swarten

swarten (infinitive)
to swarten (infinitive)
swarte (infinitive)
swarte (first-person present singular)
swarted (first-person past singular)
swartest (present second-person singular)
swartedest (past second-person singular)
swarteth (present singular third-person)
swarted (past singular third-person)
swarte (present singular subjunctive)
swarted (past singular subjunctive)
swarte (imperative present singular)
swarten (plural present)
swarte (plural present)
swarteden (past plural)
swartede (past plural)
swarteth (imperative plural present)
swarte (imperative plural present)
swartynge (participle present)
swartende (participle present)
swarted (participle past)
yswarted (participle past)

English: swart

From Old English sweartian, from Proto-West Germanic *swartōn, from Proto-Germanic *swartōną.

(intransitive, rare) To blacken or darken.


hilled

alternative form of hiled: past participle of hilen (“to cover”)


bifil

alternative form of bifell: simple past of bifallen


storve

inflection of sterven:
second-person singular past indicative

inflection of sterven:
singular past subjunctive

inflection of sterven:
plural past indicative/subjunctive


folen

folen (infinitive)
to folen (infinitive)
fole (infinitive)
fole (first-person present singular)
foled (first-person past singular)
folest (present second-person singular)
foledest (past second-person singular)
foleth (present singular third-person)
foled (past singular third-person)
fole (present singular subjunctive)
foled (past singular subjunctive)
fole (imperative present singular)
folen (plural present)
fole (plural present)
foleden (past plural)
folede (past plural)
foleth (imperative plural present)
fole (imperative plural present)
folynge (participle present)
folende (participle present)
foled (participle past)
yfoled (participle past)
foolen (alternative)
fole (alternative)

English: foal

Scots: foal

From fole (“foal”) + -en (infinitival suffix).


folen

folen (infinitive)
to folen (infinitive)
fole (infinitive)
fole (first-person present singular)
foled (first-person past singular)
folest (present second-person singular)
foledest (past second-person singular)
foleth (present singular third-person)
foled (past singular third-person)
fole (present singular subjunctive)
foled (past singular subjunctive)
fole (imperative present singular)
folen (plural present)
fole (plural present)
foleden (past plural)
folede (past plural)
foleth (imperative plural present)
fole (imperative plural present)
folynge (participle present)
folende (participle present)
foled (participle past)
yfoled (participle past)
folyne (alternative)

English: fool

Scots: fule, fuil

From Anglo-Norman foler; equivalent to fole (“fool”) + -en (infinitival suffix).


massen

alternative form of messen (“to hold mass”)


seisen

seisen (infinitive)
to seisen (infinitive)
seise (infinitive)
seise (first-person present singular)
seised (first-person past singular)
seisest (present second-person singular)
seisedest (past second-person singular)
seiseth (present singular third-person)
seised (past singular third-person)
seise (present singular subjunctive)
seised (past singular subjunctive)
seise (imperative present singular)
seisen (plural present)
seise (plural present)
seiseden (past plural)
seisede (past plural)
seiseth (imperative plural present)
seise (imperative plural present)
seisynge (participle present)
seisende (participle present)
seised (participle past)
yseised (participle past)
sesen (alternative)
saisen (alternative)
sezen (alternative)
seasen (alternative)
seysen (alternative)
seise (alternative)
sayse (alternative)
seyse (alternative)

English: seize, seise

Scots: seize

From Old French seisir, from Frankish *sakjan, from Proto-Germanic *sakjaną.

(transitive) To kidnap, abduct, or take captive.

(ambitransitive) To seize, take, confiscate.

(ambitransitive) To grant ownership; to entitle.


clepen

enm-verb

clepen (third-person singular simple present clepeth, present participle clepende, first-/third-person singular past indicative clepte, past participle yclept)

clepeth (present singular third-person)
clepende (participle present)
clepte (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
yclept (participle past)
clepen (infinitive)
to clepen (infinitive)
clepe (infinitive)
clepe (first-person present singular)
clepte (first-person past singular)
cleped (first-person past singular)
clepest (present second-person singular)
cleptest (past second-person singular)
clepedest (past second-person singular)
clepeth (present singular third-person)
clepte (past singular third-person)
cleped (past singular third-person)
clepe (present singular subjunctive)
clepte (past singular subjunctive)
cleped (past singular subjunctive)
clepe (imperative present singular)
clepen (plural present)
clepe (plural present)
clepten (past plural)
clepte (past plural)
clepeden (past plural)
clepede (past plural)
clepeth (imperative plural present)
clepe (imperative plural present)
clepynge (participle present)
clepende (participle present)
clept (participle past)
cleped (participle past)
yclept (participle past)
ycleped (participle past)
clepe (alternative)
clepyn (alternative)
cleopien (alternative Early-Middle-English)
clepenn (alternative Early-Middle-English)
clepian (alternative Early-Middle-English)
clepiȝen (alternative Early-Middle-English)
clypian (alternative Early-Middle-English)
clepie (alternative Kent)
clupen (alternative)
clupie (alternative)
clupy (alternative)

English: clepe

Yola: clepe

From Old English cleopian, clipian, from Proto-West Germanic *klipōn, fromProto-Germanic *klipōną.

For that that ſome men blamen euer yet / Lo, other maner folke comenden it / And as for me, for al ſuche variaunce / Felicite clepe I my ſuffyſaunce

c. 1380s, [Geoffrey Chaucer, William Caxton, editor], The Double Sorow of Troylus to Telle Kyng Pryamus Sone of Troye … [Troilus and Criseyde] (in Middle English), [Westminster]: Explicit per Caxton, published 1482, →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], book V, [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC, folio ccvi, verso, column 1:

For that that some blame, yet / other kinds of people commend it. / But as for me, with all that variance / I call on felicity for my competence

to call out, appeal (to someone or something)


snarken

snarken (third-person singular simple present snarketh, present participle snarkende, snarkynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle snarked)

snarketh (present singular third-person)
snarkende (participle present)
snarkynge (participle present)
snarked (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
snarken (infinitive)
to snarken (infinitive)
snarke (infinitive)
snarke (first-person present singular)
snarked (first-person past singular)
snarkest (present second-person singular)
snarkedest (past second-person singular)
snarketh (present singular third-person)
snarked (past singular third-person)
snarke (present singular subjunctive)
snarked (past singular subjunctive)
snarke (imperative present singular)
snarken (plural present)
snarke (plural present)
snarkeden (past plural)
snarkede (past plural)
snarketh (imperative plural present)
snarke (imperative plural present)
snarkynge (participle present)
snarkende (participle present)
snarked (participle past)
ysnarked (participle past)

English: snark

Old English snarcan, from Proto-West Germanic *snarkijan, *snarkōn.


snoren

snoren (third-person singular simple present snoreth, present participle snorende, snorynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle snored)

snoreth (present singular third-person)
snorende (participle present)
snorynge (participle present)
snored (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
snoren (infinitive)
to snoren (infinitive)
snore (infinitive)
snore (first-person present singular)
snored (first-person past singular)
snorest (present second-person singular)
snoredest (past second-person singular)
snoreth (present singular third-person)
snored (past singular third-person)
snore (present singular subjunctive)
snored (past singular subjunctive)
snore (imperative present singular)
snoren (plural present)
snore (plural present)
snoreden (past plural)
snorede (past plural)
snoreth (imperative plural present)
snore (imperative plural present)
snorynge (participle present)
snorende (participle present)
snored (participle past)
ysnored (participle past)
snoryn (alternative)
snore (alternative)

English: snore

Scots: snore

From earlier fnoren, from the noun snore, *fnore, from Old English fnora.


mayen

alternative form of mowen (“to be able to”)


ymagen

ymagen (infinitive)
to ymagen (infinitive)
ymage (infinitive)
ymage (first-person present singular)
ymaged (first-person past singular)
ymagest (present second-person singular)
ymagedest (past second-person singular)
ymageth (present singular third-person)
ymaged (past singular third-person)
ymage (present singular subjunctive)
ymaged (past singular subjunctive)
ymage (imperative present singular)
ymagen (plural present)
ymage (plural present)
ymageden (past plural)
ymagede (past plural)
ymageth (imperative plural present)
ymage (imperative plural present)
ymagynge (participle present)
ymagende (participle present)
ymaged (participle past)
yymaged (participle past)

English: image

From Old French imagier; equivalent to ymage + -en (infinitival suffix).


obumbren

obumbren (third-person singular simple present obumbreth, present participle obumbrende, obumbrynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle obumbred)

obumbreth (present singular third-person)
obumbrende (participle present)
obumbrynge (participle present)
obumbred (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
obumbren (infinitive)
to obumbren (infinitive)
obumbre (infinitive)
obumbre (first-person present singular)
obumbred (first-person past singular)
obumbrest (present second-person singular)
obumbredest (past second-person singular)
obumbreth (present singular third-person)
obumbred (past singular third-person)
obumbre (present singular subjunctive)
obumbred (past singular subjunctive)
obumbre (imperative present singular)
obumbren (plural present)
obumbre (plural present)
obumbreden (past plural)
obumbrede (past plural)
obumbreth (imperative plural present)
obumbre (imperative plural present)
obumbrynge (participle present)
obumbrende (participle present)
obumbred (participle past)
yobumbred (participle past)
aboumbren (alternative)

From Old French obumbrer (“to overshadow”), from Latin obumbrō (“to overshadow”).

(of people, with over or to) to spread like a shadow over

(of the germination of beans) to shelter or protect

Chaucer
Or half the blisse who coude wryte or tel
Whan the holy goost to thee was obumbred

(Christianity, in passive, to be obumbred to) to be caused to overshadow (a reference to the causative role played by the Holy Spirit in the Virgin Mary's conception of Christ)


aboumbren

aboumbren (third-person singular simple present {{{stem}}}eth, present participle {{{stem}}}ende, {{{stem}}}ynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle {{{stem}}}ed)


sadelen

sadelen (infinitive)
to sadelen (infinitive)
sadele (infinitive)
sadele (first-person present singular)
sadeled (first-person past singular)
sadelest (present second-person singular)
sadeledest (past second-person singular)
sadeleth (present singular third-person)
sadeled (past singular third-person)
sadele (present singular subjunctive)
sadeled (past singular subjunctive)
sadele (imperative present singular)
sadelen (plural present)
sadele (plural present)
sadeleden (past plural)
sadelede (past plural)
sadeleth (imperative plural present)
sadele (imperative plural present)
sadelynge (participle present)
sadelende (participle present)
sadeled (participle past)
ysadeled (participle past)
sadlen (alternative)
sadelien (alternative)
sadele (alternative)
sadeli (alternative)
sadelie (alternative)
sadelyn (alternative)
sadel (alternative)
saddyl (alternative)
saddyll (alternative)

desctree

English: saddle
→ Japanese: サドル (sadoru)

Scots: saidle

From Old English sadolian, from Proto-Germanic *sadulōną.


flyten

flyten (infinitive)
to flyten (infinitive)
flyte (infinitive)
flyte (first-person present singular)
flot (first-person past singular)
flytest (present second-person singular)
flote (past second-person singular)
flyte (past second-person singular)
flot (past second-person singular)
flyteth (present singular third-person)
flot (past singular third-person)
flyte (present singular subjunctive)
flote (past singular subjunctive)
flyte (past singular subjunctive)
flyte (imperative present singular)
flyten (plural present)
flyte (plural present)
floten (past plural)
flote (past plural)
flyten (past plural)
flyte (past plural)
flyteth (imperative plural present)
flyte (imperative plural present)
flytynge (participle present)
flytende (participle present)
flyten (participle past)
flyte (participle past)
fflytt (alternative)
flite (alternative)
fliten (alternative)
flyte (alternative)
flytin (alternative)

English: flite, flyte

Scots: flite, flyte

From Old English flītan, from Proto-West Germanic *flītan, of uncertain etymology.


swellen

swellen (infinitive)
to swellen (infinitive)
swelle (infinitive)
swelle (first-person present singular)
swal (first-person past singular)
swelled (first-person past singular)
swellest (present second-person singular)
swolle (past second-person singular)
swal (past second-person singular)
swelledest (past second-person singular)
swelleth (present singular third-person)
swal (past singular third-person)
swelled (past singular third-person)
swelle (present singular subjunctive)
swolle (past singular subjunctive)
swelled (past singular subjunctive)
swelle (imperative present singular)
swellen (plural present)
swelle (plural present)
swollen (past plural)
swolle (past plural)
swelleden (past plural)
swellede (past plural)
swelleth (imperative plural present)
swelle (imperative plural present)
swellynge (participle present)
swellende (participle present)
swollen (participle past)
swolle (participle past)
swelled (participle past)
yswolle (participle past)
swelle (alternative)
swell (alternative)
swallen (alternative)
swellyn (alternative)
swellin (alternative)

English: swell

Scots: swell, swall

From Old English swellan, from Proto-West Germanic *swellan, from Proto-Germanic *swellaną.

To swell; to grow or become bigger or stronger:

(medicine) To become swollen due to illness or injury.

To experience intense emotions:
To become prideful or vain.

(rare) To become distressed, worried, or concerned.

To rise, to go above its previous position.


leie

lei (alternative)
leiʒ (alternative)
leiʒe (alternative)
leghe (alternative)
leʒ (alternative)
lay (alternative)
lai (alternative)
laie (alternative)
lie (alternative)
leai (alternative Early-Middle-English)
leaie (alternative Early-Middle-English)
læi (alternative Early-Middle-English)
læie (alternative Early-Middle-English)
læʒ (alternative Early-Middle-English)
læg (alternative Early-Middle-English)
læiʒe (alternative Early-Middle-English)
laʒʒ (alternative Early-Middle-English)

simple past of lien (“to lie (be in a horizontal position)”)


adighten

enm-verb

adighten (third-person singular simple present adighteth, present participle adightynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative adighte, past participle adight)

adighteth (present singular third-person)
adightynge (participle present)
adighte (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
adight (participle past)
adighten (infinitive)
to adighten (infinitive)
adighte (infinitive)
adighte (first-person present singular)
adighte (first-person past singular)
adightest (present second-person singular)
adightest (past second-person singular)
adighteth (present singular third-person)
adighte (past singular third-person)
adighte (present singular subjunctive)
adighte (past singular subjunctive)
adighte (imperative present singular)
adighten (plural present)
adighte (plural present)
adighten (past plural)
adighte (past plural)
adighteth (imperative plural present)
adighte (imperative plural present)
adightynge (participle present)
adightende (participle present)
adight (participle past)

From Old English ādihtan; equivalent to a- + dighten.

To provide or decorate (with gear or supplies)


woth

Conjugated forms of witen (“wit”, “know”).

first-person singular present indicative of witen

third-person singular present indicative of witen


flaten

flaten (third-person singular simple present flateth, present participle flatende, flatynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle flated)

flateth (present singular third-person)
flatende (participle present)
flatynge (participle present)
flated (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)

From *vlate(n), a dialectal variant of wlaten (“to feel disgust or nausea”). Compare Scots vlatsum (“wlatsome”).


swarmen

swarmen (infinitive)
to swarmen (infinitive)
swarme (infinitive)
swarme (first-person present singular)
swarmed (first-person past singular)
swarmest (present second-person singular)
swarmedest (past second-person singular)
swarmeth (present singular third-person)
swarmed (past singular third-person)
swarme (present singular subjunctive)
swarmed (past singular subjunctive)
swarme (imperative present singular)
swarmen (plural present)
swarme (plural present)
swarmeden (past plural)
swarmede (past plural)
swarmeth (imperative plural present)
swarme (imperative plural present)
swarmynge (participle present)
swarmende (participle present)
swarmed (participle past)
yswarmed (participle past)
swermen (alternative)
swarmyn (alternative)

English: swarm

Scots: swairm

From Old English swirman, from Proto-Germanic *swarmijaną; equivalent to swarm + -en (infinitival suffix).

Right so as bees out swarmen from an hyve, / Out of the develes ers ther gonne dryve / Twenty thousand freres on a route / And thurghout helle swarmed al aboute...

a. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Summoner's Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, lines 1693–1696:

Just like bees swarm from a hive / Out of the devil's arse there were driven / Twenty thousand friars on a rout / And throughout hell they swarmed all about...

To swarm; to move around in a large group.


begalewen

begalewen (third-person singular simple present begaleweth, present participle begalewende, begalewynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle begalewed)

begaleweth (present singular third-person)
begalewende (participle present)
begalewynge (participle present)
begalewed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)

English: begallow (unattested)

From bi- + *galewen, probably related to Old English āgælwed (“astonished, disconcerted”), Old English āgelwan (“to astonish, stupify”).
Compare a-gælwed (“consternated, astonished”) and geal(-g) (“troubled, dismayed”), from Proto-Germanic *gálx, *galg, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *g(')hAlk(')h-, connected with Ancient Greek καλχαίνω (kalkhaínō, “to make purple”) << κάλχη (kálkhē, “purple”), later with a poetic sense of "be excited, ponder deeply."

cog

c. 1320, "Bevis of H." in Ellis Specim. (1811) II. 171

That horse was swift as any swalowe / No man might that horse begallowe.
(please add an English translation of this quotation)


gouten

enm-verb

gǒuten (third-person singular simple present gouteth, present participle goutende, goutynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle gouted)

gǒuten (canonical)
gouteth (present singular third-person)
goutende (participle present)
goutynge (participle present)
gouted (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
gouten (infinitive)
to gouten (infinitive)
goute (infinitive)
goute (first-person present singular)
gouted (first-person past singular)
goutest (present second-person singular)
goutedest (past second-person singular)
gouteth (present singular third-person)
gouted (past singular third-person)
goute (present singular subjunctive)
gouted (past singular subjunctive)
goute (imperative present singular)
gouten (plural present)
goute (plural present)
gouteden (past plural)
goutede (past plural)
gouteth (imperative plural present)
goute (imperative plural present)
goutynge (participle present)
goutende (participle present)
gouted (participle past)
ygouted (participle past)

English: gout (verb)

From Old French goutter, goter (“to drip”), from goutte, gote (“drop of fluid”), from Latin gutta (“drop of fluid”).

(of candles) to drip, to gutter, to gout


awen

awen (infinitive)
to awen (infinitive)
awe (infinitive)
awe (first-person present singular)
awed (first-person past singular)
awest (present second-person singular)
awedest (past second-person singular)
aweth (present singular third-person)
awed (past singular third-person)
awe (present singular subjunctive)
awed (past singular subjunctive)
awe (imperative present singular)
awen (plural present)
awe (plural present)
aweden (past plural)
awede (past plural)
aweth (imperative plural present)
awe (imperative plural present)
awynge (participle present)
awende (participle present)
awed (participle past)
yawed (participle past)
aghen (alternative)
agen (alternative)
aȝen (alternative)

English: awe


caren

caren (infinitive)
to caren (infinitive)
care (infinitive)
care (first-person present singular)
cared (first-person past singular)
carest (present second-person singular)
caredest (past second-person singular)
careth (present singular third-person)
cared (past singular third-person)
care (present singular subjunctive)
cared (past singular subjunctive)
care (imperative present singular)
caren (plural present)
care (plural present)
careden (past plural)
carede (past plural)
careth (imperative plural present)
care (imperative plural present)
carynge (participle present)
carende (participle present)
cared (participle past)
ycared (participle past)
carien (alternative)

English: care

Scots: care, cair

Yola: caars (sg.3)

From Old English carian, from Proto-West Germanic *karōn, from Proto-Germanic *karōną.


demare

(Early Middle English) alternative form of demere


dinten

dumben (infinitive)
to dumben (infinitive)
dumbe (infinitive)
dumbe (first-person present singular)
dumbed (first-person past singular)
dumbest (present second-person singular)
dumbedest (past second-person singular)
dumbeth (present singular third-person)
dumbed (past singular third-person)
dumbe (present singular subjunctive)
dumbed (past singular subjunctive)
dumbe (imperative present singular)
dumben (plural present)
dumbe (plural present)
dumbeden (past plural)
dumbede (past plural)
dumbeth (imperative plural present)
dumbe (imperative plural present)
dumbynge (participle present)
dumbende (participle present)
dumbed (participle past)
ydumbed (participle past)
dunten (alternative)

English: dint, dent, dunt

Scots: dint, dunt


dressen

dressen (third-person singular simple present dresseth, present participle dressende, dressynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle dressedaccel-form=1//3|s|past|ind)

dresseth (present singular third-person)
dressende (participle present)
dressynge (participle present)
dressen (infinitive)
to dressen (infinitive)
dresse (infinitive)
dresse (first-person present singular)
dressed (first-person past singular)
dreste (first-person past singular)
dressest (present second-person singular)
dressedest (past second-person singular)
drestest (past second-person singular)
dresseth (present singular third-person)
dressed (past singular third-person)
dreste (past singular third-person)
dresse (present singular subjunctive)
dressed (past singular subjunctive)
dreste (past singular subjunctive)
dresse (imperative present singular)
dressen (plural present)
dresse (plural present)
dresseden (past plural)
dressede (past plural)
dresten (past plural)
dreste (past plural)
dresseth (imperative plural present)
dresse (imperative plural present)
dressynge (participle present)
dressende (participle present)
dressed (participle past)
drest (participle past)
ydressed (participle past)
ydrest (participle past)
drescen (alternative)
drese (alternative)
dresse (alternative)
drissen (alternative)
drysse (alternative)

English: dress (see there for further descendants)

Scots: dress

From Old French dresser, drescer, drecier, from Medieval Latin *directiō.

To direct or aim oneself:
(reflexive) To move; to betake oneself.

To direct or aim oneself:
To move; to betake oneself.

(reflexive) To turn one's body towards (something).

To direct or aim oneself:
To turn one's body towards (something).

(reflexive) To put oneself (in a position)

To direct or aim oneself:
To put oneself (in a position)

To direct or aim oneself:
To think about; to ponder (something).

To direct or aim oneself:
To focus on; to dedicate oneself to:

To guide or direct (a vehicle or animal)

To put; to set (in a place or position).

To direct or aim to another:
To teach; to counsel.

To direct or aim to another:
To establish control or authority over.

To direct or aim to another:
To address (a message or gift) towards.

(rare, Late Middle English) To adorn; to ornament.

To arrange; to ready or tidy:
To adorn; to ornament.

To arrange; to ready or tidy:
(cooking) To prepare or ready food.

To arrange; to ready or tidy:
To prepare or ready food.

To arrange; to ready or tidy:
To clothe or arm; to gear.

he ſeide / I am a vois of a crier in deſert .· dꝛeſſe ȝe þe weie of þe loꝛd. as yſaie þe pꝛophete ſeide

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Joon 1:23, page 43v, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

He said: "I am the voice of a crier in the wilderness; straighten the way of the Lord, as the prophet Isaiah said."


yntanglyd

For quotations using this term, see Citations:yntanglyd.

entangled (ensnared mentally, bewitched)


moste

first/third-person singular present/past indicative

inflection of moten (“to have to”):
singular present/past subjunctive


shrinken

Chaucer's Works (ed. Skeat) Vol. V by Geoffrey Chaucer, edited by Walter William Skeat, Notes on the Seconde Nonnes Tale
For it nis bote a bladre i-blowe ful of a wreche wynde;
Be it with a litel prikke i-priked, a-wey it shrinketh al;


sawen

English: to saw

1382 John Wycliffe, translation of the Bible (Ebrews 11:37)

Thei weren stoned, thei weren sawid, thei weren temptid, thei weren deed in sleyng of swerd. Thei wenten aboute in broc skynnes, and in skynnes of geet, nedi, angwischid, turmentid; ("They were stoned, they were sawn, they were tempted, they were killed with the slaying of sword: they went about in sheepskins and goatskins; being destitute, anguished, tormented;")


heon

alternative form of hewen (“to make a loud noise”)


likin

(Early Middle English) alternative form of liken (“to like”)


purgen

purgen (infinitive)
to purgen (infinitive)
purge (infinitive)
purge (first-person present singular)
purged (first-person past singular)
purgest (present second-person singular)
purgedest (past second-person singular)
purgeth (present singular third-person)
purged (past singular third-person)
purge (present singular subjunctive)
purged (past singular subjunctive)
purge (imperative present singular)
purgen (plural present)
purge (plural present)
purgeden (past plural)
purgede (past plural)
purgeth (imperative plural present)
purge (imperative plural present)
purgynge (participle present)
purgende (participle present)
purged (participle past)
ypurged (participle past)
poorgyn (alternative)
porge (alternative)
porgyn (alternative)
pourge (alternative)
purge (alternative)
purgyn (alternative)

English: purge

Scots: purge

Borrowed from Old French purgier, from Latin pūrgō.

To cleanse or purify; to remove impurities:

To free from sin; to spiritually purify.

(medicine) To purge or cleanse the body.

To clean or clear; to remove extraneous matter.


appenden

appenden (infinitive)
to appenden (infinitive)
appende (infinitive)
appende (first-person present singular)
appended (first-person past singular)
appendest (present second-person singular)
appendedest (past second-person singular)
appendeth (present singular third-person)
appended (past singular third-person)
appende (present singular subjunctive)
appended (past singular subjunctive)
appende (imperative present singular)
appenden (plural present)
appende (plural present)
appendeden (past plural)
appendede (past plural)
appendeth (imperative plural present)
appende (imperative plural present)
appendynge (participle present)
appendende (participle present)
appended (participle past)
yappended (participle past)

English: append

Ac þe moneye of þis molde · þat men so faste holdeth / Telle me to whom Madame · þat tresore appendeth.

c. 1385, William Langland, Piers Plowman, section I:


spruten

spruten (infinitive)
to spruten (infinitive)
sprute (infinitive)
sprute (first-person present singular)
sprot (first-person past singular)
spruted (first-person past singular)
sprutest (present second-person singular)
sprote (past second-person singular)
sprot (past second-person singular)
sprutedest (past second-person singular)
spruteth (present singular third-person)
sprot (past singular third-person)
spruted (past singular third-person)
sprute (present singular subjunctive)
sprote (past singular subjunctive)
spruted (past singular subjunctive)
sprute (imperative present singular)
spruten (plural present)
sprute (plural present)
sproten (past plural)
sprote (past plural)
spruteden (past plural)
sprutede (past plural)
spruteth (imperative plural present)
sprute (imperative plural present)
sprutynge (participle present)
sprutende (participle present)
sproten (participle past)
sprote (participle past)
spruted (participle past)
sproutyn (alternative)
sprowtyn (alternative)

English: sprout

Scots: sproot, spruit

From Old English sprūtan, from Proto-Germanic *sprūtaną, variant of *spreutaną.

To emerge or sprout; to begin to grow (of plants).

To experience growth or growing; to mature.


swelten

swelten (infinitive)
to swelten (infinitive)
swelte (infinitive)
swelte (first-person present singular)
swalt (first-person past singular)
swelte (first-person past singular)
swelted (first-person past singular)
sweltest (present second-person singular)
swolte (past second-person singular)
swalt (past second-person singular)
sweltest (past second-person singular)
sweltedest (past second-person singular)
swelteth (present singular third-person)
swalt (past singular third-person)
swelte (past singular third-person)
swelted (past singular third-person)
swelte (present singular subjunctive)
swolte (past singular subjunctive)
swelte (past singular subjunctive)
swelted (past singular subjunctive)
swelte (imperative present singular)
swelten (plural present)
swelte (plural present)
swolten (past plural)
swolte (past plural)
swelten (past plural)
swelte (past plural)
swelteden (past plural)
sweltede (past plural)
swelteth (imperative plural present)
swelte (imperative plural present)
sweltynge (participle present)
sweltende (participle present)
swolten (participle past)
swolte (participle past)
swelt (participle past)
swelted (participle past)
swelte (alternative)
squelt (alternative)
suelt (alternative)
sweltan (alternative)

English: swelt

Scots: swelt, swalt

From Old English sweltan, from Proto-West Germanic *sweltan, from Proto-Germanic *sweltaną.


werren

werren (third-person singular simple present werreth, present participle werrende, werrynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle werred)

werreth (present singular third-person)
werrende (participle present)
werrynge (participle present)
werred (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
werren (infinitive)
to werren (infinitive)
werre (infinitive)
werre (first-person present singular)
werred (first-person past singular)
werrest (present second-person singular)
werredest (past second-person singular)
werreth (present singular third-person)
werred (past singular third-person)
werre (present singular subjunctive)
werred (past singular subjunctive)
werre (imperative present singular)
werren (plural present)
werre (plural present)
werreden (past plural)
werrede (past plural)
werreth (imperative plural present)
werre (imperative plural present)
werrynge (participle present)
werrende (participle present)
werred (participle past)
ywerred (participle past)
werre (alternative)
warren (alternative)
weorren (alternative)
weren (alternative)

English: war

Scots: war, weir

From Old French guerrier, guerrer, from Frankish *werran. Equivalent to werre (“war”) + -en (infinitival suffix); influenced and reinforced by that noun.

af

To attack, fight or war (against something or someone); to be involved in or engage in armed conflict.

To inflict destruction or devastation by way of conflict or battle; to bring to ruin.

(rare) To attack outside armed conflict; to fight one-on-one or in a disorganised manner.

To attack a religion (or its people) or a value; to enter into religious or moral conflict.

To denigrate, show enmity towards, punish, or afflict a religion or its followers.

(rare) To have one's knowledge on a topic turn clouded or unclear.


ofsenden

The kynge fro conseille cam · and called after Mede / And ofsent hir alswythe.

c. 1385, William Langland, Piers Plowman, section III:


grasen

grasen (infinitive)
to grasen (infinitive)
grase (infinitive)
grase (first-person present singular)
grased (first-person past singular)
grasest (present second-person singular)
grasedest (past second-person singular)
graseth (present singular third-person)
grased (past singular third-person)
grase (present singular subjunctive)
grased (past singular subjunctive)
grase (imperative present singular)
grasen (plural present)
grase (plural present)
graseden (past plural)
grasede (past plural)
graseth (imperative plural present)
grase (imperative plural present)
grasynge (participle present)
grasende (participle present)
grased (participle past)
ygrased (participle past)
gresen (alternative)
grese (alternative)
grase (alternative)
gresyn (alternative)

English: graze

From Old English grasian, from Proto-Germanic *grasōną; equivalent to gras + -en (infinitival suffix).


octroy

English: octroy

From Middle French octroyer, from Old French otroiier, from Latin auctōrizō. Doublet of auctorise.

Bachus octroyed ⁊ graunted hym this yfte, […]

1480, William Caxton, transl., Six Bookes of Metamorphoseos in Whyche Ben Conteyned the Fables of Ovyde. Translated out of Frensshe into Englysshe by William Caxton. Printed from a Manuscript in the Library of Mr. Secretary Pepys, in the College of St. Mary Magdalen, in the University of Cambridge., London: From the Shakspeare Press, by William Bulmer, […], published 1819:


feyn

(Late Middle English) alternative form of feynen


tuken

enm-verb

tuken (third-person singular simple present tuks, present participle tukende, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle tukkedaccel-form=1//3|s|past|ind)

tuks (present singular third-person)
tukende (participle present)
tuk (alternative)
tuke (alternative)
tukke (alternative)
tukken (alternative)
tukki (alternative)
tucken (alternative)
touken (alternative)
tokken (alternative)
tuki (alternative)
tukie (alternative)
tuc (alternative)
toke (alternative)

English: tuck

Scots: tuck

From Old English tucian (“to mistreat; to torment”) and Middle Dutch, Middle Low German tucken, all from Proto-Germanic *tukkōną (“to tug; to grab; to grasp”). Doublet of touchen.


hyed

hyede (alternative)
hyet (alternative)
hyd (alternative)
hyde (alternative)
hyt (alternative)
yhyed (alternative)
hyet (alternative)
hyd (alternative)
hyde (alternative)

simple past/past participle of hyen (“to move quickly”)


hyed

simple past/past participle of hyen (“to raise, lift up”)


fnese

For, were it wyn, or old or moysty ale,
 That he hath dronke, he speketh in his nose,
 And fneseth faste, and eek he hath the pose.

c. 1387-1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Maunciples Tale:


fukken

*fukken (infinitive)
to *fukken (infinitive)
fukke (infinitive)
fukke (first-person present singular)
fukked (first-person past singular)
fukkest (present second-person singular)
fukkedest (past second-person singular)
fukketh (present singular third-person)
fukked (past singular third-person)
fukke (present singular subjunctive)
fukked (past singular subjunctive)
fukke (imperative present singular)
fukken (plural present)
fukke (plural present)
fukkeden (past plural)
fukkede (past plural)
fukketh (imperative plural present)
fukke (imperative plural present)
fukkynge (participle present)
fukkende (participle present)
fukked (participle past)
yfukked (participle past)
*fuken (alternative)

English: fuck (see there for further descendants)

Early Scots: *fuken

Middle Scots: fuk

Scots: fuck, fuk

Geordie English: fook

Of Germanic origin: Either from Old English *fuccian or from Old Norse *fukka, both from Proto-Germanic *fukkōną (“to smite; copulate”), from Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ-

Roger Fuckebythenavele

1310 December 8, court document from Cheshire, England:

Non sunt in coeli, quia gxddbov xxkxzt pg ifmk.[…]Fratres cum knyvys goth about and txxkxzv nfookt xxzxkt.

They [the friars] are not in heaven, since they fuck the wives of Ely [in Cambridgeshire]. […] Friars with knives go about and swive (have sex with) men’s wives.

Non sunt in coeli, quia fvccant vvivys of heli. […] Fratres cum knyvys goth about and svvivyt mennis vvyvis.


heien

enm-verb

heien (third-person singular simple present heieth, present participle heiende, heiynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle heied)

heieth (present singular third-person)
heiende (participle present)
heiynge (participle present)
heied (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
hei (alternative)
heiȝe (alternative)
heiȝen (alternative)
hegen (alternative)
heghe (alternative)
heghen (alternative)
heȝe (alternative)
heȝen (alternative)
heȝi (alternative)
hehen (alternative)
hechen (alternative)
hehȝi (alternative)
highen (alternative)
hiȝe (alternative)
hiȝen (alternative)
hihen (alternative)
hie (alternative)
hien (alternative)
hæien (alternative)
hæhȝen (alternative)
hey (alternative)
hyghen (alternative)
hyʒe (alternative)
hye (alternative)

English: high

Yola: heighed (preterite)

A conflation of Old English ġehēgan (“to perform, conduct”) (from Proto-West Germanic *hauwjan) and hēan (“to raise up, exalt”) (from *hauhijan). Also influenced by heigh (“high”).


denie

(Early Middle English, Southern) alternative form of dynen (“to resound”)


rudden

enm-verb

rudden (third-person singular simple present ruddeth, present participle ruddende, ruddynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle rudded)

ruddeth (present singular third-person)
ruddende (participle present)
ruddynge (participle present)
rudded (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
rudden (infinitive)
to rudden (infinitive)
rudde (infinitive)
rudde (first-person present singular)
rudded (first-person past singular)
ruddest (present second-person singular)
ruddedest (past second-person singular)
ruddeth (present singular third-person)
rudded (past singular third-person)
rudde (present singular subjunctive)
rudded (past singular subjunctive)
rudde (imperative present singular)
rudden (plural present)
rudde (plural present)
ruddeden (past plural)
ruddede (past plural)
ruddeth (imperative plural present)
rudde (imperative plural present)
ruddynge (participle present)
ruddende (participle present)
rudded (participle past)
yrudded (participle past)
ruddon (alternative)
rude (alternative)

To rub; to move back and forwards on a surface:


cromen

cromen (infinitive)
to cromen (infinitive)
crome (infinitive)
crome (first-person present singular)
cromed (first-person past singular)
cromest (present second-person singular)
cromedest (past second-person singular)
crometh (present singular third-person)
cromed (past singular third-person)
crome (present singular subjunctive)
cromed (past singular subjunctive)
crome (imperative present singular)
cromen (plural present)
crome (plural present)
cromeden (past plural)
cromede (past plural)
crometh (imperative plural present)
crome (imperative plural present)
cromynge (participle present)
cromende (participle present)
cromed (participle past)
ycromed (participle past)
crumen (alternative)
crume (alternative)
crowme (alternative)
creme (alternative)
croumen (alternative)
kremen (alternative)
kryme (alternative)
crummyn (alternative)

English: crumb

From Old English ġecrymman. Some forms are remodelled on crome.


enluten

enluten (third-person singular simple present enluteth, present participle enlutende, enlutynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle enluted)

enluteth (present singular third-person)
enlutende (participle present)
enlutynge (participle present)
enluted (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)

en- + Old French lut or Latin lutum (“clay”).


slynge

slenge (alternative)
sclynge (alternative)
sling (alternative)
slinge (alternative)
slyng (alternative)
slyngge (alternative)


slyngen

slyngen (infinitive)
to slyngen (infinitive)
slynge (infinitive)
slynge (first-person present singular)
slang (first-person past singular)
slyngest (present second-person singular)
slunge (past second-person singular)
slang (past second-person singular)
slyngeth (present singular third-person)
slang (past singular third-person)
slynge (present singular subjunctive)
slunge (past singular subjunctive)
slynge (imperative present singular)
slyngen (plural present)
slynge (plural present)
slungen (past plural)
slunge (past plural)
slyngeth (imperative plural present)
slynge (imperative plural present)
slyngynge (participle present)
slyngende (participle present)
slungen (participle past)
slunge (participle past)
yslunge (participle past)
slyng (alternative)
slynge (alternative)
slyngge (alternative)

English: sling

Scots: sling, slung

Borrowed from Old Norse slyngja, slyngva, from Proto-Germanic *slingwaną.

To sling, hurl, or toss (usually towards a specified location)

To use a weapon (especially a sling) to hurl a projectile.

To attack or hit (especially with a sling)

To destroy or kill; to end or eliminate.

(rare) To dispose or get rid of; to throw away.

(rare) To launch, hurl or sling oneself.


horsen

horsen (infinitive)
to horsen (infinitive)
horse (infinitive)
horse (first-person present singular)
horsed (first-person past singular)
horsest (present second-person singular)
horsedest (past second-person singular)
horseth (present singular third-person)
horsed (past singular third-person)
horse (present singular subjunctive)
horsed (past singular subjunctive)
horse (imperative present singular)
horsen (plural present)
horse (plural present)
horseden (past plural)
horsede (past plural)
horseth (imperative plural present)
horse (imperative plural present)
horsynge (participle present)
horsende (participle present)
horsed (participle past)
yhorsed (participle past)
horse (alternative)

English: horse

From Old English horsian; equivalent to hors + -en (infinitive suffix).


schun

A syncopic form of schulen; the deletion of /l/ is paralleled the pronunciation of modern English should (already occasionally schude in Middle English).

schin (alternative)
schone (alternative)
schune (alternative)
schyn (alternative)
schynne (alternative)
shonne (alternative)
shuln (alternative)
shulne (alternative)
xun (alternative East-Anglia)

present indicative/subjunctive plural of schulen


meynprisen

meynprise + -en (infinitival suffix), borrowed from Anglo-Norman mainprise.

Shal neure man of molde · meynprise þe leste / But riȝte as þe lawe wil loke · late falle on hem alle.

c. 1385, William Langland, Piers Plowman, section II:


sparre

alternative form of sparren (“to close”)


bidelven

bidelven (third-person singular simple present bidelveth, present participle bidelvende, first-/third-person singular past indicative bidalf, past participle bidolven)

bidelveth (present singular third-person)
bidelvende (participle present)
bidalf (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
bidolven (participle past)
bidelven (infinitive)
to bidelven (infinitive)
bidelve (infinitive)
bidelve (first-person present singular)
bidalf (first-person past singular)
bidelvest (present second-person singular)
bidolve (past second-person singular)
bidalf (past second-person singular)
bidelveth (present singular third-person)
bidalf (past singular third-person)
bidelve (present singular subjunctive)
bidolve (past singular subjunctive)
bidelve (imperative present singular)
bidelven (plural present)
bidelve (plural present)
bidolven (past plural)
bidolve (past plural)
bidelveth (imperative plural present)
bidelve (imperative plural present)
bidelvynge (participle present)
bidelvende (participle present)
bidolven (participle past)
bidolve (participle past)
bedelven (alternative)
bydelve (alternative)

From Old English bedelfan (“to dig around, bury”); equivalent to bi- + delven. Cognate with Dutch bedelven (“to bury, overwhelm”).


smellen

smellen (infinitive)
to smellen (infinitive)
smelle (infinitive)
smelle (first-person present singular)
smelled (first-person past singular)
smellest (present second-person singular)
smelledest (past second-person singular)
smelleth (present singular third-person)
smelled (past singular third-person)
smelle (present singular subjunctive)
smelled (past singular subjunctive)
smelle (imperative present singular)
smellen (plural present)
smelle (plural present)
smelleden (past plural)
smellede (past plural)
smelleth (imperative plural present)
smelle (imperative plural present)
smellynge (participle present)
smellende (participle present)
smelled (participle past)
ysmelled (participle past)
smele (alternative)
smeallen (alternative)
smillen (alternative)
smullen (alternative)

English: smell

Scots: smell

Yola: smele, smoll

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *(s)meld-
Proto-West Germanic *smalljan
Old English *smiellan
Middle English smellen
From Old English *smiellan.

etymon

Who drynkeþ therof or smelleth, þe odour of it heleth hym of þe pose.

(transitive) To sense a smell or smells.

First he cheweth greyn and likorys To smellen swete.

Wormys has eten of him now, he smellis for iiij dayes ar gane syn he was lokin vnder a stane.

(intransitive, without a modifier) To smell bad; to stink.


heascen

heascen (infinitive)
to heascen (infinitive)
heasce (infinitive)
heasce (first-person present singular)
heasced (first-person past singular)
heascest (present second-person singular)
heascedest (past second-person singular)
heasceth (present singular third-person)
heasced (past singular third-person)
heasce (present singular subjunctive)
heasced (past singular subjunctive)
heasce (imperative present singular)
heascen (plural present)
heasce (plural present)
heasceden (past plural)
heascede (past plural)
heasceth (imperative plural present)
heasce (imperative plural present)
heascynge (participle present)
heascende (participle present)
heasced (participle past)
yheasced (participle past)
heasci (alternative)

From Old English *hessian, *hetsian, from Proto-West Germanic *hatisōn, from Proto-Germanic *hatisōną. Compare Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌶𐍉𐌽 (hatizōn, “to feel hate, to be angry”).


feynen

feynen (infinitive)
to feynen (infinitive)
feyne (infinitive)
feyne (first-person present singular)
feyned (first-person past singular)
feynest (present second-person singular)
feynedest (past second-person singular)
feyneth (present singular third-person)
feyned (past singular third-person)
feyne (present singular subjunctive)
feyned (past singular subjunctive)
feyne (imperative present singular)
feynen (plural present)
feyne (plural present)
feyneden (past plural)
feynede (past plural)
feyneth (imperative plural present)
feyne (imperative plural present)
feynynge (participle present)
feynende (participle present)
feyned (participle past)
yfeyned (participle past)
fayne (alternative)
feign (alternative)
feigne (alternative)
feine (alternative)
feinen (alternative)
feyn (alternative)
feyne (alternative)
feynyn (alternative)
fene (alternative Northern)
feny (alternative Northern)
fenȝe (alternative)
fenye (alternative)
fenyhe (alternative)

English: feign

desc

Middle Scots: fenȝe, fenȝie, finȝie; faine

Scots: feingie, fenyie, fenzie, feinzie

Borrowed from Old French feindre, from Latin fingō.

To make, produce, cause (especially involving lies or trickery)


colden

colden (infinitive)
to colden (infinitive)
colde (infinitive)
colde (first-person present singular)
colded (first-person past singular)
coldest (present second-person singular)
coldedest (past second-person singular)
coldeth (present singular third-person)
colded (past singular third-person)
colde (present singular subjunctive)
colded (past singular subjunctive)
colde (imperative present singular)
colden (plural present)
colde (plural present)
coldeden (past plural)
coldede (past plural)
coldeth (imperative plural present)
colde (imperative plural present)
coldynge (participle present)
coldende (participle present)
colded (participle past)
ycolded (participle past)
calden (alternative)
chelden (alternative)
kelden (alternative)

Yola: coale

From Old English *caldian, cealdian; equivalent to cold + -en (infinitival suffix).


mawen

alternative form of mowen (“to be able to”)


soghe

alternative form of sowen (“to torment”)


honen

enm-verb

honen (third-person singular simple present honeth, present participle honende, honynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle honed)

honeth (present singular third-person)
honende (participle present)
honynge (participle present)
honed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
hon (alternative)
hone (alternative)
hoine (alternative)

Scots: hune

hon (“delay, hesitation”) + -en (infinitival suffix)


honen

honeth (present singular third-person)
honende (participle present)
honynge (participle present)
honed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)

English: hone

From Old French hogner, hognier, hoingner (French hogner), which could be a cross of honnir (“to disgrace, shame”) and grogner (“to grunt”).


begreten

From bi- + grēten (“to weep”). More at greet.


swind

enm-verb

swind (third-person singular simple present swinds, present participle swinding, first-/third-person singular past indicative swand or swinded, past participle swund or swunden or swinded)

swinds (present singular third-person)
swinding (participle present)
swand (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
swinded (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
swund (participle past)
swunden (participle past)
swinded (participle past)

From Old English swindan (“to waste away, languish”), from Proto-Germanic *swindaną. Cognate with Danish svinde (“to dwindle, vanish”), Dutch zwinden (“to disappear, vanish”), German schwinden (“to decrease, shrink, vanish”), Low German swinnen (“to decrease, shrink, vanish”), Norwegian svinne (“to disappear, vanish”), Swedish svinna (“to disappear, vanish”). See also swindle.

cog

c. 1175, Old English Homilies

Our swink and our tilth is oft wont to disappear.

Ure swinc and ure tilþe is ofte iwoned to swinden.

c. 1390, "Heil be þow Marie Moodur"

Hail, lender and lover of largeness / The sweet and sweetest that never may die.

Heil, lenere and louvere of largenesse / Swete and swettest þat neuer may swynde.

c. 1400, Saint Erkenwald

But suddenly his sweet cheer wasted away and failed.

Bot sodenly his swete chere swyndid and faylide

To languish, waste away, also disappear, vanish.


deluden

deluden (infinitive)
to deluden (infinitive)
delude (infinitive)
delude (first-person present singular)
deluded (first-person past singular)
deludest (present second-person singular)
deludedest (past second-person singular)
deludeth (present singular third-person)
deluded (past singular third-person)
delude (present singular subjunctive)
deluded (past singular subjunctive)
delude (imperative present singular)
deluden (plural present)
delude (plural present)
deludeden (past plural)
deludede (past plural)
deludeth (imperative plural present)
delude (imperative plural present)
deludynge (participle present)
deludende (participle present)
deluded (participle past)
ydeluded (participle past)
delude (alternative)
dellude (alternative)
dyllude (alternative)

English: delude

To delude or mislead, to fill people's mind with wrong

(rare) To parody or make fun of; to joke about someone.


smoken

Smoking the temple, ful of clothes fayre, / This Emelie with herte debonaire / Hire body wesshe with water of a well […]

1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Knyghtes Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC:


lowen

English: low

Scots: low

louen (alternative)
loowen (alternative)
louwen (alternative)
lhouen (alternative)

c. 1250, Anonymous, "Cuckoo Song" (as printed in The Oxford Book of English Verse, 1900)


wonten

(West Midlands, Early Middle English) alternative form of wanten


ourlen

enm-verb

ourlen (third-person singular simple present ourleth, present participle ourlende, ourlynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle ourled)

ourleth (present singular third-person)
ourlende (participle present)
ourlynge (participle present)
ourled (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)

Borrowed from Old French orler (later ourler).

to hem; to trim (add trim to a garment, etc.)


forgreithen

fōrgreithen (third-person singular simple present forgreitheth, present participle forgreithende, forgreithynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle forgreithed)

fōrgreithen (canonical)
forgreitheth (present singular third-person)
forgreithende (participle present)
forgreithynge (participle present)
forgreithed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
for-greithen (alternative)
fore-greithen (alternative)
foregreithen (alternative)
forgraith (alternative)

c. 1400, Psalm 20:12 [now 21:12], in the Northern Verse Psalter (Surtees Psalter) [British Library, Cotton Vespasian D.7 manuscript]; published in Joseph Stevenson, editor, Anglo-Saxon and Early English Psalter: Now First Printed from Manuscripts in the British Museum, volume I, London: J. B. Nichols and Son, Parliament Street; William Pickering, Piccadilly; Edinburgh: Laing and Forbes, 1843, OCLC 832497574, page 59

Therefore shalt thou make them turn their back, / when thou shalt make ready thine arrows upon thy strings against the face of them. [Bible (Authorized Version).]

For set am hindward saltou swa, / And in þair levynges for-graiþe lickam of þa.


skewe

alternative form of skewen (“to run diagonally”)


withfighten

withfighten (third-person singular simple present withfighteth, present participle withfightende, first-/third-person singular past indicative withfoughte, past participle withfoughten)

withfighteth (present singular third-person)
withfightende (participle present)
withfoughte (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
withfoughten (participle past)

From Old English wiþfeohtan (“to fight against; contend with”), equivalent to with- + fighten.

inh

(transitive) To fight against; contend with; struggle against


withdon

enm-verb

withdōn (third-person singular simple present withdoth, present participle withdonde, first-/third-person singular past indicative withdide, past participle withdon)

withdōn (canonical)
withdoth (present singular third-person)
withdonde (participle present)
withdide (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
withdon (participle past)


withchaungen

withchaungen (third-person singular simple present withchaungeth, present participle withchaungende, first-/third-person singular past indicative withchaungede, past participle withchaunged)

withchaungeth (present singular third-person)
withchaungende (participle present)
withchaungede (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
withchaunged (participle past)

(transitive) To alter (one's expression or mood)


withlaughen

withlaughen (third-person singular simple present withlaugheth, present participle withlaughende, first-/third-person singular past indicative withlough, past participle withlaughen)

withlaugheth (present singular third-person)
withlaughende (participle present)
withlough (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
withlaughen (participle past)


withdeparten

withdēparten (third-person singular simple present withdeparteth, present participle withdepartende, first-/third-person singular past indicative withdepartede, past participle withdeparted)

withdēparten (canonical)
withdeparteth (present singular third-person)
withdepartende (participle present)
withdepartede (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
withdeparted (participle past)

From with- + departen (“to divvy up; split; divide”).

prefix

(transitive) To divide or share out; distribute


withscoren

enm-verb

withscoren (third-person singular simple present withscoreth, present participle withscorende, first-/third-person singular past indicative withscorede, past participle withscored)

withscoreth (present singular third-person)
withscorende (participle present)
withscorede (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
withscored (participle past)

(transitive) To curtail or restrict, as one's desires


withscapen

withscapen (third-person singular simple present withscapeth, present participle withscapende, withscapynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle withscaped)

withscapeth (present singular third-person)
withscapende (participle present)
withscapynge (participle present)
withscaped (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)

(intransitive) To get away from; escape from


withslippen

withslippen (third-person singular simple present withslippeth, present participle withslippende, withslippynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle withslipped)

withslippeth (present singular third-person)
withslippende (participle present)
withslippynge (participle present)
withslipped (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)

(transitive) To escape the notice or perception of; elude


withsetten

withsetten (third-person singular simple present withsetteth, present participle withsettende, first-/third-person singular past indicative withsette, past participle withset)

withsetteth (present singular third-person)
withsettende (participle present)
withsette (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
withset (participle past)

English: withset

From Old English wiþsettan (“to set against; resist”), equivalent to with- + setten.

inh

(transitive) To block or obstruct; hinder

(transitive) To mount an opposition against; hold out against; withstand; oppose; resist

(transitive) To deflect (a blow); foil (a plan or scheme)

(transitive) To seize (goods); confiscate


withspeken

enm-verb

withspeken (third-person singular simple present withspeketh, present participle withspekende, first-/third-person singular past indicative withspak, past participle withspoken)

withspeketh (present singular third-person)
withspekende (participle present)
withspak (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
withspoken (participle past)

English: withspeak

From Old English *wiþspecan, a variant of wiþsprecan (“to speak against”), equivalent to with- + speken.


withsamen

withsamen (third-person singular simple present withsameth, present participle withsamende, withsamynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle withsamed)

withsameth (present singular third-person)
withsamende (participle present)
withsamynge (participle present)
withsamed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)

(ambitransitive, of an army) To assemble


withcallen

withcallen (third-person singular simple present withcalleth, present participle withcallende, withcallynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle withcalled)

withcalleth (present singular third-person)
withcallende (participle present)
withcallynge (participle present)
withcalled (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)

English: withcall

(transitive) To recall; call back; revoke


withlesen

withlesen (third-person singular simple present withleseth, present participle withlesende, first-/third-person singular past indicative withlos, past participle withlosen)

withleseth (present singular third-person)
withlesende (participle present)
withlos (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
withlosen (participle past)
witlesen (alternative)
widlesen (alternative)

(intransitive) To be taken away; to be lost


withsterten

withsterten (third-person singular simple present withsterteth, present participle withstertende, first-/third-person singular past indicative withstart, past participle withstorten)

withsterteth (present singular third-person)
withstertende (participle present)
withstart (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
withstorten (participle past)

(transitive) To put up resistance; mount an opposition


tempten

tempten (third-person singular simple present tempteth, present participle temptende, temptynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle tempted)

tempteth (present singular third-person)
temptende (participle present)
temptynge (participle present)
tempted (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
tempten (infinitive)
to tempten (infinitive)
tempte (infinitive)
tempte (first-person present singular)
tempted (first-person past singular)
temptest (present second-person singular)
temptedest (past second-person singular)
tempteth (present singular third-person)
tempted (past singular third-person)
tempte (present singular subjunctive)
tempted (past singular subjunctive)
tempte (imperative present singular)
tempten (plural present)
tempte (plural present)
tempteden (past plural)
temptede (past plural)
tempteth (imperative plural present)
tempte (imperative plural present)
temptynge (participle present)
temptende (participle present)
tempted (participle past)
ytempted (participle past)

English: tempt

Borrowed from Old French tempter, from Latin temptō, variant of tentō, frequentative of teneō.


buffeten

buffeten (third-person singular simple present buffeteth, present participle buffetende, buffetynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle buffeted)

buffeteth (present singular third-person)
buffetende (participle present)
buffetynge (participle present)
buffeted (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
buffeten (infinitive)
to buffeten (infinitive)
buffete (infinitive)
buffete (first-person present singular)
buffeted (first-person past singular)
buffete (first-person past singular)
buffetest (present second-person singular)
buffetedest (past second-person singular)
buffetest (past second-person singular)
buffeteth (present singular third-person)
buffeted (past singular third-person)
buffete (past singular third-person)
buffete (present singular subjunctive)
buffeted (past singular subjunctive)
buffete (past singular subjunctive)
buffete (imperative present singular)
buffeten (plural present)
buffete (plural present)
buffeteden (past plural)
buffetede (past plural)
buffeten (past plural)
buffete (past plural)
buffeteth (imperative plural present)
buffete (imperative plural present)
buffetynge (participle present)
buffetende (participle present)
buffeted (participle past)
buffet (participle past)
ybuffeted (participle past)
ybuffet (participle past)
buffete (alternative)

English: buffet

Borrowed from Old French buffeter, from buffet; equivalent to buffet (“blow, strike”) + -en (infinitival suffix).


munne

alternative form of monen (“to remember”)


flemen

enm-verb

flemen (third-person singular simple present flemeth, present participle flemende, flemynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle flemed)

flemeth (present singular third-person)
flemende (participle present)
flemynge (participle present)
flemed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
flemen (infinitive)
to flemen (infinitive)
fleme (infinitive)
fleme (first-person present singular)
flemed (first-person past singular)
flemest (present second-person singular)
flemedest (past second-person singular)
flemeth (present singular third-person)
flemed (past singular third-person)
fleme (present singular subjunctive)
flemed (past singular subjunctive)
fleme (imperative present singular)
flemen (plural present)
fleme (plural present)
flemeden (past plural)
flemede (past plural)
flemeth (imperative plural present)
fleme (imperative plural present)
flemynge (participle present)
flemende (participle present)
flemed (participle past)
yflemed (participle past)
flem (alternative)
fleme (alternative)
flæmen (alternative Early-Middle-English)
fleome (alternative Early-Middle-English)
vleme (alternative Kent)

English: fleme (obsolete)

Scots: fleem, fleme (obsolete)

From Old English flīeman (“to put to flight, drive away, banish”), from flēam (“flight, flow”) as if Proto-West Germanic *flaumijan; by surface analysis, fleme (“exile”) + -en (infinitival suffix).

surface analysis

To (legally or officially) exile from a jurisdiction.

To remove or expel (a spirit or emotion)

Sir kynge, ye ded a fowle shame whan ye flemyd Sir Trystram oute of thys contrey, for ye nedid nat to have doughted no knyght and he had bene here.

1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “Capitulum xxxviij”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book IX, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:

(rare) To denounce or damn; to speak against.


assignen

English: assign

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd
Proto-Italic *ad
Proto-Italic *ad-
Latin ad-
Latin signō
Latin assignōlbor.
Old French assignerbor.
Middle English assignen
Borrowed from Old French assigner.


vexen

vexen (infinitive)
to vexen (infinitive)
vexe (infinitive)
vexe (first-person present singular)
vexed (first-person past singular)
vexest (present second-person singular)
vexedest (past second-person singular)
vexeth (present singular third-person)
vexed (past singular third-person)
vexe (present singular subjunctive)
vexed (past singular subjunctive)
vexe (imperative present singular)
vexen (plural present)
vexe (plural present)
vexeden (past plural)
vexede (past plural)
vexeth (imperative plural present)
vexe (imperative plural present)
vexynge (participle present)
vexende (participle present)
vexed (participle past)
yvexed (participle past)
vexe (alternative)
vex (alternative)
wexe (alternative)

English: vex

Scots: vex

From Old French vexer, from Latin vexō, vexāre.

(law) To bring legal action (against someone)


heggen

enm-verb

heggen (third-person singular simple present heggeth, present participle heggende, heggynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle hegged)

heggeth (present singular third-person)
heggende (participle present)
heggynge (participle present)
hegged (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
heggen (infinitive)
to heggen (infinitive)
hegge (infinitive)
hegge (first-person present singular)
hegged (first-person past singular)
heggest (present second-person singular)
heggedest (past second-person singular)
heggeth (present singular third-person)
hegged (past singular third-person)
hegge (present singular subjunctive)
hegged (past singular subjunctive)
hegge (imperative present singular)
heggen (plural present)
hegge (plural present)
heggeden (past plural)
heggede (past plural)
heggeth (imperative plural present)
hegge (imperative plural present)
heggynge (participle present)
heggende (participle present)
hegged (participle past)
yhegged (participle past)
eggen (alternative)
hedgyn (alternative)
hege (alternative)
hegge (alternative)
heigge (alternative)

English: hedge

From hegge (“hedge”) + -en (infinitival suffix).

af

To hedge; to place hedges or barriers along a boundary.


breden

breden (infinitive)
to breden (infinitive)
brede (infinitive)
brede (first-person present singular)
bredde (first-person past singular)
bradde (first-person past singular)
bredest (present second-person singular)
breddest (past second-person singular)
braddest (past second-person singular)
bredeth (present singular third-person)
bredde (past singular third-person)
bradde (past singular third-person)
brede (present singular subjunctive)
bredde (past singular subjunctive)
bradde (past singular subjunctive)
brede (imperative present singular)
breden (plural present)
brede (plural present)
bredden (past plural)
bredde (past plural)
bradden (past plural)
bradde (past plural)
bredeth (imperative plural present)
brede (imperative plural present)
bredynge (participle present)
bredende (participle present)
bred (participle past)
brad (participle past)
ybred (participle past)
ybrad (participle past)
brede (alternative)

Scots: brede

From Old English brǣdan, from Proto-West Germanic *brādan, from Proto-Germanic *brēdaną; equivalent to brede (“roast”) + -en (infinitival suffix).


breden

Scots: brede

From Old English brǣdan, from Proto-West Germanic *braidijan, from Proto-Germanic *braidijaną; equivalent to brod (“broad”) + -en (infinitival suffix).

To spread around; to disseminate or scatter.


breden

breden (infinitive)
to breden (infinitive)
brede (infinitive)
brede (first-person present singular)
bredde (first-person past singular)
bradde (first-person past singular)
bredest (present second-person singular)
breddest (past second-person singular)
braddest (past second-person singular)
bredeth (present singular third-person)
bredde (past singular third-person)
bradde (past singular third-person)
brede (present singular subjunctive)
bredde (past singular subjunctive)
bradde (past singular subjunctive)
brede (imperative present singular)
breden (plural present)
brede (plural present)
bredden (past plural)
bredde (past plural)
bradden (past plural)
bradde (past plural)
bredeth (imperative plural present)
brede (imperative plural present)
bredynge (participle present)
bredende (participle present)
bred (participle past)
brad (participle past)
ybred (participle past)
ybrad (participle past)
bred (alternative)
brede (alternative)
bredyn (alternative)
breede (alternative)

English: breed

Scots: breed

From Old English brēdan, from Proto-West Germanic *brōdijan, from Proto-Germanic *brōdijaną; equivalent to brod (“brood”) + -en (infinitival suffix).

To create; to engender or produce:
To breed; to mate (of birds)

To create; to engender or produce:
To carry offspring (in the womb or egg)

To create; to engender or produce:
To bear; to give birth.

To create; to engender or produce:
To raise; to cause to grow.

To create; to engender or produce:
(rare) To breed (selectively mate)

To create; to engender or produce:
To breed (selectively mate)


worschipen

enm-verb

worschipen (third-person singular simple present worschipeth, present participle worschipende, worschipynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle worschiped)

worschipeth (present singular third-person)
worschipende (participle present)
worschipynge (participle present)
worschiped (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
worschipen (infinitive)
to worschipen (infinitive)
worschipe (infinitive)
worschipe (first-person present singular)
worschiped (first-person past singular)
worschipest (present second-person singular)
worschipedest (past second-person singular)
worschipeth (present singular third-person)
worschiped (past singular third-person)
worschipe (present singular subjunctive)
worschiped (past singular subjunctive)
worschipe (imperative present singular)
worschipen (plural present)
worschipe (plural present)
worschipeden (past plural)
worschipede (past plural)
worschipeth (imperative plural present)
worschipe (imperative plural present)
worschipynge (participle present)
worschipende (participle present)
worschiped (participle past)
yworschiped (participle past)


halwen

halwen (third-person singular simple present halweth, present participle halwende, halwynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle halwed)

halweth (present singular third-person)
halwende (participle present)
halwynge (participle present)
halwed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
halwen (infinitive)
to halwen (infinitive)
halwe (infinitive)
halwe (first-person present singular)
halwed (first-person past singular)
halwest (present second-person singular)
halwedest (past second-person singular)
halweth (present singular third-person)
halwed (past singular third-person)
halwe (present singular subjunctive)
halwed (past singular subjunctive)
halwe (imperative present singular)
halwen (plural present)
halwe (plural present)
halweden (past plural)
halwede (past plural)
halweth (imperative plural present)
halwe (imperative plural present)
halwynge (participle present)
halwende (participle present)
halwed (participle past)
yhalwed (participle past)
halȝien (alternative)
halȝen (alternative)
haliȝen (alternative)
halȝhen (alternative)
halewen (alternative)

English: hallow

From Old English hālgian, from Proto-Germanic *hailagōną.


clothen

clothen (infinitive)
to clothen (infinitive)
clothe (infinitive)
clothe (first-person present singular)
cladde (first-person past singular)
clothed (first-person past singular)
clothest (present second-person singular)
claddest (past second-person singular)
clothedest (past second-person singular)
clotheth (present singular third-person)
cladde (past singular third-person)
clothed (past singular third-person)
clothe (present singular subjunctive)
cladde (past singular subjunctive)
clothed (past singular subjunctive)
clothe (imperative present singular)
clothen (plural present)
clothe (plural present)
cladden (past plural)
cladde (past plural)
clotheden (past plural)
clothede (past plural)
clotheth (imperative plural present)
clothe (imperative plural present)
clothynge (participle present)
clothende (participle present)
clad (participle past)
clothed (participle past)
yclad (participle past)
yclothed (participle past)
clothyn (alternative)
claðen (alternative)
kloþen (alternative)
cloþen (alternative)
cloþe (alternative)
clothe (alternative)
clooþe (alternative)
clathe (alternative)
clath (alternative)
cloþie (alternative)
cloþy (alternative)
cloþi (alternative)

English: clothe

From Old English *clāþian, from Proto-Germanic *klaiþōną, from Proto-Indo-European *gley-; equivalent to cloth + -en (infinitival suffix).

(ambitransitive, reflexive) To clothe; to put clothing on (oneself, another).

(transitive, reflexive) To furnish with clothes.

(transitive) To secrete or hide; to stash away.

(transitive) To disguise oneself; to hide one's nature.

/ but whanne þis dedli þing ſchal cloþe vndedlyneſſe .· þanne ſchal þe woꝛd be doon þat is writen / deþ is ſopun up in victoꝛie

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Coꝛinthis ·i· 15:54, page 67v, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010

But when this mortal thing acquires immortality, then the saying that's been recorded will happen: "Death has been swallowed up in victory!"

(reflexive) To gain a trait; to immerse in an abstract quantity.

(ambitransitive) To decorate or ornament.

(rare, intransitive) To be furnished with clothes.


touchen

touchen (third-person singular simple present toucheth, present participle touchende, touchynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle touched)

toucheth (present singular third-person)
touchende (participle present)
touchynge (participle present)
touched (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
touchen (infinitive)
to touchen (infinitive)
touche (infinitive)
touche (first-person present singular)
touched (first-person past singular)
touchest (present second-person singular)
touchedest (past second-person singular)
toucheth (present singular third-person)
touched (past singular third-person)
touche (present singular subjunctive)
touched (past singular subjunctive)
touche (imperative present singular)
touchen (plural present)
touche (plural present)
toucheden (past plural)
touchede (past plural)
toucheth (imperative plural present)
touche (imperative plural present)
touchynge (participle present)
touchende (participle present)
touched (participle past)
ytouched (participle past)
towchen (alternative)
tochen (alternative)

English: touch

Borrowed from Old French tochier, from Vulgar Latin *tuccō, from Frankish *tukkōn.


neiyen

neiyen (third-person singular simple present neiyeth, present participle neiyende, neiyynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle neiyed)

neiyeth (present singular third-person)
neiyende (participle present)
neiyynge (participle present)
neiyed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
neiyen (infinitive)
to neiyen (infinitive)
neiye (infinitive)
neiye (first-person present singular)
neiyed (first-person past singular)
neiyest (present second-person singular)
neiyedest (past second-person singular)
neiyeth (present singular third-person)
neiyed (past singular third-person)
neiye (present singular subjunctive)
neiyed (past singular subjunctive)
neiye (imperative present singular)
neiyen (plural present)
neiye (plural present)
neiyeden (past plural)
neiyede (past plural)
neiyeth (imperative plural present)
neiye (imperative plural present)
neiyynge (participle present)
neiyende (participle present)
neiyed (participle past)
yneiyed (participle past)


preien

preien (third-person singular simple present preieth, present participle preiende, preiynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle preied)

preieth (present singular third-person)
preiende (participle present)
preiynge (participle present)
preied (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
preien (infinitive)
to preien (infinitive)
preie (infinitive)
preie (first-person present singular)
preied (first-person past singular)
preiest (present second-person singular)
preiedest (past second-person singular)
preieth (present singular third-person)
preied (past singular third-person)
preie (present singular subjunctive)
preied (past singular subjunctive)
preie (imperative present singular)
preien (plural present)
preie (plural present)
preieden (past plural)
preiede (past plural)
preieth (imperative plural present)
preie (imperative plural present)
preiynge (participle present)
preiende (participle present)
preied (participle past)
ypreied (participle past)

English: pray

Yola: pry, praie

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman preier, from Old French proiier, from Latin precor, from prex, from Proto-Italic *preks, from Proto-Indo-European *préḱs, from *preḱ-.


fulfillen

fulfillen (third-person singular simple present fulfilleth, present participle fulfillynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative fulfilde, past participle fulfild)

fulfilleth (present singular third-person)
fulfillynge (participle present)
fulfilde (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
fulfild (participle past)
fulfillen (infinitive)
to fulfillen (infinitive)
fulfille (infinitive)
fulfille (first-person present singular)
fulfilled (first-person past singular)
fulfilde (first-person past singular)
fulfillest (present second-person singular)
fulfilledest (past second-person singular)
fulfildest (past second-person singular)
fulfilleth (present singular third-person)
fulfilled (past singular third-person)
fulfilde (past singular third-person)
fulfille (present singular subjunctive)
fulfilled (past singular subjunctive)
fulfilde (past singular subjunctive)
fulfille (imperative present singular)
fulfillen (plural present)
fulfille (plural present)
fulfilleden (past plural)
fulfillede (past plural)
fulfilden (past plural)
fulfilde (past plural)
fulfilleth (imperative plural present)
fulfille (imperative plural present)
fulfillynge (participle present)
fulfillende (participle present)
fulfilled (participle past)
fulfild (participle past)
ffol-ffulle (alternative)
folfulle (alternative)
fulfil (alternative)
fulfill (alternative)
fulfille (alternative)
fulfulle (alternative)
fulfyl (alternative)
fulfyll (alternative)
fulfylle (alternative)
fullefille (alternative)
fullfill (alternative)
fulvullen (alternative Southern)
volvulle (alternative Southern)
volvelle (alternative Kent)

English: fulfill, fulfil

From Old English fullfyllan; equivalent to ful- + fillen.

To perform or do (a deed):
To fulfil a task or duty.

To perform or do (a deed):
To fulfil a prophecy or prediction.

(figuratively) To suffuse or instill; to fill with.

To fill; to make something full:
To suffuse or instill; to fill with.

To fill; to make something full:
To satisfy; to make happy or satiated.

To finish or end; to become or make complete:

(rare, of people) To live (for a specified time)

To replace or supply; to be substituted for.


comaunden

comaunden (third-person singular simple present comaundeth, present participle comaundende, comaundynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle comaunded)

comaundeth (present singular third-person)
comaundende (participle present)
comaundynge (participle present)
comaunded (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
comaunden (infinitive)
to comaunden (infinitive)
comaunde (infinitive)
comaunde (first-person present singular)
comaunded (first-person past singular)
comaunde (first-person past singular)
comaundest (present second-person singular)
comaundedest (past second-person singular)
comaundest (past second-person singular)
comaundeth (present singular third-person)
comaunded (past singular third-person)
comaunde (past singular third-person)
comaunde (present singular subjunctive)
comaunded (past singular subjunctive)
comaunde (past singular subjunctive)
comaunde (imperative present singular)
comaunden (plural present)
comaunde (plural present)
comaundeden (past plural)
comaundede (past plural)
comaunden (past plural)
comaunde (past plural)
comaundeth (imperative plural present)
comaunde (imperative plural present)
comaundynge (participle present)
comaundende (participle present)
comaunded (participle past)
comaund (participle past)
ycomaunded (participle past)
ycomaund (participle past)
comanden (alternative)
commaunden (alternative)
commanden (alternative)
comaunde (alternative)
comande (alternative)
commaunde (alternative)

English: command

Scots: command

From Old French comander, from Latin commandāre, variant of commendāre; doublet of commenden.

To command; to order (someone to do something)

⁊ it was comau[n]did to he[m].· þat þei ſchulde[n] not hirte þe gras of erþe. neþ[er] ony greene þing. neiþ[er] ony tree but oneli men.· þ[a]t han not þe ſigne of god i[n] her forhedis

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 9:4, page 120r, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010

And they were told that they shouldn't hurt the ground's grass, anything green, or any tree, but only humans that didn't have the sigil of God on their foreheads.

To demand; to order (something should be done)


wondren

wondren (third-person singular simple present wondreth, present participle wondrende, wondrynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle wondred)

wondreth (present singular third-person)
wondrende (participle present)
wondrynge (participle present)
wondred (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
wondren (infinitive)
to wondren (infinitive)
wondre (infinitive)
wondre (first-person present singular)
wondred (first-person past singular)
wondrest (present second-person singular)
wondredest (past second-person singular)
wondreth (present singular third-person)
wondred (past singular third-person)
wondre (present singular subjunctive)
wondred (past singular subjunctive)
wondre (imperative present singular)
wondren (plural present)
wondre (plural present)
wondreden (past plural)
wondrede (past plural)
wondreth (imperative plural present)
wondre (imperative plural present)
wondrynge (participle present)
wondrende (participle present)
wondred (participle past)
ywondred (participle past)

English: wonder

Scots: wondir, woundir


folwen

folwen (third-person singular simple present folweth, present participle folwende, folwynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle folwed)

folweth (present singular third-person)
folwende (participle present)
folwynge (participle present)
folwed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
folwen (infinitive)
to folwen (infinitive)
folwe (infinitive)
folwe (first-person present singular)
folwed (first-person past singular)
folwest (present second-person singular)
folwedest (past second-person singular)
folweth (present singular third-person)
folwed (past singular third-person)
folwe (present singular subjunctive)
folwed (past singular subjunctive)
folwe (imperative present singular)
folwen (plural present)
folwe (plural present)
folweden (past plural)
folwede (past plural)
folweth (imperative plural present)
folwe (imperative plural present)
folwynge (participle present)
folwende (participle present)
folwed (participle past)
yfolwed (participle past)
folwien (alternative)
folewen (alternative)
folowen (alternative)
folwe (alternative)
foluwen (alternative)
volewen (alternative)
folȝen (alternative)
foleȝen (alternative)
folien (alternative)
filȝen (alternative)
filiȝen (alternative)
filien (alternative)
fulien (alternative)
vulen (alternative)
vulien (alternative)
feolien (alternative)
felowen (alternative)

English: follow

Middle Scots: folȝe, folow, falow

Scots: follae

From Old English folgian, from Proto-West Germanic *folgēn, from Proto-Germanic *fulgāną.


wearen

(Late Middle English) alternative form of weren (“to wear”)


hounden

hounden (third-person singular simple present houndeth, present participle houndende, houndynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle hounded)

houndeth (present singular third-person)
houndende (participle present)
houndynge (participle present)
hounded (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)


bousen

bousen (third-person singular simple present bouseth, present participle bousende, bousynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle boused)

bouseth (present singular third-person)
bousende (participle present)
bousynge (participle present)
boused (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)

English: booze, bouse, bowse

From Middle Dutch būsen, buisen, buysen (“to drink heavily”).

a. 1325, Michael of Kildare (attributed), Hail, Seint Michel, quoted in Die Kildare-gedichte, Heuser, Wilhelm, ed., published 1904, page 155–156

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Hail, ȝe holi monkes wiþ ȝur corrin, / Late and raþe ifillid of ale and wine! / Depe cun ȝe bouse, þat is al ȝure care,


knokken

knokken (third-person singular simple present knokketh, present participle knokkynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle knokkedaccel-form=1//3|s|past|ind)

knokketh (present singular third-person)
knokkynge (participle present)
knokken (infinitive)
to knokken (infinitive)
knokke (infinitive)
knokke (first-person present singular)
knokked (first-person past singular)
knokkest (present second-person singular)
knokkedest (past second-person singular)
knokketh (present singular third-person)
knokked (past singular third-person)
knokke (present singular subjunctive)
knokked (past singular subjunctive)
knokke (imperative present singular)
knokken (plural present)
knokke (plural present)
knokkeden (past plural)
knokkede (past plural)
knokketh (imperative plural present)
knokke (imperative plural present)
knokkynge (participle present)
knokkende (participle present)
knokked (participle past)
yknokked (participle past)
cnoken (alternative)
knocke (alternative)
knok (alternative)
knoke (alternative)
knokke (alternative)
knokkyn (alternative)

English: knock

→ Dutch: knokken; nokken

Scots: knock, tnock, knack

Yola: knockt (preterite)

From Old English cnocian, from Proto-West Germanic *knokōn, from Proto-Germanic *knukōną. Forms with a short vowel are possibly due to trisyllabic shortening.

lo I ſtonde at the doꝛe .· ⁊ knocke if ony man heriþ my voys · ⁊ openeþ þe ȝate to me · I ſhal entre to hym · ⁊ ſoupe with hym · ⁊ he with me

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 3:20, page 118v, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

I stand at the door and knock; if anyone hears my voice and opens the door for me, I'll go and dine with them, and them with me.


stakken

stakken (infinitive)
to stakken (infinitive)
stakke (infinitive)
stakke (first-person present singular)
stakked (first-person past singular)
stakkest (present second-person singular)
stakkedest (past second-person singular)
stakketh (present singular third-person)
stakked (past singular third-person)
stakke (present singular subjunctive)
stakked (past singular subjunctive)
stakke (imperative present singular)
stakken (plural present)
stakke (plural present)
stakkeden (past plural)
stakkede (past plural)
stakketh (imperative plural present)
stakke (imperative plural present)
stakkynge (participle present)
stakkende (participle present)
stakked (participle past)
ystakked (participle past)
stakkyn (alternative)

English: stack


spreden

English: spread

Scots: spreid

From Old English sprǣdan (“to spread, expand”).

inh

And Moises reiside it, and settide the tablis, and foundementis, and barris, and he ordeynede pilers; and spredde abrood the roof on the tabernacle, and puttide an hilyng aboue, as the Lord comaundide. (Translation of the Vulgate, "Erexitque illud Moses et posuit tabulas ac bases et vectes statuitque columnas et expandit tectum super tabernaculum inposito desuper operimento sicut Dominus imperarat.")


umbeclosen

enm-verb

umbeclosen (third-person singular simple present umbecloseth, present participle umbeclosende, umbeclosynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle umbeclosed)

umbecloseth (present singular third-person)
umbeclosende (participle present)
umbeclosynge (participle present)
umbeclosed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)


umbegon

umbegon (third-person singular simple present umbegoth, present participle umbegonde, first-/third-person singular past indicative umbeyode, past participle umbegon)

umbegoth (present singular third-person)
umbegonde (participle present)
umbeyode (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
umbegon (participle past)

English: umbego

From Old English ymbgān, equivalent to umbe- + gon.

to go around; encompass; enclose; surround

(transitive) to trim or decorate all over


umbedelven

umbedelven (third-person singular simple present umbedelveth, present participle umbedelvende, first-/third-person singular past indicative umbedolf, past participle umbedolven)

umbedelveth (present singular third-person)
umbedelvende (participle present)
umbedolf (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
umbedolven (participle past)


umbeloken

umbeloken (third-person singular simple present umbeloketh, present participle umbelokende, umbelokynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle umbeloked)

umbeloketh (present singular third-person)
umbelokende (participle present)
umbelokynge (participle present)
umbeloked (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
vmbiloken (alternative)
vmbloken (alternative)

From Old English ymblōcian, equivalent to umbe- + loken or um- + beloken (“to belook”).

(intransitive) to look around; take heed; pay attention

(transitive) to pay attention to; consider


umbelappen

umbelappen (third-person singular simple present umbelappeth, present participle umbelappende, umbelappynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle umbelapped)

umbelappeth (present singular third-person)
umbelappende (participle present)
umbelappynge (participle present)
umbelapped (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)

English: umbelap

(transitive) to clothe or wrap; envelop; enclose

(transitive) to encircle; beset; surround; besiege


efflouren

head

efflouren (third-person singular present indicative effloureth)

effloureth (indicative present singular third-person)

Apparently from Middle French effleurer (“remove the flowers of”), assimilated to or blended with Middle English flouren (“bloom”).

der

(intransitive, of a plant) to shed its blossoms


umbefolden

enm-verb

umbefolden (third-person singular simple present umbefoldeth, present participle umbefoldende, first-/third-person singular past indicative umbefeld, past participle umbefolden)

umbefoldeth (present singular third-person)
umbefoldende (participle present)
umbefeld (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
umbefolden (participle past)


yondfaren

yondfaren (third-person singular simple present yondfareth, present participle yondfarende, first-/third-person singular past indicative yondfore, past participle yondfaren)

yondfareth (present singular third-person)
yondfarende (participle present)
yondfore (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
yondfaren (participle past)

From Old English ġeondfaran, equivalent to yond- + faren.

(transitive, literal, figurative) to pass or journey through; travel across; traverse


yondbreden

yondbreden (third-person singular simple present yondbredeth, present participle yondbredende, first-/third-person singular past indicative yondbredde, past participle yondbredd)

yondbredeth (present singular third-person)
yondbredende (participle present)
yondbredde (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
yondbredd (participle past)
ȝeondbræden (alternative)

From Old English ġeondbrǣdan, equivalent to yond- + breden (“to make broad; broaden”).

prefix

(transitive) to go beyond; exceed; extend over


atbreken

enm-verb

atbreken (third-person singular simple present atbreketh, present participle atbrekynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative atbrak, past participle atbroken)

atbreketh (present singular third-person)
atbrekynge (participle present)
atbrak (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
atbroken (participle past)
etbreken (alternative)


atberen

atberen (third-person singular simple present atbereth, present participle atberende, first-/third-person singular past indicative atbar, past participle atboren)

atbereth (present singular third-person)
atberende (participle present)
atbar (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
atboren (participle past)

From Old English ætberan, equivalent to at- + beren.


atbresten

atbresten (third-person singular simple present atbresteth, present participle atbrestynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative atbrast, past participle atbrosten)

atbresteth (present singular third-person)
atbrestynge (participle present)
atbrast (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
atbrosten (participle past)
atbresten (infinitive)
to atbresten (infinitive)
atbreste (infinitive)
atbreste (first-person present singular)
atbrast (first-person past singular)
atbrestest (present second-person singular)
atbroste (past second-person singular)
atbrast (past second-person singular)
atbresteth (present singular third-person)
atbrast (past singular third-person)
atbreste (present singular subjunctive)
atbroste (past singular subjunctive)
atbreste (imperative present singular)
atbresten (plural present)
atbreste (plural present)
atbrosten (past plural)
atbroste (past plural)
atbresteth (imperative plural present)
atbreste (imperative plural present)
atbrestynge (participle present)
atbrestende (participle present)
atbrosten (participle past)
atbroste (participle past)
atbersten (alternative)
atbeorsten (alternative)

Inherited from Old English ætberstan, equivalent to at- + bresten.

(transitive, Early Middle English, uncommon) to break away; escape


effloureth

third-person singular present indicative of efflouren


theam

alternative form of temen (“to give birth, to support”)


submitten

English: submit

Borrowed from Latin submittere, infinitive of submittō (“place under, yield”), from sub (“under, from below, up”) + mitto (“to send”).


quelen

quelen (infinitive)
to quelen (infinitive)
quele (infinitive)
quele (first-person present singular)
qual (first-person past singular)
quel (first-person past singular)
quelest (present second-person singular)
quele (past second-person singular)
quale (past second-person singular)
qual (past second-person singular)
quel (past second-person singular)
queleth (present singular third-person)
qual (past singular third-person)
quel (past singular third-person)
quele (present singular subjunctive)
quele (past singular subjunctive)
quale (past singular subjunctive)
quele (imperative present singular)
quelen (plural present)
quele (plural present)
quelen (past plural)
quele (past plural)
qualen (past plural)
quale (past plural)
queleth (imperative plural present)
quele (imperative plural present)
quelynge (participle present)
quelende (participle present)
quolen (participle past)
quole (participle past)
yquolen (participle past)
yquole (participle past)

English: (dialectal) queal

Inherited from Old English cwelan, from Proto-West Germanic *kwelan, from Proto-Germanic *kwelaną. Doublet of quaylen.


beelde

(East Anglia) alternative form of bylden