See clough in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for clough meaning in Middle English (2.4kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clough"
},
"expansion": "English: clough",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: clough"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en-geo",
"2": "cleugh"
},
"expansion": "Geordie English: cleugh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Geordie English: cleugh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "cleuch"
},
"expansion": "Scots: cleuch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: cleuch"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*clōh"
},
"expansion": "Old English *clōh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*klą̄h"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *klą̄h",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*klanh-",
"4": "*klanhaz, *klanhō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *klanhaz, *klanhō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gel-",
"t": "to form into a ball"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“to form into a ball”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English *clōh, from Proto-West Germanic *klą̄h, from Proto-Germanic *klanhaz, *klanhō, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“to form into a ball”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cloughes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "clough",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cloughes"
},
"expansion": "clough (plural cloughes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "enm:Landforms",
"parents": [
"Earth",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A narrow valley; a ravine."
],
"id": "en-clough-enm-noun-8Lesj8Bm",
"links": [
[
"valley",
"valley"
],
[
"ravine",
"ravine"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A cliff; a precipice."
],
"id": "en-clough-enm-noun-kUbUxRQY",
"links": [
[
"cliff",
"cliff"
],
[
"precipice",
"precipice"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kluːx/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "cleu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "clew"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "cloghe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "cloȝ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "clou"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "clouȝ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "clow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "clowgh"
}
],
"word": "clough"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"enm:Landforms"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "clough"
},
"expansion": "English: clough",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: clough"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en-geo",
"2": "cleugh"
},
"expansion": "Geordie English: cleugh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Geordie English: cleugh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "cleuch"
},
"expansion": "Scots: cleuch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: cleuch"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*clōh"
},
"expansion": "Old English *clōh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*klą̄h"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *klą̄h",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*klanh-",
"4": "*klanhaz, *klanhō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *klanhaz, *klanhō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gel-",
"t": "to form into a ball"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“to form into a ball”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English *clōh, from Proto-West Germanic *klą̄h, from Proto-Germanic *klanhaz, *klanhō, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“to form into a ball”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cloughes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "clough",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cloughes"
},
"expansion": "clough (plural cloughes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A narrow valley; a ravine."
],
"links": [
[
"valley",
"valley"
],
[
"ravine",
"ravine"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A cliff; a precipice."
],
"links": [
[
"cliff",
"cliff"
],
[
"precipice",
"precipice"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kluːx/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cleu"
},
{
"word": "clew"
},
{
"word": "cloghe"
},
{
"word": "cloȝ"
},
{
"word": "clou"
},
{
"word": "clouȝ"
},
{
"word": "clow"
},
{
"word": "clowgh"
}
],
"word": "clough"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.