doffen

doffen (infinitive)
to doffen (infinitive)
doffe (infinitive)
doffe (first-person present singular)
doffed (first-person past singular)
doffest (present second-person singular)
doffedest (past second-person singular)
doffeth (present singular third-person)
doffed (past singular third-person)
doffe (present singular subjunctive)
doffed (past singular subjunctive)
doffe (imperative present singular)
doffen (plural present)
doffe (plural present)
doffeden (past plural)
doffede (past plural)
doffeth (imperative plural present)
doffe (imperative plural present)
doffynge (participle present)
doffende (participle present)
doffed (participle past)
ydoffed (participle past)

English: doff

Yola: doff, daff, daf


twies

English: twice


dighten

dighten (infinitive)
to dighten (infinitive)
dighte (infinitive)
dighte (first-person present singular)
dighte (first-person past singular)
dighted (first-person past singular)
dightest (present second-person singular)
dightest (past second-person singular)
dightedest (past second-person singular)
dighteth (present singular third-person)
dighte (past singular third-person)
dighted (past singular third-person)
dighte (present singular subjunctive)
dighte (past singular subjunctive)
dighted (past singular subjunctive)
dighte (imperative present singular)
dighten (plural present)
dighte (plural present)
dighten (past plural)
dighte (past plural)
dighteden (past plural)
dightede (past plural)
dighteth (imperative plural present)
dighte (imperative plural present)
dightynge (participle present)
dightende (participle present)
dight (participle past)
dighted (participle past)
ydight (participle past)
ydighted (participle past)

English: dight

Scots: dicht

Yola: dieeght

From Old English dihtan, dihtian (“to set in order; dispose; arrange; appoint; direct; compose”), from Proto-Germanic *dihtōną (“to compose; invent”), of disputed origin.

inh

To prepare or ready:
(transitive) To ornament, adorn.

To prepare or ready:
To ornament, adorn.

And at the last he entryd in to a chambyr that was merueillously wel dyzte and rychely, and a bedde arayed with clothe of gold

1485, Sir Thomas Malory, chapter XV, in Le Morte Darthur, book II:

And whan balyn was wepenles he ranne in to a chamber for to seke somme wepen / and soo fro chamber to chamber / and no wepen he coude fynde / and alweyes kynge Pellam after hym / And at the last he entryd in to a chambyr that was merueillously wel dyȝte and rychely

To prepare or ready:
(transitive) To furnish, equip.

Japhet's Wife: And I will gather chippes here / To make a fyer for you in feare, / And for to dighte your dinnere / Agayne you come in.

14ᵗʰc., Anonymous, The Chester Mystery Plays, Noah's Flood

Ne telleth nevere no man in youre lyf

1387-1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Manciple's Prologue

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

How that another man hath dight his wyf;

(transitive) To have sexual intercourse with.


throwen

throwen (infinitive)
to throwen (infinitive)
throwe (infinitive)
throwe (first-person present singular)
threw (first-person past singular)
throwest (present second-person singular)
threwe (past second-person singular)
threw (past second-person singular)
throweth (present singular third-person)
threw (past singular third-person)
throwe (present singular subjunctive)
threwe (past singular subjunctive)
throwe (imperative present singular)
throwen (plural present)
throwe (plural present)
threwen (past plural)
threwe (past plural)
throweth (imperative plural present)
throwe (imperative plural present)
throwynge (participle present)
throwende (participle present)
throwen (participle past)
throwe (participle past)
ythrowen (participle past)
ythrowe (participle past)

English: throw

Northumbrian: thraa

Scots: thraw

Yola: drowe, draugh

From Old English þrāwan, from Proto-West Germanic *þrāan, from Proto-Germanic *þrēaną.


throstel

English: throstle

Yola: drostal

From Old English þrostle, from Proto-West Germanic *þrostlā.


erende

English: errand

Scots: erand, eirand, earand

Yola: erroane, errone

From Old English ǣrende, from Proto-West Germanic *ārundī.


ferthendel

English: fardel

Yola: fardele

From Old English fēorþan dǣl, equivalent to ferthe (“fourth”) + del (“deal”).


wherto

English: whereto

Yola: farthoo, fartoo


felynge

English: feeling

Yola: veeleen, feeleen

c. 1368, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Book of the Duchess, as recorded c. 1440–1450 in Bodleian Library MS. Fairfax 16, folio 130r

Everything is equally good to me— / Joy or sorrow, however it might be— / For I feel nothing about anything (literally, “I have feeling in nothing”), / But am like some dazed thing, / Always on the brink of falling down.

Al is ylyche goode to me / Ioy or sorowe wherso hyt be / For I haue felynge in no thynge / But as it were a mased thynge / Alway in poynt to falle a down


foryeten

foryeten (infinitive)
to foryeten (infinitive)
foryete (infinitive)
foryete (first-person present singular)
foryat (first-person past singular)
foryet (first-person past singular)
foryetest (present second-person singular)
foryete (past second-person singular)
foryate (past second-person singular)
foryat (past second-person singular)
foryet (past second-person singular)
foryeteth (present singular third-person)
foryat (past singular third-person)
foryet (past singular third-person)
foryete (present singular subjunctive)
foryete (past singular subjunctive)
foryate (past singular subjunctive)
foryete (imperative present singular)
foryeten (plural present)
foryete (plural present)
foryeten (past plural)
foryete (past plural)
foryaten (past plural)
foryate (past plural)
foryeteth (imperative plural present)
foryete (imperative plural present)
foryetynge (participle present)
foryetende (participle present)
foryeten (participle past)
foryete (participle past)
foryoten (participle past)
foryote (participle past)

English: forget

Scots: forget

Yola: varreet, farreet, faryeet

From Old English forġietan, from Proto-West Germanic *fragetan.


wher

desc

English: where, quhair, quhar, quher, quhere (obsolete)

Scots: whaur

From Old English hwǣr, from Proto-West Germanic *hwār.


amblere

English: ambler


fordwynen

fordwynen (infinitive)
to fordwynen (infinitive)
fordwyne (infinitive)
fordwyne (first-person present singular)
fordwyned (first-person past singular)
fordwynest (present second-person singular)
fordwynedest (past second-person singular)
fordwyneth (present singular third-person)
fordwyned (past singular third-person)
fordwyne (present singular subjunctive)
fordwyned (past singular subjunctive)
fordwyne (imperative present singular)
fordwynen (plural present)
fordwyne (plural present)
fordwyneden (past plural)
fordwynede (past plural)
fordwyneth (imperative plural present)
fordwyne (imperative plural present)
fordwynynge (participle present)
fordwynende (participle present)
fordwyned (participle past)

From Old English fordwīnan; from Proto-Germanic *fra- (“for-”), *dwīnaną (“to disappear, dwindle”), from Proto-Indo-European *dgʷhey- (“to disappear, die”), equivalent to for- + dwynen. Cognate with Dutch verdwijnen (“to disappear, vanish”).


dwynen

enm-verb

dwynen (third-person singular simple present dwyneth, present participle dwynende, dwynynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle dwyned)

dwyneth (present singular third-person)
dwynende (participle present)
dwynynge (participle present)
dwyned (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
dwynen (infinitive)
to dwynen (infinitive)
dwyne (infinitive)
dwyne (first-person present singular)
dwyned (first-person past singular)
dwynest (present second-person singular)
dwynedest (past second-person singular)
dwyneth (present singular third-person)
dwyned (past singular third-person)
dwyne (present singular subjunctive)
dwyned (past singular subjunctive)
dwyne (imperative present singular)
dwynen (plural present)
dwyne (plural present)
dwyneden (past plural)
dwynede (past plural)
dwyneth (imperative plural present)
dwyne (imperative plural present)
dwynynge (participle present)
dwynende (participle present)
dwyned (participle past)
ydwyned (participle past)

English: dwine

Scots: dwine

From Old English dwīnan, from Proto-West Germanic *dwīnan, from Proto-Germanic *dwīnaną.


lyberte

With this I maye be sure to come sauf / and goo sauf / and that the quene shal haue her lyberte as she had before / and neuer for no thynge that hath ben surmysed afore this tyme / she neuer fro this day stande in no peryll / for els sayd sir launcelot I dare auenture me to kepe her from an harder shoure than euer I kepte her

1485, Sir Thomas Malory, “xiiij”, in Le Morte Darthur, book XX:


frumpylle

English: frump

Yola: frump


ganet

English: gannet

Yola: gannt


gauntelet

English: gauntlet

Yola: gauntletès (plural)

Borrowed from Old French gantelet, diminutive of gant (“glove”).


joynour

English: joiner

Yola: geinere, jeineare, jeeneare


joynt

English: joint

Yola: geint, gent, jent, jeint

→ Irish: siúnta


gentryse

English: gentrice

Yola: gendrize, gentrize

Borrowed from Old French genterise, variant form of gentelise, from gentil.


godsybbe

English: gossip

Yola: gozp, gosp

From Old English godsibb, equivalent to god + sybbe.

One's sponsor at baptism or confirmation, a godparent.


greylyng

English: grayling

Yola: greeleen


graunger

English: granger


gryndynge

English: grinding

Yola: grynedaane, gridane


hardshipe

English: hardship

Yola: halpish


hameron

English: hamron

Yola: hamaron, hamsraw


graunge

English: grange

Yola: grenge

Borrowed from Old French grange, from Gallic Vulgar Latin *grānica, from Latin grānum.


harpere

English: harper

Yola: harpeare


grynden

grynden (infinitive)
to grynden (infinitive)
grynde (infinitive)
grynde (first-person present singular)
grond (first-person past singular)
ground (first-person past singular)
gryndest (present second-person singular)
grounde (past second-person singular)
grond (past second-person singular)
ground (past second-person singular)
gryndeth (present singular third-person)
grond (past singular third-person)
ground (past singular third-person)
grynde (present singular subjunctive)
grounde (past singular subjunctive)
grynde (imperative present singular)
grynden (plural present)
grynde (plural present)
grounden (past plural)
grounde (past plural)
gryndeth (imperative plural present)
grynde (imperative plural present)
gryndynge (participle present)
gryndende (participle present)
grounden (participle past)
grounde (participle past)
ygrounden (participle past)
ygrounde (participle past)

English: grind

Scots: grynde, grynd, grind

Yola: grieend, griende

From Old English grindan, from Proto-West Germanic *grindan, from Proto-Germanic *grindaną.


harwe

English: harrow

Scots: harra

Yola: harroue

Either from an Old English *hearwa or borrowed from Old Norse harfr/herfi.

(Late Middle English, rare) A frame for drying hides.

(Late Middle English, rare) A sled; a sleigh.


wulder

(of God, Christ, etc.) Glory, honour, splendor


manhede

q

obsolete <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">manhead</i>

English: manhood (obsolete manhead)

Thou mayst, sin thou hast wisdom and manhede,
Assemblen alle the folk of our kinrede, [...]

late 14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Knight's Tale, The Canterbury Tales, line 1285-1286

Thou mayest, since thou hast wisdom and manhood,
Assemble all the folk of our family, …


mapel

English: maple

From Old English *mapul, from Proto-West Germanic *mapul, from Proto-Germanic *mapulaz.


hundredpeny

From hundred (“administrative division”) + peny.

af

(rare) A tax levied on a hundred (administrative division)


hondraȝte

Alternative form of hundred (“hundredth”)


peny

English: penny, pence (see there for further descendants)

Scots: penny

From Old English penniġ, a form of penning, from Proto-West Germanic *panning, from Proto-Germanic *panningaz.

A penny or other silver coin (including ancient coins)

Money or coinage (especially that with little value).


hundredes

plural of hundred (“administrative division”)


hundreþ

Alternative form of hundred (“administrative division”)


peny gras

English: penny-grass

Umbilicus rupestris
Umbilicus rupestris#Translingual


penywort

English: pennywort


hunfold

From Old English hundfeald; equivalent to hund (“hundred”) + -fold.


rarefien

rarefien (infinitive)
to rarefien (infinitive)
rarefie (infinitive)
rarefie (first-person present singular)
rarefied (first-person past singular)
rarefiest (present second-person singular)
rarefiedest (past second-person singular)
rarefieth (present singular third-person)
rarefied (past singular third-person)
rarefie (present singular subjunctive)
rarefied (past singular subjunctive)
rarefie (imperative present singular)
rarefien (plural present)
rarefie (plural present)
rarefieden (past plural)
rarefiede (past plural)
rarefieth (imperative plural present)
rarefie (imperative plural present)
rarefiynge (participle present)
rarefiende (participle present)
rarefied (participle past)
yrarefied (participle past)

English: rarefy

From Old French rarefier (modern French raréfier), from Latin rarefacere; equivalent to rare + -ifien.


pagent

English: pageant

From Medieval Latin pagina (“play in a cycle of mystery plays”), perhaps from Latin pāgina (“a written page, leaf, sheet”).


pollucion

English: pollution

Scots: pollution

From Anglo-Norman pollutiun or Middle French pollution, from Latin pollūtiō; equivalent to polluten + -ioun.


polluten

polluten (infinitive)
to polluten (infinitive)
pollute (infinitive)
pollute (first-person present singular)
polluted (first-person past singular)
pollute (first-person past singular)
pollutest (present second-person singular)
pollutedest (past second-person singular)
pollutest (past second-person singular)
polluteth (present singular third-person)
polluted (past singular third-person)
pollute (past singular third-person)
pollute (present singular subjunctive)
polluted (past singular subjunctive)
pollute (past singular subjunctive)
pollute (imperative present singular)
polluten (plural present)
pollute (plural present)
polluteden (past plural)
pollutede (past plural)
polluten (past plural)
pollute (past plural)
polluteth (imperative plural present)
pollute (imperative plural present)
pollutynge (participle present)
pollutende (participle present)
polluted (participle past)
pollut (participle past)

English: pollute

Scots: pollute

From Anglo-Norman polluter or Middle French pollution, from Latin pollūtum.


losynge

Yola: lhowsaane


losengen

losengen (infinitive)
to losengen (infinitive)
losenge (infinitive)
losenge (first-person present singular)
losenged (first-person past singular)
losengest (present second-person singular)
losengedest (past second-person singular)
losengeth (present singular third-person)
losenged (past singular third-person)
losenge (present singular subjunctive)
losenged (past singular subjunctive)
losenge (imperative present singular)
losengen (plural present)
losenge (plural present)
losengeden (past plural)
losengede (past plural)
losengeth (imperative plural present)
losenge (imperative plural present)
losengynge (participle present)
losengende (participle present)
losenged (participle past)
ylosenged (participle past)

/ˌlɔˈzɛnd͡ʒən/


losengeour

English: losenger (obsolete)

From Old French losengeor; equivalent to losengen + -our.

Alas! ye lordes, many a false flatour / Is in your court, and many a losengeour.

1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Tale of the Nonnes Preest”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC:


vaute

English: vault

Scots: vowt

→ Welsh: fowt

From Old French volte, from Latin voluta, modification of volūta.

An arched supporting structure; a vault.

A chamber or cellar, especially if vaulted.


vauten

vauten (infinitive)
to vauten (infinitive)
vaute (infinitive)
vaute (first-person present singular)
vauted (first-person past singular)
vautest (present second-person singular)
vautedest (past second-person singular)
vauteth (present singular third-person)
vauted (past singular third-person)
vaute (present singular subjunctive)
vauted (past singular subjunctive)
vaute (imperative present singular)
vauten (plural present)
vaute (plural present)
vauteden (past plural)
vautede (past plural)
vauteth (imperative plural present)
vaute (imperative plural present)
vautynge (participle present)
vautende (participle present)
vauted (participle past)
yvauted (participle past)

English: vault

Scots: vowt

From Old French volter; equivalent to vaute + -en (infinitival suffix).


decepcioun

English: deception

From Old French deception, from Latin dēceptiō.


scwame

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of squame


tresour-hous

English: treasure house


launcele

Plantago lanceolata
Plantago lanceolata#Translingual


endamagen

enm-verb

endamagen (third-person singular simple present endamageth, present participle endamagende, endamagynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle endamaged)

endamageth (present singular third-person)
endamagende (participle present)
endamagynge (participle present)
endamaged (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
endamagen (infinitive)
to endamagen (infinitive)
endamage (infinitive)
endamage (first-person present singular)
endamaged (first-person past singular)
endamagest (present second-person singular)
endamagedest (past second-person singular)
endamageth (present singular third-person)
endamaged (past singular third-person)
endamage (present singular subjunctive)
endamaged (past singular subjunctive)
endamage (imperative present singular)
endamagen (plural present)
endamage (plural present)
endamageden (past plural)
endamagede (past plural)
endamageth (imperative plural present)
endamage (imperative plural present)
endamagynge (participle present)
endamagende (participle present)
endamaged (participle past)
yendamaged (participle past)

English: endamage (archaic)

Borrowed from Old French endamagier; equivalent to en- + damagen.

to damage (in an abstract sense); to impede.


tressen

tressen (infinitive)
to tressen (infinitive)
tresse (infinitive)
tresse (first-person present singular)
tressed (first-person past singular)
tressest (present second-person singular)
tressedest (past second-person singular)
tresseth (present singular third-person)
tressed (past singular third-person)
tresse (present singular subjunctive)
tressed (past singular subjunctive)
tresse (imperative present singular)
tressen (plural present)
tresse (plural present)
tresseden (past plural)
tressede (past plural)
tresseth (imperative plural present)
tresse (imperative plural present)
tressynge (participle present)
tressende (participle present)
tressed (participle past)
ytressed (participle past)

English: tress

From Old French trescier; equivalent to tresse + -en (infinitival suffix).


launcegay

English: lancegay (obsolete)

From Old French lancegaye, from lance (“lance”) + zagaye (“assagai”).

Sire Thopas / wolde out ride / He worth / vpon his steede gray / And in his hand a launcegay / A long swerd / by his side [...].

c. 1390, Geoffrey Chaucer, Sir Thopas (Ellesmere ms)


tresour

English: treasure

Scots: treisur

From Old French tresor, from Latin thēsaurus, from Ancient Greek θησαυρός (thēsaurós).

treasure, hoard (collection of valuables)

Something or someone of great value:
treasure (a valuable possession)

Something or someone of great value:
gift, talent (valuable faculty)

A treasury or vault (repository for valuables)


tresour

Alternative form of tressour (“headdress”)


tresouren

tresouren (infinitive)
to tresouren (infinitive)
tresoure (infinitive)
tresoure (first-person present singular)
tresoured (first-person past singular)
tresourest (present second-person singular)
tresouredest (past second-person singular)
tresoureth (present singular third-person)
tresoured (past singular third-person)
tresoure (present singular subjunctive)
tresoured (past singular subjunctive)
tresoure (imperative present singular)
tresouren (plural present)
tresoure (plural present)
tresoureden (past plural)
tresourede (past plural)
tresoureth (imperative plural present)
tresoure (imperative plural present)
tresourynge (participle present)
tresourende (participle present)
tresoured (participle past)
ytresoured (participle past)

English: treasure

From tresour + -en (infinitival suffix).


launchen

launchen (infinitive)
to launchen (infinitive)
launche (infinitive)
launche (first-person present singular)
launched (first-person past singular)
launchest (present second-person singular)
launchedest (past second-person singular)
launcheth (present singular third-person)
launched (past singular third-person)
launche (present singular subjunctive)
launched (past singular subjunctive)
launche (imperative present singular)
launchen (plural present)
launche (plural present)
launcheden (past plural)
launchede (past plural)
launcheth (imperative plural present)
launche (imperative plural present)
launchynge (participle present)
launchende (participle present)
launched (participle past)
ylaunched (participle past)

English: launch

Scots: lench

From Old Northern French lanchier, from Late Latin lanceō. Doublet of launcen.

(of plants, rare) To grow; to spring up.


launcen

launcen (infinitive)
to launcen (infinitive)
launce (infinitive)
launce (first-person present singular)
launced (first-person past singular)
launcest (present second-person singular)
launcedest (past second-person singular)
launceth (present singular third-person)
launced (past singular third-person)
launce (present singular subjunctive)
launced (past singular subjunctive)
launce (imperative present singular)
launcen (plural present)
launce (plural present)
launceden (past plural)
launcede (past plural)
launceth (imperative plural present)
launce (imperative plural present)
launcynge (participle present)
launcende (participle present)
launced (participle past)
ylaunced (participle past)

English: lance

Scots: lance

From Old French lancier, from Late Latin lanceō. Doublet of launchen and equivalent to launce + -en (infinitival suffix).


Broun

English: Brown

Yola: Broune, Brewne, Brune

Originally a nickname for someone with brown hair or a dark complexion.


wass

Alternative spelling of was, third-person singular preterite of been


beastlich

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of beestly


bestaile

Middle Scots: bestiall

→ English: bestial

From Old French bestaille, from Late Latin bēstiālia, from bēstiālis (“bestial”).


beestly

English: beastly

physical; non-spiritual (of faculties, knowledge, etc.)

(rare) animal (of or pertaining to animals)

(rare) beastly, depraved (lacking human sensibility)


busshel

English: bushel

Scots: bushel

ne me tendiþ not a lanterne / ⁊ puttiþ it vndur a buſſhel [translating mōdius] · but on a candilſtike· that it ȝyue liȝt to alle þat ben in þe hous

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Matheu 5:15, page 1v, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

You don't light a lamp and put it under a bushel, but on a candlestick, so it gives light to everybody who's at home.


shur

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of schour


heringe

English: hearing

Yola: heereen, heireen


hindemest

English: hindmost

Yola: hemust, heimost

From Old English hindemest, superlative of hindema; equivalent to hinde + -mest.


henden

henden (infinitive)
to henden (infinitive)
hende (infinitive)
hende (first-person present singular)
hended (first-person past singular)
hente (first-person past singular)
hendest (present second-person singular)
hendedest (past second-person singular)
hentest (past second-person singular)
hendeth (present singular third-person)
hended (past singular third-person)
hente (past singular third-person)
hende (present singular subjunctive)
hended (past singular subjunctive)
hente (past singular subjunctive)
hende (imperative present singular)
henden (plural present)
hende (plural present)
hendeden (past plural)
hendede (past plural)
henten (past plural)
hente (past plural)
hendeth (imperative plural present)
hende (imperative plural present)
hendynge (participle present)
hendende (participle present)
hended (participle past)
hent (participle past)
yhended (participle past)
yhent (participle past)

English: hend

Yola: hend

From Old English *hendan, ġehendan, from Proto-West Germanic *handijan, from Proto-Germanic *handijaną.


hunten

English: hunt

Yola: hint


ficcioun

English: fiction

From Old French ficcion, from Latin fictiō.

(Late Middle English, rare) An invention or fabrication.


coverchef

English: kerchief, kercher (obsolete)

Yola: kerchure


coughen

coughen (infinitive)
to coughen (infinitive)
coughe (infinitive)
coughe (first-person present singular)
coughed (first-person past singular)
coughest (present second-person singular)
coughedest (past second-person singular)
cougheth (present singular third-person)
coughed (past singular third-person)
coughe (present singular subjunctive)
coughed (past singular subjunctive)
coughe (imperative present singular)
coughen (plural present)
coughe (plural present)
cougheden (past plural)
coughede (past plural)
cougheth (imperative plural present)
coughe (imperative plural present)
coughynge (participle present)
coughende (participle present)
coughed (participle past)
ycoughed (participle past)

English: cough


scismatik

English: schismatic

From Middle French scismatique, from Latin schismaticus; compare scisme.


scisme

English: schism

Scots: schism

From Old French cisme, from Ancient Greek σχίσμα (skhísma).

schism (split within the Christian church)


Sicilie

English: Sicily

From Old English Sicilia, from Latin Sicilia, from Ancient Greek Σικελία (Sikelía).

1590, A Summarie of the Chronicles of England, page 733: "The other armie had in it 20 gallies, wherof some were of Sicilie, and some of the Island of Malta, under the charge of John Andreas Dorea a captaine, serving the king of Spaine."

Sicily (an island and former kingdom in Europe)


cacchen

cacchen (infinitive)
to cacchen (infinitive)
cacche (infinitive)
cacche (first-person present singular)
caughte (first-person past singular)
cacched (first-person past singular)
cacchest (present second-person singular)
caughtest (past second-person singular)
cacchedest (past second-person singular)
caccheth (present singular third-person)
caughte (past singular third-person)
cacched (past singular third-person)
cacche (present singular subjunctive)
caughte (past singular subjunctive)
cacched (past singular subjunctive)
cacche (imperative present singular)
cacchen (plural present)
cacche (plural present)
caughten (past plural)
caughte (past plural)
caccheden (past plural)
cacchede (past plural)
caccheth (imperative plural present)
cacche (imperative plural present)
cacchynge (participle present)
cacchende (participle present)
caught (participle past)
cacched (participle past)
ycaught (participle past)
ycacched (participle past)

desctree

English: catch
→ French: catch
→ Kabuverdianu:
→ Portuguese: cachir
→ Spanish: cachar

Yola: kotch

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman cachier, variant of Old French chacier, from Late Latin captiāre.


lakkynge

English: lacking

Yola: lauckeen, lockeen, lackin


leyen

leyen (infinitive)
to leyen (infinitive)
leye (infinitive)
leye (first-person present singular)
leyde (first-person past singular)
leyest (present second-person singular)
leydest (past second-person singular)
leyeth (present singular third-person)
leyde (past singular third-person)
leye (present singular subjunctive)
leyde (past singular subjunctive)
leye (imperative present singular)
leyen (plural present)
leye (plural present)
leyden (past plural)
leyde (past plural)
leyeth (imperative plural present)
leye (imperative plural present)
leyynge (participle present)
leyende (participle present)
leyd (participle past)

English: lay

Scots: lay

Yola: laaye, laay

From Old English leċġan, from Proto-West Germanic *laggjan.

The sterne wind so loude gan to route That no wight other noyse mighte here; And they that layen at the dore with-oute, 745 Ful sykerly they slepten alle y-fere; And Pandarus, with a ful sobre chere, Goth to the dore anon with-outen lette, Ther-as they laye, and softely it shette.

c. 1380, Geoffrey Chaucer, Troilus and Criseyde:


kepen

kepen (infinitive)
to kepen (infinitive)
kepe (infinitive)
kepe (first-person present singular)
kepte (first-person past singular)
kepest (present second-person singular)
keptest (past second-person singular)
kepeth (present singular third-person)
kepte (past singular third-person)
kepe (present singular subjunctive)
kepte (past singular subjunctive)
kepe (imperative present singular)
kepen (plural present)
kepe (plural present)
kepten (past plural)
kepte (past plural)
kepeth (imperative plural present)
kepe (imperative plural present)
kepynge (participle present)
kepende (participle present)
kept (participle past)
ykept (participle past)

English: keep

Scots: kepe, keip

Yola: keep

From Old English cēpan, from Proto-Germanic *kōpijaną.


levayn

English: leaven

Yola: leveen, lawveen

Borrowed from Old French levain, from Latin levāmen.


chivachye

And he had been somtyme in chivachye, / In Flaundres, in Artoys, and Picardye, / And born him wel, as of so litel space, / In hope to stonden in his lady grace.

1478, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, Prologue, 85-8:


passionat

English: passionate

From Medieval Latin passiōnātus; equivalent to passioun + -at.


compassioun

English: compassion

From Old French compassion, from Ecclesiastical Latin compassio; equivalent to con- + passioun.


cotyn

(Late Middle English) Alternative form of coton


actualy

English: actually

desc

Scots: ackwally, akwelly, ac'ually, actwally, actiwally


passioun

English: passion, Passion

Scots: passion, patient

From Old French passion, or in part from late Old English passio, passion (“Christ's passion”), from Latin passio (“suffering”), noun of action from perfect passive participle passus (“suffered”), from deponent verb pati (“suffer”).

inh

Þe uerþe article belongeþ to his passion. — Ayenbite of Inwyt, c1340

Hij þat hated þe gloried hem in-myddes of þy passion. — Midland Prose Psalter, c1350

He that felyth payne and passion Desyrith sore aftir alleggeaunce.

Þer was ane vsurar þat lay in passions of dead.

Trewli I deme, that the passions of this tyme ben not euene worthi to the glorie to comynge, that schal be schewid in vs.

c. 1382–1395, John Wycliffe [et al.], edited by Josiah Forshall and Frederic Madden, The Holy Bible, […], volume IV, Oxford: At the University Press, published 1850, →OCLC, Romans 8:18, page 172, column 1:

Truly I deem, that the passions of this time are not even worthy to the glory to come, that shall be shown in us.
[King James Version: For I reckon that the sufferings of this present time are not worthy to be compared with the glory which shall be revealed in us.]

passion, suffering (that which must be endured)

(rare) passiveness (state of being acted upon)


actyvely

English: actively


passyf

English: passive

Yola: parshagh

Borrowed from Middle French or Old French passif, from Latin passivus.

(grammar) passive (in the passive voice)


passyf

English: passive


actyf

English: active

Scots: ackie

From Old French actif, from Latin āctīvus; equivalent to acte + -yf.

(Christianity) worldly, secular (of living)

(grammar) active (relating to the active voice)


actyf

English: active

(Christianity) One who is occupied with secular concerns.


dursten

plural past indicative/subjunctive of durren


lokynge

English: looking

Scots: luking, lukin, leukin

Yola: lickeen

From Old English lōcung (attested in eftlōcung, þurhlōcung), equivalent to loken + -ing.


lykewyse

English: likewise

Yola: lickweese

From phrase in lik wise, equivalent to lik + -wise.


maylet

English: mallet

Yola: maleet

Borrowed from Old French maillet, maillot.


portcolyse

English: portcullis

From Anglo-Norman porte coliz and Old French porte colëice.

Nowe it is tyme ſhortly that I / Tell you ſomthynge of Ielouſy / That was in great ſuſpection / Aboute hym ſelfe he no maſon / That ſtone coulde laye,ne querrour / He hyred hem to make a tour / And fyrſt the roſes for to kepe / Aboute hem made he a dyche depe / Ryght wonder large,and alſo brode / Vpon the whych alſo ſtode / Of ſquared ſtone,a ſturdy wall / Whych on a cragge was founded all / And ryght great thyckneſſe eke it bare / Aboute it was founded ſquare / An hundred fadome on euery ſyde / It was all lych longe and wyde / Leſt any tyme it were aſſayled / Full well about it was batayled / And rounde enuyron eke were ſette / Full many a ryche and fayre tourette / At euery corner of thys wall / Was ſet a toure full principall / And eueryche had wythout fable / A portcolyſe defenſable / To kepe of enemyes,and to greue / That there her force wolde preue

c. 1360s (date written), Geffray Chaucer [i.e., Geoffrey Chaucer], “The Romaunt of the Rose”, in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London: […] Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], published 1542, →OCLC, folio cxlviii, verso, column 1:


dressynge

English: dressing


dressour

English: dresser

Scots: dresser

Borrowed from Old French drecëur, drecëure; equivalent to dressen + -our.


wajour

English: wager

Scots: wager, wauger

Borrowed from Old Northern French wageure; equivalent to wagen + -our.


rosenn

(Ormulum) Alternative form of rosen (“to boast”)


ruysse

(Northern) Alternative form of rosen (“to boast”)


redressen

enm-verb

redressen (third-person singular simple present redresseth, present participle redressende, redressynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle redressed)

redresseth (present singular third-person)
redressende (participle present)
redressynge (participle present)
redressed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
redressen (infinitive)
to redressen (infinitive)
redresse (infinitive)
redresse (first-person present singular)
redressed (first-person past singular)
redressest (present second-person singular)
redressedest (past second-person singular)
redresseth (present singular third-person)
redressed (past singular third-person)
redresse (present singular subjunctive)
redressed (past singular subjunctive)
redresse (imperative present singular)
redressen (plural present)
redresse (plural present)
redresseden (past plural)
redressede (past plural)
redresseth (imperative plural present)
redresse (imperative plural present)
redressynge (participle present)
redressende (participle present)
redressed (participle past)
yredressed (participle past)

English: redress

Scots: redress

From Anglo-Norman radresser, redrescer, redrescier and Middle French redressen; equivalent to re- + dressen.

To restore (return to its original condition)

To set right; to fix or repair:
To redress grievances.

To organise; to put in order:
To straighten; to make straight.

To organise; to put in order:
To end a dispute or rebellion.

To organise; to put in order:
To correct; to discipline.


jacynct

English: jacinth

Scots: jacinct (obsolete)

Borrowed from Old French jacinte, from Medieval Latin jacintus, jacinthus, from Latin hyacinthus, from Ancient Greek ὑάκινθος (huákinthos).

⁊ ſo Y ſai hoꝛſis in viſioun /⁊ þei þat ſaten on hem .· hadden firy haburiouns ⁊ of iacynct /⁊ of bꝛymſtoon /⁊ þe heedis of þe horſis weren as heedis of liouns .· /⁊ fier /⁊ ſmoke /⁊ bꝛymſtoon comeþ foꝛþ of þe mouþ of hem

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 9:17, page 120r, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010

And so I saw horses in a vision, and those who sat on them had habergeons of fire, of sapphire, and of sulphur. The horses' heads were like lions' heads; fire, smoke, and sulphur came out of their mouths.


mylnere

English: miller

Scots: miller

Yola: mileare


myxen

English: mixen

Yola: mizen


cocatrice

English: cockatrice

Borrowed from Old French cocatriz, from Late Latin calcātrīx.


basilicke

English: basilisk

Borrowed from Old French basilique, from Latin basiliscus, from Ancient Greek βασιλίσκος (basilískos).

(rare, alchemy) A formula for transmutation.


mycher

English: micher

Yola: mycheare, mitcheare

Possibly from Old English *mȳcere, equivalent to mychen + -er.


mychen

mychen (infinitive)
to mychen (infinitive)
myche (infinitive)
myche (first-person present singular)
myched (first-person past singular)
mychest (present second-person singular)
mychedest (past second-person singular)
mycheth (present singular third-person)
myched (past singular third-person)
myche (present singular subjunctive)
myched (past singular subjunctive)
myche (imperative present singular)
mychen (plural present)
myche (plural present)
mycheden (past plural)
mychede (past plural)
mycheth (imperative plural present)
myche (imperative plural present)
mychynge (participle present)
mychende (participle present)
myched (participle past)
ymyched (participle past)

English: mitch

Yola: myche


mowere

English: mower

Yola: mougheare


mayden

English: maiden

Scots: maidin

Yola: mydhen

From Old English mæġden, from Proto-West Germanic *magadīn.


nethere

English: nether

Scots: nether, nather

Yola: nether

From Old English niþera, from Proto-Germanic *niþeraz.


peutre

English: pewter

Yola: peadher, pedher, pether

Borrowed from Old French peautre, from Vulgar Latin *piltrum (“pewter”).

University of Michigan
w:University of Michigan


nexte

English: next

Yola: neeshte, nishte


nedle

English: needle

Yola: neal

Inherited from Old English nǣdl, from Proto-West Germanic *nāþlu; the final vowel is generalised from the Old English oblique cases.


charjous

English: chargeous (obsolete)

From Anglo-Norman chargeous; equivalent to chargen + -ous.

⁊ whanne I was a mong ȝou ⁊ hadde nede .· I was chargeouſe to no man / foꝛ bꝛiþeren þat camen fro macedonye fulfilliden þat þat failide to me / ⁊ in alle þingis I haue kept and ſchal kepe me wiþouten charge to ȝou

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Coꝛinthis ·ii· 11:9, page 72r, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

And when I was amongst you and felt need, I wasn't burdensome to anybody, because brothers who came from Macedonia provided whatever I didn't have. So in everything, I've kept, and will keep, myself from burdening you.


kilvarde

(Late Middle English) Alternative form of culvert


culveren

From Old English culfran; equivalent to culver + -en (plural suffix).


culveryne

English: culverin

(Late Middle English, rare) culverin (cannon)


cowschote

English: cushat, quist, queest

Scots: cushat

From Old English cūsċeote, as if from cū + sċeote, though this would be semantically dubious.


pygeoun

English: pigeon

Scots: pigeon

Borrowed from Middle French pigeon, from Old French pyjon, from Latin pīpiōnem, accusative of pīpiō.

A dove or pigeon (especially if young or when cooked).


pursyf

English: pursy

Yola: pussough

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman porsif, from Old French poussif.


forgynge

English: forging


forow

English: furrow

Scots: furr

From Old English furh, from Proto-Germanic *furhs, from Proto-Indo-European *perḱ-.

field (especially if as wide as a furrow)


fyr-brand

English: firebrand


braundischen

brandischen (infinitive)
to brandischen (infinitive)
brandische (infinitive)
brandische (first-person present singular)
brandisched (first-person past singular)
brandischest (present second-person singular)
brandischedest (past second-person singular)
brandischeth (present singular third-person)
brandisched (past singular third-person)
brandische (present singular subjunctive)
brandisched (past singular subjunctive)
brandische (imperative present singular)
brandischen (plural present)
brandische (plural present)
brandischeden (past plural)
brandischede (past plural)
brandischeth (imperative plural present)
brandische (imperative plural present)
brandischynge (participle present)
brandischende (participle present)
brandisched (participle past)
ybrandisched (participle past)

English: brandish

From Old French brandiss-, stem of brandir, from Frankish *brandijan, from Frankish *brand.

To swagger; to walk proudly and actively.


trestel

English: trestle

From Old French trestel; equivalent to trest + -el (diminutive suffix).


traunsom

English: transom

Probably from Latin trānstrum; if so, a doublet of trest.


speryn

Alternative form of sparren (“to close”)


bræd

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of brede (“roasted meat”)


bræd

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of bred (“bread”)


bræde

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of brede (“board”)


bræde

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of brede (“breadth”)


brawne

English: brawn

Scots: bran

From Old French braon, from Frankish *brādon, *brādan, accusative form of *brādō, from Proto-Germanic *brēdô (“meat, roast”). Doublet of brede (“roasted meat”).


lyoure

Borrowed from Old French liure, from Latin ligātūra. Doublet of ligature.


sparhauk

English: sparhawk; sparrowhawk

desc

Scots: sparhalk, sparhauke, sperhawke, sperhalk

→ Scottish Gaelic: speireag

From Old English spearhafoc, from Proto-West Germanic *sparwahabuk, from Proto-Germanic *sparwahabukaz; equivalent to sparwe + hauk.


braunchen

braunchen (infinitive)
to braunchen (infinitive)
braunche (infinitive)
braunche (first-person present singular)
braunched (first-person past singular)
braunchest (present second-person singular)
braunchedest (past second-person singular)
brauncheth (present singular third-person)
braunched (past singular third-person)
braunche (present singular subjunctive)
braunched (past singular subjunctive)
braunche (imperative present singular)
braunchen (plural present)
braunche (plural present)
brauncheden (past plural)
braunchede (past plural)
brauncheth (imperative plural present)
braunche (imperative plural present)
braunchynge (participle present)
braunchende (participle present)
braunched (participle past)

English: branch

From braunche + -en (infinitival suffix).

(theology, rare) To distinguish kinds of morality.


returnen

returnen (infinitive)
to returnen (infinitive)
returne (infinitive)
returne (first-person present singular)
returned (first-person past singular)
returnest (present second-person singular)
returnedest (past second-person singular)
returneth (present singular third-person)
returned (past singular third-person)
returne (present singular subjunctive)
returned (past singular subjunctive)
returne (imperative present singular)
returnen (plural present)
returne (plural present)
returneden (past plural)
returnede (past plural)
returneth (imperative plural present)
returne (imperative plural present)
returnynge (participle present)
returnende (participle present)
returned (participle past)
yreturned (participle past)

English: return

Yola: returnth (past)


rousen

enm-verb

rousen (third-person singular simple present rouseth, present participle rousende, rousynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle roused)

rouseth (present singular third-person)
rousende (participle present)
rousynge (participle present)
roused (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
rousen (infinitive)
to rousen (infinitive)
rouse (infinitive)
rouse (first-person present singular)
roused (first-person past singular)
rousest (present second-person singular)
rousedest (past second-person singular)
rouseth (present singular third-person)
roused (past singular third-person)
rouse (present singular subjunctive)
roused (past singular subjunctive)
rouse (imperative present singular)
rousen (plural present)
rouse (plural present)
rouseden (past plural)
rousede (past plural)
rouseth (imperative plural present)
rouse (imperative plural present)
rousynge (participle present)
rousende (participle present)
roused (participle past)
yroused (participle past)

English: rouse

Yola: rooze

Possibly borrowed from Anglo-Norman reuser, ruser; if so, a doublet of rusen.

(rare, Late Middle English, of hawks) to shake one's feathers


scalden

scalden (infinitive)
to scalden (infinitive)
scalde (infinitive)
scalde (first-person present singular)
scalded (first-person past singular)
scaldest (present second-person singular)
scaldedest (past second-person singular)
scaldeth (present singular third-person)
scalded (past singular third-person)
scalde (present singular subjunctive)
scalded (past singular subjunctive)
scalde (imperative present singular)
scalden (plural present)
scalde (plural present)
scaldeden (past plural)
scaldede (past plural)
scaldeth (imperative plural present)
scalde (imperative plural present)
scaldynge (participle present)
scaldende (participle present)
scalded (participle past)
yscalded (participle past)

English: scald

Yola: scaul, scaulte, scalte (adj.)

Borrowed from Old Northern French escalder (compare central eschauder, eschalder), from Late Latin excaldāre.


schethe

English: sheath

Scots: sheath

Yola: shaadh

From Old English sċēaþ, from Proto-West Germanic *skaiþiju, from Proto-Germanic *skaiþiz. The final vowel is generalised from the Old English oblique forms.


schethe

English: sheth, sheath

Unknown, but possibly related to or identical to Etymology 1. Compare Old English sċēaþa, Middle Dutch schêde (“nail”).

(rare) sheth (bar connecting the ploughshare to a plough's beam)


shameles

English: shameless

Yola: shaaumeless

From Old English sċamlēas, equivalent to shame + -les.


schyllen

schyllen (infinitive)
to schyllen (infinitive)
schylle (infinitive)
schylle (first-person present singular)
schylled (first-person past singular)
schyllest (present second-person singular)
schylledest (past second-person singular)
schylleth (present singular third-person)
schylled (past singular third-person)
schylle (present singular subjunctive)
schylled (past singular subjunctive)
schylle (imperative present singular)
schyllen (plural present)
schylle (plural present)
schylleden (past plural)
schyllede (past plural)
schylleth (imperative plural present)
schylle (imperative plural present)
schyllynge (participle present)
schyllende (participle present)
schylled (participle past)
yschylled (participle past)

English: shell


imbiben

imbiben (infinitive)
to imbiben (infinitive)
imbibe (infinitive)
imbibe (first-person present singular)
imbibed (first-person past singular)
imbibest (present second-person singular)
imbibedest (past second-person singular)
imbibeth (present singular third-person)
imbibed (past singular third-person)
imbibe (present singular subjunctive)
imbibed (past singular subjunctive)
imbibe (imperative present singular)
imbiben (plural present)
imbibe (plural present)
imbibeden (past plural)
imbibede (past plural)
imbibeth (imperative plural present)
imbibe (imperative plural present)
imbibynge (participle present)
imbibende (participle present)
imbibed (participle past)

English: imbibe

Borrowed from Latin imbibō. It has been suggested that the loan was mediated through Middle French imbiber, but this is unlikely.


gemow

English: gemel; gimbal; jimmer (influenced by Latin)

Borrowed from Old French gemel, from Latin gemellus.


pyntel

English: pintle

Scots: pintle

From Old English pintel, from Proto-Germanic *pint-.


schapynge

English: shaping

Scots: schaping, schapin, schaiping

Yola: shipeen


sopere

English: supper (see there for further descendants)


heorre

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of herre (“hinge”)


schimeren

shimeren (infinitive)
to shimeren (infinitive)
shimere (infinitive)
shimere (first-person present singular)
shimered (first-person past singular)
shimerest (present second-person singular)
shimeredest (past second-person singular)
shimereth (present singular third-person)
shimered (past singular third-person)
shimere (present singular subjunctive)
shimered (past singular subjunctive)
shimere (imperative present singular)
shimeren (plural present)
shimere (plural present)
shimereden (past plural)
shimerede (past plural)
shimereth (imperative plural present)
shimere (imperative plural present)
shimerynge (participle present)
shimerende (participle present)
shimered (participle past)
yshimered (participle past)

English: shimmer

Yola: shimmer

From Old English sċymrian, sċimrian, sċimerian.


indignacioun

English: indignation

From Old French indignation, from Latin indignātiō; compare endeynen.


skayne

English: skein

Yola: skeine


sclendre

English: slender

Yola: slendeare

late 14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer, General Prologue, The Canterbury Tales, line 587-588

His berd was shave as ny as ever he can.
The Reeve was a slender choleric man,
His beard was shaved as close as ever he can.

‘This maketh that our heires been so sclendre

late 14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Monk's Prologue, The Canterbury Tales, line 3147-3148

‘This makes our heirs to be so scrawny
And feeble that they can not well beget children.’

And feble, that they may nat wel engendre.’


smokynge

English: smoking

Yola: smockeen


slugge

English: slug, slouch

Yola: slouk, slouck


dunien

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of dynnen


endeynen

endeynen (infinitive)
to endeynen (infinitive)
endeyne (infinitive)
endeyne (first-person present singular)
endeyned (first-person past singular)
endeynest (present second-person singular)
endeynedest (past second-person singular)
endeyneth (present singular third-person)
endeyned (past singular third-person)
endeyne (present singular subjunctive)
endeyned (past singular subjunctive)
endeyne (imperative present singular)
endeynen (plural present)
endeyne (plural present)
endeyneden (past plural)
endeynede (past plural)
endeyneth (imperative plural present)
endeyne (imperative plural present)
endeynynge (participle present)
endeynende (participle present)
endeyned (participle past)

Borrowed from Old French endeignier, from Latin indignor; equivalent to and influenced in sense by en- + deynen.


dynne

English: din, dun

Scots: dyn, din

From Old English dyne, from Proto-West Germanic *duni, from Proto-Germanic *duniz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwen-.


dynnen

dynnen (infinitive)
to dynnen (infinitive)
dynne (infinitive)
dynne (first-person present singular)
dynned (first-person past singular)
dynnest (present second-person singular)
dynnedest (past second-person singular)
dynneth (present singular third-person)
dynned (past singular third-person)
dynne (present singular subjunctive)
dynned (past singular subjunctive)
dynne (imperative present singular)
dynnen (plural present)
dynne (plural present)
dynneden (past plural)
dynnede (past plural)
dynneth (imperative plural present)
dynne (imperative plural present)
dynnynge (participle present)
dynnende (participle present)
dynned (participle past)

English: dun, din

Scots: dyn, din

From Old English dynian, dynnan, from Proto-West Germanic *dunnjan, from Proto-Germanic *dunjaną.


smothe

English: smooth

Scots: smuith

Yola: smoo

Inherited from Old English smōþ, from Proto-West Germanic *smanþ, variant of *smanþī. The final vowel is presumably from smethe.


smothe

English: smooth


raby

English: rabbi

Scots: rabbi

Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin rabbī and from its source Koine Greek ῥαββί (rhabbí); ultimately from Hebrew רבי.

and iheſu turnyde and ſai hem ſuynge hym .· ⁊ ſeith to hem / what ſeken ȝe .·? ⁊ þei ſeiden to hym / rabi · þat is to ſeie maiſtir / where dwelliſt þou .·?

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Joon 1:39, page 43v, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

Jesus turned around and saw them following him; he asked them, "Is there anything you need?" They answered, "Rabbi (meaning "teacher"), where are you staying?"

master, teacher, rabbi (spiritual leader)


dignyte

English: dignity

Borrowed from Old French dignite, from Latin dignitās, dignitātem; equivalent to digne + -ite. Doublet of deynte and deynteth.

(astrology) The heightened influence of a planet.

(rare) That which provides worth or honour.


ramese

Scots: ramps, ramsh

From Old English hramsa, from Proto-West Germanic *hramusō, from Proto-Germanic *hramusō, from Proto-Indo-European *kermus-, *kremus-.

Allium ursinum
Allium ursinum#Translingual


disdeynous

English: disdainous

Borrowed from Old French desdeignos, desdaigneux (French dédaigneux); compare deynous. By surface analysis, dis- + deynen + -ous.

surf

c. 1370s. Unknown, The Romaunt of the Rose. 7412-3.
His looking was not disdeinous,
Ne proud, but meke and ful pesible.


spudde

English: spud

Yola: spud

(Late Middle English) A small or inferior knife.


disdeynen

disdeynen (infinitive)
to disdeynen (infinitive)
disdeyne (infinitive)
disdeyne (first-person present singular)
disdeyned (first-person past singular)
disdeynest (present second-person singular)
disdeynedest (past second-person singular)
disdeyneth (present singular third-person)
disdeyned (past singular third-person)
disdeyne (present singular subjunctive)
disdeyned (past singular subjunctive)
disdeyne (imperative present singular)
disdeynen (plural present)
disdeyne (plural present)
disdeyneden (past plural)
disdeynede (past plural)
disdeyneth (imperative plural present)
disdeyne (imperative plural present)
disdeynynge (participle present)
disdeynende (participle present)
disdeyned (participle past)

English: disdain

Scots: disdain

Borrowed from Old French desdeignier; equivalent to dis- + deynen. Compare deynen (“to disdain”).


disdeyne

English: disdain

Scots: disdain

Borrowed from Old French desdeigne; compare deyne.

(rare, pathology) The inflammation of a wound.


sperver

English: sparver (obsolete)

From Old French esprevier, from Old Dutch *sparwari (“sparrow-hawk”, literally “sparrow-eagle”).


sperclen

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of sparklen


sparkel

English: sparkle


sparklen

sparklen (infinitive)
to sparklen (infinitive)
sparkle (infinitive)
sparkle (first-person present singular)
sparkled (first-person past singular)
sparklest (present second-person singular)
sparkledest (past second-person singular)
sparkleth (present singular third-person)
sparkled (past singular third-person)
sparkle (present singular subjunctive)
sparkled (past singular subjunctive)
sparkle (imperative present singular)
sparklen (plural present)
sparkle (plural present)
sparkleden (past plural)
sparklede (past plural)
sparkleth (imperative plural present)
sparkle (imperative plural present)
sparklynge (participle present)
sparklende (participle present)
sparkled (participle past)

English: sparkle

From sparkel + -en (infinitival suffix).


sparplen

sparplen (infinitive)
to sparplen (infinitive)
sparple (infinitive)
sparple (first-person present singular)
sparpled (first-person past singular)
sparplest (present second-person singular)
sparpledest (past second-person singular)
sparpleth (present singular third-person)
sparpled (past singular third-person)
sparple (present singular subjunctive)
sparpled (past singular subjunctive)
sparple (imperative present singular)
sparplen (plural present)
sparple (plural present)
sparpleden (past plural)
sparplede (past plural)
sparpleth (imperative plural present)
sparple (imperative plural present)
sparplynge (participle present)
sparplende (participle present)
sparpled (participle past)

English: sparble

From Anglo-Norman esparpeler (compare Old French esparpeillier), of unknown origin.

To cover (in something); to douse or sprinkle.


spumen

spumen (infinitive)
to spumen (infinitive)
spume (infinitive)
spume (first-person present singular)
spumed (first-person past singular)
spumest (present second-person singular)
spumedest (past second-person singular)
spumeth (present singular third-person)
spumed (past singular third-person)
spume (present singular subjunctive)
spumed (past singular subjunctive)
spume (imperative present singular)
spumen (plural present)
spume (plural present)
spumeden (past plural)
spumede (past plural)
spumeth (imperative plural present)
spume (imperative plural present)
spumynge (participle present)
spumende (participle present)
spumed (participle past)

English: spume

Borrowed from Old French espumer, from Latin spūmāre.


strayen

strayen (infinitive)
to strayen (infinitive)
straye (infinitive)
straye (first-person present singular)
strayed (first-person past singular)
strayest (present second-person singular)
strayedest (past second-person singular)
strayeth (present singular third-person)
strayed (past singular third-person)
straye (present singular subjunctive)
strayed (past singular subjunctive)
straye (imperative present singular)
strayen (plural present)
straye (plural present)
strayeden (past plural)
strayede (past plural)
strayeth (imperative plural present)
straye (imperative plural present)
strayynge (participle present)
strayende (participle present)
strayed (participle past)
ystrayed (participle past)

English: stray

Yola: straayd, sthraught (preterite)


augrym

desctree

obsolete <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">algorism</i>

English: algorithm (obsolete algorism)
→ Japanese: アルゴリズム (arugorizumu)
→ Korean: 알고리즘 (algorijeum)

→ Welsh: awgrym

From Anglo-Norman algorisme, augrim, from Medieval Latin algorismus, from Arabic الخَوَارِزْمِيّ (al-ḵawārizmiyy).

der

الخَوَارِزْمِيّ


stokkynge

English: stocking

Yola: stuckeen


stryken

stryken (infinitive)
to stryken (infinitive)
stryke (infinitive)
stryke (first-person present singular)
strok (first-person past singular)
strykest (present second-person singular)
stryke (past second-person singular)
stroke (past second-person singular)
strok (past second-person singular)
stryketh (present singular third-person)
strok (past singular third-person)
stryke (present singular subjunctive)
stryke (past singular subjunctive)
stroke (past singular subjunctive)
stryke (imperative present singular)
stryken (plural present)
stryke (plural present)
stryken (past plural)
stryke (past plural)
stroken (past plural)
stroke (past plural)
stryketh (imperative plural present)
stryke (imperative plural present)
strykynge (participle present)
strykende (participle present)
stryken (participle past)
stryke (participle past)
ystryken (participle past)
ystryke (participle past)

English: strike

desc

Yola: strooke, strucke, struck (preterite)

From Old English strīcan, from Proto-West Germanic *strīkan.


werpynge

English: warping


londed

English: landed

Inherited from Old English ġelandod, past participle of ġelandian (“to endow with land”).


moldewarpe

English: mouldwarp, modiwarp, molewarp, moldwarp, modiwort, moldiwarp, moudiwarp, moudiwart, moudiewarp, mowdiwart, mowdiwort

Scots: malwart

From Old English *moldeweorpe, from Proto-Germanic *muldawurpiz (“earth-thrower, mole”). Compare werpen.


awerpen

awerpen (infinitive)
to awerpen (infinitive)
awerpe (infinitive)
awerpe (first-person present singular)
awarp (first-person past singular)
awerpest (present second-person singular)
aworpe (past second-person singular)
awarp (past second-person singular)
awerpeth (present singular third-person)
awarp (past singular third-person)
awerpe (present singular subjunctive)
aworpe (past singular subjunctive)
awerpe (imperative present singular)
awerpen (plural present)
awerpe (plural present)
aworpen (past plural)
aworpe (past plural)
awerpeth (imperative plural present)
awerpe (imperative plural present)
awerpynge (participle present)
awerpende (participle present)
aworpen (participle past)
aworpe (participle past)

From Old English āweorpan; equivalent to a- + werpen.


iwerpen

iwerpen (infinitive)
to iwerpen (infinitive)
iwerpe (infinitive)
iwerpe (first-person present singular)
iwarp (first-person past singular)
iwerpest (present second-person singular)
iworpe (past second-person singular)
iwarp (past second-person singular)
iwerpeth (present singular third-person)
iwarp (past singular third-person)
iwerpe (present singular subjunctive)
iworpe (past singular subjunctive)
iwerpe (imperative present singular)
iwerpen (plural present)
iwerpe (plural present)
iworpen (past plural)
iworpe (past plural)
iwerpeth (imperative plural present)
iwerpe (imperative plural present)
iwerpynge (participle present)
iwerpende (participle present)
iworpen (participle past)
iworpe (participle past)

From Old English ġeweorpan; equivalent to i- + werpen.


mollifien

enm-verb

mollifien (third-person singular simple present molleth, present participle mollende, mollynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle molled)

molleth (present singular third-person)
mollende (participle present)
mollynge (participle present)
molled (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
mollifien (infinitive)
to mollifien (infinitive)
mollifie (infinitive)
mollifie (first-person present singular)
mollified (first-person past singular)
mollifiest (present second-person singular)
mollifiedest (past second-person singular)
mollifieth (present singular third-person)
mollified (past singular third-person)
mollifie (present singular subjunctive)
mollified (past singular subjunctive)
mollifie (imperative present singular)
mollifien (plural present)
mollifie (plural present)
mollifieden (past plural)
mollifiede (past plural)
mollifieth (imperative plural present)
mollifie (imperative plural present)
mollifiynge (participle present)
mollifiende (participle present)
mollified (participle past)
ymollified (participle past)

English: mollify

Borrowed from Late Latin mollificō; equivalent to mollen + -ifien.


hymself

English: himself

Yola: himzil

From Old English him selfum, equivalent to hym + self.


tynen

tynen (infinitive)
to tynen (infinitive)
tyne (infinitive)
tyne (first-person present singular)
tyned (first-person past singular)
tynest (present second-person singular)
tynedest (past second-person singular)
tyneth (present singular third-person)
tyned (past singular third-person)
tyne (present singular subjunctive)
tyned (past singular subjunctive)
tyne (imperative present singular)
tynen (plural present)
tyne (plural present)
tyneden (past plural)
tynede (past plural)
tyneth (imperative plural present)
tyne (imperative plural present)
tynynge (participle present)
tynende (participle present)
tyned (participle past)
ytyned (participle past)

English: tine, teen

Yola: tine, theene

From Old English tȳnan, equivalent to toun (“town”) + -en (infinitival suffix).


ordel

English: ordeal

Scots: ordeil

Borrowed from Medieval Latin ordalium, ordelum, itself borrowed from Old English ordēl, ordāl, from Proto-West Germanic *uʀdailī. Alternatively, directly inherited from the Old English form.

(rare) ordeal (trial by subjection to a dangerous test)


mukken

mukken (infinitive)
to mukken (infinitive)
mukke (infinitive)
mukke (first-person present singular)
mukked (first-person past singular)
mukkest (present second-person singular)
mukkedest (past second-person singular)
mukketh (present singular third-person)
mukked (past singular third-person)
mukke (present singular subjunctive)
mukked (past singular subjunctive)
mukke (imperative present singular)
mukken (plural present)
mukke (plural present)
mukkeden (past plural)
mukkede (past plural)
mukketh (imperative plural present)
mukke (imperative plural present)
mukkynge (participle present)
mukkende (participle present)
mukked (participle past)
ymukked (participle past)

English: muck

Scots: muck

From muk (“muck”) + -en (infinitival suffix).


paxbrede

pax (tablet with carved religious image)


hondbrede

⇒ English: handbreadth

Scots: handbreid

From hond + brede (“breadth”); some forms are influenced by brood (“broad”). The supposed Old English *handbrǣd, *handbrǣdu mentioned by some sources is not likely to have existed.


bredthe

English: breadth

Scots: breedth, breeth

From brede (“breadth”) + -the (abstract nominal suffix).


bryead

(Kent) Alternative form of bred (“bread”)


bredles

English: breadless


holy bred

Leavened bread given to people present in a Communion; eulogia.


breord

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of brerd


gyngebred

⇒ English: gingerbread

Scots: gingebread

→ Old Norse: gingibráð

From Old French gingembras, from Medieval Latin *gingimbrātus; compare gingivere. Some forms are remodelled on bred (“bread”).


weibreode

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of weybrede


weybrede

English: waybread, waybred

⇒ Scots: waaverin leaf

From Old English weġbrǣde, weġbrāde; equivalent to wey (“way”) + brede (“breadth”).

A plantain (plant of the genus Plantago).


brerd

From Old English brerd, from Proto-Germanic *brezdaz.


planteyne

English: plantain

From Anglo-Norman plainteine, from Latin plantāgō, plantāginem.


tubbe

English: tub

Yola: tib

Borrowed from Middle Dutch tubbe or Middle Low German tubbe, tobbe, further etymology unknown.


trokel

English: truckle

Yola: truckle

From Anglo-Norman trocle, from Medieval Latin trochlea (“a block, sheaf containing one or more pulleys”).


twyx

English: twixt

Yola: twish


tyght

English: tight

Yola: tyght

From Old English *þīht, *þiht (attested in meteþiht) and Old Norse þéttr, both from Proto-Germanic *þinhtaz.


hiene

⇒ English: hyena

Borrowed from Old French hiene, from Medieval Latin hyēna, from Latin hyaena, from Ancient Greek ὕαινα (húaina). Some forms are rebuilt on the Latin etymon.


moldere

English: molder, moulder


moolde

Alternative form of molde (“top of the head”)


moldyng

English: molding, moulding


muscheron

English: mushroom

From Anglo-Norman musherum, moscheron, of obscure origin.


understanden

understanden (infinitive)
to understanden (infinitive)
understande (infinitive)
understande (first-person present singular)
understod (first-person past singular)
understandest (present second-person singular)
understode (past second-person singular)
understod (past second-person singular)
understandeth (present singular third-person)
understant (present singular third-person)
understod (past singular third-person)
understande (present singular subjunctive)
understode (past singular subjunctive)
understande (imperative present singular)
understanden (plural present)
understande (plural present)
understoden (past plural)
understode (past plural)
understandeth (imperative plural present)
understande (imperative plural present)
understandynge (participle present)
understandende (participle present)
understanden (participle past)
understande (participle past)

English: understand

Scots: understand, onderstand

Yola: understhoane

From Old English understandan, from Proto-West Germanic *understandan, from Proto-Germanic *understandaną (“to stand between, stand in the midst, understand”). Cognate with Middle Low German understanden.


mowlde

English: mold, mould

Nominal use of mowled, past form of mowlen.

(Late Middle English, rare) mold (tiny fungi)


mowlen

enm-verb

mowlen (third-person singular simple present mowleth, present participle mowlende, mowlynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle mowled)

mowleth (present singular third-person)
mowlende (participle present)
mowlynge (participle present)
mowled (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
mowlen (infinitive)
to mowlen (infinitive)
mowle (infinitive)
mowle (first-person present singular)
mowled (first-person past singular)
mowlest (present second-person singular)
mowledest (past second-person singular)
mowleth (present singular third-person)
mowled (past singular third-person)
mowle (present singular subjunctive)
mowled (past singular subjunctive)
mowle (imperative present singular)
mowlen (plural present)
mowle (plural present)
mowleden (past plural)
mowlede (past plural)
mowleth (imperative plural present)
mowle (imperative plural present)
mowlynge (participle present)
mowlende (participle present)
mowled (participle past)
ymowled (participle past)

Scots: moul

From Old Norse mygla, from Proto-Germanic *muglōną.

(figurative) To become vile or degenerate.


muwlen

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of mowlen


suhie

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of sowen (“to torment”)


sawenn

(Ormulum) Alternative form of sowen (“to sow”)


zaw

(Kent) Alternative form of sowen (“to sow”)


sawyn

(Northern) Alternative form of sowen (“to sow”)


vapourynge

English: vapouring

Yola: vaapereen, vaperreen


sowere

English: sower

Yola: zoweare, sowere

From Old English sāwere; equivalent to sowen (“to sow”) + -er.

(figurative) One who engenders or disseminates.


calch

From Old English cælċ, syncopic form of caliċ, ċeliċ, from Proto-West Germanic *kalik, from Latin calix, from Ancient Greek κάλυξ (kálux). Doublet of chalis.

(Early Middle English, rare) A chalice for wine used at the Eucharist.


Macomet

English: Mahomet

Borrowed from Latin Machometus, Mahometus; deriving from Andalusian Arabic مَحُمَّدْ (“Maḥummad”), ultimately derived from Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad). Doublet of Mahown and mawmet.


ydele

(Early Middle English, Northern) Alternative form of ydole


mawmetrie

English: mammetry

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman maumeterie, mahumetterie; equivalent to mawmet + -erie.

Islam (improperly understood as paganism)

(figurative) Adoration of worldly things.

Idolatry, paganism:
Adoration of worldly things.

Idolatry, paganism:
Occult practices; witchcraft.

An idol or graven image:
(collective) idols, graven images

An idol or graven image:
idols, graven images

An idol or graven image:
(figurative) worldly distractions

An idol or graven image:
worldly distractions


ydolatrer

English: idolater

From Middle French idolatre, from Latin idololatra; sometimes remodelled as ydolatrie + -er.


Mahown

English: Mahound

Scots: Mahoun

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman Mahun and Old French Mahum, Mahom, shortened from Mahomed (“Muhammad”), from Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad). Doublet of Macomet and mawmet.

Mahound (a fantastic god believed to be worshipped by Muslims)


ydole

English: idol

Scots: eedol

Borrowed from Old French idole, idele, from Latin īdōlum, from Ancient Greek εἴδωλον (eídōlon).

(rare, technical) An image formed at the eye.


ydolatrie

English: idolatry

From Old French idolatrie, ydolatrie, from Late Latin īdōlatrīa, from Ecclesiastical Latin īdōlolatrīa, from Ancient Greek εἰδωλολατρείᾱ (eidōlolatreíā), εἰδωλολατρίᾱ (eidōlolatríā). Compare ydole (“idol”).

εἰδωλολατρείᾱ


ðen

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of theen


ferhen

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of farowen


farowen

farowen (infinitive)
to farowen (infinitive)
farowe (infinitive)
farowe (first-person present singular)
farowed (first-person past singular)
farowest (present second-person singular)
farowedest (past second-person singular)
faroweth (present singular third-person)
farowed (past singular third-person)
farowe (present singular subjunctive)
farowed (past singular subjunctive)
farowe (imperative present singular)
farowen (plural present)
farowe (plural present)
faroweden (past plural)
farowede (past plural)
faroweth (imperative plural present)
farowe (imperative plural present)
farowynge (participle present)
farowende (participle present)
farowed (participle past)
yfarowed (participle past)

English: farrow

From *farow (“farrow”) + -en (infinitival suffix), possibly through an Old English *feargian, formed from fearh.


smierte

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of smerte


smeorten

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of smerten


smært

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of smert


scheaden

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of scheden


ssedinge

(Southern) Alternative form of schedynge


scheder

English: shedder

/ˈʃɛːdər(ə)/


schedynge

English: shedding

shedding, emission:
killing (shedding of blood)


fleyl

desc

dialectal <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">frail</i>

English: flail (dialectal frail)

Scots: flail

Yola: vleal

From Old English *flegel, fligel, from Proto-West Germanic *flagil, probably from Latin flagellum. Possibly a doublet of frayel.

(rare) A rotating bar used to secure a gate.


toscheden

enm-verb

toscheden (third-person singular simple present toschedeth, present participle toschedynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative toschedde, past participle tosched)

toschedeth (present singular third-person)
toschedynge (participle present)
toschedde (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
tosched (participle past)
toscheden (infinitive)
to toscheden (infinitive)
toschede (infinitive)
toschede (first-person present singular)
toschedde (first-person past singular)
tosched (first-person past singular)
toschedest (present second-person singular)
toscheddest (past second-person singular)
toschede (past second-person singular)
tosched (past second-person singular)
toschedeth (present singular third-person)
toschedde (past singular third-person)
tosched (past singular third-person)
toschede (present singular subjunctive)
toschedde (past singular subjunctive)
toschede (past singular subjunctive)
toschede (imperative present singular)
toscheden (plural present)
toschede (plural present)
toschedden (past plural)
toschedde (past plural)
toscheden (past plural)
toschede (past plural)
toschedeth (imperative plural present)
toschede (imperative plural present)
toschedynge (participle present)
toschedende (participle present)
tosched (participle past)
toscheden (participle past)
toschede (participle past)

/toːˈʃɛːdən/

From Old English tōscēadan; equivalent to- (“apart”) + scheden (“to shed, part”).

af

To break up; to divide around:
To disperse or diffuse.

To break up; to divide around:
To separate out; to scatter.

(rare) To distinguish; to discern the difference.


neiȝboresse

English: neighbouress, neighboress

[…] but a womman schal axe of hir neiȝboresse and of her hoosteesse siluerne vesselis, and goldun, and clothis, and ȝe schulen putte tho on ȝoure sones and douȝtris, and ȝe schulen make nakid Egipt.
[…] but a woman shall ask of her neighbouress, and of her that she is harboured with, silveren vessels, and golden, and clothes, and ye shall put those upon your sons and daughters, and ye shall make naked Egypt.
Volume I, Exodus XI:2, page 216 :
Therfor thou schalt seie to al the puple, that a man axe of his freend, and a womman of hir neiȝboresse, silueren vessels and goldun, and clothis;
Therefore thou shalt say to all the people, that a man ask of his friend, and a woman of her neighbouress, silver vessel(s) and golden, and clothes;
Volume II, Psalms XLIV:15, page 782 :
[…] hir neiȝboressis schulen be brouȝt to thee.
[…] her neighbouresses shall be brought to thee.
Volume III, Baruch IV:24, page 493 :
For as the neiȝboressis of Sion sien ȝoure caitifte maad of God, so thei schulen se and in swiftnesse ȝoure helthe of God, which helthe schal come to ȝou fro aboue with greet onour and euerlastynge schynyng.
For as the neighbouresses of Zion saw your captivity made of God, so they shall see and in swiftness your health of our God, which health shall come to you from above, with great honour and everlasting shining.
Volume III, Baruch VI:43, page 498 :
Sotheli whanne ony of tho wymmen is drawun awei of ony man passynge, and slepith with hym, sche dispisith her neiȝboresse, that sche is not hadde worthi as hir silf, nether hir roop is brokun.
Soothly when any of these women is drawn away of (or by) any man passing, and sleepeth with him, she despiseth her neighbouress, that she is not had worthy as herself, neither her rope is broken.
Volume III, Daniel XIII:62, page 666 :
[…] and thei diden to hem, as thei hadden do yuele aȝens the neiȝboresse, that thei schulden do bi the lawe of Moises, and thei killiden hem.

[…] and they did to them, as they had done evil against the neighbouress, that they should do by the law of Moses, and they killed them.
Modern spelling: Terence P. Noble, editor (2001), Wycliffe’s Old Testament.

(rare, Late Middle English) neighbouress


sched

q

dialectal <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">shode</i>

English: shed (dialectal shode)

Scots: shed

A conflation of Old English sċēada and ġesċēad; compare scheden.

(chiefly Early Middle English) Distinction, difference.

(Early Middle English) Judgement, discernment.


Michaeles messe

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of Michelmasse


Michelmasse

English: Michaelmas

Scots: Michaelmas

Yola: Michaulmas


sæpp

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of sap


sapplyng

English: sapling


-lynge

Alternative form of -ling (diminutive suffix)


weght

English: weight

Scots: wecht, weicht

Yola: waaight

From Old English wiht, from Proto-West Germanic *wihti, from Proto-Germanic *wihtiz.


hardnesse

English: hardness

From Old English heardnes; equivalent to hard + -nesse.

For truſteth wel, to longe ydone hardneſſe / Cauſeth diſpyte ful often for diſtreſſe

c. 1380s, [Geoffrey Chaucer, William Caxton, editor], The Double Sorow of Troylus to Telle Kyng Pryamus Sone of Troye … [Troilus and Criseyde], [Westminster]: Explicit per Caxton, published 1482, →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], book II, [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC, folio clxxx, recto:

For trust this well: Too long maintained hardness / Creates contempt from distress.

As it is forto se þingis present to þᵉ siȝt, heere þᵉ sown present to þᵉ eeris, touche hardnesse, neischnes, heet, or coold present to þᵉ touche, & so forþe of oþire.

a. 1460, Reginald Pecock, edited by Elsie Vaughan Hitchcock, The Donet, Early English Text Society, published 1921:

As it is to see things present to the sight, here the sound present to the ears, touch hardness, softness, heat, or cold present to the touch, and so forth of others.


mutacioun

English: mutation

Borrowed from Old French mutacion and its source Latin mūtātiō, mūtātiōnem.


mutabilite

English: mutability

Borrowed from Old French mutabilite, from Latin mutabilitas; equivalent to mutable + -ite.


affectuall

holly Leaves and Stitchwort being dronk in powdar is most affectuall.


wytty

Then cam there a lady that was a wytty lady, and she seyde playnly unto the Kyng[…]that he sholde never be hole but yf that Sir Trystrames wente into the same contrey than the venym came fro, and in that contrey sholde he be holpyn, other ellys never.

1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “Capitulum viij”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book VIII, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:


symeryng

And by the wall ſhe found a ſtaffe anon / Ans ſawe a litell ſymeryng of a light / For at an hole in ſhone the Moone bright

1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Reues Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC, column 1, lines 441–444:

She found a staff against the wall, thereupon; / And then she saw a little gleam of light / For through a hole the moon was shining bright


borel

This is to seye, if I be gay, sire shrewe,
I wol renne out, my borel for to shewe.

1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “(please specify the story)”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC:


borel

But sires, by cause I am a burel man,
At my my bigynnyng first I yow biseche,
Have me excused of my rude speche.

Religioun hath take up al the corn
Of tredyng, and we borel men been shrympes.


deynteth

Scots: daintith

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman deintet, earlier form of deinte, from Latin dignitās, dignitātem. Doublet of deynte and dignyte.


sicamour

English: sycamore, sycomore

Scots: sycamore

Borrowed from Old French sicamor, from Latin sȳcomorus, from Ancient Greek σῡκόμορος (sūkómoros).

Ficus sycomorus
Ficus sycomorus#Translingual


barown

Than there was launchyng of greate botis ⁊ ſmale and full of noble men of armys and there was muche ſlaughtir of Iantyll knyghtꝭ and many a full bolde barown was layde full lowe on bothe ꝑtyes

1470–1483 (date produced), Thom̃s Malleorre [i.e., Thomas Malory], “[Morte Arthur]”, in Le Morte Darthur (British Library Additional Manuscript 59678), [England: s.n.], folio 476, verso, lines 4–7:


barowne

And than Sir launcelot toke hys leve and deꝑted and þ[er] was noþ[er] kynge duke erle barowne nor knyght lady nor Iantyll woman but all they wepte as people oute of mynde excepte Sir Gawayne

1470–1483 (date produced), Thom̃s Malleorre [i.e., Thomas Malory], “[Morte Arthur]”, in Le Morte Darthur (British Library Additional Manuscript 59678), [England: s.n.], folio 468, recto, lines 16–20:

And then Sir Lancelot took his leave and departed and there was there no king, duke, earl, baron, nor knight, lady, nor gentle woman, but all they who wept as people out of mind, except Sir Gawain


felyshyp

ffor and the quene had be ſo dere vnto me as ye noyſe her I durſte haue kepte her frome the felyſhyp of the beſte knyghtꝭ vndir hevyn

1470–1483 (date produced), Thom̃s Malleorre [i.e., Thomas Malory], “[Morte Arthur]”, in Le Morte Darthur (British Library Additional Manuscript 59678), [England: s.n.], folio 468, recto, lines 2–4:


deyntely

English: daintily


ydelly

English: idly

From Old English īdellīċe; equivalent to ydel + -ly (adverbial).


weddynge

English: wedding

Yola: weddeen, waddeen

From Old English weddung, equivalent to wedden + -ing.


wynde

English: wind

From Old English *winde; compare wynden (“to wind”).


wynde

Alternative form of wynden (“to ventilate”)


ydel

English: idle

Scots: idle

From Old English īdel, from Proto-West Germanic *īdal, from Proto-Germanic *īdalaz.

c. 1368, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Book of the Duchess, as recorded c. 1440–1450 in Bodleian Library MS. Fairfax 16, folio 130r

I have so many idle thoughts / Purely from lack of sleep / That I swear I take no heed / Of anything, whether it comes or goes, / And nothing is either dear to me or hated.

I have so many an ydel thoght / Purely for defaulte of slepe / That by my trouthe I take no kepe / Of noo thinge how hyt cometh or gooth / Ne me nys no thynge leve nor looth


ydel

English: idle


ydelschipe

English: idleship (archaic)


idelhed

>? English: idlehead (obsolete)

⇒? English: idlehood

→ Scots: ydelheid (calque)


deynte

English: dainty

Borrowed from Old French deintie, deinte, from Latin dignitās, dignitātem. Doublet of deynteth and dignyte.

A feeling of joy or delight:
Admiration; esteem.

A feeling of joy or delight:
High regard; great honour.

A luxury or rarity (especially a delicacy).


deynte

English: dainty

Scots: denty, dainty


ydiote

English: idiot, idget, eejit

Scots: eediot, eejit, idiwut

From Old French idiote, from Latin idiota, from Ancient Greek ἰδιώτης (idiṓtēs).


ydelnesse

English: idleness

Inherited from Old English īdelnes, from Proto-West Germanic *īdalnassī; equivalent to ydel + -nesse.


whytel

English: whittle

Yola: whithel

From Old English hwītel, from Proto-West Germanic *hwītil, from Proto-Germanic *hwītilaz, equivalent to whyt + -el (diminutive suffix).


wyndinge

Alternative form of wyndynge (“winding”)


wyndynge

English: winding


wyndynge

English: winding

Yola: weeneen


wynder

English: winder

Someone or something who twists or turns.


wyyndyng

Alternative form of wyndynge (“ventilation”)


wynden

enm-verb

wynden (third-person singular simple present wyndeth, present participle wyndynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative wand, past participle wounden)

wyndeth (present singular third-person)
wyndynge (participle present)
wand (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
wounden (participle past)
winden (infinitive)
to winden (infinitive)
winde (infinitive)
winde (first-person present singular)
wand (first-person past singular)
wound (first-person past singular)
windest (present second-person singular)
wounde (past second-person singular)
wand (past second-person singular)
wound (past second-person singular)
windeth (present singular third-person)
wint (present singular third-person)
wand (past singular third-person)
wound (past singular third-person)
winde (present singular subjunctive)
wounde (past singular subjunctive)
winde (imperative present singular)
winden (plural present)
winde (plural present)
wounden (past plural)
wounde (past plural)
windeth (imperative plural present)
winde (imperative plural present)
windynge (participle present)
windende (participle present)
wounden (participle past)
wounde (participle past)
ywounden (participle past)
ywounde (participle past)

English: wind

Scots: wind, wund, win, wun

From Old English windan, from Proto-West Germanic *windan, from Proto-Germanic *windaną.

To turn about; to rotate:
To twist, wind, or coil.

To turn about; to rotate:
To encircle; to wrap around.

To turn about; to rotate:
To wind around; to repeatedly encircle.

To operate the mechanism of a winch or clock.

To move or toss about:
To free from captivity.

To move or toss about:
(rare, of a path) To meander; to wind.

To move or toss about:
To meander; to wind.

(cooking, rare) To knead or mix into a mass.

To move or toss about:
To knead or mix into a mass.

To wrap; to enclose or cover:
To clothe; to dress.

To wrap; to enclose or cover:
(figurative) To blanket; to surround.

To wrap; to enclose or cover:
To blanket; to surround.

To move ahead; to advance:
To charge or launch ahead.

To move ahead; to advance:
To spring; to fly out.

Bot, Iohn, weynd thou furth and preche / Agans the folk that doth amys / And to the pepyll the trowthe thou teche; / To rightwys way look thou tham avys

15th c., “Iohannes baptista [John the Baptist]”, in Wakefield Mystery Plays; Re-edited in George England, Alfred W. Pollard, editors, The Towneley Plays (Early English Text Society Extra Series; LXXI), London: […] Oxford University Press, 1897, →OCLC, page 202:

But John, go forth and preach to the people who do wrong, and teach the people the truth; advise them as to the right way


wynden

wynden (third-person singular simple present wyndeth, present participle wyndende, wyndynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle wynded)

wyndeth (present singular third-person)
wyndende (participle present)
wyndynge (participle present)
wynded (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
wynden (infinitive)
to wynden (infinitive)
wynde (infinitive)
wynde (first-person present singular)
wynded (first-person past singular)
wyndest (present second-person singular)
wyndedest (past second-person singular)
wyndeth (present singular third-person)
wynded (past singular third-person)
wynde (present singular subjunctive)
wynded (past singular subjunctive)
wynde (imperative present singular)
wynden (plural present)
wynde (plural present)
wyndeden (past plural)
wyndede (past plural)
wyndeth (imperative plural present)
wynde (imperative plural present)
wyndynge (participle present)
wyndende (participle present)
wynded (participle past)
ywynded (participle past)

English: wind

Scots: wind, win


wymble

English: wimble

Yola: wimble

Compare Middle Dutch wimmel, Middle Low German wimel, wemel.


wyver

English: wiver

Borrowed from Old French or Anglo-Norman wivre, variant of Old French guivre.


greþie

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of griþen


firrene

inflection of firren:
strong/weak plural


spechen

A new Middle English formation from speche + -en (plural suffix).


tranquillite

English: tranquility

Borrowed from Old French tranquillite, from Latin tranquilitas; by surface analysis, tranquille + -ite.


griþen

griþen (infinitive)
to griþen (infinitive)
griþe (first-person present singular)
griþed (first-person past singular)
griþest (present second-person singular)
griþedest (past second-person singular)
griþeth (present singular third-person)
griþed (past singular third-person)
griþe (present singular subjunctive)
griþed (past singular subjunctive)
griþe (imperative present singular)
griþen (plural present)
griþe (plural present)
griþeden (past plural)
griþede (past plural)
griþeth (imperative plural present)
griþe (imperative plural present)
griþynge (participle present)
griþende (participle present)
griþed (participle past)
ygriþed (participle past)

From Old English griþian; equivalent to grith + -en (infinitival suffix).


hearde

Alternative form of herde (“piece of hards”)


oxeherde

English: oxherd

From Old English oxanhierde. Equivalent to oxe (“ox”) + herde (“herder”).


heorde

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of herde (“herd”)


oxtonge

English: oxtongue

bugloss (Anchusa arvensis or a similar plant).


herdeman

English: herdman (obsolete)

From Old English hyrdeman; equivalent to herde (“herder”) + man (“man”).


friðen

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of frithen


cowardnesse

English: cowardness


frithen

frithen (infinitive)
to frithen (infinitive)
frithe (infinitive)
frithe (first-person present singular)
frithed (first-person past singular)
frithest (present second-person singular)
frithedest (past second-person singular)
fritheth (present singular third-person)
frithed (past singular third-person)
frithe (present singular subjunctive)
frithed (past singular subjunctive)
frithe (imperative present singular)
frithen (plural present)
frithe (plural present)
fritheden (past plural)
frithede (past plural)
fritheth (imperative plural present)
frithe (imperative plural present)
frithynge (participle present)
frithende (participle present)
frithed (participle past)
yfrithed (participle past)

Scots: freeth

From Old English friþian, from Proto-West Germanic *friþōn, from Proto-Germanic *friþōną; equivalent to frith + -en (infinitival suffix).

To show mercy or compassion (towards somebody)

(rare) To abstain from using (something)


kingrik

(Northern) Alternative form of kingriche


tenðe

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of tenthe


teoheðe

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of tithe


lymbo

English: limbo

From Latin limbō, ablative of limbus, in the expression in limbō (“on the edge”). Compare limbus.

(Late Middle English) limbo (waiting place for souls)


teoþingue

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of tithyng


teiþin

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of tiþen


teþegen

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of tithen


tithyng

English: tithing

From Old English tēoðung, tēoðing; equivalent to tithe + -ing.

One of ten equal parts of a whole; a tenth.

tithe (tenth of one's income given to clergy)


tithen

tithen (infinitive)
to tithen (infinitive)
tithe (infinitive)
tithe (first-person present singular)
tithed (first-person past singular)
tithest (present second-person singular)
tithedest (past second-person singular)
titheth (present singular third-person)
tithed (past singular third-person)
tithe (present singular subjunctive)
tithed (past singular subjunctive)
tithe (imperative present singular)
tithen (plural present)
tithe (plural present)
titheden (past plural)
tithede (past plural)
titheth (imperative plural present)
tithe (imperative plural present)
tithynge (participle present)
tithende (participle present)
tithed (participle past)
ytithed (participle past)

English: tithe

From Old English tēoþian, teogoðian; equivalent to tithe + -en (infinitival suffix).


tiþen

tiþen (infinitive)
to tiþen (infinitive)
tiþe (infinitive)
tiþe (first-person present singular)
tiþed (first-person past singular)
tidde (first-person past singular)
tiþest (present second-person singular)
tiþedest (past second-person singular)
tiddest (past second-person singular)
tiþeth (present singular third-person)
tiþed (past singular third-person)
tidde (past singular third-person)
tiþe (present singular subjunctive)
tiþed (past singular subjunctive)
tidde (past singular subjunctive)
tiþe (imperative present singular)
tiþen (plural present)
tiþe (plural present)
tiþeden (past plural)
tiþede (past plural)
tidden (past plural)
tidde (past plural)
tiþeth (imperative plural present)
tiþe (imperative plural present)
tiþynge (participle present)
tiþende (participle present)
tiþed (participle past)
tid (participle past)
ytiþed (participle past)
ytid (participle past)

From Old English tīþian, tiġþian, of unknown origin.


almessen

From Old English ælmessan; equivalent to almesse + -en (plural suffix).

(Early Middle English) plural of almesse


inscicioun

English: incision

From Middle French incision, from Latin incisiō.


walwen

walwen (infinitive)
to walwen (infinitive)
walwe (infinitive)
walwe (first-person present singular)
walwed (first-person past singular)
walwest (present second-person singular)
walwedest (past second-person singular)
walweth (present singular third-person)
walwed (past singular third-person)
walwe (present singular subjunctive)
walwed (past singular subjunctive)
walwe (imperative present singular)
walwen (plural present)
walwe (plural present)
walweden (past plural)
walwede (past plural)
walweth (imperative plural present)
walwe (imperative plural present)
walwynge (participle present)
walwende (participle present)
walwed (participle past)
ywalwed (participle past)

English: wallow

Scots: walowe, wallow, valou

Yola: wullow, wullaw

From Old English wealwian, wielwan (“to wallow, roll”), from Proto-West Germanic *walwijan, from Proto-Germanic *walwijaną.


tenthe

English: tenth

Scots: teind, tent

A remodelling of tithe (Old English teoþa) on the basis of ten + -the (ordinal suffix).
teoþa is from Proto-West Germanic *tehundō, itself from Proto-Germanic *tehundô.


tenthe

English: tenth

Scots: teind, tent


weoruldlic

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of worldly (adjective)


hirlyng

English: hireling

From Old English hȳrling, from Proto-West Germanic *hūʀijuling; equivalent to hire (“wages”) + -ling.


hire man

English: hireman

Scots: hireman

From Old English hȳrmann; equivalent to hire (“wages”) + man (“man”).


talowy

English: tallowy


menowe

English: minnow, minny, minnie

Scots: mennon, minnon

From earlier *minwe, *menwe, from the oblique forms of Old English *mynu, from Proto-West Germanic *muniwu.


talowen

talowen (infinitive)
to talowen (infinitive)
talowe (infinitive)
talowe (first-person present singular)
talowed (first-person past singular)
talowest (present second-person singular)
talowedest (past second-person singular)
taloweth (present singular third-person)
talowed (past singular third-person)
talowe (present singular subjunctive)
talowed (past singular subjunctive)
talowe (imperative present singular)
talowen (plural present)
talowe (plural present)
taloweden (past plural)
talowede (past plural)
taloweth (imperative plural present)
talowe (imperative plural present)
talowynge (participle present)
talowende (participle present)
talowed (participle past)
ytalowed (participle past)

English: tallow


taloun

English: talon

Borrowed from Old French talon (“heel, spur”), from Medieval Latin tālōnem, from Vulgar Latin *tālōnis, from Latin tālus.

(specifically) The back claw of a bird of prey.


menuse

From Middle French menuise, from Latin minūtia. Compare mynute.


talow

English: tallow

Scots: tauch, tallon

From Old English *tealg, *tealh, from Proto-West Germanic *talg, from Proto-Germanic *talgaz, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dolgʰos.

suet (the adipose tissues of an animal).

tallow (in cooking, candlemaking, and greasing)


leodæ

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of lede (“people”)


leedyn

Alternative form of leden (“to cover in lead”)


brouken

English: brook

Scots: brook

From Old English brūcan, from Proto-West Germanic *brūkan, from Proto-Germanic *brūkaną.

To enjoy, to have the benefit of something.


læd

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of led (“lead”)


quenen

From Old English cwenan; equivalent to quene + -en (plural suffix).

(Early Middle English) plural of quene (“woman”)


hireden

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of hird (“household”)


hiredman

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of hirdman


hewen

(Northern or East Anglia) Alternative form of hevene


hewen

From Old English hīwan; equivalent to hewe + -en.


sygne

English: sign

Yola: zeene

from Old English seġn (“sign; mark; token”) and Old French signe, seing (“sign; mark; signature”); both from Latin signum (“a mark; sign; token”); root uncertain.


sittynge

English: sitting

Yola: zitheen


sonne settynge

English: sunsetting

Yola: zin-zetteen

sonne + settynge, or present participle of setten.


sighe

English: sigh


sowynge

English: sowing

Yola: zoween, soween


swetynge

English: sweating

Yola: zweatheen


swelen

swelen (infinitive)
to swelen (infinitive)
swele (infinitive)
swele (first-person present singular)
sweled (first-person past singular)
swelest (present second-person singular)
sweledest (past second-person singular)
sweleth (present singular third-person)
sweled (past singular third-person)
swele (present singular subjunctive)
sweled (past singular subjunctive)
swele (imperative present singular)
swelen (plural present)
swele (plural present)
sweleden (past plural)
swelede (past plural)
sweleth (imperative plural present)
swele (imperative plural present)
swelynge (participle present)
swelende (participle present)
sweled (participle past)
ysweled (participle past)

English: sweal

Yola: zweal

From Old English swelan, from Proto-West Germanic *swelan, from Proto-Germanic *swelaną.


herbearhe

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of herberwe


herrberrȝhelæs

(Ormulum) Alternative form of herberweles


herbarhin

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of herberwen


herberweles

English: harborless, harbourless

foꝛ I hungride .· ⁊ ȝe ȝauen me to ete / and I þirſtide .· and ȝe ȝauen me to dꝛynke / I was herboꝛles .· ⁊ ȝe herboꝛiden me[…]

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Matheu 25:35, page 14r, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

Because I was hungry, and you gave me something to eat; I was thirsty, and you gave me something to drink; I was homeless, and you sheltered me […]