See worm in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "worm"
},
"expansion": "English: worm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: worm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "worm",
"3": "wirm"
},
"expansion": "Scots: worm, wirm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: worm, wirm"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wyrm"
},
"expansion": "Old English wyrm",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wurmi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wurmi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wurmiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wurmiz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wr̥mis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wr̥mis",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English wyrm, from Proto-West Germanic *wurmi, from Proto-Germanic *wurmiz, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥mis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wormes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wormen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "werm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wirm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wurm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wyrm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wyrme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wrim",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "worme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "worm",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "wormes",
"pl2": "wormen"
},
"expansion": "worm (plural wormes or wormen)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "glouworm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wormwode"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 17 17 2 3 1 2 7 3 3 7 4 11 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 18 7 8 1 1 8 1 1 5 2 10 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Animals",
"orig": "enm:Animals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 18 1 3 1 2 6 2 2 7 2 13 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 17 2 2 2 9 7 2 2 6 3 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "enm:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 11 6 7 3 6 9 9 9 8 4 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Worms",
"orig": "enm:Worms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A worm or similar small wormlike animal that lives in the ground; especially in the following special senses:",
"A wormish insect that damages plants or plant-based material (e.g. a termite)."
],
"id": "en-worm-enm-noun-ZUtoAnMU",
"links": [
[
"worm",
"worm#English"
],
[
"insect",
"insect"
],
[
"termite",
"termite#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 17 17 2 3 1 2 7 3 3 7 4 11 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 18 7 8 1 1 8 1 1 5 2 10 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Animals",
"orig": "enm:Animals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 18 1 3 1 2 6 2 2 7 2 13 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 17 2 2 2 9 7 2 2 6 3 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "enm:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 11 6 7 3 6 9 9 9 8 4 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Worms",
"orig": "enm:Worms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A worm or similar small wormlike animal that lives in the ground; especially in the following special senses:",
"A wormish insect that damages human remains."
],
"id": "en-worm-enm-noun-WlAKRosw",
"links": [
[
"worm",
"worm#English"
],
[
"insect",
"insect"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 17 17 2 3 1 2 7 3 3 7 4 11 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 18 7 8 1 1 8 1 1 5 2 10 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Animals",
"orig": "enm:Animals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 18 1 3 1 2 6 2 2 7 2 13 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 17 2 2 2 9 7 2 2 6 3 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "enm:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 11 6 7 3 6 9 9 9 8 4 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Worms",
"orig": "enm:Worms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A worm or similar small wormlike animal that lives in the ground; especially in the following special senses:",
"A parasitic worm; especially one living in the stomach."
],
"id": "en-worm-enm-noun-o00Ff~tu",
"links": [
[
"worm",
"worm#English"
],
[
"stomach",
"stomach"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A crawling animal; an animal that moves upon the ground."
],
"id": "en-worm-enm-noun-WXwlQxch",
"links": [
[
"crawling",
"crawling"
],
[
"ground",
"ground"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An animal regarded as harmful and annoying."
],
"id": "en-worm-enm-noun-Hc9UtO74",
"links": [
[
"harmful",
"harmful"
],
[
"annoying",
"annoying"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A snake or snake-like monster."
],
"id": "en-worm-enm-noun-kbUeafNt",
"links": [
[
"snake",
"snake"
],
[
"like",
"like"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A dragon, drake, or wyrm (mythological fire-breathing winged lizard)"
],
"id": "en-worm-enm-noun-zc2q2B~H",
"links": [
[
"dragon",
"dragon"
],
[
"drake",
"drake"
],
[
"wyrm",
"wyrm"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A beast that inhabits Hell; causing suffering to its inhabitants."
],
"id": "en-worm-enm-noun-oLAgBcE9",
"links": [
[
"beast",
"beast"
],
[
"Hell",
"Hell"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "People",
"orig": "enm:People",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A pauper, miser, or other contemptuous individual."
],
"id": "en-worm-enm-noun-98ngmlrp",
"links": [
[
"pauper",
"pauper"
],
[
"miser",
"miser"
],
[
"contemptuous",
"contemptuous"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"regret, forgiveness; the twanging of the heartstrings."
],
"id": "en-worm-enm-noun-wLtZWLqp",
"links": [
[
"regret",
"regret"
],
[
"forgiveness",
"forgiveness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"evil, malice; that which promotes maliciousness."
],
"id": "en-worm-enm-noun-lGBWl~Nn",
"links": [
[
"evil",
"evil"
],
[
"malice",
"malice"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Bible",
"orig": "enm:Bible",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The snake of Eden."
],
"id": "en-worm-enm-noun-hqYDjr1x",
"links": [
[
"biblical",
"Bible"
],
[
"snake",
"snake"
],
[
"Eden",
"Eden"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biblical) The snake of Eden."
],
"topics": [
"biblical",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "enm:Christianity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 17 2 3 1 2 7 3 3 7 4 11 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 18 1 3 1 2 6 2 2 7 2 13 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 17 2 2 2 9 7 2 2 6 3 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "enm:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Satan, the Devil."
],
"id": "en-worm-enm-noun-rU3HGMCO",
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"Satan",
"Satan"
],
[
"Devil",
"Devil"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity, rare) Satan, the Devil."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A muscle underneath the tongue of a dog seen as increasing the risk of rabies."
],
"id": "en-worm-enm-noun-nnHkGKlA",
"links": [
[
"rabies",
"rabies"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(veterinary, rare) A muscle underneath the tongue of a dog seen as increasing the risk of rabies."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"medicine",
"natural-sciences",
"pathology",
"sciences",
"veterinary",
"zoology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwurm/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɛrm/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwirm/"
}
],
"word": "worm"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Animals",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Mythological creatures",
"enm:People",
"enm:Worms"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "worm"
},
"expansion": "English: worm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: worm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "worm",
"3": "wirm"
},
"expansion": "Scots: worm, wirm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: worm, wirm"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wyrm"
},
"expansion": "Old English wyrm",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wurmi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wurmi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wurmiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wurmiz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wr̥mis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wr̥mis",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English wyrm, from Proto-West Germanic *wurmi, from Proto-Germanic *wurmiz, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥mis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wormes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wormen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "werm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wirm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wurm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wyrm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wyrme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wrim",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "worme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "worm",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "wormes",
"pl2": "wormen"
},
"expansion": "worm (plural wormes or wormen)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "glouworm"
},
{
"word": "wormwode"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A worm or similar small wormlike animal that lives in the ground; especially in the following special senses:",
"A wormish insect that damages plants or plant-based material (e.g. a termite)."
],
"links": [
[
"worm",
"worm#English"
],
[
"insect",
"insect"
],
[
"termite",
"termite#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A worm or similar small wormlike animal that lives in the ground; especially in the following special senses:",
"A wormish insect that damages human remains."
],
"links": [
[
"worm",
"worm#English"
],
[
"insect",
"insect"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A worm or similar small wormlike animal that lives in the ground; especially in the following special senses:",
"A parasitic worm; especially one living in the stomach."
],
"links": [
[
"worm",
"worm#English"
],
[
"stomach",
"stomach"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A crawling animal; an animal that moves upon the ground."
],
"links": [
[
"crawling",
"crawling"
],
[
"ground",
"ground"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An animal regarded as harmful and annoying."
],
"links": [
[
"harmful",
"harmful"
],
[
"annoying",
"annoying"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A snake or snake-like monster."
],
"links": [
[
"snake",
"snake"
],
[
"like",
"like"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A dragon, drake, or wyrm (mythological fire-breathing winged lizard)"
],
"links": [
[
"dragon",
"dragon"
],
[
"drake",
"drake"
],
[
"wyrm",
"wyrm"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A beast that inhabits Hell; causing suffering to its inhabitants."
],
"links": [
[
"beast",
"beast"
],
[
"Hell",
"Hell"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A pauper, miser, or other contemptuous individual."
],
"links": [
[
"pauper",
"pauper"
],
[
"miser",
"miser"
],
[
"contemptuous",
"contemptuous"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"regret, forgiveness; the twanging of the heartstrings."
],
"links": [
[
"regret",
"regret"
],
[
"forgiveness",
"forgiveness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"evil, malice; that which promotes maliciousness."
],
"links": [
[
"evil",
"evil"
],
[
"malice",
"malice"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Bible"
],
"glosses": [
"The snake of Eden."
],
"links": [
[
"biblical",
"Bible"
],
[
"snake",
"snake"
],
[
"Eden",
"Eden"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biblical) The snake of Eden."
],
"topics": [
"biblical",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses",
"enm:Christianity"
],
"glosses": [
"Satan, the Devil."
],
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"Satan",
"Satan"
],
[
"Devil",
"Devil"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity, rare) Satan, the Devil."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A muscle underneath the tongue of a dog seen as increasing the risk of rabies."
],
"links": [
[
"rabies",
"rabies"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(veterinary, rare) A muscle underneath the tongue of a dog seen as increasing the risk of rabies."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"medicine",
"natural-sciences",
"pathology",
"sciences",
"veterinary",
"zoology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwurm/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɛrm/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwirm/"
}
],
"word": "worm"
}
Download raw JSONL data for worm meaning in Middle English (5.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.