
casse (first-person present singular)
cassed (first-person past singular)
cassest (present second-person singular)
cassedest (past second-person singular)
casseth (present singular third-person)
cassed (past singular third-person)
casse (present singular subjunctive)
cassed (past singular subjunctive)
casse (imperative present singular)
cassen (plural present)
casse (plural present)
casseden (past plural)
cassede (past plural)
casseth (imperative plural present)
casse (imperative plural present)
cassynge (participle present)
cassende (participle present)
cassed (participle past)
ycassed (participle past)

English: cass (obsolete)

From Old French casser, from Latin cassō.

(law, rare, Late Middle English) To render useless or void; to annul; to shut down.


dampnacioun

English: damnation

From Old French dampnacion, from Latin damnatio; equivalent to dampnen + -acioun.


dampnynge

English: damning


condempnen

condempnen (third-person singular simple present condempneth, present participle condempnende, condempnynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle condempned)

condempneth (present singular third-person)
condempnende (participle present)
condempnynge (participle present)
condempned (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
condempnen (infinitive)
to condempnen (infinitive)
condempne (infinitive)
condempne (first-person present singular)
condempned (first-person past singular)
condempe (first-person past singular)
condempnest (present second-person singular)
condempnedest (past second-person singular)
condempest (past second-person singular)
condempneth (present singular third-person)
condempned (past singular third-person)
condempe (past singular third-person)
condempne (present singular subjunctive)
condempned (past singular subjunctive)
condempe (past singular subjunctive)
condempne (imperative present singular)
condempnen (plural present)
condempne (plural present)
condempneden (past plural)
condempnede (past plural)
condempen (past plural)
condempe (past plural)
condempneth (imperative plural present)
condempne (imperative plural present)
condempnynge (participle present)
condempnende (participle present)
condempned (participle past)
condemp (participle past)
ycondempned (participle past)
ycondemp (participle past)

English: condemn

Borrowed from Old French condamner, from Latin condemnō; compare dampnen.

(law) to charge as guilty; to effect punishment.


condempnacioun

English: condemnation

From Latin condemnātiō, condemnātiōnem; equivalent to condempnen + -acioun.


vexacioun

English: vexation

from Old French vexacion, from Latin vexātiō; equivalent to vexen + -acioun.


noysaunce

English: nuisance

→ Scots: nuisance

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman nusaunce and Old French nuisance.

(law) Anything harmful or offensive to the community.


affermen

affermen (infinitive)
to affermen (infinitive)
afferme (infinitive)
afferme (first-person present singular)
affermed (first-person past singular)
affermest (present second-person singular)
affermedest (past second-person singular)
affermeth (present singular third-person)
affermed (past singular third-person)
afferme (present singular subjunctive)
affermed (past singular subjunctive)
afferme (imperative present singular)
affermen (plural present)
afferme (plural present)
affermeden (past plural)
affermede (past plural)
affermeth (imperative plural present)
afferme (imperative plural present)
affermynge (participle present)
affermende (participle present)
affermed (participle past)

English: affirm

Borrowed from Old French afermer, from Latin affirmō; equivalent to a- + fermen.


eschete

English: escheat

/ɛsˈt͡ʃɛːt(ə)/

Borrowed from Old French escheoit m, escheoite f, past participle of escheoir (“to fall”). Compare escheten and achete.

(rare, law) A writ for the escheat of a given property.


avourie

English: avowry, advowry

Borrowed from Old French avoerie, avouerie, from avoer (“avow”), from Latin advocō (“call, console”).

(law) acknowledgment (as of a child, of property)

(law) avowry (act of justifying distraint)


countour

English: counter, compter

Scots: counter, coonter

Borrowed from Old French conteor and Middle French contoir; equivalent to counte (“computation”) + -our.


remitten

English: remit

(transitive, law) to restore (someone) to a title