See mankynde in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "mankind"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "mankind"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "mankynd"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "mankind"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "mankind"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "mankind"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "mankynde"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "man",
"3": "kynde",
"id1": "man",
"id2": "nature",
"t1": "man, human",
"t2": "nature, kind"
},
"expansion": "man (“man, human”) + kynde (“nature, kind”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From man (“man, human”) + kynde (“nature, kind”), possibly as an alteration of mankyn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "man-kende",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "mankende",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "mankinde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "man kynde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "mankynd",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "men-kynde",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "monkende",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "man-kend",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Norfolk"
]
},
{
"form": "man-kinde",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Norfolk"
]
},
{
"form": "mankindde",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Norfolk"
]
},
{
"form": "mankind",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "man-kind",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "mans kind",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "mankunde",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"form": "monkinde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "monkunde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "monkuynde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "monkynd",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "monkynde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "mankynde",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "mankynde (uncountable)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 34 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "enm:Collectives",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Humankind, humanity; the human race."
],
"id": "en-mankynde-enm-noun-Tp9RsBXD",
"links": [
[
"Humankind",
"humankind"
],
[
"humanity",
"humanity"
],
[
"human",
"human"
],
[
"race",
"race"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mankyn"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 47 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 52 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 44 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 67 11",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Human",
"orig": "enm:Human",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Human nature or form."
],
"id": "en-mankynde-enm-noun-t7Kid2uT",
"links": [
[
"Human",
"human"
],
[
"nature",
"nature"
],
[
"form",
"form"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mankyn"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 7 91",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Male",
"orig": "enm:Male",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Men; the male gender or sex."
],
"id": "en-mankynde-enm-noun-YEqfwcB2",
"links": [
[
"Men",
"men"
],
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"gender",
"gender"
],
[
"sex",
"sex"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Men; the male gender or sex."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌmanˈkiːnd(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmanˌkiːnd(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌmanˈkeːnd(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmanˌkeːnd(ə)/",
"note": "East Anglia, East Saxon, Kent"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌmɔnˈkyːnd(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɔnˌkyːnd(ə)/",
"note": "West Midland"
}
],
"word": "mankynde"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English compound terms",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Collectives",
"enm:Human",
"enm:Male"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "mankind"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "mankind"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "mankynd"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "mankind"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "mankind"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "mankind"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "mankynde"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "man",
"3": "kynde",
"id1": "man",
"id2": "nature",
"t1": "man, human",
"t2": "nature, kind"
},
"expansion": "man (“man, human”) + kynde (“nature, kind”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From man (“man, human”) + kynde (“nature, kind”), possibly as an alteration of mankyn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "man-kende",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "mankende",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "mankinde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "man kynde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "mankynd",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "men-kynde",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "monkende",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "man-kend",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Norfolk"
]
},
{
"form": "man-kinde",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Norfolk"
]
},
{
"form": "mankindde",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Norfolk"
]
},
{
"form": "mankind",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "man-kind",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "mans kind",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "mankunde",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"form": "monkinde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "monkunde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "monkuynde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "monkynd",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "monkynde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "mankynde",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "mankynde (uncountable)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Humankind, humanity; the human race."
],
"links": [
[
"Humankind",
"humankind"
],
[
"humanity",
"humanity"
],
[
"human",
"human"
],
[
"race",
"race"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mankyn"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Human nature or form."
],
"links": [
[
"Human",
"human"
],
[
"nature",
"nature"
],
[
"form",
"form"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mankyn"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Men; the male gender or sex."
],
"links": [
[
"Men",
"men"
],
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"gender",
"gender"
],
[
"sex",
"sex"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Men; the male gender or sex."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌmanˈkiːnd(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmanˌkiːnd(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌmanˈkeːnd(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmanˌkeːnd(ə)/",
"note": "East Anglia, East Saxon, Kent"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌmɔnˈkyːnd(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɔnˌkyːnd(ə)/",
"note": "West Midland"
}
],
"word": "mankynde"
}
Download raw JSONL data for mankynde meaning in Middle English (3.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-11-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-11-01 using wiktextract (22806f4 and a050b89). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.