swei

From Old English swēg, from Proto-West Germanic *swōgi, from Proto-Germanic *swōgiz (“sound, noise”), related to Proto-Germanic *swōganą from Proto-Indo-European *(s)weh₂gʰ-. Cognate with Old Norse sœgr (“tumult, noise”) and Latin vāgītus.
Replaced by swough, swouȝ > sough from the verb swoȝen. More at sough, swoon.

On þisse deie, þet is, pentecostes, and wittesunnedeie on ure speche, com ferliche muchel swei of heofne and fulde al þa upfleunge mid fure.

On this day, that is of Pentecost, and Whitsunday in our speech, came suddenly much sound from heaven and filled all the upper levels with fury

Þurh þæs deofles lore, þeo þe likede wel... he swefede þe mid þen sweiȝe; swote þu sleptest longe on þine bedde...

Through the devil's instruction, the one who liked thee well, he lulled thee to sleep with his music, when sweetly thou slept long in thine bed

Ȝif þar sy sweȝ oþþer sar innan þan heafedan... Nim tweȝen styccan fulle

If there be ringing or sore in the head... Take two doses fully


scorpioun

English: scorpion

Borrowed from Old French scorpion, from Latin scorpiō, from Ancient Greek σκορπῐ́ος (skorpíos); reinforced by existing Old English sċorpio, from the same Latin source.

Someone who practices deception or lewdness.

Scorpio as a constellation or zodiacal sign.

A cord with tied weights used as a weapon.


daunten

enm-verb

daunten (third-person singular simple present daunteth, present participle dauntende, dauntynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle daunted)

daunteth (present singular third-person)
dauntende (participle present)
dauntynge (participle present)
daunted (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
daunten (infinitive)
to daunten (infinitive)
daunte (infinitive)
daunte (first-person present singular)
daunted (first-person past singular)
dauntest (present second-person singular)
dauntedest (past second-person singular)
daunteth (present singular third-person)
daunted (past singular third-person)
daunte (present singular subjunctive)
daunted (past singular subjunctive)
daunte (imperative present singular)
daunten (plural present)
daunte (plural present)
daunteden (past plural)
dauntede (past plural)
daunteth (imperative plural present)
daunte (imperative plural present)
dauntynge (participle present)
dauntende (participle present)
daunted (participle past)
ydaunted (participle past)

English: daunt

Scots: daunt

Borrowed from Old French danter, donter, from Latin domitō.

To attain victory and control over; to subjugate.

To overwhelm; to make obedient or compliant.

To domesticate or exert command over animals.

To stem, curb or check feelings, speech or moodiness.

(rare) To butter up; to praise to win influence.


open-ers

English: open-arse

From Old English openears; equivalent to open + ers.

But if I fare as dooth an Openers / That ilke fruyt is euer leng the wers / Til it be roten in Mullok or in stree [...].

c. 1390, Geoffrey Chaucer, ‘Reeve's Prologue’, Canterbury Tales (Ellesmere manuscript)

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Crataegus germanica
Crataegus germanica#Translingual

Mespilus germanica
Mespilus germanica#Translingual

The fruit of the common medlar (Crataegus germanica, syn. Mespilus germanica)


kinestol

From Old English cynestōl (“throne”), equivalent to kine- (“kingly, royal”) + stol (“chair, stool, seat”).


medle

From Old French medle, mesle, from Latin mespilum, from Ancient Greek μέσπιλον (méspilon).


sceld-trume

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of scheltroun


plumtre

English: plum tree, plum-tree, plumtree

Scots: ploom tree

From Old English plūmtrēow; equivalent to plomme + tre.


scheltroun

English: sheltron; shelter (possibly)

Middle Scots: schiltrum

From Old English sċildtruma, sċeltruma; equivalent to scheld + trome.

A sheltron; a line of soldiers forming a barrier.


tronke

English: trunk

Scots: trunk

From Old French tronc, from Latin truncus.

A container which fish are put in; a fishtank.


damasyn

English: damson, damascene

Borrowed from Latin prūnum damascenum (“plum of Damascus”).


vercifier

(Late Middle English) Alternative form of versifiour


versifien

versifien (infinitive)
to versifien (infinitive)
versifie (infinitive)
versifie (first-person present singular)
versified (first-person past singular)
versifiest (present second-person singular)
versifiedest (past second-person singular)
versifieth (present singular third-person)
versified (past singular third-person)
versifie (present singular subjunctive)
versified (past singular subjunctive)
versifie (imperative present singular)
versifien (plural present)
versifie (plural present)
versifieden (past plural)
versifiede (past plural)
versifieth (imperative plural present)
versifie (imperative plural present)
versifiynge (participle present)
versifiende (participle present)
versified (participle past)
yversified (participle past)

English: versify

From Old French versifier, from Latin versificō; equivalent to vers + -ifien.


versifiour

English: versifier

From Old French versifieor; equivalent to versifien + -our.


b-

(in certain words) Alternative form of bi-


fenkel

Scots: finkle

From Medieval Latin fēnuculum, from Latin faeniculum, Doublet of fenel.


fenell

English: fennel

Scots: fennel

From Old English fenol, finul, finuðl, finule, from Old French fenoil, from Late Latin fēnuculum, from Latin faeniculum, Doublet of fenkel.


latyne

From Old English latin and Old French latin.


latyne

From Old English Latin and Old French latin.


latoun

English: latten, laton

From Old French laton, laiton, from Arabic لَاطُون (lāṭūn, “copper, copper alloy”), itself from Common Turkic *altun (“gold”).

der

latten; often seen as the same as orichalcum


translatynge

English: translating

The moving of something from somewhere to somewhere else.

The taking away of one's property or money.

Translation; conversion of text into another language.


translaten

translaten (infinitive)
to translaten (infinitive)
translate (infinitive)
translate (first-person present singular)
translated (first-person past singular)
translatest (present second-person singular)
translatedest (past second-person singular)
translateth (present singular third-person)
translated (past singular third-person)
translate (present singular subjunctive)
translated (past singular subjunctive)
translate (imperative present singular)
translaten (plural present)
translate (plural present)
translateden (past plural)
translatede (past plural)
translateth (imperative plural present)
translate (imperative plural present)
translatynge (participle present)
translatende (participle present)
translated (participle past)
translat (participle past)
ytranslated (participle past)
ytranslat (participle past)

English: translate

Borrowed from Old French translater, tranlater, borrowed itself from Latin trānslātus, past participle of trānsferō.

To transport or move; to cause to change place:

To transfer a cleric from one place to another.

To remove a relic or remains (usually for relocation).

To translate; to convert from one language into another.

To confiscate or take over a fief or country.

To move into Heaven without causing death.

To transfigure, modify, or alter; to make changes to.

To supersede, displace, or change completely.

(rare) To modify one's or people's loyalties.

(rare) To renounce one's ownership over a fief or country.


wrah

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of wraw


slynesse

English: slyness

Scots: sleeness

Wit, shrewdness; the state of being wise


sleightely

English: sleightly (obsolete)

Slyly, cleverly; intelligently and using deception.


sleighly

English: slyly, slily

Scots: sleely, sleelie

Judiciously, consideredly, shrewdly; in a wise way.

He wolde nat abyde uppon no poure man for no maner of thyng—and ever he slow slyly and slypped to another, tylle all were slayne to the numbir of a hondred thousand

1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “(please specify the chapter)”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book V, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:

He wouldn't wait for any poor man for anything; and he always slayed (his enemies) skillfully then quietly moved on to the next one, until all 100,000 of them had been killed.

Adeptly, expertly, in an expert or skilled way.

Attentively; with care, attention or discernment.

Slyly, artfully; intelligently and using deception.

Without being noticed or detected; covertly.


sleighte

English: sleight

Scots: slicht

Borrowed from Old Norse slœgð, from Proto-Germanic *slōgiþō; equivalent to sly + -the (abstract nominal suffix).

Wit, shrewdness, judiciousness; the state of being wise.

Adeptness, expertise; knowledge in a certain area.

Tactics, plans, preparation; the act of readying.

A tactic, approach, method, or accomplishment.

Work, labour, might; that which is expended on a task.

Detail; the finer or more intricate points of something.

Cunning, sleight; craft; artful practice.

An artful or deceiving trick; a sly artifice.

(rare) Something of extreme attractiveness.


sleighte

Judicious, considered, shrewd; having or indicative of great wisdom.

Sly, artful, wily; employing or being an example of deception.


thryven

thryven (infinitive)
to thryven (infinitive)
thryve (infinitive)
thryve (first-person present singular)
throf (first-person past singular)
thryvest (present second-person singular)
throve (past second-person singular)
thryve (past second-person singular)
threve (past second-person singular)
throf (past second-person singular)
thryveth (present singular third-person)
throf (past singular third-person)
thryve (present singular subjunctive)
throve (past singular subjunctive)
thryve (past singular subjunctive)
threve (past singular subjunctive)
thryve (imperative present singular)
thryven (plural present)
thryve (plural present)
throven (past plural)
throve (past plural)
thryven (past plural)
thryve (past plural)
threven (past plural)
threve (past plural)
thryveth (imperative plural present)
thryve (imperative plural present)
thryvynge (participle present)
thryvende (participle present)
thryven (participle past)
thryve (participle past)
threven (participle past)
threve (participle past)

English: thrive

Scots: thrive

Yola: threeve

From Old Norse þrífa, from Proto-Germanic *þrībaną. Cognates include Old Swedish þrīvas.

To acquire prosperity or fortune; to succeed.

To be well or fit; to thrive and be active.

To acquire a beneficial attribute or characteristic.

To sprout, age or become bigger; to experience growth or development.

(rare) To intensify; to increase in magnitude.


duweðe

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of douthe


dohti

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of doughty


duhhtiȝness

(Ormulum) Alternative form of doughtynesse


doughtyly

English: doughtily

Bravely, fearlessly, doughtily, valiantly.

With great skill, interest, or investment; to a great degree.


pepulle

Alternative spelling of pibel (“pebble”)


douthe

English: douth

Scots: duthe, douth

Inherited from Old English duguþ, from Proto-West Germanic *dugunþu, from Proto-Germanic *dugunþō.
The final vowel is generalised from the Old English oblique forms; for further notes on phonological development, see youthe.

A retinue or comitatus; the personal military of a ruler.

An army or troop; a group of armed people; an army or troop.

(rare) Maturity; the state of being mature.


sotie

Borrowed from Middle French sotie, from Old French sotie; equivalent to sot + -ie.


sotschipe

From Old English sotscipe; equivalent to sot + -schipe.

(Early Middle English) Idiocy or an instance of it.


parrysshe churche

parische chirche
parische chirche#Middle_English


parych kyrke

(Northern) Alternative form of parische chirche


chirchen

From Old English ċirican; equivalent to chirche + -en (plural suffix).


paresche prest

parissh prest
parissh prest#Middle_English


parische chirche

enm-noun

parische chirche (plural parische chirches)

English: parish church


parisshe

English: parish

Scots: pairish

Yola: parieshe, pariesh, paryshe

From Old French paroisse (some variants are influenced by Anglo-Norman paroche, parosse), from Late Latin parochia, from Latin paroecia, from Ancient Greek παροικία (paroikía).

A parish (governmental unit, either religious or secular)

The people who are members of or who reside within a parish.


parissh prest

English: parish priest


parisshoner

English: parishioner


parisshen

From Old French paroissien, parochien; equivalent to parisshe + -ien.

his pariſſhens / deuoutly wolde he teche / Benygne he was / and wonder diligent / And in aduerſitee / ful pacient[…]

1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “Here Bygynneth the Book of the Tales of Caunt́burẏ”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 8, recto, lines 482-484:

He would devoutly teach his parishioners; / he was gentle, truly diligent, / and so patient in adversity […]

(Late Middle English) A parish (ecclesiastical administrative division).

(rare, Late Middle English) The totality of a parish's parishioners.


freosen

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of fresen


repeten

English: repeat

From Middle French repeter, from Old French repeter, from Latin repetō, repetere, from the prefix re- (“again”) + peto (“attack, beseech”).


blostme

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of blosme


titmose

English: titmouse

From Old English māse (“titmouse”), with probable influence from a North Germanic/Scandinavian language such as Old Norse titlingr (“sparrow”) or Icelandic tittr (“tit, small bird”). Tit could be from a base alluding to diminutive size; compare titbit.


blosme

English: blossom

Scots: blossom

From Old English blostma, from Proto-Germanic *blōstmô.

(figurative) An outstanding or unparalleled thing.

(figurative) The immediate descendant or progeny of something.


blosmen

blosmen (infinitive)
to blosmen (infinitive)
blosme (infinitive)
blosme (first-person present singular)
blosmed (first-person past singular)
blosmest (present second-person singular)
blosmedest (past second-person singular)
blosmeth (present singular third-person)
blosmed (past singular third-person)
blosme (present singular subjunctive)
blosmed (past singular subjunctive)
blosme (imperative present singular)
blosmen (plural present)
blosme (plural present)
blosmeden (past plural)
blosmede (past plural)
blosmeth (imperative plural present)
blosme (imperative plural present)
blosmynge (participle present)
blosmende (participle present)
blosmed (participle past)
yblosmed (participle past)

English: blossom

Scots: blossom

From Old English bostmian; equivalent to blosme + -en (infinitival suffix).


blosmen

From Old English blostman, nominative plural of blostma, from Proto-Germanic *blōstmaniz, nominative plural of *blōstmô; equivalent to blosme + -en (“plural suffix”).


childhode

English: childhood

Scots: childheid (obsolete)

From Old English ċildhād; equivalent to child + -hede.

The time during which one is a child; childhood.

Childishness; behaviour displaying juvenility.

An action or belief displaying stupidity or childishness.

(rare) The state of being someone's offspring.


derthe

English: dearth

Scots: dearth, darth, deart, daart

From West Saxon Old English *dīerþ, *dīerþu and Anglian Old English *dēorþ, *dēorþu, from Proto-West Germanic *diuriþu, from Proto-Germanic *diuriþō; equivalent to dere + -the (abstract nominal suffix).

A period or condition when food is rare and hence expensive; famine.

(by extension) Scarcity; a lack or short supply (of a specified thing)

(rare) Amazingness, success, magnificence.


childlæs

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of childles


childeyshe

(Late Middle English) Alternative form of childissh


darten

darten (infinitive)
to darten (infinitive)
darte (infinitive)
darte (first-person present singular)
darted (first-person past singular)
darte (first-person past singular)
dartest (present second-person singular)
dartedest (past second-person singular)
dartest (past second-person singular)
darteth (present singular third-person)
darted (past singular third-person)
darte (past singular third-person)
darte (present singular subjunctive)
darted (past singular subjunctive)
darte (past singular subjunctive)
darte (imperative present singular)
darten (plural present)
darte (plural present)
darteden (past plural)
dartede (past plural)
darten (past plural)
darte (past plural)
darteth (imperative plural present)
darte (imperative plural present)
dartynge (participle present)
dartende (participle present)
darted (participle past)
ydarted (participle past)

English: dart


childles

English: childless


childissh

English: childish

From Old English ċildisċ; equivalent to child + -yssh.


ynke

desctree

English: ink
→ Japanese: インク (inku)
→ Korean: 잉크 (ingkeu)
→ Telugu: ఇంకి (iṅki)
→ Welsh: inc

Scots: ink

From Old French enque, from Latin encaustum, from Ancient Greek ἔγκαυστον (énkauston).


Chyldyrmas-day

Childermasse day
Childermasse day#Middle_English


ȝurstendæi

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of yesterday


Childermasse day

English: Childermas (day)


daȝh

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of day


childi

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of childen


childen

childen (infinitive)
to childen (infinitive)
childe (infinitive)
childe (first-person present singular)
childed (first-person past singular)
childest (present second-person singular)
childedest (past second-person singular)
childeth (present singular third-person)
childed (past singular third-person)
childe (present singular subjunctive)
childed (past singular subjunctive)
childe (imperative present singular)
childen (plural present)
childe (plural present)
childeden (past plural)
childede (past plural)
childeth (imperative plural present)
childe (imperative plural present)
childynge (participle present)
childende (participle present)
childed (participle past)
ychilded (participle past)

English: child (verb) (archaic)

(transitive, intransitive) To give birth to a child; to beget or procreate.

(transitive) To create; to become the progenitor of.


childwyte

A penalty for impregnating a unfree woman.


childberyng

English: childbearing, child-bearing


child bed

English: childbed


slepi

English: sleepy

He woren drunken and slepi.

c. 1250, The Story of Genesis and Exodus (poem):


hasardrie

English: hazardry (obsolete)

From Middle French hasarderie; equivalent to hasard + -erie.

And now that I have ſpoken of glotonye, / Now wol I yow deffenden haſardrye; / Haſard is verray mooder of leſynges, / And of deceite, and curſed forſwerynges[…]

a. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Pardoner's Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, lines 589–592:

And since I've spoken about gluttony, / Now, I'll prevent you from dice-playing; / Dice games are literally the source of falsehoods, / deception, and false testimonies […]

(Excessive) playing of hazard (a medieval dice game often gambled upon).


hasardour

English: hazarder

From Middle French hasardeur; equivalent to hasard + -our.

One who plays hazard (the dice game) or participates in gambling.

(rare) A crafty individual who employs trickery.


gomenfull

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of gameful


gominen

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of gamen


towayle

English: towel (see there for further descendants)

Scots: toul, tool, tooel

→ Irish: tuáille

From Old French toaille, from Early Medieval Latin toallia, from Frankish *þwahilu.

A cloth for washing; a towel or washcloth.

A drape for going over an altar or grave.

(rare) A fabric cover for communion wafers.


heafd

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of heed


heddelyse

(Late Middle English) Alternative form of heedles


heafedleas

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of heedles


heedles

English: headless

Scots: heidless

From Old English hēafodlēas; equivalent to heed + -les.

(rare) Lacking its top or prominent parts.


spære

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of spere (“spear”)


speere hedde

(Late Middle English) Alternative form of spere-hed


spere-hed

English: spearhead

(rare) A kind of plant in the genus Ranunculus.


sperwort

English: spearwort

From Old English sperewyrt; equivalent to spere + wort.

Spearwort (a kind of plant in the genus Ranunculus) or a similar plant.


erly

English: early

From Old English ǣrlīċ, ārlīċ; equivalent to ere + -ly (adjectival suffix).


erly

English: early

Yola: arich (noun)

From Old English ǣrlīċe, ārlīċe; equivalent to ere + -ly (adverbial suffix).


banuyrt

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of bonwort


bonwort

Inherited from Old English bānwyrt; equivalent to bon + wort.

Any plant used to resolve bone fractures (often daisy).


weolcne

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of welken (“sky”)


welkyn

From Old English wolcnu, plural of wolcen, wolcn.


welkyn

Possibly related to or from Middle Low German welken or Middle Dutch welken.

Alternative form of welken (“to dry out”)


skyu

Alternative form of skew (“gable stone”)


dyfferre

Alternative form of differren (“to postpone”)


dyfferryn

Alternative form of differren (“to refer for judgement”)


differryng

English: deferring, differing


ynkhorn

English: inkhorn

A small portable container, often made of horn, used to carry ink.


defferent

From Latin dēferēns; equivalent to differren (“to refer for judgement”) + -ent.

af

(astronomy, rare) Relating to the supposed circular orbit of the planets around the Earth.


resistyng

English: resisting

(rare, Late Middle English) The act of resisting.


differren

differren (infinitive)
to differren (infinitive)
differre (infinitive)
differre (first-person present singular)
differred (first-person past singular)
differrest (present second-person singular)
differredest (past second-person singular)
differreth (present singular third-person)
differred (past singular third-person)
differre (present singular subjunctive)
differred (past singular subjunctive)
differre (imperative present singular)
differren (plural present)
differre (plural present)
differreden (past plural)
differrede (past plural)
differreth (imperative plural present)
differre (imperative plural present)
differrynge (participle present)
differrende (participle present)
differred (participle past)
ydifferred (participle past)

English: differ; defer (Etymology 1)

Scots: differ

Borrowed from Old French differer, diferer, from Latin differō.

To postpone or defer; to do later than was planned.

(rare) To differ; to be dissimilar from.

(rare) To avoid thinking about; to block from thought.

(rare) To block or halt; to cause to stop.

(rare) To make different or dissimilar from.


differren

defer (Etymology 2)

Borrowed from Middle French déférer, from Latin dēferō.

(Late Middle English, rare) To send to one's superiors; to refer for judgement.


heye

English: hay

From Old English heġe (from Proto-West Germanic *hagi, from Proto-Germanic *hagiz, a variant of *hagô) and Old French haie, itself ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *haggju (“hedge”) (whence hegge).


heye

enm-verb

heye (third-person singular simple present heyeth, present participle heyende, heyynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle heyed)

heyeth (present singular third-person)
heyende (participle present)
heyynge (participle present)
heyed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)


heye

head

heye (comparative heyer, superlative heyest)

heyer (comparative)
heyest (superlative)


recoveryng

English: recovering

Recovery, recuperation or respite (often from sickness)

Recovery (of lost things, feelings), regaining; getting back.

(rare) The state of desiring to recover lost things.

(rare) Aid, succour; the granting of assistance.


recoveraunce

English: recoverance

From Old French recovrance; equivalent to recoveren + -aunce.

Recovery or respite (often from sickness)


recovere

English: recover (noun)

Aid, succour; the granting or provision of assistance.

Recovery or retrieval (of lost things), regaining; getting back.

(rare) A medicament or treatment for an injury or illness.


wrawen

wrawen (infinitive)
to wrawen (infinitive)
wrawe (infinitive)
wrawe (first-person present singular)
wrawed (first-person past singular)
wrawest (present second-person singular)
wrawedest (past second-person singular)
wraweth (present singular third-person)
wrawed (past singular third-person)
wrawe (present singular subjunctive)
wrawed (past singular subjunctive)
wrawe (imperative present singular)
wrawen (plural present)
wrawe (plural present)
wraweden (past plural)
wrawede (past plural)
wraweth (imperative plural present)
wrawe (imperative plural present)
wrawynge (participle present)
wrawende (participle present)
wrawed (participle past)
ywrawed (participle past)


recoveren

recoveren (infinitive)
to recoveren (infinitive)
recovere (infinitive)
recovere (first-person present singular)
recovered (first-person past singular)
recoverest (present second-person singular)
recoveredest (past second-person singular)
recovereth (present singular third-person)
recovered (past singular third-person)
recovere (present singular subjunctive)
recovered (past singular subjunctive)
recovere (imperative present singular)
recoveren (plural present)
recovere (plural present)
recovereden (past plural)
recoverede (past plural)
recovereth (imperative plural present)
recovere (imperative plural present)
recoverynge (participle present)
recoverende (participle present)
recovered (participle past)
yrecovered (participle past)

English: recover

From Anglo-Norman recoverer, from Latin recuperō, from earlier reciperō; equivalent to re- + coveren (“to recover”).

To get back; to recover possession or use of (a faculty, power, territory, member, etc.):

To become healthy again; to recuperate from an illness or wound.

(rare) To come back from a faint; to regain consciousness or life.

(law) To be compensated for damages or have something restored.

(rare) To come back from military defeat; to renew oneself.

To aid or assist; to lend a hand or provide assistance to someone:

To emotionally revitalise or regenerate; to heal bad feelings or mood.

To make good by reparation; to make up for; to retrieve; to repair the loss or injury of.

(rare) To make better or healthier; to heal or cause to recuperate.

To get hold of; to take into one's possession or ownership.

To win; to obtain success, victory, or prosperity.

To stand up or cause to stand up again (after being knocked down)

(rare) To come somewhere; to get to a destination.

(rare) To come back somewhere; to revisit (especially while retreating)

(rare) To do a second time; to cause to recur or reoccur.


enhauncen

enm-verb

enhauncen (third-person singular simple present enhaunceth, present participle enhauncende, enhauncynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle enhaunced)

enhaunceth (present singular third-person)
enhauncende (participle present)
enhauncynge (participle present)
enhaunced (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
enhauncen (infinitive)
to enhauncen (infinitive)
enhaunce (infinitive)
enhaunce (first-person present singular)
enhaunced (first-person past singular)
enhauncest (present second-person singular)
enhauncedest (past second-person singular)
enhaunceth (present singular third-person)
enhaunced (past singular third-person)
enhaunce (present singular subjunctive)
enhaunced (past singular subjunctive)
enhaunce (imperative present singular)
enhauncen (plural present)
enhaunce (plural present)
enhaunceden (past plural)
enhauncede (past plural)
enhaunceth (imperative plural present)
enhaunce (imperative plural present)
enhauncynge (participle present)
enhauncende (participle present)
enhaunced (participle past)
yenhaunced (participle past)

English: enhance

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman enhauncer, from Vulgar Latin *inaltiāre. The second /n/ is an unetymological excrescence.

(rare) To install a column or other vertical object.

To lift, heighten, or raise up:
(rare) To heighten ground or floor.

To lift, heighten, or raise up:
To heighten ground or floor.

To better or improve someone; to make someone better:

To grant a lofty position; to promote or honour.

To cause to become (more) wealthy, successful, or powerful.

To cheer up; to make happier or more assured.

To provide with knowledge, wisdom or skill.

To feel (excessively) prideful or vain; to have excessive pride.

(rare) To instill pride or vanity; to make vain.

(rare) To make a (source of sound) louder or more prominent.

(rare) To become or cause to become more expensive.

(rare, astrology) To be influential (of a planet).


threschald

Scots: thrashel

Middle Scots variant of threschwolde, threscholde, from Old English þresċold, þerxold, þrexwold (“doorsill, entryway”), from Proto-Germanic *þreskudlaz, *þreskūþlijaz, *þreskwaþluz, from Proto-Germanic *þreskaną, *þreskwaną (“to thresh”), from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub, turn”).

der

the ingang or entrance to a house or building

(figurative) the outsetting of something


makien

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of maken


sikenesse

If hungur riſiþ in þe lond and peſtilence and ruſt and wynd diſtriynge cornes and a locuste and bꝛuke comeþ and if enemyes biſegen þe ȝatis of þe citee aftir þat þe cuntreis ben diſtried and al veniaunce and ſikenesse oppꝛeſſiþ[…]

a. 1382, John Wycliffe, “2 Paralipomenon 6:28”, in Wycliffe's Bible:

If hunger rises in the land, and pestilence, rust, wind, destroying grain, and locusts and their young come, and if enemies besiege a city's gates after the city's surrounds are ruined, and when any destruction and disease oppresses (people) […]


-ith

risith, doith, spekith


-ith

Alternative form of -the (abstract nominal suffix)


bisegen

bisegen (infinitive)
to bisegen (infinitive)
bisege (infinitive)
bisege (first-person present singular)
biseged (first-person past singular)
bisegest (present second-person singular)
bisegedest (past second-person singular)
bisegeth (present singular third-person)
biseged (past singular third-person)
bisege (present singular subjunctive)
biseged (past singular subjunctive)
bisege (imperative present singular)
bisegen (plural present)
bisege (plural present)
bisegeden (past plural)
bisegede (past plural)
bisegeth (imperative plural present)
bisege (imperative plural present)
bisegynge (participle present)
bisegende (participle present)
biseged (participle past)
ybiseged (participle past)

English: besiege


feblenesse

English: feebleness

Frailty; the state of being physically weak or feeble.

Faithlessness; the state of being unfaithful or immoral.

(rare) Cowardice, nervousness; the state of lacking willpower or bravery.

(rare) Badness; the state of having a lack of quality.


feblischen

feblischen (infinitive)
to feblischen (infinitive)
feblische (infinitive)
feblische (first-person present singular)
feblisched (first-person past singular)
feblischest (present second-person singular)
feblischedest (past second-person singular)
feblischeth (present singular third-person)
feblisched (past singular third-person)
feblische (present singular subjunctive)
feblisched (past singular subjunctive)
feblische (imperative present singular)
feblischen (plural present)
feblische (plural present)
feblischeden (past plural)
feblischede (past plural)
feblischeth (imperative plural present)
feblische (imperative plural present)
feblischynge (participle present)
feblischende (participle present)
feblisched (participle past)
yfeblisched (participle past)

From *febliss-, the long stem of Anglo-Norman *feblir.


febly

English: feebly

Sadly, sorrowfully; in an upset or unhappy way.

(rare) Infirmly or weakly; in a way lacking physical strength.

(rare) Nervously; in a way lacking willpower or bravery.

(rare) Faintly or poorly; in a way lacking power or quality.


overfeble

English: overfeeble, over-feeble

Ȝe ne ſchulen naƿt eoten fleſch ne ſeim · bute foꝛ muche ſecneſſe oðer hƿa ſe iſ ouer feble ·

c. 1225, “Eahtuðe dale: þe uttre riwle”, in Ancrene Ƿiſſe (MS. Corpus Christi 402), Herefordshire, published c. 1235, folio 112, verso; republished at Cambridge: Parker Library on the Web, 2018 January 5:

You shouldn't eat meat or fat, except in the case of extreme frailty or a strong illness.

Feeble to an excessive degree; overfeeble.


enfeblisshen

enfeblisshen (infinitive)
to enfeblisshen (infinitive)
enfeblisshe (infinitive)
enfeblisshe (first-person present singular)
enfeblisshed (first-person past singular)
enfeblisshest (present second-person singular)
enfeblisshedest (past second-person singular)
enfeblissheth (present singular third-person)
enfeblisshed (past singular third-person)
enfeblisshe (present singular subjunctive)
enfeblisshed (past singular subjunctive)
enfeblisshe (imperative present singular)
enfeblisshen (plural present)
enfeblisshe (plural present)
enfeblissheden (past plural)
enfeblisshede (past plural)
enfeblissheth (imperative plural present)
enfeblisshe (imperative plural present)
enfeblisshynge (participle present)
enfeblisshende (participle present)
enfeblisshed (participle past)
yenfeblisshed (participle past)

From enfebliss-, the long stem of Old French enfeblir; equivalent to en- + feblischen.


royalte

English: royalty

Scots: royalty

From Old French roialté, from Vulgar Latin *rēgālitātem, accusative singular of *rēgālitās; equivalent to royal + -te.

The rank, status, power or authority of a monarch.

Grandeur, lavishness, or splendor befitting a monarch.

(rare) Power similar to or equal to that of a monarch.


enfeblen

enfeblen (infinitive)
to enfeblen (infinitive)
enfeble (infinitive)
enfeble (first-person present singular)
enfebled (first-person past singular)
enfeblest (present second-person singular)
enfebledest (past second-person singular)
enfebleth (present singular third-person)
enfebled (past singular third-person)
enfeble (present singular subjunctive)
enfebled (past singular subjunctive)
enfeble (imperative present singular)
enfeblen (plural present)
enfeble (plural present)
enfebleden (past plural)
enfeblede (past plural)
enfebleth (imperative plural present)
enfeble (imperative plural present)
enfeblynge (participle present)
enfeblende (participle present)
enfebled (participle past)
yenfebled (participle past)

English: enfeeble

From Old French enfeblir; equivalent to en- + feblen.

To cause to become feeble or weakened; to enfeeble


feblen

feblen (infinitive)
to feblen (infinitive)
feble (infinitive)
feble (first-person present singular)
febled (first-person past singular)
feblest (present second-person singular)
febledest (past second-person singular)
febleth (present singular third-person)
febled (past singular third-person)
feble (present singular subjunctive)
febled (past singular subjunctive)
feble (imperative present singular)
feblen (plural present)
feble (plural present)
febleden (past plural)
feblede (past plural)
febleth (imperative plural present)
feble (imperative plural present)
feblynge (participle present)
feblende (participle present)
febled (participle past)
yfebled (participle past)

English: feeble (obsolete)

To cause the defeat of one's opponent(s).

(rare) To cause the decline of a nation or organisation.

To cause to become feeble or weakened:
(rare) To ruin, disrupt, or spoil.

To cause to become feeble or weakened:
To ruin, disrupt, or spoil.

To become (physically or mentally) feeble or weakened.


erchebiscope

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of erchebischop


bischopriche

English: bishopric

Scots: bishoprick

Inherited from Old English bisċoprīċe. Equivalent to bischop + -riche.


erchebischopriche

English: archbishopric

Inherited from Old English arċebisċoprīċe. Equivalent to erchebischop + -riche.


snaken

From Old English snacan; equivalent to snake + -en (plural suffix).


nærew

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of narwe


narruliche

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of narowly


nearnesse

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of narwenesse


narowly

English: narrowly

Within a narrow area; not allowing for much space.

Strictly, restrictively; without much laxness.


narwenesse

English: narrowness

An instance of narrowness (especially breathing obstructions)

Unimportance, irrelevance; lack of magnitude.


narwen

narwen (infinitive)
to narwen (infinitive)
narwe (infinitive)
narwe (first-person present singular)
narwed (first-person past singular)
narwest (present second-person singular)
narwedest (past second-person singular)
narweth (present singular third-person)
narwed (past singular third-person)
narwe (present singular subjunctive)
narwed (past singular subjunctive)
narwe (imperative present singular)
narwen (plural present)
narwe (plural present)
narweden (past plural)
narwede (past plural)
narweth (imperative plural present)
narwe (imperative plural present)
narwynge (participle present)
narwende (participle present)
narwed (participle past)
ynarwed (participle past)

English: narrow

Equivalent to narwe + -en (infinitival suffix); either a new Middle English formation or from Old English nearwian.


scæft

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of schaft (“shaft”)


scheaft

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of schaft (“creation”)


ssepþ

(Kent) Alternative form of schaft (“creation”)


spereschafte

spere schaft
spere schaft#Middle_English


spere-scæft

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of spere schaft


shafft

(Ormulum) Alternative form of schaft (“creation”)


spere schaft

English: spearshaft


ffelow

Alternative form of falwen (“to make fallow”)


feolahliche

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of felawely


feolahreadden

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of felawrede


bedfelawe

English: bedfellow

A close partner, especially one which one cohabits with.

A concubine; a secondary female sexual partner.


felawscipe

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of felaweshipe


felawely

English: fellowly


felawen

felawen (infinitive)
to felawen (infinitive)
felawe (infinitive)
felawe (first-person present singular)
felawed (first-person past singular)
felawest (present second-person singular)
felawedest (past second-person singular)
felaweth (present singular third-person)
felawed (past singular third-person)
felawe (present singular subjunctive)
felawed (past singular subjunctive)
felawe (imperative present singular)
felawen (plural present)
felawe (plural present)
felaweden (past plural)
felawede (past plural)
felaweth (imperative plural present)
felawe (imperative plural present)
felawynge (participle present)
felawende (participle present)
felawed (participle past)
yfelawed (participle past)

English: fellow

Formed from felawe + -en (infinitival suffix).

To connect a person in a bond (to another)


felawrede

From felawe + -rede. See fellow and rede.

Þer is bliſfolle uelaȝꝛede of god. and of angles. and of halȝen. þer opwexeþ alle guodes. uayrhede. richeſſe. woꝛþſſipe. blisse. uirtue. loue. wyt. ioye wyþoute ende.

c. 1340, Dan Michel, “Vor to Lyerny Sterue”, in Aȝenbite of Inwyt, page 75:

There is blissful companionship with God, with angels, and with saints. There, all good increases: beauty, wealth, honour, bliss, virtue, love, wisdom, and joy without end.

Friendly partnership or companionship; having company.

A (usually military) fellowship, band, or company; a group united by a goal.

The believers of a religion; a religious community.

(rare) Religious communion or connection.


felawshipen

felawshipen (infinitive)
to felawshipen (infinitive)
felawshipe (infinitive)
felawshipe (first-person present singular)
felawshiped (first-person past singular)
felawshipest (present second-person singular)
felawshipedest (past second-person singular)
felawshipeth (present singular third-person)
felawshiped (past singular third-person)
felawshipe (present singular subjunctive)
felawshiped (past singular subjunctive)
felawshipe (imperative present singular)
felawshipen (plural present)
felawshipe (plural present)
felawshipeden (past plural)
felawshipede (past plural)
felawshipeth (imperative plural present)
felawshipe (imperative plural present)
felawshipynge (participle present)
felawshipende (participle present)
felawshiped (participle past)
yfelawshiped (participle past)

English: fellowship

From felaweshipe + -en (infinitival suffix).

To enter into a companionship, partnership, alliance, or fellowship.

To connect, link, or associate two ideas.

(rare) To cause to enter into a fellowship.


blessen

blessen (infinitive)
to blessen (infinitive)
blesse (infinitive)
blesse (first-person present singular)
blessed (first-person past singular)
blessest (present second-person singular)
blessedest (past second-person singular)
blesseth (present singular third-person)
blessed (past singular third-person)
blesse (present singular subjunctive)
blessed (past singular subjunctive)
blesse (imperative present singular)
blessen (plural present)
blesse (plural present)
blesseden (past plural)
blessede (past plural)
blesseth (imperative plural present)
blesse (imperative plural present)
blessynge (participle present)
blessende (participle present)
blessed (participle past)
yblessed (participle past)

English: bless

Yola: bless

From Old English bletsian, from Proto-West Germanic *blōdisōn.


arbere

English: arbor, arbour

Scots: arber, arbeir, arbour

An alteration influenced by Latin arbor (“tree”).


almerie

desc

English: ambry, almery, aumbrie, aumbry, ambery

Scots: aumry, amry, amery, aumbry, ambry

From Anglo-Norman almarie, aumer, etc., from Old French almarie, from Latin armārium.


monæþ

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of moneth


heelful

head

heelful (plural and weak singular heelfulle)

heelfulle (plural)
heelfulle (singular weak)

English: healful

Scots: heleful, heilful

Heelful sacrifice and preyer for synnes is to take hede to Þe comandementis and to depart fro vnrigtwisnes.

1966, John Trevisa, Robert Reilly, A Middle English Summary of the Bible:


umbrell

Than dressed hym Sir Bors unto a sterne knyght and smote hym on the umbrell, that his neck braste.

1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “Capitulum xj”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book V, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:


wherethorow

in hys harte he feryd sore that Sir Trystram sholde get hym such worship in the realme of Logrys wherethorow hymselff shuld nat be able to withstonde hym.

1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “Capitulum xxxviij”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book IX, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:


undirtake

“I have now aspyed one knyght,” he seyde, “that woll play hys play at the justys, I undirtake.”

1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “(please specify the chapter)”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book VII, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:

(intransitive) To pledge; to assert, assure; to dare say.


bowstur

Scots: bowster, bouster, boster


ayther

Than ayther departed to theire tentis and made hem redy to horsebacke as they thought beste.


quysshyn

English: cushion (see there for further descendants)

Scots: cushin

From Old French coissin, cuissin, cussin, coussin, from Vulgar Latin coxīnus.

A soft stuffed bag; a cushion or pillow.

(rare) The hind portion of a cow as meat.


pusell

‘Be ye a pusell or a wyff?’ ‘Sir,’ she seyde, ‘I am a clene maydyn.’

1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “Capitulum xij”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book VII, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:


uttir

From Old English ūtor, comparative of ūt (“out”).

So whan he com nyghe to hir, she bade hym ryde uttir—‘for thou smellyst all of the kychyn.’

1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “Capitulum v”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book VII, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:


awarde

Than the kynge for grete favour made Tramtryste to be put in his doughtyrs awarde and kepying, because she was a noble surgeon.

1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “Capitulum ix”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book VIII, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:


cwessen

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of quaschen


cassen

cassen (infinitive)
to cassen (infinitive)
casse (infinitive)
casse (first-person present singular)
cassed (first-person past singular)
cassest (present second-person singular)
cassedest (past second-person singular)
casseth (present singular third-person)
cassed (past singular third-person)
casse (present singular subjunctive)
cassed (past singular subjunctive)
casse (imperative present singular)
cassen (plural present)
casse (plural present)
casseden (past plural)
cassede (past plural)
casseth (imperative plural present)
casse (imperative plural present)
cassynge (participle present)
cassende (participle present)
cassed (participle past)
ycassed (participle past)

English: cass (obsolete)

From Old French casser, from Latin cassō.

(law, rare, Late Middle English) To render useless or void; to annul; to shut down.


quaschen

enm-verb

quaschen (third-person singular simple present quascheth, present participle quaschende, quaschynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle quasched)

quascheth (present singular third-person)
quaschende (participle present)
quaschynge (participle present)
quasched (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
quaschen (infinitive)
to quaschen (infinitive)
quasche (infinitive)
quasche (first-person present singular)
quasched (first-person past singular)
quaschest (present second-person singular)
quaschedest (past second-person singular)
quascheth (present singular third-person)
quasched (past singular third-person)
quasche (present singular subjunctive)
quasched (past singular subjunctive)
quasche (imperative present singular)
quaschen (plural present)
quasche (plural present)
quascheden (past plural)
quaschede (past plural)
quascheth (imperative plural present)
quasche (imperative plural present)
quaschynge (participle present)
quaschende (participle present)
quasched (participle past)
yquasched (participle past)

English: quash

Borrowed from Old French quasser, from Latin quassō, a form of quatiō influenced by cassō.

To make void or cancel; to render inoperative.

(rare) To move from side to side; to shake.


syngeresse

English: singeress (obsolete)


syngster

English: singster (archaic)


syngyng

English: singing

Scots: singin

The performance of the sacrament of Mass.

(rare) The sound of wine undergoing fermentation.


flourdelis

English: fleur-de-lis (influenced by modern French fleur de lys)

From Anglo-Norman flour de lis (“lily flower”).

bor

The flower of an iris (often used in medicine)


flouren

flouren (infinitive)
to flouren (infinitive)
floure (infinitive)
floure (first-person present singular)
floured (first-person past singular)
flourest (present second-person singular)
flouredest (past second-person singular)
floureth (present singular third-person)
floured (past singular third-person)
floure (present singular subjunctive)
floured (past singular subjunctive)
floure (imperative present singular)
flouren (plural present)
floure (plural present)
floureden (past plural)
flourede (past plural)
floureth (imperative plural present)
floure (imperative plural present)
flourynge (participle present)
flourende (participle present)
floured (participle past)
yfloured (participle past)

English: flower, flour

Scots: flour

From Anglo-Norman florir, flurir, from Late Latin flōrīre, from Latin flōrēre.

To benefit (experience prosperity or flourishing)

To become famous; to develop a legendary reputation.

To install flowers or images of them (including in a heraldic context)

(of writing, rare) To flow; to develop ornament.

(cooking, rare) To add a powder (e.g. flour) to a meal.


lilie flour

English: lily flower


bretheling

English: bretheling

From brethel (“wretch”, from Old English *brēoþel (“degenerative, corruptive”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *breuþaną (“to fall apart, crumble”)) + -ing. See brothel for more.


croys

Yola: cress, criss

Borrowed from Old French crois, from Latin crux, crucem.


acordaunt

English: accordant

Er that I ferther in this tale pace, / Me thynketh it acordaunt to resoun / To telle yow al the condicioun / Of ech of hem, so as it semed me, / And whiche they weren, and of what degree […]

Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, General Prologue


Southwerk

English: Southwark

From Old English Sudweca, from sūþ (“south”) + weorc (“work”).

In Southwerk at the Tabard as I lay
Redy to wenden on my pilgrymage

c. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, General Prologue, line LINES:

In Southwark, at the Tabard, as I lay
Ready to go on pilgrimage and start

Southwark (a borough of London, England)


ryse

So hadde I spoken with hem everichon / That I was of hir felaweshipe anon, / And made forward erly for to ryse, / To take oure wey ther as I yow devyse.


amolisshen

enm-verb

amolisshen (third-person singular simple present amolissheth, present participle amolisshende, amolisshynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle amolisshed)

amolissheth (present singular third-person)
amolisshende (participle present)
amolisshynge (participle present)
amolisshed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
amolisshen (infinitive)
to amolisshen (infinitive)
amolisshe (infinitive)
amolisshe (first-person present singular)
amolisshed (first-person past singular)
amolisshest (present second-person singular)
amolisshedest (past second-person singular)
amolissheth (present singular third-person)
amolisshed (past singular third-person)
amolisshe (present singular subjunctive)
amolisshed (past singular subjunctive)
amolisshe (imperative present singular)
amolisshen (plural present)
amolisshe (plural present)
amolissheden (past plural)
amolisshede (past plural)
amolissheth (imperative plural present)
amolisshe (imperative plural present)
amolisshynge (participle present)
amolisshende (participle present)
amolisshed (participle past)
yamolisshed (participle past)

From Middle French amoliss-, extended stem of amolir (modern French amollir), from Old French a- (from Latin ad (“to”)) + molir, from Latin mollīre (“to make soft, soften”), from mollis (“soft”, adjective). Compare mollifien.


bottyne

English: booty, bootyn (archaic)

Borrowed from Old French butin (“plunder; allotment”).

To parten there bottyne, An oost of fowlis semblid in a croft.

c. 1450, Charles d'Orléans, (Please provide the book title or journal name):


priketh

third-person singular present indicative of priken


enspiren

enspiren (third-person singular simple present enspireth, present participle enspirende, enspirynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle enspired)

enspireth (present singular third-person)
enspirende (participle present)
enspirynge (participle present)
enspired (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)


enspiren

English: inspire

Scots: enspire

From Old French enspirer, variant of espirer, from Latin spīrāre (“to breathe”).


irennen

irennen (third-person singular simple present iernþ, present participle ierniende, first-/third-person singular past indicative iarn, past participle ironne)

iernþ (present singular third-person)
ierniende (participle present)
iarn (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
ironne (participle past)

English: yern, yearn

Scots: yern, yirn

From Old English gerinnan, giernan, equivalent to i- + rennen.

The tendre croppes, and the yonge sonne / Hath in the Ram his halfe cours yronne,

c. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, General Prologue, lines 7–8:

The tender shoots and leaves, and the young sun / His half-course in the sign of the Ram has run,

(of celestial bodies) to move through the sky


specialli

English: specially

Scots: specialy, specially

And specially from every shires ende / Of Engelond, to Caunterbury they wende,

c. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, General Prologue, lines 15–16:

And specially from every shire's end / Of England they to Canterbury went,

And with alle these men I was ofte homli and I comownede with hem long tyme and fele, and so bifore alle othir men I chees wilfulli to be enformed bi hem and of hem, and speciali of Wiclef himsilf, as of the moost vertuous and goodlich wise man that I herde of owhere either knew. And herfore of Wicleef speciali and of these men I toke the lore whiche I haue taughte and purpose to lyue aftir, if God wole, to my lyues ende.

1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41:


yfalle

Alternative form of ifalle: past participle of ifallen


yfalle

Alternative form of fallen: past participle of fallen


ifallen

ifallen (third-person singular simple present ifalleth, present participle ifallende, first-/third-person singular past indicative ifell, past participle ifalle)

ifalleth (present singular third-person)
ifallende (participle present)
ifell (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
ifalle (participle past)

From Old English gefeallan, from Proto-Germanic *gafallaną, equivalent to i- + fallen.


ifallen

(nonstandard) strong past participle of fellen


caumber

From Old Northern French [Term?] (Norman cambre), from Latin camur.


weldende

From Old English wealdend, waldend, from Proto-Germanic *waldandz.


stablie

English: stably

From Anglo-Norman stablie (Old French establie).

A group of hunters and hounds stationed around the perimeter of a wood during a hunt to prevent the escape of the game.


stablen

stablen (third-person singular simple present stableth, present participle stablende, stablynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle stabled)

stableth (present singular third-person)
stablende (participle present)
stablynge (participle present)
stabled (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)

English: stable

Scots: stabil, stabill, stable

From Old French establir, from Latin stabilīre (“to make firm, confirm, support”).


stablen

English: stable

Scots: stable

stable (“stable (dwelling for horses)”) + -en (infinitival suffix).


stablen

From stable (“stable (dwelling for horses)”) + -en (plural suffix).


esen

enm-verb

esen (third-person singular simple present eseth, present participle esende, esynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle esed)

eseth (present singular third-person)
esende (participle present)
esynge (participle present)
esed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)

English: ease

Scots: ease

From Old French aaisier, aesier (“to ease”) (cf. eise (“ease”)). Compare obsolete French aiser (“to get comfortable”).

to comfort (provide comfort, make comfortable)

The chambres and the stables weren wyde, / And wel we weren esed atte beste;

c. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, General Prologue, lines 28–29:

The rooms and stables spacious were and wide, / And well we there were accommodated, and of the best.

to ease (relieve from pain, anxiety, a burden, etc.)


forwird

From Old English forwyrd, from for- + wyrd; equivalent to for- + wird (“fate, destiny”).


everichon

English: everyone

Scots: everich ane

So hadde I spoken with hem everichon / That I was of hir felaweshipe anon,

So had I spoken with them, every one, / That I was of their fellowship anon,


tukinge

English: tucking

Scots: tuckin


toknen

toknen (third-person singular simple present tokneth, present participle toknende, toknynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle tokned)

tokneth (present singular third-person)
toknende (participle present)
toknynge (participle present)
tokned (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)

English: token

Scots: taiken

From Old English tācnian, from tācn (“token, sign”); equivalent to token + -en (infinitival suffix).

to token (symbolize, designate, portend, indicate)


toknen

(Kent) Alternative form of tokenes: plural of token


wainen

wainen (third-person singular simple present waineth, present participle wainende, wainynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle wained)

waineth (present singular third-person)
wainende (participle present)
wainynge (participle present)
wained (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)

Perhaps from Anglo-Norman wainer, a variant of Old French gaigner (“to win; to make money”); or an extension of waynen (“to carry in a wagon”).


wainen

Alternative form of waynen (“to carry in a wagon”)


wainen

Alternative form of waynen (“to go, depart”)


iwinþ

third-person singular present of iwinnen


gewinð

third-person singular present of gewinnan


iwenþ

third-person singular present of iwennan


ywynþ

third-person singular present of ywynnen


gewynþ

third-person singular present of gewynnan


iwunne

Alternative form of iwunnen: past participle of iwinnen


ȝewin

Alternative form of ȝiven: past participle of ȝiven


ywynnen

enm-verb

ywynnen (third-person singular simple present ywynþ, present participle ywynnende, first-/third-person singular past indicative ywon, past participle ywunnen)

ywynþ (present singular third-person)
ywynnende (participle present)
ywon (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
ywunnen (participle past)


iwennan

iwennan (third-person singular simple present iwenþ, present participle iwennende, first-/third-person singular past indicative iwon, past participle iwunnen)

iwenþ (present singular third-person)
iwennende (participle present)
iwon (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
iwunnen (participle past)


gewynnan

gewynnan (third-person singular simple present gewynþ, present participle gewynnende, first-/third-person singular past indicative gewan, past participle gewunnen)

gewynþ (present singular third-person)
gewynnende (participle present)
gewan (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
gewunnen (participle past)


ywennan

ywennan (third-person singular simple present ywenþ, present participle ywennende, first-/third-person singular past indicative ywon, past participle ywunnen)

ywenþ (present singular third-person)
ywennende (participle present)
ywon (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
ywunnen (participle past)


ywynne

ywynne (third-person singular simple present ywynþ, present participle ywynnende, first-/third-person singular past indicative ywon, past participle ywunnen)


ywon

third-person singular simple past of ywynnen


ȝwan

(Southwestern) Alternative form of whenne


ȝwan

(Southwestern) Alternative form of whanne


ȝwan

Alternative form of iwon: third-person singular simple past of iwinnen


iwinne

iwinne (third-person singular simple present iwinþ, present participle iwinnende, first-/third-person singular past indicative iwon, past participle iwunnen)

iwinþ (present singular third-person)
iwinnende (participle present)
iwon (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
iwunnen (participle past)


whone

(southern West Midlands) Alternative form of whenne


oniche

English: onyx

Scots: onix

From Old French oniche, from Latin onyx, from Ancient Greek ὄνυξ (ónux). Some forms directly from Latin.


iwinnen

iwinnen (third-person singular simple present iwinþ, present participle iwinnende, first-/third-person singular past indicative iwon, past participle iwonnen)

iwinþ (present singular third-person)
iwinnende (participle present)
iwon (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
iwonnen (participle past)
iwinnen (infinitive)
to iwinnen (infinitive)
iwinne (infinitive)
iwinne (first-person present singular)
iwan (first-person past singular)
iwon (first-person past singular)
iwinnest (present second-person singular)
iwonne (past second-person singular)
iwanne (past second-person singular)
iwan (past second-person singular)
iwon (past second-person singular)
iwinneth (present singular third-person)
iwan (past singular third-person)
iwon (past singular third-person)
iwinne (present singular subjunctive)
iwonne (past singular subjunctive)
iwanne (past singular subjunctive)
iwinne (imperative present singular)
iwinnen (plural present)
iwinne (plural present)
iwonnen (past plural)
iwonne (past plural)
iwannen (past plural)
iwanne (past plural)
iwinneth (imperative plural present)
iwinne (imperative plural present)
iwinnynge (participle present)
iwinnende (participle present)
iwonnen (participle past)
iwonne (participle past)

From Old English ġewinnan, from Proto-Germanic *gawinnaną; equivalent to i- + winnen.

to gain, get, acquire (money, love, honor)

(rare) to take (oneself, something) somewhere


ywenþ

third-person singular present of ywennan


whon

From Old English hwōn (adjective, adverb).


whon

English: whon

Scots: quheyn, wheen


iwone

From Old English ġewuna (ġe- + wuna), equivalent to i- + wone.


iwin

From Old English ġewinn, ġewin, from Proto-West Germanic *gawinn; equivalent to i- + win.


oonen

oonen (third-person singular simple present ooneth, present participle oonende, first-/third-person singular past indicative oonede, past participle iooned)

ooneth (present singular third-person)
oonende (participle present)
oonede (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
iooned (participle past)


hygh

head

hygh (comparative hygher, superlative hyghest)

hygher (comparative)
hyghest (superlative)


heyȝ

Alternative form of hien (“to go quickly”)


heyȝ

heyȝ (comparative heyȝer, superlative heyȝest)

heyȝer (comparative)
heyȝest (superlative)


heyn

English: hain

Scots: hain

From Old Norse. Compare Danish hegn, Icelandic hegna (“to punish”), Swedish hägna (“to enclose”).


heygh

heygh (comparative heygher, superlative heyghest)

heygher (comparative)
heyghest (superlative)


heygh

enm-verb

heygh (third-person singular simple present heygheth, present participle heyghende, heyghynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle heyghed)

heygheth (present singular third-person)
heyghende (participle present)
heyghynge (participle present)
heyghed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)


heyghe

head

heyghe (plural and weak singular heygher, comparative heyghest)

heygher (plural)
heygher (singular weak)
heyghest (comparative)


heyghe

heyghe (comparative heygher, superlative heyghest)


hegh

hegh (comparative hegher, superlative heghest)

hegher (comparative)
heghest (superlative)


heighe

heighe (comparative heigher, superlative heighest)

heigher (comparative)
heighest (superlative)

English: high

Scots: heich


heghe

heghe (comparative hegher, superlative heghest)


heghe

enm-verb

heghe (third-person singular simple present hegheth, present participle heghende, heghynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle heghed)

hegheth (present singular third-person)
heghende (participle present)
heghynge (participle present)
heghed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)


heghen

heghen (third-person singular simple present hegheth, present participle heghende, heghynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle heghed)

From heie (“hedge”) + -en (infinitival suffix).


heiȝ

head

heiȝ (comparative heiȝer, superlative heiȝest)

heiȝer (comparative)
heiȝest (superlative)


heiȝ

enm-verb

heiȝ (third-person singular simple present heiȝeth, present participle heiȝende, heiȝynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle heiȝed)

heiȝeth (present singular third-person)
heiȝende (participle present)
heiȝynge (participle present)
heiȝed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)


heȝe

head

heȝe (comparative heȝer, superlative heȝest)

heȝer (comparative)
heȝest (superlative)


heȝe

enm-verb

heȝe (third-person singular simple present heȝeth, present participle heȝende, heȝynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle heȝed)

heȝeth (present singular third-person)
heȝende (participle present)
heȝynge (participle present)
heȝed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)


heiȝe

head

heiȝe (comparative heiȝer, superlative heiȝest)


heiȝe

enm-verb

heiȝe (third-person singular simple present heiȝeth, present participle heiȝende, heiȝynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle heiȝed)


heiȝe

Alternative form of heien (“to lift up”)


heih

head

heih (comparative heiher, superlative heihest)

heiher (comparative)
heihest (superlative)


heiȝh

heiȝh (comparative heiȝher, superlative heiȝhest)

heiȝher (comparative)
heiȝhest (superlative)


eyrer

English: eyrer

Uncertain. Perhaps from ey, eyer (“egg(s)”). Or “eyre” to ride circuit.


heyer

Alternative form of eyrer (“female swan”)


harace

Alternative form of haras (“stud farm; herd of studs”)


hereas

Alternative form of hereos (“lovesickness”)


æten

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of eten


hereos

From Medieval Latin, a blend of hērōs (“demigod; hero”), herus (“master of the house”) and Ancient Greek ἔρως (érōs, “love”).

lovesickness: A malady of lovers induced by an excess of the humor melancholy.


doise

(Late Middle English) Alternative form of deis (“dais”)


thiȝe

Alternative spelling of þiȝe (“to consume”)


thyȝe

Alternative spelling of þyȝe (“to consume”)


þyȝe

Alternative form of þiggen (“to consume”)


þigh

English: thigh

Scots: thee


fordrenchen

English: fordrench (obsolete)

From Old English fordrenċan (“to make drunk, intoxicate”).

inh

(transitive) to get someone drunk; to make inebriated


thoombe

Alternative spelling of þoombe (“thumb”)


toumbeth

third-person singular present of toumbe (“to fall”)

third-person singular present of toumben (“to inter”)


toumbende

present participle of toumbe (“to fall”)

present participle of toumben (“to inter”)


toumbed

simple past/past participle of toumbe (“to fall”)

simple past/past participle of toumben (“to inter”)


towmbeth

third-person singular present of towmben (“to inter”)


tombende

present participle of tomben (“to inter”)


tombeth

third-person singular present of tomben (“to inter”)


towmbed

simple past/past participle of towmben (“to inter”)


toyme

(Northern) Alternative form of tome (“empty”)


attemed

simple past/participle participle of attemen (“to pierce”)


attemeth

third-person singular present of attemen (“to pierce”)


attemende

present participle of attemen (“to pierce”)


atameth

third-person singular present of atamen (“to train (an animal)”)


atamed

simple past/past participle of atamen (“to train (an animal)”)


towmbende

present participle of towmben (“to inter”)


atamende

present participle of atamen (“to train (an animal)”)


attameth

third-person singular present of attamen


attemen

enm-verb

attemen (third-person singular simple present attemeth, present participle attemende, attemynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle attemed)

attemeth (present singular third-person)
attemende (participle present)
attemynge (participle present)
attemed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)

Alternative form of attamen (“to pierce”)


attome

English: atom

Scots: atom

From Middle French athome, from Latin atomus (“smallest particle”), from Ancient Greek ἄτομος (átomos, “indivisible”).

der

atom (fifteen ninety-fourths of a second)


atamen

enm-verb

atamen (third-person singular simple present atameth, present participle atamende, atamynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle atamed)

atameth (present singular third-person)
atamende (participle present)
atamynge (participle present)
atamed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)

English: atame

a- + tame (“tame”) + -en (infinitival suffix)


heamen

From Old English *hǣman; equivalent to heme + -en (plural suffix).


hyeth

Alternative form of hythe (“port, haven”)


hyeth

third-person singular present of hyen (“to move quickly”)


hyth

Alternative form of hythe (“landing-place, port”)


hyth

Alternative form of hight: simple past/past participle of hoten


hydeth

third-person singular present of hyden (“to hide”)


hidde

simple past/past present of hiden (“to hide”)


hyden

enm-verb

hyden (third-person singular simple present hydeth, present participle hydende, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle hydde)

hydeth (present singular third-person)
hydende (participle present)
hydde (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)


hydde

simple past/past participle of hyden (“to hide”)


hidowes

Alternative form of hidous (“terrifying”)


hiedeth

third-person singular present of hied (“to hide”)


hyedeth

third-person singular present of hyed (“to hide”)


hyedde

simple past/past participle of hyed (“to hide”)


hiedde

simple past/past participle of hied (“to hide”)


hyede

hyede (third-person singular simple present hyedeth, present participle hyedende, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle hyedde)

hyedeth (present singular third-person)
hyedende (participle present)
hyedde (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)


hyede

Alternative form of hyed: simple past/past participle of hyen (“to move quickly”)


anientishen

anientishen (third-person singular simple present anientisheth, present participle anientishende, anientishynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle anientished)

anientisheth (present singular third-person)
anientishende (participle present)
anientishynge (participle present)
anientished (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
anientishen (infinitive)
to anientishen (infinitive)
anientishe (infinitive)
anientishe (first-person present singular)
anientished (first-person past singular)
anientishest (present second-person singular)
anientishedest (past second-person singular)
anientisheth (present singular third-person)
anientished (past singular third-person)
anientishe (present singular subjunctive)
anientished (past singular subjunctive)
anientishe (imperative present singular)
anientishen (plural present)
anientishe (plural present)
anientisheden (past plural)
anientishede (past plural)
anientisheth (imperative plural present)
anientishe (imperative plural present)
anientishynge (participle present)
anientishende (participle present)
anientished (participle past)
yanientished (participle past)

From Old French anientiss-, extended stem of anientir, aneantir; see anienten.


alym

English: alum

Scots: aum, awm, alm

From Anglo-Norman alum, alun, from Latin alūmen. Forms with a vocalism in -i- have parallels in some of the langues d' oïl.


frenged

English: fringed


fnæd

University of Michigan
w:University of Michigan

(Early Middle English, rare) border, fringe


stakyng

English: staking

From Old English stacung; equivalent to stake + -ing.


overeste

Ful thredbare was his overeste courtepy.


enchaunteresse

English: enchantress

From Old French enchanteresse; equivalent to enchauntour + -esse.


enchauntement

English: enchantment

From Old French enchantement; equivalent to enchaunten + -ment.


enchauntynge

English: enchanting


chauntement

English: chantment (archaic)


chauntur

Alternative form of chauntour (“chanter”)


chanteresse

Alternative form of chaunteresse (“enchantress”)


chaunteresses

plural of chaunteresse (“female leader of a choir”)


chauntresse

Alternative form of chaunteresse (“female leader of a choir”)


chauntynge

English: chanting


enchaunten

enchaunten (infinitive)
to enchaunten (infinitive)
enchaunte (infinitive)
enchaunte (first-person present singular)
enchaunted (first-person past singular)
enchauntest (present second-person singular)
enchauntedest (past second-person singular)
enchaunteth (present singular third-person)
enchaunted (past singular third-person)
enchaunte (present singular subjunctive)
enchaunted (past singular subjunctive)
enchaunte (imperative present singular)
enchaunten (plural present)
enchaunte (plural present)
enchaunteden (past plural)
enchauntede (past plural)
enchaunteth (imperative plural present)
enchaunte (imperative plural present)
enchauntynge (participle present)
enchauntende (participle present)
enchaunted (participle past)
yenchaunted (participle past)

English: enchant

Scots: enchant

From Old French enchanter; from Latin incantō; equivalent to en- + chaunten.

To enchant; to put under an enchantment.


chaunten

chaunten (infinitive)
to chaunten (infinitive)
chaunte (infinitive)
chaunte (first-person present singular)
chaunted (first-person past singular)
chauntest (present second-person singular)
chauntedest (past second-person singular)
chaunteth (present singular third-person)
chaunted (past singular third-person)
chaunte (present singular subjunctive)
chaunted (past singular subjunctive)
chaunte (imperative present singular)
chaunten (plural present)
chaunte (plural present)
chaunteden (past plural)
chauntede (past plural)
chaunteth (imperative plural present)
chaunte (imperative plural present)
chauntynge (participle present)
chauntende (participle present)
chaunted (participle past)
ychaunted (participle past)

English: chant

Scots: chant

From Old French chanter; from Latin cantāre.

To chant (to sing, especially in plainchant)


chauntour

English: chanter, chaunter

From Old French chanteor, from Latin cantor; equivalent to chaunten + -our.


chaunteresse

English: chantress

From Old French chanteresse; equivalent to chauntour + -esse.

A woman who participates or heads a choir.


seyd

He is none of tho ſaid the dwerf / but he is a kynges ſone / what is his name ſayd the reed knyght of the reed laund / that wille I not telle you ſeyd the dwerf / but ſire kay upon ſcorne named hym Beaumayns /

1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “Capitulum xiiij”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book VII, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC, leaf 118, recto; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC, page 235, lines 3–7:


relenten

relenten (infinitive)
to relenten (infinitive)
relente (infinitive)
relente (first-person present singular)
relented (first-person past singular)
relentest (present second-person singular)
relentedest (past second-person singular)
relenteth (present singular third-person)
relented (past singular third-person)
relente (present singular subjunctive)
relented (past singular subjunctive)
relente (imperative present singular)
relenten (plural present)
relente (plural present)
relenteden (past plural)
relentede (past plural)
relenteth (imperative plural present)
relente (imperative plural present)
relentynge (participle present)
relentende (participle present)
relented (participle past)
relent (participle past)
yrelented (participle past)

English: relent

From Anglo-Norman relentir, from Latin relentō.

To become more fluidous or dissolved; to melt.

To make more fluidous or dissolved; to cause to melt.


pewen

pewen (infinitive)
to pewen (infinitive)
pewe (infinitive)
pewe (first-person present singular)
pewed (first-person past singular)
pewest (present second-person singular)
pewedest (past second-person singular)
peweth (present singular third-person)
pewed (past singular third-person)
pewe (present singular subjunctive)
pewed (past singular subjunctive)
pewe (imperative present singular)
pewen (plural present)
pewe (plural present)
peweden (past plural)
pewede (past plural)
peweth (imperative plural present)
pewe (imperative plural present)
pewynge (participle present)
pewende (participle present)
pewed (participle past)
ypewed (participle past)

desc

via <i class="Latn mention" lang="enm">pewlynge</i>

Yola: poumgaam, pouingaan (via pewlynge)

(Late Middle English, hapax) to cry plaintively (of a kite)


jugge

English: jug

Unknown, perhaps a variant of jubbe or from Old English ċēac. See English jug for more.

(Late Middle English, hapax) A container for liquor.


dræm

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of drem


dreeme

(Late Middle English) Alternative form of drem


dreomen

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of dremen


dremere

English: dreamer

From drem + -er; compare Old English drēamere (“musician”).

A person who experiences prophetic dreams.

(rare) A person who takes flights of fancy.


dremen

enm-verb

dremen (third-person singular simple present dremeth, present participle dremynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative dremte, past participle dremt)

dremeth (present singular third-person)
dremynge (participle present)
dremte (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
dremt (participle past)
dremen (infinitive)
to dremen (infinitive)
dreme (infinitive)
dreme (first-person present singular)
drempte (first-person past singular)
dremed (first-person past singular)
dremest (present second-person singular)
dremptest (past second-person singular)
dremedest (past second-person singular)
dremeth (present singular third-person)
drempte (past singular third-person)
dremed (past singular third-person)
dreme (present singular subjunctive)
drempte (past singular subjunctive)
dremed (past singular subjunctive)
dreme (imperative present singular)
dremen (plural present)
dreme (plural present)
drempten (past plural)
drempte (past plural)
dremeden (past plural)
dremede (past plural)
dremeth (imperative plural present)
dreme (imperative plural present)
dremynge (participle present)
dremende (participle present)
drempt (participle past)
dremed (participle past)
ydrempt (participle past)
ydremed (participle past)

English: dream

From Old English drēman, Anglian form of drīeman, from Proto-West Germanic *draumijan, from Proto-Germanic *draumijaną; equivalent to drem + -en (infinitival suffix). Forms with /ɛː/ are influenced by the noun.

(rare) To reverberate (of musical instruments)


suefen

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of sweven


swevenyng

English: swevening (obsolete)


swevenen

swevenen (infinitive)
to swevenen (infinitive)
swevene (infinitive)
swevene (first-person present singular)
swevened (first-person past singular)
swevenest (present second-person singular)
swevenedest (past second-person singular)
sweveneth (present singular third-person)
swevened (past singular third-person)
swevene (present singular subjunctive)
swevened (past singular subjunctive)
swevene (imperative present singular)
swevenen (plural present)
swevene (plural present)
sweveneden (past plural)
swevenede (past plural)
sweveneth (imperative plural present)
swevene (imperative plural present)
swevenynge (participle present)
swevenende (participle present)
swevened (participle past)
yswevened (participle past)

From Old English swefnian; equivalent to sweven + -en (infinitival suffix).


comaundable

English: commandable


recomaunden

recomaunden (third-person singular simple present recomaundeth, present participle recomaundende, recomaundynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle recomaunded)

recomaundeth (present singular third-person)
recomaundende (participle present)
recomaundynge (participle present)
recomaunded (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
recomaunden (infinitive)
to recomaunden (infinitive)
recomaunde (infinitive)
recomaunde (first-person present singular)
recomaunded (first-person past singular)
recomaundest (present second-person singular)
recomaundedest (past second-person singular)
recomaundeth (present singular third-person)
recomaunded (past singular third-person)
recomaunde (present singular subjunctive)
recomaunded (past singular subjunctive)
recomaunde (imperative present singular)
recomaunden (plural present)
recomaunde (plural present)
recomaundeden (past plural)
recomaundede (past plural)
recomaundeth (imperative plural present)
recomaunde (imperative plural present)
recomaundynge (participle present)
recomaundende (participle present)
recomaunded (participle past)
yrecomaunded (participle past)

From Old French recomander; equivalent to re- + comaunden and a doublet of recommenden.

To mention to another (positively); to recommend.

To entrust someone or something to another's care, improvement, etc.


comaunde

A back-formation from comaunden; modern English command (noun) is a parallel formation rather than a direct continuation.


emeroides

desc

English: hemorrhoids, haemorrhoids, emerods

From Old French emorroides, from Latin haemorrhoidae, from Ancient Greek αἱμορροΐς (haimorrhoḯs).


endowement

English: endowment


comaundour

English: commander

From Old French comandeor; equivalent to comaunden + -our.


comaundement

English: commandment

From Old French comandement; equivalent to comaunden + -ment.

foꝛ þis is þe charite of god .· þat we kepe hiſe comaundementis / ⁊ his maundementis ben not heuy.

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Joon ·i· 5:3, page 115v, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

Now this is the love of God: us keeping his commandments. And his commandments aren't onerous.


sauvement

Alternative form of savement (“salvation”)


forstage

English: forestage


stagge

English: stag

Scots: steg, staig

From Old English stagga, stacga (“a stag”), from Proto-Germanic *staggijô, *staggijaz (“male, male deer, porcupine”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *stegʰ-, *stengʰ-. Some forms influenced by the cognate Old Norse steggi, steggr.


staunce

English: stance


suffren

suffren (infinitive)
to suffren (infinitive)
suffre (infinitive)
suffre (first-person present singular)
suffred (first-person past singular)
suffrest (present second-person singular)
suffredest (past second-person singular)
suffreth (present singular third-person)
suffred (past singular third-person)
suffre (present singular subjunctive)
suffred (past singular subjunctive)
suffre (imperative present singular)
suffren (plural present)
suffre (plural present)
suffreden (past plural)
suffrede (past plural)
suffreth (imperative plural present)
suffre (imperative plural present)
suffrynge (participle present)
suffrende (participle present)
suffred (participle past)
ysuffred (participle past)

English: suffer


commendaciun

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of commendacioun


commendacioun

English: commendation

From Old French commendacion, from Latin commendātiō; equivalent to commenden + -acioun.

Commendation, extolling; the bestowing of praise.

The Christian ceremony where one is commended to God after death.


recommendacioun

English: recommendation

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman recomendacion; equivalent to recommenden + -acioun.

bor+

Recommending or extolling oneself to another.

Sending or consignment to another's care.


commendynge

English: commending


commenden

commenden (infinitive)
to commenden (infinitive)
commende (infinitive)
commende (first-person present singular)
commended (first-person past singular)
commende (first-person past singular)
commendest (present second-person singular)
commendedest (past second-person singular)
commendest (past second-person singular)
commendeth (present singular third-person)
commended (past singular third-person)
commende (past singular third-person)
commende (present singular subjunctive)
commended (past singular subjunctive)
commende (past singular subjunctive)
commende (imperative present singular)
commenden (plural present)
commende (plural present)
commendeden (past plural)
commendede (past plural)
commenden (past plural)
commende (past plural)
commendeth (imperative plural present)
commende (imperative plural present)
commendynge (participle present)
commendende (participle present)
commended (participle past)
commend (participle past)
ycommended (participle past)
ycommend (participle past)

English: commend

Scots: commend

From Old French comender, from Latin commendō; doublet of comaunden.

To recommend, commend or laud (someone or something)

To place someone under another's protection or authority.

(rare) To grant to someone for protection.


recommenden

enm-verb

recommenden (third-person singular simple present recommendeth, present participle recommendende, recommendynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle recommended)

recommendeth (present singular third-person)
recommendende (participle present)
recommendynge (participle present)
recommended (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
recommenden (infinitive)
to recommenden (infinitive)
recommende (infinitive)
recommende (first-person present singular)
recommended (first-person past singular)
recommende (first-person past singular)
recommendest (present second-person singular)
recommendedest (past second-person singular)
recommendest (past second-person singular)
recommendeth (present singular third-person)
recommended (past singular third-person)
recommende (past singular third-person)
recommende (present singular subjunctive)
recommended (past singular subjunctive)
recommende (past singular subjunctive)
recommende (imperative present singular)
recommenden (plural present)
recommende (plural present)
recommendeden (past plural)
recommendede (past plural)
recommenden (past plural)
recommende (past plural)
recommendeth (imperative plural present)
recommende (imperative plural present)
recommendynge (participle present)
recommendende (participle present)
recommended (participle past)
recommend (participle past)
yrecommended (participle past)
yrecommend (participle past)

English: recommend

Scots: recommend

From Anglo-Norman recommender; equivalent to re- + commenden and a doublet of recomaunden.

To entrust oneself to another's care, improvement, etc.

To recommend (oneself, something, or someone)

To praise or commend (oneself, something, or someone)


maundement

English: mandement, mandment (obsolete)

The entirety of a religion's law or strictures.

A rule which forms part of a religion's strictures.

A directive or order (especially a governmental or legal one)


supplien

supplien (infinitive)
to supplien (infinitive)
supplie (infinitive)
supplie (first-person present singular)
supplied (first-person past singular)
suppliest (present second-person singular)
suppliedest (past second-person singular)
supplieth (present singular third-person)
supplied (past singular third-person)
supplie (present singular subjunctive)
supplied (past singular subjunctive)
supplie (imperative present singular)
supplien (plural present)
supplie (plural present)
supplieden (past plural)
suppliede (past plural)
supplieth (imperative plural present)
supplie (imperative plural present)
suppliynge (participle present)
suppliende (participle present)
supplied (participle past)
ysupplied (participle past)

English: supply


surveyen

surveyen (infinitive)
to surveyen (infinitive)
surveye (infinitive)
surveye (first-person present singular)
surveyed (first-person past singular)
surveyest (present second-person singular)
surveyedest (past second-person singular)
surveyeth (present singular third-person)
surveyed (past singular third-person)
surveye (present singular subjunctive)
surveyed (past singular subjunctive)
surveye (imperative present singular)
surveyen (plural present)
surveye (plural present)
surveyeden (past plural)
surveyede (past plural)
surveyeth (imperative plural present)
surveye (imperative plural present)
surveyynge (participle present)
surveyende (participle present)
surveyed (participle past)
ysurveyed (participle past)

English: survey

(rare, Late Middle English) To examine carefully; to oversee.


amounten

amounten (infinitive)
to amounten (infinitive)
amounte (infinitive)
amounte (first-person present singular)
amounted (first-person past singular)
amountest (present second-person singular)
amountedest (past second-person singular)
amounteth (present singular third-person)
amounted (past singular third-person)
amounte (present singular subjunctive)
amounted (past singular subjunctive)
amounte (imperative present singular)
amounten (plural present)
amounte (plural present)
amounteden (past plural)
amountede (past plural)
amounteth (imperative plural present)
amounte (imperative plural present)
amountynge (participle present)
amountende (participle present)
amounted (participle past)
yamounted (participle past)

English: amount

Borrowed from Old French amonter; equivalent to a- + mounten.


undedlichnesse

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of undedlynesse


whæm

Early Middle English from Old English hwamm, from Proto-Germanic *hwammaz.


whæm

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of whom (“who, whom”, accusative)


boodword

(Late Middle English) Alternative form of bodeword


weord

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of word


mysword

English: misword


wytword

a statement which bears witness to something; testament; covenant


wacche word

English: watchword


bodeword

Calque of Old Norse boðorð; equivalent to bod + word.

commandment, directive (especially divine)

A, lord! pardon me, Wyth thy leyf, / that lynage luffis me noght; / Gladly thay Wold me greyf, / if I sych bodworde broght.

15th c., “Pharao [Pharaoh]”, in Wakefield Mystery Plays; Re-edited in George England, Alfred W. Pollard, editors, The Towneley Plays (Early English Text Society Extra Series; LXXI), London: […] Oxford University Press, 1897, →OCLC, page 69, lines 141–145:

Ah, Lord! Pardon me, by your leave. That bloodline does not love me; they would gladly hurt me if I brought such news


-ill

Alternative form of -el (“agentive suffix”)


pibel

English: pebble

Scots: peeble

A pebble used as a missile or projectile.


pibleston

English: pebblestone

From Old English papol-stān; equivalent to pibel + ston.


pebylle

Alternative spelling of pibel (“pebble”)


de Stafford

From Anglo-Norman de Stafford, from Middle English Stafford.

a habitational surname from Anglo-Norman.; Alternative form of Stafford


frið

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of frith (“peace”)


de la Pole

From Norman de la Pole, from Middle English Pole.


esquaymous

Many one are so daungerous and oute of mesure esquaymous


hoale

Alternative form of hole (“healthy, whole”)


hawys

Alternative form of hals (“neck, throat”)


holgh

English: hollow

Scots: hallae

From Old English holh, from Proto-West Germanic *holh, from Proto-Germanic *hulhwą, from Proto-Germanic *hulhwaz (“hollow”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover, hide”). Related to Proto-Germanic *hulwiją.


hallesyn

Alternative form of halsen (“to embrace, caress”)


halsiȝe

Alternative form of halsen (“to beseech”)


ihalset

past participle of halsen (“to beseech”)


halsnen

English: halsen


hæil

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of heil (“healthy, sound”)


hailen

Alternative form of heilen (“to greet with "hail!"”)


hailen

Alternative form of halen (“to drag, pull”)


haȝel

(chiefly Early Middle English) Alternative form of hayle (“hail”)


whayle

(Late Middle English) Alternative form of heil (“healthy, sound”)


heleþ

third-person singular plural indicative of helen (“to heal”)


hilede

Alternative form of hiled: past participle of hilen (“to cover”)


hilte

English: hilt

Scots: hilt

From Old English hilt, from Proto-Germanic *heltą (“handle, hilt”).


wunlic

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of wynly (adjective)


wynsome

inflection of wynsom:
strong/weak plural


wunliche

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of wynly (adverb)


winberien

From Old English winberian; equivalent to winberie + -en (plural suffix).


wynsom

head

wynsom (plural and weak singular wynsome)

wynsome (plural)
wynsome (singular weak)

English: winsome

Scots: wunsome, winsome

Inherited from Old English wynsum, from Proto-West Germanic *wunnjusam (“joyful”); equivalent to wynne (“happiness”) + -som.


wynly

English: winly (obsolete)

Inherited from Old English wynlīċ (adjective), from Proto-West Germanic *wunilīk, from Proto-Germanic *wunilīkaz (“joyous”); equivalent to wynne (“happiness”) + -ly (adjectival suffix).


wynly

English: winly (obsolete)

Inherited from Old English wynlīċe; equivalent to wynne (“happiness”) + -ly (adverbial suffix).

(rare, Late Middle English) easily (with ease)


winnien

(Southern, south West Midlands) Alternative form of winnen (“to win”)


wynnye

(Southern) Alternative form of winnen (“to win”)


nawiht

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of nought


bywynne

Alternative form of biwinnen (“to conquer”)


slæpen

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of slepen (“to sleep”)


wynnere

English: winner


sleap

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of slepe


wynnyng

English: winning

gain, acquiring, accession:
profit, earnings

gain, acquiring, accession:
spoils, loot, prize


biwinnen

biwinnen (infinitive)
to biwinnen (infinitive)
biwinne (infinitive)
biwinne (first-person present singular)
biwan (first-person past singular)
biwon (first-person past singular)
biwinnest (present second-person singular)
biwonne (past second-person singular)
biwanne (past second-person singular)
biwan (past second-person singular)
biwon (past second-person singular)
biwinneth (present singular third-person)
biwan (past singular third-person)
biwon (past singular third-person)
biwinne (present singular subjunctive)
biwonne (past singular subjunctive)
biwanne (past singular subjunctive)
biwinne (imperative present singular)
biwinnen (plural present)
biwinne (plural present)
biwonnen (past plural)
biwonne (past plural)
biwannen (past plural)
biwanne (past plural)
biwinneth (imperative plural present)
biwinne (imperative plural present)
biwinnynge (participle present)
biwinnende (participle present)
biwonnen (participle past)
biwonne (participle past)

to subjugate, conquer (a castle, a country); to capture someone

(rare) to acquire, get, earn (money, wisdom, love, etc.)


awinnen

awinnen (infinitive)
to awinnen (infinitive)
awinne (infinitive)
awinne (first-person present singular)
awan (first-person past singular)
awon (first-person past singular)
awinnest (present second-person singular)
awonne (past second-person singular)
awanne (past second-person singular)
awan (past second-person singular)
awon (past second-person singular)
awinneth (present singular third-person)
awan (past singular third-person)
awon (past singular third-person)
awinne (present singular subjunctive)
awonne (past singular subjunctive)
awanne (past singular subjunctive)
awinne (imperative present singular)
awinnen (plural present)
awinne (plural present)
awonnen (past plural)
awonne (past plural)
awannen (past plural)
awanne (past plural)
awinneth (imperative plural present)
awinne (imperative plural present)
awinnynge (participle present)
awinnende (participle present)
awonnen (participle past)
awonne (participle past)

From Old English āwinnan; equivalent to a- + winnen.

to subjugate, conquer (a castle, a country)


viniterie

English: vintry


winȝeard

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of vyneȝerd


vynour

English: viner (obsolete)

Borrowed from Old French vignor; equivalent to vine + -our.


vyne

Alternative form of vine (“siege engine”)


viniter

Borrowed from Old French vineter, vinetier (“wine-merchant, grape-harvester”), from Medieval Latin vīnētārius (“wine dealer”). Compare vyntener.


vyntener

English: vintner

A variant of viniter, from Old French vineter, vinetier (“wine-merchant, grape-harvester”), from Medieval Latin vīnētārius (“wine dealer”).


vynolent

English: vinolent

In wommen vinolent is no defence / Þis knowen lecchours by experience

a. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Wife of Bath's Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, lines 467–468:

In drunk women there isn't any defence; / Lechers know this through experience.


vyne-tre

English: vinetree, winetree

From Old English wīntrēow, from Proto-Germanic *wīnatrewą; sometimes remodeled after vine + tre.


vyneȝerd

English: vineyard

Scots: vinyaird

From Old English wīnġeard, from Proto-Germanic *wīnagardaz; remodeled after vine + yerd.


vyny

From Old French vinie, a variation of vigne (whence vine, of identical meaning).


wiðerwine

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of wiþerwine


wiðerwinnen

(Early Middle English) plural of wiþerwine


vynet

From Old French vignette; equivalent to vine + -et. Compare English vignette.

An ornamental depiction of vines (on buildings or books).


wyen

(Northern) Alternative form of wyn (“wine”)


wyny

English: winy, winey


wyndronken

English: winedrunken, winedrunk

From Old English wīndruncen, from Proto-Germanic *wīnadrunkanaz; equivalent to wyn + drunken.


wiþerwine

enm-noun

wiþerwine (plural wiþerwines or (early) wiðerwinnen)

wiþerwines (plural)
wiðerwinnen (plural)

English: witherwin

From Old English wiþerwinna; equivalent to wither- + winnen.

c. 1480, St. Mary Magdalen 246 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 263

How þe ded he tholyt syne, to safe ws fra þe wethirwyne.


wyndrawer

From wyn (“wine”) + drawer (“transporter”).


dysserte

Alternative form of desert (“wilderness”)


paraf

English: paraph

Borrowed from Medieval Latin paraphus or its etymon, Middle French paraffe, paraphe, shortening of paragraphe.


botche

English: botch

Therfor Sathan ȝede out fro the face of the Lord, and smoot Joob with `a ful wickid botche fro the sole of the foot `til to his top;

c. 1382–1395, John Wycliffe [et al.], edited by Josiah Forshall and Frederic Madden, The Holy Bible, […], volume II, Oxford: At the University Press, published 1850, →OCLC, Job II:7, page 675, column 2:

Therefore Satan went out from the presence of the Lord, and struck Job with awful boils from the sole of his foot to the top of his head;

botch, a case or outbreak of boils or sores.


mersc

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of merssh


tryce

[…] by god I [Fortune] am to nyce / To ſet a man, that is fulfylled of vyce / In hye degre, and an emperour hym call / By God out of hys ſete I woll him tryce / when he leſt weneth, ſonest ſhall he fall.

1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Monkes Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC, folio xcii, recto, Nero, column 2: