See ches in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chess"
},
"expansion": "English: chess",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: chess"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "chess"
},
"expansion": "Scots: chess",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: chess"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "eschés"
},
"expansion": "Old French eschés",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "scaccus"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin scaccus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ar",
"3": "شَاه"
},
"expansion": "Arabic شَاه (šāh)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fa",
"3": "شاه",
"4": "",
"5": "shah, king",
"tr": "šâh"
},
"expansion": "Persian شاه (šâh, “shah, king”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐭬𐭫𐭪𐭠",
"tr": "šāh"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭬𐭫𐭪𐭠 (šāh)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "peo",
"3": "𐏋",
"ts": "xšāyaθiya"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian 𐏋 (XŠ /xšāyaθiya/)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French eschés, plural of eschéc, from Medieval Latin scaccus, from Arabic شَاه (šāh), from Persian شاه (šâh, “shah, king”), from Middle Persian 𐭬𐭫𐭪𐭠 (šāh), from Old Persian 𐏋 (XŠ /xšāyaθiya/); compare chek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chesses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ches",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "chesses"
},
"expansion": "ches (plural chesses)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 1 2 44 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 3 4 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 1 2 46 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 1 1 47 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A chess set (chess board and pieces)."
],
"id": "en-ches-enm-noun-qLGkF5pl",
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"set",
"set"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Medieval chess or a similar game."
],
"id": "en-ches-enm-noun-NTnPwWSr",
"links": [
[
"Medieval",
"medieval"
],
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"similar",
"similar"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A chessboard (a board for playing chess)."
],
"id": "en-ches-enm-noun-SerkG3pP",
"links": [
[
"chessboard",
"chessboard"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A chessboard (a board for playing chess)."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 1 2 44 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 3 4 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 1 2 46 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 1 1 47 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 3 13 41 9",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Board games",
"orig": "enm:Board games",
"parents": [
"Tabletop games",
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 9 14 40 7",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "enm:Chess",
"parents": [
"Board games",
"Tabletop games",
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chess pieces (pieces for playing chess)."
],
"id": "en-ches-enm-noun-f-hOshgA",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Chess pieces (pieces for playing chess)."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃɛs/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chees"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chesse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "echesse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "esches"
}
],
"word": "ches"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "ches",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "first/second/third-person singular past indicative of chesen",
"word": "chees"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 1 2 44 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 1 2 46 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of chees: first/second/third-person singular past indicative of chesen"
],
"id": "en-ches-enm-verb-tHDSR5ot",
"links": [
[
"chees",
"chees#Middle_English"
],
[
"chesen",
"chesen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃɛːs/"
}
],
"word": "ches"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Arabic",
"Middle English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Persian",
"Middle English terms derived from Persian",
"Middle English verb forms",
"Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Board games",
"enm:Chess"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chess"
},
"expansion": "English: chess",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: chess"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "chess"
},
"expansion": "Scots: chess",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: chess"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "eschés"
},
"expansion": "Old French eschés",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "scaccus"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin scaccus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ar",
"3": "شَاه"
},
"expansion": "Arabic شَاه (šāh)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fa",
"3": "شاه",
"4": "",
"5": "shah, king",
"tr": "šâh"
},
"expansion": "Persian شاه (šâh, “shah, king”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐭬𐭫𐭪𐭠",
"tr": "šāh"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭬𐭫𐭪𐭠 (šāh)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "peo",
"3": "𐏋",
"ts": "xšāyaθiya"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian 𐏋 (XŠ /xšāyaθiya/)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French eschés, plural of eschéc, from Medieval Latin scaccus, from Arabic شَاه (šāh), from Persian شاه (šâh, “shah, king”), from Middle Persian 𐭬𐭫𐭪𐭠 (šāh), from Old Persian 𐏋 (XŠ /xšāyaθiya/); compare chek.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chesses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ches",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "chesses"
},
"expansion": "ches (plural chesses)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A chess set (chess board and pieces)."
],
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"set",
"set"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Medieval chess or a similar game."
],
"links": [
[
"Medieval",
"medieval"
],
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"similar",
"similar"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A chessboard (a board for playing chess)."
],
"links": [
[
"chessboard",
"chessboard"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A chessboard (a board for playing chess)."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Chess pieces (pieces for playing chess)."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Chess pieces (pieces for playing chess)."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃɛs/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chees"
},
{
"word": "chesse"
},
{
"word": "echesse"
},
{
"word": "esches"
}
],
"word": "ches"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English verb forms",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Board games",
"enm:Chess"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "ches",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "first/second/third-person singular past indicative of chesen",
"word": "chees"
}
],
"categories": [
"Middle English first/third-person singular past forms",
"Middle English second-person singular past forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of chees: first/second/third-person singular past indicative of chesen"
],
"links": [
[
"chees",
"chees#Middle_English"
],
[
"chesen",
"chesen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃɛːs/"
}
],
"word": "ches"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ches meaning in Middle English (4.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (0c0c1f1 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.