abawed

Perhaps past participle of a verb from Old French abaubir (“to frighten, disconcert”), from Latin ad- + balbus (“stammering”).

der

I was abawed for marveyle, / For ever the fayrer that it was, / The more I am bounded in Loves laas.

c. 1440, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Romaunt of the Rose:


able

English: able

Scots: able, abel, awbel, yible

→ Welsh: abl

From Old French able, habile, from Latin habilis.

capable, expert, qualified, skilful, competent.


alien

aliene (plural)
aliene (singular weak)
alyon (alternative)
alean (alternative)
alyen (alternative)
aliand (alternative)
aliaund (alternative)
aliant (alternative)
alyant (alternative)

English: alien

Scots: alien, awlien

From Old French alien, aliene, from Latin aliēnus. Some forms (chiefly nominal) show assimilation to the suffix -ant.

Outside, alien, foreign; from or relating to another nation.

Religiously outside; heretical, erring; of false religion or morals.

Distant, isolated, secure, away (from something)

(rare) Under the authority of other nation's religious institutions.

(rare) Not relating to or of oneself; not natural (to one's body).


seme

Borrowed from Old Norse sœmr, from Proto-Germanic *sōmiz.


crude

English: crude (see there for further descendants)

unprocessed, uncooked, unworked (in a negative way)


second

Alternative form of secunde (“after the first”)


open

head

open (comparative more open, superlative most open)

more open (comparative)
most open (superlative)
opyn (alternative)
ope (alternative)

q

obsolete <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">ope</i>

English: open (obsolete ope)

Scots: appen, apen

From Old English open, from Proto-West Germanic *opan.

14th c. Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales. General Prologue: 9-11.
And smale foweles maken melodye,
That slepen al the nyght with open eye-
(So priketh hem Nature in hir corages);
And many little birds make melody
That sleep through all the night with open eye

(So Nature pricks them on to ramp and rage)


first

English: first

Scots: first, furst

Yola: vursth, vurst, virst, vrist

From Old English fyrest, from Proto-West Germanic *furist, from Proto-Germanic *furistaz.

ferst (alternative)
furst (alternative)
fyrst (alternative)
frist (alternative)
frust (alternative)
frost (alternative)
frest (alternative)
virst (alternative Southern)
vurst (alternative Southern)
vorst (alternative Southern)
verst (alternative Southern)


welcome

English: welcome

Yola: welkome, welcome

From Old English wilcuma, equivalent to wille + come. Forms with /ɛ/ have been assimilated to wel.

welcume (alternative)
wilcume (alternative)
wulcume (alternative)


abstract

English: abstract

Scots: abstract

Drawn away or out of; detached:
Excerpted; quoted from another text.

Out of one's mind or detached from reality; temporarily insane.

Having been (pulled or moved) above the ground.

Drawn away or out of; detached:
Barely comprehensible; hard to read.

Drawn away or out of; detached:
(grammar) Abstract (of a noun).

Drawn away or out of; detached:
Abstract (of a noun).


general

English: general

Scots: general

Yola: generale

From a mixture of Anglo-Norman general, Middle French general, and Latin generālis.

generall (alternative)
generale (alternative)


here

her (alternative)
hær (alternative)
harey (alternative)

English: here

From Old English hēore, hȳre (“pleasant”), from Proto-Germanic *hiurijaz (“familiar; mild”).


here

Alternative form of herre: comparative degree of heigh (“high”)


grey

greye (plural)
greye (singular weak)
grei (alternative)
gray (alternative)
grai (alternative)
greye (alternative)
gry (alternative)
græi (alternative)
gro (alternative)
gra (alternative)
greȝe (alternative)
greiȝe (alternative)

English: gray, grey

Scots: gray

Yola: gry

From Old English grǣġ, from Proto-West Germanic *grāu, from Proto-Germanic *grēwaz.


red

head

red (comparative redder, superlative reddest)

redder (comparative)
reddest (superlative)
redde (alternative)
reed (alternative)
read (alternative)
ræd (alternative)

English: red

Scots: rede, reid

Yola: reed

From Old English rēad, from Proto-West Germanic *raud, from Proto-Germanic *raudaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós.

(alchemy) causing transmutation into gold


violet

English: violet

From Old French violette, from Latin viola.

vyolet (alternative)
vyolette (alternative)
violette (alternative)
vyelet (alternative)
vialet (alternative)


wrong

wronge (plural)
wronge (singular weak)
rong (alternative)
wornge (alternative)
wrang (alternative)
wronge (alternative)
wronk (alternative)

English: wrong

Northumbrian: wrang

Scots: wrang

Semantic loan from Old Norse rangr, while the form is from Old English wrang (“rough, uneven”); ultimately from Proto-Germanic *wrangaz.


worst

worste (plural)
worste (singular weak)
warst (alternative)
warste (alternative)
werist (alternative)
werst (alternative)
werste (alternative)
wirst (alternative)
worste (alternative)
wyrst (alternative)
werrest (alternative Early-Middle-English)
wrst (alternative Early-Middle-English)
wurst (alternative Early-Middle-English)

desc

dialectal <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">wust</i>

English: worst (dialectal wust)

Scots: warst, waurst

From Old English wierst, contraction of wierrest, from Proto-West Germanic *wirsist, from Proto-Germanic *wirsistaz.


hundred

English: hundredth

A combination of specialised use of the cardinal and hundred (“hundred”) + -the (ordinal suffix).

af

hondraȝte (alternative)
hondred (alternative)
hondredaȝte (alternative)
hundredeþe (alternative)
hundret (alternative)
hundreþ (alternative)
hundreth (alternative)
hundrid (alternative)


animal

English: animal

animale (alternative)
animall (alternative)
anymal (alternative)
anymall (alternative)

Related to the soul or spirit of a living being (i.e. sentience or sapience)


future

English: future

Scots: futur

Borrowed from Old French futur, from Latin futūrus, past participle of sum (cognate to Middle English been).

futur (alternative)
ffutur (alternative)
futire (alternative)

Occurring after the present; future or upcoming.

(rare, grammar) Having the future tense; grammatically marking futureness.


angry

angriest (superlative)
angri (alternative)
angrye (alternative)

English: angry

Scots: angry

From anger + -y, from Old Norse angr (“affliction, sorrow”).

Angry; displaying angriness (usually of actions)

Easily annoyed or angered; irous or spiteful.


arm

English: arm

Scots: arm

From Old English earm (“poor, wretched”), from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“poor”), from Proto-Indo-European *erm- (“poor, ill”).


north

English: north

Scots: north

Yola: nordh

norþ (alternative)
northe (alternative)
norþe (alternative)
norrþ (alternative)


south

English: south

Scots: sooth

From Old English sūþ, in turn from Proto-West Germanic *sunþr, from Proto-Germanic *sunþrą.

souþ (alternative)
suþ (alternative)
sowth (alternative)
suthe (alternative)
souþe (alternative)
suth (alternative)
souht (alternative)
zouth (alternative Kent)


west

English: west

Scots: wast

From Old English west, from Proto-West Germanic *west, *westr, from Proto-Germanic *westrą, from *westraz, from Proto-Indo-European *wek(ʷ)speros (“evening”).

wæst (alternative)
weeste (alternative)
weste (alternative)


right

head

right (plural and weak singular righte, comparative rightre, superlative rightest)

righte (plural)
righte (singular weak)
rightre (comparative)
rightest (superlative)
reȝt (alternative)
riȝte (alternative)
riȝt (alternative)
ryȝt (alternative)
ryght (alternative)
righte (alternative)
riht (alternative)

desctree

English: right
→ Spanish: right
→ Welsh: reit

Scots: richt

Yola: reicht, riaught, ryaught

On the or at the right (as opposed to left)

Morally or legally correct or justified.


cold

head

cold (plural and weak singular colde, comparative colder, superlative *coldest)

colde (plural)
colde (singular weak)
colder (comparative)
*coldest (superlative)
cald (alternative)
chald (alternative)
cheald (alternative)
cheld (alternative)
coold (alternative)

English: cold

Geordie English: cawd, cauld

Scots: cald, cauld

Yola: coale, khoal, cole

from the form stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn

Inherited from Anglian Old English cald; variants with ch- are from West Saxon ċeald.

(locations) having a tendency to be cold

cold-feeling, cold when touched, cooled, chilly

(alchemy, medicine) Considered to be alchemically cold


hot

hote (alternative)
hoot (alternative)
hoote (alternative)
hoth (alternative)
whote (alternative)
hate (alternative Northern)
hatte (alternative Northern)


warm

warm (plural and weak singular warme, comparative warmer, superlative warmest)

warme (plural)
warme (singular weak)
warmer (comparative)
warmest (superlative)
warme (alternative)
werm (alternative)
wearm (alternative)

Scots: wairm

English: warm

(locations or garments) having a tendency to be warm; designed to stay warm


other

From Old English ōþer. Compare German oder.


good

good (plural and weak singular gode, comparative bettre, superlative best)

gode (plural)
gode (singular weak)
bettre (comparative)
best (superlative)
god (alternative)
gode (alternative)
goed (alternative)
gude (alternative)

desctree

English: good, goode (obsolete)
Solombala English: гудъ (gud), гутъ (gut)

Scots: guid

Yola: gooude, gude, gayde

Inherited from Old English gōd, from Proto-West Germanic *gōd, from Proto-Germanic *gōdaz.

14th c., Chaucer, General Prologue

advantageous, wealthy, profitable, useful

For to make Soupys dorry. Nym onyons […] Nym wyn […] toste wyte bred and do yt in dischis, and god Almande mylk.

1381, Pegge Cook, Recipes, page 114, quoted in 1962, Hans Kurath & Sherman M. Kuhn, eds., Middle English Dictionary, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan Press, ISBN 978-0-472-01044-8, page 1242

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Soupes dorye. — Take gode almaunde mylke […] caste þher-to Safroun an Salt […]

c. 1430 (reprinted 1888), Thomas Austin, ed., Two Fifteenth-century Cookery-books. Harleian ms. 279 (ab. 1430), & Harl. ms. 4016 (ab. 1450), with Extracts from Ashmole ms. 1429, Laud ms. 553, & Douce ms. 55 [Early English Text Society, Original Series; 91], London: N. Trübner & Co. for the Early English Text Society, volume I, OCLC 374760, page 11


male

English: male

Scots: male

Borrowed from Old French masle, malle, from Late Latin masclus, from Latin masculus; compare femele and masculyn.

madle (alternative)
mascle (alternative)
mal (alternative)
masle (alternative)
maule (alternative)
mawle (alternative)

Used in extended reference to supposedly "male" gems, plants, or astrological portents.


very

verier (comparative)
verai (alternative)
veray (alternative)
verra (alternative)
verray (alternative)
verre (alternative)
verrei (alternative)
verrey (alternative)
verri (alternative)
verry (alternative)
werai (alternative)
werrai (alternative)
wery (alternative)


saffron

English: saffron

Scots: sefron

c. 1200, borrowed from Old French safran, from Medieval Latin safranum, from Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān);
as a colour adjective from the late 14th century.

saffroun (alternative)
safroun (alternative)
safferon (alternative)
safryn (alternative)
saffryn (alternative)
safran (alternative)
safron (alternative)
safurroun (alternative)
saferowne (alternative)
saffren (alternative)
safur (alternative)
safer (alternative)
saffyron (alternative)
saffran (alternative)
saferon (alternative)
saffrin (alternative)
safroune (alternative)


rice

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of riche (“rich”)


adel

adle (plural)
adle (singular weak)
addull (alternative)
adyll (alternative)

English: addle

Scots: addle, addil, aidle, aidil, adle

From Old English adel, adela, from Proto-West Germanic *adal, from Proto-Germanic *adalaz.


bel

From Old French bel, biau, from Latin bellus, from Old Latin *duenelos. Doublet of beau.

bele (alternative)
beele (alternative)
beale (alternative)
bealle (alternative)

Physically appealing; attractive, pretty.


verre

verrest (superlative)
verai (alternative)
veray (alternative)
verra (alternative)
verray (alternative)
verrei (alternative)
verrey (alternative)
verri (alternative)
verry (alternative)
very (alternative)
werai (alternative)
werrai (alternative)
wery (alternative)


vert

English: vert

Borrowed from Old French vert, from Late Latin virdis, syncopated from Classical Latin viridis.

verd (alternative)
verte (alternative)
wert (alternative)


hungry

English: hungry

Scots: hungry

Yola: hungree

From Old English hungriġ, from Proto-Germanic *hungragaz; equivalent to hunger + -y.

hungrie (alternative)
hungri (alternative)
hungre (alternative)
hungery (alternative)
hongry (alternative)
hungury (alternative)
hungorie (alternative)
hungrye (alternative)
houngrie (alternative Early-Middle-English)
hungrig (alternative Early-Middle-English)
hunnꟑriȝ (alternative Ormulum)

Hungry or starving; afflicted by hunger or starvation.

Voracious; having a great desire or compulsion to eat.

Haggard, scrawny; shriveled due to hunger or starvation.

(rare) Due to hunger; because of one's appetite.

(rare) Desirous; wanting something to a great degree.


hard

English: hard

Yola: hard

From Old English heard, from Proto-West Germanic *hard(ī), from Proto-Germanic *harduz.


ilke

English: ilk

Scots: ilk

From Old English ilca, conjectured as from Proto-Germanic *ilīkaz, a compound of *iz and *-līkaz from the noun *līką (“body”).

Than maystow chese wheither thou wolt sippe

2011 July 20, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Wife Of Bath's Prologue”, in Librarius, retrieved 2016-10-04:

Of thilke tonne that I shal abroche,


bet

in predicates
bett (alternative)
bette (alternative)
bæt (alternative Early-Middle-English)

English: bet (obsolete)

From Old English bet, from Proto-West Germanic *bati, from Proto-Germanic *batiz. In adverbial senses, later supplemented by bettre.


flaxen

English: flaxen

Yola: vlaxen

Inherited from Old English fleaxen; equivalent to flax + -en (“made of”).

flexin (alternative)
flexon (alternative)


hold

English: hold

From Old English hold, from Proto-West Germanic *holþ, a variant on a root meaning ‘lean, incline’ (compare Old English heald, hieldan).
Cognates include Old Frisian hold, Old Saxon hold, Old High German hold (German hold), Old Norse hollr (Danish huld, Swedish huld), Gothic 𐌷𐌿𐌻𐌸𐍃 (hulþs).


common

(Late Middle English) Alternative form of comun


self

English: self

Scots: self, sel

Inherited from Old English self, from Proto-West Germanic *selb, from Proto-Germanic *selbaz.

salve (alternative)
silf (alternative)
sulf (alternative)

(the) (very/self) same, (the) aforementioned

Intensifies the pronoun or noun it follows or precedes; very


cruel

English: cruel

Scots: cruel

From Old French crual, from Latin crūdēlis.

kruell (alternative)
cruele (alternative)
cruwel (alternative)
crewel (alternative)
cruell (alternative)
cruwelle (alternative)
crewelle (alternative)
cruelle (alternative)
crowell (alternative)

Merciless, cruel; revelling in another's pain.

Deleterious, injurious; conducive to suffering.

Savage, vicious, dangerous; displaying ferocity.


shone

English: sheen

From Old English scȳne, scēone (“beautiful, fair, bright”), from Proto-Germanic *skauniz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱoun- (“quick, dashing, beautiful”). Compare Middle Dutch scone (“beautiful, bright”), Dutch schoon (“beautiful”), German schön (“beautiful”).

cog

schon (alternative)
scone (alternative)
shene (alternative)

St. Nicolas, beloved by God, build us beautiful, resplendent houses!

Sainte Nicholaes, godes druþ, tymbre us faire scone hus! — Sainte Nicholaes godes druþ, 1225

As glistening gold ... So beautiful that sheen ... Longingly I looked at her.

As glysnande golde ... So schon þat schene ... On lenghe I loked to hyr. — Pearl, 1400

beautiful, glorious, excellent, resplendent, noble


dogged

doggid (alternative)
dogget (alternative)


woke

head

woke (plural and weak singular woke, comparative wakker, superlative wakkest)

woke (plural)
woke (singular weak)
wakker (comparative)
wakkest (superlative)
wac (alternative)
woc (alternative)
wake (alternative)
wok (alternative)
wooc (alternative)
woake (alternative)

Scots: wak, wake, waik (conflated with weyk)

Inherited from Old English wāc, from Proto-West Germanic *waikw, from Proto-Germanic *waikwaz. Doublet of weyk.

Physically weak or feeble; lacking strength or energy:

Weak or feeble due to illness, affliction or aging.

Lacking competency in combat or on the battlefield.

Helpless; lacking power, authority, or control.

(rare) Fruitless, barren (agriculturally unusable).

Weak-minded; lacking mental force, power or endurance:

Religiously weak; vulnerable to sin or moral turpitude.

(rare) Fearful, afraid; lacking bravery or courage.

(rare) Unintelligent; lacking intelligence or mental willpower.

(rare) Indecisive (unable to commit or take action).

(rare) Morally suspect or corrupt; selfish.

Unimportant, valueless (of little value or import).

(rare) Bendable; able to be plied or flexed.


wet

English: wet (see there for further descendants)

Scots: wat

Yola: weate

From Old English wǣt, wāt, and weten (“to wet”).

wett (alternative)
wette (alternative)
wete (alternative)
weet (alternative)
weete (alternative)

(alchemy, medicine) Something that is considered alchemically wet


round

round (plural and weak singular rounde, comparative roundere)

rounde (plural)
rounde (singular weak)
roundere (comparative)
rond (alternative)
rounde (alternative)
roun (alternative)
rount (alternative)
roende (alternative Late-Middle-English)
rown (alternative Late-Middle-English)
rowne (alternative Late-Middle-English)
rownd (alternative Late-Middle-English)
rowndde (alternative Late-Middle-English)
rownde (alternative Late-Middle-English)
rowunde (alternative Late-Middle-English)

English: round

Geordie English: roond

Scots: round, roond

Borrowed from Old French reont, from Late Latin retundus, from Latin rotundus.

Rounded, curvy; lacking angles:
Spherical, round; shaped like a ball.

Rounded, curvy; lacking angles:
Circular; shaped like a ring.

rotund, plump (positively or negatively)


sot

sotte (plural)
sotte (singular weak)
sotte (alternative)
sote (alternative)
sott (alternative)
soth (alternative)

From Old English sot, sott, from Medieval Latin sottus, reinforced by Old French sot (“idiotic”), of obscure origin. Possibly an expressive interjection, similar to modern French zut! (“damn it!”).

onomatopoeic

expressive


different

head

different (plural and weak singular differente)

differente (plural)
differente (singular weak)
dyfferent (alternative)

English: different

Scots: different

From Old French different, from Latin differēns, present active participle of differō; equivalent to differren (“to postpone”) + -ent.


flat

English: flat

Yola: vlat

From Old Norse flatr, from Proto-Germanic *flataz.

flatt (alternative)
flatte (alternative)


long

long (plural and weak singular longe, comparative lengere, superlative lengest)

longe (plural)
longe (singular weak)
lengere (comparative)
lengest (superlative)
longe (alternative Late-Middle-English)
lang (alternative Early-Middle-English Northern)
lange (alternative Early-Middle-English Northern)

English: long

Geordie English: lang

Scots: lang

Yola: lhaung, long

From Old English lang, from Proto-West Germanic *lang, from Proto-Germanic *langaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dlongʰos.
The sense "due to" is from Old English ġelang, from Proto-West Germanic *galang.

Long; having great length:
Tall; having great height.

Elongated; with a length exceeding its width.

Long-lasting, lengthy; having great duration:

Distant or remote in time or (rarely) space.

Due to, dependent upon, attributable to.

(uncommon) Eternal, perpetual; without end.


hospital

English: hospital (obsolete)

Borrowed from Old French hospital, from Latin hospitālis, hospitāle. Doublet of hostel.

hospitale (alternative)
hospitall (alternative)
hospitalle (alternative)
hospitel (alternative)
hospytal (alternative)
hospytale (alternative)
hospytall (alternative)
ospitale (alternative)


salt

salt (plural and weak singular salte, comparative salter, superlative saltest)

salte (plural)
salte (singular weak)
salter (comparative)
saltest (superlative)
salte (alternative)
scealte (alternative)
selt (alternative)
sealt (alternative)
saulte (alternative)
sawt (alternative)
zalt (alternative)

English: salt

Scots: sawt, salt, saut

From Old English sealt, from Proto-West Germanic *salt, from Proto-Germanic *saltą (noun) and Proto-Germanic *saltaz (adjective).


old

old (plural and weak singular olde, comparative eldre, superlative eldest)

olde (plural)
olde (singular weak)
eldre (comparative)
eldest (superlative)
eeld (alternative)
eelde (alternative)
eld (alternative)
elde (alternative)
holde (alternative)
oold (alternative)
olde (alternative)
wolde (alternative)
ald (alternative Northern)
awlde (alternative Northern)
eild (alternative Northern)
eald (alternative Kent)
yalde (alternative Kent)
yealde (alternative Kent)
yolde (alternative Southwestern)
yhold (alternative Southwestern)
yolle (alternative Southwestern)

desc

English: old (dialectal ole, ould, wold)

Geordie English: awd, auld

Scots: auld

Yola: yole, yold, yola, yolaw

Inherited from Anglian Old English ald, from Proto-West Germanic *ald, from Proto-Germanic *aldaz (“grown-up”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-.
Forms with /ɛː/ are either from forms such as West Saxon and Kentish Old English eald or due to analogy with the comparative eldre or superlative eldest.

Old; long extant or existent:
Elderly; advanced in life or lifecycle.

Familiar, habitual; established as practice.

Old; long extant or existent:
Relating to old age or senescence.

From or relating to an earlier era; ancient:

Old-fashioned, archaic; following previous custom.

Aged; worn or used from age:
(of food and drink) Matured, stale.

Aged; worn or used from age:
Matured, stale.

(astronomy, of the moon) In the waning crescent.

Aged; worn or used from age:
In the waning crescent.

Mature (fully developed; past its youth).


lift

English: left

Yola: left

luft (alternative)
left (alternative)
leoft (alternative)


vein

veine (alternative)
veigne (alternative)
veiin (alternative)
veiine (alternative)
ven (alternative)
vain (alternative)
vaine (alternative)
wein (alternative)
wain (alternative)
waine (alternative)

English: vain

Scots: vane, vain, vaine

From Old French vain, from Latin vānus (“empty”). The noun is derived from the adjective.

(of a person, the heart, the mind, etc.) foolish, gullible

the heart; the mind; the heart; the mind


gram

From Old English gram, from Proto-Germanic *gramaz; cognate to Old Norse gramr. Related to grim.

For he knew, the swike dam, / Euerildel God was him gram.


potable

English: potable

Borrowed from Old French potable, from Latin pōtābilis.


gain

Alternative form of gayn (“direct, fast, good, helpful”)


incorrigible

English: incorrigible

Borrowed from Middle French incorrigible, from Latin incorrigibilis.

incorigeble (alternative)
incorrigibil (alternative)
incorygibile (alternative)
incorigibyll (alternative)


instrumental

English: instrumental

From Medieval Latin instrumentalis; equivalent to instrument + -al.

instrumentale (alternative)
instrumentall (alternative)

Resembling an instrument in role; instrumental (serving as a means)

Resembling an instrument in use (i.e. being used as a tool)

Resembling a (specific kind of) instrument in appearance.


happy

English: happy (see there for further descendants)

Yola: happie


original

head

original (plural and weak singular originale)

originale (plural)
originale (singular weak)
oryginall (alternative)
origynall (alternative)
orygynal (alternative)
orygynall (alternative)
origynal (alternative)
oryginal (alternative)
oregynall (alternative)
originalle (alternative)
originall (alternative)

English: original

Scots: original, oreeginal

From Old French original, from Late Latin orīginālis; equivalent to origyne + -al.

original, primordial; preceding everything else

connected to the origin or beginning of something


fervent

English: fervent

Scots: fervent

Borrowed from Old French fervent, from Latin fervēns, ferventem; compare fervour.

farvent (alternative)
ferfent (alternative)
fervein (alternative)
fervente (alternative)
ffervent (alternative)
vervent (alternative)


natural

English: natural

Scots: naitural

From Old French natural, from Latin nātūrālis; equivalent to nature + -al.

naturall (alternative)
naturalle (alternative)
natureel (alternative)
naturel (alternative)
naturell (alternative)
naturelle (alternative)
naturill (alternative)

intrinsic, fundamental, basic; relating to natural law.

natural (preexisting; present or due to nature):

usual, regular (i.e. as found in nature)

inborn; due to one's natural reasoning (rather than a deity's intervention)

Nourishing; healthful or beneficial to one's body.

Misbegotten; conceived outside of marriage

Diligent in performing one's societal obligations.

(rare) Bodily; relating to one's human form.


seconde

Alternative form of secunde (“after the first”)


ol

Alternative form of hol (“healthy, whole”)


universal

English: universal

From Old French universel, from Latin ūniversālis; equivalent to universe + -al.

universall (alternative)
unyversal (alternative)
universalle (alternative)
universell (alternative)
uniyversale (alternative)
universele (alternative)
universel (alternative)

all-encompassing, subject to everything and everyone; having universal significance.

(Late Middle English) absolute, subject to everything in a given area or subject (e.g. a settlement; a person)

(Late Middle English) frequently practiced, usual, customary.

(Late Middle English, rare) Given total leeway and control; with universal power.

(Late Middle English, rare) unbiased, unprejudiced, nonpolitical

(Late Middle English, rare) general, non-specific, generic

(Late Middle English, philosophy, rare) unformed, uncreated, unmade.

(Late Middle English, philosophy, rare) theoretical, abstract, general.


pers

English: perse

From Old French pers, from Medieval Latin persus.

perce (alternative)
perse (alternative)
piers (alternative)


wan

wane (alternative)
wanne (alternative)
won (alternative West-Midlands)
wonne (alternative West-Midlands)
wone (alternative West-Midlands)

English: wan

Scots: wan

From Old English wann (“dark”), from Proto-West Germanic *wann, from Proto-Germanic *wannaz, of uncertain origin.


half

From Old English healf, half, from Proto-West Germanic *halb, from Proto-Germanic *halbaz.


laus

English: loose

Scots: lous, lows, loose

From Old Norse lauss, of Germanic origin.


real

English: real

Scots: real

Borrowed from Old French reel, from Late Latin reālis.

riall (alternative)
realle (alternative)
reale (alternative)
ryall (alternative)
reall (alternative)

(Late Middle English) real, true, factual

(Late Middle English, law) concerning possessions


holy

holy (plural and weak singular holye, comparative holyere, superlative holyest)

holye (plural)
holye (singular weak)
holyere (comparative)
holyest (superlative)
hooly (alternative)
holi (alternative)
hooli (alternative)
holye (alternative)
holie (alternative)
holly (alternative)
hoolly (alternative)
holli (alternative)
hoolli (alternative)
oly (alternative)
oli (alternative)
wholy (alternative)
woly (alternative)
hole (alternative)
hali (alternative)
haly (alternative)
hayly (alternative)
aly (alternative)
ali (alternative)
hale (alternative)
hely (alternative)
heli (alternative)
holiȝ (alternative)
holiȝe (alternative)
holia (alternative)
halge (alternative)
halege (alternative)
halȝe (alternative)
hallȝhe (alternative)
haliȝ (alternative)
haliȝe (alternative)
halie (alternative)

English: holy

Scots: haly, halie

Yola: holly, holy

Inherited from Old English hāliġ, from Proto-West Germanic *hailag, from Proto-Germanic *hailagaz; equivalent to hool + -y.

Dedicated to or separated for a religious purpose; sacred, consecrated.

[…]of moost holi lyuynge, and best taught and moost wyse of heuenly wysdom[…]

1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, page 37:

[…] of the most holy living, and the best-taught and wisest heavenly wisdom […]


holy

English: holey

holi (alternative)
holly (alternative)
holli (alternative)

Full of holes or cavities; porous, spongy; hollow.


worldly

English: worldly

Scots: warldly, wardly

From Old English woruldlīċ, worldlīċ, weoroldlīċ, from Proto-West Germanic *weraldilīk, from Proto-Germanic *weraldilīkaz; equivalent to world + -ly (adjectival suffix).

wardly (alternative)
warldely (alternative)
warldly (alternative)
werdely (alternative)
werdly (alternative)
werldly (alternative)
wordeliche (alternative)
wordlelich (alternative)
wordli (alternative)
wordlich (alternative)
wordly (alternative)
worldli (alternative)
worldlich (alternative)
worldliche (alternative)
worlly (alternative)
worly (alternative)
wurdly (alternative)
wurldly (alternative)
weordlich (alternative)
weoruldlic (alternative)
werldlic (alternative)
worlich (alternative)
worltlich (alternative)

Of the material world:
Made of matter; material, physical.

Of the material world:
Not eternal; temporal.

Of the material world:
Subject to death; mortal.

Mundane, secular; unrelated to religion:


eternal

English: eternal, tarnal

Scots: eternal

/ɛːtɛrˈnɛːl/

Borrowed from Old French eternal, eternel, from Latin aeternālis; equivalent to eterne + -al.

eterneel (alternative)
eternall (alternative)

Eternal, permanent; having existed (and existing) forever.


supernatural

English: supernatural

Scots: supernatural

From Middle French supernaturel, from Latin supernātūrālis; equivalent to super- + natural.

(Late Middle English, religion) Deity-related; from God.


pure

pure (comparative purer, superlative purest)

purer (comparative)
purest (superlative)
pur (alternative)
puyr (alternative)
pore (alternative)
poure (alternative)
peure (alternative)
puȝr (alternative)
puir (alternative)
puire (alternative)
puyre (alternative)

Scots: puir, pure

English: pure

→ Cornish: pur

pure, unadulterated, undiluted, untarnished


cursed

English: cursed

Yola: cursed

corsed (alternative)
cursid (alternative)
curst (alternative)


net

English: neat, net

Scots: neat, nate

Yola: neatt, neeat, naate, nate

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman neit, a variant of Old French net, nette, from Latin nitidus (“gleaming”).

nett (alternative)
nette (alternative)
nete (alternative)


mercurial

Mercurial (alternative)
Mercuriall (alternative)

English: mercurial

Borrowed from Latin mercuriālis, Mercuriālis (“pertaining to the Roman god Mercury”).

The ſixte ſuende after this / By name Canis minor is. / The which ſterre is Mercuriall / By wey of kinde, and forth withall / As it is writen in the carte / Complexion he taketh of Marte.

c. 1386–1390, John Gower, “Book VII”, in Reinhold Pauli, editor, Confessio Amantis of John Gower: Edited and Collated with the Best Manuscripts, volume III, London: Bell and Daldy […], published 1857, →OCLC, page 130:

(astrology, astronomy) mercurial; pertaining to or under the influence of the planet Mercury


loud

loud (plural and weak singular loude, comparative loudere)

loude (plural)
loude (singular weak)
loudere (comparative)
loude (alternative)
lowd (alternative)
lowde (alternative)
lud (alternative)

English: loud

Scots: loud, lood

Inherited from Old English hlūd, from Proto-West Germanic *hlūd, from Proto-Germanic *hlūdaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlutós.

(rare) Obvious; easily detectable or discernible.


strong

strong (plural and weak singular stronge, comparative strenger or stronger, superlative strengest or strongest)

stronge (plural)
stronge (singular weak)
strenger (comparative)
stronger (comparative)
strengest (superlative)
strongest (superlative)
stronge (alternative)
stronke (alternative)
stron (alternative)
strange (alternative)
straunge (alternative)

English: strong, string

Scots: strang

Yola: straung

From Old English strang, from Proto-Germanic *strangaz.


waste

Alternative form of wast (“waste (adjective)”)

Inflection of wast (“waste (adjective)”):


fo

English: foe (obsolete as an adjective)

From Old English fā, a form of fāh, from Proto-West Germanic *faih, from Proto-Germanic *faihaz.

foo (alternative)
fa (alternative Early-Middle-English)


cant

English: cant (dialectal)

Scots: cant

Possibly from Middle Low German *kant, perhaps a slang word related to kant (“edge, rim”), from Medieval Latin canthus.

cante (alternative)
kant (alternative)
kaunt (alternative)

c. 1340, Cursor Mundi, Cotton Vespasian A iii, lines 8943-46

Jews who were so bold and ready, when they had seen this miracle, pulled it out and made a bridge over a little stream to lie

Iuus þat war sa cant and kene, / Quen þai had þis meracles sene, / þai drou it þen and mad a brig / Ouer a litel burn to lig

(Northern, Early Scots) bold, lively, cant


glad

English: glad

Scots: gled, glaid

Yola: glaude

From Old English glæd, from Proto-West Germanic *glad, from Proto-Germanic *gladaz.

glade (alternative)
gladde (alternative)
glaid (alternative)
gled (alternative)


beau

From Old French bel, biau, from Latin bellus, from Old Latin *duenelos. Doublet of bel.

beu (alternative)
bew (alternative)
bewe (alternative)


bare

English: bare

Scots: bare, bair

Yola: baar, baare

From Old English bær, from Proto-West Germanic *baʀ, from Proto-Germanic *bazaz.

bar (alternative)
baar (alternative)
bayre (alternative)
bere (alternative)
beare (alternative)


naked

English: naked

Scots: nakit

From Old English nacod, from Proto-Germanic *nakwadaz. Compare naken.

nakid (alternative)
nakyd (alternative)
naaked (alternative)
naket (alternative)
nakit (alternative)
nakede (alternative)

Fully bodily uncovered; naked, clothesless or unclothed.

Partially bodily uncovered or bald; uncovered in a specific area.

Of a melee weapon: lacking a hilt or sheath; openly carried or readied.

Of a wound: exposed; open, showing internals.

Apparent, unveiled, obviously visible (in contrast to a previous state)

(often with an item specified) Having none of something; bare of a thing or quality:

Having no armour or weapons; unequipped for battle.

Unvegetated; lacking plant growth or ground cover.

Bereft of possessions or accoutrements; without one's or its trappings.

Put in literal form; without decoration or accoutrements.

Referring to the core or substance of something.

(rare) Undiluted, unqualified, unconditional.


rad

rad (plural and weak singular rade, comparative raddere, superlative raddest)

rade (plural)
rade (singular weak)
raddere (comparative)
raddest (superlative)
radde (alternative)
rade (alternative)
red (alternative Early-Middle-English)
ræd (alternative Early-Middle-English)

Scots: redd, red

Inherited from Old English hræd, from Proto-West Germanic *hrad, from Proto-Germanic *hradaz. Compare rathe.


rad

Scots: rad, radd, red, redd, rede

Borrowed from Old Norse hræddr, past participle of hræða (“to frighten”).

raadd (alternative)
radde (alternative)
rade (alternative)
redde (alternative)


lah

lāh (plural and weak singular lāhe, comparative lāhere, superlative lāhest)

lāh (canonical)
lāhe (plural)
lāhe (singular weak)
lāhere (comparative)
lāhest (superlative)
laȝ (alternative)
laȝgh (alternative)
laghe (alternative)
lawe (alternative)
law (alternative)
louȝ (alternative)
lou (alternative)
loȝ (alternative)
logh (alternative)
lough (alternative)
low (alternative)
lowe (alternative)
loue (alternative)

English: low

Geordie English: law

Scots: laich

From Old Norse lágr, from Proto-Germanic *lēgaz.


desert

English: desert

From Old French desert, from Latin dēsertum, past participle of dēserō (“to abandon”).

deserte (alternative)
deseert (alternative)
desarte (alternative)
decert (alternative)
disert (alternative)
diserte (alternative)
dysserte (alternative)
dezert (alternative)
deserd (alternative)


tom

(Southwest, southern West Midlands) Alternative form of tame (“tame”)


mode

From Old English mōd, from Proto-Germanic *mōdaz.

mod (alternative)
mood (alternative)
moode (alternative)


comfortable

English: comfortable

From Old French confortable, from conforter; equivalent to comfort + -able.

IN Maẏ whan eúý harte floryſhyth́ ⁊ burgruyth́ for as the ſeaſon ys luſty to be holde and comfortable ſo man and woman reioyſyth and gladith of ſom[er] cõmynge wᵗ his freyſhe floures

1470–1483 (date produced), Thom̃s Malleorre [i.e., Thomas Malory], “[Launcelot and Guinevere]”, in Le Morte Darthur (British Library Additional Manuscript 59678), [England: s.n.], folio 449, recto:

IN May, when every heart flourisheth and burgeneth; for as the season is lusty to behold, and comfortable, so man and woman rejoice and be glad of summer coming with his fresh flowers.


sik

desctree

English: sick
→ Dutch: sick
→? Navajo: sxih

Scots: seek, seeck

Yola: zeek

From Old English sēc, variant of sēoc, from Proto-West Germanic *seuk, from Proto-Germanic *seukaz.

sike (alternative)
sick (alternative)
sicke (alternative)
sic (alternative)
sek (alternative)
seke (alternative)
seeke (alternative)
seik (alternative)
seike (alternative)
siek (alternative)
sieke (alternative)
seck (alternative)
secke (alternative)
sech (alternative)
ceke (alternative)
cec (alternative)
zik (alternative Kent)
zike (alternative Kent)
siec (alternative Kent)
seak (alternative Southern West-Midlands)
seake (alternative Southern West-Midlands)
seac (alternative Southern West-Midlands)
sæc (alternative Southern West-Midlands)
sec (alternative Early-Middle-English)
seoke (alternative Early-Middle-English)
seocke (alternative Early-Middle-English)
seocca (alternative Early-Middle-English)
seocce (alternative Early-Middle-English)

The hooly blisful martir for to seke
That hem hath holpen, whan that they were seeke.

c. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, General Prologue, lines 17–18:

The holy blessed martyr there to seek
Who helped them when they lay so ill and weak


rik

(Northern) Alternative form of riche (“rich”)


som

English: some

Scots: sum, some

Yola: zim, zum

From Old English sum, from Proto-West Germanic *sum, from Proto-Germanic *sumaz.

somme (alternative)
summe (alternative)
zome (alternative Kent)


massif

English: massive

Scots: massive (obsolete)

From Middle French massif; equivalent to mass + -if.

massiff (alternative)
massiffe (alternative)
massyf (alternative)

(Late Middle English) weighty, massy, weighing very much.

(Late Middle English, rare) massive, huge, enormous.

(Late Middle English, rare) not sharp, unsharpened, coarse.


actual

English: actual

Scots: actual

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman actuel and Late Latin āctuālis; equivalent to act + -al.

actuale (alternative)
actualle (alternative)
actuelle (alternative)


stale

English: stale

Borrowed from Old French estale (“settled, clear”), probably connected to Proto-Germanic *stāną (“to stand”).

bor+

c. 1300, K. Horn (Laud), 383

Bi forn þe king abenche Red win to schenche And after mete stale Boþe win and ale.

Notemuge to putte in ale, Whether it be moyste or stale

c. 1386, Geoffrey Chaucer, Sir Thopas, section 52:

(alcoholic beverages) clear, free of dregs and lees; old and strong


stale

From stale (“stalemate”) or stalen (“to stalemate”).


comparable

English: comparable

Borrowed from Middle French comparable, from Latin comparābilis; equivalent to comparen + -able.

Of identical or similar value; comparing favourably.

Comparable, commensurable; suitable for comparison.


luxurious

English: luxurious

From Old French luxurios, from Latin luxuriosus; equivalent to luxurie + -ous.

luxsorius (alternative)
luxorious (alternative)
luxoryows (alternative)
luxuryouse (alternative)
luxuriouse (alternative)

Lusty, lascivious; sexually transgressive.


ample

English: ample

Scots: ample

Borrowed from Middle French ample, from Old French ample, from Latin amplus.

(Late Middle English) ample, copious, profuse


bastard

English: bastard

Scots: bastart, bastert

From Anglo-Norman bastard; equivalent to bast (“illegitimacy”) + -ard.

bastarde (alternative)
basterd (alternative)
bastart (alternative)

coming not from wedlock, coming from bastardy; illegitimate

low-quality, inferior, imitation; of bad manufacture

(rare) made using or incorporating fortified wine


equal

English: equal

Scots: aiqual

Borrowed from Latin aequālis, of unknown origin. Doublet of egal.


every

Whan that Auerill wᵗ his shoures soote / The droghte of march hath ꝑced to the roote / And bathed euery veyne in swich lycour / Of which v̄tu engendred is the flour[…]

1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “Here Bygynneth the Book of the Tales of Caunt́burẏ”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 2, recto:

When that April, with its sweet showers / Has pierced March's drought to the root / And bathed every vein in fluid such that / with its power, the flower is made […]


imperial

head

imperial (plural and weak singular imperiale)

imperiale (plural)
imperiale (singular weak)
inperial (alternative)
imperyal (alternative)
inperyal (alternative)
imperyall (alternative)
imperiall (alternative)
emperiall (alternative)
empirial (alternative)

English: imperial

Scots: imperial

Borrowed from Old French imperial, emperial, from Latin imperiālis; equivalent to emperie + -al.

Imperial; related to or being of an empire or its ruler.

Befitting or appropriate for someone of imperial rank; superb.

Unsurpassed, unmatched; lacking an equal or equivalent.


sad

sad (plural and weak singular sadde, comparative saddere, superlative saddest)

sadde (plural)
sadde (singular weak)
saddere (comparative)
saddest (superlative)
saad (alternative)
sadd (alternative)
zed (alternative)
sæd (alternative Early-Middle-English)
sead (alternative Early-Middle-English)
sed (alternative Early-Middle-English)

English: sad

Scots: sad

→ Welsh: sad

From Old English sæd, from Proto-West Germanic *sad, from Proto-Germanic *sadaz, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂-.

sated, weary (having had enough) [from 9th c.]

firm, solid, hard: [from 14th c.]
steady, enduring

firm, solid, hard: [from 14th c.]
intense, powerful, severe

firm, solid, hard:
intense, powerful, severe

firm, solid, hard: [from 14th c.]
secure (inspiring trust)

firm, solid, hard:
secure (inspiring trust)

firm, solid, hard: [from 14th c.]
dense, thick, tightly-packed

firm, solid, hard:
dense, thick, tightly-packed

[…]ſadde and rype corage[…]

1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Clerke of Oxenfordes Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC, folio xlix, verso, column 2, line 4:

considered, thoughtful, serious [from 14th c.]

sad (inspiring or having sorrow) [from 14th c.]


only

English: only

Scots: anely

From Old English ānlīċ, a form of ǣnlīċ; equivalent to oon + -ly.

onli (alternative)
onlych (alternative)
onelich (alternative)
oonly (alternative)
anly (alternative Northern)
anely (alternative Northern)


hail

Alternative form of heil (“healthy, sound”)


rusty

English: rusty

Scots: roosty, rousty

Yola: roostha, roosthaa, roosta

From Old English rustiġ; equivalent to rust + -y.

rosty (alternative)
rousty (alternative)
rowsty (alternative)
ruste (alternative)
rusti (alternative)
ruysty (alternative)
rustiȝ (alternative Early-Middle-English)


middle

inflection of middel:
strong/weak plural


wonder

From Old English wundor, from Proto-West Germanic *wundr, from Proto-Germanic *wundrą.

wondir (alternative)
wondre (alternative)
wondere (alternative)
wondur (alternative)
wunder (alternative)
wundir (alternative)
wundur (alternative)
wounder (alternative)
woundir (alternative)
woundre (alternative)
woundur (alternative)
vonder (alternative)

exciting feelings of wonder; strange, extraordinary, wonderful

excellent, wonderful, very good or admirable

(usually in the phrase wonder thing) perplexing, puzzling, surprising

great in quantity, a great deal of, much


sour

English: sour

Scots: sour

sower (alternative)
soure (alternative)
sowre (alternative)


honest

‘I graunte, y-wis,’ quod he, ‘but I mot thinke

late 14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Words of the Host to the Physician and the Pardoner, The Canterbury Tales, line 327-328

‘I agree, indeed,’ said he, ‘but I must think
About some respectable thing while I drink.’

Up-on som honest thing, whyl that I drinke.’


hol

English: whole

Middle Scots: hale, hail, haill

Scots: hale, haill

Inherited from Old English hāl, from Proto-West Germanic *hail, from Proto-Germanic *hailaz.

hole (alternative)
ol (alternative)
ole (alternative)
hoal (alternative)
hoale (alternative)
hoel (alternative)
hoil (alternative)
hoille (alternative)
holle (alternative)
hoole (alternative)
wholle (alternative)
hal (alternative Northern)
hale (alternative Northern)
halle (alternative Northern)


hol

English: hole

Scots: holl, how, howe

Yola: hel

From Old English hol, from Proto-West Germanic *hol, from Proto-Germanic *hulaz (“hollow”).

hole (alternative)
holle (alternative)
halle (alternative)


reed

14th c., Chaucer, General Prologue
Boold was hir face, and fair, and reed of hewe.

Bold was her face, and fair, and red of hue.


royal

royal (plural and weak singular royalle, comparative royaller, superlative royallyst)

royalle (plural)
royalle (singular weak)
royaller (comparative)
royallyst (superlative)
roial (alternative)
roiall (alternative)
royall (alternative)
royalle (alternative)
roialle (alternative)
roall (alternative)

English: royal

Scots: royal

From Old French roial, from Latin rēgālis. Doublet of ryal.

majestic, appropriate for a king, kingly


gent

Al of a knight was fayre & gent

1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Ryme of Syr Thopas”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC:


quiver

English: quiver

From Old English *cwifer, probably related to cwic (“alive”).

quyver (alternative)
quyvere (alternative)
cwiver (alternative)


wordy

English: wordy

From Old English wordiġ; equivalent to word + -y.


les

Inherited from Old English lēas (“false, void, loose”).
Cognate with Middle High German lōs (“loose”), Old Swedish lø̄s (“loose”); a doublet of loos.

inh+

lese (alternative)
lees (alternative)
leas (alternative)
leasse (alternative)


either

From Old English ǣġþer, a contraction of ǣġhwæþer.

ayther (alternative)
æȝþer (alternative)
ethir (alternative)
eiþer (alternative)
outher (alternative)


faire

English: fair


fer

English: far

Scots: faur

Yola: var

From Old English feorr, from Proto-Germanic *ferrai.

feor (alternative)
for (alternative)
fur (alternative)
feer (alternative)
ver (alternative)
veir (alternative)
far (alternative)

Wide was hys pariſſhe, & houſes ferre a ſondre […]

a. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “General Prologue”, in The Canterbury Tales, line 493:

Wide was his parish, and houses far asunder […]


fou

Scots: faw

Inherited from Old English fāh, from Proto-West Germanic *faih, from Proto-Germanic *faihaz.
Forms without final /x/ are a result of levelling from Old English inflected forms (e.g., masculine weak nominative singular fāga).

fawe (alternative)
fay (alternative)
fogh (alternative)
fow (alternative)
fowe (alternative)
vouh (alternative)
fah (alternative Early-Middle-English)
fau (alternative Early-Middle-English)
foaȝe (alternative Early-Middle-English)
foȝ (alternative Early-Middle-English)
foh (alternative Early-Middle-English)
vaȝe (alternative Early-Middle-English)


heme

English: heme


impossible

From Old French impossible, from Latin impossibilis, from in- (“not”) + possibilis (“possible”).

inpossible (alternative)
impossybel (alternative)

Madame (ȹ he) thys were impoſſible / Then mote I dye on ſodayne death hoꝛrible

1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Frankeleyns Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC, folio lvii, recto, column 1:

"Madame," he said, "This is impossible! Then I must die a sudden and horrible death

Forsothe not inpossible was thin almyȝti hond, that made the roundnesse of erthis of mater vnseen, to senden in to them a multitude of beres, or hardi leouns, or of new kinde vnknowen bestes

c. 1382–1395, John Wycliffe [et al.], edited by Josiah Forshall and Frederic Madden, The Holy Bible, […], volume III, Oxford: At the University Press, published 1850, →OCLC, Wisdom XI:18–19, page 10472, column 1:

For thy Almighty hand, that made the world of matter without form, wanted not means to send among them a multitude of bears or fierce lions, / Or unknown wild beasts […]
[Translation from KJV, Wisdom of Solomon 11:17–18]


mad

head

mad (plural and weak singular madde, comparative madder, superlative maddyst)

madde (plural)
madde (singular weak)
madder (comparative)
maddyst (superlative)
madd (alternative)
medd (alternative)

English: mad

Scots: mad

Yola: mad

From Old English ġemǣd, ġemǣded, the past participle of ġemǣdan.

Mad, insane, deranged; not of sound mind.

Emotionally overwhelmed; consumed by mood or feelings.

Perplexed, bewildered; surprised emotionally.

Irate, rageful; having much anger or fury.

Idiotic or dumb; badly thought out or conceived

(rare) Obstinate, incautious, overenthusiastic.


adamantine

English: adamantine

From Latin adamantinus; equivalent to adamant + -ine.

adamantyne (alternative)
adamauntyn (alternative)


savage

English: savage

Scots: savage

Borrowed from Old French savage, from Late Latin salvāticus, from Latin silvāticus.

salvage (alternative)
saveage (alternative)
sauvage (alternative)
salvage (alternative)


wroth

From Old English wrāþ, from Proto-Germanic *wraiþaz (“cruel”), from Proto-Indo-European *wreyt- (“to turn”).

So that the clerkes be nat with me wroth
 I ſaye that they were maked for bothe
 This is to ſeyn, for offyce and for ease
 Of engendrure, there we nat god diſpleaſe

1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Wyfe of Bathes Prologue”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC, folio xxxvii, recto:

So that the clerks be not with me wrathful
 I say that they [genitals] were made for both
 This is to say, for duty and for ease
 Of reproduction, that we not God displease


mat

From Old French mat, a backformation from eschec mat (“checkmate”).

maat (alternative)
mate (alternative)
matt (alternative)


mat

mate (plural)
mate (singular weak)
maat (alternative)
mate (alternative)
matt (alternative)

From Old French mat (“defeated, tired”), from Late Latin mattus. Compare modern English matte.


plat

He lith down his one ere al plat / Unto the grounde and halt it faſte [...]

c. 1386–1390, John Gower, “Book I”, in Reinhold Pauli, editor, Confessio Amantis of John Gower: Edited and Collated with the Best Manuscripts, volume I, London: Bell and Daldy […], published 1857, →OCLC, page 57:

c. 1400, John Lydgate, poem, commented upon by Thomas Gray and printed in The Works of Thomas Gray, volume 5, page 305

But, crying mercy, the emperour lay plat on the ground.
(please add an English translation of this quotation)

plat: flat; level; (by extension) frank, on the level.


buxom

English: buxom, bucksome

Middle Scots: bowsum, bousum

Scots: bowsome; boosam (Orkney)

From Old English *būhsum, *bōhsum; equivalent to bowen + -som.

boȝsam (alternative)
bousome (alternative)
bowsom (alternative)
boxom (alternative)
boxum (alternative)
buhsum (alternative)
buxum (alternative)


rare

English: rare

Yola: rare


ange

From Old English ange, from Proto-West Germanic *angī, from Proto-Germanic *anguz.


violent

violent (plural and weak singular violente)

violente (plural)
violente (singular weak)
vyolent (alternative)
wyolent (alternative)
vilent (alternative)

English: violent

From Old French violent, from Latin violentus.

Severe, extreme; excessive in magnitude.

Tending to cause injuries; likely to cause violence.

Abrupt; happening without warning or notice.

(rare) Despotic, authoritarian; ruling unfairly.


tame

tam (alternative)
tom (alternative)
tome (alternative)

English: tame

Scots: tame

From Old English tam, tom, from Proto-West Germanic *tam (“tame”).

(anatomy, medicine, of a fistula) inner, interior


store

English: stoor, stour (archaic)

desc

Scots: stour, stoure, sture, stoor, stoar

From Old English stōr and Old Norse stórr, from Proto-Germanic *stōraz; some forms are also influenced by Middle Dutch stuur.

stoor (alternative)
stour (alternative)
stur (alternative)
sture (alternative)
storre (alternative)
stowre (alternative)
stoore (alternative)
stoure (alternative)


immutable

English: immutable

Borrowed from Latin immutabilis; equivalent to in- + mutable.

inmutable (alternative)
inmutabull (alternative)
inmutabulle (alternative)
ymmutable (alternative)


pere

From Old French per and Anglo-Norman peir, from Latin pār.

per (alternative)
peer (alternative)
peere (alternative)
pier (alternative)
pyer (alternative)
piere (alternative)
pyere (alternative)
pir (alternative)

The same; having no differences from something else.


deed

English: dead

Geordie English: deed

Scots: dede, deid, deed

Yola: deed

From Old English dēad, from Proto-West Germanic *daud, from Proto-Germanic *daudaz.

foꝛ as þe fadir reiſiþ deed men ⁊ quykeneþ .· ſo þe ſone quykeneþ whom he wole

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Joon 5:21, page 47r, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

Just like the father raises the dead and revives them, the son revives who he wants.

foꝛ as þe bodi wiþout þe ſpirit is deed .· ſo alſo feiþ wiþout werkis is deed

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, James 2:28, page 110r, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

Just like the body without a soul is dead, faith without works is dead as well.


material

head

material (plural and weak singular materiale)

materiale (plural)
materiale (singular weak)
materiel (alternative)
materiall (alternative)
materyal (alternative)
materyall (alternative)
matryal (alternative)

English: material

From Latin māteriālis; equivalent to matere + -al.

Extant in matter or having physical form; material.

Not supernatural or spiritual; regular, conventional, worldly.

Being the physical attributes or properties of a thing.

Affecting or modifying physical matter or attributes.


burel

English: borrel, burrel

Scots: borrell

Borrowed from Old French burel, diminutive of *bure.

borel (alternative)
borell (alternative)
burell (alternative)


wast

waste (plural)
waste (singular weak)
vaste (alternative)
waast (alternative)
waest (alternative)
waist (alternative)
waste (alternative)

English: waste

Scots: waste

Borrowed from Old Northern French wast (adjective), from Frankish *wōstī, from Proto-Germanic *wōstuz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weh₂- (“to desert”). Doublet of weste (“deserted”).


late

English: late

Geordie English: lyet

Scots: late

Yola: laate

From Old English læt, from Proto-West Germanic *lat.

laite (alternative)
latte (alternative)
lete (alternative)
leate (alternative)


passional

English: passional

From Late Latin passiōnālis; equivalent to passioun + -al.


calver

English: calver

Scots: caller

Possibly inherited from Old English calwer (“curds”), of unknown origin. The development of /lw/ to /lv/ before /r/ would be unparalleled, but there are no clear counterexamples either.

inh+

calvar (alternative)
calvur (alternative)

(rare, of salmon) Having curd-like flakes throughout.


ȝelew

Also a ȝelew vestement with ij toneclys

1431, Henry Littlehales, editor, The Medieval Records of a London City Church, page 26:


worse

English: worse

→ Cantonese: worse (Hong Kong)

Scots: warse

of unclear origin; compare Old Norse verri

From Old English wiersa, from Proto-West Germanic *wirssō, variant of *wirsiʀō, from Proto-Germanic *wirsizô. Doublet of werre (“worse”).

wars (alternative)
warse (alternative)
weers (alternative)
weorse (alternative)
werce (alternative)
wers (alternative)
werse (alternative)
wershe (alternative)
wersse (alternative)
wirse (alternative)
wors (alternative)
worsse (alternative)
wærse (alternative Early-Middle-English)
werrse (alternative Early-Middle-English)
wrse (alternative Early-Middle-English)
wurse (alternative Early-Middle-English)


glorious

head

glorious (comparative gloriousere, superlative gloriosest)

gloriousere (comparative)
gloriosest (superlative)
glorius (alternative)
gloryis (alternative)
gloryous (alternative)
gloriose (alternative)

English: glorious

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman glorius, glorios, glorieus, from Latin glōriōsus; equivalent to glory + -ous.

Recognised, acclaimed, well-known; having an excellent reputation.

Deserving religious recognition or commendation; godly.

Marvelous or wonderful to the senses: attractive, pleasing.

Amazing, great; possessing quality or a good reputation.

(rare) Vain, bragging, self-aggrandising.


sure

seurer (comparative)
sur (alternative)
seur (alternative)
seure (alternative)
sewre (alternative)
sewr (alternative)
sewere (alternative)
suer (alternative)
suere (alternative)
soure (alternative)
suir (alternative)
sere (alternative)
sore (alternative)

desctree

English: sure, sho, sho'
→ Kashubian: szur (United States)
→⇒ Irish: siúráil
→ Welsh: siwr

Scots: shuir

From Old French seür, from Latin sēcūrus. Doublet of siker.

safe, protected (not dangerous or harmful)

fortified, well-defended, protected; especially religiously


reverse

He found the sea diverse / With many a windy storm reverse.

c. 1386–1390, John Gower, edited by Reinhold Pauli, Confessio Amantis of John Gower: Edited and Collated with the Best Manuscripts, volume (please specify |volume=I, II, or III), London: Bell and Daldy […], published 1857, →OCLC:

reverse: turned upside down; greatly disturbed


usual

English: usual

Scots: usual, uswal, eeswal

usuel (alternative)
usualle (alternative)
usuale (alternative)
usuell (alternative)
usuall (alternative)


scornful

English: scornful

Scots: scornfu

scornfull (alternative)
scronful (alternative)
skornefull (alternative)
skornefulle (alternative)
skornful (alternative)


oo

ho (alternative)
o (alternative)
a (alternative Early-Middle-English Northern)


coward

English: coward

Borrowed from Old French coart; equivalent to Old French coe (“tail”) + -ard. Compare taylarde.

couard (alternative)
couward (alternative)
cowart (alternative)
cowerde (alternative)
coword (alternative)
cuward (alternative)
kowarde (alternative)


huge

English: huge

Scots: huge, hudge

Borrowed from Old French ahuge, a form of ahoge, of unknown origin.

heug (alternative)
heuge (alternative)
hoege (alternative)
hoge (alternative)
hogge (alternative)
hogh (alternative)
hoige (alternative)
houge (alternative)
hugge (alternative)


floury

English: flowery, floury

fflowre (alternative)
flourre (alternative)
flure (alternative)
flory (alternative)
floure (alternative)

Covered in flowers or representations of them; flowery.

Prosperous, thriving; experiencing wealth, fame, or success.

(cooking, rare) Blanketed in flour; floury.


aspen

English: aspen

From aspe (from Old English æspe) + -en.


bawdy

whanne he had ouertaken the damoysel / anone she sayd what dost thow here / thou stynkest al of the kechyn / thy clothes ben bawdy of the greece and talowe that thou gaynest in kyng Arthurs kechyn

1485, Sir Thomas Malory, chapter V, in Le Morte Darthur, book VII:


fay

Alternative form of fey (“marked for death”)


mere

From Old English mǣre (“famous, great, excellent”), from Proto-West Germanic *mārī, from Proto-Germanic *mērijaz, *mēraz (“excellent, famous”), from Proto-Indo-European *mēros (“large, handsome”). Cognate with Middle High German mære (“famous”), Icelandic mærr (“famous”), and German Mär, Märchen (“fairy tale”).

der

mer (alternative)
mære (alternative)
mare (alternative)
meare (alternative)


mete

English: meet

Scots: mete, meit

From Old English ġemǣte (“suitable, meet”), from Proto-Germanic *mētijaz, a variant of *mētiz. More at meet.


sage

English: sage

Scots: sage

Borrowed from Old French sage, from Vulgar Latin *sapium, from sapiō. Some forms have been altered on the basis of other words with forms in -a- and -au-.

Learned, schooled, educated; having much knowledge.


tome

tom (alternative)
toume (alternative)
tombe (alternative)
toyme (alternative Northern)
tum (alternative Northern)
tume (alternative Northern)

English: toom

Scots: tume, tuim

From Old English tōm and Old Norse tómr, both from Proto-Germanic *tōmaz (“free, clear, empty”).


tome

(Southwest, southern West Midlands) Alternative form of tame (“tame”)


wale

Borrowed from Old Norse *valu, earlier form of vǫl, variant of val, from Proto-Germanic *walą.

wal (alternative)
wall (alternative)
wayle (alternative)

(negatively) impactful, grievous, melancholy


whit

head

whit (plural and weak singular white, comparative whitter, superlative whittest)

white (plural)
white (singular weak)
whitter (comparative)
whittest (superlative)
hwit (alternative)
white (alternative)
whyte (alternative)
whitt (alternative)
whytt (alternative)
whyt (alternative)
whiȝt (alternative)
qwyght (alternative)
ȝwijt (alternative)
wyghte (alternative)
whiyt (alternative)
whijt (alternative)

English: white (see there for further descendants)

Scots: quhite, fyte, fite, whyte, white

Yola: whit

Inherited from Old English hwīt, from Proto-West Germanic *hwīt, from Proto-Germanic *hwītaz.

⁊ þe heed of him ⁊ his heeris weren whiyt as whiyt wolle .· ⁊ as ſnow / ⁊ þe iȝen of him as flawme of fier .·

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 1:14, page 117v; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

And his head and his hairs were white, like white wool or snow, and his eyes were like fire's flame.

(referring to people) wearing white clothes

(referring to plants) having white flowers

(alchemy) Inducing the transmutation of a substance into silver

(medicine) Unusually light; bearing the pallor of death


toward

English: toward

From Old English tōweard, tōwærd; equivalent to to + -ward.

towarde (alternative)
towar (alternative)
towart (alternative)
touard (alternative)
touarde (alternative)
touwar (alternative)
touward (alternative)
touwarde (alternative)
towerd (alternative)
towert (alternative)
taward (alternative)
tawarde (alternative)
tawart (alternative)
twoward (alternative)
tort (alternative)
toweard (alternative)
towearde (alternative)
towerd (alternative)
towarð (alternative)
towweard (alternative)
touwward (alternative)

of goodwill, benevolent; well-tempered, gentle.


bale

From Old English bealu, from Proto-West Germanic *balu, from Proto-Germanic *balwą.


chef

chef (plural and weak singular cheve, comparative chever, superlative chevest)

cheve (plural)
cheve (singular weak)
chever (comparative)
chevest (superlative)
cheef (alternative)
cheefe (alternative)
chefe (alternative)
chief (alternative)
chif (alternative)
chife (alternative)
chyeef (alternative)
chyff (alternative)

English: chief

Scots: chief

From Old French chief, from Latin caput.

Chief, head, top-ranking, executive; being in ultimate control.

Principal, foremost, predominant, primary; having the greatest importance.

High-quality, outstanding, notable, worthy; deserving recognition.


crisp

crispe (plural)
crispe (singular weak)
cripce (alternative)
crips (alternative)
crispe (alternative)
crysp (alternative)
cryspe (alternative)
kyrspe (alternative)

English: crisp

From Old English crisp, cirps and Old French cresp, crespe, from Latin crispus.


devout

English: devout

Scots: devot, devote, devoit

From Old French devot, devout, from Latin dēvōtus (“vowed, promised”).

devouth (alternative)
devot (alternative)
devote (alternative)
devolte (alternative)

Redy to wenden on my pilgrymage
To Caunterbury with ful devout corage,

c. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, General Prologue, lines 21–22:

Ready to go on pilgrimage and start
To Canterbury, full devout at heart,


diverse

English: diverse

Scots: diverse

From Old French divers, from Latin diversus.

divers (alternative)
dyvyrs (alternative)
dyvers (alternative)
dyverse (alternative)
dyverce (alternative)

(collectively) distinct, unique; diverse


fain

fagen (alternative)
fane (alternative)
fawe (alternative)
fawen (alternative)
fayn (alternative)
fayne (alternative)
fein (alternative)
feyn (alternative)
vain (alternative)
vawe (alternative)
vayn (alternative)

From Old English fæġen, from Proto-West Germanic *fagan (“glad”). The adverb is transferred from the adjective.

Thus Gawayne and Ector abode to gyder / For syre Ector wold not awey til Gawayne were hole / & the good knyȝt Galahad rode so long tyll he came that nyghte to the Castel of Carboneck / & hit befelle hym thus / that he was benyghted in an hermytage / Soo the good man was fayne whan he sawe he was a knyght erraunt

1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “Capitulum i”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book XVII, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:


furious

English: furious

Borrowed from Old French furieus, from Latin furiōsus; equivalent to furie + -ous.

furiose (alternative)
furous (alternative)
furyous (alternative)
furyus (alternative)


greet

ſo alſo þe tunge is but a litle membꝛe ⁊ reiſiþ grete þingis / lo hou litil fier bꝛenneþ a grete wode.

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, James 3:5, page 110vre, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

Similarly, the tongue's only a little organ, but it produces great things; look at how a small fire burns down a large forest.


hale

Alternative form of hol (“healthy, whole”)


heed

English: head

Scots: heid

From Old English hēafod-, from Proto-West Germanic *haubida- (“main”), derived from the noun *haubid (“head”).


official

official (plural and weak singular officiale)

officiale (plural)
officiale (singular weak)
officiale (alternative)
offycyal (alternative)
offyciall (alternative)
officiall (alternative)
offecialle (alternative)

English: official

Scots: offeecial

From Old French official, from Latin officiālis; equivalent to office + -al.

(of body parts) Functional; serving a purpose.

(rare) Requisite or mandatory for a task.


proud

English: proud

Scots: pruid, proud

Yola: proud

→? Middle Irish: bród

Irish: bród

Scottish Gaelic: bròd

prud (alternative)
prude (alternative)
proude (alternative)


sanguine

English: sanguine

From Old French sanguin (and feminine sanguine), from Latin sanguineus.

sanguyn (alternative)
sangweyne (alternative)
sangwen (alternative)
sangewyn (alternative)
sangwyn (alternative)
sangwyne (alternative)
sanguyne (alternative)
sangueyn (alternative)

Having a bloody-red hue; coloured in sanguine or a similar colour.

Under the influence of blood as a cardinal humour (inherently or in the current case)

Due to the influence or presence of a dangerous profusion of blood.

Made of or created from blood (as a humour); bloody.


shortly

Alternative form of schortly (adjective)


slight

English: slight

Scots: slicht

Yola: sleight

Inherited from Old English sliht, from Proto-West Germanic *sliht, from Proto-Germanic *slihtaz.

sleght (alternative)
sleȝt (alternative)
sleight (alternative)
sleiȝte (alternative)
sliȝt (alternative)
slyght (alternative)
slyȝt (alternative)

Level, even, smooth; having no bumps or lumps.

(rare) Of little importance or relevance.

(rare) Slim, narrow, skinny; of little breadth.

(rare) Badly made, poorly-built, or low-quality.


sly

sly (plural and weak singular slye, comparative slyer, superlative sliest)

slye (plural)
slye (singular weak)
slyer (comparative)
sliest (superlative)
scle (alternative)
scley (alternative)
scliȝ (alternative)
slegh (alternative)
sleȝ (alternative)
slei (alternative)
sleigh (alternative)
sleiȝ (alternative)
sleiȝh (alternative)
sley (alternative)
sleygh (alternative)
sleyh (alternative)
sligh (alternative)
sliȝ (alternative)
slih (alternative)
slygh (alternative)
slyȝ (alternative)
slyȝh (alternative)
slyh (alternative)

English: sly

Scots: slee

Borrowed from Old Norse slǿgr, from Proto-Germanic *slōgiz.

lo I ſende ȝou as ſcheep in þe myddil of wolues / þerfoꝛ be ȝe ſliȝ as ſerpentis .· and ſymple as dowues

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Matheu 10:35, page 4v, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

So I'm sending you out like sheep in amongst wolves, so be shrewd like snakes and harmless like doves.

Judicious, considered, shrewd; having or indicative of great wisdom.

Adept, expert, quality; having or indicative of great expertise.

Sly, artful, wily; employing or being an example of deception.


tart

English: tart, teart

Scots: tairt

From Old English teart, from Proto-Germanic *tartaz.

teart (alternative)
tarte (alternative)
terte (alternative)

(Early Middle English) Acute, keen; showing sharpness.


tithe

English: tithe (obsolete)

Inherited from Old English tēoþa, teogoþa, from Proto-West Germanic *tehundō, *tegundō, from Proto-Germanic *tehundô, *tegundô; equivalent to ten + -the (ordinal suffix); compare tenthe.

tethe (alternative)
teþe (alternative)
teoþe (alternative)
teouþe (alternative)
tewthe (alternative)
teythe (alternative)
teyþe (alternative)
tiþe (alternative)
tyth (alternative)
tythe (alternative)
tyþe (alternative)
teoheðe (alternative Early-Middle-English)
teoðe (alternative Early-Middle-English)
tieðe (alternative Early-Middle-English)
tigeðe (alternative Early-Middle-English)
tigðe (alternative Early-Middle-English)
tiȝeþe (alternative Early-Middle-English)


twofold

English: twofold

A remodelling of twifold after two + -fold.

to fold (alternative)
to folde (alternative)
two-fold (alternative)
two fold (alternative)
twofolde (alternative)
two-folde (alternative)
twovold (alternative)
twafald (alternative)
twavalt (alternative)


wane

wan (alternative)
wanne (alternative)
wone (alternative)
won (alternative)
vane (alternative)

English: wane

Scots: wan, wane

From Old English wana, wona (adjective) and wan, won (adjective), related to wanian (“to diminish”).


worthy

English: worthy

From worth + -y, from Old English weorþ.


cis

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of chis


desirous

English: desirous

From Old French desirrous; equivalent to desiren + -ous.


envious

envious (plural and weak singular enviouse)

enviouse (plural)
enviouse (singular weak)
envius (alternative)
enwius (alternative)
envyose (alternative)
envyous (alternative)
envyus (alternative)

English: envious

Borrowed from Middle French envieux, from Latin invidiōsus; equivalent to envie + -ous.


onerous

English: onerous

From Middle French onereux, from Old French onereus, from Latin onerosus.

honerous (alternative)
onerose (alternative)
onerouse (alternative)


douce

English: douce

Scots: douce

Borrowed from Old French dous, dolz, douce, from Latin dulcem.

bor+

douse (alternative)
dowce (alternative)
dowse (alternative)


rebel

Borrowed from Old French rebelle, from Latin rebellis.

rabell (alternative)
rebell (alternative)
rebelle (alternative)
reble (alternative)
rebul (alternative)
rebyll (alternative)

Treasonous, rebelling; leading an insurrection.

Sinful, iniquitous; defying the commands of a divine authority.

Disobedient, undutiful; refusing to follow directives or laws, or rules.

(rare) Refractory, set in one's ways or opinions.

(rare) Impatient, overly hurried or quick.


lovely

English: lovely

Scots: luely

Inherited from Old English luflīċ; equivalent to loven (“to love”) + -ly (adjectival suffix).

af

lofly (alternative)
loveli (alternative)
lovelich (alternative)
loveliche (alternative)
lovelie (alternative)
lovelyche (alternative)
lovly (alternative)
lufely (alternative)
luffly (alternative)
lufli (alternative)
lufly (alternative)
luflych (alternative)
luflich (alternative Early-Middle-English)
luvelich (alternative Early-Middle-English)

Friendly, affectionate, loving (providing love)

Many a lovely loke on them he cast.

1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Myllers Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC:

Lustful, passionate; romantically or sexually charged.


brotherly

English: brotherly

From Old English brōþorlīċ, from Proto-Germanic *brōþurlīkaz; equivalent to brother + -ly (adjectival suffix). The adverb was derived from the adjective in the Middle English period from brother + -ly (adverbial suffix).

brothyrly (alternative)
brothirly (alternative)


sore

head

sore (plural and weak singular sore, comparative sorer, sorrer, superlative sorest)

sore (plural)
sore (singular weak)
sorer (comparative)
sorrer (comparative)
sorest (superlative)
sar (alternative)
sor (alternative)
sær (alternative)
sære (alternative)
soor (alternative)
soore (alternative)
sarre (alternative)

English: sore

Scots: sair, sare

From Old English sār, from Proto-Germanic *sairą (noun), *sairaz (adjective).

Senses associated with pain:
Harmful; creating or producing pain.

Sore, hurting, injured; currently in pain or wounded or affected by it.

Capable of inducing or creating pain or wounds; rending or dire.

Harmful; creating or producing anguish, sadness or torment.

Upset, distressed; currently in agony or anguish or affected by it.

Challenging, complicated, laborious; requiring a large expenditure of one's energies:

Challenging to deal with on the battlefield; violent, intense, mighty.

Challenging to deal with; inducing great anguish.

(Used with words relating to pain, soreness, or anguish) Very, strongly, bad, grievously.

Used with words relating to pain; soreness; or anguish; Used with words relating to pain; soreness; or anguish

Malicious, iniquitous, malign; not morally or spiritually in the right.


noble

English: noble

From Old French noble, from Latin nōbilis.


perilous

perilous (plural and weak singular perilouse, superlative perilousest)

perilouse (plural)
perilouse (singular weak)
perilousest (superlative)
perillous (alternative)
perelous (alternative)
perlious (alternative)
pereilous (alternative)
perlous (alternative)
perylous (alternative)
perylus (alternative)
periluse (alternative)

English: perilous, parlous

Scots: perilous (obsolete)

From Old French perilleus, from Latin perīculōsus; equivalent to peril + -ous.

Full of danger or peril; dangerous, harmful, periculous:

Fatal, mortal; potentially resulting in death.

Scary, frightening; inducing horror and psychological damage.

(Late Middle English) Religiously harmful or hurtful

(Late Middle English) Unfortunate; experiencing bad luck.


organic

English: organic

Borrowed from Old French organique, borrowed itself from Latin organicus. Equivalent to organe + -ik.

organice (alternative)
organik (alternative)
organys (alternative)
organise (alternative)

Resembling or functioning like an organ; composed of distinct divisions.

(rare) Positioned around the neck or nape (used of veins)


sturdy

English: sturdy

Yola: sturdy

stordy (alternative)
stourdy (alternative)

bold, valiant; strong in fight, mighty; bellicose


ille

ille (plural and weak singular ille, comparative worse, superlative worst)

ille (plural)
ille (singular weak)
worse (comparative)
worst (superlative)
ill (alternative)
il (alternative)

English: ill

Scots: ill

Yola: ill

From Old Norse illr, from Proto-Germanic *ilhilaz.


squamous

English: squamous

From Latin squāmōsus; equivalent to squame + -ous.

squamos (alternative)
squamose (alternative)
sqaumouse (alternative)
swamous (alternative)

(Late Middle English) scaly (especially due to disease)


cathedral

English: cathedral

Borrowed from Old French cathedral, from Latin cathedrālis.

cathederall (alternative)
cathedrall (alternative)
cathedralle (alternative)
cathiderall (alternative)
chathedral (alternative)
chathydralle (alternative)

cathedral (relating to the see of a bishop)


stable

stable (comparative stabler or stablere or stablour)

stabler (comparative)
stablere (comparative)
stablour (comparative)
stabel (alternative)
stabele (alternative)
stabil (alternative)
stabul (alternative)

English: stable

Scots: stable

From Anglo-Norman stable, stabel, from Latin stabilis (“firm, steadfast”).


alle

And with alle these men I was ofte homli and I comownede with hem long tyme and fele, and so bifore alle othir men I chees wilfulli to be enformed bi hem and of hem, and speciali of Wiclef himsilf, as of the moost vertuous and goodlich wise man that I herde of owhere either knew.

1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41:

And with all these men I was often familiar and I communed with them a long and profitable time, and so before all other men I chose willfully to be informed by them and of them, and especially of Wycliffe himself, as of the most virtuous and godly wise man that I heard of anywhere or knew.


hal

Geordie English: hyel

Scots: hale

(Northern) Alternative form of hol (“healthy, whole”)


este

From Old English ēst, from Proto-West Germanic *ansti, from Proto-Germanic *anstiz.


gul

⇒ Scots: golgrav

Borrowed from Old Norse gulr, from Proto-Germanic *gulaz.

gull (alternative)
gulle (alternative)
gule (alternative)
goule (alternative)
goole (alternative)


golden

English: golden

Scots: gowden

From gilden, reformed by analogy with gold.

goldene (alternative)
goldyn (alternative)
goldin (alternative)
goldun (alternative)
goldyng (alternative)
goldein (alternative)
gowuldyn (alternative)
colden (alternative)
coldin (alternative)

(figurative) Of excellent quality or worth; precious, best.


wight

wight (comparative wighter, superlative wightest)

wighter (comparative)
wightest (superlative)
wihte (alternative)
wict (alternative)
wiȝht (alternative)
wyȝte (alternative)
wyght (alternative)
whyȝt (alternative)
wyȝt (alternative)
white (alternative)
vight (alternative)
wiȝhte (alternative)
weight (alternative)
vit (alternative)

English: wight (obsolete or dialectal)

From Old Norse vígt. See vígr (“ready to fight”).


demure

English: demure

Scots: demure

demewre (alternative)
demeur (alternative)
demuer (alternative)
demur (alternative)
demwre (alternative)
dimuir (alternative)


lovable

English: lovable, loveable

loveable (alternative)
lufabul (alternative Northern)
luff-able (alternative Northern)
luffeabill (alternative Northern)


lovable

Middle Scots: loveabill

loveable (alternative)
lovabille (alternative)
lovabil (alternative Northern)
lovabile (alternative Northern)


loveable

Alternative form of lovable (“praiseworthy”)


mid

English: mid

med (alternative)
medde (alternative)
midde (alternative)
mide (alternative)
mit (alternative)

that is or are in the middle or intermediate in time


mature

English: mature

From Middle French mature and its etymon Latin mātūrus.


eyed

English: eyed

iȝed (alternative)
yhed (alternative)
eiȝede (alternative)
y-yȝed (alternative)
eied (alternative)


fallacious

English: fallacious

And I shall not assoylle oonly oon of thy sophymes / but as many as thou canst thynke / and wole well that thou knowe that yf by force of thy sophymes and fallacious argumentes thou make me Innocent / I shall doo vnto the lyke as thou woldest do to me / and yf hit happe that thy scyence may not ouercome me / yet woll I well that thou defende the with armes. and that thou kepe thy lyf as well as thou canst {etc}::. Wyth these wordes the monstre maad vnto hercules seuen sofymes oon after an other so fallacio{us} and fo subtyll / that whan hercules had gyuen solucion to oon / the monstre replyed by seuen argumentes / Allway hercules that was full of philosophie and expert in all scyence. Answerd so solempnly to all his fallacious argumentes that he surmoũted hym

[1473 or 1474], The Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye, Composed and Drawen out of Dyuerce Bookes of Latyn in to Frensshe, [Bruges]: [William Caxton and, probably, Colard Mansion]:


obedient

Borrowed from Old French obedient, from Latin oboediēns, present active participle of oboediō (“obey”).

obediand (alternative)
obediant (alternative)
obedyent (alternative)
obidient (alternative)


horrible

English: horrible

Borrowed from Old French horrible, orrible, orible, from Latin horribilis.


fury

(South West Midlands) Alternative form of fyry


fully

Inherited from Old English fullīċe; equivalent to ful (“full”) + -ly (adverbial suffix).

follich (alternative)
folliche (alternative)
fulleche (alternative)
fulleliche (alternative)
fullely (alternative)
fulli (alternative)
fullich (alternative)
fulliche (alternative)
fullych (alternative)
fullyche (alternative)
fullike (alternative Ormulum)
volliche (alternative Kent Southern)


oblivious

English: oblivious

oblyvyous (alternative)
oblivyows (alternative)


gracious

gracious (plural and weak singular graciouse, comparative graciouser, superlative graciousest)

graciouse (plural)
graciouse (singular weak)
graciouser (comparative)
graciousest (superlative)
gracyous (alternative)
gracyows (alternative)
gracyouse (alternative)
gracius (alternative)
gracieux (alternative)
gratious (alternative)
gratius (alternative)

English: gracious

Scots: gracious

Yola: graacuse, graashoos

Borrowed from Old French gracious, from Latin grātiōsus. Equivalent to grace + -ous.

forgiving, relenting (used mainly positively)

a. 1450, The Creation and the Fall of Lucifer in The York Plays, as recorded c. 1463–1477 in British Museum MS. Additional 35290

I am gracious and great, God without beginning, / I am the unmade maker—all might is in me, / I am life and the way to the attainment of salvation, / I am foremost and first—as I command, it shall be.

I am gracyus and grete, god withoutyn begynnyng, / I am maker vnmade, all mighte es in me, / I am lyfe and way vnto welth-wynnyng, / I am formaste and fyrste, als I byd sall it be.

godly, Christian, involving the graciousness of God


gal

From Old English gāl (“lustful, wanton”), from Proto-West Germanic *gail, from Proto-Germanic *gailaz.

naƿt ane euch fleſchlich hondlunge: ah ȝetten euch gal ƿoꝛd: iſ ladlich vilainie[…]

c. 1225, “Oðer dale: fif ƿittes”, in Ancrene Ƿiſſe (MS. Corpus Christi 402), Herefordshire, published c. 1235, folio 15, verso; republished at Cambridge: Parker Library on the Web, 2018 January 27:

Not just each amorous caress, but even each lustful word is revolting depravity […]

Sweche pinen he þolien schal þat her wes of his fles ful gal And wolde louien his fleses wil.

Gripes freteþ hoere mawen And hoere inward everuidel, Ne be þe þarof no so gal, Eft hoe werpeþ al in al.


dishonest

Alternative form of dishoneste (“disgraceful”)


dishonesty

Alternative form of dishoneste (“disgrace”)


nervous

English: nervous

Borrowed from Latin nervōsus; equivalent to nerve + -ous.

Composed of or incorporating nerves or tendons.

(uncommon) Pertaining to nerves or tendons.


muchel

Inherited from Old English myċel, miċel, from Proto-West Germanic *mikil, from Proto-Germanic *mikilaz.

michel (alternative nonstandard)
mickle (alternative nonstandard)
mikel (alternative nonstandard)
mochel (alternative nonstandard)
mochell (alternative nonstandard)
mukel (alternative nonstandard)
muche (alternative)

Ei, ei! What this nicht is long / And ich with wel michel wrong / Soregh and murne and fast.

c. 1200, Mirie it is while sumer y-last:


bas

English: base, bass

Scots: base

Borrowed from Old French bas, from Late Latin bassus.

baas (alternative)
bace (alternative)
base (alternative)
bass (alternative)
basse (alternative)

Low, short; lacking in height or altitude.

Positioned or placed low; lower than surrounding places.

Poor, unlucky, common; of low rank or wealth.


ferme

ferme (plural)
ferme (singular weak)
ferm (alternative)

English: firm (remodelled after Latin)

→ Cantonese: firm

Scots: firm (remodelled after Latin)

From Old French ferm, ferme, from Latin firmus, from Proto-Italic *fermos.

steady, enduring (of people, agreements, etc.)


arable

English: arable

Borrowed from Middle French arable, from Old French arable, borrowed from Latin arābilis. Equivalent to Middle French arer + -able.

areable (alternative)
arrable (alternative)


graceful

English: graceful

Scots: gracefu

(rare, Late Middle English) Giving grace; grace-inducing.

(rare, Late Middle English) nice, kindly


cloudy

English: cloudy

Scots: cluddy, cloody

From Old English clūdiġ; equivalent to cloud + -y.

cloudi (alternative)
clowdy (alternative)
clowdie (alternative)
cludiȝ (alternative Early-Middle-English)

Covered with or characterised by clouds; clouded.

Not transparent or clear; murky, gloomy.

(rare) Inspiring dread; scary, frightening.


outward

English: outward

Scots: outward

From Old English ūtweard; equivalent to out + -ward.

owtward (alternative)
outwarde (alternative)
owtwarde (alternative)
owȝtwarde (alternative)
outeward (alternative)
utward (alternative)
utteward (alternative)

In somewhere outside a given place or thing (especially of a country).


wo

Wo was the knight and sorroufully he syketh.

1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Wyfe of Bathes Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC:


lang

(Early Middle English or Northern) Alternative form of long


fraudulent

English: fraudulent

From Middle French fraudulent, itself borrowed from Latin fraudulentus.

fraudelent (alternative)
ffraudulent (alternative)

Necrotic, rotting; infected with or afflicted with gangrene.


vicious

vicious (plural and weak singular viciouse)

viciouse (plural)
viciouse (singular weak)
viciows (alternative)
vicius (alternative)
vycious (alternative)
vycyus (alternative)
vicyous (alternative)
vecyous (alternative)
vysyous (alternative)
vycios (alternative)
vycyous (alternative)
vicyows (alternative)

English: vicious

Scots: veecious

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman vicious, from Latin vitiōsus; equivalent to vice + -ous.

Iniquitous, sinful, wicked (often in a way that causes harm or vice to/in others)

(rare) Lacking purity or cleanness; spoiled or defiled.

(rare) Inaccurate, modified, or debased; of substandard quality.

(rare) Injurious, dangerous; causing serious harm.


animate

English: animate

Scots: ainimate

Borrowed from Latin animātus, past participle of animō.

Animate, alive; showing the signs or symptoms of life.

Related to the soul or spirit of a living being (i.e. sentience or sapience).


dumb

dumbe (plural)
dumbe (singular weak)
domb (alternative)
doumb (alternative)
dowmb (alternative)
dom (alternative)
domm (alternative)
dum (alternative)
doum (alternative)
dowm (alternative)
domp (alternative)
doump (alternative)

English: dumb

Scots: dumb

Lacking or failing to display the faculty of voice:

Unspeaking; unable to speak or having muteness.

(substantive) A mute; one who can't speak.

Temporarily unable to speak due to strong emotions.

Unwilling or reluctant to speak; not speaking.

Powerless, ineffectual (either inherently or due to events)

Unknowledgeable; having no understanding or sense.

(of animals) Unwilling or unable to make a noise; quiet or silent.

(rare) Unrevealing, useless; having no important messages or lessons.

(rare) Having nothing to keep one busy or engaged.

(rare, figurative) Refusing to preach or evangelise.

(rare, figurative) Refusing to be conceited or vainglorious.


petit

From Middle French petit, from Old French petit. See Modern English petit, above. Attested from at least the 13th century, with use in names earlier.

petyt (alternative)
petyte (alternative)
peter (alternative)

Item I petit brase morter, I pesteƚƚ de ferro.

1454, Church of England, Province of Canterbury, Fifty earliest English wills in the Court of Probate, London, published 1964, “Thomas Bathe, of Bristol, 1420”:

Item: one small brass mortar, with one pestle of iron.


elles

From Old English elles, from Proto-West Germanic *alljas.

alles (alternative)
ells (alternative)
ills (alternative)
elle (alternative)


sooty

English: sooty

Scots: suitie, sitty, sittie

soti (alternative)
soty (alternative)
soyty (alternative)
sotye (alternative)


doughty

doughty (comparative doughtiere, superlative doughtiest)

doughtiere (comparative)
doughtiest (superlative)
dogheti (alternative)
doghte (alternative)
doghti (alternative)
doghuti (alternative)
doȝti (alternative)
doȝty (alternative)
dohty (alternative)
dohuthi (alternative)
dohuti (alternative)
douchti (alternative)
dougheti (alternative)
doughety (alternative)
douȝcti (alternative)
douȝthi (alternative)
douȝti (alternative)
douȝty (alternative)
douhte (alternative)
douhti (alternative)
douhty (alternative)
dousti (alternative)
douthi (alternative)
douti (alternative)
dowghty (alternative)
dowȝti (alternative)
dowȝty (alternative)
dowsty (alternative)
dowty (alternative)
duchti (alternative)
dughti (alternative)
duȝte (alternative)
duȝti (alternative)
duȝty (alternative)
duhtie (alternative)
duthi (alternative)
dohti (alternative Early-Middle-English)
duhhtiȝ (alternative Early-Middle-English)
duhti (alternative Early-Middle-English)
duhtiȝ (alternative Early-Middle-English)

English: doughty

Scots: douchty, douchtie

From Old English dohtiġ, dyhtiġ, from Proto-West Germanic *duhtīg, *dohtag.
Forms with /u/ (/uː/ through lengthening before /xt/) are likely due to the analogy of douen (early /ˈduɣən/).

Brave, fearless, doughty; demonstrating valiance.

Amazing, fine; of high quality or worth.


riche

riche (plural and weak singular riche, comparative richere, superlative richest)

riche (plural)
riche (singular weak)
richere (comparative)
richest (superlative)
rech (alternative)
reche (alternative)
rich (alternative)
ruche (alternative)
rych (alternative)
ryche (alternative)
reke (alternative Northern)
rik (alternative Northern)
rike (alternative Northern)
rice (alternative Early-Middle-English)

English: rich

Scots: rich

Yola: reeche

From Old English rīċe (“mighty, rich”), from Proto-West Germanic *rīkī, from Proto-Germanic *rīkijaz (“powerful, rich”), from *rīks, an early borrowing from Proto-Celtic *rīxs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs.

inh

Rich, wealthy (possessing wealth):
Fertile, bounteous; providing wealth.

Rich, wealthy (possessing wealth):
Expensive, precious; of high value.

Fine, marvellous; high-quality:
Ornate, splendid; highly detailed.

Fine, marvellous; high-quality:
Efficacious, useful, powerful.

Fine, marvellous; high-quality:
(rare) Finely-attired.

Fine, marvellous; high-quality:
Finely-attired.

Profuse, lavish (in an attribute or quality):

ſe an ƿæſ ᵹehaten petruſ · he ƿæſ munec of clunni ·⁊ ƿeaſ boren of þa ricceſte men of rome · mid him helden ða of rome ·⁊ ſe duc of ſicilie ·

p. 1154, “AD 1129”, in Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (MS. Laud Misc. 636, continuation), Peterborough, folio 87, verso; republished at Oxford: Digital Bodleian, 2018 February 8:

One was called Peter; he was a monk from Cluny who was descended from Rome's most powerful men. The people of Rome and the duke of Sicily sided with him.

Potent, powerful (of a ruler or official)

Belonging to the nobility; high-ranking.

Intense; loud (in sound), deep (in colour)

Renowned, respectable; having a good reputation.


amorous

English: amorous

Scots: amorous

Borrowed from Old French amoros, from Vulgar Latin *amōrōsus; equivalent to amour + -ous.

amerous (alternative)
amerouse (alternative)
amerowse (alternative)
amerus (alternative)
amirous (alternative)
amoros (alternative)
amorows (alternative)
amourous (alternative)

Amorous, loving (inclined to love or sex)

Amorous, loving (indicating or related to love or lust)

Amorous, enamoured; in love or lovestruck.

(rare, by extension) Passionate, caring, kind.


patent

English: patent (adjective)

From Middle French patent, from Old French, from Latin patēns.


enamoured

English: enamoured, enamored

Scots: enamoured

Partial calque of Old French enamore, past participle of enamorer; equivalent to (and sometimes influenced by) en- + amour + -ed.

an-amered (alternative)
anameryd (alternative)
anamored (alternative)
an-amored (alternative)
a-namourd (alternative)
an-amourd (alternative)
anamourde (alternative)
enamerid (alternative)
enamured (alternative)
enamurt (alternative)

(rare) Motivated by love (to do something)


inward

ynwardest (superlative)
inwart (alternative)
ynward (alternative)
inworde (alternative)
inwarde (alternative)
ynvarde (alternative)
inword (alternative)
inewarde (alternative)

English: inward

Scots: inward

From Old English inweard; equivalent to in + -ward.

inside, inward, in the interior; the following special senses exist:


favourable

English: favourable, favorable

Borrowed from Old French favorable, from Latin favorabilis; equivalent to favour + -able.

faverable (alternative)
favorabele (alternative)
favorabil (alternative)
favorable (alternative)
ffaverable (alternative)
ffavorable (alternative)


swart

head

swart (plural and weak singular swarte, comparative swarter)

swarte (plural)
swarte (singular weak)
swarter (comparative)
sweorte (alternative)
swearte (alternative)
sweart (alternative)
swærte (alternative)
swarte (alternative)
suart (alternative)
suarte (alternative)
swert (alternative)
swerte (alternative)

English: swart, swarth

Scots: swart

From Old English sweart, from Proto-West Germanic *swart, from Proto-Germanic *swartaz; compare Middle Dutch swart, Middle Low German swart, Middle High German swarz.

Black-skinned, swarthy; having dark skin.

Black; swart.
(rare) Bruised, heavily wounded.


culvert

From Old French colvert, from Late Latin collībertus.

colwarde (alternative)
culvard (alternative)
culvart (alternative)
kilvarde (alternative)


livid

English: livid

Middle French livide, from Latin līvidus.


lege

English: liege

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman lige, liege; further etymology is disputed.

leege (alternative)
legge (alternative)
legi (alternative)
leyge (alternative)
liage (alternative)
liege (alternative)
lyege (alternative)
lyge (alternative)

Able to command obedience from one's inferiors.

Pledged to obey one's superiors; subject to duty by an authority.

(rare) Otherwise bound by feudal obligations.


claret

English: claret

Old French claret, from Medieval Latin claratum (vinum).

clerat (alternative)
clerote (alternative)
cleret (alternative)

(referring to wine) pink, pink-purple, light


citrine

English: citrine

From Middle French citrine and Medieval Latin citrīnus.

citryn (alternative)
sitrine (alternative)
citherin (alternative)
citryne (alternative)
cytryne (alternative)
citrin (alternative)


hose

inflection of hos (“hoarse”):
weak singular

inflection of hos (“hoarse”):
strong/weak plural


Englisch

English: English

Scots: Inglis

Inherited from Old English Englisc; equivalent to Engle + -isch.

englis (alternative)
Englysshe (alternative)
Englyssh (alternative)
Englysch (alternative)
Englysche (alternative)
Englissh (alternative)
English (alternative)
Inglisch (alternative)
Engliss (alternative)
Anglisch (alternative)
Ænglisce (alternative)
Ennꟑlissh (alternative Ormulum)


mo

From Old English mā, from Proto-Germanic *maiz, from a comparative form of Proto-Indo-European *meh₂-.

additional, further, other (persons or things in addition to those mentioned)


collegiate

English: collegiate

From Medieval Latin collēgiātus; equivalent to college + -at.

colegyat (alternative)
collegiat (alternative)

(of a church) Ruled by a grouping of clergy; collegial.

(rare) Collected; formed into a grouping or assembly.


dette

From Old French dete, from Latin dēbita, from the plural of dēbitum.

dett (alternative)
det (alternative)
debte (alternative)
deatte (alternative)
debt (alternative)

Having a debt or monetary obligation or having people owe debt towards you.

Appropriate, fitting, seemly; meshing with societal standards.

Required, needful, necessary; not optional.

Fitting, fair or deserving; according to justice.


inde

From Old French Inde (“India”), from Latin India, from Ancient Greek Ἰνδῐ́ᾱ (Indĭ́ā).

ynde (alternative)
ind (alternative)
hinde (alternative)
hynde (alternative)
hind (alternative)
hende (alternative)


vinous

English: vinous, vinose

vinose (alternative)
vynose (alternative)


argh

English: argh (dialectal)

Scots: argh, ergh, erfe, erf

Inherited from Old English earg, from Proto-West Germanic *arg, from Proto-Germanic *argaz. eri is a dialectal variant of the same word.

arewe (alternative)
arg (alternative)
arghe (alternative)
arwe (alternative)
areȝ (alternative Early-Middle-English)
arȝ (alternative Early-Middle-English)
arȝe (alternative Early-Middle-English)
arowȝe (alternative Early-Middle-English)
earh (alternative Early-Middle-English)

base, wretched, lowly; worthy of contempt or ostracism.

slothful, unwilling, tired; lacking in energy or motivation.


fey

English: fey, fay

Scots: fey

Inherited from Old English fǣġe, from Proto-West Germanic *faigī, from Proto-Germanic *faigijaz.

feye (alternative)
fay (alternative)
faie (alternative)
veie (alternative)
veye (alternative)
faye (alternative)
fei (alternative)
vey (alternative)
fæie (alternative Early-Middle-English)
væie (alternative Early-Middle-English)
fæy (alternative Early-Middle-English)
feiȝe (alternative Early-Middle-English)
vaiȝe (alternative Early-Middle-English)
feaye (alternative Early-Middle-English)

Marked, fated for, or destined for death; doomed.

Approaching or near one's deathbed; about to pass away.

(rare) Tending to cause or leading to death; dangerous.

(rare) Having bad luck; frowned upon by fate or fortune.


mutable

English: mutable

Borrowed from Old French mutable, from Latin mutabilis.


bestial

English: bestial

From Old French bestial, from Late Latin bēstiālis.

beestial (alternative)
beestyal (alternative)
bestiall (alternative)
bestialle (alternative)
bestyal (alternative)
bestyall (alternative)

physical; non-spiritual (of faculties, knowledge, etc.)

beastly, depraved (lacking human sensibility)