"houghen" meaning in Middle English

See houghen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈhuːxən/
Etymology: From hough (“hock, hough, promontory”) + -en (infinitival suffix). Etymology templates: {{suffix|enm|hough|-en|id2=infinitival|pos2=infinitival suffix|t1=hock, hough, promontory}} hough (“hock, hough, promontory”) + -en (infinitival suffix) Head templates: {{head|enm|verb|head=}} houghen, {{enm-verb|stem=hough}} houghen (third-person singular simple present hougheth, present participle houghende, houghynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle houghed) Inflection templates: {{enm-conj-wk|hough}} Forms: hougheth [present, singular, third-person], houghende [participle, present], houghynge [participle, present], houghed [first-person, indicative, participle, past, singular, third-person], no-table-tags [table-tags], houghen [infinitive], to houghen [infinitive], houghe [infinitive], houghe [first-person, present, singular], houghed [first-person, past, singular], houghest [present, second-person, singular], houghedest [past, second-person, singular], hougheth [present, singular, third-person], houghed [past, singular, third-person], houghe [present, singular, subjunctive], houghed [past, singular, subjunctive], houghe [imperative, present, singular], - [imperative, past, singular], houghen [plural, present], houghe [plural, present], hougheden [past, plural], houghede [past, plural], hougheth [imperative, plural, present], houghe [imperative, plural, present], - [imperative, past, plural], houghynge [participle, present], houghende [participle, present], houghed [participle, past], yhoughed [participle, past], howghyn [alternative], howhyn [alternative], howwhyn [alternative]
  1. (Late Middle English, rare) To hough or hamstring; to cut the hamstring of. Tags: Late-Middle-English, rare
    Sense id: en-houghen-enm-verb--~Nyjf9c Categories (other): Late Middle English, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival), Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "hough"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "raw_tags": [
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "word": "houghany"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "hough",
        "3": "-en",
        "id2": "infinitival",
        "pos2": "infinitival suffix",
        "t1": "hock, hough, promontory"
      },
      "expansion": "hough (“hock, hough, promontory”) + -en (infinitival suffix)",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From hough (“hock, hough, promontory”) + -en (infinitival suffix).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hougheth",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghende",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghynge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghed",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to houghen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hougheth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hougheden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hougheth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yhoughed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "howghyn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "howhyn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "howwhyn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "houghen",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "stem": "hough"
      },
      "expansion": "houghen (third-person singular simple present hougheth, present participle houghende, houghynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle houghed)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hough"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Late Middle English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To hough or hamstring; to cut the hamstring of."
      ],
      "id": "en-houghen-enm-verb--~Nyjf9c",
      "links": [
        [
          "hough",
          "hough"
        ],
        [
          "hamstring",
          "hamstring"
        ],
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Late Middle English, rare) To hough or hamstring; to cut the hamstring of."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Late-Middle-English",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhuːxən/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "houghen"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "hough"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "raw_tags": [
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "word": "houghany"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "hough",
        "3": "-en",
        "id2": "infinitival",
        "pos2": "infinitival suffix",
        "t1": "hock, hough, promontory"
      },
      "expansion": "hough (“hock, hough, promontory”) + -en (infinitival suffix)",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From hough (“hock, hough, promontory”) + -en (infinitival suffix).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hougheth",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghende",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghynge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghed",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to houghen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hougheth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hougheden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hougheth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "houghed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yhoughed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "howghyn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "howhyn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "howwhyn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "houghen",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "stem": "hough"
      },
      "expansion": "houghen (third-person singular simple present hougheth, present participle houghende, houghynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle houghed)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hough"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Late Middle English",
        "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Middle English lemmas",
        "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
        "Middle English terms with rare senses",
        "Middle English verbs",
        "Middle English weak verbs",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To hough or hamstring; to cut the hamstring of."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hough",
          "hough"
        ],
        [
          "hamstring",
          "hamstring"
        ],
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Late Middle English, rare) To hough or hamstring; to cut the hamstring of."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Late-Middle-English",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhuːxən/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "houghen"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (ddb1505 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.