See governour in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "governor"
},
"expansion": "English: governor",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "English: governor (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "governour"
},
"expansion": "Scots: governour",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: governour"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "governere"
},
"expansion": "Yola: governere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: governere"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "gouvreneur"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old French gouvreneur",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "gubernātor"
},
"expansion": "Latin gubernātor",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "governen",
"3": "-our"
},
"expansion": "governen + -our",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French gouvreneur, governeor, from Latin gubernātor; equivalent to governen + -our.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gouvernours",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "governor",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "governoure",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "governowre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "governur",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "governour",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gouvernours"
},
"expansion": "governour (plural gouvernours)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An administrator or leader; one who heads and/or manages a group of people.",
"A ruler; one who rules (either supreme or deputy)."
],
"id": "en-governour-enm-noun-QNmdd0u8",
"links": [
[
"administrator",
"administrator"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
],
[
"ruler",
"ruler"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 41 0 0 0 32 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Government",
"orig": "enm:Government",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An administrator or leader; one who heads and/or manages a group of people.",
"An executive or director; one who is in charge of an institution."
],
"id": "en-governour-enm-noun-ZOQyDcoO",
"links": [
[
"administrator",
"administrator"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
],
[
"executive",
"executive"
],
[
"director",
"director"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 33 50 0 0 18 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "enm:Military",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An administrator or leader; one who heads and/or manages a group of people.",
"A general; one who leads a military force on the battlefield."
],
"id": "en-governour-enm-noun-ZtjZxoQD",
"links": [
[
"administrator",
"administrator"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
],
[
"general",
"general"
],
[
"battlefield",
"battlefield"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 5 5 5 10 5 10 5 2 8 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 8 12 8 20 4 2 7 21",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Heads of state",
"orig": "enm:Heads of state",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An administrator or leader; one who heads and/or manages a group of people.",
"One who manages, leads, or supervises a household or mansion."
],
"id": "en-governour-enm-noun-nG3YiQ2~",
"links": [
[
"administrator",
"administrator"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
],
[
"manages",
"manages"
],
[
"leads",
"leads"
],
[
"supervises",
"supervises"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
103,
109
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
98,
108
]
],
"english": "Because for us, striving isn't [just] against flesh and blood, but against princes and potentates, the rulers of these darknesses' world, and the sources of spiritual wickedness in heavenly places.",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Epheſianes 6:12, page 77r, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": "foꝛwhi ftryuynge is not to us aȝenes fleiſch ⁊ blood .· but aȝenes þe pꝛincis ⁊ poteſtatis aȝenes gouernours of þe woꝛld of þeſe derkneſſis / aȝens ſpiritual þingis of wickidneſſe, in heuenli thingis",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An administrator or leader; one who heads and/or manages a group of people."
],
"id": "en-governour-enm-noun-zKawW-GV",
"links": [
[
"administrator",
"administrator"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 5 5 5 10 5 10 5 2 8 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 8 12 8 20 4 2 7 21",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Heads of state",
"orig": "enm:Heads of state",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 13 9 21 4 2 5 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Leaders",
"orig": "enm:Leaders",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 3 3 46 0 40 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "enm:Religion",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Someone who protects, safeguards, or acts as a guardian (used of God or people)."
],
"id": "en-governour-enm-noun-cgXEUr7L"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 14 14 14 14 0 28 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "enm:Nautical",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A helmsman; a person who guides or directs a seafaring vessel."
],
"id": "en-governour-enm-noun-nb235sOT",
"links": [
[
"helmsman",
"helmsman"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 3 3 46 0 40 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "enm:Religion",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"God as the judger of fate and decider of destiny."
],
"id": "en-governour-enm-noun-Tdr6tnKG",
"links": [
[
"judger",
"judger"
],
[
"decider",
"decider"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) God as the judger of fate and decider of destiny."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"One who restrains oneself from base urges."
],
"id": "en-governour-enm-noun-SsHn7pU0",
"links": [
[
"restrains",
"restrains"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) One who restrains oneself from base urges."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Physiology",
"orig": "enm:Physiology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 8 8 8 10 8 10 7 5 9 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 7 7 7 11 7 10 6 5 9 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -our",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 5 5 5 10 5 10 5 2 8 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 8 12 8 20 4 2 7 21",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Heads of state",
"orig": "enm:Heads of state",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A body part which controls other body parts."
],
"id": "en-governour-enm-noun-~xf14Zld",
"links": [
[
"physiology",
"physiology"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(physiology, rare) A body part which controls other body parts."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"physiology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡuvərˈnuːr/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡuvərnur/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡuvərnər/"
}
],
"word": "governour"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -our",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Government",
"enm:Heads of state",
"enm:Leaders",
"enm:Military",
"enm:Nautical",
"enm:Religion"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "governor"
},
"expansion": "English: governor",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "English: governor (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "governour"
},
"expansion": "Scots: governour",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: governour"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "governere"
},
"expansion": "Yola: governere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: governere"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "gouvreneur"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old French gouvreneur",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "gubernātor"
},
"expansion": "Latin gubernātor",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "governen",
"3": "-our"
},
"expansion": "governen + -our",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French gouvreneur, governeor, from Latin gubernātor; equivalent to governen + -our.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gouvernours",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "governor",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "governoure",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "governowre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "governur",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "governour",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gouvernours"
},
"expansion": "governour (plural gouvernours)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An administrator or leader; one who heads and/or manages a group of people.",
"A ruler; one who rules (either supreme or deputy)."
],
"links": [
[
"administrator",
"administrator"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
],
[
"ruler",
"ruler"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An administrator or leader; one who heads and/or manages a group of people.",
"An executive or director; one who is in charge of an institution."
],
"links": [
[
"administrator",
"administrator"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
],
[
"executive",
"executive"
],
[
"director",
"director"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An administrator or leader; one who heads and/or manages a group of people.",
"A general; one who leads a military force on the battlefield."
],
"links": [
[
"administrator",
"administrator"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
],
[
"general",
"general"
],
[
"battlefield",
"battlefield"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An administrator or leader; one who heads and/or manages a group of people.",
"One who manages, leads, or supervises a household or mansion."
],
"links": [
[
"administrator",
"administrator"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
],
[
"manages",
"manages"
],
[
"leads",
"leads"
],
[
"supervises",
"supervises"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
103,
109
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
98,
108
]
],
"english": "Because for us, striving isn't [just] against flesh and blood, but against princes and potentates, the rulers of these darknesses' world, and the sources of spiritual wickedness in heavenly places.",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Epheſianes 6:12, page 77r, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": "foꝛwhi ftryuynge is not to us aȝenes fleiſch ⁊ blood .· but aȝenes þe pꝛincis ⁊ poteſtatis aȝenes gouernours of þe woꝛld of þeſe derkneſſis / aȝens ſpiritual þingis of wickidneſſe, in heuenli thingis",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An administrator or leader; one who heads and/or manages a group of people."
],
"links": [
[
"administrator",
"administrator"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Someone who protects, safeguards, or acts as a guardian (used of God or people)."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A helmsman; a person who guides or directs a seafaring vessel."
],
"links": [
[
"helmsman",
"helmsman"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"God as the judger of fate and decider of destiny."
],
"links": [
[
"judger",
"judger"
],
[
"decider",
"decider"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) God as the judger of fate and decider of destiny."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"One who restrains oneself from base urges."
],
"links": [
[
"restrains",
"restrains"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) One who restrains oneself from base urges."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses",
"enm:Physiology"
],
"glosses": [
"A body part which controls other body parts."
],
"links": [
[
"physiology",
"physiology"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(physiology, rare) A body part which controls other body parts."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"physiology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡuvərˈnuːr/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡuvərnur/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡuvərnər/"
}
],
"word": "governour"
}
Download raw JSONL data for governour meaning in Middle English (5.3kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''An administrator or leader; on'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"governour"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "governour",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (8b3c49c and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.