See frere in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "friar"
},
"expansion": "English: friar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: friar"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "freer",
"qq": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "Scots: freer (archaic)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: freer (archaic)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "frere"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old French frere",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "frater"
},
"expansion": "Latin frater",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰréh₂tēr"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "brother"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of brother",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French frere, from Latin frater, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr. Doublet of brother.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "freres",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "freren",
"tags": [
"plural",
"rare"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "frere",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "freres",
"pl2": "freren",
"pl2_qual": "rare"
},
"expansion": "frere (plural freres or (rare) freren)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 32 5 33",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "enm:Male people",
"parents": [
"Male",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A male associate or companion"
],
"id": "en-frere-enm-noun-ykIsHZyX",
"links": [
[
"associate",
"associate"
],
[
"companion",
"companion"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 32 5 33",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "enm:Male people",
"parents": [
"Male",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 40 39 20",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Monasticism",
"orig": "enm:Monasticism",
"parents": [
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Just like bees swarm from a hive / Out of the devil's arse there were driven / Twenty thousand friars on a rout / And throughout Hell they swarmed all about […]",
"ref": "1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “The Somnours Tale”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 79, recto:",
"text": "Right ſo as bees / out swarmen from an hyue / Out of the deueles ers / ther gonne dryue / Twenty thouſand freres / on a route / And thurgh oute helle / swarmeden aboute […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"friar (male member of a mendicant order)"
],
"id": "en-frere-enm-noun-xVxL6FQk",
"links": [
[
"friar",
"friar"
],
[
"mendicant",
"mendicant#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 37 49 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 36 52 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 39 54 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 33 44 21",
"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "enm:Christianity",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 40 39 20",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Monasticism",
"orig": "enm:Monasticism",
"parents": [
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"friary (religious institute for friars)"
],
"id": "en-frere-enm-noun-pwBeUWx1",
"links": [
[
"friary",
"friary"
],
[
"friar",
"friar#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 32 5 33",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "enm:Male people",
"parents": [
"Male",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 40 39 20",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Monasticism",
"orig": "enm:Monasticism",
"parents": [
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"monk (male member of a monastic order)"
],
"id": "en-frere-enm-noun-vkOefjfe",
"links": [
[
"monk",
"monk"
],
[
"monastic",
"monastic#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) monk (male member of a monastic order)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfreːr(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfriːr(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ffrere"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ffreere"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ffryr"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ffryre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "freere"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "frer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "frir"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fryere"
}
],
"word": "frere"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English doublets",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Christianity",
"enm:Male people",
"enm:Monasticism"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "friar"
},
"expansion": "English: friar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: friar"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "freer",
"qq": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "Scots: freer (archaic)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: freer (archaic)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "frere"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old French frere",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "frater"
},
"expansion": "Latin frater",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰréh₂tēr"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "brother"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of brother",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French frere, from Latin frater, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr. Doublet of brother.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "freres",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "freren",
"tags": [
"plural",
"rare"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
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},
"expansion": "frere",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "freres",
"pl2": "freren",
"pl2_qual": "rare"
},
"expansion": "frere (plural freres or (rare) freren)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A male associate or companion"
],
"links": [
[
"associate",
"associate"
],
[
"companion",
"companion"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Just like bees swarm from a hive / Out of the devil's arse there were driven / Twenty thousand friars on a rout / And throughout Hell they swarmed all about […]",
"ref": "1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “The Somnours Tale”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 79, recto:",
"text": "Right ſo as bees / out swarmen from an hyue / Out of the deueles ers / ther gonne dryue / Twenty thouſand freres / on a route / And thurgh oute helle / swarmeden aboute […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"friar (male member of a mendicant order)"
],
"links": [
[
"friar",
"friar"
],
[
"mendicant",
"mendicant#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"friary (religious institute for friars)"
],
"links": [
[
"friary",
"friary"
],
[
"friar",
"friar#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"monk (male member of a monastic order)"
],
"links": [
[
"monk",
"monk"
],
[
"monastic",
"monastic#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) monk (male member of a monastic order)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfreːr(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfriːr(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ffrere"
},
{
"word": "ffreere"
},
{
"word": "ffryr"
},
{
"word": "ffryre"
},
{
"word": "freere"
},
{
"word": "frer"
},
{
"word": "frir"
},
{
"word": "fryere"
}
],
"word": "frere"
}
Download raw JSONL data for frere meaning in Middle English (3.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.