dissimulen

enm-verb

dissimulen (third-person singular simple present dissimuleth, present participle dissimulende, dissimulynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle dissimuled)

dissimuleth (present singular third-person)
dissimulende (participle present)
dissimulynge (participle present)
dissimuled (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
dissimulen (infinitive)
to dissimulen (infinitive)
dissimule (infinitive)
dissimule (first-person present singular)
dissimuled (first-person past singular)
dissimulest (present second-person singular)
dissimuledest (past second-person singular)
dissimuleth (present singular third-person)
dissimuled (past singular third-person)
dissimule (present singular subjunctive)
dissimuled (past singular subjunctive)
dissimule (imperative present singular)
dissimulen (plural present)
dissimule (plural present)
dissimuleden (past plural)
dissimulede (past plural)
dissimuleth (imperative plural present)
dissimule (imperative plural present)
dissimulynge (participle present)
dissimulende (participle present)
dissimuled (participle past)
dissimile (alternative)
dissimule (alternative)
dissymule (alternative)
dyssymule (alternative)

English: dissimule (obsolete)

⇒ English: dissemble

Borrowed from Middle French dissimuler, from Latin dissimulō; equivalent to dis- + symulen.

To dissemble; to be deceptive or dishonest.

A iangler is to god abhomynable / Rede Salomon, ſo wyſe and honourable / Rede Dauid in his pſalmes, rede Senecke / My ſonne ſpeke not, ne wyth thy heed becke / Diſſimule as thou were deefe, if ẏ thou here / The ianglour ſpeketh of perlous matere

1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Manciples Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC, folio c, verso:

A gossiper abominable is to God. Read Solomon, who is so wise and honourable. Read David's Psalms. Son, speak not, just bow your head and pretend that you are deaf if a gossip begins to speak to you about something dangerous.

To neglect; to fail to pay attention (to something).

While he dissymelide [Vulgate: Dissimulante], thei token his hond, and the hond of his wijf, and of his twey doutris; for the Lord sparide hym.

c. 1382–1395, John Wycliffe [et al.], edited by Josiah Forshall and Frederic Madden, The Holy Bible, […], volume I, Oxford: At the University Press, published 1850, →OCLC, Genesis XIX:16, page 113, column 2:

[KJV]: And while he lingered, the men laid hold upon his hand, and upon the hand of his wife, and upon the hand of his two daughters; the Lord being merciful unto him:


sugren

sugren (infinitive)
to sugren (infinitive)
sugre (infinitive)
sugre (first-person present singular)
sugred (first-person past singular)
sugrest (present second-person singular)
sugredest (past second-person singular)
sugreth (present singular third-person)
sugred (past singular third-person)
sugre (present singular subjunctive)
sugred (past singular subjunctive)
sugre (imperative present singular)
sugren (plural present)
sugre (plural present)
sugreden (past plural)
sugrede (past plural)
sugreth (imperative plural present)
sugre (imperative plural present)
sugrynge (participle present)
sugrende (participle present)
sugred (participle past)
ysugred (participle past)
socoure (alternative)
suguren (alternative)

English: sugar

Scots: succar

To reduce one's pains or problems; to lessen pain.

To make something seem attractive or enticing, often dishonestly.

To endear; to make one liked or received well.

(rare) To make something strong and pleasant to the senses.

(rare) To sweeten; to add sugar to something.


nappynge

Inherited from Old English hnappung; equivalent to nappen + -ing.

napping (alternative)
nappinge (alternative)
nappyng (alternative)
nappunge (alternative Early-Middle-English)


napyn

napyn (infinitive)
to napyn (infinitive)
nape (infinitive)
nape (first-person present singular)
naped (first-person past singular)
napest (present second-person singular)
napedest (past second-person singular)
napeth (present singular third-person)
naped (past singular third-person)
nape (present singular subjunctive)
naped (past singular subjunctive)
nape (imperative present singular)
napen (plural present)
nape (plural present)
napeden (past plural)
napede (past plural)
napeth (imperative plural present)
nape (imperative plural present)
napynge (participle present)
napende (participle present)
naped (participle past)
ynaped (participle past)
nape (alternative)
nawpe (alternative)

From nape (“nape”) + -en (infinitival suffix).


clevyen

(West Midlands) alternative form of cleven (“to stick”)


cleovien

(Early Middle English, Southern or south West Midlands) alternative form of cleven (“to stick”)


scherynge

schering (alternative)
scheringe (alternative)
scheryng (alternative)
scheryngge (alternative)
sheryng (alternative)
sherynge (alternative)


schæren

(Early Middle English) alternative form of scheren


hostelen

enm-verb

hostelen (third-person singular simple present hosteleth, present participle hostelende, hostelynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle hosteled)

hosteleth (present singular third-person)
hostelende (participle present)
hostelynge (participle present)
hosteled (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
hostelen (infinitive)
to hostelen (infinitive)
hostele (infinitive)
hostele (first-person present singular)
hosteled (first-person past singular)
hostelest (present second-person singular)
hosteledest (past second-person singular)
hosteleth (present singular third-person)
hosteled (past singular third-person)
hostele (present singular subjunctive)
hosteled (past singular subjunctive)
hostele (imperative present singular)
hostelen (plural present)
hostele (plural present)
hosteleden (past plural)
hostelede (past plural)
hosteleth (imperative plural present)
hostele (imperative plural present)
hostelynge (participle present)
hostelende (participle present)
hosteled (participle past)
yhosteled (participle past)
hostel (alternative)

From Old French hosteler, osteler; equivalent to hostel + -en (infinitival suffix).

(rare) To provide or use accommodation; to lodge.


jorneyen

jorneyen (infinitive)
to jorneyen (infinitive)
jorneye (infinitive)
jorneye (first-person present singular)
jorneyed (first-person past singular)
jorneyest (present second-person singular)
jorneyedest (past second-person singular)
jorneyeth (present singular third-person)
jorneyed (past singular third-person)
jorneye (present singular subjunctive)
jorneyed (past singular subjunctive)
jorneye (imperative present singular)
jorneyen (plural present)
jorneye (plural present)
jorneyeden (past plural)
jorneyede (past plural)
jorneyeth (imperative plural present)
jorneye (imperative plural present)
jorneyynge (participle present)
jorneyende (participle present)
jorneyed (participle past)
yjorneyed (participle past)
jornay (alternative)
jornaye (alternative)
jorney (alternative)
jurnay (alternative)

English: journey

Scots: jurney

From Old French jornoiier; equivalent to journe + -en (infinitival).

(Late Middle English) To journey; to travel.

(Late Middle English) To make a round as a judge of a circuit court


ridæn

(Early Middle English) alternative form of riden


pathen

pathen (infinitive)
to pathen (infinitive)
pathe (infinitive)
pathe (first-person present singular)
pathed (first-person past singular)
pathest (present second-person singular)
pathedest (past second-person singular)
patheth (present singular third-person)
pathed (past singular third-person)
pathe (present singular subjunctive)
pathed (past singular subjunctive)
pathe (imperative present singular)
pathen (plural present)
pathe (plural present)
patheden (past plural)
pathede (past plural)
patheth (imperative plural present)
pathe (imperative plural present)
pathynge (participle present)
pathende (participle present)
pathed (participle past)
ypathed (participle past)
path (alternative)

English: path

Scots: paith

(Late Middle English, rare) To pave; to seal.


pathynge

pathinge (alternative)
pathyng (alternative)


mounten

mounten (infinitive)
to mounten (infinitive)
mounte (infinitive)
mounte (first-person present singular)
mounted (first-person past singular)
mountest (present second-person singular)
mountedest (past second-person singular)
mounteth (present singular third-person)
mounted (past singular third-person)
mounte (present singular subjunctive)
mounted (past singular subjunctive)
mounte (imperative present singular)
mounten (plural present)
mounte (plural present)
mounteden (past plural)
mountede (past plural)
mounteth (imperative plural present)
mounte (imperative plural present)
mountynge (participle present)
mountende (participle present)
mounted (participle past)
ymounted (participle past)
mounte (alternative)
mownte (alternative)
mountyn (alternative)
munt (alternative)

English: mount

Scots: munt

From Anglo-Norman munter, from Vulgar Latin *montāre; equivalent to mount + -en (infinitival suffix).

To go, travel or rise upwards; to begin ascension.

To climb atop a mount; to bestride or begin to ride.

(rare) To raise or elevate; to lift up or advocate

(rare) To thrive; to grow or become greater in number.

(rare, Late Middle English) To amount to; to be of a certain value.


reysynge

raising (alternative)
raysynge (alternative)
reisinge (alternative)
reisynge (alternative)
reysing (alternative)


perchyn

perchyn (infinitive)
to perchyn (infinitive)
perche (infinitive)
perche (first-person present singular)
perched (first-person past singular)
perchest (present second-person singular)
perchedest (past second-person singular)
percheth (present singular third-person)
perched (past singular third-person)
perche (present singular subjunctive)
perched (past singular subjunctive)
perche (imperative present singular)
perchen (plural present)
perche (plural present)
percheden (past plural)
perchede (past plural)
percheth (imperative plural present)
perche (imperative plural present)
perchynge (participle present)
perchende (participle present)
perched (participle past)
yperched (participle past)

English: perch

Borrowed from Old French perchier, equivalent to perch + -en (infinitival suffix).


rostynge

roosting (alternative)
roostynge (alternative)
rosting (alternative)
rostyng (alternative)


slyngynge

slynginge (alternative)
slyngyng (alternative)


reysen

reysen (third-person singular simple present reyseth, present participle reysende, reysynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle reysed)

reyseth (present singular third-person)
reysende (participle present)
reysynge (participle present)
reysed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
reysen (infinitive)
to reysen (infinitive)
reyse (infinitive)
reyse (first-person present singular)
reysed (first-person past singular)
reysest (present second-person singular)
reysedest (past second-person singular)
reyseth (present singular third-person)
reysed (past singular third-person)
reyse (present singular subjunctive)
reysed (past singular subjunctive)
reyse (imperative present singular)
reysen (plural present)
reyse (plural present)
reyseden (past plural)
reysede (past plural)
reyseth (imperative plural present)
reyse (imperative plural present)
reysynge (participle present)
reysende (participle present)
reysed (participle past)
yreysed (participle past)
reycen (alternative)

English: reyse

Probably from Middle Dutch reisen, resen (compare Old English rāsian (“to explore”)), from Proto-West Germanic *raisōn; equivalent to reys (“journey”) + -en (infinitival suffix).

af

In Lettow hadde he reysed, and in Ruce...

a. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “Prologue”, in The Canterbury Tales:

To enter into service for a foreign military campaign.


reysen

reyseth (present singular third-person)
reysende (participle present)
reysynge (participle present)
reysed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
reysen (infinitive)
to reysen (infinitive)
reyse (infinitive)
reyse (first-person present singular)
reysed (first-person past singular)
reysest (present second-person singular)
reysedest (past second-person singular)
reyseth (present singular third-person)
reysed (past singular third-person)
reyse (present singular subjunctive)
reysed (past singular subjunctive)
reyse (imperative present singular)
reysen (plural present)
reyse (plural present)
reyseden (past plural)
reysede (past plural)
reyseth (imperative plural present)
reyse (imperative plural present)
reysynge (participle present)
reysende (participle present)
reysed (participle past)
yreysed (participle past)
rais (alternative)
raisen (alternative)
rayse (alternative)
raysen (alternative)
reise (alternative)
reisen (alternative)
rese (alternative)
reyse (alternative)
reysyn (alternative)
reȝȝsenn (alternative Ormulum)

English: raise

Scots: rais, rase, raise

Borrowed from Old Norse reisa, from Proto-Germanic *raisijaną, *raizijaną. Doublet of reren.

and iheſus reiſide him ſelf .· ⁊ ſeide to hir / womman where ben þei þat accuſiden þee .·? no man haþ dampned þee .·?

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Joon 8:10, page 49r, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

And Jesus raised himself, and said to her: "Woman, where are those who ostracised you? Has nobody ostracised you?"

To raise; to hold up or suspend upwards:

To cause to stand up; to induce to rise.

(Late Middle English) To extract or pull out; to cause something to exit.

To ready or prepare; to activate or equip for use.

To create or ready something:
To start or cause; to endow or grant.

þerfoꝛ the iewis ſeiden to hym / in fourti ⁊ ſixe ȝeer þis temple was bildid .· ⁊ ſchalt þou in þꝛe daies reiſe it .·?

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Joon 2:20, page 45r, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

Then the Jews said to him: "This temple was built in forty-six years, and you want to rebuild it in three days?"

To (re)build or construct; to make or create.

To create or ready something:
To summon an occult or demonic force.

To spiritually improve or wake; to draw spiritual attention.

Forr he ras o þehhtennde daȝȝ / To reȝȝsenn uss off sinne

For he rose on the eighth day / to cleanse us of sin

To release from negative emotions, thoughts, or beliefs; to banish iniquity.

foꝛ as þe fadir reiſiþ deed men ⁊ quykeneþ .· ſo þe ſone quykeneþ whom he wole

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Joon 5:21, page 47r, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

Just like the father raises the dead and revives them, the son revives who he wants.

To resurrect; to cause to come back from the dead.

To encourage, popularise or spread; to enhance or extol:

To motivate; to spread inspiration or encouragement.

To improve someone's reputation or glory; to extol the virtues of someone.

To embolden; to instil pridefulness or boastfulness in someone.

To levy or request taxes; to charge fees or bills.

To request or requisition:
To levy men; to raise troops or forces.

To rile; to spread discontent or turmoil.


reȝȝsenn

(Ormulum) alternative form of reysen (“to raise”)


reycen

alternative form of reysen (“to travel”)


reren

reren (infinitive)
to reren (infinitive)
rere (infinitive)
rere (first-person present singular)
rered (first-person past singular)
rerest (present second-person singular)
reredest (past second-person singular)
rereth (present singular third-person)
rered (past singular third-person)
rere (present singular subjunctive)
rered (past singular subjunctive)
rere (imperative present singular)
reren (plural present)
rere (plural present)
rereden (past plural)
rerede (past plural)
rereth (imperative plural present)
rere (imperative plural present)
rerynge (participle present)
rerende (participle present)
rered (participle past)
yrered (participle past)
rere (alternative)
ræren (alternative)
reare (alternative)
reryn (alternative)

English: rear

Scots: rere, reir

From Old English rǣran, from Proto-West Germanic *raiʀijan, from Proto-Germanic *raisijaną, *raizijaną. Doublet of reysen.

To raise; to hold or pull up or suspend upwards:

To extend, originate from or stretch above; to poke out.

To raise or take away or up; to pull or stretch off.

To construct or make; to cause the construction of something:

To ready or prepare; to activate or equip for use.

To raise or rear creatures or offspring; to mother or father.

To begin or start; to enter into an action or endeavour.

To found or ordain a polity or establishment; to reemphasise obligations.

To collect money, taxes or fines; to enforce taxation.

To call up or draft soldiers; to form an army.

To encourage, popularise or spread; to enhance or extol.

To help or aid; to nurse, heal or make hale.

To unfurl a symboled piece of fabric or a standard.


reren

reren (infinitive)
to reren (infinitive)
rere (infinitive)
rere (first-person present singular)
rered (first-person past singular)
rerest (present second-person singular)
reredest (past second-person singular)
rereth (present singular third-person)
rered (past singular third-person)
rere (present singular subjunctive)
rered (past singular subjunctive)
rere (imperative present singular)
reren (plural present)
rere (plural present)
rereden (past plural)
rerede (past plural)
rereth (imperative plural present)
rere (imperative plural present)
rerynge (participle present)
rerende (participle present)
rered (participle past)
yrered (participle past)
rere (alternative)

English: rear

From Old English hrēran, from Proto-West Germanic *hrōʀijan, from Proto-Germanic *hrōzijaną.

To rile; to cause a disturbance or commotion; to spread discontent or turmoil.

To inspire or motivate; to foment towards a cause.

To cause to wake up; to enliven, rejuvenate, or raise from slumber.

To revive or resurrect; to make the dead live again.


ræren

(Early Middle English) alternative form of reren (“to raise”)


barkyn

barken (infinitive)
to barken (infinitive)
barke (infinitive)
barke (first-person present singular)
barked (first-person past singular)
barkest (present second-person singular)
barkedest (past second-person singular)
barketh (present singular third-person)
barked (past singular third-person)
barke (present singular subjunctive)
barked (past singular subjunctive)
barke (imperative present singular)
barken (plural present)
barke (plural present)
barkeden (past plural)
barkede (past plural)
barketh (imperative plural present)
barke (imperative plural present)
barkynge (participle present)
barkende (participle present)
barked (participle past)
ybarked (participle past)
barke (alternative)

English: bark

(rare, Late Middle English) To form a hard layer.


dokkyn

dokkyn (infinitive)
to dokkyn (infinitive)
dokke (infinitive)
dokke (first-person present singular)
dokked (first-person past singular)
dokkest (present second-person singular)
dokkedest (past second-person singular)
dokketh (present singular third-person)
dokked (past singular third-person)
dokke (present singular subjunctive)
dokked (past singular subjunctive)
dokke (imperative present singular)
dokken (plural present)
dokke (plural present)
dokkeden (past plural)
dokkede (past plural)
dokketh (imperative plural present)
dokke (imperative plural present)
dokkynge (participle present)
dokkende (participle present)
dokked (participle past)
ydokked (participle past)
docken (alternative)
dokke (alternative)
docke (alternative)

English: dock

Scots: dock

(Late Middle English) To lessen or shorten; to ruin or adulterate.

(rare) To dock (slice hair of an animal's tail)

(rare, Late Middle English) To lessen one's rights or capabilities.


dælen

(Early Middle English) alternative form of delen


dewyn

dewyn (infinitive)
to dewyn (infinitive)
dewe (infinitive)
dewe (first-person present singular)
dewed (first-person past singular)
dewest (present second-person singular)
dewedest (past second-person singular)
deweth (present singular third-person)
dewed (past singular third-person)
dewe (present singular subjunctive)
dewed (past singular subjunctive)
dewe (imperative present singular)
dewen (plural present)
dewe (plural present)
deweden (past plural)
dewede (past plural)
deweth (imperative plural present)
dewe (imperative plural present)
dewynge (participle present)
dewende (participle present)
dewed (participle past)
ydewed (participle past)
dewe (alternative)
dewey (alternative)
dæwwenn (alternative)

English: dew

From Old English *dēawian, from Proto-West Germanic *dauwēn. By surface analysis, dew + -en (infinitival suffix).

surf

(rare) To replenish; to relieve, assuage or calm.


norischen

norischen (infinitive)
to norischen (infinitive)
norische (infinitive)
norische (first-person present singular)
norisched (first-person past singular)
norischest (present second-person singular)
norischedest (past second-person singular)
norischeth (present singular third-person)
norisched (past singular third-person)
norische (present singular subjunctive)
norisched (past singular subjunctive)
norische (imperative present singular)
norischen (plural present)
norische (plural present)
norischeden (past plural)
norischede (past plural)
norischeth (imperative plural present)
norische (imperative plural present)
norischynge (participle present)
norischende (participle present)
norisched (participle past)
ynorisched (participle past)
norische (alternative)
norisshen (alternative)
norisshe (alternative)
norschen (alternative)
norschyn (alternative)
nurisch (alternative)
norysche (alternative)
norysch (alternative)
norissche (alternative)
nurysche (alternative)
norshe (alternative)
norischi (alternative)
norischci (alternative)
norissy (alternative)

English: nourish

Scots: nourish

From Old French nouriss-, stem of norrir, from Latin nūtriō.

To nourish; to provide with food or nourishment.

To breastfeed; to provide with breastmilk.

To provide with healthy and fulfilling food.

To provide sustenance and necessities for something; to support:

To religiously nourish; to provide with religious sustenance.

To foster; to assist something's growth or development:

To bring up or rear animals; to help raise.

To tend to crops; to perform agricultural labour.

To spread or encourage an idea or belief.

To care about; to like or be affected by.

To give birth; to reproduce or create offspring.

(physiology) To supply bodily organs with vital substances.

To heat; to keep at an active temperature.


norturen

norturen (infinitive)
to norturen (infinitive)
norture (infinitive)
norture (first-person present singular)
nortured (first-person past singular)
norturest (present second-person singular)
norturedest (past second-person singular)
nortureth (present singular third-person)
nortured (past singular third-person)
norture (present singular subjunctive)
nortured (past singular subjunctive)
norture (imperative present singular)
norturen (plural present)
norture (plural present)
nortureden (past plural)
norturede (past plural)
nortureth (imperative plural present)
norture (imperative plural present)
norturynge (participle present)
norturende (participle present)
nortured (participle past)
ynortured (participle past)
norture (alternative)
nurtur (alternative)

English: nurture

Scots: norter

From norture + -en (infinitival suffix).


naylen

naylen (infinitive)
to naylen (infinitive)
nayle (infinitive)
nayle (first-person present singular)
nayled (first-person past singular)
naylest (present second-person singular)
nayledest (past second-person singular)
nayleth (present singular third-person)
nayled (past singular third-person)
nayle (present singular subjunctive)
nayled (past singular subjunctive)
nayle (imperative present singular)
naylen (plural present)
nayle (plural present)
nayleden (past plural)
naylede (past plural)
nayleth (imperative plural present)
nayle (imperative plural present)
naylynge (participle present)
naylende (participle present)
nayled (participle past)
ynayled (participle past)
naȝȝlenn (alternative)
nailen (alternative)
nailin (alternative)
naylli (alternative)
naile (alternative)
naille (alternative)

English: nail

Scots: nail

From Old English næġlian, næġlan; equivalent to nayl + -en (infinitival suffix).

To nail; to drive a nail (almost always into something)

To affix something using a nail (usually for attachment)

To insert a nail into something to secure it; to rivet or fasten.

To halt; to secure or immobilise something.


crepen

crepen (infinitive)
to crepen (infinitive)
crepe (infinitive)
crepe (first-person present singular)
crep (first-person past singular)
crop (first-person past singular)
crepte (first-person past singular)
creped (first-person past singular)
crepest (present second-person singular)
crope (past second-person singular)
crepe (past second-person singular)
crep (past second-person singular)
crop (past second-person singular)
creptest (past second-person singular)
crepedest (past second-person singular)
crepeth (present singular third-person)
crep (past singular third-person)
crop (past singular third-person)
crepte (past singular third-person)
creped (past singular third-person)
crepe (present singular subjunctive)
crope (past singular subjunctive)
crepe (past singular subjunctive)
crepte (past singular subjunctive)
creped (past singular subjunctive)
crepe (imperative present singular)
crepen (plural present)
crepe (plural present)
cropen (past plural)
crope (past plural)
crepen (past plural)
crepe (past plural)
crepten (past plural)
crepte (past plural)
crepeden (past plural)
crepede (past plural)
crepeth (imperative plural present)
crepe (imperative plural present)
crepynge (participle present)
crepende (participle present)
cropen (participle past)
crope (participle past)
crept (participle past)
creped (participle past)
ycrope (participle past)
crepe (alternative)
creope (alternative)
creepe (alternative)
cryepe (alternative)

English: creep

Scots: crepe, creip

From Old English crēopan, from Proto-Germanic *kreupaną.
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *grewbʰ-der.
Proto-Germanic *kreupaną
Proto-West Germanic *kreupan
Old English crēopan
Middle English crepen

etymon

To creep close to the ground; to slither or crawl.

To move in a subtle or secretive way:
To move or walk on all four limbs.

To clamber; to scale or ascend a vertical surface.

To move in a subtle or secretive way:
To walk or move secretly and carefully.

To enter or depart; to experience the start or end of life.

To appear or disappear; to arrive or leave.

To burgle or rob; to loot a house or property.

(pathology) To become more dire or severe; to grow.

To kneel or bow down; to visibly humble oneself.

(rare) To feel a false feeling of movement inside oneself.


assayen

assayen (infinitive)
to assayen (infinitive)
assaye (infinitive)
assaye (first-person present singular)
assayed (first-person past singular)
assayest (present second-person singular)
assayedest (past second-person singular)
assayeth (present singular third-person)
assayed (past singular third-person)
assaye (present singular subjunctive)
assayed (past singular subjunctive)
assaye (imperative present singular)
assayen (plural present)
assaye (plural present)
assayeden (past plural)
assayede (past plural)
assayeth (imperative plural present)
assaye (imperative plural present)
assayynge (participle present)
assayende (participle present)
assayed (participle past)
yassayed (participle past)
assaien (alternative)
assaie (alternative)
assay (alternative)
assaye (alternative)
asay (alternative)
asaye (alternative)
asayn (alternative)
a-say (alternative)
saie (alternative)
sayen (alternative)
saye (alternative)

English: assay, say

Scots: say, sey

From Anglo-Norman assaier; equivalent to assay + -en (infinitival suffix).

To trial something in order to ascertain its efficacy.

To ascertain something's efficacy or usefulness.

To examine or test a person's nature or intrinsic qualities.

To taste comestibles (often in order to test them)

To test something's or someone's battle-readiness

To launch an attempt or effort at something.

To look at; to research or launch an examination or inquiry.

To attain knowledge via deduction, inquiry, or investigating.

To query or ask one for assistance or help.

To lure or draw into; to seduce or utilise temptation.

To copulate, have sexual relations with, or have coitus.


saillen

saillen (infinitive)
to saillen (infinitive)
saille (infinitive)
saille (first-person present singular)
sailled (first-person past singular)
saillest (present second-person singular)
sailledest (past second-person singular)
sailleth (present singular third-person)
sailled (past singular third-person)
saille (present singular subjunctive)
sailled (past singular subjunctive)
saille (imperative present singular)
saillen (plural present)
saille (plural present)
sailleden (past plural)
saillede (past plural)
sailleth (imperative plural present)
saille (imperative plural present)
saillynge (participle present)
saillende (participle present)
sailled (participle past)
ysailled (participle past)
salyyn (alternative)
sailly (alternative)
saille (alternative)
saylen (alternative)
sayle (alternative)

From Old French saillir, salir, from Latin saliō.

To dance; to jump around; to do gymnastics.


assailen

assailen (infinitive)
to assailen (infinitive)
assaile (infinitive)
assaile (first-person present singular)
assailed (first-person past singular)
assailest (present second-person singular)
assailedest (past second-person singular)
assaileth (present singular third-person)
assailed (past singular third-person)
assaile (present singular subjunctive)
assailed (past singular subjunctive)
assaile (imperative present singular)
assailen (plural present)
assaile (plural present)
assaileden (past plural)
assailede (past plural)
assaileth (imperative plural present)
assaile (imperative plural present)
assailynge (participle present)
assailende (participle present)
assailed (participle past)
yassailed (participle past)
assaillen (alternative)
assaille (alternative)
assaylle (alternative)
asailen (alternative)
assaile (alternative)
assayle (alternative)
saile (alternative)
sayll (alternative)
saylen (alternative)
sailen (alternative)
saillen (alternative)
sayle (alternative)
seællen (alternative)
a-sayle (alternative)

English: assail

Scots: assail, assailzie

From Old French assaillir, assalir, from Late Latin assalīre; equivalent to assaile + -en (infinitival suffix).

Forsothe men of Geth borun in the lond killiden hem, for thei ȝeden doun to assaile her possessiouns.

c. 1390, John Wycliffe, transl., edited by Josiah Forshall and Frederic Madden, The Holy Bible, Containing the Old and New Testaments, with the Apocryphal Books, in the Earliest English Versions (Wycliffe's Bible), volume II, Oxford UP, published 1850, I. Paralipomenon VII.21, page 334, column 2:

Forsooth, men of Gath born in the land killed him, for they went down to assail her possessions.

To assail or assault; to loot or attack.

To begin or launch an assault or military operation.

To bother, hurt, or injure (used often of malign forces)

To affect; to induce towards (used of feelings)

To lure or draw into sin, perfidy, or iniquity.

To insult; to launch into a tirade or rant against.

To try or undertake (an endeavour or behaviour)

(rare) To have intercourse; to mate (used of animals).

(rare) To assay; to investigate something.


seællen

(Early Middle English) alternative form of assailen


lihȝen

(Early Middle English) alternative form of laughen


miȝen

miȝen (infinitive)
to miȝen (infinitive)
miȝe (infinitive)
miȝe (first-person present singular)
mæh (first-person past singular)
meh (first-person past singular)
miȝest (present second-person singular)
miȝe (past second-person singular)
mæh (past second-person singular)
meh (past second-person singular)
miȝeth (present singular third-person)
mæh (past singular third-person)
meh (past singular third-person)
miȝe (present singular subjunctive)
miȝe (past singular subjunctive)
miȝe (imperative present singular)
miȝen (plural present)
miȝe (plural present)
miȝen (past plural)
miȝe (past plural)
miȝeth (imperative plural present)
miȝe (imperative plural present)
miȝynge (participle present)
miȝende (participle present)
miȝen (participle past)
miȝe (participle past)
miȝæn (alternative)

(Early Middle English) To produce urine; to urinate.


molden

enm-verb

molden (third-person singular simple present moldeth, present participle moldende, moldynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle molded)

moldeth (present singular third-person)
moldende (participle present)
moldynge (participle present)
molded (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
molden (infinitive)
to molden (infinitive)
molde (infinitive)
molde (first-person present singular)
molded (first-person past singular)
moldest (present second-person singular)
moldedest (past second-person singular)
moldeth (present singular third-person)
molded (past singular third-person)
molde (present singular subjunctive)
molded (past singular subjunctive)
molde (imperative present singular)
molden (plural present)
molde (plural present)
moldeden (past plural)
moldede (past plural)
moldeth (imperative plural present)
molde (imperative plural present)
moldynge (participle present)
moldende (participle present)
molded (participle past)
ymolded (participle past)
mold (alternative)
molde (alternative)
moolde (alternative)

English: mold, mould

From molde (“mold, cast”) + -en (infinitival suffix).


merveilynge

merveilyng (alternative)
merveyllyng (alternative)
merveylyng (alternative)


merveilen

merveilen (infinitive)
to merveilen (infinitive)
merveile (infinitive)
merveile (first-person present singular)
merveiled (first-person past singular)
merveilest (present second-person singular)
merveiledest (past second-person singular)
merveileth (present singular third-person)
merveiled (past singular third-person)
merveile (present singular subjunctive)
merveiled (past singular subjunctive)
merveile (imperative present singular)
merveilen (plural present)
merveile (plural present)
merveileden (past plural)
merveilede (past plural)
merveileth (imperative plural present)
merveile (imperative plural present)
merveilynge (participle present)
merveilende (participle present)
merveiled (participle past)
ymerveiled (participle past)
mervaile (alternative)
merveylen (alternative)
merveyle (alternative)
mervell (alternative)

English: marvel

Borrowed from Old French merveillier; equivalent to merveile + -en (infinitival suffix).

To be astonished or surprised; to witness the unexpected.

To experience a marvel; to witness awe or wonder.

To marvel at or to gaze upon wondrously; to view with astonishment.

To induce, create, or result in astoundedness, awe, or astonishment

To be confused or wondering; to witness an event that is hard to decipher.

(rare) To view positively or kindly; to like.

I meruailled, why himſelf [Niccolò Leoniceno] did not practiſe Phiſike of whiche facultee he was a Doctour, and a publique reader: I auaile moche more, ſaieth he, in that I teach all thother Phiſiciãs [physicians].

[1564 February, Erasmus, “The Saiynges of Socrates”, in Nicolas Udall [i.e., Nicholas Udall], transl., Apophthegmes, that is to Saie, Prompte, Quicke, Wittie and Sentẽcious Saiynges, […] (in English), London: […] Ihon Kingston, →OCLC, book I, folio 4, recto, paragraph 11:

(rare, Late Middle English) To ponder actions or doings.

(rare, Late Middle English) To freeze; to make still.


proficy

Partly from prophecie, and partly borrowed from Middle French prophecier, prophesier.


prophecien

prophecien (infinitive)
to prophecien (infinitive)
prophecie (infinitive)
prophecie (first-person present singular)
prophecied (first-person past singular)
propheciest (present second-person singular)
propheciedest (past second-person singular)
prophecieth (present singular third-person)
prophecied (past singular third-person)
prophecie (present singular subjunctive)
prophecied (past singular subjunctive)
prophecie (imperative present singular)
prophecien (plural present)
prophecie (plural present)
prophecieden (past plural)
propheciede (past plural)
prophecieth (imperative plural present)
prophecie (imperative plural present)
propheciynge (participle present)
propheciende (participle present)
prophecied (participle past)
yprophecied (participle past)
proficy (alternative)
prophesye (alternative)
prophecie (alternative)
prophycye (alternative)
prophecyen (alternative)

English: prophesy

Partly from prophecie + -en (infinitival suffix), and partly borrowed from Middle French prophecier, prophesier, from prophecie (“prophecy”).

To prophesy; to communicate a divine message; to act as a prophet.

To predict or to foretell the future (with or without godly support)

To interpret or discern religious matters with the aid of divine forces.


vapouren

vapouren (infinitive)
to vapouren (infinitive)
vapoure (infinitive)
vapoure (first-person present singular)
vapoured (first-person past singular)
vapourest (present second-person singular)
vapouredest (past second-person singular)
vapoureth (present singular third-person)
vapoured (past singular third-person)
vapoure (present singular subjunctive)
vapoured (past singular subjunctive)
vapoure (imperative present singular)
vapouren (plural present)
vapoure (plural present)
vapoureden (past plural)
vapourede (past plural)
vapoureth (imperative plural present)
vapoure (imperative plural present)
vapourynge (participle present)
vapourende (participle present)
vapoured (participle past)
yvapoured (participle past)
vapore (alternative)
vapour (alternative)
vapoure (alternative)

English: vapour, vapor

To vapour; to transform into a vapourous state.

(rare) To make into vapour; to induce vapourisation.

(rare) To draw out of the body as vapour.


sliden

sliden (infinitive)
to sliden (infinitive)
slide (infinitive)
slide (first-person present singular)
slod (first-person past singular)
slidest (present second-person singular)
slide (past second-person singular)
slode (past second-person singular)
slod (past second-person singular)
slideth (present singular third-person)
slod (past singular third-person)
slide (present singular subjunctive)
slide (past singular subjunctive)
slode (past singular subjunctive)
slide (imperative present singular)
sliden (plural present)
slide (plural present)
sliden (past plural)
slide (past plural)
sloden (past plural)
slode (past plural)
slideth (imperative plural present)
slide (imperative plural present)
slidynge (participle present)
slidende (participle present)
sliden (participle past)
slide (participle past)
ysliden (participle past)
yslide (participle past)
slyden (alternative)
slydyn (alternative)
slijden (alternative)
slidyn (alternative)
slithen (alternative)
slide (alternative)
slyde (alternative)

English: slide

→ Japanese: スライド (suraido)

Scots: slide

From Old English slīdan. Cognates include Middle Dutch slīden, Middle Low German slīden, Middle High German slīten, and Sanskrit स्रेधति (sredhati).

To slide; to propel oneself along a surface:

To slide then fall; to lose one's traction.

To slip; to move from something's assigned place.

To move, especially in an inconspicuous or noiseless way:

To leak or secrete; to move as a liquid.

To bend or deviate from something's original course.

(figurative) To enter into iniquity or immoral behaviour.

(rare) To experience alteration or modification; to become different.


slidre

From Old English sliderian, slidorian, slidrian.


theen

theen (infinitive)
to theen (infinitive)
thee (infinitive)
thee (first-person present singular)
thew (first-person past singular)
theest (present second-person singular)
thowe (past second-person singular)
thew (past second-person singular)
theeth (present singular third-person)
thew (past singular third-person)
thee (present singular subjunctive)
thowe (past singular subjunctive)
thee (imperative present singular)
theen (plural present)
thee (plural present)
thowen (past plural)
thowe (past plural)
theeth (imperative plural present)
thee (imperative plural present)
theynge (participle present)
theende (participle present)
thowen (participle past)
thowe (participle past)
ðen (alternative)
the (alternative)
thee (alternative)
theo (alternative)
theon (alternative)
theyn (alternative)
þe (alternative)
þeen (alternative)
þene (alternative)

English: thee (obsolete or dialectal)

Scots: thee, the

From Old English þēon (strong class 1), from Proto-Germanic *þinhaną (strong class 3); a cognate of Middle Dutch diën. In later Old English, þēon changed to strong class 2 on the model of tēon, meaning the past participle became þogen; in Middle English, the -g- vocalised to -w-, resulting in a form thowen. Past singular forms in -w- were then analogically created on the basis of this past participle (see the inflection table below).

To thrive, prosper, flourish, experience success, wealth, or prosperity.

So mote i theen, thow art a proper man,
 [...]

1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Pardoners Prologue”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC, folio lxix, verso:

As sure as i hope to prosper (By Jove! / Marry! / Truly, / ...), you are a proper fellow,
 …

(rare, Early Middle English) To induce prosperity.


marien

marien (infinitive)
to marien (infinitive)
marie (infinitive)
marie (first-person present singular)
maried (first-person past singular)
mariest (present second-person singular)
mariedest (past second-person singular)
marieth (present singular third-person)
maried (past singular third-person)
marie (present singular subjunctive)
maried (past singular subjunctive)
marie (imperative present singular)
marien (plural present)
marie (plural present)
marieden (past plural)
mariede (past plural)
marieth (imperative plural present)
marie (imperative plural present)
mariynge (participle present)
mariende (participle present)
maried (participle past)
ymaried (participle past)
marie (alternative)

English: marry

Yola: marreet (preterite)

Borrowed from Old French marier, from Latin marītāre.


venquysshen

venquysshen (infinitive)
to venquysshen (infinitive)
venquysshe (infinitive)
venquysshe (first-person present singular)
venquysshed (first-person past singular)
venquysshest (present second-person singular)
venquysshedest (past second-person singular)
venquyssheth (present singular third-person)
venquysshed (past singular third-person)
venquysshe (present singular subjunctive)
venquysshed (past singular subjunctive)
venquysshe (imperative present singular)
venquysshen (plural present)
venquysshe (plural present)
venquyssheden (past plural)
venquysshede (past plural)
venquyssheth (imperative plural present)
venquysshe (imperative plural present)
venquysshynge (participle present)
venquysshende (participle present)
venquysshed (participle past)
yvenquysshed (participle past)
vaynquisshen (alternative)
venqwyshe (alternative)
vencuse (alternative)
venquis (alternative)
vencows (alternative)
vencushe (alternative)
venquysse (alternative)
venquys (alternative)

English: vanquish

Scots: vanquish, vencus

Borrowed from venquiss-, a conjugated form of Old French veincre, from Latin vinco, from Proto-Italic *winkō.

To triumph over a rival military force; to win in battle.

To eliminate immorality or malice (within oneself or within others)

To triumph over evil or malign forces; to achieve a moral victory.

(rare) To turn to sorrow; to destroy one's morale.

(rare) To become better or greater than; to render meaningless.

(rare) To achieve victory in a verbal dispute.


whelpen

whelpen (infinitive)
to whelpen (infinitive)
whelpe (infinitive)
whelpe (first-person present singular)
whelped (first-person past singular)
whelpest (present second-person singular)
whelpedest (past second-person singular)
whelpeth (present singular third-person)
whelped (past singular third-person)
whelpe (present singular subjunctive)
whelped (past singular subjunctive)
whelpe (imperative present singular)
whelpen (plural present)
whelpe (plural present)
whelpeden (past plural)
whelpede (past plural)
whelpeth (imperative plural present)
whelpe (imperative plural present)
whelpynge (participle present)
whelpende (participle present)
whelped (participle past)
ywhelped (participle past)
welpen (alternative)
hweolpen (alternative Early-Middle-English)
wellpenn (alternative Ormulum)

English: whelp

From Old English hwelpian; equivalent to whelp + -en (infinitival suffix).

(referring to animals) To give birth; to bear a litter or whelp.


hweolpen

(Early Middle English) alternative form of whelpen


crouden

crouden (infinitive)
to crouden (infinitive)
croude (infinitive)
croude (first-person present singular)
crouded (first-person past singular)
crudde (first-person past singular)
croudest (present second-person singular)
croudedest (past second-person singular)
cruddest (past second-person singular)
croudeth (present singular third-person)
crouded (past singular third-person)
crudde (past singular third-person)
croude (present singular subjunctive)
crouded (past singular subjunctive)
crudde (past singular subjunctive)
croude (imperative present singular)
crouden (plural present)
croude (plural present)
croudeden (past plural)
croudede (past plural)
crudden (past plural)
crudde (past plural)
croudeth (imperative plural present)
croude (imperative plural present)
croudynge (participle present)
croudende (participle present)
crouded (participle past)
crud (participle past)
ycrouded (participle past)
ycrud (participle past)
crowdyn (alternative)
crowde (alternative)
croude (alternative)
crude (alternative)
cruden (alternative)
croden (alternative)

English: crowd

Scots: crood

From Old English crūdan, from Proto-West Germanic *krūdan, from Proto-Germanic *krūdaną.

To cram; to drive into a confined space or area.

To have a surfeit of something; to be full of something.


crudden

crudden (infinitive)
to crudden (infinitive)
crudde (infinitive)
crudde (first-person present singular)
crudded (first-person past singular)
cruddest (present second-person singular)
cruddedest (past second-person singular)
cruddeth (present singular third-person)
crudded (past singular third-person)
crudde (present singular subjunctive)
crudded (past singular subjunctive)
crudde (imperative present singular)
crudden (plural present)
crudde (plural present)
cruddeden (past plural)
cruddede (past plural)
cruddeth (imperative plural present)
crudde (imperative plural present)
cruddynge (participle present)
cruddende (participle present)
crudded (participle past)
ycrudded (participle past)
cruyde (alternative)
crodde (alternative)
crodden (alternative)

English: curd

Scots: crud

To curd or coagulate; to thicken and solidify.

To mould or form; to make into a defined shape.

(rare) To solidify or cement one's feelings.


sethen

sethen (infinitive)
to sethen (infinitive)
sethe (infinitive)
sethe (first-person present singular)
seth (first-person past singular)
soth (first-person past singular)
sethest (present second-person singular)
sothe (past second-person singular)
sode (past second-person singular)
seth (past second-person singular)
soth (past second-person singular)
setheth (present singular third-person)
seth (past singular third-person)
soth (past singular third-person)
sethe (present singular subjunctive)
sothe (past singular subjunctive)
sode (past singular subjunctive)
sethe (imperative present singular)
sethen (plural present)
sethe (plural present)
sothen (past plural)
sothe (past plural)
soden (past plural)
sode (past plural)
setheth (imperative plural present)
sethe (imperative plural present)
sethynge (participle present)
sethende (participle present)
soden (participle past)
sode (participle past)
ysoden (participle past)
ysode (participle past)
cethyn (alternative)
sethyn (alternative)
seþine (alternative)
seþen (alternative)
seoþe (alternative)
zeoþen (alternative)
seþe (alternative)
seeþ (alternative)
seeth (alternative)
seþ (alternative)
seeþe (alternative)

English: seethe (sodden is from the former past participle)

Scots: seth, seith, seethe (sodden is from the former past participle)

From Old English sēoþan, from Proto-Germanic *seuþaną; a cognate of Middle Low German sēden, Middle Dutch sieden, Middle High German sieden, and Old Swedish siūþa.

A none ſyr kay ſayd ⸝ here is good mete for vs for one meale ⸝ for we had not many a day no good repaſt ⸝ And ſo that veneſon was roſted baken and ſoden ⸝ and ſo after ſouper ſomme abode there al that nyghte

1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “Capitulum ix”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book VI, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC, leaf 98, verso; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC, page 196, lines 29–33:

Anon, Sir Kay said, here is good meat for us for one meal, for we had no good repast for many a day. And so that venison was roasted, baked and boiled, and so after supper some abided there all that night.

To boil food or meat as to cook or prepare it.

To boil down or off; to reduce by boiling something.

To boil something into an essence; to boil as a form of processing.

To inflict punishment or injury by boiling (typically used of Hell)

To cook or heat (especially used of processing ceramics or ingredients)

To break down or process one's consumed food using stomach acid; to digest.

(figurative, rare) To make pure; to revitalise.


assethen

assethen (infinitive)
to assethen (infinitive)
assethe (infinitive)
assethe (first-person present singular)
assethed (first-person past singular)
assethest (present second-person singular)
assethedest (past second-person singular)
assetheth (present singular third-person)
assethed (past singular third-person)
assethe (present singular subjunctive)
assethed (past singular subjunctive)
assethe (imperative present singular)
assethen (plural present)
assethe (plural present)
assetheden (past plural)
assethede (past plural)
assetheth (imperative plural present)
assethe (imperative plural present)
assethynge (participle present)
assethende (participle present)
assethed (participle past)
yassethed (participle past)
assiethe (alternative)
asseth (alternative)
asethe (alternative)
asseith (alternative)
asythe (alternative)

Scots: assythe (obsolete)


cwethen

(Early Middle English) alternative form of quethen


myscheven

myscheven (infinitive)
to myscheven (infinitive)
myscheve (infinitive)
myscheve (first-person present singular)
myscheved (first-person past singular)
myschevest (present second-person singular)
myschevedest (past second-person singular)
myscheveth (present singular third-person)
myscheved (past singular third-person)
myscheve (present singular subjunctive)
myscheved (past singular subjunctive)
myscheve (imperative present singular)
myscheven (plural present)
myscheve (plural present)
myscheveden (past plural)
myschevede (past plural)
myscheveth (imperative plural present)
myscheve (imperative plural present)
myschevynge (participle present)
myschevende (participle present)
myscheved (participle past)
ymyscheved (participle past)
mescheven (alternative)
meschieven (alternative)
myschefe (alternative)
myscheve (alternative)
mischeve (alternative)
mescheve (alternative)

English: mischieve (obsolete)

Scots: mischieve

Borrowed from Old French meschever; equivalent to myschef + -en (infinitival suffix).

To hurt, endanger, or injure someone (physically or otherwise)

To destruct or vanquish; to afflict sorrow on someone.

To end or finish negatively; to be ruined or ended.

(rare) To decline; to become sick or ill.

(rare) To make a mistake; to make a bad decision.


charmynge

charemynge (alternative)
charmeing (alternative)
charmyng (alternative)


agreen

agreen (infinitive)
to agreen (infinitive)
agree (infinitive)
agree (first-person present singular)
agreed (first-person past singular)
agreest (present second-person singular)
agreedest (past second-person singular)
agreeth (present singular third-person)
agreed (past singular third-person)
agree (present singular subjunctive)
agreed (past singular subjunctive)
agree (imperative present singular)
agreen (plural present)
agree (plural present)
agreeden (past plural)
agreede (past plural)
agreeth (imperative plural present)
agree (imperative plural present)
agreynge (participle present)
agreende (participle present)
agreed (participle past)
yagreed (participle past)
agre (alternative)
a-green (alternative)
agree (alternative)
aggre (alternative)

English: agree

Scots: agree

Borrowed from Old French agreer; equivalent to agre + -en (infinitival suffix).

To ingratiate or please; to make content or favoured.

To agree; to give one's approval or permission.

To recompense; to pay a charge or perform an obligation.


grecen

greceen (infinitive)
to greceen (infinitive)
grecee (infinitive)
grecee (first-person present singular)
greceed (first-person past singular)
greceest (present second-person singular)
greceedest (past second-person singular)
greceeth (present singular third-person)
greceed (past singular third-person)
grecee (present singular subjunctive)
greceed (past singular subjunctive)
grecee (imperative present singular)
greceen (plural present)
grecee (plural present)
greceeden (past plural)
greceede (past plural)
greceeth (imperative plural present)
grecee (imperative plural present)
greceynge (participle present)
greceende (participle present)
greceed (participle past)
ygreceed (participle past)
gresyn (alternative)
greesse (alternative)
grece (alternative)
greysse (alternative)
grese (alternative)

English: grease

From grece (“grease”) + -en (infinitival suffix).

To grease or oil; to spread grease over something.


revell

alternative form of revelen (“to revel”)


reveele

alternative form of revelen (“to reveal”)


tresoun

treson (alternative)
traysoun (alternative)
traisoun (alternative)
traison (alternative)
treison (alternative)
treyson (alternative)
traisun (alternative)
tresun (alternative)
tresune (alternative)
tresone (alternative)
treason (alternative)
tresown (alternative)


tresounen

tresounen (infinitive)
to tresounen (infinitive)
tresoune (infinitive)
tresoune (first-person present singular)
tresouned (first-person past singular)
tresounest (present second-person singular)
tresounedest (past second-person singular)
tresouneth (present singular third-person)
tresouned (past singular third-person)
tresoune (present singular subjunctive)
tresouned (past singular subjunctive)
tresoune (imperative present singular)
tresounen (plural present)
tresoune (plural present)
tresouneden (past plural)
tresounede (past plural)
tresouneth (imperative plural present)
tresoune (imperative plural present)
tresounynge (participle present)
tresounende (participle present)
tresouned (participle past)
ytresouned (participle past)
tresoun (alternative)

From tresoun + -en (infinitival suffix).


hungren

hungren (infinitive)
to hungren (infinitive)
hungre (infinitive)
hungre (first-person present singular)
hungred (first-person past singular)
hungrest (present second-person singular)
hungredest (past second-person singular)
hungreth (present singular third-person)
hungred (past singular third-person)
hungre (present singular subjunctive)
hungred (past singular subjunctive)
hungre (imperative present singular)
hungren (plural present)
hungre (plural present)
hungreden (past plural)
hungrede (past plural)
hungreth (imperative plural present)
hungre (imperative plural present)
hungrynge (participle present)
hungrende (participle present)
hungred (participle past)
yhungred (participle past)
hingriæn (alternative)
hingren (alternative)
hengren (alternative)
hungrin (alternative)
hungryn (alternative)
hungrun (alternative)
hungere (alternative)
hungre (alternative)

English: hunger

Scots: hunger

Inherited from Old English hyngran, hyngrian, from Proto-West Germanic *hungrijan, from Proto-Germanic *hungrijaną; equivalent to hunger + -en (infinitival suffix). After the Early Middle English period, the vowel was modified to match hunger.

To hunger; to be starving, hungry, or lacking nutrition.

To wish for or want; to yearn for something.


hingriæn

(Early Middle English) alternative form of hungren


granin

(Early Middle English) alternative form of gronen


nakenen

enm-verb

nakenen (third-person singular simple present nakeneth, present participle nakenende, nakenynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle nakened)

nakeneth (present singular third-person)
nakenende (participle present)
nakenynge (participle present)
nakened (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
nakenen (infinitive)
to nakenen (infinitive)
nakene (infinitive)
nakene (first-person present singular)
nakened (first-person past singular)
nakenest (present second-person singular)
nakenedest (past second-person singular)
nakeneth (present singular third-person)
nakened (past singular third-person)
nakene (present singular subjunctive)
nakened (past singular subjunctive)
nakene (imperative present singular)
nakenen (plural present)
nakene (plural present)
nakeneden (past plural)
nakenede (past plural)
nakeneth (imperative plural present)
nakene (imperative plural present)
nakenynge (participle present)
nakenende (participle present)
nakened (participle past)
ynakened (participle past)
nacnen (alternative)
nakne (alternative)

English: naken (dialectal)

To undress; to remove clothes or make naked.

To remove some of one's clothes; to bare part of the body.


nakenynge

nakenyng (alternative)
naknyng (alternative)
nakynynge (alternative)


þester

þeostre (alternative)
þuster (alternative)
þyster (alternative)
thestur (alternative)
thestir (alternative)
thester (alternative)


þestren

þestren (infinitive)
to þestren (infinitive)
þestre (infinitive)
þestre (first-person present singular)
þestred (first-person past singular)
þestrest (present second-person singular)
þestredest (past second-person singular)
þestreth (present singular third-person)
þestred (past singular third-person)
þestre (present singular subjunctive)
þestred (past singular subjunctive)
þestre (imperative present singular)
þestren (plural present)
þestre (plural present)
þestreden (past plural)
þestrede (past plural)
þestreth (imperative plural present)
þestre (imperative plural present)
þestrynge (participle present)
þestrende (participle present)
þestred (participle past)
yþestred (participle past)
þester (alternative)
þeostren (alternative)
thestren (alternative)

Inherited from Old English þēostrian and þȳstrian, from Proto-West Germanic *þeustrōn (“to make dark”) and *þīustrijēn (“to be dark”).

inh

To become dark or black; to lose its lightness.


dresen

dresen (infinitive)
to dresen (infinitive)
drese (infinitive)
drese (first-person present singular)
dres (first-person past singular)
dresest (present second-person singular)
drose (past second-person singular)
dres (past second-person singular)
dreseth (present singular third-person)
dres (past singular third-person)
drese (present singular subjunctive)
drose (past singular subjunctive)
drese (imperative present singular)
dresen (plural present)
drese (plural present)
drosen (past plural)
drose (past plural)
dreseth (imperative plural present)
drese (imperative plural present)
dresynge (participle present)
dresende (participle present)
droren (participle past)
drore (participle past)
ydroren (participle past)
ydrore (participle past)
drese (alternative)

From Old English drēosan, from Proto-Germanic *dreusaną. Compare drery.


whynen

enm-verb

whynen (third-person singular simple present whyneth, present participle whynende, whynynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle whyned)

whyneth (present singular third-person)
whynende (participle present)
whynynge (participle present)
whyned (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
whynen (infinitive)
to whynen (infinitive)
whyne (infinitive)
whyne (first-person present singular)
whyned (first-person past singular)
whynest (present second-person singular)
whynedest (past second-person singular)
whyneth (present singular third-person)
whyned (past singular third-person)
whyne (present singular subjunctive)
whyned (past singular subjunctive)
whyne (imperative present singular)
whynen (plural present)
whyne (plural present)
whyneden (past plural)
whynede (past plural)
whyneth (imperative plural present)
whyne (imperative plural present)
whynynge (participle present)
whynende (participle present)
whyned (participle past)
ywhyned (participle past)
whine (alternative)
whinen (alternative)
whyne (alternative)
whynyn (alternative)
hwinen (alternative Early-Middle-English)
hwyne (alternative Early-Middle-English)

English: whine

desc

Middle Scots: quhyn, whyne (possibly borrowed from Early Modern English)

Inherited from Old English hwīnan, from Proto-West Germanic *hwīnan, from Proto-Germanic *hwīnaną.

To cry out in distress or sadness; to make sad sounds.

To whinny or groan; to make animal sounds (of animals or humans imitating them).


hwyne

(Early Middle English) alternative form of whynen


whyn

(Northern) alternative form of winnen (“to win”)


ȝeollen

(Early Middle English) alternative form of yellen


yellynge

ȝellyng (alternative)
ȝellynge (alternative)
ȝolling (alternative)
ȝollinge (alternative)
ȝollyng (alternative)
ȝollynge (alternative)
yellinge (alternative)


ȝelpen

ȝelpen (infinitive)
to ȝelpen (infinitive)
ȝelpe (infinitive)
ȝelpe (first-person present singular)
ȝalp (first-person past singular)
ȝelped (first-person past singular)
ȝelpest (present second-person singular)
ȝolpe (past second-person singular)
ȝalp (past second-person singular)
ȝelpedest (past second-person singular)
ȝelpeth (present singular third-person)
ȝalp (past singular third-person)
ȝelped (past singular third-person)
ȝelpe (present singular subjunctive)
ȝolpe (past singular subjunctive)
ȝelped (past singular subjunctive)
ȝelpe (imperative present singular)
ȝelpen (plural present)
ȝelpe (plural present)
ȝolpen (past plural)
ȝolpe (past plural)
ȝelpeden (past plural)
ȝelpede (past plural)
ȝelpeth (imperative plural present)
ȝelpe (imperative plural present)
ȝelpynge (participle present)
ȝelpende (participle present)
ȝolpen (participle past)
ȝolpe (participle past)
ȝelped (participle past)
ȝelpe (alternative)
ȝelp (alternative)
yelpe (alternative)
ȝellpenn (alternative)

English: yelp

From Old English ġielpan, from Proto-Germanic *gelpaną.

To boast; to glorify, vindicate, or aggrandise (someone or something).

To yell or holler; to speak loudly with the intention of being heard.

(rare) To be audibly upset or distressed; to wail or lament.


blasten

blasten (infinitive)
to blasten (infinitive)
blaste (infinitive)
blaste (first-person present singular)
blasted (first-person past singular)
blaste (first-person past singular)
blastest (present second-person singular)
blastedest (past second-person singular)
blastest (past second-person singular)
blasteth (present singular third-person)
blasted (past singular third-person)
blaste (past singular third-person)
blaste (present singular subjunctive)
blasted (past singular subjunctive)
blaste (past singular subjunctive)
blaste (imperative present singular)
blasten (plural present)
blaste (plural present)
blasteden (past plural)
blastede (past plural)
blasten (past plural)
blaste (past plural)
blasteth (imperative plural present)
blaste (imperative plural present)
blastynge (participle present)
blastende (participle present)
blasted (participle past)
blast (participle past)
yblasted (participle past)
yblast (participle past)
blaste (alternative)
blesten (alternative)

English: blast

Scots: blast

Inherited from Old English blǣstan, from Proto-West Germanic *blāstijan, from Proto-Germanic *blēstijaną; equivalent to blast + -en (infinitival suffix).

Toke his blake trumpe faste / And gan to puffen and to blaste.

14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer, The House of Fame:


glorifien

glorifien (infinitive)
to glorifien (infinitive)
glorifie (infinitive)
glorifie (first-person present singular)
glorified (first-person past singular)
glorifiest (present second-person singular)
glorifiedest (past second-person singular)
glorifieth (present singular third-person)
glorified (past singular third-person)
glorifie (present singular subjunctive)
glorified (past singular subjunctive)
glorifie (imperative present singular)
glorifien (plural present)
glorifie (plural present)
glorifieden (past plural)
glorifiede (past plural)
glorifieth (imperative plural present)
glorifie (imperative plural present)
glorifiynge (participle present)
glorifiende (participle present)
glorified (participle past)
yglorified (participle past)
glorifie (alternative)
glorifye (alternative)
gloryfy (alternative)
gloryfye (alternative)

English: glorify

Scots: glorifee

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman glorifier, from Late Latin glorificō; equivalent to glorie + -ifien.

To compliment, acclaim, or recognise someone

To devote oneself to or to worship someone.

To empower; to grant a quality or attribute.

To brag, boast or engage in self-aggrandisement.

(rare) To edify or improve; to make glorious.


amplifiyen

amplifiyen (infinitive)
to amplifiyen (infinitive)
amplifiye (infinitive)
amplifiye (first-person present singular)
amplifiyed (first-person past singular)
amplifiyest (present second-person singular)
amplifiyedest (past second-person singular)
amplifiyeth (present singular third-person)
amplifiyed (past singular third-person)
amplifiye (present singular subjunctive)
amplifiyed (past singular subjunctive)
amplifiye (imperative present singular)
amplifiyen (plural present)
amplifiye (plural present)
amplifiyeden (past plural)
amplifiyede (past plural)
amplifiyeth (imperative plural present)
amplifiye (imperative plural present)
amplifiyynge (participle present)
amplifiyende (participle present)
amplifiyed (participle past)
yamplifiyed (participle past)
amplifien (alternative)
amplifiye (alternative)

English: amplify

Borrowed from Old French amplifier, from Late Latin amplificō; equivalent to ample + -ifien.

(rare, Late Middle English) To amplify, embiggen, or heighten.


clappynge

clappinge (alternative)
clappyng (alternative)
clepyng (alternative)


threschen

threschen (infinitive)
to threschen (infinitive)
thresche (infinitive)
thresche (first-person present singular)
thrasch (first-person past singular)
thresched (first-person past singular)
threschest (present second-person singular)
throsche (past second-person singular)
thrasch (past second-person singular)
threschedest (past second-person singular)
threscheth (present singular third-person)
thrasch (past singular third-person)
thresched (past singular third-person)
thresche (present singular subjunctive)
throsche (past singular subjunctive)
thresched (past singular subjunctive)
thresche (imperative present singular)
threschen (plural present)
thresche (plural present)
throschen (past plural)
throsche (past plural)
threscheden (past plural)
threschede (past plural)
threscheth (imperative plural present)
thresche (imperative plural present)
threschynge (participle present)
threschende (participle present)
throschen (participle past)
throsche (participle past)
thresched (participle past)
ythroschen (participle past)
ythrosche (participle past)
thrasshen (alternative)
thresche (alternative)
threshen (alternative)
thresshen (alternative)
threschyn (alternative)
tressyn (alternative)
þresshe (alternative)
þreisshe (alternative)

English: thresh, thrash

Scots: thresch, thrash

Inherited from Old English þrescan, þrexan, from Proto-West Germanic *þreskan, from Proto-Germanic *þreskaną.

To thresh; to separate grain from the chaff.

To thrash, whack or beat; to attack with a blunt weapon.


gummen

gummen (infinitive)
to gummen (infinitive)
gumme (infinitive)
gumme (first-person present singular)
gummed (first-person past singular)
gummest (present second-person singular)
gummedest (past second-person singular)
gummeth (present singular third-person)
gummed (past singular third-person)
gumme (present singular subjunctive)
gummed (past singular subjunctive)
gumme (imperative present singular)
gummen (plural present)
gumme (plural present)
gummeden (past plural)
gummede (past plural)
gummeth (imperative plural present)
gumme (imperative plural present)
gummynge (participle present)
gummende (participle present)
gummed (participle past)
ygummed (participle past)
gumme (alternative)

English: gum


bræiden

(Early Middle English) alternative form of breiden


bredynge

breding (alternative)
bredinge (alternative)
bredyng (alternative)
breedyng (alternative)

present participle of breden (“to breed”)


bridlen

bridlen (infinitive)
to bridlen (infinitive)
bridle (infinitive)
bridle (first-person present singular)
bridled (first-person past singular)
bridlest (present second-person singular)
bridledest (past second-person singular)
bridleth (present singular third-person)
bridled (past singular third-person)
bridle (present singular subjunctive)
bridled (past singular subjunctive)
bridle (imperative present singular)
bridlen (plural present)
bridle (plural present)
bridleden (past plural)
bridlede (past plural)
bridleth (imperative plural present)
bridle (imperative plural present)
bridlynge (participle present)
bridlende (participle present)
bridled (participle past)
ybridled (participle past)
brydelen (alternative)
brydelyn (alternative)
bridelle (alternative)
bridli (alternative)

English: bridle

From Old English brīdlian, brīdelian; equivalent to bridel + -en (infinitival suffix).

To put or equip a bridle on a horse; to bridle.

To direct, limit, or curb; to place restrictions on or monitor.

(rare) To thrust one's belly and recline one's head.

(rare) To use a bridle to direct or control a horse.

(rare) To ornament or adorn; to place bodily decorations.


douen

douen (infinitive)
to douen (infinitive)
doue (infinitive)
deigh (first-person present singular)
doughte (first-person past singular)
deight (present second-person singular)
doughtest (past second-person singular)
deigh (present singular third-person)
doughte (past singular third-person)
doue (present singular subjunctive)
doughte (past singular subjunctive)
douen (plural present)
doue (plural present)
doughten (past plural)
doughte (past plural)
douynge (participle present)
douende (participle present)
douen (participle past)
doue (participle past)
dought (participle past)
ydouen (participle past)
ydoue (participle past)
ydought (participle past)
dowen (alternative)
duhen (alternative)
duȝen (alternative)

English: dow (obsolete)

Scots: dow

From Old English dugan, from Proto-West Germanic *dugan, from Proto-Germanic *duganą.

(ambitransitive) To be helpful or beneficial; to have worthiness or use (for something)

(impersonal) To be appropriate or suitable for a given situation.

(intransitive, rare) To be mighty, bold, or hardy.

(intransitive, rare) To attain victory or success; to win.

(transitive, rare) To be able to (perform an act).


douen

dowen (alternative)
duhen (alternative)
duȝen (alternative)


dowen

dowen (infinitive)
to dowen (infinitive)
dowe (infinitive)
dowe (first-person present singular)
dowed (first-person past singular)
dowest (present second-person singular)
dowedest (past second-person singular)
doweth (present singular third-person)
dowed (past singular third-person)
dowe (present singular subjunctive)
dowed (past singular subjunctive)
dowe (imperative present singular)
dowen (plural present)
dowe (plural present)
doweden (past plural)
dowede (past plural)
doweth (imperative plural present)
dowe (imperative plural present)
dowynge (participle present)
dowende (participle present)
dowed (participle past)
ydowed (participle past)
douen (alternative)
douwe (alternative)
dowe (alternative)

English: dow (obsolete)

Scots: dow

Borrowed from Old French douer, from Latin dōtō.

To give, furnish, or provide with something:

To give or provide something as a dowry.

To endow; to provide with a quality or attribute.


endowen

endowen (infinitive)
to endowen (infinitive)
endowe (infinitive)
endowe (first-person present singular)
endowed (first-person past singular)
endowest (present second-person singular)
endowedest (past second-person singular)
endoweth (present singular third-person)
endowed (past singular third-person)
endowe (present singular subjunctive)
endowed (past singular subjunctive)
endowe (imperative present singular)
endowen (plural present)
endowe (plural present)
endoweden (past plural)
endowede (past plural)
endoweth (imperative plural present)
endowe (imperative plural present)
endowynge (participle present)
endowende (participle present)
endowed (participle past)
yendowed (participle past)
endowe (alternative)
indwyn (alternative)
endouen (alternative)
indowen (alternative)

English: endow

Scots: endoo

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman endouer; equivalent to en- + dowen.

To endow with money, rights, advantages, or other benefits.

To endow or furnish with an innate property or faculty.

(rare) To benefit a realm with a good king.


louten

louten (infinitive)
to louten (infinitive)
loute (infinitive)
loute (first-person present singular)
louted (first-person past singular)
loute (first-person past singular)
let (first-person past singular)
loutest (present second-person singular)
loutedest (past second-person singular)
loutest (past second-person singular)
let (past second-person singular)
louteth (present singular third-person)
louted (past singular third-person)
loute (past singular third-person)
let (past singular third-person)
loute (present singular subjunctive)
louted (past singular subjunctive)
loute (past singular subjunctive)
loute (imperative present singular)
louten (plural present)
loute (plural present)
louteden (past plural)
loutede (past plural)
louten (past plural)
loute (past plural)
louteth (imperative plural present)
loute (imperative plural present)
loutynge (participle present)
loutende (participle present)
louted (participle past)
lout (participle past)
ylouted (participle past)
ylout (participle past)
loute (alternative)
lowten (alternative)
lowton (alternative)
lowtyn (alternative)
lowte (alternative)
lutenn (alternative)

English: lout (obsolete)

Scots: lout, loot, lowt

From Old English lūtan, from Proto-Germanic *lūtaną.

(ambitransitive) To bow; to lower oneself in prostration or submission.

(ambitransitive) To become submissive; to follow the orders of or yield to somebody.

(ambitransitive) To pray or show devotion towards a deity or religious figure.

(usually transitive) To revere or admire; to show deference for somebody.

(intransitive) To crouch or squat; to lower one's body.

(ambitransitive) To lower one's head; to slouch or droop.

(intransitive) To fall over; to topple (often in the context of death)

(intransitive, rare) To travel or go downwards or down.

(ambitransitive, figurative) To decline; to suffer from ill luck.


louten

louten (infinitive)
to louten (infinitive)
loute (infinitive)
loute (first-person present singular)
louted (first-person past singular)
loutest (present second-person singular)
loutedest (past second-person singular)
louteth (present singular third-person)
louted (past singular third-person)
loute (present singular subjunctive)
louted (past singular subjunctive)
loute (imperative present singular)
louten (plural present)
loute (plural present)
louteden (past plural)
loutede (past plural)
louteth (imperative plural present)
loute (imperative plural present)
loutynge (participle present)
loutende (participle present)
louted (participle past)
ylouted (participle past)
lutie (alternative)

From Old English lūtian, from Proto-Germanic *lutōną.

(ambitransitive) To conceal; to place out of sight.

(ambitransitive, rare) To live or inhabit.


loute

alternative form of louten (“to prostrate”)


lutenn

(Ormulum) alternative form of louten (“to prostrate”)


lutie

alternative form of louten (“to conceal”)


gnawen

enm-verb

gnawen (third-person singular simple present gnaweth, present participle gnawynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative gnew, past participle gnowen)

gnaweth (present singular third-person)
gnawynge (participle present)
gnew (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
gnowen (participle past)
gnawen (infinitive)
to gnawen (infinitive)
gnawe (infinitive)
gnawe (first-person present singular)
gnow (first-person past singular)
gnogh (first-person past singular)
gnew (first-person past singular)
gnawest (present second-person singular)
gnowe (past second-person singular)
gnewe (past second-person singular)
gnow (past second-person singular)
gnogh (past second-person singular)
gnew (past second-person singular)
gnaweth (present singular third-person)
gnow (past singular third-person)
gnogh (past singular third-person)
gnew (past singular third-person)
gnawe (present singular subjunctive)
gnowe (past singular subjunctive)
gnewe (past singular subjunctive)
gnawe (imperative present singular)
gnawen (plural present)
gnawe (plural present)
gnowen (past plural)
gnowe (past plural)
gnewen (past plural)
gnewe (past plural)
gnaweth (imperative plural present)
gnawe (imperative plural present)
gnawynge (participle present)
gnawende (participle present)
gnawen (participle past)
gnawe (participle past)
ygnawe (participle past)
gnaȝen (alternative)
gnauen (alternative)
gnauyn (alternative)
gnawe (alternative)
gnawyn (alternative)
knauyn (alternative)
knawen (alternative)
knawyn (alternative)

English: gnaw, knaw

Scots: gnaw, knaw

Yola: gnafeen (ppl.) (<gnaȝen)

From Old English gnagan, from Proto-West Germanic *gnagan, Proto-Germanic *gnaganą.

(rare) To anguish or worry; to cause concern.

(rare) To mock, insult or slight; to speak negatively of.

(rare) To feel anguish, worry, or concern.


bakynge

bakeing (alternative)
bakenge (alternative)


brewen

brewen (infinitive)
to brewen (infinitive)
brewe (infinitive)
brewe (first-person present singular)
brew (first-person past singular)
brewed (first-person past singular)
brewest (present second-person singular)
browe (past second-person singular)
brew (past second-person singular)
brewedest (past second-person singular)
breweth (present singular third-person)
brew (past singular third-person)
brewed (past singular third-person)
brewe (present singular subjunctive)
browe (past singular subjunctive)
brewed (past singular subjunctive)
brewe (imperative present singular)
brewen (plural present)
brewe (plural present)
browen (past plural)
browe (past plural)
breweden (past plural)
brewede (past plural)
breweth (imperative plural present)
brewe (imperative plural present)
brewynge (participle present)
brewende (participle present)
browen (participle past)
browe (participle past)
brewed (participle past)
ybrowen (participle past)
ybrowe (participle past)
ybrewed (participle past)
breuen (alternative)
brew (alternative)
brewe (alternative)

English: brew

Scots: brew

To brew; to make or be involved in making alcoholic beverages (especially beer).

To induce or cause a condition or effect; to foment or effect.

To unfold or begin; to start to happen or take effect.


scanden

scanden (third-person singular simple present scandeth, present participle scandende, scandynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle scanded)

scandeth (present singular third-person)
scandende (participle present)
scandynge (participle present)
scanded (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
scanden (infinitive)
to scanden (infinitive)
scande (infinitive)
scande (first-person present singular)
scanded (first-person past singular)
scande (first-person past singular)
scandest (present second-person singular)
scandedest (past second-person singular)
scandest (past second-person singular)
scandeth (present singular third-person)
scanded (past singular third-person)
scande (past singular third-person)
scande (present singular subjunctive)
scanded (past singular subjunctive)
scande (past singular subjunctive)
scande (imperative present singular)
scanden (plural present)
scande (plural present)
scandeden (past plural)
scandede (past plural)
scanden (past plural)
scande (past plural)
scandeth (imperative plural present)
scande (imperative plural present)
scandynge (participle present)
scandende (participle present)
scanded (participle past)
scand (participle past)
yscanded (participle past)
yscand (participle past)
scande (alternative)
scanne (alternative)

English: scan

Middle Scots: scand

desc

Scots: scan (possibly reborrowed from English)

Borrowed from Late Latin scandō (“to scan verse”), from classical Latin scandō (“to surmount”), from Proto-Indo-European *skend-.
Forms without /d/ are presumably from the reinterpretation of -de as the suffix forming the past tense.

bor+

(rare) To scan verse; to mark verse according to its metrical structure.


scanden

(Early Middle English) alternative form of schonden


styngynge

stinginge (alternative)
stingyng (alternative)
styngyn (alternative)
styngyng (alternative)


styngen

enm-verb

styngen (third-person singular simple present styngeth, present participle styngynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative stang, past participle stungen)

styngeth (present singular third-person)
styngynge (participle present)
stang (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
stungen (participle past)
styngen (infinitive)
to styngen (infinitive)
stynge (infinitive)
stynge (first-person present singular)
stang (first-person past singular)
styngest (present second-person singular)
stunge (past second-person singular)
stonge (past second-person singular)
stang (past second-person singular)
styngeth (present singular third-person)
stang (past singular third-person)
stynge (present singular subjunctive)
stunge (past singular subjunctive)
stonge (past singular subjunctive)
stynge (imperative present singular)
styngen (plural present)
stynge (plural present)
stungen (past plural)
stunge (past plural)
stongen (past plural)
stonge (past plural)
styngeth (imperative plural present)
stynge (imperative plural present)
styngynge (participle present)
styngende (participle present)
stungen (participle past)
stunge (participle past)
stongen (participle past)
stonge (participle past)
ystungen (participle past)
ystunge (participle past)
sting (alternative)
stinge (alternative)
stingen (alternative)
styng (alternative)
stynge (alternative)
styngge (alternative)

English: sting

Scots: sting

Inherited from Old English stingan, from Proto-West Germanic *stingan, from Proto-Germanic *stinganą.

To pierce or stab; to injure with a point.

To sting (to bite, usually using a stinger)

(usually in the past participle) To afflict or injure.


stynkynge

From stynken + -ing (“present participle ending”).


stenchen

enm-verb

stenchen (third-person singular simple present stencheth, present participle stenchende, stenchynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle stenched)

stencheth (present singular third-person)
stenchende (participle present)
stenchynge (participle present)
stenched (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
stenchen (infinitive)
to stenchen (infinitive)
stenche (infinitive)
stenche (first-person present singular)
stenched (first-person past singular)
stenchest (present second-person singular)
stenchedest (past second-person singular)
stencheth (present singular third-person)
stenched (past singular third-person)
stenche (present singular subjunctive)
stenched (past singular subjunctive)
stenche (imperative present singular)
stenchen (plural present)
stenche (plural present)
stencheden (past plural)
stenchede (past plural)
stencheth (imperative plural present)
stenche (imperative plural present)
stenchynge (participle present)
stenchende (participle present)
stenched (participle past)
ystenched (participle past)
stenche (alternative)

English: stench (obsolete)

Inherited from Old English stenċan, from Proto-West Germanic *stankwijan, from Proto-Germanic *stankwijaną, by surface analysis, stench + -en (infinitival suffix).


stynken

stynken (infinitive)
to stynken (infinitive)
stynke (infinitive)
stynke (first-person present singular)
stank (first-person past singular)
stynkest (present second-person singular)
stunke (past second-person singular)
stank (past second-person singular)
stynketh (present singular third-person)
stank (past singular third-person)
stynke (present singular subjunctive)
stunke (past singular subjunctive)
stynke (imperative present singular)
stynken (plural present)
stynke (plural present)
stunken (past plural)
stunke (past plural)
stynketh (imperative plural present)
stynke (imperative plural present)
stynkynge (participle present)
stynkende (participle present)
stunken (participle past)
stunke (participle past)
ystunken (participle past)
ystunke (participle past)
stynkkyn (alternative)
stenke (alternative)
styngke (alternative)
stynke (alternative)
stinken (alternative)

Scots: stink

English: stink

To emit a smell or stench; to stink (almost always an unpleasant smell)

To be morally indefensible or wrong; to be totally detestable or loathable.

(rare) To (be able to) detect or discern a displeasing scent or smell.

(rare) To produce or create a displeasing scent, stench or smell.


souken

souken (infinitive)
to souken (infinitive)
souke (infinitive)
souke (first-person present singular)
sek (first-person past singular)
sok (first-person past singular)
souked (first-person past singular)
soukest (present second-person singular)
soke (past second-person singular)
sek (past second-person singular)
sok (past second-person singular)
soukedest (past second-person singular)
souketh (present singular third-person)
sek (past singular third-person)
sok (past singular third-person)
souked (past singular third-person)
souke (present singular subjunctive)
soke (past singular subjunctive)
souked (past singular subjunctive)
souke (imperative present singular)
souken (plural present)
souke (plural present)
soken (past plural)
soke (past plural)
soukeden (past plural)
soukede (past plural)
souketh (imperative plural present)
souke (imperative plural present)
soukynge (participle present)
soukende (participle present)
soken (participle past)
soke (participle past)
souked (participle past)
ysoken (participle past)
ysoke (participle past)
ysouked (participle past)
socon (alternative)
soken (alternative)
sokke (alternative)
sokun (alternative)
sokyn (alternative)
souke (alternative)
sowke (alternative)
sowkyn (alternative)
suken (alternative)

English: suck

Scots: souke

Inherited from Old English sūcan, sūgan, from Proto-West Germanic *sūkan, *sūgan, from Proto-Germanic *sūkaną, *sūganą.

To suck (to draw with the mouth):
To breastfeed (of an infant)

To milk (extract milk from breasts or udders)

To suck (to draw with the mouth):
To suck out liquid or fluid

To suck (to draw with the mouth):
To drink liquid (such as blood, honey)

To extract or draw (move to a given location)

To remove (especially by absorbing or sucking)

To take money or finances (especially when using up money)


soukynge

sokyng (alternative)
sokynge (alternative)
souking (alternative)
soukyng (alternative)
sowkyng (alternative)


kemben

enm-verb

kemben (third-person singular simple present kembeth, present participle kembynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative kempte, past participle kempt)

kembeth (present singular third-person)
kembynge (participle present)
kempte (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
kempt (participle past)
kemben (infinitive)
to kemben (infinitive)
kembe (infinitive)
kembe (first-person present singular)
kembed (first-person past singular)
kempte (first-person past singular)
kembest (present second-person singular)
kembedest (past second-person singular)
kemptest (past second-person singular)
kembeth (present singular third-person)
kembed (past singular third-person)
kempte (past singular third-person)
kembe (present singular subjunctive)
kembed (past singular subjunctive)
kempte (past singular subjunctive)
kembe (imperative present singular)
kemben (plural present)
kembe (plural present)
kembeden (past plural)
kembede (past plural)
kempten (past plural)
kempte (past plural)
kembeth (imperative plural present)
kembe (imperative plural present)
kembynge (participle present)
kembende (participle present)
kembed (participle past)
kempt (participle past)
ykembed (participle past)
ykempt (participle past)
keembe (alternative)
kemen (alternative)
kemmen (alternative)
kemyn (alternative)

English: kemb (obsolete except for kempt, unkempt), comb (remodelled on the noun)

Scots: kem, keme

Yola: khimed (preterite)

From Old English cemban, from Proto-West Germanic *kambijan, from Proto-Germanic *kambijaną.

But first he cheweth greyn and lycorys / To smellen sweete, er he hadde kembd his heer.

a. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Knight's Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, lines 3690–3691:

Though first he chews spices and licorice, / To smell sweet before he'd combed his hair.

To comb or brush one's hair; to use a comb.


steppynge

stappyng (alternative)
stappynge (alternative)
stepping (alternative)
steppyng (alternative)


haylen

haylen (infinitive)
to haylen (infinitive)
hayle (infinitive)
hayle (first-person present singular)
hayled (first-person past singular)
haylest (present second-person singular)
hayledest (past second-person singular)
hayleth (present singular third-person)
hayled (past singular third-person)
hayle (present singular subjunctive)
hayled (past singular subjunctive)
hayle (imperative present singular)
haylen (plural present)
hayle (plural present)
hayleden (past plural)
haylede (past plural)
hayleth (imperative plural present)
hayle (imperative plural present)
haylynge (participle present)
haylende (participle present)
hayled (participle past)
yhayled (participle past)
hailen (alternative)
heylen (alternative)
hale (alternative)
hauli (alternative)
haweli (alternative)

English: hail

Scots: hail

From Old English hagolian, from Proto-Germanic *haglōną, equivalent to hayle + -en (infinitival suffix).

(impersonal) to hail (of hail, to fall from the sky)


haylen

alternative form of heilen (“to greet with "hail!"”)


haylen

alternative form of halen (“to drag, pull”)


mercien

mercien (infinitive)
to mercien (infinitive)
mercie (infinitive)
mercie (first-person present singular)
mercied (first-person past singular)
merciest (present second-person singular)
merciedest (past second-person singular)
mercieth (present singular third-person)
mercied (past singular third-person)
mercie (present singular subjunctive)
mercied (past singular subjunctive)
mercie (imperative present singular)
mercien (plural present)
mercie (plural present)
mercieden (past plural)
merciede (past plural)
mercieth (imperative plural present)
mercie (imperative plural present)
merciynge (participle present)
merciende (participle present)
mercied (participle past)
ymercied (participle past)
mercien (alternative)
mercyn (alternative)


elnen

elnen (infinitive)
to elnen (infinitive)
elne (infinitive)
elne (first-person present singular)
elned (first-person past singular)
elnest (present second-person singular)
elnedest (past second-person singular)
elneth (present singular third-person)
elned (past singular third-person)
elne (present singular subjunctive)
elned (past singular subjunctive)
elne (imperative present singular)
elnen (plural present)
elne (plural present)
elneden (past plural)
elnede (past plural)
elneth (imperative plural present)
elne (imperative plural present)
elnynge (participle present)
elnende (participle present)
elned (participle past)
yelned (participle past)

English: elne

From Old English elnian, from Proto-Germanic *aljanōną; equivalent to elne (“power”) + -en (infinitival suffix).

af

To make strong or mighty; to encourage or motivate.


dreamen

(Early Middle English) alternative form of dremen


cheynen

enm-verb

cheynen (third-person singular simple present cheyneth, present participle cheynende, cheynynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle cheyned)

cheyneth (present singular third-person)
cheynende (participle present)
cheynynge (participle present)
cheyned (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
cheynen (infinitive)
to cheynen (infinitive)
cheyne (infinitive)
cheyne (first-person present singular)
cheyned (first-person past singular)
cheynest (present second-person singular)
cheynedest (past second-person singular)
cheyneth (present singular third-person)
cheyned (past singular third-person)
cheyne (present singular subjunctive)
cheyned (past singular subjunctive)
cheyne (imperative present singular)
cheynen (plural present)
cheyne (plural present)
cheyneden (past plural)
cheynede (past plural)
cheyneth (imperative plural present)
cheyne (imperative plural present)
cheynynge (participle present)
cheynende (participle present)
cheyned (participle past)
ycheyned (participle past)
cheyne (alternative)
cheynyn (alternative)
chyne (alternative)

English: chain

Scots: cheen, chyne

/ˈt͡ʃæi̯nən/

/ˈt͡ʃæi̯ɳ(ən)/

To bind or shackle; to restrict a creature's movement.

(rare) To restrict entry or access using chains.

(rare) To use a chain to keep something in place.


couplen

couplen (infinitive)
to couplen (infinitive)
couple (infinitive)
couple (first-person present singular)
coupled (first-person past singular)
couplest (present second-person singular)
coupledest (past second-person singular)
coupleth (present singular third-person)
coupled (past singular third-person)
couple (present singular subjunctive)
coupled (past singular subjunctive)
couple (imperative present singular)
couplen (plural present)
couple (plural present)
coupleden (past plural)
couplede (past plural)
coupleth (imperative plural present)
couple (imperative plural present)
couplynge (participle present)
couplende (participle present)
coupled (participle past)
ycoupled (participle past)
couple (alternative)
cupyll (alternative)
coupull (alternative)

English: couple

Scots: cowpill (obsolete)

From Old French coupler, from Latin cōpulō; equivalent to couple + -en (infinitival suffix).

To marry or wed; to join in a matrimonial union.

To unite people in common cause or grouping; to connect.

To connect or fasten (one, two, or more things)

To link together; to deem as or make similar or connected.

To attach animals to a lead, string or harness.

(rare) To attach support beams to a roof.


couplynge

coupelyng (alternative)
coupling (alternative)
couplyng (alternative)
cowplyng (alternative)
cuppillynge (alternative)


dabben

dabben (infinitive)
to dabben (infinitive)
dabbe (infinitive)
dabbe (first-person present singular)
dabbed (first-person past singular)
dabbest (present second-person singular)
dabbedest (past second-person singular)
dabbeth (present singular third-person)
dabbed (past singular third-person)
dabbe (present singular subjunctive)
dabbed (past singular subjunctive)
dabbe (imperative present singular)
dabben (plural present)
dabbe (plural present)
dabbeden (past plural)
dabbede (past plural)
dabbeth (imperative plural present)
dabbe (imperative plural present)
dabbynge (participle present)
dabbende (participle present)
dabbed (participle past)
ydabbed (participle past)

English: dab

Compare Icelandic dabba (“to tap, slap”).


mirien

mirien (infinitive)
to mirien (infinitive)
mirie (infinitive)
mirie (first-person present singular)
miried (first-person past singular)
miriest (present second-person singular)
miriedest (past second-person singular)
mirieth (present singular third-person)
miried (past singular third-person)
mirie (present singular subjunctive)
miried (past singular subjunctive)
mirie (imperative present singular)
mirien (plural present)
mirie (plural present)
mirieden (past plural)
miriede (past plural)
mirieth (imperative plural present)
mirie (imperative plural present)
miriynge (participle present)
miriende (participle present)
miried (participle past)
ymiried (participle past)
murgen (alternative)

From Old English myrgan; equivalent to mery + -en (infinitival suffix).

To feel merry; to feel joyfulness or gladness


myrthen

myrthen (infinitive)
to myrthen (infinitive)
myrthe (infinitive)
myrthe (first-person present singular)
myrthed (first-person past singular)
myrthest (present second-person singular)
myrthedest (past second-person singular)
myrtheth (present singular third-person)
myrthed (past singular third-person)
myrthe (present singular subjunctive)
myrthed (past singular subjunctive)
myrthe (imperative present singular)
myrthen (plural present)
myrthe (plural present)
myrtheden (past plural)
myrthede (past plural)
myrtheth (imperative plural present)
myrthe (imperative plural present)
myrthynge (participle present)
myrthende (participle present)
myrthed (participle past)
ymyrthed (participle past)
myrthe (alternative)
merþe (alternative)
mirth (alternative)
mirthe (alternative)
murthen (alternative)
mirthen (alternative)

To supply with pleasure, joy, or gladness.


flowynge

English: flowing, flowin'

Middle Scots: flowand

Scots: flowin

floyng (alternative)
flouynge (alternative)
flowinge (alternative)
flowyng (alternative)
fluyng (alternative)


overflowen

overflowen (infinitive)
to overflowen (infinitive)
overflowe (infinitive)
overflowe (first-person present singular)
overflowed (first-person past singular)
overflew (first-person past singular)
overflowest (present second-person singular)
overflowedest (past second-person singular)
overflewe (past second-person singular)
overflew (past second-person singular)
overfloweth (present singular third-person)
overflowed (past singular third-person)
overflew (past singular third-person)
overflowe (present singular subjunctive)
overflowed (past singular subjunctive)
overflewe (past singular subjunctive)
overflowe (imperative present singular)
overflowen (plural present)
overflowe (plural present)
overfloweden (past plural)
overflowede (past plural)
overflewen (past plural)
overflewe (past plural)
overfloweth (imperative plural present)
overflowe (imperative plural present)
overflowynge (participle present)
overflowende (participle present)
overflowed (participle past)
overflowen (participle past)
overflowe (participle past)
ouerfluen (alternative)
overflowe (alternative)
overe flowen (alternative)
over-flowyn (alternative)

English: overflow

From Old English oferflōwan; equivalent to over- + flowen.

To overflow; to cause flooding or immerse in water.

(rare) To flow in profuse or excessive quantities.

(rare) To exist in profuse or great quantities.


cwellen

(Early Middle English) alternative form of quellen