swengen

swengen (third-person singular simple present swengeth, present participle swengende, swengynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle swenged)

swengeth (present singular third-person)
swengende (participle present)
swengynge (participle present)
swenged (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
swengen (infinitive)
to swengen (infinitive)
swenge (infinitive)
swenge (first-person present singular)
sweynde (first-person past singular)
swenged (first-person past singular)
swengest (present second-person singular)
sweyndest (past second-person singular)
swengedest (past second-person singular)
swengeth (present singular third-person)
sweynde (past singular third-person)
swenged (past singular third-person)
swenge (present singular subjunctive)
sweynde (past singular subjunctive)
swenged (past singular subjunctive)
swenge (imperative present singular)
swengen (plural present)
swenge (plural present)
sweynden (past plural)
sweynde (past plural)
swengeden (past plural)
swengede (past plural)
swengeth (imperative plural present)
swenge (imperative plural present)
swengynge (participle present)
swengende (participle present)
sweynd (participle past)
swenged (participle past)
ysweynd (participle past)
yswenged (participle past)
swengyn (alternative)
suenge (alternative Northern)

English: swinge

Scots: swinge, sweenge, swunge

Yola: swinged (preterite)

From Old English swenġan, from Proto-West Germanic *swangijan (“to cause to swing”). Equivalent to sweng + -en (infinitival suffix). Compare swyngen.


creaunce

English: creance

Borrowed from Old French creance (earlier credance), from Latin crēdentia. Doublet of credence.

creance (alternative)
creauns (alternative)
creawnce (alternative)


sclise

English: slice

Scots: sclice

Borrowed from Old French esclice, from esclicier.

sclice (alternative)
sclys (alternative)
sclyse (alternative)
sklice (alternative)
sklisce (alternative)
sklyce (alternative)
sklys (alternative)
sklyse (alternative)
slyce (alternative)
slyse (alternative)


wasshen

wasshen (infinitive)
to wasshen (infinitive)
wasshe (infinitive)
wasshe (first-person present singular)
wessh (first-person past singular)
wossh (first-person past singular)
wasshest (present second-person singular)
wesshe (past second-person singular)
wosshe (past second-person singular)
wessh (past second-person singular)
wossh (past second-person singular)
wassheth (present singular third-person)
wessh (past singular third-person)
wossh (past singular third-person)
wasshe (present singular subjunctive)
wesshe (past singular subjunctive)
wosshe (past singular subjunctive)
wasshe (imperative present singular)
wasshen (plural present)
wasshe (plural present)
wesshen (past plural)
wesshe (past plural)
wosshen (past plural)
wosshe (past plural)
wassheth (imperative plural present)
wasshe (imperative plural present)
wasshynge (participle present)
wasshende (participle present)
wasshen (participle past)
wasshe (participle past)
ywasshe (participle past)
wasch (alternative)
wasche (alternative)
waschen (alternative)
waschsche (alternative)
washe (alternative)
washen (alternative)
wasse (alternative)
wasschen (alternative)
wasshe (alternative)
weschen (alternative)
waischen (alternative)
waissche (alternative)
waisshen (alternative)
wayschen (alternative)
whasche (alternative)
whaschen (alternative)

English: wash
→ Swazi: washa

Scots: wash, wesh

From Old English wascan, from Proto-West Germanic *waskan, from Proto-Germanic *waskaną.

[⁊ of iheſu criſt] þat is a feiþful witneſſe .· þe firſte bigeten of deed men · ⁊ pꝛynce of kyngis of þe erþe / which louyde vs / ⁊ waiſchide vs fro oure ſynnes in his blood[…]

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 1:5, page 117v; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

[of Jesus Christ,] / who is a reliable witness, the firstborn of the dead, and sovereign over the rulers of the Earth, who loved us and cleansed us from our sins with his blood […]

(religion) To cleanse (e.g. from sin or disease).


servyle

English: servile

Borrowed from Old French servil, servile, from Latin servīlis; equivalent to serven + -yle.

servile (alternative)
servyl (alternative)
servylle (alternative)


servisable

English: serviceable

Borrowed from Old French servisable; equivalent to servise + -able. Compare serviable.

cervyciable (alternative)
servesabill (alternative)
servicable (alternative)
serviceable (alternative)
serviciable (alternative)
servisabul (alternative)
servisabylle (alternative)
servyciable (alternative)
servysabill (alternative)
servysable (alternative)
servyseable (alternative)
servysiabylle (alternative)


roundell

And songen all the roundell lustely

1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Knyghtes Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC:

(music) roundel: a roundelay or rondelay


mayle

mayles (plural)
mail (alternative)
maile (alternative)
maille (alternative)
male (alternative)
mayl (alternative)
mayll (alternative)
maylle (alternative)
meile (alternative)

English: mail

Scots: mail

Borrowed from Old French maille, from Latin macula. Doublet of macula.

(falconry, rare) The chest plumage of an adult hawk.


burdoun

→ English: bourdon

Middle Scots: burdoun

Borrowed from Old French bordon, from Medieval Latin burdō, burdōnem (“pilgrim's staff”).

der

bordon (alternative)
bordun (alternative)
bourdon (alternative)
burdon (alternative)
burdone (alternative)
burdown (alternative)


burdoun

English: burden, bourdon

→ Irish: burdún

Borrowed from Old French bordon, from Medieval Latin burdō, burdōnem (“drone”).

bordoun (alternative)
burdon (alternative)
burdowne (alternative)

(music) An undersong or accompaniment (typically low in pitch).


saveour

English: savior, saviour; Savior, Saviour

Scots: saviour; Saviour

Borrowed from Old French sauveor, salveor, from Latin salvātor; equivalent to saven + -our. Doublet of salvatour.

safeoure (alternative)
salveour (alternative)
sauveor (alternative)
sauveour (alternative)
sauveur (alternative)
saveor (alternative)
saveoure (alternative)
saveur (alternative)
savior (alternative)
saviur (alternative)
savyore (alternative)
savyouer (alternative)
savyour (alternative)
savyoure (alternative)
savyowre (alternative)
sawiowre (alternative)
salver (alternative contracted)
sauver (alternative contracted)
sauvour (alternative contracted)
savare (alternative contracted)
saver (alternative contracted)
savere (alternative contracted)
savour (alternative contracted)

(theology) A salvific religious figure, especially Jesus.


hastelet

hastelettes (plural)
hasselet (alternative)
hastlet (alternative)
hastolet (alternative)

desc

English: haslet, acelet, harslet, hasslet

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman hastilet (compare continental Old French hastelet, modern Norman hâtelet), diminutive of haste (“spear, spit, roast meat”).

(hunting, in the plural) One of thirty-two choice parts of a boar for roasting.


dryenesse

dryenesses (plural)
dreyenesse (alternative)
dreynesse (alternative)
drienes (alternative)
drienesse (alternative)
drines (alternative)
drinesse (alternative)
druyenesse (alternative)
druynes (alternative)
drynes (alternative)
drynesse (alternative)
drynez (alternative)
drynesch (alternative)

English: dryness

(religion) A lack of motivation or inspiration.


vermyn

vermyns (plural)
vermayne (alternative)
vermine (alternative)
vermyne (alternative)

English: vermin, varmint

Scots: vermin, vermil

Borrowed from Old French vermin, vermine, from Vulgar Latin *verminum.

(hunting, often collective) Worthless or unwanted quarry.


ricchen

enm-verb

ricchen (third-person singular simple present riccheth, present participle ricchende, ricchynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle ricched)

riccheth (present singular third-person)
ricchende (participle present)
ricchynge (participle present)
ricched (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
ricchen (infinitive)
to ricchen (infinitive)
ricche (infinitive)
ricche (first-person present singular)
ricched (first-person past singular)
ricchest (present second-person singular)
ricchedest (past second-person singular)
riccheth (present singular third-person)
ricched (past singular third-person)
ricche (present singular subjunctive)
ricched (past singular subjunctive)
ricche (imperative present singular)
ricchen (plural present)
ricche (plural present)
riccheden (past plural)
ricchede (past plural)
riccheth (imperative plural present)
ricche (imperative plural present)
ricchynge (participle present)
ricchende (participle present)
ricched (participle past)
yricched (participle past)
riche (alternative)
ruchchen (alternative)
ruchen (alternative)
rycchen (alternative)
rychen (alternative)

Apparently inherited from Old English *ryċċan, from Proto-West Germanic *rukkijan, from Proto-Germanic *rukkijaną. Compare rokken.


fulnesse

English: fullness, fulness

Inherited from Old English fulnes, fylnes; equivalent to ful (“full”) + -nesse.

fullenesse (alternative)
fullnes (alternative)
volnes (alternative)
volnesse (alternative)

(especially theology) Totality, entirety; the whole of something.


wyfles

English: wifeless, wiveless

Yola: wooveless

Either from Old English wīflēas or a new formation from wyf (“wife”) + -les.

wiflees (alternative)
wifles (alternative)
wijfeles (alternative)
wyflees (alternative)
wyveles (alternative)
wyyfles (alternative)


housles

English: houseless

Possibly from an Old English *hūslēas, from Proto-West Germanic *hūsalaus, from Proto-Germanic *hūsalausaz.
Alternatively, this word may have been formed anew, possibly as a calque of Old Norse húslauss or Middle Dutch huusloos; in any case, equivalent to hous + -les.

houseles (alternative)
houselesse (alternative)
houslese (alternative)
howsles (alternative)


genge

English: ging (obsolete)

Middle Scots: ging

Inherited from Old English genge (“band”), from Proto-Germanic *gangiją, possibly through Old Norse gengi.

inh+

geng (alternative)
ging (alternative)
gyng (alternative)
gynge (alternative)

(biblical) The pagan nations; the Gentiles.


avourie

avouries (plural)
avouerie (alternative)
avowerie (alternative)
avoerie (alternative)
advourie (alternative)

English: avowry, advowry

Borrowed from Old French avoerie, avouerie, from avoer (“avow”), from Latin advocō (“call, console”).


blisse

enm-noun

blisse (plural blisses or (early) blissen)

blisses (plural)
blissen (plural)
blesse (alternative)
blice (alternative)
blisce (alternative)
blis (alternative)
blise (alternative)
blys (alternative)
blyss (alternative)
blysse (alternative)

English: bliss

Scots: bliss

From Old English blīds, blīss (“joy”) from Proto-West Germanic *blīþisi. The final vowel is generalised from the Old English oblique forms.

Bliss, joy; the state of being happy:
(theology) Heavenly joy or splendor.

Bliss, joy; the state of being happy:
Heavenly joy or splendor.


suffisen

enm-verb

suffisen (third-person singular simple present suffiseth, present participle suffisende, suffisynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle suffised)

suffiseth (present singular third-person)
suffisende (participle present)
suffisynge (participle present)
suffised (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
suffisen (infinitive)
to suffisen (infinitive)
suffise (infinitive)
suffise (first-person present singular)
suffised (first-person past singular)
suffisest (present second-person singular)
suffisedest (past second-person singular)
suffiseth (present singular third-person)
suffised (past singular third-person)
suffise (present singular subjunctive)
suffised (past singular subjunctive)
suffise (imperative present singular)
suffisen (plural present)
suffise (plural present)
suffiseden (past plural)
suffisede (past plural)
suffiseth (imperative plural present)
suffise (imperative plural present)
suffisynge (participle present)
suffisende (participle present)
suffised (participle past)
ysuffised (participle past)
suffise (alternative)
sufficen (alternative)
suffice (alternative)
suffysen (alternative)
suffycen (alternative)
souffise (alternative)
souffice (alternative)
suffichen (alternative)
suffischen (alternative)
suffycyn (alternative)
suffyzyn (alternative)
soffyce (alternative)
sofysyn (alternative)
soffysse (alternative)
suffysse (alternative)

English: suffice

From Middle French souffire and Anglo-Norman suffiser, sufficer, from Old French sofire, from Latin sufficiō (“to supply, be adequate”), from sub (“under”) + faciō (“do, make”).

der

(intransitive with for, theology) to atone for, to redeem the sins of (someone)


Iair

English: Jair

Scots: Jair

From Old English Iāirus, from Latin Iaīrus, from Ancient Greek Ἰάϊρος (Iáïros), from Biblical Hebrew יָאִיר (yāʾîr, literally “he will light up”)


swepen

enm-verb

swepen (third-person singular simple present swepeth, present participle swepynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative swepte, past participle swept)

swepeth (present singular third-person)
swepynge (participle present)
swepte (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
swept (participle past)
swepen (infinitive)
to swepen (infinitive)
swepe (infinitive)
swepe (first-person present singular)
swepte (first-person past singular)
sweped (first-person past singular)
swepest (present second-person singular)
sweptest (past second-person singular)
swepedest (past second-person singular)
swepeth (present singular third-person)
swepte (past singular third-person)
sweped (past singular third-person)
swepe (present singular subjunctive)
swepte (past singular subjunctive)
sweped (past singular subjunctive)
swepe (imperative present singular)
swepen (plural present)
swepe (plural present)
swepten (past plural)
swepte (past plural)
swepeden (past plural)
swepede (past plural)
swepeth (imperative plural present)
swepe (imperative plural present)
swepynge (participle present)
swepende (participle present)
swept (participle past)
sweped (participle past)
yswept (participle past)
ysweped (participle past)
sweepe (alternative)
swepe (alternative)

English: sweep

Scots: sweep

Not known before the 14th century, but usually considered to be from Anglian Old English *swēpan (West Saxon *swǣpan), from Proto-West Germanic *swaipijan, from Proto-Germanic *swaipijaną.
Derivation from Old English swipian (with open-syllable lengthening) or swēop, past participle of swāpan is also possible; these sources may have reinforced a rare *swēpan.

(transitive, religion) To cleanse or purge evil influences.


swippen

swippen (third-person singular simple present swippeth, present participle swippynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative swipte, past participle swipt)

swippeth (present singular third-person)
swippynge (participle present)
swipte (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
swipt (participle past)
swippen (infinitive)
to swippen (infinitive)
swippe (infinitive)
swippe (first-person present singular)
swipte (first-person past singular)
swippest (present second-person singular)
swiptest (past second-person singular)
swippeth (present singular third-person)
swipte (past singular third-person)
swippe (present singular subjunctive)
swipte (past singular subjunctive)
swippe (imperative present singular)
swippen (plural present)
swippe (plural present)
swipten (past plural)
swipte (past plural)
swippeth (imperative plural present)
swippe (imperative plural present)
swippynge (participle present)
swippende (participle present)
swipt (participle past)
yswipt (participle past)
swype (alternative)

English: swip

>? English: swipe

Scots: soop

Inherited from Old English swipian, from Proto-West Germanic *swippjan; compare swepen and swopen.

(transitive, religion) To move with haste; to speed.


shev

(glassblowing) A fourteenth-century unit of glass.


scornen

scornen (third-person singular simple present scorneth, present participle scornende, scornynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle scorned)

scorneth (present singular third-person)
scornende (participle present)
scornynge (participle present)
scorned (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
scornen (infinitive)
to scornen (infinitive)
scorne (infinitive)
scorne (first-person present singular)
scorned (first-person past singular)
scornest (present second-person singular)
scornedest (past second-person singular)
scorneth (present singular third-person)
scorned (past singular third-person)
scorne (present singular subjunctive)
scorned (past singular subjunctive)
scorne (imperative present singular)
scornen (plural present)
scorne (plural present)
scorneden (past plural)
scornede (past plural)
scorneth (imperative plural present)
scorne (imperative plural present)
scornynge (participle present)
scornende (participle present)
scorned (participle past)
yscorned (participle past)
schorne (alternative)
schornyn (alternative)
scorn (alternative)
scorne (alternative)
skorne (alternative)
skornyn (alternative)
scorni (alternative Kent)
skorny (alternative Southern)
skarnenn (alternative Ormulum)

English: scorn

Middle Scots: scorn, scorne

Scots: scorn, scoarn

Ancrene Wisse
Clarendon Press
Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch
Oxford
trisyllabic shortening

Borrowed from Old Northern French escarnir and central Old French escharnir, from Late Latin *scarnīre, *scernīre, of disputed origin.
Notes on vocalism
While the vocalism in -o- has been considered "not easy to account for", "not satisfyingly explained", and "obscure", it is probably because the word was borrowed with medial /-ɑːrn-/ (as implied by Orm's skarnenn and early forms of the noun scorn with -a-) before the Early Middle English raising of /ɑː/ to /ɔː/ and then participated in it when it occurred. Early Modern orthoepists usually give the reflex of Middle English short /ɔ/ in this word, but that could be from later shortening before /rn/ or due to the analogy of scornere (with trisyllabic shortening) or scornful(ly) (with shortening before three consecutive consonants); similarly, Northern Middle English (and thus Scots and modern Northern English dialectal) forms with -o- can be explained as borrowings from more southerly dialects. In any case, the existence of pronunciations with /ɔː/ is confirmed by the form scoarnes in the Ancrene Wisse.

bor+

To abuse or mistreat; to behave badly towards:


comunalte

English: commonalty

desc

Middle Scots: commonatie, communate; commonaltye, commouneltie

remodelled after initial-stress variants of comun

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman comunalte, comunaute, probably from an alteration of communité, from Latin commūnitās; by surface analysis, comunal + -te. Compare comunalite.

communalte (alternative)
communaute (alternative)
comminalte (alternative Late-Middle-English)
cominalte (alternative Late-Middle-English)
commalte (alternative Late-Middle-English)
comnalte (alternative Late-Middle-English)
comonalte (alternative Late-Middle-English)
comynalte (alternative Late-Middle-English)
comownate (alternative)
comwnawte (alternative)

(Christianity, theology, rare) The communion of saints; the body of Christian believers.