See lore in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "larðewe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "larew"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "larspel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "loresman"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lorfadyr"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lorþein"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lore"
},
"expansion": "English: lore\n→ Russian: лор (lor)\n→ Ukrainian: лор (lor)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "English: lore\n→ Russian: лор (lor)\n→ Ukrainian: лор (lor)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "lare",
"3": "lair"
},
"expansion": "Scots: lare, lair",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: lare, lair"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "knowledge"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lār"
},
"expansion": "Old English lār",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*laiʀu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *laiʀu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*laizō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laizō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English lār, from Proto-West Germanic *laiʀu, from Proto-Germanic *laizō\nThe final vowel is generalised from the Old English oblique cases, while forms with /ɛː/ are influenced by leren (“to teach”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lores",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lar",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lare",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "layre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lere",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leyre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "loore",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lære",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "leore",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "loare",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "lore",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lore (plural lores)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 7 5 5 10 5 12 12 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Education",
"orig": "enm:Education",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 0 19 19 19 20 2 0 0 2 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "War",
"orig": "enm:War",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Education or teaching; the provision of knowledge."
],
"id": "en-lore-enm-noun-zabgQmmU",
"links": [
[
"Education",
"education"
],
[
"teaching",
"teaching"
],
[
"provision",
"provision"
],
[
"knowledge",
"knowledge"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Studying or learning; the absorption of knowledge."
],
"id": "en-lore-enm-noun-6UYjBsrP",
"links": [
[
"Studying",
"studying"
],
[
"learning",
"learning"
],
[
"absorption",
"absorption"
],
[
"knowledge",
"knowledge"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 4 11 11 11 11 8 8 2 6 12 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 0 91 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "enm:Religion",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 0 19 19 19 20 2 0 0 2 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "War",
"orig": "enm:War",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Knowledge or information, especially:",
"Doctrine; a tenet or the tenets of a religion or science."
],
"id": "en-lore-enm-noun-YMqhuSR6",
"links": [
[
"Knowledge",
"knowledge"
],
[
"information",
"information"
],
[
"Doctrine",
"doctrine"
],
[
"tenet",
"tenet"
],
[
"science",
"science"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 4 11 11 11 11 8 8 2 6 12 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 5 9 12 15 2 9 9 2 5 14 9",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Sciences",
"orig": "enm:Sciences",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 0 19 19 19 20 2 0 0 2 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "War",
"orig": "enm:War",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Knowledge or information, especially:",
"A topic or field of research; a discipline."
],
"id": "en-lore-enm-noun-OmXvCCZ5",
"links": [
[
"Knowledge",
"knowledge"
],
[
"information",
"information"
],
[
"topic",
"topic"
],
[
"field",
"field"
],
[
"research",
"research"
],
[
"discipline",
"discipline"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 4 11 11 11 11 8 8 2 6 12 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 5 9 12 15 2 9 9 2 5 14 9",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Sciences",
"orig": "enm:Sciences",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 0 19 19 19 20 2 0 0 2 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "War",
"orig": "enm:War",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Knowledge or information, especially:",
"Competence or proficiency; one's skill in a discipline."
],
"id": "en-lore-enm-noun-85Bmsh6~",
"links": [
[
"Knowledge",
"knowledge"
],
[
"information",
"information"
],
[
"Competence",
"competence"
],
[
"proficiency",
"proficiency"
],
[
"discipline",
"discipline"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Knowledge or information, especially:",
"(rare) Competence or proficiency; one's skill in a discipline."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 4 11 11 11 11 8 8 2 6 12 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 0 19 19 19 20 2 0 0 2 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "War",
"orig": "enm:War",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
27,
32
],
[
145,
149
],
[
249,
253
]
],
"ref": "1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41:",
"text": "And thei sauouriden so his loore that thei wroten it bisili and enforsiden hem to rulen hem theraftir… …taughten and wroten bisili this forseide lore of Wiclef, and conformeden hem therto… And herfore of Wicleef speciali and of these men I toke the lore whiche I haue taughte and purpose to lyue aftir, if God wole, to my lyues ende.”",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Knowledge or information, especially"
],
"id": "en-lore-enm-noun-yvUOKbBQ",
"links": [
[
"Knowledge",
"knowledge"
],
[
"information",
"information"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Knowledge or information, especially:"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A directive, instruction, or set of them:",
"An admonition or exhortation; a fervent plea."
],
"id": "en-lore-enm-noun-il9VGH1L",
"links": [
[
"directive",
"directive"
],
[
"instruction",
"instruction"
],
[
"admonition",
"admonition"
],
[
"exhortation",
"exhortation"
],
[
"plea",
"plea"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A directive, instruction, or set of them:",
"A conduct or conducts; guidance."
],
"id": "en-lore-enm-noun-zIpWRLsr",
"links": [
[
"directive",
"directive"
],
[
"instruction",
"instruction"
],
[
"conduct",
"conduct"
],
[
"guidance",
"guidance"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Significance, value, or importance."
],
"id": "en-lore-enm-noun-6tPZJe3U",
"links": [
[
"Significance",
"significance"
],
[
"value",
"value"
],
[
"importance",
"importance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Significance, value, or importance."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A tale or narrative."
],
"id": "en-lore-enm-noun-0DsS58JX",
"links": [
[
"tale",
"tale"
],
[
"narrative",
"narrative"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A tale or narrative."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɔːr(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛːr(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɑːr(ə)/",
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛːr(ə)/",
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/laːr/",
"tags": [
"Northern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lɛːr/",
"tags": [
"Northern"
]
}
],
"word": "lore"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "loss"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lor"
},
"expansion": "Old English lor",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English lor.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "lore",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 4 11 11 11 11 8 8 2 6 12 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 5 9 12 15 2 9 9 2 5 14 9",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Sciences",
"orig": "enm:Sciences",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Loss; the act of losing something, especially soldiers in battle."
],
"id": "en-lore-enm-noun-enm:loss",
"links": [
[
"Loss",
"loss"
],
[
"battle",
"battle"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:loss"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Ruin, destruction, or injury."
],
"id": "en-lore-enm-noun-4x3n8XoU",
"links": [
[
"Ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"destruction",
"destruction"
],
[
"injury",
"injury"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɔːr(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "lore"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Education",
"enm:Religion",
"enm:Sciences",
"enm:War"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "larðewe"
},
{
"word": "larew"
},
{
"word": "larspel"
},
{
"word": "loresman"
},
{
"word": "lorfadyr"
},
{
"word": "lorþein"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lore"
},
"expansion": "English: lore\n→ Russian: лор (lor)\n→ Ukrainian: лор (lor)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "English: lore\n→ Russian: лор (lor)\n→ Ukrainian: лор (lor)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "lare",
"3": "lair"
},
"expansion": "Scots: lare, lair",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: lare, lair"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "knowledge"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lār"
},
"expansion": "Old English lār",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*laiʀu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *laiʀu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*laizō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laizō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English lār, from Proto-West Germanic *laiʀu, from Proto-Germanic *laizō\nThe final vowel is generalised from the Old English oblique cases, while forms with /ɛː/ are influenced by leren (“to teach”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lores",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lar",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lare",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "layre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lere",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leyre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "loore",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lære",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "leore",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "loare",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "lore",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lore (plural lores)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Education or teaching; the provision of knowledge."
],
"links": [
[
"Education",
"education"
],
[
"teaching",
"teaching"
],
[
"provision",
"provision"
],
[
"knowledge",
"knowledge"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Studying or learning; the absorption of knowledge."
],
"links": [
[
"Studying",
"studying"
],
[
"learning",
"learning"
],
[
"absorption",
"absorption"
],
[
"knowledge",
"knowledge"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"Knowledge or information, especially:",
"Doctrine; a tenet or the tenets of a religion or science."
],
"links": [
[
"Knowledge",
"knowledge"
],
[
"information",
"information"
],
[
"Doctrine",
"doctrine"
],
[
"tenet",
"tenet"
],
[
"science",
"science"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"Knowledge or information, especially:",
"A topic or field of research; a discipline."
],
"links": [
[
"Knowledge",
"knowledge"
],
[
"information",
"information"
],
[
"topic",
"topic"
],
[
"field",
"field"
],
[
"research",
"research"
],
[
"discipline",
"discipline"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Middle English terms with rare senses",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations"
],
"glosses": [
"Knowledge or information, especially:",
"Competence or proficiency; one's skill in a discipline."
],
"links": [
[
"Knowledge",
"knowledge"
],
[
"information",
"information"
],
[
"Competence",
"competence"
],
[
"proficiency",
"proficiency"
],
[
"discipline",
"discipline"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Knowledge or information, especially:",
"(rare) Competence or proficiency; one's skill in a discipline."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
27,
32
],
[
145,
149
],
[
249,
253
]
],
"ref": "1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41:",
"text": "And thei sauouriden so his loore that thei wroten it bisili and enforsiden hem to rulen hem theraftir… …taughten and wroten bisili this forseide lore of Wiclef, and conformeden hem therto… And herfore of Wicleef speciali and of these men I toke the lore whiche I haue taughte and purpose to lyue aftir, if God wole, to my lyues ende.”",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Knowledge or information, especially"
],
"links": [
[
"Knowledge",
"knowledge"
],
[
"information",
"information"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Knowledge or information, especially:"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A directive, instruction, or set of them:",
"An admonition or exhortation; a fervent plea."
],
"links": [
[
"directive",
"directive"
],
[
"instruction",
"instruction"
],
[
"admonition",
"admonition"
],
[
"exhortation",
"exhortation"
],
[
"plea",
"plea"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A directive, instruction, or set of them:",
"A conduct or conducts; guidance."
],
"links": [
[
"directive",
"directive"
],
[
"instruction",
"instruction"
],
[
"conduct",
"conduct"
],
[
"guidance",
"guidance"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Significance, value, or importance."
],
"links": [
[
"Significance",
"significance"
],
[
"value",
"value"
],
[
"importance",
"importance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Significance, value, or importance."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A tale or narrative."
],
"links": [
[
"tale",
"tale"
],
[
"narrative",
"narrative"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A tale or narrative."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɔːr(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛːr(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɑːr(ə)/",
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛːr(ə)/",
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/laːr/",
"tags": [
"Northern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lɛːr/",
"tags": [
"Northern"
]
}
],
"word": "lore"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Education",
"enm:Religion",
"enm:Sciences",
"enm:War"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "loss"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lor"
},
"expansion": "Old English lor",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English lor.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "lore",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Loss; the act of losing something, especially soldiers in battle."
],
"links": [
[
"Loss",
"loss"
],
[
"battle",
"battle"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:loss"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Ruin, destruction, or injury."
],
"links": [
[
"Ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"destruction",
"destruction"
],
[
"injury",
"injury"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɔːr(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "lore"
}
Download raw JSONL data for lore meaning in Middle English (7.5kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''Knowledge or information, espe'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"lore"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "lore",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (3dadd05 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.