hund

From Old English hund (“hundred”), from Proto-Germanic *hundą.


quarter

English: quarter

Scots: quarter, corter

Yola: curthere, cortere

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman quarter, from Latin quartārius.

A quarter (fourth part of something):
A quarter of a whole chicken.

One of the four divisions of the earth or sky.

A quarter (fourth part of something):
One of the moon's four phases.


sixty

English: sixty

Scots: sexty, saxty

From Old English sixtiġ, from Proto-Germanic *sehs tigiwiz; equivalent to six + -ty.


seventy

English: seventy

Scots: seiventy

From Old English seofontiġ, alteration of hundseofontiġ, itself a modification of Proto-Germanic *sebuntēhundą; equivalent to seven + -ty.


ten

English: ten

Scots: ten

Yola: dhen


twelve

English: twelve

Scots: twal, twol (obsolete twelf, twalf, tuelf)

From inflected froms of Old English twelf, from Proto-West Germanic *twalif, in turn from Proto-Germanic *twalif.


six

English: six

Sranan Tongo: siksi

Aukan: siksi

→ Wayana: siksi

Saramaccan: sigisi

Scots: sax, sex, six

Yola: zeese

From Old English six, from Proto-West Germanic *sehs, from Proto-Germanic *sehs, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs.


five

English: five

Scots: five, fif, fife, fyve

Yola: veeve

From Old English fīf, from Proto-West Germanic *fimf, from Proto-Germanic *fimf, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.
Though Old English fīf was usually indeclinable, inflected forms of it are far from unknown. Forms with final -v- originate from intervocalic voicing in these inflected forms.


fifty

English: fifty

Scots: fifty, fyfty

From Old English fīftiġ, from Proto-Germanic *fimf tigiwiz; equivalent to five + -ty.


four

English: four

Geordie English: fower

Scots: fower

Yola: vour, voure, vowre

⁊ lo a pale hoꝛs .· and þe name was deþ to him þat ſat on hym and helle ſuede him / and power was ȝouen to him on foure partis of þe erþe .· to ſle with ſwerd / ⁊ wiþ hungur / ⁊ wiþ deþ / ⁊ wiþ beeſtis of þe erþe

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 6:8, page 119r, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

And lo! A pale horse, and the name was Death for who that sat on him, and hell trailed him. And power was given to him over four parts of the earth, to slay with sword, and with hunger, and with death, and with the earth's creatures.

University of Michigan
w:University of Michigan


two

desctree

English: two, twain (dated), twey (archaic)
Solombala English: ту (tu)

Geordie English: twe

Scots: twa, twae

From Old English twā, feminine of twēġen.

Gif tƿa men oþer ·iii· coman ridend to an tun · al þe tunſcipe flugæn foꝛ heom. ƿenden ð hi ƿæron ræuereſ.

p. 1154, “AD 1137”, in Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (MS. Laud Misc. 636, continuation), Peterborough, folio 89, verso; republished at Oxford: Digital Bodleian, 2018 February 8:

If two or three men came riding into a town, the whole town ran away from them, concluding that they were robbers.


twenty

English: twenty
Tok Pisin: twenti

Scots: twinty, twenty, tuenty

Yola: dwanty

From Old English twēntiġ, from Proto-Germanic *twai tigiwiz; equivalent to twei + -ty.

At nyght was come into that hostelrye
Wel nyne and twenty in a compaignye

c. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, General Prologue, lines 23–24:

There came at nightfall to that hostelry
Some nine and twenty in a company


hundred

English: hundred
→ Hawaiian: haneli, hanele, haneri

Scots: hunder, hunner

desc

Yola: hindreth, hundreth, hundereth, hunderth, hunnert

From Old English hundred, from Proto-West Germanic *hundarad, from Proto-Germanic *hundaradą (“hundred”); some forms are remodelled on Old Norse hundrað.

[Þ]au pilatuſ him come wid ten hu[n]dꝛed cniſteſ. / yet ic wolde louerd foꝛ þi loue fiſte.

c. 1275, Judas (Roud 2964, Child Ballad 23, Trinity College MS. B.14.39), folio 34, recto, lines 34-35; republished at Cambridge: Wren Digital Library (Trinity College), 2019 May 29:

"If Pilate himself came with ten hundred knights, / Lord, I would still fight for your sake."


hundred

English: hundred


hundred

English: hundredth

A combination of specialised use of the cardinal and hundred (“hundred”) + -the (ordinal suffix).


not

English: not

Scots: nat (obsolete)

Reduction of nought (from Old English nāwiht, nōwiht).


oo

Scots: ae

Yola: o

Forſoþe þe erþe was of oo lip, and of þe ſame wordis.

c. 1384, John Wycliffe, Wycliffe's Bible (translation from the Vulgate), Genesis 11:1:

Truly the earth was of one tongue, and of the same words.


oo

Scots: ae


oo

A rendering of Ancient Greek ὦ (ô, interjection).


twofold

English: twofold

A remodelling of twifold after two + -fold.


tithe

English: tithe (obsolete)

Inherited from Old English tēoþa, teogoþa, from Proto-West Germanic *tehundō, *tegundō, from Proto-Germanic *tehundô, *tegundô; equivalent to ten + -the (ordinal suffix); compare tenthe.


tithe

English: tithe

Scots: teith (obsolete)

One of ten equal parts of a whole; a tenth.

A tithe; a tenth of one's income given to clergy.


ones

English: once

desc

Scots: ance, aince, eence, anes, anis, yance, yence, yince, yinst, wance, wanst

Yola: oanes

From Old English ānes, a modification of ǣnes (“once”) after ān (“one”, Middle English oon). Compare enes (“once”), from the unmodified Old English form.


nought

English: nought, naught

Scots: nocht

From Old English nāwiht, nōwiht, from Proto-West Germanic *naiwwiht; equivalent to ne + ought.


oon

From Old English ān, from Proto-West Germanic *ain, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *óynos. Compare an, oo.

Almihti godd· feader· ſune· hali gaſt· aſ ȝe beoð ϸreo an godd: alſƿa ȝe beoð an mihte· an ƿiſdom· ⁊ an luue[…]

c. 1225, “Introduction”, in Ancrene Ƿiſſe (MS. Corpus Christi 402), Herefordshire, published c. 1235, folios 6, verso – 7, recto; republished at Cambridge: Parker Library on the Web, 2018 January 5:

Almighty God: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, as both three and one, while being one Might, one Wisdom, and one Love […]

And but ye do / c[er]teyn we shal yow teche / that it is fair / to han a wyf in pees / Oon of vs two / moſte bowen doutelees

1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “The Prologe of the Tale of the Wẏf of Bathe”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 63, verso, lines 438-440:

And unless you do, we'll certainly teach you / that it's fair to have a wife in peace; / one of the two of us must without doubt submit.


oon

English: one, an, a, yan (dialectal)

Geordie English: yen

Scots: ane, wan, yin, ae

Yola: oan, own, ane


secunde

English: second

Scots: seicont

From Old French seconde, from Medieval Latin secunda.

A unit of time equal to a sixtieth of a (horological) minute.


sixte

English: sixth

Scots: saxt, sext, sixt

From Old English sixta, from Proto-West Germanic *sehstō, from Proto-Germanic *sehstô.
Equivalent to six + -the (ordinal suffix), which some forms are remodeled on; though this is rare in Middle English, unlike than in fifte. Forms with -st- are from the Old English variant sesta.


sixte

English: sixth (confer obsolete sixt)

Scots: sixt, sext, saxt

(rare) A musical sixth; a note a sixth away from another given note.


fourty

English: forty

Yola: vorty

From Old English fēowertiġ, from Proto-Germanic *fedwōr tigiwiz; equivalent to four + -ty.


ene

From Old English ǣne, originally the instrumental singular of ān (“one”).


fifte

English: fifth

Scots: fift, fyft

From Old English fīfta, from Proto-West Germanic *fimftō, from Proto-Germanic *fimftô. Equivalent to five + -the (ordinal suffix), which some forms are remodeled on.


secundarie

English: secondary

From Latin secundārius; equivalent to secunde + -arie.

(rare) Non-original; deriving from another thing or cause.


twifold

English: twifold (archaic)

Inherited from Old English twifeald, from Proto-West Germanic *twifald, from Proto-Germanic *twifaldaz; compare twofold.


tweyfold

head

tweyfold (plural and weak singular tweyfolde)

tweyfolde (plural)
tweyfolde (singular weak)

A remodelling of twifold after twei + -fold.


ferthe

English: fourth

Scots: fourt

Yola: vourthe

From Old English fēorþa, fēowerþa; equivalent to and often remodelled after four + -the (ordinal suffix).

⁊ þe firſte beeſte .· liyk a lioun / ⁊ þe ſecounde beeſte .· lijk a calf / ⁊ þe þꝛidde beeſte .· hauynge a face as of a man / ⁊ þe fourþe beeſte .· liyk an egle fleynge

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 4:7, page 118v, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

And the first beast [was] like a lion; and the second beast [was] like a calf; and the third beast had a face like a human; and the fourth beast [was] like an eagle flying.

Swiche manere wordes hadde we on honde / Now wol I ſpeken of my fourthe houſbonde.

a. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Wife of Bath's Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, lines 451–452:

Those kinds of words we had on hand / Now I'll speak of my fourth husband.


ferthe

English: fourth

Scots: fourt

One of four equal parts of a whole; a fourth.


thridde

English: third

Scots: thrid

From Old English þridda, from Proto-West Germanic *þriddjō, from Proto-Germanic *þridjô.


thre

English: three

Scots: three, threi, shrei, hrei

Yola: dhree, dhrie, dree

From Old English þrīe, þrī, þrēo, from Proto-West Germanic *þrīʀ, from Proto-Germanic *þrīz, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.


thrittene

q

dialectal <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">throtteen</i>

English: thirteen (dialectal throtteen)

desc

Middle Scots: thertene, therttene, threttein, thretteine, thretten, threttene

Scots: thirteen

Yola: dhurteen

From Anglian Old English þreotēne (compare West Saxon þreotīene), from Proto-Germanic *þritehun; equivalent to thre + -tene.

'My lord,' quod he, 'whan that the weder is fair,
With-outen wind or perturbinge of air,
Lat bringe a cartwheel here in-to this halle,
But loke that it have his spokes alle.
Twelf spokes hath a cartwheel comunly.
And bring me than twelf freres, woot ye why?
For thrittene is a covent, as I gesse.[']

1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, "The Somnour's Tale", in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; Rev. Walter W. Skeat, editor, The Complete Works of Geoffrey Chaucer, Vol. 4, Second Edition, Oxford at the Clarendon Press: Humphrey Milford, 1900, →OCLC, lines 2253–2261 (547–553)

"My lord," he said, "When the weather is good, and there is no wind or perturbations in the air, let a cart-wheel be brought into this hall, but ensure that it has all its spokes: a cart-wheel has twelve spokes, commonly. And bring me then twelve friars, do you know why? Because a thirteen's a convent, as I estimate.


nyne

English: nine

Scots: nine, neen, nyn, nyne

Yola: neen

From inflected forms of Old English nigon, from Proto-West Germanic *nigun, variant of *neun, in turn from Proto-Germanic *newun, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥.


thrie

From Old English þreowa, from Proto-West Germanic *þriwō; compare twie.

Stille þou be peter. Wel i þe icnowe. / þou wolt fur ſake me þrien. ar þe coc him crowe.

c. 1275, Judas (Roud 2964, Child Ballad 23, Trinity College MS. B.14.39), folio 34, recto, lines 36-37; republished at Cambridge: Wren Digital Library (Trinity College), 2019 May 29:

"Quiet now, Peter. I know you well; / You'll forsake me three times when the cock crows."


digit

English: digit


eighte

English: eight

Sranan Tongo: aiti

Scots: echt, aucht

Yola: ayght, aught

From Old English eahta, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.
The form /ˈɛi̯xt(ə)/, showing the West Midland and Kentish dialectal development of OE /æ/ (< /æ͜ɑ/) to /ɛ/ (instead of usual /a/), unexpectedly predominates in Middle English.


oonly

English: only

Scots: anely

From Old English ānlīċ, a form of ǣnlīċ; equivalent to oon + -ly.


elleven

English: eleven

Middle Scots: ane-levin, alevin, ellevin, elevin, levin

Scots: eleiven, eleeven

From Old English endleofan, from Proto-West Germanic *ainalif, in turn from Proto-Germanic *ainalif; forms with final /ə/ are from Old English inflected forms.
The shift of primary stress from the first to the second syllable is unexpected.


secundarili

English: secondarily

(rare) Secondarily; with lesser importance or power.


seventene

English: seventeen

Scots: seiventeen

Yola: zeventeen

From Anglian Old English seofontēne (compare West Saxon seofontīene), from Proto-Germanic *sebuntehun. Equivalent to seven + -tene.


fiftene

English: fifteen

Yola: vifteen

From Anglian Old English fīftēne (compare West Saxon fīftīene), from Proto-Germanic *fimftehun; equivalent to five + -tene.


fourtene

English: fourteen

Scots: fowerteen

Yola: vourteen

From Anglian Old English fēowertēne (compare West Saxon fēowertīene), from Proto-Germanic *fedurtehun; equivalent to four + -tene.


sevenyght

English: sevennight, sennight


sixtene

English: sixteen

Scots: saxteen

From Anglian Old English sixtēne (compare West Saxon siextīene), from Proto-Germanic *sehstehun; equivalent to six + -tene.


nynetene

English: nineteen

Scots: nineteen

Yola: neenteen

From Anglian Old English niġontēne (compare West Saxon niġontīene), from Proto-Germanic *newuntehun. Equivalent to nyne + -tene.


eiȝtthe

English: eighth

Scots: echt

From Old English eahtoþa, from Proto-Germanic *ahtudô; equivalent to eighte + -the (ordinal suffix).

The title of the hundrid and eiȝtthe ſalm. To victorye, the ſalm of Dauid. / God, holde thou not ſtille my preiſyng; for the mouth of the ſynner, and the mouth of the gileful man is openyd on me. / Thei ſpaken ayens me with a gileful tunge, and thei cumpassiden me with wordis of hatrede; and fouȝten ayens me with out cauſe.

a. 1382, John Wycliffe, “Psalms 108:1-3”, in Wycliffe's Bible:

The title of the one hundred and eighth psalm: "To Victory; the Psalm of David". / God; don't hold still my praising, as the mouths of the sinners and the mouths of the guilty have opened against me. / They spoke against me with a guilty tongue, they acted against me with words of hatred, and they fought against me without justification.


nynthe

English: ninth

Scots: nint, ninte, nyint, nynt, nynte

Inherited from Old English niġoþa, from Proto-West Germanic *neundō, from Proto-Germanic *newundô; equivalent to and often remodelled after nyne + -the (ordinal suffix).

The `title of the hundrid and nynthe ſalm. `The ſalm of Dauith. The Lord ſeide to my Lord; Sitte thou on my riȝt side. Til Y putte thin enemyes; a ſtool of thi feet. / The Lord ſchal ſende out fro Syon the yerde of thi vertu; be thou lord in the myddis of thin enemyes. / The bigynnyng is with thee in the dai of thi vertu, in the briȝtnessis of ſeyntis; Y gendride thee of the wombe before the dai ſterre.

The title of the one hundred and ninth psalm: "The Psalm of David". The Lord said to my lord: "Sit on my right side, until I place your enemies at your feet as a stool." / "The Lord will send out from Zion the staff of your power; rule as lord in the middle of your enemies." / "The beginning is with you in the day of your might, and in the glory of saints; I engendered you in the womb before the day star."


nynthe

English: ninth

Scots: nint

One of nine equal parts of a whole; a ninth.


seventhe

English: seventh

Scots: seevent

/ˈsɛːvəð(ə)/

From Old English seofoþa, seofunda; equivalent to and often remodelled after seven + -the (ordinal suffix).


seventhe

English: seventh

Scots: seevent

/ˈsɛːvəð(ə)/

One of seven equal parts of a whole; a seventh.


sevenefold

English: sevenfold

Scots: sevinfald (obsolete)

From Old English seofonfeald; equivalent to seven + -fold.

And the Lord ſeide to hym, It ſchal not be don ſo, but ech man that ſchal ſlee Cayn ſhal be punyschid ſeuenfold. And the Lord ſettide a signe in Cayn, that ech man that ſchulde fynde hym ſchulde not ſlee hym.

a. 1382, John Wycliffe, “Genesis 4:15”, in Wycliffe's Bible:

And the Lord said to him: "That won't be done, as anyone who would kill Cain will be punished sevenfold". And the Lord put a sign on Cain, so anyone who came across him wouldn't kill him.


sevenefold

English: sevenfold

Scots: sevinfald (obsolete)


IIIde

English: IIIrd

From III (Roman numeral representing three) and thridde.

The IIIᵈᵉ ys, that the necessite be alonly for the bretherne of the same ordre, and of none other strangers.

15th century, from Robert Cotton’s manuscript Faustina D. iv., “Appendix VII.”, in Brewer, John Sherren, editor, Rerum Britannicarum Medii Ævi Scriptores, or Chronicles and Memorials of Great Britain and Ireland During the Middle Ages: Monumenta Franciscana, London: Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, and Roberts, published 1858, page 569:


IIde

English: IInd

From II (Roman numeral representing two) and secunde.

The IIᵈᵉ is, that the necessitee of the bretherne be present or ellis at hond, and nat for longe tyme to comme.[…]The IIde principalle ys, that the bretherne of ther parte owghte to kepe a certene way and forme in suche procuration, the whiche oure holy father Pope Nicholas shewithe in his declaratioun, and they be VI. in numbre.


IIIIth

English: IIIIth

From IIII (Roman numeral representing four) and ferthe.

The IIIIᵗʰ is, that when we procure eny suche payment ther be no almes, the whiche be indifferent.


twies

English: twice


hundredpeny

From hundred (“administrative division”) + peny.

af

(rare) A tax levied on a hundred (administrative division)


hunfold

From Old English hundfeald; equivalent to hund (“hundred”) + -fold.


tithyng

English: tithing

From Old English tēoðung, tēoðing; equivalent to tithe + -ing.

tithe (tenth of one's income given to clergy)


tithen

tithen (infinitive)
to tithen (infinitive)
tithe (infinitive)
tithe (first-person present singular)
tithed (first-person past singular)
tithest (present second-person singular)
tithedest (past second-person singular)
titheth (present singular third-person)
tithed (past singular third-person)
tithe (present singular subjunctive)
tithed (past singular subjunctive)
tithe (imperative present singular)
tithen (plural present)
tithe (plural present)
titheden (past plural)
tithede (past plural)
titheth (imperative plural present)
tithe (imperative plural present)
tithynge (participle present)
tithende (participle present)
tithed (participle past)
ytithed (participle past)

English: tithe

From Old English tēoþian, teogoðian; equivalent to tithe + -en (infinitival suffix).


tenthe

English: tenth

Scots: teind, tent

A remodelling of tithe (Old English teoþa) on the basis of ten + -the (ordinal suffix).
teoþa is from Proto-West Germanic *tehundō, itself from Proto-Germanic *tehundô.


thries

English: thrice

Yola: dhreise


threfold

English: threefold

From Old English þrīfeald; equivalent to and often remodelled after thre + -fold.


threfold

English: threefold


nynty

English: ninety

Scots: ninety

From Old English nigontiġ, alteration of hundnigontiġ, itself a modification of Proto-Germanic *newuntēhundą; equivalent to nyne + -ty.


thousendfold

English: thousandfold

Inherited from Old English þūsendfeald; equivalent to thousand + -fold.


thousendfold

English: thousandfold


thousend

desctree

English: thousand
→ Hawaiian: kaukani, tausani

Scots: thousand, thoosan, thoosand

Inherited from Old English þūsend, from Proto-West Germanic *þūsundi, from Proto-Germanic *þūsundī; some forms are remodelled on the participial ending -and.

Mani þusen hi drapen mid hungær.

Many thousands they overcame with hunger.


oonnesse

English: oneness

Inherited from Old English ānnes, equivalent to oon + -nesse.


eightetene

English: eighteen

Scots: aughteen, auchteen, aichteen

Yola: ayghteen

From Anglian Old English eahtatēne (compare West Saxon eahtatīene), from Proto-Germanic *ahtōutehun. Equivalent to eighte + -tene.


thritty

English: thirty

Yola: dhirtee

From Old English þritiġ; equivalent to thre + -ty.

Iudaſ þou moſt to iurſelem oure mete foꝛ to bugge / þritti platen of ſelu[er] þou bere up oþi rugge […]

c. 1275, Judas (Roud 2964, Child Ballad 23, Trinity College MS. B.14.39), folio 34, recto, lines 3-4; republished at Cambridge: Wren Digital Library (Trinity College), 2019 May 29:

"Judas, you must go to Jerusalem to buy our food; / You'll have thirty pieces of silver on your back […]