on

English: one, an, a, yan (dialectal)

Geordie English: yen

Scots: ane, wan, yin, ae

Yola: oan, ane, own

From Old English ān, from Proto-West Germanic *ain, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *óynos. Compare an, oo.

oon (alternative)
one (alternative)
an (alternative Northern)
an (alternative Early-Middle-English)
ane (alternative Early-Middle-English)

Almihti godd· feader· ſune· hali gaſt· aſ ȝe beoð ϸreo an godd: alſƿa ȝe beoð an mihte· an ƿiſdom· ⁊ an luue[…]

c. 1225, “Introduction”, in Ancrene Ƿiſſe (MS. Corpus Christi 402), Herefordshire, published c. 1235, folios 6, verso – 7, recto; republished at Cambridge: Parker Library on the Web, 2018 January 30:

Almighty God: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, as both three and one, while being one Might, one Wisdom, and one Love […]

And but ye do / c[er]teyn we shal yow teche / that it is fair / to han a wyf in pees / Oon of vs two / moſte bowen doutelees

1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “The Prologe of the Tale of the Wẏf of Bathe”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 63, verso, lines 438-440:

And unless you do, we'll certainly teach you / that it's fair to have a wife in peace; / one of the two of us must without doubt submit.


seven

English: seven

Middle Scots: sevin, sewin

Scots: seiven, seeven

Yola: zeven

From Old English seofon. Forms with final /ə/ are from Old English inflected forms.

ceven (alternative)
seofen (alternative)
seoven (alternative)
sevene (alternative)
sevyn (alternative)
sewyn (alternative)
zeven (alternative Kent)
zeve (alternative Kent)

⁊ þis is þe wit who þat haþ wiſdom / þe ſeuene heedis ben ſeuene hillis .· on which þe womman ſittiþ

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 17:9, page 123r, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

And the mind that has wisdom thinks: "The seven heads are the seven hills that the woman sits on […]


two

desctree

English: two, twain (dated), twey (archaic)
Solombala English: ту (tu)

Geordie English: twe

Scots: twa, twae

From Old English twā, feminine of twēġen.

Gif tƿa men oþer ·iii· coman ridend to an tun · al þe tunſcipe flugæn foꝛ heom. ƿenden ð hi ƿæron ræuereſ.

p. 1154, “AD 1137”, in Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (MS. Laud Misc. 636, continuation), Peterborough, folio 89, verso; republished at Oxford: Digital Bodleian, 2018 February 8:

If two or three men came riding into a town, the whole town ran away from them, concluding that they were robbers.


four

English: four

Geordie English: fower

Scots: fower

Yola: vour, voure, vowre

fore (alternative)
feour (alternative)
fower (alternative)
fowwre (alternative)
foure (alternative)
fowr (alternative)
vour (alternative)

⁊ lo a pale hoꝛs .· and þe name was deþ to him þat ſat on hym and helle ſuede him / and power was ȝouen to him on foure partis of þe erþe .· to ſle with ſwerd / ⁊ wiþ hungur / ⁊ wiþ deþ / ⁊ wiþ beeſtis of þe erþe

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 6:8, page 119r, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

And lo! A pale horse, and the name was Death for who that sat on him, and hell trailed him. And power was given to him over four parts of the earth, to slay with sword, and with hunger, and with death, and with the earth's creatures.

University of Michigan
w:University of Michigan


five

English: five

Scots: five, fif, fife, fyve

Yola: veeve

From Old English fīf, from Proto-West Germanic *fimf, from Proto-Germanic *fimf, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.
Though Old English fīf was usually indeclinable, inflected forms of it are far from unknown. Forms with final -v- originate from intervocalic voicing in these inflected forms.

fife (alternative)
fif (alternative)
fyve (alternative)
vif (alternative)
vive (alternative)


six

English: six

Sranan Tongo: siksi

Aukan: siksi

→ Wayana: siksi

Saramaccan: sigisi

Scots: sax, sex, six

Yola: zeese

From Old English six, from Proto-West Germanic *sehs, from Proto-Germanic *sehs, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs.

cix (alternative)
cex (alternative)
sex (alternative)
zix (alternative Kent)


hund

From Old English hund (“hundred”), from Proto-Germanic *hundą.


ten

English: ten

Scots: ten

Yola: dhen

tene (alternative)
tenne (alternative)
tien (alternative)


twelve

English: twelve

Scots: twal, twol (obsolete twelf, twalf, tuelf)

From inflected froms of Old English twelf, from Proto-West Germanic *twalif, in turn from Proto-Germanic *twalif.

twelfe (alternative)
twelf (alternative)
twælf (alternative)
tuelf (alternative)


twenty

English: twenty
Hawaiian Creole: twenty
Tok Pisin: twenti

Scots: twinty, twenty, tuenty

Yola: dwanty

From Old English twēntiġ, from Proto-Germanic *twai tigiwiz; equivalent to twei + -ty.

thewenti (alternative)
thwenti (alternative)
tuenti (alternative)
tuentie (alternative)
tweinti (alternative)
twenti (alternative)
twentig (alternative)
twentie (alternative)
twenntiȝ (alternative)
twentti (alternative)
twinti (alternative)
twonti (alternative)
twontie (alternative)

At nyght was come into that hostelrye
Wel nyne and twenty in a compaignye

c. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, General Prologue, lines 23–24:

There came at nightfall to that hostelry
Some nine and twenty in a company


fifty

English: fifty

Scots: fifty, fyfty

From Old English fīftiġ, from Proto-Germanic *fimf tigiwiz; equivalent to five + -ty.

fifftiȝ (alternative)
fifte (alternative)
fifti (alternative)
fyffty (alternative)
fyfty (alternative)


sixty

English: sixty

Scots: sexty, saxty

From Old English sixtiġ, from Proto-Germanic *sehs tigiwiz; equivalent to six + -ty.

cexty (alternative)
sexti (alternative)
sexty (alternative)
sixti (alternative)
syxty (alternative)
zixti (alternative)
sextiȝ (alternative)
sixtiȝ (alternative)


seventy

English: seventy

Scots: seiventy

From Old English seofontiġ, alteration of hundseofontiġ, itself a modification of Proto-Germanic *sebuntēhundą; equivalent to seven + -ty.

cevyntye (alternative)
senty (alternative)
sevenety (alternative)
seventi (alternative)
sevinti (alternative)
sevynty (alternative)
seyventi (alternative)
zeventy (alternative)
sefentiȝ (alternative)
seofenntiȝ (alternative)
seoventiȝ (alternative)
soventi (alternative)


hundred

English: hundred
→ Hawaiian: haneli, hanele, haneri

Scots: hunder, hunner

desc

Yola: hindreth, hundreth, hundereth, hunderth, hunnert

From Old English hundred, from Proto-West Germanic *hundarad, from Proto-Germanic *hundaradą (“hundred”); some forms are remodelled on Old Norse hundrað.

hondred (alternative)
houndred (alternative)
houndreth (alternative)
hundered (alternative)
hundereth (alternative)
hunderyth (alternative)
hundreþ (alternative)
hundret (alternative)
hundreth (alternative)
hundrid (alternative)
hundrit (alternative)
hundrythe (alternative)
hwndreth (alternative)
honderd (alternative)
hundurd (alternative)

[Þ]au pilatuſ him come wid ten hu[n]dꝛed cniſteſ. / yet ic wolde louerd foꝛ þi loue fiſte.

c. 1275, Judas (Roud 2964, Child Ballad 23, Trinity College MS. B.14.39), folio 34, recto, lines 34-35; republished at Cambridge: Wren Digital Library (Trinity College), 2019 May 29:

"If Pilate himself came with ten hundred knights, / Lord, I would still fight for your sake."


an

a (alternative)
ane (alternative)
o (alternative)
on (alternative)


won

(Late Middle English) Alternative form of on


sex

From Old English sex, alternative form of six.


ane

(Northern) Alternative form of oon (“one”)


oo

Scots: ae

Yola: o, o'

ho (alternative)
o (alternative)
a (alternative Early-Middle-English Northern)

Forſoþe þe erþe was of oo lip, and of þe ſame wordis.

c. 1384, John Wycliffe, Wycliffe's Bible (translation from the Vulgate), Genesis 11:1:

Truly the earth was of one tongue, and of the same words.


twa

(Northern, Early Middle English) Alternative form of two


a

(Northern, Early Middle English) Alternative form of oo (“one”)


þusend

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of thousend


fourty

English: forty

Yola: vorty

From Old English fēowertiġ, from Proto-Germanic *fedwōr tigiwiz; equivalent to four + -ty.

fourti (alternative)
feortiȝ (alternative)
forty (alternative)
vourty (alternative)
fowwerrtiȝ (alternative Ormulum)


ahte

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of eighte


tuenti

c. 1215, Layamon's Brut

(please add an English translation of this quotation)


thre

English: three

Scots: three, threi, hrei

Yola: dhree, dhrie, dree

From Old English þrīe, þrī, þrēo, from Proto-West Germanic *þrīʀ, from Proto-Germanic *þrīz, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.

threo (alternative)
thri (alternative)
thrie (alternative)
þre (alternative)
þreo (alternative)


twei

Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *twai (“two”), from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (“two”). Cognate with German zwei, and others.

“[…] And god made twei grete liytis / the gretter liyt that it schulde be bifore to the dai / and the lesse liyt that it schulde be bifore to the niyt […]”And God made two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night:

ca. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey & others, “Genesis 1:16”, in The Bible:


thrittene

q

dialectal <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">throtteen</i>

English: thirteen (dialectal throtteen)

desc

Middle Scots: thertene, therttene, threttein, thretteine, thretten, threttene

Scots: thirteen

Yola: dhurteen

From Anglian Old English þreotēne (compare West Saxon þreotīene), from Proto-Germanic *þritehun; equivalent to thre + -tene.

thirttene (alternative)
thurtene (alternative Early-Middle-English)

'My lord,' quod he, 'whan that the weder is fair,
With-outen wind or perturbinge of air,
Lat bringe a cartwheel here in-to this halle,
But loke that it have his spokes alle.
Twelf spokes hath a cartwheel comunly.
And bring me than twelf freres, woot ye why?
For thrittene is a covent, as I gesse.[']

1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, "The Somnour's Tale", in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; Rev. Walter W. Skeat, editor, The Complete Works of Geoffrey Chaucer, Vol. 4, Second Edition, Oxford at the Clarendon Press: Humphrey Milford, 1900, →OCLC, lines 2253–2261 (547–553)

"My lord," he said, "When the weather is good, and there is no wind or perturbations in the air, let a cart-wheel be brought into this hall, but ensure that it has all its spokes: a cart-wheel has twelve spokes, commonly. And bring me then twelve friars, do you know why? Because a thirteen's a convent, as I estimate.


nyne

English: nine

Scots: nine, neen, nyn, nyne

Yola: neen

From inflected forms of Old English nigon, from Proto-West Germanic *nigun, variant of *neun, in turn from Proto-Germanic *newun, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥.

nine (alternative)
nin (alternative)
niȝen (alternative)
neghen (alternative)
neyen (alternative)
nyen (alternative)
niwon (alternative)
niȝhenn (alternative)


eighte

English: eight

Sranan Tongo: aiti

Scots: echt, aucht

Yola: ayght, aught

From Old English eahta, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.
The form /ˈæi̯xt(ə)/, showing the West Midland and Kentish dialectal development of /æ/ (< Old English /æ͜ɑ/) to /ɛ/ (instead of usual /a/), unexpectedly predominates in Middle English.

eight (alternative)
eiȝt (alternative)
eiȝte (alternative)
eyȝt (alternative)
ahte (alternative Early-Middle-English)
eahte (alternative Early-Middle-English)
ehhte (alternative Early-Middle-English)
ehte (alternative Early-Middle-English)
aghte (alternative Northern)
aucht (alternative Northern)
aughte (alternative Northern)


elleven

English: eleven

Middle Scots: ane-levin, alevin, ellevin, elevin, levin

Scots: eleiven, eleeven

From Old English endleofan, from Proto-West Germanic *ainalif, in turn from Proto-Germanic *ainalif; forms with final /ə/ are from Old English inflected forms.
The shift of primary stress from the first to the second syllable is unexpected.

eleven (alternative)
elleovene (alternative)
ellevene (alternative)
ellevyn (alternative)
endleve (alternative)
enleve (alternative)
enleven (alternative)


seoven

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of seven


seventene

English: seventeen

Scots: seiventeen

Yola: zeventeen

From Anglian Old English seofontēne (compare West Saxon seofontīene), from Proto-Germanic *sebuntehun. Equivalent to seven + -tene.

sevenetene (alternative)
cevyntene (alternative)
seventeen (alternative)
seventen (alternative)
sevyntene (alternative)
seoventene (alternative Early-Middle-English)
soventene (alternative Early-Middle-English)
seofontyne (alternative Early-Middle-English)
sceoventene (alternative Early-Middle-English)


fourtene

English: fourteen

Scots: fowerteen

Yola: vourteen

From Anglian Old English fēowertēne (compare West Saxon fēowertīene), from Proto-Germanic *fedurtehun; equivalent to four + -tene.

ffortene (alternative)
ffourtene (alternative)
fourten (alternative)
fourtiene (alternative)
fowretene (alternative)
fowrten (alternative)
fowrtene (alternative)


fiftene

English: fifteen

Yola: vifteen

From Anglian Old English fīftēne (compare West Saxon fīftīene), from Proto-Germanic *fimftehun; equivalent to five + -tene.

viftene (alternative)
fyvetene (alternative)
fiften (alternative)
fyftene (alternative)


seoventene

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of seventene


sixtene

English: sixteen

Scots: saxteen

From Anglian Old English sixtēne (compare West Saxon siextīene), from Proto-Germanic *sehstehun; equivalent to six + -tene.

sextene (alternative)
sixetene (alternative)
sexteen (alternative)
sexten (alternative)
cextene (alternative)
syxtene (alternative)
sixteen (alternative)


nynetene

English: nineteen

Scots: nineteen

Yola: neenteen

From Anglian Old English niġontēne (compare West Saxon niġontīene), from Proto-Germanic *newuntehun. Equivalent to nyne + -tene.

nintene (alternative)
nyntene (alternative)
nynteen (alternative)
neȝentene (alternative)


niwon

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of nyne


sextiȝ

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of sixty


sefentiȝ

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of seventy


nynty

English: ninety

Scots: ninety

From Old English nigontiġ, alteration of hundnigontiġ, itself a modification of Proto-Germanic *newuntēhundą; equivalent to nyne + -ty.

neneti (alternative)
nenty (alternative)
neynte (alternative)
nineti (alternative)
ninty (alternative)
nyenty (alternative)
nynety (alternative)
nynte (alternative)
nynti (alternative)
nyynty (alternative)
nigenti (alternative)
nigneti (alternative)


nigenti

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of nynty


thousend

desctree

English: thousand
→ Hawaiian: kaukani, tausani

Scots: thousand, thoosan, thoosand

Inherited from Old English þūsend, from Proto-West Germanic *þūsundi, from Proto-Germanic *þūsundī; some forms are remodelled on the participial ending -and.

thosand (alternative)
thousand (alternative)
thousent (alternative)
thousind (alternative)
thousynd (alternative)
thouzand (alternative)
thowsand (alternative)
thowsande (alternative)
thowsaund (alternative)
thowsend (alternative)
thusand (alternative)
þhousand (alternative)
þosend (alternative)
þousand (alternative)
þousande (alternative)
þousant (alternative)
þousen (alternative)
þousend (alternative)
þousinde (alternative)
þousond (alternative)
þousynde (alternative)
þouzend (alternative)
þowsand (alternative)
þowsant (alternative)
þowzand (alternative)
ðhusant (alternative)
ðusent (alternative)
þusand (alternative)
þusen (alternative)
þusend (alternative)
þusennde (alternative)
þusent (alternative)
þusund (alternative)
þusunt (alternative)

Mani þusen hi drapen mid hungær.

Many thousands they overcame with hunger.


tweyne

English: twain

desc

Yola: twy, twi, twye, twee, twine, twyne

From Old English twēġen m (“two”), from Proto-West Germanic *twai-, from Proto-Germanic *twai.

tweien (alternative)
twaine (alternative)
twine (alternative)
twie (alternative)


thritty

English: thirty

Yola: dhirtee

From Old English þritiġ; equivalent to thre + -ty.

thirtie (alternative)
thriti (alternative)
thritte (alternative)
thrittie (alternative)
þritiȝ (alternative)

Iudaſ þou moſt to iurſelem oure mete foꝛ to bugge / þritti platen of ſelu[er] þou bere up oþi rugge […]

c. 1275, Judas (Roud 2964, Child Ballad 23, Trinity College MS. B.14.39), folio 34, recto, lines 3-4; republished at Cambridge: Wren Digital Library (Trinity College), 2019 May 29:

"Judas, you must go to Jerusalem to buy our food; / You'll have thirty pieces of silver on your back […]


eightetene

English: eighteen

Scots: aughteen, auchteen, aichteen

Yola: ayghteen

From Anglian Old English eahtatēne (compare West Saxon eahtatīene), from Proto-Germanic *ahtōutehun. Equivalent to eighte + -tene.

auhtene (alternative)
awghtene (alternative)
ehtetene (alternative)
eightene (alternative)
eiȝtene (alternative)
eiȝtetene (alternative)
eyghtene (alternative)
eyȝtene (alternative)
eyȝteteene (alternative)


thrin

Yola: drine

From Late Old English þrinna, from Old Norse þrinnr.

thrine (alternative)
thrijn (alternative)
threin (alternative)