See crowde in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for crowde meaning in Middle English (3.3kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "crūdan"
},
"expansion": "Old English crūdan",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English crūdan.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "crowde",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "crouden"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of crouden"
],
"id": "en-crowde-enm-verb-mwAnzVhL",
"links": [
[
"crouden",
"crouden#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "crowde"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crwth",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "English: crwth, crowd, cruth, crowth, crouth",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "crwth"
},
"expansion": "Welsh crwth",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "remodelled after Welsh <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"cy\">crwth</i>"
},
"expansion": "(remodelled after Welsh crwth)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "English: crwth, crowd, cruth, crowth, crouth (remodelled after Welsh crwth)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "croude"
},
"expansion": "Scots: croude",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Scots: croude (obsolete)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cel"
},
"expansion": "Celtic",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kruttos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kruttos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "crwth"
},
"expansion": "Welsh crwth",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rote",
"id": "musical instrument",
"t": "rote (musical instrument)"
},
"expansion": "rote (“rote (musical instrument)”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from a Celtic language; ultimately from Proto-Celtic *kruttos; compare Welsh crwth. A doublet of rote (“rote (musical instrument)”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crowdes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
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"expansion": "crowde",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "crowdes"
},
"expansion": "crowde (plural crowdes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "98 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "98 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Musical instruments",
"orig": "enm:Musical instruments",
"parents": [
"Music",
"Tools",
"Art",
"Sound",
"Technology",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "crowdere"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A crwth, crowd or a similar musical instrument."
],
"id": "en-crowde-enm-noun-5v7GD2Oy",
"links": [
[
"crwth",
"crwth"
],
[
"crowd",
"crowd"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "coriun"
},
{
"word": "croude"
},
{
"word": "crouþe"
},
{
"word": "crouþ"
},
{
"word": "crowthe"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kruːd/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kruːð/"
}
],
"word": "crowde"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Celtic languages",
"Middle English terms derived from Celtic languages",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle English verbs",
"enm:Musical instruments"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "crūdan"
},
"expansion": "Old English crūdan",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English crūdan.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "crowde",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "crouden"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of crouden"
],
"links": [
[
"crouden",
"crouden#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "crowde"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Celtic languages",
"Middle English terms derived from Celtic languages",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"enm:Musical instruments"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "crowdere"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crwth",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "English: crwth, crowd, cruth, crowth, crouth",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "crwth"
},
"expansion": "Welsh crwth",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "remodelled after Welsh <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"cy\">crwth</i>"
},
"expansion": "(remodelled after Welsh crwth)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "English: crwth, crowd, cruth, crowth, crouth (remodelled after Welsh crwth)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "croude"
},
"expansion": "Scots: croude",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Scots: croude (obsolete)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cel"
},
"expansion": "Celtic",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kruttos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kruttos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "crwth"
},
"expansion": "Welsh crwth",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rote",
"id": "musical instrument",
"t": "rote (musical instrument)"
},
"expansion": "rote (“rote (musical instrument)”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from a Celtic language; ultimately from Proto-Celtic *kruttos; compare Welsh crwth. A doublet of rote (“rote (musical instrument)”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crowdes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "crowde",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "crowdes"
},
"expansion": "crowde (plural crowdes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A crwth, crowd or a similar musical instrument."
],
"links": [
[
"crwth",
"crwth"
],
[
"crowd",
"crowd"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kruːd/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kruːð/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "coriun"
},
{
"word": "croude"
},
{
"word": "crouþe"
},
{
"word": "crouþ"
},
{
"word": "crowthe"
}
],
"word": "crowde"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e268c0e and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.