"gal" meaning in Middle English

See gal in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

Etymology: From Old English gāl (“lustful, wanton”), from Proto-West Germanic *gail, from Proto-Germanic *gailaz. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|gāl|t=lustful, wanton}} Old English gāl (“lustful, wanton”), {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*gail}} Proto-West Germanic *gail, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*gailaz}} Proto-Germanic *gailaz Head templates: {{head|enm|adjective||{{{1}}}||{{{2}}}||{{{3}}}|head=}} gal, {{enm-adj}} gal, {{tlb|enm|Early ME}} (Early Middle English)
  1. lascivious, lustful Tags: Early-Middle-English
    Sense id: en-gal-enm-adj-8RtJO5pY
  2. overly fond of Tags: Early-Middle-English
    Sense id: en-gal-enm-adj-9GCZT7uA Categories (other): Early Middle English, Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Early Middle English: 0 100 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 5 95
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: gol Derived forms: galich, gollich (english: lustful, lascivious), galnesse, golnesse (english: lustfulness, lasciviousness)
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "galich"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "lustful, lascivious",
      "word": "gollich"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "galnesse"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "lustfulness, lasciviousness",
      "word": "golnesse"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "gāl",
        "t": "lustful, wanton"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English gāl (“lustful, wanton”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*gail"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gail",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*gailaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gailaz",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English gāl (“lustful, wanton”), from Proto-West Germanic *gail, from Proto-Germanic *gailaz.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{1}}}",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{3}}}",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "gal",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "gal",
      "name": "enm-adj"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "Early ME"
      },
      "expansion": "(Early Middle English)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Not just each amorous caress, but even each lustful word is revolting depravity […]",
          "ref": "c. 1225, “Oðer dale: fif ƿittes”, in Ancrene Ƿiſſe (MS. Corpus Christi 402), Herefordshire, published c. 1235, folio 15, verso; republished at Cambridge: Parker Library on the Web, 2018 January 13:",
          "text": "naƿt ane euch fleſchlich hondlunge: ah ȝetten euch gal ƿoꝛd: iſ ladlich vilainie[…]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "Eleven Pains of Hell, 1300",
          "text": "Sweche pinen he þolien schal þat her wes of his fles ful gal And wolde louien his fleses wil."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "lascivious, lustful"
      ],
      "id": "en-gal-enm-adj-8RtJO5pY",
      "links": [
        [
          "lascivious",
          "lascivious"
        ],
        [
          "lustful",
          "lustful"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Early Middle English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 95",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Eleven Pains of Hell, 1300",
          "text": "Gripes freteþ hoere mawen And hoere inward everuidel, Ne be þe þarof no so gal, Eft hoe werpeþ al in al."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "overly fond of"
      ],
      "id": "en-gal-enm-adj-9GCZT7uA",
      "tags": [
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gol"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gal"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Early Middle English",
    "Middle English adjectives",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 32 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "galich"
    },
    {
      "english": "lustful, lascivious",
      "word": "gollich"
    },
    {
      "word": "galnesse"
    },
    {
      "english": "lustfulness, lasciviousness",
      "word": "golnesse"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "gāl",
        "t": "lustful, wanton"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English gāl (“lustful, wanton”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*gail"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gail",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*gailaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gailaz",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English gāl (“lustful, wanton”), from Proto-West Germanic *gail, from Proto-Germanic *gailaz.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{1}}}",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{3}}}",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "gal",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "gal",
      "name": "enm-adj"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "Early ME"
      },
      "expansion": "(Early Middle English)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Not just each amorous caress, but even each lustful word is revolting depravity […]",
          "ref": "c. 1225, “Oðer dale: fif ƿittes”, in Ancrene Ƿiſſe (MS. Corpus Christi 402), Herefordshire, published c. 1235, folio 15, verso; republished at Cambridge: Parker Library on the Web, 2018 January 13:",
          "text": "naƿt ane euch fleſchlich hondlunge: ah ȝetten euch gal ƿoꝛd: iſ ladlich vilainie[…]",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "Eleven Pains of Hell, 1300",
          "text": "Sweche pinen he þolien schal þat her wes of his fles ful gal And wolde louien his fleses wil."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "lascivious, lustful"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lascivious",
          "lascivious"
        ],
        [
          "lustful",
          "lustful"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Eleven Pains of Hell, 1300",
          "text": "Gripes freteþ hoere mawen And hoere inward everuidel, Ne be þe þarof no so gal, Eft hoe werpeþ al in al."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "overly fond of"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "gol"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gal"
}

Download raw JSONL data for gal meaning in Middle English (2.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.