See flesh in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "flesh"
},
"expansion": "English: flesh",
"name": "desc"
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],
"text": "English: flesh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "flesch"
},
"expansion": "Scots: flesch",
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}
],
"text": "Scots: flesch"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
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"args": {
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"2": "vleash",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Yola: vleash, vlesh",
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}
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"text": "Yola: vleash, vlesh"
}
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"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
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},
{
"args": {
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"4": "",
"5": "to tear, peel off"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁ḱ- (“to tear, peel off”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English flǣsċ, from Proto-West Germanic *flaiski, from Proto-Germanic *flaiski, from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁ḱ- (“to tear, peel off”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "flech",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fleesh",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fleisch",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fleische",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fleish",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "flesch",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "flesche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fless",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "flessh",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "flæsc",
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"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "flæsch",
"tags": [
"alternative",
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},
{
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]
}
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"expansion": "flesh",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "flesh (uncountable)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"flesh (especially that of a mammal)"
],
"id": "en-flesh-enm-noun-nZ-DoFmn",
"links": [
[
"flesh",
"flesh#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "enm:Christianity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Theology",
"orig": "enm:Theology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A communion wafer"
],
"id": "en-flesh-enm-noun-5ciuq9jI",
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"theology",
"theology"
],
[
"communion wafer",
"communion wafer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity, theology) A communion wafer"
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity",
"lifestyle",
"religion",
"theology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "enm:Anatomy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A muscle"
],
"id": "en-flesh-enm-noun-nvD50Odg",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"muscle",
"muscle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) A muscle"
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 8 8 56 7 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Meats",
"orig": "enm:Meats",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"meat, flesh for consumption"
],
"id": "en-flesh-enm-noun-b1u~-xO7",
"links": [
[
"meat",
"meat"
],
[
"flesh",
"flesh#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A human or being"
],
"id": "en-flesh-enm-noun-BeurrwDB",
"links": [
[
"human",
"human"
],
[
"being",
"being"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The body, physical existence, nature (especially that of a human)"
],
"id": "en-flesh-enm-noun-G0-XsPhP",
"links": [
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"physical",
"physical"
],
[
"existence",
"existence"
],
[
"nature",
"nature"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 100",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Sex",
"orig": "enm:Sex",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sexual intercourse, copulation"
],
"id": "en-flesh-enm-noun-G-KUIQG8",
"links": [
[
"sexual intercourse",
"sexual intercourse"
],
[
"copulation",
"copulation"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/flɛːʃ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/flɛʃ/"
}
],
"word": "flesh"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Meats",
"enm:Sex"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "flesh"
},
"expansion": "English: flesh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: flesh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "flesch"
},
"expansion": "Scots: flesch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: flesch"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "vleash",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Yola: vleash, vlesh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: vleash, vlesh"
}
],
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"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
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},
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{
"args": {
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"2": "gem-pro",
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
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"3": "*pleh₁ḱ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to tear, peel off"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁ḱ- (“to tear, peel off”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English flǣsċ, from Proto-West Germanic *flaiski, from Proto-Germanic *flaiski, from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁ḱ- (“to tear, peel off”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "flech",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fleesh",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fleisch",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fleische",
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]
},
{
"form": "fleish",
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]
},
{
"form": "flesch",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "flesche",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fless",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "flessh",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "flæsc",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "flæsch",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "flæsh",
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"Early-Middle-English"
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}
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},
"expansion": "flesh",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "flesh (uncountable)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"flesh (especially that of a mammal)"
],
"links": [
[
"flesh",
"flesh#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"enm:Theology"
],
"glosses": [
"A communion wafer"
],
"links": [
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"Christianity"
],
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],
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"communion wafer"
]
],
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"(Christianity, theology) A communion wafer"
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity",
"lifestyle",
"religion",
"theology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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],
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"A muscle"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"muscle",
"muscle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) A muscle"
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"meat, flesh for consumption"
],
"links": [
[
"meat",
"meat"
],
[
"flesh",
"flesh#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A human or being"
],
"links": [
[
"human",
"human"
],
[
"being",
"being"
]
],
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"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The body, physical existence, nature (especially that of a human)"
],
"links": [
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"physical",
"physical"
],
[
"existence",
"existence"
],
[
"nature",
"nature"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sexual intercourse, copulation"
],
"links": [
[
"sexual intercourse",
"sexual intercourse"
],
[
"copulation",
"copulation"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/flɛːʃ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/flɛʃ/"
}
],
"word": "flesh"
}
Download raw JSONL data for flesh meaning in Middle English (4.3kB)
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "flesh/Middle English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Early-Middle-English not in or uppercase_tags",
"path": [],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "flesh",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "flesh/Middle English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Early-Middle-English not in or uppercase_tags",
"path": [],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "flesh",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "flesh/Middle English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Early-Middle-English not in or uppercase_tags",
"path": [],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "flesh",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.