toþen

toþen (infinitive)
to toþen (infinitive)
toþe (infinitive)
toþe (first-person present singular)
toþed (first-person past singular)
toþest (present second-person singular)
toþedest (past second-person singular)
toþeth (present singular third-person)
toþed (past singular third-person)
toþe (present singular subjunctive)
toþed (past singular subjunctive)
toþe (imperative present singular)
toþen (plural present)
toþe (plural present)
toþeden (past plural)
toþede (past plural)
toþeth (imperative plural present)
toþe (imperative plural present)
toþynge (participle present)
toþende (participle present)
toþed (participle past)
ytoþed (participle past)
tothen (alternative)
toothen (alternative)
tuthe (alternative)

English: tooth


tethen

tethen (infinitive)
to tethen (infinitive)
tethe (infinitive)
tethe (first-person present singular)
tethed (first-person past singular)
tethest (present second-person singular)
tethedest (past second-person singular)
tetheth (present singular third-person)
tethed (past singular third-person)
tethe (present singular subjunctive)
tethed (past singular subjunctive)
tethe (imperative present singular)
tethen (plural present)
tethe (plural present)
tetheden (past plural)
tethede (past plural)
tetheth (imperative plural present)
tethe (imperative plural present)
tethynge (participle present)
tethende (participle present)
tethed (participle past)
ytethed (participle past)

English: teethe

Scots: teethe


grassen

grassen (infinitive)
to grassen (infinitive)
grasse (infinitive)
grasse (first-person present singular)
grassed (first-person past singular)
grassest (present second-person singular)
grassedest (past second-person singular)
grasseth (present singular third-person)
grassed (past singular third-person)
grasse (present singular subjunctive)
grassed (past singular subjunctive)
grasse (imperative present singular)
grassen (plural present)
grasse (plural present)
grasseden (past plural)
grassede (past plural)
grasseth (imperative plural present)
grasse (imperative plural present)
grassynge (participle present)
grassende (participle present)
grassed (participle past)
ygrassed (participle past)
gresse (alternative)
grase (alternative)
gryssen (alternative)

English: grass

Scots: gress, girse

(rare) To grass; to develop grass or have grass growing on.


herien

herien (infinitive)
to herien (infinitive)
herie (infinitive)
herie (first-person present singular)
heried (first-person past singular)
heriest (present second-person singular)
heriedest (past second-person singular)
herieth (present singular third-person)
heried (past singular third-person)
herie (present singular subjunctive)
heried (past singular subjunctive)
herie (imperative present singular)
herien (plural present)
herie (plural present)
herieden (past plural)
heriede (past plural)
herieth (imperative plural present)
herie (imperative plural present)
heriynge (participle present)
heriende (participle present)
heried (participle past)
yheried (participle past)
heryen (alternative)
heriȝen (alternative)
hærien (alternative)
herrien (alternative)
heryyn (alternative)
heryhe (alternative)
herye (alternative)

English: herry, herye (obsolete)

From Old English herian, from Proto-West Germanic *haʀjan.

14thC, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Clerk's Prologue and Tale, 2002, Marion Wynne-Davies (editor), The Tales of The Clerk and The Wife of Bath, page 94,
And whan that folk it to his fader tolde, / Nat oonly he, but al his contree merye / Was for this child, and God they thanke and herye.

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

c. 1380s, Geoffrey Chaucer, Troilus and Criseyde, 1810, Samuel Johnson (editor), Alexander Chalmers (additional lives), The Works of the English Poets, from Chaucer to Cowper, Volume 1, page 251,
How I mote tell anon right the gladnesse / Of Troilus, to Venus herying, / To the which who nede hath, God him bring.

14thC, William de Shoreham, 1851, Early English Poetry, Ballads and Popular Literature of the Middle Ages, Volume 28, Percy Society, page 117,
Thyse aungeles heryeth here wyth stevene, / Ase he hys hare quene of he[ve]ne.


herien

herien (infinitive)
to herien (infinitive)
herie (infinitive)
herie (first-person present singular)
heried (first-person past singular)
heriest (present second-person singular)
heriedest (past second-person singular)
herieth (present singular third-person)
heried (past singular third-person)
herie (present singular subjunctive)
heried (past singular subjunctive)
herie (imperative present singular)
herien (plural present)
herie (plural present)
herieden (past plural)
heriede (past plural)
herieth (imperative plural present)
herie (imperative plural present)
heriynge (participle present)
heriende (participle present)
heried (participle past)
yheried (participle past)
harien (alternative)
haryen (alternative)
herȝien (alternative)
herȝen (alternative)
herwen (alternative)
harwen (alternative)
harowen (alternative)

English: harry, harrow

Scots: herry, hery, hary

From Old English herġian, from Proto-West Germanic *harjōn, from Proto-Germanic *harjōną. Equivalent to here (“army”) + -en (infinitival suffix).

af

To steal, snatch, or burglarise; to take without permission.

To defeat in battle; to attain or achieve victory.

(rare) To fight, enter battle or combat.


heryen

alternative form of herien (“to commend”)


hærien

(Early Middle English) alternative form of herien (“to commend”)


fotynge

foting (alternative)
fotyng (alternative)
futyng (alternative)


pleyen

pleyen (infinitive)
to pleyen (infinitive)
pleye (infinitive)
pleye (first-person present singular)
pleyed (first-person past singular)
pleyest (present second-person singular)
pleyedest (past second-person singular)
pleyeth (present singular third-person)
pleyed (past singular third-person)
pleye (present singular subjunctive)
pleyed (past singular subjunctive)
pleye (imperative present singular)
pleyen (plural present)
pleye (plural present)
pleyeden (past plural)
pleyede (past plural)
pleyeth (imperative plural present)
pleye (imperative plural present)
pleyynge (participle present)
pleyende (participle present)
pleyed (participle past)
ypleyed (participle past)
pleien (alternative)
pleiȝen (alternative)
playen (alternative)
pleȝen (alternative)
plæien (alternative)
plaien (alternative)
pleye (alternative)
plaȝen (alternative)
plawen (alternative)

English: play, plaw

Scots: play

From a conflation of Old English pleġan and pleġian, from Proto-West Germanic *plehan and *plegōn. Equivalent to pleye + -en (infinitival suffix).

To entertain; to play or engage in recreation or sports:

To engage in a game or sport, especially for money.

To entertain oneself; to play or engage in recreation with oneself

To go on a holiday or a journey for the purpose of enjoyment.

To jump satisfactorily; bounce gleefully.

To engage in social behaviour; to make small-talk.

To act in a certain manner; to act like (something or someone):

To imitate or deceive; to recast or recreate a past event.

To participate in a theatrical production.

To play music; to sing and/or play an instrument.

(rare) To provide entertainment, happiness or fun; to participate in a performance that is neither theatrical or musical.

(rare) To work at; do something as one's job, career, or living.


pleyen

pleyen (infinitive)
to pleyen (infinitive)
pleye (infinitive)
pleye (first-person present singular)
pleyed (first-person past singular)
pleyest (present second-person singular)
pleyedest (past second-person singular)
pleyeth (present singular third-person)
pleyed (past singular third-person)
pleye (present singular subjunctive)
pleyed (past singular subjunctive)
pleye (imperative present singular)
pleyen (plural present)
pleye (plural present)
pleyeden (past plural)
pleyede (past plural)
pleyeth (imperative plural present)
pleye (imperative plural present)
pleyynge (participle present)
pleyende (participle present)
pleyed (participle past)
ypleyed (participle past)
ple (alternative)
pleien (alternative)

English: plea

Scots: plea

From ple (“plea”) + -en (infinitival suffix).

To produce proof or evidence for a plea.


plæien

(Early Middle English) alternative form of pleyen (“to play”)


fomen

enm-verb

fomen (third-person singular simple present fometh, present participle fomende, fomynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle fomed)

fometh (present singular third-person)
fomende (participle present)
fomynge (participle present)
fomed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
fomen (infinitive)
to fomen (infinitive)
fome (infinitive)
fome (first-person present singular)
fomed (first-person past singular)
fomest (present second-person singular)
fomedest (past second-person singular)
fometh (present singular third-person)
fomed (past singular third-person)
fome (present singular subjunctive)
fomed (past singular subjunctive)
fome (imperative present singular)
fomen (plural present)
fome (plural present)
fomeden (past plural)
fomede (past plural)
fometh (imperative plural present)
fome (imperative plural present)
fomynge (participle present)
fomende (participle present)
fomed (participle past)
yfomed (participle past)
famen (alternative)

English: foam

Scots: faem

From fom (“foam”) + -en (infinitival suffix), replacing earlier femen.

To drool or slobber; to release saliva or spit (especially foamy).

To flow, stream out, emit, or release blood.


coynynge

coynyng (alternative)
koynyng (alternative)


coynen

coynen (infinitive)
to coynen (infinitive)
coyne (infinitive)
coyne (first-person present singular)
coyned (first-person past singular)
coynest (present second-person singular)
coynedest (past second-person singular)
coyneth (present singular third-person)
coyned (past singular third-person)
coyne (present singular subjunctive)
coyned (past singular subjunctive)
coyne (imperative present singular)
coynen (plural present)
coyne (plural present)
coyneden (past plural)
coynede (past plural)
coyneth (imperative plural present)
coyne (imperative plural present)
coynynge (participle present)
coynende (participle present)
coyned (participle past)
ycoyned (participle past)
coignen (alternative)
koynen (alternative)
conyen (alternative)
cunen (alternative)
coigne (alternative)

English: coin

Scots: cunzie, cuinyie (obsolete as a verb)

From Old French coignier; equivalent to coyn (“coin, quoin”) + -en (infinitival suffix).

af

To make or strike an impression on metal as to make money; to coin.

To manufacture coins; to create coinage.


spilen

spilen (infinitive)
to spilen (infinitive)
spile (infinitive)
spile (first-person present singular)
spiled (first-person past singular)
spilest (present second-person singular)
spiledest (past second-person singular)
spileth (present singular third-person)
spiled (past singular third-person)
spile (present singular subjunctive)
spiled (past singular subjunctive)
spile (imperative present singular)
spilen (plural present)
spile (plural present)
spileden (past plural)
spilede (past plural)
spileth (imperative plural present)
spile (imperative plural present)
spilynge (participle present)
spilende (participle present)
spiled (participle past)
yspiled (participle past)

Early Scots: *spel, *spele (attested in spelare)

Scots: speill

→ English: speel

(rare) to amuse or entertain oneself; to party


londen

londen (infinitive)
to londen (infinitive)
londe (infinitive)
londe (first-person present singular)
londed (first-person past singular)
londest (present second-person singular)
londedest (past second-person singular)
londeth (present singular third-person)
londed (past singular third-person)
londe (present singular subjunctive)
londed (past singular subjunctive)
londe (imperative present singular)
londen (plural present)
londe (plural present)
londeden (past plural)
londede (past plural)
londeth (imperative plural present)
londe (imperative plural present)
londynge (participle present)
londende (participle present)
londed (participle past)
ylonded (participle past)
landen (alternative)
lande (alternative)
londe (alternative)
lond (alternative)

English: land

Scots: laund

From lond + -en (infinitival suffix). Compare earlier lenden.

To walk onto land; to leave one's vessel.

To be at one's destination; to make an arrival.


arȝen

arȝen (infinitive)
to arȝen (infinitive)
arȝe (infinitive)
arȝe (first-person present singular)
arȝed (first-person past singular)
arȝest (present second-person singular)
arȝedest (past second-person singular)
arȝeth (present singular third-person)
arȝed (past singular third-person)
arȝe (present singular subjunctive)
arȝed (past singular subjunctive)
arȝe (imperative present singular)
arȝen (plural present)
arȝe (plural present)
arȝeden (past plural)
arȝede (past plural)
arȝeth (imperative plural present)
arȝe (imperative plural present)
arȝynge (participle present)
arȝende (participle present)
arȝed (participle past)
yarȝed (participle past)
arghen (alternative)
arewen (alternative)
aryhen (alternative)
erȝian (alternative)

From Old English eargian, from Proto-West Germanic *argēn. Equivalent to argh + -en (infinitival suffix).

To become or be scared, frightened or afraid.


byndynge

binding (alternative)
bindynge (alternative)
bynding (alternative)
byndinge (alternative)
byndyng (alternative)
bindung (alternative Early-Middle-English)
bindunge (alternative Early-Middle-English)


daschen

daschen (infinitive)
to daschen (infinitive)
dasche (infinitive)
dasche (first-person present singular)
dasched (first-person past singular)
daschest (present second-person singular)
daschedest (past second-person singular)
dascheth (present singular third-person)
dasched (past singular third-person)
dasche (present singular subjunctive)
dasched (past singular subjunctive)
dasche (imperative present singular)
daschen (plural present)
dasche (plural present)
dascheden (past plural)
daschede (past plural)
dascheth (imperative plural present)
dasche (imperative plural present)
daschynge (participle present)
daschende (participle present)
dasched (participle past)
ydasched (participle past)
dassh (alternative)
dasse (alternative)
dassen (alternative)
daschyn (alternative)
dasshen (alternative)
daysshen (alternative)

English: dash

Scots: dash

From the Old Danish ancestor of Danish daske. Equivalent to dasch + -en (infinitival suffix).

To hit with a weapon and cause damage; to land a blow or hit.

To run; to move hastily and with a sense of urgency.

(rare) To hit a percussion instrument as to play it.

(rare, Late Middle English) To destroy or ruin by blade or weapon.

(rare, Late Middle English) To ruin a matrimonial bond; to separate partners.


asweved

From Old English āswefan; equivalent to a- + sweven.

(hapax legomenon, Late Middle English) put to sleep, dulled


depen

depen (infinitive)
to depen (infinitive)
depe (infinitive)
depe (first-person present singular)
deped (first-person past singular)
depest (present second-person singular)
depedest (past second-person singular)
depeth (present singular third-person)
deped (past singular third-person)
depe (present singular subjunctive)
deped (past singular subjunctive)
depe (imperative present singular)
depen (plural present)
depe (plural present)
depeden (past plural)
depede (past plural)
depeth (imperative plural present)
depe (imperative plural present)
depynge (participle present)
depende (participle present)
deped (participle past)
ydeped (participle past)
deppen (alternative)
depe (alternative)

English: deep (obsolete)

Scots: depe

From the merger of Old English dēopian and dīepan, from Proto-West Germanic *deupōn and *daupijan, respectively. Equivalent to depe + -en (infinitival suffix).

To submerge or place in water or another liquid.

To submerge or place in water in order to colour an object; to tint.

(rare) To engage oneself in a narrative.


omitten

omitten (infinitive)
to omitten (infinitive)
omitte (infinitive)
omitte (first-person present singular)
omitted (first-person past singular)
omittest (present second-person singular)
omittedest (past second-person singular)
omitteth (present singular third-person)
omitted (past singular third-person)
omitte (present singular subjunctive)
omitted (past singular subjunctive)
omitte (imperative present singular)
omitten (plural present)
omitte (plural present)
omitteden (past plural)
omittede (past plural)
omitteth (imperative plural present)
omitte (imperative plural present)
omittynge (participle present)
omittende (participle present)
omitted (participle past)
yomitted (participle past)
omitte (alternative)
ommitten (alternative)
omytten (alternative)

English: omit

Scots: omit

(Late Middle English, rare) to omit; to leave out or leave alone


swien

swīen (canonical)
swigen (alternative)
swigigen (alternative)
swiȝie (alternative)
swie (alternative)

to be silent, to refrain from speaking or making sound


sweien

sweiȝan (alternative)
sweie (alternative)
swie (alternative)


sweien

swei (alternative)
swie (alternative)
sweȝe (alternative)

Probably from Old Norse sveigja (“bend”).

to bend or move in a swaying or sweeping way

(transitive, intransitive) to move downward; to fall

(transitive, intransitive) to move quickly


quenchen

enm-verb

quenchen (third-person singular simple present quencheth, present participle quenchende, quenchynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle quenched)

quencheth (present singular third-person)
quenchende (participle present)
quenchynge (participle present)
quenched (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
quenchen (infinitive)
to quenchen (infinitive)
quenche (infinitive)
quenche (first-person present singular)
quenched (first-person past singular)
quenchest (present second-person singular)
quenchedest (past second-person singular)
quencheth (present singular third-person)
quenched (past singular third-person)
quenche (present singular subjunctive)
quenched (past singular subjunctive)
quenche (imperative present singular)
quenchen (plural present)
quenche (plural present)
quencheden (past plural)
quenchede (past plural)
quencheth (imperative plural present)
quenche (imperative plural present)
quenchynge (participle present)
quenchende (participle present)
quenched (participle past)
yquenched (participle past)
cwenche (alternative)
kuenche (alternative)
quenche (alternative)
queynchen (alternative)
qwenchen (alternative)
quynchen (alternative)
cwennkenn (alternative Ormulum)

English: quench

Scots: quench

Inherited from Old English cwenċan, from Proto-West Germanic *kwankijan, from Proto-Germanic *kwankijaną.

To spray or douse with water or another liquid.

(medicine) To modify mercury to make it usable in recipes.


cwenche

(Early Middle English) alternative form of quenchen


aswagen

aswagen (infinitive)
to aswagen (infinitive)
aswage (infinitive)
aswage (first-person present singular)
aswaged (first-person past singular)
aswagest (present second-person singular)
aswagedest (past second-person singular)
aswageth (present singular third-person)
aswaged (past singular third-person)
aswage (present singular subjunctive)
aswaged (past singular subjunctive)
aswage (imperative present singular)
aswagen (plural present)
aswage (plural present)
aswageden (past plural)
aswagede (past plural)
aswageth (imperative plural present)
aswage (imperative plural present)
aswagynge (participle present)
aswagende (participle present)
aswaged (participle past)
yaswaged (participle past)
a-suwage (alternative)
a-swage (alternative)
a-swagen (alternative)
assuage (alternative)
asswage (alternative)
asswagen (alternative)
asuage (alternative)
aswage (alternative)
aswagi (alternative)

English: assuage, swage

Scots: swadge

From Old French asuagier, from Vulgar Latin *assuaviō.

To cure or assuage; to give relief (especially used with injury or harm)

To become calm or assuaged; to be rid of one's ills.

(rare) To cause to become smaller, diminish or shrink.

(rare) To stop one's harassment or harrying.


questen

questen (infinitive)
to questen (infinitive)
queste (infinitive)
queste (first-person present singular)
quested (first-person past singular)
questest (present second-person singular)
questedest (past second-person singular)
questeth (present singular third-person)
quested (past singular third-person)
queste (present singular subjunctive)
quested (past singular subjunctive)
queste (imperative present singular)
questen (plural present)
queste (plural present)
questeden (past plural)
questede (past plural)
questeth (imperative plural present)
queste (imperative plural present)
questynge (participle present)
questende (participle present)
quested (participle past)
yquested (participle past)
queste (alternative)

English: quest

From Old French quester, from Latin quaestō.

(hunting) To find one's quarry or catch.

(hunting) To howl or bark after finding one's quarry (as a hunting dog).


quayle

alternative form of quaylen (“to weaken”)


quayle

alternative form of quaylen (“to curdle”)


crowen

crowen (infinitive)
to crowen (infinitive)
crowe (infinitive)
crowe (first-person present singular)
crew (first-person past singular)
crowest (present second-person singular)
crewe (past second-person singular)
crew (past second-person singular)
croweth (present singular third-person)
crew (past singular third-person)
crowe (present singular subjunctive)
crewe (past singular subjunctive)
crowe (imperative present singular)
crowen (plural present)
crowe (plural present)
crewen (past plural)
crewe (past plural)
croweth (imperative plural present)
crowe (imperative plural present)
crowynge (participle present)
crowende (participle present)
crowen (participle past)
crowe (participle past)
ycrowe (participle past)
crawe (alternative)
crawen (alternative)
crowe (alternative)

English: crow

Scots: craw

From Old English crāwan, from Proto-West Germanic *krāan (“to crow, shout”).

inh

Stille þou be peter. Wel i þe icnowe. / þou wolt fur ſake me þrien . ar þe coc him crowe.

c. 1275, Judas (Roud 2964, Child Ballad 23, Trinity College MS. B.14.39), folio 34, recto, lines 36-37; republished at Cambridge: Wren Digital Library (Trinity College), 2019 May 29:

"Quiet now, Peter. I know you well; / You'll forsake me three times when the cock crows."

To make other noises typical of birds; to produce birdsong.


crowynge

crawenge (alternative)
crowinge (alternative)
crowyng (alternative)


rowe

alternative form of rowen (“to row, paddle”)


rowe

alternative form of rowen (“to emit light”)


rewen

rewen (infinitive)
to rewen (infinitive)
rewe (infinitive)
rewe (first-person present singular)
rew (first-person past singular)
rewed (first-person past singular)
rewest (present second-person singular)
rowe (past second-person singular)
rew (past second-person singular)
rewedest (past second-person singular)
reweth (present singular third-person)
rew (past singular third-person)
rewed (past singular third-person)
rewe (present singular subjunctive)
rowe (past singular subjunctive)
rewed (past singular subjunctive)
rewe (imperative present singular)
rewen (plural present)
rewe (plural present)
rowen (past plural)
rowe (past plural)
reweden (past plural)
rewede (past plural)
reweth (imperative plural present)
rewe (imperative plural present)
rewynge (participle present)
rewende (participle present)
rowen (participle past)
rowe (participle past)
rewed (participle past)
reowen (alternative)
ruwen (alternative)
ruen (alternative)
reouwen (alternative)
rowen (alternative)
reowe (alternative)
riewe (alternative)
rewe (alternative)

English: rue

Scots: rew

From Old English hrēowan; equivalent to rewe (“rue”) + -en (infinitival suffix).

Madame, reweth upon my peynes smerte

Late 14th century Geoffrey Chaucer, ‘The Franklin's Tale’, Canterbury Tales

To experience distress; to be of grave concern.


soren

soren (infinitive)
to soren (infinitive)
sore (infinitive)
sore (first-person present singular)
sored (first-person past singular)
sorest (present second-person singular)
soredest (past second-person singular)
soreth (present singular third-person)
sored (past singular third-person)
sore (present singular subjunctive)
sored (past singular subjunctive)
sore (imperative present singular)
soren (plural present)
sore (plural present)
soreden (past plural)
sorede (past plural)
soreth (imperative plural present)
sore (imperative plural present)
sorynge (participle present)
sorende (participle present)
sored (participle past)
ysored (participle past)
sour (alternative)
soore (alternative)
sore (alternative)

English: soar

Scots: soar

From Old French essorer, from Vulgar Latin *exaurare.


seryn

alternative form of seren (“to dry, sear”)


climben

climben (infinitive)
to climben (infinitive)
climbe (infinitive)
climbe (first-person present singular)
clamb (first-person past singular)
climbed (first-person past singular)
climbest (present second-person singular)
clumbe (past second-person singular)
clamb (past second-person singular)
climbedest (past second-person singular)
climbeth (present singular third-person)
clamb (past singular third-person)
climbed (past singular third-person)
climbe (present singular subjunctive)
clumbe (past singular subjunctive)
climbed (past singular subjunctive)
climbe (imperative present singular)
climben (plural present)
climbe (plural present)
clumben (past plural)
clumbe (past plural)
climbeden (past plural)
climbede (past plural)
climbeth (imperative plural present)
climbe (imperative plural present)
climbynge (participle present)
climbende (participle present)
clumben (participle past)
clumbe (participle past)
climbed (participle past)
yclumben (participle past)
yclumbe (participle past)
clymben (alternative)
clymbe (alternative)
klymbe (alternative)
clemben (alternative)
climbe (alternative)

English: climb

Scots: clim, clym

From Old English climban, from Proto-Germanic *klimbaną.

To climb or scale (travel vertically or diagonally up a surface)

(figurative) To ascend or climb religiously.

(figurative) To increase one's position in society.

(figurative, rare) To surmount; to prevail.

To soar or move upwards; to move into the sky:


clymben

alternative form of climben (“to climb”)


wipen

wipen (infinitive)
to wipen (infinitive)
wipe (infinitive)
wipe (first-person present singular)
wiped (first-person past singular)
wipest (present second-person singular)
wipedest (past second-person singular)
wipeth (present singular third-person)
wiped (past singular third-person)
wipe (present singular subjunctive)
wiped (past singular subjunctive)
wipe (imperative present singular)
wipen (plural present)
wipe (plural present)
wipeden (past plural)
wipede (past plural)
wipeth (imperative plural present)
wipe (imperative plural present)
wipynge (participle present)
wipende (participle present)
wiped (participle past)
ywiped (participle past)
wipe (alternative)
wippe (alternative)
wype (alternative)
wypen (alternative)

English: wipe

Scots: wip, wepe, wype, wipe

Inherited from Old English wīpian, from Proto-West Germanic *wīpōn.

(figurative) To purge of malign or wicked influence.

To wipe or swipe for cleaning purposes:
To purge of malign or wicked influence.

To wipe dirt or other substances away from a wound.

To wipe or swipe for cleaning purposes:
To remove by wiping or swiping off.

To cleanse (to eliminate impurities or stains) without reference to wiping.

To remove or destroy without reference to wiping.

To wipe back and forth in a rubbing motion.


vitailen

vitailen (infinitive)
to vitailen (infinitive)
vitaile (infinitive)
vitaile (first-person present singular)
vitailed (first-person past singular)
vitailest (present second-person singular)
vitailedest (past second-person singular)
vitaileth (present singular third-person)
vitailed (past singular third-person)
vitaile (present singular subjunctive)
vitailed (past singular subjunctive)
vitaile (imperative present singular)
vitailen (plural present)
vitaile (plural present)
vitaileden (past plural)
vitailede (past plural)
vitaileth (imperative plural present)
vitaile (imperative plural present)
vitailynge (participle present)
vitailende (participle present)
vitailed (participle past)
yvitailed (participle past)
vitaile (alternative)
vitaille (alternative)
fetayle (alternative)
vetaille (alternative)
vetelen (alternative)

English: victual

Scots: victual (obsolete)

From Old French vitaillier; equivalent to vitaile + -en (infinitival suffix).

To feed or nourish; to provision nourishment.


swopen

enm-verb

swopen (third-person singular simple present swopeth, present participle swopynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative swep, past participle swopen)

swopeth (present singular third-person)
swopynge (participle present)
swep (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
swopen (participle past)
swopen (infinitive)
to swopen (infinitive)
swope (infinitive)
swope (first-person present singular)
swep (first-person past singular)
swoped (first-person past singular)
swopest (present second-person singular)
swepe (past second-person singular)
swep (past second-person singular)
swopedest (past second-person singular)
swopeth (present singular third-person)
swep (past singular third-person)
swoped (past singular third-person)
swope (present singular subjunctive)
swepe (past singular subjunctive)
swoped (past singular subjunctive)
swope (imperative present singular)
swopen (plural present)
swope (plural present)
swepen (past plural)
swepe (past plural)
swopeden (past plural)
swopede (past plural)
swopeth (imperative plural present)
swope (imperative plural present)
swopynge (participle present)
swopende (participle present)
swopen (participle past)
swope (participle past)
swoped (participle past)
yswopen (participle past)
yswope (participle past)
swapen (alternative)
swope (alternative)
zuope (alternative)

English: swoop

Scots: swap, swape, swaip

From Old English swāpan, from Proto-West Germanic *swaipan, from Proto-Germanic *swaipaną.

(religion) To cleanse or purge evil influences.


snewen

snewen (infinitive)
to snewen (infinitive)
snewe (infinitive)
snewe (first-person present singular)
snewed (first-person past singular)
snewest (present second-person singular)
snewedest (past second-person singular)
sneweth (present singular third-person)
snewed (past singular third-person)
snewe (present singular subjunctive)
snewed (past singular subjunctive)
snewe (imperative present singular)
snewen (plural present)
snewe (plural present)
sneweden (past plural)
snewede (past plural)
sneweth (imperative plural present)
snewe (imperative plural present)
snewynge (participle present)
snewende (participle present)
snewed (participle past)
ysnewed (participle past)
sneuwen (alternative)
snew (alternative)
snewe (alternative)
sniwe (alternative)

English: snew

Inherited from Old English snīwan, from Proto-West Germanic *snīwan, from Proto-Germanic *snīwaną.

(intransitive) To snow; to generate snow.

It snewed in his hous of mete and drynke

c. 1385, Geoffrey Chaucer, “General Prologue”, in Canterbury Tales:

(intransitive, rare) To abound; to rain.


snowen

snowen (infinitive)
to snowen (infinitive)
snowe (infinitive)
snowe (first-person present singular)
snowed (first-person past singular)
snowest (present second-person singular)
snowedest (past second-person singular)
snoweth (present singular third-person)
snowed (past singular third-person)
snowe (present singular subjunctive)
snowed (past singular subjunctive)
snowe (imperative present singular)
snowen (plural present)
snowe (plural present)
snoweden (past plural)
snowede (past plural)
snoweth (imperative plural present)
snowe (imperative plural present)
snowynge (participle present)
snowende (participle present)
snowed (participle past)
ysnowed (participle past)
snowyn (alternative)
snawen (alternative)
snawe (alternative)
snaw (alternative)
snowe (alternative)

English: snow

Scots: snaw


hiren

hiren (third-person singular simple present hireth, present participle hirende, hirynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle hired)

hireth (present singular third-person)
hirende (participle present)
hirynge (participle present)
hired (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
hiren (infinitive)
to hiren (infinitive)
hire (infinitive)
hire (first-person present singular)
hired (first-person past singular)
hirest (present second-person singular)
hiredest (past second-person singular)
hireth (present singular third-person)
hired (past singular third-person)
hire (present singular subjunctive)
hired (past singular subjunctive)
hire (imperative present singular)
hiren (plural present)
hire (plural present)
hireden (past plural)
hirede (past plural)
hireth (imperative plural present)
hire (imperative plural present)
hirynge (participle present)
hirende (participle present)
hired (participle past)
yhired (participle past)
hire (alternative)
hyer (alternative)
hyre (alternative)
hyren (alternative)
here (alternative Kent)
hure (alternative West-Midlands)
huren (alternative West-Midlands)
hury (alternative West-Midlands)
huyre (alternative West-Midlands)

English: hire

Scots: hire

From Old English hȳrian, from Proto-West Germanic *hūʀijan; equivalent to hire (“wages”) + -en (infinitival suffix).


tharen

thar (first-person present singular)
tharf (first-person present singular)
thurte (first-person past singular)
thurfte (first-person past singular)
tharst (present second-person singular)
thurtest (past second-person singular)
thurftest (past second-person singular)
thar (present singular third-person)
tharf (present singular third-person)
thurte (past singular third-person)
thurfte (past singular third-person)
thare (present singular subjunctive)
thurve (present singular subjunctive)
thurte (past singular subjunctive)
thurfte (past singular subjunctive)
tharen (plural present)
thare (plural present)
thurven (plural present)
thurve (plural present)
thurten (past plural)
thurte (past plural)
thurften (past plural)
thurfte (past plural)

English: thair

Middle Scots: thar

Scots: thair

From Old English þurfan, from Proto-Germanic *þurbaną. The vocalism in -a- is due to leveling from the present singular forms, while the loss of -f/-v- is probably due to simplification of the consonant cluster in forms like thurfte → thurte, which then analogically spread to forms lacking a cluster.

(auxiliary) To need to, to be required to

(auxiliary) To have to, to be obligated to, to ought to

(auxiliary) To be capable of, to be willing to


nyghten

nyghten (infinitive)
to nyghten (infinitive)
nyghte (infinitive)
nyghte (first-person present singular)
nyghted (first-person past singular)
nyghtest (present second-person singular)
nyghtedest (past second-person singular)
nyghteth (present singular third-person)
nyghted (past singular third-person)
nyghte (present singular subjunctive)
nyghted (past singular subjunctive)
nyghte (imperative present singular)
nyghten (plural present)
nyghte (plural present)
nyghteden (past plural)
nyghtede (past plural)
nyghteth (imperative plural present)
nyghte (imperative plural present)
nyghtynge (participle present)
nyghtende (participle present)
nyghted (participle past)
ynyghted (participle past)
nyhte (alternative)
nyght (alternative)
nyghte (alternative)
nyȝt (alternative)
nyȝte (alternative)

English: night

Scots: nicht

(intransitive) To become night; to darken in the sky.

(intransitive, rare) To night; to overnight.


robbynge

robbenge (alternative)
robbeinge (alternative)
robbing (alternative)
robbinge (alternative)
robbyng (alternative)
robynge (alternative)


bireven

enm-verb

bireven (third-person singular simple present bireveth, present participle birevynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative birefte, past participle bireft)

bireveth (present singular third-person)
birevynge (participle present)
birefte (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
bireft (participle past)
bireven (infinitive)
to bireven (infinitive)
bireve (infinitive)
bireve (first-person present singular)
bireved (first-person past singular)
birefte (first-person past singular)
birevest (present second-person singular)
birevedest (past second-person singular)
bireftest (past second-person singular)
bireveth (present singular third-person)
bireved (past singular third-person)
birefte (past singular third-person)
bireve (present singular subjunctive)
bireved (past singular subjunctive)
birefte (past singular subjunctive)
bireve (imperative present singular)
bireven (plural present)
bireve (plural present)
bireveden (past plural)
birevede (past plural)
bireften (past plural)
birefte (past plural)
bireveth (imperative plural present)
bireve (imperative plural present)
birevynge (participle present)
birevende (participle present)
bireved (participle past)
bireft (participle past)
be-refe (alternative)
be-reve (alternative)
bereve (alternative)
byreeve (alternative)
biræivie (alternative Early-Middle-English)
birævien (alternative Early-Middle-English)

English: bereave

Scots: bereve, bereif

From Old English berēafian, from Proto-West Germanic *biraubōn, from Proto-Germanic *biraubōną; equivalent to bi- + reven.

To cause someone to lose something:
To steal or rob; to secretly loot.

To grab, grasp, or confiscate with force.

To cause someone to lose something:
To deprive of an emotion or feeling


revynge

Inherited from Old English rēafung; equivalent to reven + -ing.

reving (alternative)
revyng (alternative)
rewyng (alternative)
rewynge (alternative)
ræfung (alternative Early-Middle-English)
ræving (alternative Early-Middle-English)
rævinge (alternative Early-Middle-English)
reaving (alternative Early-Middle-English)
reavinge (alternative Early-Middle-English)
revunge (alternative Early-Middle-English)


reavie

(Early Middle English) alternative form of reven


schryden

schryden (third-person singular simple present schrydeth, present participle schrydynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative schrydde, past participle schryd)

schrydeth (present singular third-person)
schrydynge (participle present)
schrydde (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
schryd (participle past)
schriden (infinitive)
to schriden (infinitive)
schride (infinitive)
schride (first-person present singular)
schridde (first-person past singular)
schridest (present second-person singular)
schriddest (past second-person singular)
schrideth (present singular third-person)
schridde (past singular third-person)
schride (present singular subjunctive)
schridde (past singular subjunctive)
schride (imperative present singular)
schriden (plural present)
schride (plural present)
schridden (past plural)
schridde (past plural)
schrideth (imperative plural present)
schride (imperative plural present)
schridynge (participle present)
schridende (participle present)
schrid (participle past)
yschrid (participle past)
schrede (alternative)
schride (alternative)
schrude (alternative)
schryde (alternative)
scruyde (alternative)
shrede (alternative)
shride (alternative)
schruden (alternative Early-Middle-English)
scryden (alternative Early-Middle-English)
scrydæn (alternative Early-Middle-English)
shridenn (alternative Early-Middle-English)
shruden (alternative Early-Middle-English)
ssrede (alternative Kent)

English: shride (obsolete)

From Old English sċrȳdan, from Proto-West Germanic *skrūdijan, from Proto-Germanic *skrūdijaną.

To put on clothes on garments; to enrobe.

To equip garments or weapons; to gear up.


scruyde

(West Midlands) alternative form of schryden


shruden

(Early Middle English) alternative form of schryden


mysteren

mysteren (infinitive)
to mysteren (infinitive)
mystere (infinitive)
mystere (first-person present singular)
mystered (first-person past singular)
mysterest (present second-person singular)
mysteredest (past second-person singular)
mystereth (present singular third-person)
mystered (past singular third-person)
mystere (present singular subjunctive)
mystered (past singular subjunctive)
mystere (imperative present singular)
mysteren (plural present)
mystere (plural present)
mystereden (past plural)
mysterede (past plural)
mystereth (imperative plural present)
mystere (imperative plural present)
mysterynge (participle present)
mysterende (participle present)
mystered (participle past)
ymystered (participle past)
mystier (alternative)
myster (alternative)

English: mister

Scots: mister

(Late Middle English) To necessitate; to be a necessity.


myster

alternative form of mysteren (“to need”)


bealden

(Early Middle English, West Midlands) alternative form of belden


buylde

(West Midlands) alternative form of bylden


bulden

(West Midlands, Early Middle English) alternative form of bylden


bylden

bylden (third-person singular simple present byldeth, present participle byldynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative bylte, past participle bylt)

byldeth (present singular third-person)
byldynge (participle present)
bylte (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
bylt (participle past)
bylden (infinitive)
to bylden (infinitive)
bylde (infinitive)
bylde (first-person present singular)
bylte (first-person past singular)
bylde (first-person past singular)
bylded (first-person past singular)
byldest (present second-person singular)
byltest (past second-person singular)
byldest (past second-person singular)
byldedest (past second-person singular)
byldeth (present singular third-person)
bylte (past singular third-person)
bylde (past singular third-person)
bylded (past singular third-person)
bylde (present singular subjunctive)
bylte (past singular subjunctive)
bylde (past singular subjunctive)
bylded (past singular subjunctive)
bylde (imperative present singular)
bylden (plural present)
bylde (plural present)
bylten (past plural)
bylte (past plural)
bylden (past plural)
bylde (past plural)
byldeden (past plural)
byldede (past plural)
byldeth (imperative plural present)
bylde (imperative plural present)
byldynge (participle present)
byldende (participle present)
bylt (participle past)
byld (participle past)
bylded (participle past)
ybylt (participle past)
ybyld (participle past)
ybylded (participle past)
beelden (alternative)
belde (alternative)
bijlde (alternative)
bilde (alternative)
bilden (alternative)
bildyn (alternative)
bielde (alternative)
beelde (alternative East-Anglia)
bulden (alternative)
buylde (alternative)
buylden (alternative)

English: build

Inherited from Old English bytlan, from Proto-West Germanic *buþlijan, from Proto-Germanic *buþlijaną, from Proto-Germanic *buþlą, *bōþlą (“house, dwelling, farm”).

þerfoꝛ the iewis ſeiden to hym / in fourti ⁊ ſixe ȝeer þis temple was bildid .· ⁊ ſchalt þou in þꝛe daies reiſe it .·?

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Joon 2:20, page 45r, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

Then the Jews said to him: "This temple was built in forty-six years, and you want to rebuild it in three days?"

To erect, build, or create (a structure or building)

To establish, begin, create (an organisation)

To edify; to improve or promote welfare and religion.

To furnish; to supply quarters with necessities.


mynystren

mynystren (third-person singular simple present mynystreth, present participle mynystrende, mynystrynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle mynystred)

mynystreth (present singular third-person)
mynystrende (participle present)
mynystrynge (participle present)
mynystred (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
mynystren (infinitive)
to mynystren (infinitive)
mynystre (infinitive)
mynystre (first-person present singular)
mynystred (first-person past singular)
mynystrest (present second-person singular)
mynystredest (past second-person singular)
mynystreth (present singular third-person)
mynystred (past singular third-person)
mynystre (present singular subjunctive)
mynystred (past singular subjunctive)
mynystre (imperative present singular)
mynystren (plural present)
mynystre (plural present)
mynystreden (past plural)
mynystrede (past plural)
mynystreth (imperative plural present)
mynystre (imperative plural present)
mynystrynge (participle present)
mynystrende (participle present)
mynystred (participle past)
ymynystred (participle past)
minister (alternative)
ministere (alternative)
ministre (alternative)
mynystir (alternative)
mynystre (alternative)
mynystryn (alternative)
mynystyr (alternative)

English: minister

Scots: minister (obsolete)

Borrowed from Middle French ministrer, from Old French ministrer, from Latin ministrō; equivalent to ministre + -en (infinitival suffix).

To confer or grant; to give a privilege.

To stock, provision or furnish; to provide with necessities.

To serve or present food and drink (to a table).

(Christianity or medicine) To administer (a sacrament or medicine)

To give (out); to deliver:
To administer (a sacrament or medicine)

To officiate a religious service or ceremony.

To proclaim or disseminate religious beliefs.

To supervise or administrate; to exercise governmental power.

To assist; to be useful or helpful (towards someone).


mynystrynge

ministrenge (alternative)
ministring (alternative)
minystrynge (alternative)
mynisterynge (alternative)
mynysteryng (alternative)
mynystryng (alternative)


mewen

mewen (infinitive)
to mewen (infinitive)
mewe (infinitive)
mewe (first-person present singular)
mewed (first-person past singular)
mewest (present second-person singular)
mewedest (past second-person singular)
meweth (present singular third-person)
mewed (past singular third-person)
mewe (present singular subjunctive)
mewed (past singular subjunctive)
mewe (imperative present singular)
mewen (plural present)
mewe (plural present)
meweden (past plural)
mewede (past plural)
meweth (imperative plural present)
mewe (imperative plural present)
mewynge (participle present)
mewende (participle present)
mewed (participle past)
ymewed (participle past)
mewe (alternative)
mue (alternative)
muwe (alternative)
miuen (alternative)
mwen (alternative)
mwe (alternative)

English: mew

From Old French muer, from Latin mūtō; equivalent to mew + -en (infinitival suffix).

To mew or moult; to rid oneself of one's feathers.

(Late Middle English, rare) To change one's appearance or look.

(Late Middle English, rare) To force to moult or mew.

(Late Middle English, rare) To imprison.


mewen

mewen (infinitive)
to mewen (infinitive)
mewe (infinitive)
mewe (first-person present singular)
mewed (first-person past singular)
mewest (present second-person singular)
mewedest (past second-person singular)
meweth (present singular third-person)
mewed (past singular third-person)
mewe (present singular subjunctive)
mewed (past singular subjunctive)
mewe (imperative present singular)
mewen (plural present)
mewe (plural present)
meweden (past plural)
mewede (past plural)
meweth (imperative plural present)
mewe (imperative plural present)
mewynge (participle present)
mewende (participle present)
mewed (participle past)
ymewed (participle past)
mewe (alternative)

English: mew

Onomatopoeic. Phonetically similar to Catalan mèu (“meow”).


mowe

alternative form of mowen (“to be able to”)


mowe

alternative form of mowen (“to make a face”)


botonen

botonen (infinitive)
to botonen (infinitive)
botone (infinitive)
botone (first-person present singular)
botoned (first-person past singular)
botonest (present second-person singular)
botonedest (past second-person singular)
botoneth (present singular third-person)
botoned (past singular third-person)
botone (present singular subjunctive)
botoned (past singular subjunctive)
botone (imperative present singular)
botonen (plural present)
botone (plural present)
botoneden (past plural)
botonede (past plural)
botoneth (imperative plural present)
botone (imperative plural present)
botonynge (participle present)
botonende (participle present)
botoned (participle past)
ybotoned (participle past)
botenen (alternative)
butonen (alternative)
buttyn (alternative)
botone (alternative)
botonyn (alternative)

English: button

From Old French boutoner, botoner; equivalent to botoun + -en (infinitival suffix).

(rare) To button up; to fasten using buttons.


bleden

bleden (infinitive)
to bleden (infinitive)
blede (infinitive)
blede (first-person present singular)
bledde (first-person past singular)
bledest (present second-person singular)
bleddest (past second-person singular)
bledeth (present singular third-person)
bledde (past singular third-person)
blede (present singular subjunctive)
bledde (past singular subjunctive)
blede (imperative present singular)
bleden (plural present)
blede (plural present)
bledden (past plural)
bledde (past plural)
bledeth (imperative plural present)
blede (imperative plural present)
bledynge (participle present)
bledende (participle present)
bled (participle past)
ybled (participle past)
blede (alternative)
bleede (alternative)

English: bleed

Scots: blede, bleid

From Old English blēdan, from Proto-Germanic *blōþijaną.

To bleed; to experience blood loss:
To have blood gush or come forth.

To bleed; to experience blood loss:
To cause to bleed; to induce bleeding.

And so Sir Trystrames bledde bothe the over-shete and the neyther-shete, and the pylowes and the hede-shete

1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “(please specify the chapter)”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book VIII, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:

To bleed; to experience blood loss:
To bleed in or on an object.

To pass away (especially from blood loss caused by injury)


heue

And Pandarus now woltow trowen me? / Haue here my trouthe, I se hire, ȝond she is! / Heue vp thyn eyen, man, maistow nat se?

Geoffrey Chaucer, Troilus and Criseyde, Book 5, .Stanza 166, .Lines 1157-9

And Pandarus, now, will you believe me? / By my truth, I see her! There she is! / Raise up your eyes man: do you not see?

alternative typography of heve (alternative form of heven (“lift (up), raise (up)”))


wevynge

weffynge (alternative)
wefyng (alternative)
weving (alternative)
wevinge (alternative)
wevingge (alternative)
wevyng (alternative)
weyvinge (alternative)


spenen

spenen (infinitive)
to spenen (infinitive)
spene (infinitive)
spene (first-person present singular)
spened (first-person past singular)
spenest (present second-person singular)
spenedest (past second-person singular)
speneth (present singular third-person)
spened (past singular third-person)
spene (present singular subjunctive)
spened (past singular subjunctive)
spene (imperative present singular)
spenen (plural present)
spene (plural present)
speneden (past plural)
spenede (past plural)
speneth (imperative plural present)
spene (imperative plural present)
spenynge (participle present)
spenende (participle present)
spened (participle past)
yspened (participle past)
spene (alternative)

Yola: zpeen, speen

From spenden, with the /d/ of that verb reinterpreted as the past-tense suffix -de.


bekenen

bekenen (infinitive)
to bekenen (infinitive)
bekene (infinitive)
bekene (first-person present singular)
bekened (first-person past singular)
bekenest (present second-person singular)
bekenedest (past second-person singular)
bekeneth (present singular third-person)
bekened (past singular third-person)
bekene (present singular subjunctive)
bekened (past singular subjunctive)
bekene (imperative present singular)
bekenen (plural present)
bekene (plural present)
bekeneden (past plural)
bekenede (past plural)
bekeneth (imperative plural present)
bekene (imperative plural present)
bekenynge (participle present)
bekenende (participle present)
bekened (participle past)
ybekened (participle past)
beckenen (alternative)
bekenyn (alternative)
beknen (alternative)
beknyn (alternative)
becnen (alternative)
bæcnien (alternative Early-Middle-English)
becnien (alternative Early-Middle-English)
beknien (alternative Early-Middle-English)
beccyn (alternative)
bekyn (alternative)
bekken (alternative)
bikken (alternative)

English: beckon; beck

Middle Scots: bekin

Inherited from Old English bēacnian and bīecnan. Equivalent to beken + -en (infinitival suffix). In some forms, the -n- of the stem has been reanalysed as a infinitival suffix.

To indicate soundlessly, especially using one's hands.

To beckon; to indicate to come forwards.

(rare) To indicate a specific object; to select.


bæcnien

(Early Middle English) alternative form of bekenen


bekenynge

Inherited from Old English bēacnung; equivalent to bekenen + -ing.

bekening (alternative)
bekenyng (alternative)
bekninge (alternative)
beknynge (alternative)
bekynnynge (alternative)
bekynynge (alternative)
bikenyng (alternative)
becnunge (alternative Early-Middle-English)


clethen

clethen (infinitive)
to clethen (infinitive)
clethe (infinitive)
clethe (first-person present singular)
cledde (first-person past singular)
clethest (present second-person singular)
cleddest (past second-person singular)
cletheth (present singular third-person)
cledde (past singular third-person)
clethe (present singular subjunctive)
cledde (past singular subjunctive)
clethe (imperative present singular)
clethen (plural present)
clethe (plural present)
cledden (past plural)
cledde (past plural)
cletheth (imperative plural present)
clethe (imperative plural present)
clethynge (participle present)
clethende (participle present)
cled (participle past)
ycled (participle past)
cleyth (alternative)
clethe (alternative)
klethen (alternative)

English: clead (dialectal)

Scots: cleed, cleid, cleethe

From Northumbrian Old English clǣðdon, variant of *clǣþian, from clǣþ; equivalent to clethe + -en (infinitival suffix).

(ambitransitive) To clothe; to put clothing on.

(reflexive) To wear; to put clothing on oneself.

(transitive) To give clothes or garments to.

(transitive) To enclose; to surround as to hide.

(rare, reflexive) To gain a trait; to immerse in an abstract quantity.

(rare, ambitransitive) To decorate or ornament.


tablen

tablen (infinitive)
to tablen (infinitive)
table (infinitive)
table (first-person present singular)
tabled (first-person past singular)
tablest (present second-person singular)
tabledest (past second-person singular)
tableth (present singular third-person)
tabled (past singular third-person)
table (present singular subjunctive)
tabled (past singular subjunctive)
table (imperative present singular)
tablen (plural present)
table (plural present)
tableden (past plural)
tablede (past plural)
tableth (imperative plural present)
table (imperative plural present)
tablynge (participle present)
tablende (participle present)
tabled (participle past)
ytabled (participle past)
tabil (alternative)
tabyll (alternative)

English: table

(rare) To notarise the official roles of people.


schulderen

schulderen (infinitive)
to schulderen (infinitive)
schuldere (infinitive)
schuldere (first-person present singular)
schuldered (first-person past singular)
schulderest (present second-person singular)
schulderedest (past second-person singular)
schuldereth (present singular third-person)
schuldered (past singular third-person)
schuldere (present singular subjunctive)
schuldered (past singular subjunctive)
schuldere (imperative present singular)
schulderen (plural present)
schuldere (plural present)
schuldereden (past plural)
schulderede (past plural)
schuldereth (imperative plural present)
schuldere (imperative plural present)
schulderynge (participle present)
schulderende (participle present)
schuldered (participle past)
yschuldered (participle past)
shuldren (alternative)
shulderen (alternative)
shulderren (alternative)

English: shoulder

From schuldre + -en (infinitival suffix).


bladdren

bladdren (infinitive)
to bladdren (infinitive)
bladdre (infinitive)
bladdre (first-person present singular)
bladdred (first-person past singular)
bladdrest (present second-person singular)
bladdredest (past second-person singular)
bladdreth (present singular third-person)
bladdred (past singular third-person)
bladdre (present singular subjunctive)
bladdred (past singular subjunctive)
bladdre (imperative present singular)
bladdren (plural present)
bladdre (plural present)
bladdreden (past plural)
bladdrede (past plural)
bladdreth (imperative plural present)
bladdre (imperative plural present)
bladdrynge (participle present)
bladdrende (participle present)
bladdred (participle past)
ybladdred (participle past)
bladdre (alternative)
bleddre (alternative)

From bladdre + -en (infinitival suffix).


bladyn

bladyn (infinitive)
to bladyn (infinitive)
blade (infinitive)
blade (first-person present singular)
bladed (first-person past singular)
bladest (present second-person singular)
bladedest (past second-person singular)
bladeth (present singular third-person)
bladed (past singular third-person)
blade (present singular subjunctive)
bladed (past singular subjunctive)
blade (imperative present singular)
bladen (plural present)
blade (plural present)
bladeden (past plural)
bladede (past plural)
bladeth (imperative plural present)
blade (imperative plural present)
bladynge (participle present)
bladende (participle present)
bladed (participle past)
ybladed (participle past)


clemen

clemen (infinitive)
to clemen (infinitive)
cleme (infinitive)
cleme (first-person present singular)
clemed (first-person past singular)
clemest (present second-person singular)
clemedest (past second-person singular)
clemeth (present singular third-person)
clemed (past singular third-person)
cleme (present singular subjunctive)
clemed (past singular subjunctive)
cleme (imperative present singular)
clemen (plural present)
cleme (plural present)
clemeden (past plural)
clemede (past plural)
clemeth (imperative plural present)
cleme (imperative plural present)
clemynge (participle present)
clemende (participle present)
clemed (participle past)
yclemed (participle past)
cleme (alternative)

To rub with plaster or stucco, especially for adherence.

(rare) To cause to adhere (especially to something else).


gleu

alternative form of glewen (“to play music, have fun”)


glewen

glewen (infinitive)
to glewen (infinitive)
glewe (infinitive)
glewe (first-person present singular)
glewed (first-person past singular)
glewest (present second-person singular)
glewedest (past second-person singular)
gleweth (present singular third-person)
glewed (past singular third-person)
glewe (present singular subjunctive)
glewed (past singular subjunctive)
glewe (imperative present singular)
glewen (plural present)
glewe (plural present)
gleweden (past plural)
glewede (past plural)
gleweth (imperative plural present)
glewe (imperative plural present)
glewynge (participle present)
glewende (participle present)
glewed (participle past)
yglewed (participle past)
gleu (alternative)
glew (alternative)
gleue (alternative)
glewe (alternative)
glue (alternative)
gleen (alternative)
gleowen (alternative)
gleowien (alternative)
gleon (alternative)
glow (alternative)

To play music or songs; to please with music.

To celebrate; to have fun rise in mirth or gaiety.

(rare) To cause to be happy; to satisfy.


glewen

glewen (infinitive)
to glewen (infinitive)
glewe (infinitive)
glewe (first-person present singular)
glewed (first-person past singular)
glewest (present second-person singular)
glewedest (past second-person singular)
gleweth (present singular third-person)
glewed (past singular third-person)
glewe (present singular subjunctive)
glewed (past singular subjunctive)
glewe (imperative present singular)
glewen (plural present)
glewe (plural present)
gleweden (past plural)
glewede (past plural)
gleweth (imperative plural present)
glewe (imperative plural present)
glewynge (participle present)
glewende (participle present)
glewed (participle past)
yglewed (participle past)
glewe (alternative)
glow (alternative)
glwyn (alternative)
gliwe (alternative)

English: glue

From Old French gluer, from Late Latin glus, from Latin gluten (“glue”).

To glue (to each other); to connect with adhesive.

To connect together; to unify, link, or shut; to cause two things to come connected.

(rare) To embed; to install into something.

(rare) To render oneself culpable or connected to something.


gleowen

alternative form of glewen (“to play music”)


bataylynge

bataileinge (alternative)
batailinge (alternative)
batailling (alternative)
batayllyng (alternative)
bataylyng (alternative)
batelynge (alternative)
battaillynge (alternative)


bataylen

bataylen (infinitive)
to bataylen (infinitive)
batayle (infinitive)
batayle (first-person present singular)
batayled (first-person past singular)
bataylest (present second-person singular)
batayledest (past second-person singular)
batayleth (present singular third-person)
batayled (past singular third-person)
batayle (present singular subjunctive)
batayled (past singular subjunctive)
batayle (imperative present singular)
bataylen (plural present)
batayle (plural present)
batayleden (past plural)
bataylede (past plural)
batayleth (imperative plural present)
batayle (imperative plural present)
bataylynge (participle present)
bataylende (participle present)
batayled (participle past)
ybatayled (participle past)
batayll (alternative)
batell (alternative)
batail (alternative)
batayllen (alternative)
bateillen (alternative)

English: battle

From Old French bataillier; equivalent to batayle + -en (infinitival suffix).

To battle; to enter into combat; especially for some greater purpose.


bourden

bourden (infinitive)
to bourden (infinitive)
bourde (infinitive)
bourde (first-person present singular)
bourded (first-person past singular)
bourdest (present second-person singular)
bourdedest (past second-person singular)
bourdeth (present singular third-person)
bourded (past singular third-person)
bourde (present singular subjunctive)
bourded (past singular subjunctive)
bourde (imperative present singular)
bourden (plural present)
bourde (plural present)
bourdeden (past plural)
bourdede (past plural)
bourdeth (imperative plural present)
bourde (imperative plural present)
bourdynge (participle present)
bourdende (participle present)
bourded (participle past)
ybourded (participle past)
bord (alternative)
borde (alternative)
bourde (alternative)
boorde (alternative)
bowrde (alternative)
brode (alternative)
boordon (alternative)
boordone (alternative)

English: bourd (obsolete)

Borrowed from Old French bourder, from bourde (“blunder”).

To jape; to make fun of or practice humour.


bourden

bourden (infinitive)
to bourden (infinitive)
bourde (infinitive)
bourde (first-person present singular)
bourded (first-person past singular)
bourdest (present second-person singular)
bourdedest (past second-person singular)
bourdeth (present singular third-person)
bourded (past singular third-person)
bourde (present singular subjunctive)
bourded (past singular subjunctive)
bourde (imperative present singular)
bourden (plural present)
bourde (plural present)
bourdeden (past plural)
bourdede (past plural)
bourdeth (imperative plural present)
bourde (imperative plural present)
bourdynge (participle present)
bourdende (participle present)
bourded (participle past)
ybourded (participle past)
boorde (alternative)
burte (alternative)
burton (alternative)
burtyn (alternative)

English: burt (obsolete)

To engage in jousts or spar; to conflict.


burte

alternative form of bourden (“to conflict”)


glowen

glowen (infinitive)
to glowen (infinitive)
glowe (infinitive)
glowe (first-person present singular)
glowed (first-person past singular)
glew (first-person past singular)
glowest (present second-person singular)
glowedest (past second-person singular)
glewe (past second-person singular)
glew (past second-person singular)
gloweth (present singular third-person)
glowed (past singular third-person)
glew (past singular third-person)
glowe (present singular subjunctive)
glowed (past singular subjunctive)
glewe (past singular subjunctive)
glowe (imperative present singular)
glowen (plural present)
glowe (plural present)
gloweden (past plural)
glowede (past plural)
glewen (past plural)
glewe (past plural)
gloweth (imperative plural present)
glowe (imperative plural present)
glowynge (participle present)
glowende (participle present)
glowed (participle past)
glowen (participle past)
glowe (participle past)
yglowed (participle past)
yglowen (participle past)
gloen (alternative)
glouwen (alternative)
glowe (alternative)
glewe (alternative)
glogh (alternative)

English: glow

Scots: glow

From Old English glōwan, from Proto-Germanic *glōaną.

To emit brightness or colour without warmth; to have variegation.

To feel strong emotion, especially irritation.

(Christianity, rare) To be in pain or agony from the fires of Hell.


shelden

shelden (infinitive)
to shelden (infinitive)
shelde (infinitive)
shelde (first-person present singular)
shelded (first-person past singular)
sheldest (present second-person singular)
sheldedest (past second-person singular)
sheldeth (present singular third-person)
shelded (past singular third-person)
shelde (present singular subjunctive)
shelded (past singular subjunctive)
shelde (imperative present singular)
shelden (plural present)
shelde (plural present)
sheldeden (past plural)
sheldede (past plural)
sheldeth (imperative plural present)
shelde (imperative plural present)
sheldynge (participle present)
sheldende (participle present)
shelded (participle past)
yshelded (participle past)
schylde (alternative)
schilde (alternative)
ssylde (alternative)
schulden (alternative)
schijlde (alternative)
sscholde (alternative)
shildenn (alternative)

English: shield

From Old English scildan, Proto-Germanic *skildijaną; equivalent to scheld + -en (infinitival suffix).


braynen

braynen (infinitive)
to braynen (infinitive)
brayne (infinitive)
brayne (first-person present singular)
brayned (first-person past singular)
braynest (present second-person singular)
braynedest (past second-person singular)
brayneth (present singular third-person)
brayned (past singular third-person)
brayne (present singular subjunctive)
brayned (past singular subjunctive)
brayne (imperative present singular)
braynen (plural present)
brayne (plural present)
brayneden (past plural)
braynede (past plural)
brayneth (imperative plural present)
brayne (imperative plural present)
braynynge (participle present)
braynende (participle present)
brayned (participle past)
ybrayned (participle past)
braynyn (alternative)
brayne (alternative)
brane (alternative)

English: brain

Scots: brane, brain

To fatally wound via a hit on the brain.


kernellen

kernellen (infinitive)
to kernellen (infinitive)
kernelle (infinitive)
kernelle (first-person present singular)
kernelled (first-person past singular)
kernellest (present second-person singular)
kernelledest (past second-person singular)
kernelleth (present singular third-person)
kernelled (past singular third-person)
kernelle (present singular subjunctive)
kernelled (past singular subjunctive)
kernelle (imperative present singular)
kernellen (plural present)
kernelle (plural present)
kernelleden (past plural)
kernellede (past plural)
kernelleth (imperative plural present)
kernelle (imperative plural present)
kernellynge (participle present)
kernellende (participle present)
kernelled (participle past)
ykernelled (participle past)
kyrnell (alternative)
kurnele (alternative)
curnelen (alternative)

(rare) To separate cereals from the plant.


greynen

greynen (infinitive)
to greynen (infinitive)
greyne (infinitive)
greyne (first-person present singular)
greyned (first-person past singular)
greynest (present second-person singular)
greynedest (past second-person singular)
greyneth (present singular third-person)
greyned (past singular third-person)
greyne (present singular subjunctive)
greyned (past singular subjunctive)
greyne (imperative present singular)
greynen (plural present)
greyne (plural present)
greyneden (past plural)
greynede (past plural)
greyneth (imperative plural present)
greyne (imperative plural present)
greynynge (participle present)
greynende (participle present)
greyned (participle past)
ygreyned (participle past)
greine (alternative)
grain (alternative)

English: grain


engreynen

engreynen (infinitive)
to engreynen (infinitive)
engreyne (infinitive)
engreyne (first-person present singular)
engreyned (first-person past singular)
engreynest (present second-person singular)
engreynedest (past second-person singular)
engreyneth (present singular third-person)
engreyned (past singular third-person)
engreyne (present singular subjunctive)
engreyned (past singular subjunctive)
engreyne (imperative present singular)
engreynen (plural present)
engreyne (plural present)
engreyneden (past plural)
engreynede (past plural)
engreyneth (imperative plural present)
engreyne (imperative plural present)
engreynynge (participle present)
engreynende (participle present)
engreyned (participle past)
yengreyned (participle past)
engreyne (alternative)
hengreynen (alternative)

English: ingrain

From Old French en grain; equivalent to en- + greynen.

(rare) To apply dye to; to colour via dye.


dælfen

(Early Middle English) alternative form of delven


delvynge

Inherited from Old English delfing; equivalent to delven + -ing.

delfynge (alternative)
delvunge (alternative)
delvyng (alternative)


serchen

serchen (infinitive)
to serchen (infinitive)
serche (infinitive)
serche (first-person present singular)
serched (first-person past singular)
serchest (present second-person singular)
serchedest (past second-person singular)
sercheth (present singular third-person)
serched (past singular third-person)
serche (present singular subjunctive)
serched (past singular subjunctive)
serche (imperative present singular)
serchen (plural present)
serche (plural present)
sercheden (past plural)
serchede (past plural)
sercheth (imperative plural present)
serche (imperative plural present)
serchynge (participle present)
serchende (participle present)
serched (participle past)
yserched (participle past)
cerchen (alternative)
scherchen (alternative)
seerchen (alternative)
seergyn (alternative)
serce (alternative)
serche (alternative)
serchyn (alternative)
serge (alternative)
sergen (alternative)

English: search

Scots: sairch

/ˈsɛːrt͡ʃən/

/ˈsɛːrd͡ʒən/

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman sercher, from Latin circō; equivalent to serche + -en (infinitival suffix).

To scrutinise; to look at intently or in-depth.

To verify or check; to perform an inspection or checkup.

To comb through (in order to find or investigate something).

To find a way or a means of performing an action.

To search, to try to find; to scour:
To scout out or investigate.

To search, to try to find; to scour:
(rare) To forcibly question a captive.

To search, to try to find; to scour:
To forcibly question a captive.

To research; to examine a line of study in-depth.

(rare) To take or perform measurements or readings.


aserchen

aserchen (infinitive)
to aserchen (infinitive)
aserche (infinitive)
aserche (first-person present singular)
aserched (first-person past singular)
aserchest (present second-person singular)
aserchedest (past second-person singular)
asercheth (present singular third-person)
aserched (past singular third-person)
aserche (present singular subjunctive)
aserched (past singular subjunctive)
aserche (imperative present singular)
aserchen (plural present)
aserche (plural present)
asercheden (past plural)
aserchede (past plural)
asercheth (imperative plural present)
aserche (imperative plural present)
aserchynge (participle present)
aserchende (participle present)
aserched (participle past)
yaserched (participle past)
a-serche (alternative)

From Anglo-Norman assercher, Old French acerchier, from a + cerchier (“to seek”); equivalent to a- + serchen.

And so blyue doynge down into the erthe the sackis eche opnyde the which aserchinge, bigynnynge fro the more vnto the leeste, fonde the coppe in the sak of Beniamyn.

1382, John Wycliffe, Genesis XLIV 11-12:

And quickly each put the sacks down on the ground and opened them, which were searched beginning with the oldest and going in order until the youngest; the cup was found in Benjamin's sack.

(rare) To check; to search (into); to examine or investigate.


serchynge

ceerchynge (alternative)
cergyn (alternative)
cergynge (alternative)
seergynge (alternative)
serching (alternative)
serchinge (alternative)
serchyng (alternative)
sergyng (alternative)
sersynge (alternative)


enserchen

enserchen (infinitive)
to enserchen (infinitive)
enserche (infinitive)
enserche (first-person present singular)
enserched (first-person past singular)
enserchest (present second-person singular)
enserchedest (past second-person singular)
ensercheth (present singular third-person)
enserched (past singular third-person)
enserche (present singular subjunctive)
enserched (past singular subjunctive)
enserche (imperative present singular)
enserchen (plural present)
enserche (plural present)
ensercheden (past plural)
enserchede (past plural)
ensercheth (imperative plural present)
enserche (imperative plural present)
enserchynge (participle present)
enserchende (participle present)
enserched (participle past)
yenserched (participle past)
enserche (alternative)
enserge (alternative)
encherch (alternative)
inserche (alternative)
encerche (alternative)
enseerchen (alternative)
enserchun (alternative)

English: ensearch

/ɛnˈsɛːrt͡ʃən/

From Old French encerchier; equivalent to en- + serche + -en (infinitival suffix).

To search or seek, to try to find; to scour; to attempt to attain.

To scrutinise oneself; to perform introspection.

To attempt to unveil or reveal a malfeasance or wrong.

(Late Middle English) To comb through texts; to research or seek information.

(rare) To scrutinise; to look at intently or in-depth.

(Late Middle English, rare) To look at that which is off-limits; to disturb.

(Late Middle English) To acquire knowledge or information; to make a discovery.

(Late Middle English, rare) To check, inspect or verify; to evaluate the certitude of something.

(Late Middle English, rare) To question.


chyrnen

chyrnen (third-person singular simple present chyrneth, present participle chyrnende, chyrnynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle chyrned)

chyrneth (present singular third-person)
chyrnende (participle present)
chyrnynge (participle present)
chyrned (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
chyrnen (infinitive)
to chyrnen (infinitive)
chyrne (infinitive)
chyrne (first-person present singular)
chyrned (first-person past singular)
chyrnest (present second-person singular)
chyrnedest (past second-person singular)
chyrneth (present singular third-person)
chyrned (past singular third-person)
chyrne (present singular subjunctive)
chyrned (past singular subjunctive)
chyrne (imperative present singular)
chyrnen (plural present)
chyrne (plural present)
chyrneden (past plural)
chyrnede (past plural)
chyrneth (imperative plural present)
chyrne (imperative plural present)
chyrnynge (participle present)
chyrnende (participle present)
chyrned (participle past)
ychyrned (participle past)
chyrne (alternative)

English: churn


egren

egren (infinitive)
to egren (infinitive)
egre (infinitive)
egre (first-person present singular)
egred (first-person past singular)
egrest (present second-person singular)
egredest (past second-person singular)
egreth (present singular third-person)
egred (past singular third-person)
egre (present singular subjunctive)
egred (past singular subjunctive)
egre (imperative present singular)
egren (plural present)
egre (plural present)
egreden (past plural)
egrede (past plural)
egreth (imperative plural present)
egre (imperative plural present)
egrynge (participle present)
egrende (participle present)
egred (participle past)
yegred (participle past)
egre (alternative)

/ˈɛːɡ(ə)rən/

From Old French aigrier; equivalent to egre + -en (infinitival suffix).

(rare) To make eager; to encourage or induce.


doucen

doucen (infinitive)
to doucen (infinitive)
douce (infinitive)
douce (first-person present singular)
douced (first-person past singular)
doucest (present second-person singular)
doucedest (past second-person singular)
douceth (present singular third-person)
douced (past singular third-person)
douce (present singular subjunctive)
douced (past singular subjunctive)
douce (imperative present singular)
doucen (plural present)
douce (plural present)
douceden (past plural)
doucede (past plural)
douceth (imperative plural present)
douce (imperative plural present)
doucynge (participle present)
doucende (participle present)
douced (participle past)
ydouced (participle past)
dowce (alternative)

(rare, Late Middle English) to make sweet


wawen

wawen (infinitive)
to wawen (infinitive)
wawe (infinitive)
wawe (first-person present singular)
wawed (first-person past singular)
wawest (present second-person singular)
wawedest (past second-person singular)
waweth (present singular third-person)
wawed (past singular third-person)
wawe (present singular subjunctive)
wawed (past singular subjunctive)
wawe (imperative present singular)
wawen (plural present)
wawe (plural present)
waweden (past plural)
wawede (past plural)
waweth (imperative plural present)
wawe (imperative plural present)
wawynge (participle present)
wawende (participle present)
wawed (participle past)
ywawed (participle past)
wawyn (alternative)
waȝien (alternative)
waȝeȝen (alternative)
wagien (alternative)
wawien (alternative)
wawie (alternative)
wawi (alternative)
wawe (alternative)

English: waw

Scots: waw

From Old English wagian, from Proto-Germanic *wagōną. Compare waggen.

To shake, swing or totter; to move to and fro.


waven

waven (infinitive)
to waven (infinitive)
wave (infinitive)
wave (first-person present singular)
waved (first-person past singular)
wavest (present second-person singular)
wavedest (past second-person singular)
waveth (present singular third-person)
waved (past singular third-person)
wave (present singular subjunctive)
waved (past singular subjunctive)
wave (imperative present singular)
waven (plural present)
wave (plural present)
waveden (past plural)
wavede (past plural)
waveth (imperative plural present)
wave (imperative plural present)
wavynge (participle present)
wavende (participle present)
waved (participle past)
ywaved (participle past)
wave (alternative)
waffe (alternative)

English: wave

Scots: wave

(figurative) To be indecisive or unsure; to waver.

(rare) To wave; to cause to move to and fro.


waveren

waveren (third-person singular simple present wavereth, present participle waverende, waverynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle wavered)

wavereth (present singular third-person)
waverende (participle present)
waverynge (participle present)
wavered (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
waveren (infinitive)
to waveren (infinitive)
wavere (infinitive)
wavere (first-person present singular)
wavered (first-person past singular)
waverest (present second-person singular)
waveredest (past second-person singular)
wavereth (present singular third-person)
wavered (past singular third-person)
wavere (present singular subjunctive)
wavered (past singular subjunctive)
wavere (imperative present singular)
waveren (plural present)
wavere (plural present)
wavereden (past plural)
waverede (past plural)
wavereth (imperative plural present)
wavere (imperative plural present)
waverynge (participle present)
waverende (participle present)
wavered (participle past)
ywavered (participle past)
wafyr (alternative)
wavere (alternative)
vaveren (alternative)
waveron (alternative)
waveryn (alternative)
wavyr (alternative)

English: waver

Scots: waver

(figurative) To be mutable or uncertain; to waver or change.

(figurative) To deviate or become morally suspect.


weyven

weyven (infinitive)
to weyven (infinitive)
weyve (infinitive)
weyve (first-person present singular)
weyved (first-person past singular)
weyvest (present second-person singular)
weyvedest (past second-person singular)
weyveth (present singular third-person)
weyved (past singular third-person)
weyve (present singular subjunctive)
weyved (past singular subjunctive)
weyve (imperative present singular)
weyven (plural present)
weyve (plural present)
weyveden (past plural)
weyvede (past plural)
weyveth (imperative plural present)
weyve (imperative plural present)
weyvynge (participle present)
weyvende (participle present)
weyved (participle past)
yweyved (participle past)
weyve (alternative)
wayve (alternative)
weive (alternative)
wayfe (alternative)
wayvye (alternative)
wayven (alternative)
veyfen (alternative)
waifen (alternative)

English: waive

Scots: wave (obsolete)

From Anglo-Norman weyver, from waif, from Old Norse veif (“flag”); equivalent to weif + -en (infinitival suffix).

To decide not to engage in or with something; to ignore one's right to do something:

To refuse to perform a task or job or take on a duty.

To waive, renounce or reject something; to give up or go without. (e.g. a cause, a luxury, or a plot of land)

To abscond; to sign out or relieve oneself.

To avoid or to resist engaging in something:

To withstand attack or tempting; to remain unbroken or resistant.

To escape from something; to elude or remain unfindable.

To block; to prevent:
To dismiss; to send away or drive away.

To block; to prevent:
To eliminate, to get rid of or purge.

To deem illegal; to declare someone to be a criminal.

To block; to prevent:
To distract; to stop from entering.

To facilitate the passage of something to someone.

To surrender; to admit or acknowledge defeat.


weyven

weyven (infinitive)
to weyven (infinitive)
weyve (infinitive)
weyve (first-person present singular)
weyved (first-person past singular)
weyvest (present second-person singular)
weyvedest (past second-person singular)
weyveth (present singular third-person)
weyved (past singular third-person)
weyve (present singular subjunctive)
weyved (past singular subjunctive)
weyve (imperative present singular)
weyven (plural present)
weyve (plural present)
weyveden (past plural)
weyvede (past plural)
weyveth (imperative plural present)
weyve (imperative plural present)
weyvynge (participle present)
weyvende (participle present)
weyved (participle past)
yweyved (participle past)
weyve (alternative)
wayve (alternative)
wayf (alternative)
wayfe (alternative)
wayven (alternative)
veyven (alternative)

English: waive

From Old Norse veifa, from Proto-Germanic *waibijaną.

To shake, waver or totter; to move to and fro:

To dangle; to sway to and fro while suspended.

To move about; to travel aimlessly or erratically.

ye been so ful of sapience / That yow ne liketh, for youre heighe prudence, / To weyven fro the word of Salomon.

1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “(please specify the story)”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC:

(figurative, rare) To be easily convinced to change course; to be uncertain.

To cause to shake, waver or totter; to push around:

(figurative, rare) To make oneself distracted.


hoden

hoden (infinitive)
to hoden (infinitive)
hode (infinitive)
hode (first-person present singular)
hoded (first-person past singular)
hodest (present second-person singular)
hodedest (past second-person singular)
hodeth (present singular third-person)
hoded (past singular third-person)
hode (present singular subjunctive)
hoded (past singular subjunctive)
hode (imperative present singular)
hoden (plural present)
hode (plural present)
hodeden (past plural)
hodede (past plural)
hodeth (imperative plural present)
hode (imperative plural present)
hodynge (participle present)
hodende (participle present)
hoded (participle past)
yhoded (participle past)
haden (alternative)
hodien (alternative)

English: hode, hade (obsolete)

Scots: hade (obsolete)

From Old English hādian; equivalent to hod + -en (infinitival suffix).

To make holy; to hallow; to appoint as a cleric.


hoden

hoden (infinitive)
to hoden (infinitive)
hode (infinitive)
hode (first-person present singular)
hoded (first-person past singular)
hodest (present second-person singular)
hodedest (past second-person singular)
hodeth (present singular third-person)
hoded (past singular third-person)
hode (present singular subjunctive)
hoded (past singular subjunctive)
hode (imperative present singular)
hoden (plural present)
hode (plural present)
hodeden (past plural)
hodede (past plural)
hodeth (imperative plural present)
hode (imperative plural present)
hodynge (participle present)
hodende (participle present)
hoded (participle past)
yhoded (participle past)
hode (alternative)
hoodyn (alternative)

English: hood

Scots: huid

(rare, Late Middle English) To endow or supply with a hood.


blawen

(Early Middle English) alternative form of blowen (“to blow”)


blowynge

English: blowing

Scots: blawin

Inherited from Old English blāwende; equivalent to blowen (“to blow”) + -ing.

present participle of blowen (“to blow”)


chees

first/second/third-person singular past indicative of chesen


ympen

ympen (third-person singular simple present ympeth, present participle ympende, ympynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle ymped)

ympeth (present singular third-person)
ympende (participle present)
ympynge (participle present)
ymped (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
ympen (infinitive)
to ympen (infinitive)
ympe (infinitive)
ympe (first-person present singular)
ymped (first-person past singular)
ympest (present second-person singular)
ympedest (past second-person singular)
ympeth (present singular third-person)
ymped (past singular third-person)
ympe (present singular subjunctive)
ymped (past singular subjunctive)
ympe (imperative present singular)
ympen (plural present)
ympe (plural present)
ympeden (past plural)
ympede (past plural)
ympeth (imperative plural present)
ympe (imperative plural present)
ympynge (participle present)
ympende (participle present)
ymped (participle past)
yymped (participle past)
impe (alternative)
impen (alternative)
impyn (alternative)
ympe (alternative)

English: imp

Scots: imp

Inherited from Old English impian, from Proto-West Germanic *impōn; equivalent to ympe + -en (infinitival suffix).

To transplant (attach a cutting to stock)

(rare) To introduce an idea or concept to one's mind.

(rare) To plant; to introduce a plant to soil.

(rare, by extension) To incorporate, add or transplant.


byldynge

By surface analysis, bylden + -ing; either formed anew or a continuation of Old English bytling.

beeldynge (alternative)
belding (alternative)
beldyng (alternative)
billedyng (alternative)
buildyng (alternative)
bulding (alternative)
buyldyng (alternative)
byldyng (alternative)
byllyng (alternative)


bayten

bayten (infinitive)
to bayten (infinitive)
bayte (infinitive)
bayte (first-person present singular)
bayted (first-person past singular)
baytest (present second-person singular)
baytedest (past second-person singular)
bayteth (present singular third-person)
bayted (past singular third-person)
bayte (present singular subjunctive)
bayted (past singular subjunctive)
bayte (imperative present singular)
bayten (plural present)
bayte (plural present)
bayteden (past plural)
baytede (past plural)
bayteth (imperative plural present)
bayte (imperative plural present)
baytynge (participle present)
baytende (participle present)
bayted (participle past)
ybayted (participle past)
bayte (alternative)
baite (alternative)
beyton (alternative)
baiten (alternative)
beiten (alternative)
beȝȝtenn (alternative)

English: bait

Scots: bait

From Old Norse beita, from Proto-Germanic *baitijaną; equivalent to bayte + -en (infinitival suffix).

To bait or attack one's prey with a dog.

(rare) To attack one's prey as a dog baiting.

To attack or war with; to bait:
To attack one's prey as a dog baiting.

(rare) To tease or inflict anguish; to drive someone to do something.

To feed an animal or prepare to do so; to feed or water oneself when referring to an animal.

(rare) To dine or consume; to nourish oneself as a human.

(rare, figurative) To metaphorically nourish oneself; to visually stimulate oneself.

(rare) To supply a fishing mechanism with bait.

(rare) To fatten; to prepare so as to be used as meat.


baðien

(Early Middle English) alternative form of bathen


folyne

alternative form of folen (“to be foolish”)


hatien

(Early Middle English) alternative form of haten


hatynge

English: hating

Equivalent to and often remodelled on haten + -ing; nominal senses are inherited from Old English hatung.

hateing (alternative)
hating (alternative)
hatinge (alternative)
hatyng (alternative)
hatienge (alternative Early-Middle-English)
hatiunge (alternative Early-Middle-English)
hatung (alternative Early-Middle-English)
hatungæ (alternative Early-Middle-English)
hatunge (alternative Early-Middle-English)
heatunge (alternative Early-Middle-English)


skynnen

skynnen (third-person singular simple present skynneth, present participle skynnende, skynnynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle skynned)

skynneth (present singular third-person)
skynnende (participle present)
skynnynge (participle present)
skynned (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
skynnen (infinitive)
to skynnen (infinitive)
skynne (infinitive)
skynne (first-person present singular)
skynned (first-person past singular)
skynnest (present second-person singular)
skynnedest (past second-person singular)
skynneth (present singular third-person)
skynned (past singular third-person)
skynne (present singular subjunctive)
skynned (past singular subjunctive)
skynne (imperative present singular)
skynnen (plural present)
skynne (plural present)
skynneden (past plural)
skynnede (past plural)
skynneth (imperative plural present)
skynne (imperative plural present)
skynnynge (participle present)
skynnende (participle present)
skynned (participle past)
yskynned (participle past)

English: skin

Scots: skin

From skyn + -en (infinitival suffix); compare to Old Norse skinna.

(rare) To remove the skin; to perform a circumcision.


rofen

rofen (infinitive)
to rofen (infinitive)
rofe (infinitive)
rofe (first-person present singular)
rofed (first-person past singular)
rofest (present second-person singular)
rofedest (past second-person singular)
rofeth (present singular third-person)
rofed (past singular third-person)
rofe (present singular subjunctive)
rofed (past singular subjunctive)
rofe (imperative present singular)
rofen (plural present)
rofe (plural present)
rofeden (past plural)
rofede (past plural)
rofeth (imperative plural present)
rofe (imperative plural present)
rofynge (participle present)
rofende (participle present)
rofed (participle past)
yrofed (participle past)
roven (alternative)

English: roof

Scots: ruif


schinin

(Early Middle English) alternative form of schinen


couchen

couchen (infinitive)
to couchen (infinitive)
couche (infinitive)
couche (first-person present singular)
couched (first-person past singular)
couchest (present second-person singular)
couchedest (past second-person singular)
coucheth (present singular third-person)
couched (past singular third-person)
couche (present singular subjunctive)
couched (past singular subjunctive)
couche (imperative present singular)
couchen (plural present)
couche (plural present)
coucheden (past plural)
couchede (past plural)
coucheth (imperative plural present)
couche (imperative plural present)
couchynge (participle present)
couchende (participle present)
couched (participle past)
ycouched (participle past)
chouchen (alternative)
cowchyn (alternative)
kouchen (alternative)
couche (alternative)
cowche (alternative)

English: couch

Scots: cooch, cootch

From Old French couchier, from Latin collocāre; equivalent to couche + -en (infinitival suffix).

To lie upon a bed or couch; to recline oneself.

To lie or bow down in a submissive or deferent manner.

To spread put foil or ornaments across; to decorate or adorn.

To organise; to place in specific positions.


maynouren

maynouren (infinitive)
to maynouren (infinitive)
maynoure (infinitive)
maynoure (first-person present singular)
maynoured (first-person past singular)
maynourest (present second-person singular)
maynouredest (past second-person singular)
maynoureth (present singular third-person)
maynoured (past singular third-person)
maynoure (present singular subjunctive)
maynoured (past singular subjunctive)
maynoure (imperative present singular)
maynouren (plural present)
maynoure (plural present)
maynoureden (past plural)
maynourede (past plural)
maynoureth (imperative plural present)
maynoure (imperative plural present)
maynourynge (participle present)
maynourende (participle present)
maynoured (participle past)
ymaynoured (participle past)
maynner (alternative)
maynor (alternative)
maynuren (alternative)
manuren (alternative)
menure (alternative)

English: manure

Scots: manur, manner

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman meinourer and Old French manovrer, both from Vulgar Latin *manuoperare (“work by hand”).

der

To supervise, reign; to exercise one's authority.

(rare) To toil or work, especially agriculturally.


whætte

(Early Middle English) alternative form of whetten


poudren

poudren (infinitive)
to poudren (infinitive)
poudre (infinitive)
poudre (first-person present singular)
poudred (first-person past singular)
poudrest (present second-person singular)
poudredest (past second-person singular)
poudreth (present singular third-person)
poudred (past singular third-person)
poudre (present singular subjunctive)
poudred (past singular subjunctive)
poudre (imperative present singular)
poudren (plural present)
poudre (plural present)
poudreden (past plural)
poudrede (past plural)
poudreth (imperative plural present)
poudre (imperative plural present)
poudrynge (participle present)
poudrende (participle present)
poudred (participle past)
ypoudred (participle past)
poudre (alternative)
powder (alternative)
pouder (alternative)

English: powder

Scots: pouder, pouther

From Old French poudrer, from poudre; equivalent to poudre + -en (infinitival suffix).

To powder; to turn into powder, usually by grinding.

To preserve or ferment food; to add powder to food as to make it last.

To place things (often decorative) on a surface; to spangle.

(rare) To spread powder on to something; to douse something in powder

(rare) To add spices or seasonings to a dish or meal.

(rare) To make indentations on something.


boryn

boryn (infinitive)
to boryn (infinitive)
bore (infinitive)
bore (first-person present singular)
bored (first-person past singular)
borest (present second-person singular)
boredest (past second-person singular)
boreth (present singular third-person)
bored (past singular third-person)
bore (present singular subjunctive)
bored (past singular subjunctive)
bore (imperative present singular)
boren (plural present)
bore (plural present)
boreden (past plural)
borede (past plural)
boreth (imperative plural present)
bore (imperative plural present)
borynge (participle present)
borende (participle present)
bored (participle past)
ybored (participle past)
borien (alternative)
bore (alternative)
boore (alternative)
boyr (alternative)

English: bore

Scots: bore, boir

From Old English borian; equivalent to bore + -en (infinitival suffix).

To bore a hole or holes into something; to slice through something


segynge

seegyng (alternative)
segeing (alternative)
segeyng (alternative)
segeynge (alternative)
seging (alternative)
segyng (alternative)
siggyng (alternative)


heggynge

heching (alternative)
hechinge (alternative)
hedgyng (alternative)
heggeyng (alternative)
hegging (alternative)
hegginge (alternative)
heggyng (alternative)
hegyng (alternative)


remyn

remyn (infinitive)
to remyn (infinitive)
reme (infinitive)
reme (first-person present singular)
remed (first-person past singular)
remest (present second-person singular)
remedest (past second-person singular)
remeth (present singular third-person)
remed (past singular third-person)
reme (present singular subjunctive)
remed (past singular subjunctive)
reme (imperative present singular)
remen (plural present)
reme (plural present)
remeden (past plural)
remede (past plural)
remeth (imperative plural present)
reme (imperative plural present)
remynge (participle present)
remende (participle present)
remed (participle past)
yremed (participle past)

English: ream

Scots: ream

From reme (“cream”) + -en (infinitival suffix).


ræmen

(Early Middle English) alternative form of remen (“to extend; to get up”)


rymen

(Early Middle English) alternative form of remen (“to cry”)