cod

English: cod

Scots: cod

From Old English codd (“bag, pouch”), from Proto-West Germanic *koddō, from Proto-Germanic *kuddô, from Proto-Indo-European *gewt- (“pouch, sack”), from *gew- (“to bend, bow, arch, vault, curve”). The "pillow" sense is from Old Danish kodde or Old Norse koddi, from the same Proto-Germanic source.

der

(rare) The gullet, windpipe or esophagus.


blood

English: blood

Geordie English: bluid

Scots: bluid

Yola: blooed

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃tóm?
Proto-Germanic *blōþą
Proto-West Germanic *blōd
Old English blōd
Middle English blood
From Old English blōd, from Proto-West Germanic *blōd, from Proto-Germanic *blōþą, of uncertain origin.


cane

English: cane

Scots: cane

From Old French cane, from Latin canna, from Ancient Greek κάννα (kánna), from Akkadian 𒄀 (qanû, “reed”), from Sumerian 𒄀𒈾 (gi.na).

(rare) a bodily passage or tube, such as the trachea


her

English: hair

Scots: hair, hayr, hare

Yola: haar

Inherited from Old English hǣr, from Proto-West Germanic *hār, from Proto-Germanic *hērą.

⁊ þe heed of him ⁊ his heeris weren whiyt as whiyt wolle .· ⁊ as ſnow / ⁊ þe iȝen of him as flawme of fier .·

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 1:14, page 117v; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

And his head and his hairs were white, like white wool or snow, and his eyes were like fire's flame.

Tho rad he me how sāpson lost his heeres

1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Wyfe of Bathes Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC:

(countable) a hair (follicular growth on the skin)

But first he cheweth greyn and lycorys / To smellen sweete, er he hadde kembd his heer.

a. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Knight's Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, lines 3690–3691:

Though first he chews spices and licorice, / To smell sweet before he'd combed his hair.

(uncountable) hair (follicular growths on the skin)

Something similar in appearance to hair (e.g. a botanical hair)


bal

English: ball

Scots: baw, ba, baa, ball

Yola: ball, balbeedhel

Inherited from Old English *beall, from Proto-West Germanic *ballu, from Proto-Germanic *balluz.

The eyeball; the eye viewed as a spherical object.


to

English: toe

Scots: tae

Yola: toan (plural)

From Old English tā, tāhe, from Proto-West Germanic *taihā, from Proto-Germanic *taihwǭ (“toe”).


male

English: male

Scots: male

Borrowed from Old French masle, malle, from Late Latin masclus, from Latin masculus; compare femele and masculyn.

(rare) Manhood; the state of being male.


arm

English: arm

Scots: airm

Yola: arrm

From Old English earm (“arm”), from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“arm”), from Proto-Indo-European *arəm- (“arm”).


path

English: path

Scots: peth, paith

Inherited from Old English pæþ, from Proto-West Germanic *paþ, from Proto-Germanic *paþaz, from an Iranian language, from Proto-Iranian *pántaHh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pántaHs.

An informal or unpaved path or trail; a track.

(rare, Late Middle English) A course or route.


leg

desctree

English: leg
→ Finnish: legi
→ Hungarian: leg

Scots: leg

From Old Norse leggr, from Proto-Germanic *lagjaz.


nose

English: nose

Scots: nos, nose, nois

From Old English nosu, from Proto-West Germanic *nosu.


flesh

English: flesh

Scots: flesch

Yola: vleash, vlesh

Inherited from Old English flǣsċ, from Proto-West Germanic *flaiski, from Proto-Germanic *flaiski, from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁ḱ- (“to tear, peel off”).


face

English: face (see there for further descendants)

Geordie English: fyece

Scots: face

Yola: faace

Borrowed from Old French face, from Late Latin facia, from Classical Latin faciēs.

14ᵗʰ C., Chaucer, General Prologue
Boold was hir face, and fair, and reed of hewe.
Bold was her face, and fair, and red of hue.


mouth

English: mouth

Scots: mooth

Yola: meouth, moweth, mouth

From Old English mūþ, from Proto-West Germanic *munþ, from Proto-Germanic *munþaz.


cloth

English: cloth

Scots: clath, clathe, claith

From Old English clāþ, from Proto-Germanic *klaiþą.

(Late Middle English, rare) An illness or medical condition evident from boils.


comb

English: comb

Scots: camb, came, kame, kaim, kem

Yola: cowm, khime

From Old English camb, comb, from Proto-West Germanic *kamb, from Proto-Germanic *kambaz.

A comb (toothed tool for holding or grooming hair)


seem

English: seam

Scots: seam

Inherited from Old English sēam (“seam”), from Proto-West Germanic *saum, from Proto-Germanic *saumaz. The "nail" sense is a semantic loan from Old Norse saumr.

inh+

(anatomy) A bodily depression or furrow.

A depression or indentation:
A bodily depression or furrow.


vessel

English: vessel

Scots: veshel

Yola: veseal

Borrowed from Old French vaissel, vessel, from Late Latin vāscellum.

Blood vessels; the tubes that blood travels in.


box

English: box (see there for further descendants)

Scots: box

From Old English box, from Proto-West Germanic *buhs, from Latin buxus in extended use.


calf

enm-noun

calf (plural calver(e) or calveren or calves)

calver (plural)
calveren (plural)
calves (plural)

English: calf

Scots: cauf, cawf, caff, calf

Yola: callef, calef, calluf

From Old English cælf, Anglian form of ċealf, from Proto-Germanic *kalbaz.

⁊ þe firſte beeſte .· liyk a lioun / ⁊ þe ſecounde beeſte .· lijk a calf / ⁊ þe þꝛidde beeſte .· hauynge a face as of a man / ⁊ þe fourþe beeſte .· liyk an egle fleynge

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 4:7, page 118v, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

And the first beast [was] like a lion; and the second beast [was] like a calf; and the third beast had a face like a human; and the fourth beast [was] like an eagle flying.

A representation of a calf; something that looks like a calf.


pipe

English: pipe (see there for further descendants)

Scots: pipe

Yola: peeps (plural)

Inherited from Old English pīpe, from Proto-West Germanic *pīpā; reinforced by Vulgar Latin *pīpa; some senses are from Old French pipe.

A pipe; a piece of tubing used as a channel (often for fluids):

(medicine) A syringe; a hollow tube for medical removal or insertion.


kernel

desctree

English: kernel
→ Japanese: カーネル (kāneru)

Scots: kirnel; churnel

From Old English cyrnel, from Proto-West Germanic *kurnil; equivalent to corn + -el (agentive suffix). Some forms are influenced by corn.

(anatomy) An organ responsible for production of substances.


flor

English: floor

desc

Scots: flure, fluir, flair, fleur, fleer

From Old English flōr, from Proto-West Germanic *flōru, *flōr, from Proto-Germanic *flōraz, from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂ros.

whos wynewing cloþ is in his hond .· ⁊ he ſchal fulli clenſe his coꝛn flooꝛ / and he ſchal gadere his wheete in to his berne .· but þe chaf he ſchal bꝛenne wiþ fier þat mai not be quenchid

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Matheu 3:12, page 2r, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

His winnowing fan is in his hand; he'll fully clean his threshing-floor, he'll gather up his wheat into his barn, and he'll burn the chaff with unquenchable fire.

A flat area or platform (often for preparation)


dok

English: dock

Scots: dock

From Old English *docce, *docca, from Proto-Germanic *dukkǭ.


navel

English: navel

Scots: nyvel

From Old English nafola, from Proto-West Germanic *nabulō, from Proto-Germanic *nabulô; compare nave.


humour

desctree

English: humour, humor (US)
→⇒ Chinese:
Cantonese: 幽默 (jau¹ mak⁶)
Mandarin: 幽默 (yōumò)
→ Danish: humor
→ Icelandic: húmor
→ Dutch: humor
→ Esperanto: humuro
→ French: humour
→ Romanian: humor, umor
→ Turkish: humor
→ German: Humor (semantic loan)
→ Polish: humor
→ Yiddish: הומאָר (humor) (probably)
→ Greek: χιούμορ (chioúmor)
→ Italian: humour
→ Japanese: ユーモア (yūmoa)
→ Korean: 유머 (yumeo)
→ Norwegian: (also via German)
Bokmål: humor
Nynorsk: humor
→ Russian: ю́мор (júmor), гу́мор (gúmor)
→ Azerbaijani: yumor
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: ху̀мор
Latin script: hùmor
→ Swedish: humor (semantic loan)

Scots: humour

From Old French humor, from Latin hūmor, ūmor.

A "cardinal humour" (four liquids believed to affect health and mood)

A bodily liquid or substance that causes disease or affliction.

A bodily liquid or substance that is caused by disease.

One of the two (usually reckoned as three or four) fluidous portions of the eye.

Any fluid; something which flows or moves in a fluidous manner:

The liquid contained within a plant; plant juices.

(rare) A liquid of the human body (e.g. blood)

A mist or gas; a substance dissipated in the air.


mane

English: mane

Scots: mane

Inherited from Old English manu, from Proto-West Germanic *manu, from Proto-Germanic *manō; compare Middle Dutch mane, Old Frisian mana, mona, and Middle Low German mane.


naked

English: naked

Scots: nakit

From Old English nacod, from Proto-Germanic *nakwadaz. Compare naken.

Partially bodily uncovered or bald; uncovered in a specific area.

(often with an item specified) Having none of something; bare of a thing or quality:

Unvegetated; lacking plant growth or ground cover.

Referring to the core or substance of something.


horn

English: horn

Scots: horn

Yola: hoorn

From Old English horn, from Proto-West Germanic *horn, from Proto-Germanic *hurną, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥h₂nós (with change in gender).


more

English: more (dialectal)

Inherited from Old English more and moru (“carrot, parsnip”), from Proto-West Germanic *morhā, *morhu, from Proto-Germanic *murhǭ, *murhō.


lid

English: lid

Scots: lid

From Old English hlid, from Proto-Germanic *hlidą.

A lid; a piece of material used to cover a container.

The exterior of a gravesite, ditch, or pit.

The covering over one's eyes; an eyelid.


whey

English: whey (whig)

Scots: quhaye, quhay, quhey, whey, fey

From Old English hwǣġ, hwæiġ, hwæġ, hweġ, from Proto-West Germanic *hwaij (“whey”).

The leftovers from milk curdled during cheesemaking; whey.

(rare) The result of strained almond milk.


instrument

English: instrument

Borrowed from Old French instrument, from Latin instrūmentum (“tool, device”).

A body part that performs a certain function; an organ.


table

English: table (see there for further descendants)

Geordie English: tyeble

Scots: table

→ Welsh: tabl

From a combination of Old French table and Old English tabele, tabul, tablu, tabule, tabula, both from Latin tabula.

(biblical) The physical Ten Commandments handed down from heaven.

A level, floor or storey (of a building)

(rare) A flat bone or fused set of bones.


ancle

English: ankle (dialectal ancley, anclef, ancliff; obsolete ancle)

Scots: ankleth, anklet (fusion of Middle English ancle and lith); hankle

From Old English *ancol, *ancel, from Proto-West Germanic *ankul, from Proto-Germanic *ankulaz. Some forms are from anclēo, anclēow, which is from the same Proto-Germanic word suffixed with an unknown element.


top

English: top

→ French: top

→ German: Top

→ Vietnamese: tốp

Scots: tap

From Old English topp, toppa, from Proto-West Germanic *topp.

(rare) The tip or end of something; that which something terminates in.


den

English: den

Scots: den

From Old English denn, from Proto-West Germanic *dani. Forms with a final vowel are probably generalised datives.


steppe

English: step

Scots: step, stap, stop

From Old English stæpe, stepe, from Proto-West Germanic *stapi. The (historical) geminate is due to the influence of steppen.

An imprint or sign of something; that which something leaves as evidence:

(figurative) The remains left by an injury or disease.

The bottom region of the foot; the sole.


muscle

English: muscle

From Middle French muscle, from Latin mūsculus (“muscle”).


band

English: band, bend, bond

Scots: band, bend

Inherited from Old English bend, from Proto-Germanic *bandiz; vocalism is influenced by Old Norse band and Old French bande.

A strip of a material used to tie or bind; a band:


hoxe

A back-formation from hoxen or *hoxene, earlier form of hokschyne.


cataract

English: cataract
→ Cebuano: katarak
→ Marshallese: kōtrāāk

Scots: cataract (rare, obsolete)

From Latin cataracta, from Ancient Greek καταρράκτης (katarrháktēs).


visage

English: visage


fot

enm-noun

fot (plural feet or fot or (rare) fotes)

feet (plural)
fot (plural)
fotes (plural rare)

English: foot (see there for further descendants)

Scots: fit, fuit, fut, fute

Yola: voote

Inherited from Old English fōt, from Proto-West Germanic *fōt, from Proto-Germanic *fōts, from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds.

One of a set of units of measurement:
foot (unit for measuring length)

One of a set of units of measurement:
square foot (unit for measuring area)

One of a set of units of measurement:
(prosody) A metrical foot

One of a set of units of measurement:
A metrical foot

The bottom or foundation of something (e.g. stairs):

The end of a bed or tomb (where the foot rests).


fax

English: fax (obsolete)

Scots: fax

From Old English feax, from Proto-West Germanic *fahs.


jus

English: juice (see there for further descendants)

Scots: joice, jice


rote

English: root

Scots: ruit, rute

From Late Old English rōt, rōte, from Old Norse rót, from Proto-Germanic *wrōts, from Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds. Doublet of wort (“plant”). See more at English root.

A root used as food; a root vegetable or tuber.

The foundation or base of a protuberance or extension of the body:

The root of the hair; the part of the hair within the scalp.

foꝛ þe roote of alle yuelis is coueitiſe / whiche ſummen coueitynge .· erriden fro þe feiþ. / ⁊ biſettiden hem wiþ manye ſoꝛewis

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Tymothe ·i· 6:10, page 84r; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

And the root of all wrongs is covetousness, which some yearned for and strayed from the faith; they've unleashed many sorrows upon themselves.

Something which generates, creates, or emanates something:

The origin of an abstract quality; that which something originally came from.

A wellspring or exemplar of an abstract quality that which something comes from.


nerve

English: nerve

Scots: nerve

Borrowed from Medieval Latin nervus, from Proto-Italic *snēuros, from Proto-Indo-European *snéh₁wr̥; thus a doublet of synwe. Forms with /f/ reflect Middle French nerf.


palate

English: palate

From Old French palat, from Latin palātum.

One's sense of taste (the palate was believed to be the source of this).


crane

English: crane (obsolete)

Borrowed from Old French cran, from Medieval Latin crānium.


tame

English: tame

Scots: tame

From Old English tam, tom, from Proto-West Germanic *tam (“tame”).

(anatomy, medicine, of a fistula) inner, interior


pere

English: peer

Scots: peer

From Old French per and Anglo-Norman peir, from Latin pār.

(anatomy, rare) A body part connected or concomitant with another.


wrist

English: wrist

Scots: wrist

Yola: wrasth, wraste

From Old English wrist, wyrst, from Proto-Germanic *wristuz.

wrist (joint attaching the arm to the hand)


nape

English: nape

The nape of a fish; the part below a fish's head.


ere

English: ear
Tok Pisin: ia

Scots: ear

From Old English ēare, from Proto-West Germanic *auʀā, from Proto-Germanic *ausô, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ṓws.

The ear (organ that receives sound):
The auricle; the outside of the ear.

The level of attention given to someone speaking.


crisp

English: crisp

From Old English crisp, cirps and Old French cresp, crespe, from Latin crispus.


heed

desctree

English: head
→ Japanese: ヘッド (heddo)
Sranan Tongo: ede
Aukan: ede
Saramaccan: hédi

Geordie English: heed

Scots: heid

Yola: heade, haade, hade

From Old English hēafod, from Proto-West Germanic *haubud, from Proto-Germanic *haubudą (“head”).

The head (top portion of an animal):
A head-covering; headwear or hair.

A start or origin:
The outermost extremity of something.


tripe

English: tripe

Scots: tripe

Borrowed from Old French tripe; further etymology is uncertain (compare Italian trippa, Spanish tripa).

A portion of a creature's entrails or organs (often as food).


official

head

official (plural and weak singular officiale)

officiale (plural)
officiale (singular weak)

English: official

Scots: offeecial

From Old French official, from Latin officiālis; equivalent to office + -al.

(of body parts) Functional; serving a purpose.


horen

horen (infinitive)
to horen (infinitive)
hore (infinitive)
hore (first-person present singular)
hored (first-person past singular)
horest (present second-person singular)
horedest (past second-person singular)
horeth (present singular third-person)
hored (past singular third-person)
hore (present singular subjunctive)
hored (past singular subjunctive)
hore (imperative present singular)
horen (plural present)
hore (plural present)
horeden (past plural)
horede (past plural)
horeth (imperative plural present)
hore (imperative plural present)
horynge (participle present)
horende (participle present)
hored (participle past)
yhored (participle past)

English: hoar (obsolete)

From Old English hārian; equivalent to hor (“hoar”) + -en (infinitival suffix).


tusk

English: tusk

Scots: tusk

From Old English tūx, from earlier tūsc, from Proto-Germanic *tunþskaz. Compare tusshe.


organic

English: organic

Borrowed from Old French organique, borrowed itself from Latin organicus. Equivalent to organe + -ik.

(rare) Positioned around the neck or nape (used of veins)


issue

English: issue

Borrowed from Old French issue (“exit”), from issu, past participle of issir, eissir. Compare issen.
Forms with /ʃ/ mostly do not reflect palatalisation of /s/ (as in modern English); instead, they exist because Old French /s(s)/ was perceived as being phonetically closer to Middle English /ʃ/ than to /s/.

Exit, departure; the act of leaving or going out:

(especially pathology) An outwards flow or discharge.

(rare) A sortie (movement of soldiers towards the enemy)

(anatomy) A passage or channel out of the body.

An exit; a way out of a place.
A passage or channel out of the body.

A result or outcome arising from something.

(rare) One's (non-biological) successors or inheritors.


eyed

English: eyed


suture

English: suture

(rare, anatomy) A slight bodily indentation.


nervous

English: nervous

Borrowed from Latin nervōsus; equivalent to nerve + -ous.

Composed of or incorporating nerves or tendons.

(uncommon) Pertaining to nerves or tendons.


ligament

English: ligament

A ligament or similar connecting tissue (e.g. a tendon)


axel

English: axle (obsolete)

Scots: aixle, exle

From Old English eaxl, from Proto-West Germanic *ahslu, from Proto-Germanic *ahslō.


sward

English: sward

Scots: swaird

From Old English sweard, from Proto-Germanic *swarduz; compare Old Norse svǫrðr.

Swarde or sworde of flesche (swad or swarde, s.) Coriana.

[c. 1440, Galfrido Grammatico [i.e., Geoffrey the Grammarian], “Swarde”, in edited by Albert Way, Promptorium parvulorum sive clericorum, dictionarius Anglo–Latinus princeps, […] [Storehouse for Children or Clerics, the First English–Latin Dictionary, […]] (Camden Society; LXXXIX), London: […] Societatis Camdenensis [Camden Society], published 1865, →OCLC, page 482, column 1:

Sward: The rind of bacon or pork; also, the outer covering or skin of something.


corde

English: cord; chord (influenced by Latin spelling)

Scots: cord

From Old French corde, from Latin chorda, from Ancient Greek χορδή (khordḗ).

A sinew or the muscular material one is made out of.


inward

English: inward

Scots: inward

From Old English inweard; equivalent to in + -ward.

inwards, to the interior, especially referring to:

While located within the inside of an entity, especially referring to:


inward

English: inward, innards


moder

enm-noun

moder (plural modres or moders or moder or (Kent) modren, genitive modres or moders or moder)

modres (plural)
moders (plural)
moder (plural)
modren (Kent plural)
modres (genitive)
moders (genitive)
moder (genitive)

desctree

English: mother, mither (Scotland and Northern England)
Australian Kriol: motha
→ Japanese: マザー (mazā)
→ Korean: 마더 (madeo)

desc

Scots: mither, medder, midder, moder, moeder (Shetland), mideer, mother

Yola: moodher, moother, moothar

Inherited from Old English mōdor, from Proto-West Germanic *mōder, from Proto-Germanic *mōdēr, from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr. Compare moddrie.

A polite appellation to an elderly woman, or a ruder one to a younger one.


fissure

English: fissure

From Old French fissure, from Latin fissūra.


perle

English: pearl

Scots: pairl, purl

From Old French perle, from Medieval Latin perula.

(figurative) The pupil (hole in the iris)


pissen

pissen (infinitive)
to pissen (infinitive)
pisse (infinitive)
pisse (first-person present singular)
pissed (first-person past singular)
pissest (present second-person singular)
pissedest (past second-person singular)
pisseth (present singular third-person)
pissed (past singular third-person)
pisse (present singular subjunctive)
pissed (past singular subjunctive)
pisse (imperative present singular)
pissen (plural present)
pisse (plural present)
pisseden (past plural)
pissede (past plural)
pisseth (imperative plural present)
pisse (imperative plural present)
pissynge (participle present)
pissende (participle present)
pissed (participle past)
ypissed (participle past)

English: piss

Scots: pish

Borrowed from Old French pissier, from Vulgar Latin *pīssiāre; equivalent to pisse + -en (infinitival suffix).

To piss; to deliver urine from the genitals.


pisse

English: piss

Scots: pish


scheren

scheren (infinitive)
to scheren (infinitive)
schere (infinitive)
schern (infinitive)
schere (first-person present singular)
schar (first-person past singular)
scher (first-person past singular)
scherest (present second-person singular)
schere (past second-person singular)
schar (past second-person singular)
scher (past second-person singular)
schereth (present singular third-person)
schar (past singular third-person)
scher (past singular third-person)
schere (present singular subjunctive)
schere (past singular subjunctive)
schere (imperative present singular)
scheren (plural present)
schere (plural present)
schern (plural present)
scheren (past plural)
schere (past plural)
schereth (imperative plural present)
schere (imperative plural present)
scherynge (participle present)
scherende (participle present)
schoren (participle past)
schore (participle past)
schorn (participle past)
yschoren (participle past)
yschore (participle past)

English: shear

Scots: shear

Yola: shaure (preterite)

Inherited from Old English sċieran, from Proto-West Germanic *skeran, from Proto-Germanic *skeraną.

To cut; to slice with a sharp edge:
To injure by slashing or slicing.

To cut; to slice with a sharp edge:
To chop up or dice (especially food)

To cut; to slice with a sharp edge:
To chop off; to sunder by slicing.

To cut; to slice with a sharp edge:
To harvest or reap crops.

To remove one's hair; to have one's hair shaved.

To shave the top of the head (to induct into monasticism).

To cut; to slice with a sharp edge:
To shear; to remove hair, fur, or wool:
(rare) To shear or shave fabric.

To cut; to slice with a sharp edge:
To shear; to remove hair, fur, or wool:
To shear or shave fabric.


cloven

English: cloven

Scots: clowen, cloen

From Old English clofen, ġeclofen, past participle of clēofan, from Proto-Germanic *klubanaz, past participle of *kleubaną.

Split, cloven, separated, divided (used of anatomical features)


mantel

English: mantle, mantel

Scots: mantle, mantel; manteel

From Anglo-Norman mantel and Old English mentel, both ultimately from Late Latin mantēllum, later form of Latin mantēle.


kne

English: knee

Scots: kne, kney, knie

Yola: konnee

From Anglian Old English cnēo (West Saxon cnēow is continued in knew), from Proto-West Germanic *kneu, from Proto-Germanic *knewą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu (“knee”).


skyn

English: skin

Scots: skin

Yola: skien

From Old Norse skinn, from Proto-Germanic *skinþą.

A layer or cover located in the inside of the body.


bak

English: back

Scots: back, bak, bake

From Old English bæc, from Proto-West Germanic *bak, from Proto-Germanic *baką.

The back, hind, or rear of a being's body:

(rare) The parts of a person which aren't visible to themself.

The vertebrae or spine; the bone holding up the back.

(rare) The extremities, margin or boundary of something.


bak

English: back

Yola: bak


hough

English: heugh; hoe, hogh, hough, how

Scots: heuch

From Old English hōh (“promontory”), related to hōn (“to hang”). Reinforced by unrelated Old Norse haugr (“hill, mound”).


hor

English: hoar

Scots: hare, hair

From Old English hār, from Proto-Germanic *hairaz.

Grey, greyish, grey-white (usually referring to hair)


hame

English: hame, heam

From Old English hama, homa, from Proto-West Germanic *hamō, from Proto-Germanic *hamô (“cover, skin”).


molde

English: mold, mould, mool

Scots: muild, moud

From Old English molde, from Proto-West Germanic *moldu, from Proto-Germanic *muldō.


molde

English: mold, mould

From Old English molda, molde, from Proto-West Germanic *moldō, from Proto-Indo-European *ml̥Hdʰṓ; exactly parallel to Sanskrit मूर्धन् (mūrdhan).

(anatomy, rare) The divide between the cranial bones.


lende

Alternative form of lenden (“to come, to dwell”)


horned

English: horned

Scots: hornit, hornt

⇒ Yola: hoornta, hornta

Possessing horns or a similar projection; horned or horn-bearing.

(rare) Having headwear and hair done with projections like horns.

(rare, of the moon) In its crescent phase; waxing or waning.

(rare) Hornen; crafted or manufactured from horn.


inwardly

From Old English inweardlīc; equivalent to inward + -ly.


wlite

i

English: lit (confluence with lit, from Old Norse litr)

Scots: lit (confluence with lit, from Old Norse litr)

From Old English wlite, from Proto-West Germanic *wliti, from Proto-Germanic *wlitiz, *wlituz.


hernes

English: harns

Scots: harns

Inherited from Old English hærnes, plural of hærn, from Proto-West Germanic *hirʀnī, from Proto-Germanic *hirzniją.

brains; the mental organ of a living being.


swete

English: sweat; swot

→ Esperanto: ŝvito

desc

Scots: sweet, swate, swait, swete, sweit

From Old English swāt, from Proto-Germanic *swait-. The vocalism was sometimes influenced by swǣtan.


matrice

English: matrice, matrix

Borrowed from Old French matrice, from Latin mātrīx. Doublet of maris.


panne

desctree

English: pan
→? Irish: panna
→ Japanese: パン

Scots: pan

Inherited from Old English panne, from Proto-Germanic *pannǭ, from Late Latin panna.


hele

English: heal

Scots: heal, hele

Yola: heale, heall, heal, hele

From Old English hǣlu, hǣl, from Proto-West Germanic *hailī. Compare helen and hol (“whole”).

[...] ‘I shal my-self to herbes techen yow,

late 14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Nun's Priest's Tale, The Canterbury Tales, line 4139-4140

That shul ben for your hele, and for your prow;’ [...]
… ‘I shall myself guide you to herbs,
That shall be for your health and for your benefit;’ …

Health or wellbeing; one's mental or physical condition.

That which heals or cures; healing:
(medicine) A curative medicine.

That which heals or cures; healing:
A curative medicine.

(Christianity) Jesus Christ (as the Saviour)

That which heals or cures; healing:
Jesus Christ (as the Saviour)


hele

English: heel

Scots: heel

Yola: heel

From Old English hēla, hǣla, from Proto-West Germanic *hą̄hilō. Compare hough (“hough, hock”).


crispen

crispen (infinitive)
to crispen (infinitive)
crispe (infinitive)
crispe (first-person present singular)
crisped (first-person past singular)
crispest (present second-person singular)
crispedest (past second-person singular)
crispeth (present singular third-person)
crisped (past singular third-person)
crispe (present singular subjunctive)
crisped (past singular subjunctive)
crispe (imperative present singular)
crispen (plural present)
crispe (plural present)
crispeden (past plural)
crispede (past plural)
crispeth (imperative plural present)
crispe (imperative plural present)
crispynge (participle present)
crispende (participle present)
crisped (participle past)
ycrisped (participle past)

English: crisp

Scots: crisp

From Latin crispō and Old French crespir; equivalent to crisp (“curly”) + -en (infinitival suffix).


roten

English: rotten

Scots: rotten

Borrowed from Old Norse rotinn (“rotten”).

bor+

Rotten or spoiled (usually of animal or plant matter):

(rare) Collapsing or decomposing into pieces; falling apart.

Noon helthe is in my fleiſch fro the face of thin ire; no pees is to my boonys fro the face of my ſynnes. / For my wickidneſſis ben goon ouer myn heed; as an heuy birthun, tho ben maad heuy on me. / Myn heelid woundis weren rotun, and ben brokun; fro the face of myn vnwiſdom.

a. 1382, John Wycliffe, “Psalms 37:4-6”, in Wycliffe's Bible:

No health is in my body due to the nature of your anger; no rest is in my bones due to my sinful behaviour. / For my wickedness has utterly enveloped me, like a heavy load that has weighed on me. / My healed wounds were festering, and have burst from the nature of my mistakes.

Gangrenous, infected (having necrosis or putrefaction)


masse

English: mass

Scots: mass

Yola: messe

From Anglo-Norman masse, from Latin massa, from Ancient Greek μᾶζα (mâza).

(anatomy) blood (believed in medieval times to be a mixture of the four humours)


heer

English: hair


macula

English: macula

Borrowed from Latin macula. Doublet of mayle.

(Late Middle English, rare) A lesion on the eye or skin.


stomak

English: stomach

Scots: stamack

Borrowed from Old French estomac, from Latin stomachus, from Ancient Greek στόμαχος (stómakhos).

(figurative) One's emotional or sexual drive (supposedly coming from the stomach)


gome

English: gum (dialectal goom)

Scots: goom, geem, gum

Inherited from Old English gōma, from Proto-West Germanic *gōmō, from Proto-Germanic *gōmô.

(often in the plural) The flesh around the teeth; the gum.

The interior of one's mouth; the palate or roof of the mouth.

(rare, Late Middle English) One's teeth or jaws.


corne

English: corn

Borrowed from Old French corne, corn; from Latin cornū.


brest

English: brest, breast

Scots: brest, breist, breest

From Old English brēost, from Proto-West Germanic *breust, from Proto-Germanic *breustą.


brest

English: bryst (obsolete)

From Old Norse brestr, from Proto-Germanic *brestuz; influenced by the cognate Old English byrst. Doublet of burst.


organe

desctree

English: organ
→ Korean: 오르간 (oreugan)
→ Maori: ōkana
→ Vietnamese: oóc-gan

Scots: organ

From Old French organe, orgene, from Latin organum (“implement; musical instrument”). Doublet of organum.

der

A body part which performs a certain function; an organ.


materas

English: mattress

Scots: mattrass

Borrowed from Old French matras, from Arabic مَطْرَح (maṭraḥ).

(anatomy, rare) A pad or cushion in one's body.


tresse

English: tress

From Old French tresce, of unclear origin.


rof

English: roof

Geordie English: ruif, reuf

Scots: ruf, ruif

From Old English hrōf, from Proto-Germanic *hrōfą.


plukken

enm-verb

plukken (third-person singular simple present plukketh, present participle plukkende, plukkynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle plukked)

plukketh (present singular third-person)
plukkende (participle present)
plukkynge (participle present)
plukked (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
plukken (infinitive)
to plukken (infinitive)
plukke (infinitive)
plukke (first-person present singular)
plukked (first-person past singular)
plukkest (present second-person singular)
plukkedest (past second-person singular)
plukketh (present singular third-person)
plukked (past singular third-person)
plukke (present singular subjunctive)
plukked (past singular subjunctive)
plukke (imperative present singular)
plukken (plural present)
plukke (plural present)
plukkeden (past plural)
plukkede (past plural)
plukketh (imperative plural present)
plukke (imperative plural present)
plukkynge (participle present)
plukkende (participle present)
plukked (participle past)
yplukked (participle past)

English: pluck

Scots: pluck

From Old English pluccian, from Proto-West Germanic *plukkōn, from Proto-Germanic *plukkōną. Compare plicchen.

To pluck bare; to leave featherless or hairless.


teer

English: tear

desc

Middle Scots: tear, tere, teir, tichwr, tychir

Scots: tear, taer, tare, teir

From Old English tēar, tǣr, tæhher, teagor, from Proto-West Germanic *tahr.

An emotionally-triggered tear (e.g. ecstasy, remorse, sadness, sympathy)


ters

English: tarse

Scots: tars, ters

From Old English teors, from Proto-West Germanic *ters (“nail; penis”).


tusky

English: tusky


wolle

English: wool

desc

Scots: woll, wol, wow, wo, oull, owll, owl, oo

Yola: wul

Inherited from Old English wull, from Proto-West Germanic *wullu, from Proto-Germanic *wullō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂. The final vowel is generalised from the Old English oblique cases.

Shorn wool, especially stockpiled in bulk.


milte

English: milt

Scots: melt, meilt

From Old English milte, from Proto-West Germanic *meltā, *miltijā, from Proto-Germanic *meltǭ.


veine

English: vein

Scots: van, vane, vain, vaine

From Anglo-Norman veine, from Latin vēna.

Whan that Auerill wᵗ his shoures soote / The droghte of march hath ꝑced to the roote / And bathed euery veyne in swich lycour / Of which v̄tu engendred is the flour[…]

1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “Here Bygynneth the Book of the Tales of Caunt́burẏ”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 2, recto:

When that April, with its sweet showers / Has pierced March's drought to the root / And bathed every vein in fluid such that / with its power, the flower is made […]


toppen

toppen (infinitive)
to toppen (infinitive)
toppe (infinitive)
toppe (first-person present singular)
topped (first-person past singular)
toppest (present second-person singular)
toppedest (past second-person singular)
toppeth (present singular third-person)
topped (past singular third-person)
toppe (present singular subjunctive)
topped (past singular subjunctive)
toppe (imperative present singular)
toppen (plural present)
toppe (plural present)
toppeden (past plural)
toppede (past plural)
toppeth (imperative plural present)
toppe (imperative plural present)
toppynge (participle present)
toppende (participle present)
topped (participle past)
ytopped (participle past)

English: top

Scots: tap


hamme

English: ham

Scots: ham, hamb

Inherited from Old English ham, hamm (“back of the knee”), from Proto-West Germanic *hammu, from Proto-Germanic *hammō. The final vowel is generalised from Old English inflected forms.


forke

English: fork (see there for further descendants)

Scots: fork

Yola: vork

From Old English force, from Proto-West Germanic *furkō, from Latin furca; also influenced by Anglo-Norman forque and Old French forche, both from the same Latin word.

(Late Middle English, anatomy) A point, spike, or projection on a bone or tooth.


eie

English: eye
Sranan Tongo: ai

Geordie English: ee, eye

Scots: ee

Yola: ieen, eein, eyen, eeen, een, ein (plural)

From Old English ēaġe, from Proto-West Germanic *augā, from Proto-Germanic *augô, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ókʷs.

(figuratively) A highly valued or regarded object.


matere

English: matter

Scots: matter, maitter

From Anglo-Norman matere, from Latin māteria.

Matter or stuff; that which things are composed of:

Primordial, crude or essential matter; matter without complication.

(rare) The real essence or body of something (as opposed to its form or permutations)

(rare, theology) The physical actions or part of a Christian ritual.

One of a human body's liquids or fluids; a biofluid:

(rare) Partially digested food while sitting in the stomach.

(rare) A twig or bough; a portion of a plant or tree.


matere

English: mater

At fourten yer sche conseyved Cryste in hire matere clere,
And in the fiftene yer sche chyldyd, this avowe dare I;
Here lyvyng wyth that swete sone thre and thretty yere,

ante''' 1475: Ludus Coventriæ, XLI: “The Assumption of the Virgin”, lines 5–8

And after his deth in erthe xij. yer dede sche tary.


winge

English: wing

Scots: weeng

Yola: wing

From Old Norse vængr, from Proto-Germanic *wēngijaz.

⁊ þe foure beeſtis hadden euery of hem ſixe wyngis / ⁊ al aboute and wiþ inne þei weren ful of iȝen / ⁊ þei hadden not reſte · dai ⁊ nyȝt, ſeiynge · hooli · hooli · hooli .· þe loꝛd god almyȝti / þat was ⁊ þat is .· ⁊ þat is to comynge

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 4:8, page 118v, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

And all of the four beasts had six wings, and they were covered with eyes across all their body; and they didn't rest, day or night, in saying: "Holy, holy, holy, the almighty Lord God, who was, who is, and who will come".

A wing (arm enabling flight; used in cooking and medicine).

(figurative) A method or means of flight.

(figurative) A shelter or refuge (as a bird guards its young)

(rare, Late Middle English) A portion; a section.


maris

Borrowed from Old French marris, marriz, from Latin mātrīx. Doublet of matrice.


huske

English: husk

Probably borrowed from Middle Low German hūske(n) or Middle Dutch hūskijn, diminutive of hūs (“house”).

(anatomy) A covering (of a wound or the foreskin)


tonge

desctree

English: tongue
Australian Kriol: tang
Bislama: tang
Sranan Tongo: tongo
Tok Pisin: tang
Torres Strait Creole: tang

Scots: tung, tongue, tong

From Old English tunge (“tongue, language”).


cunte

English: cunt

Scots: cunt

From Old English *cunte, from Proto-West Germanic *kuntā, from Proto-Germanic *kuntǭ.

Þe maide þat ȝeuit hirſilf alle. / Oþir to fre man, oþir to þralle. / Ar ringe be ſet an honde. / And pleiit with þe croke and wiþ þe balle. / And mekit gret þat erſt was ſmalle. / Þe wedding got to ſconde. / Ȝeue þi cunte to cunni[n]g / and craue affetir weddin[g] quod hendi[ng].

a. 1300, Hending, The Proverbs of Hending, stanza 42, page 479v-r:

The woman that gives herself totally / either to a freeman or a serf / before a ring is set on her hand / and who plays with the twig and berries / and makes great that once was small / [Her] wedding becomes shameful. / "Give your vagina with cunning / and make your requests after the wedding" said Hending.


clift

English: cleft

Scots: clift

Inherited from Old English ġeclyft, from Proto-Germanic *kluftiz; equivalent to cleven + -th.

A slash wound; an injury from an instance of slicing, cleaving, rupturing or cutting.


nekke

English: neck

Scots: neck

Yola: neckarès (plural)

Inherited from Old English hnecca, from Proto-West Germanic *hnakkō, from Proto-Germanic *hnakkô.

The neck (body part connecting the head and trunk):


schaft

English: shaft

Scots: schaft, shaft

Inherited from Old English sċeaft (“shaft”), from Proto-West Germanic *skaft, from Proto-Germanic *skaftaz.

inh+

A weapon's shaft; the body of a polearm.

A flagstaff; a pole for a flag or banner.

(rare) A tunnel or passage (e.g. a mineshaft).


schaft

enm-noun

schaft (plural schaftes or (Early ME) schaften or (Early ME) schafte)

schaftes (plural)
schaften (Early-Middle-English plural)
schafte (Early-Middle-English plural)

From Old English sċeaft, ġesċeaft (“creation”), from sċieppan; equivalent to shapen + -th.

Something that has been created (by a deity)


lyme

English: limb

Scots: limb, lim

Yola: lemethès

From limu, plural of Old English lim, from Proto-West Germanic *limu.


schaven

enm-verb

schaven (third-person singular simple present schaveth, present participle schavynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative schof, past participle schaven)

schaveth (present singular third-person)
schavynge (participle present)
schof (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
schaven (participle past)
schaven (infinitive)
to schaven (infinitive)
schave (infinitive)
schave (first-person present singular)
schof (first-person past singular)
schaved (first-person past singular)
schavest (present second-person singular)
schove (past second-person singular)
schof (past second-person singular)
schavedest (past second-person singular)
schaveth (present singular third-person)
schof (past singular third-person)
schaved (past singular third-person)
schave (present singular subjunctive)
schove (past singular subjunctive)
schaved (past singular subjunctive)
schave (imperative present singular)
schaven (plural present)
schave (plural present)
schoven (past plural)
schove (past plural)
schaveden (past plural)
schavede (past plural)
schaveth (imperative plural present)
schave (imperative plural present)
schavynge (participle present)
schavende (participle present)
schaven (participle past)
schave (participle past)
schaved (participle past)
yschaven (participle past)
yschave (participle past)
yschaved (participle past)

English: shave

→ Welsh: siafio

q

through confluence with Norwegian <i class="Latn mention" lang="no">skave</i>

Scots: schave, schaif, schaiff; shaav (through confluence with Norwegian skave)

From Old English sċafan, from Proto-West Germanic *skaban; equivalent to schave + -en (infinitival suffix).

To scrape or scratch, especially into pieces:

To razor hair; to use a unpaired blade to cut hair:

To shave; to remove all hair in a given area.


forhed

English: forehead

Yola: vorreat

From Old English fōrehēafod, foranhēafod.


chyn

English: chin

Scots: chin, chyn

From Old English ċinn, from Proto-West Germanic *kinnu, form Proto-Germanic *kinnuz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénus.


herte

enm-noun

herte (plural hertes or herten or herte)

hertes (plural)
herten (plural)
herte (plural)

English: heart (see there for further descendants)

Scots: hert, hart, hairt

Yola: hearth, hart

Inherited from Old English heorte, from Proto-West Germanic *hertā, from Proto-Germanic *hertô, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱḗr.

(anatomy) heart (organ, sometimes eaten).

One's feelings, or beliefs; the heart viewed as a source of them:

One's (inherent or current) attitude or behaviour.


lippe

English: lip

Scots: lip

From Old English lippa, from Proto-West Germanic *lippjō.


berd

English: beard

Scots: berd, berde, beird

Yola: bearde

→ Anglo-Norman: berd

gl

merged with Old French <i class="Latn mention" lang="fro">barbier</i>

→⇒ Anglo-Norman: barder (verb) (merged with Old French barbier)

From Old English beard, from Proto-West Germanic *bard, from Proto-Germanic *bardaz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰeh₂.


cheke

English: cheek; choke

Scots: cheek

/ˈt͡ʃɛːk(ə)/

/ˈt͡ʃɔːk(ə)/

Originally two distinct nouns:
* Old English ċēace, from Proto-West Germanic *kākā, from Proto-Germanic *kēkǭ.
* Old English ċēoce, from Proto-West Germanic *keukā, from Proto-Germanic *keukǭ.


coler

English: choler

From Old French colere, from Latin cholera (which some forms are directly from).

Yellow bile as one of the four cardinal humours believed to influence health and mood.


cubite

English: cubit

Scots: cubit (obsolete)

An elbow; the joint in the centre of the arm.


yvory

English: ivory

From Anglo-Norman ivurie, from Latin eboreus.


yvory

English: ivory


nappen

nappen (infinitive)
to nappen (infinitive)
nappe (infinitive)
nappe (first-person present singular)
napped (first-person past singular)
nappest (present second-person singular)
nappedest (past second-person singular)
nappeth (present singular third-person)
napped (past singular third-person)
nappe (present singular subjunctive)
napped (past singular subjunctive)
nappe (imperative present singular)
nappen (plural present)
nappe (plural present)
nappeden (past plural)
nappede (past plural)
nappeth (imperative plural present)
nappe (imperative plural present)
nappynge (participle present)
nappende (participle present)
napped (participle past)
ynapped (participle past)

English: nap

Scots: nap

Inherited from Old English hnappian, from Proto-West Germanic *hnappōn, of unknown origin.


ston

enm-noun

ston (plural stones or ston or (early, rare) stonen)

stones (plural)
ston (plural)
stonen (plural rare)

English: stone (see there for further descendants)

Geordie English: styen

Scots: stane

Yola: sthoan

→ Anglo-Norman: ston

Inherited from Old English stān, from Proto-West Germanic *stain, from Proto-Germanic *stainaz.

A solid mass resembling stone, especially:


kirtel

English: kirtle

Scots: kirtle

Inherited from Old English cyrtel, akin to Old Norse kyrtill.

(anatomy, figurative) A tunic or membrane.


gutte

English: gut

Scots: gut

From Old English guttas (a plurale tantum), from Proto-Germanic *gut-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰewd- (“to pour”).

The chest or abdominal region, especially when representing excessive eating.


bouk

English: bouk (obsolete)

Scots: bouk, bowk, buik

From Old English būc, from Proto-West Germanic *būk, from Proto-Germanic *būkaz.


feture

English: feature

Scots: fayter, featur

From Anglo-Norman feture, from Latin factūra.

One's form or bodily profile; the overall appearance of a given human.

A feature or part (almost always of the human body or face)

(rare) A piece of handiwork or crafts; something created.

(rare) A living organism; a being (viewed as God's creation)


unobedient

(anatomy, of a limb or muscle) unresponsive, inflexible

(anatomy, of a humor) unresponsive, obstructive


goundy

English: goundy, gundy, gunny (dialectal)

From Old English gundiġ; equivalent to gounde + -y.


hyde

English: hide

Scots: hide, hyde


hyde

Alternative form of hyed: simple past/past participle of hyen (“to move quickly”)


tharm

English: tharm

Scots: thairm, tharm

From Old English þearm.
Cognate to Old Frisian therm, Middle Low German darm, Middle Dutch darm, daerm, derm, Middle High German darm, Old Swedish tharmber, and Ancient Greek τόρμος (tórmos).

(rare) A parasitic worm living in the intestines.


wombed

English: wombed

(Late Middle English) Possessing a stomach.


schinen

schinen (infinitive)
to schinen (infinitive)
schine (infinitive)
schine (first-person present singular)
schon (first-person past singular)
schined (first-person past singular)
schinest (present second-person singular)
schone (past second-person singular)
schine (past second-person singular)
schon (past second-person singular)
schinedest (past second-person singular)
schineth (present singular third-person)
schon (past singular third-person)
schined (past singular third-person)
schine (present singular subjunctive)
schone (past singular subjunctive)
schine (past singular subjunctive)
schined (past singular subjunctive)
schine (imperative present singular)
schinen (plural present)
schine (plural present)
schonen (past plural)
schone (past plural)
schinen (past plural)
schine (past plural)
schineden (past plural)
schinede (past plural)
schineth (imperative plural present)
schine (imperative plural present)
schinynge (participle present)
schinende (participle present)
schinen (participle past)
schined (participle past)
yschinen (participle past)
yschined (participle past)

English: shine

Scots: shine, shyne

From Old English scīnan, from Proto-West Germanic *skīnan, from Proto-Germanic *skīnaną.

To emit brightness and lightness; to shine:

To emit light inherently; to be light (like a sheet of paper)

To shimmer; to shine due to being glossy, smooth or viscous.

To be reflective or shine due to this reflectivity

To gleam; to shine due to expensive accoutrements.

To have skin that is fair and attractive.


mawe

English: maw

Scots: maw

From Old English maga, from Proto-West Germanic *magō, from Proto-Germanic *magô.

One of the various organs of the belly; one's entrails; especially:


scheden

enm-verb

scheden (third-person singular simple present schedeth, present participle schedynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative schedde, past participle sched)

schedeth (present singular third-person)
schedynge (participle present)
schedde (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
sched (participle past)
scheden (infinitive)
to scheden (infinitive)
schede (infinitive)
schede (first-person present singular)
schedde (first-person past singular)
sched (first-person past singular)
schedest (present second-person singular)
scheddest (past second-person singular)
schede (past second-person singular)
sched (past second-person singular)
schedeth (present singular third-person)
schedde (past singular third-person)
sched (past singular third-person)
schede (present singular subjunctive)
schedde (past singular subjunctive)
schede (past singular subjunctive)
schede (imperative present singular)
scheden (plural present)
schede (plural present)
schedden (past plural)
schedde (past plural)
scheden (past plural)
schede (past plural)
schedeth (imperative plural present)
schede (imperative plural present)
schedynge (participle present)
schedende (participle present)
sched (participle past)
scheden (participle past)
schede (participle past)
ysched (participle past)
yscheden (participle past)
yschede (participle past)

English: shed

Scots: shed

Yola: shet (preterite)

From Old English scēadan, scādan, from Proto-West Germanic *skaiþan, from Proto-Germanic *skaiþaną, from Proto-Indo-European *skeyt-.

To break up; to divide into pieces:
To separate out; to scatter.


schanke

English: shank

Scots: schank, schanck

From Old English sċanca, from Proto-West Germanic *skankō, from Proto-Germanic *skankô.


ballok

English: ballock, bollock

Scots: ballok

From Old English bealluc; equivalent to ball + -ok.


harneys

English: harness

Scots: harnish, herness

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman harneis, from Old Norse *hernest. See Old French hernois.

Gear, tools, implements:
Weaponry; implements for fighting.

Gear, tools, implements:
A full set or suit of armour.

Gear, tools, implements:
Horse tack, especially for a warhorse.

Supplies, equipment:
Household goods and items.


tothe

English: tooth

Scots: tuth, tuith


toþen

toþen (infinitive)
to toþen (infinitive)
toþe (infinitive)
toþe (first-person present singular)
toþed (first-person past singular)
toþest (present second-person singular)
toþedest (past second-person singular)
toþeth (present singular third-person)
toþed (past singular third-person)
toþe (present singular subjunctive)
toþed (past singular subjunctive)
toþe (imperative present singular)
toþen (plural present)
toþe (plural present)
toþeden (past plural)
toþede (past plural)
toþeth (imperative plural present)
toþe (imperative plural present)
toþynge (participle present)
toþende (participle present)
toþed (participle past)
ytoþed (participle past)

English: tooth


tethen

tethen (infinitive)
to tethen (infinitive)
tethe (infinitive)
tethe (first-person present singular)
tethed (first-person past singular)
tethest (present second-person singular)
tethedest (past second-person singular)
tetheth (present singular third-person)
tethed (past singular third-person)
tethe (present singular subjunctive)
tethed (past singular subjunctive)
tethe (imperative present singular)
tethen (plural present)
tethe (plural present)
tetheden (past plural)
tethede (past plural)
tetheth (imperative plural present)
tethe (imperative plural present)
tethynge (participle present)
tethende (participle present)
tethed (participle past)
ytethed (participle past)

English: teethe

Scots: teethe


bleden

bleden (infinitive)
to bleden (infinitive)
blede (infinitive)
blede (first-person present singular)
bledde (first-person past singular)
bledest (present second-person singular)
bleddest (past second-person singular)
bledeth (present singular third-person)
bledde (past singular third-person)
blede (present singular subjunctive)
bledde (past singular subjunctive)
blede (imperative present singular)
bleden (plural present)
blede (plural present)
bledden (past plural)
bledde (past plural)
bledeth (imperative plural present)
blede (imperative plural present)
bledynge (participle present)
bledende (participle present)
bled (participle past)
ybled (participle past)

English: bleed

Scots: blede, bleid

From Old English blēdan, from Proto-Germanic *blōþijaną.

To pass away (especially from blood loss caused by injury)


gyser

English: gizzard

Borrowed from Middle French gésier, guysier, from Old French gesier, from Latin gigēria.

(Late Middle English) A gizzard or liver; an organ for processing waste.


gyserne

English: gizzern

Scots: gizzern


wombe

English: womb

Geordie English: wyem

Scots: wame, wam

From Old English womb, wamb, from Proto-West Germanic *wambu, from Proto-Germanic *wambō. The final vowel is generalised from the Old English inflected forms.

(figurative) One's diet, nutritional habits or lifestyle.

The stomach (portion of a body between the torso and the chest):

The womb or uterus; the location where a baby gestates.

The digestive organs or entrails of an organism.


wevynge

English: weaving

Scots: weavin

(anatomy, rare) An array of various interwoven threads.


spyne

English: spine

Borrowed from Old French espine and its ancestor Latin spīna, from Proto-Italic *speinā.

A spine (prickle or needle of an animal)


schulder bone

English: shoulder bone

The scapula or shoulder bone (bone behind the shoulder).


schulder-blade

English: shoulderblade

(rare) The scapula or shoulder bone (bone behind the shoulder).


schuldre

enm-noun

schuldre (plural schuldres or schuldren)

English: shoulder

desc

Scots: schulder, schoulder, schouldir, schuder

Yola: shuller

From Old English sċuldra, sċuldor, from Proto-West Germanic *skuldru.

And ſotheli Sem and Jafeth puttiden a mentil on her ſchuldris, and thei ȝeden bacward, and hileden the ſchameful membris of her fadir, and her faces weren turned awei, and thei ſien not the priuy membris of her fadir.

a. 1382, John Wycliffe, “Genesis 9:23”, in Wycliffe's Bible:

Due to that, Shem and Japheth put a mantle on their shoulders, and they went backwards and covered their father's nether regions, so that they didn't see their father's privates.

The shoulder (as a joint or as a region of the body).

(figurative) One's strength or carrying capacity.

The part of a piece of clothing which surrounds the shoulder.


bladdre

English: bladder

Scots: bledder, blether

Yola: blautheer

From Old English blǣdre, blǣddre, blēdre, from Proto-West Germanic *blādrā, from Proto-Germanic *blēdrǭ.


browe

English: brow

Geordie English: broo

Scots: broo

Inherited from Old English brū, from Proto-West Germanic *brūu, from Proto-Germanic *brūwō. The final vowel is generalised from the Old English oblique forms.

The eyebrow (line of hair above the eyes)


herne panne

English: harnpan, harn-pan

Scots: harn-pan


brayn panne

English: brainpan, brain-pan

Scots: branepan (obsolete)

From Old English bræġenpanne; equivalent to brayn + panne.

The skull or brainpan, especially the upper portion.


brayn

English: brain

Scots: brane, braine

Yola: bryne, brine, brian

From Old English bræġn, from Proto-West Germanic *bragn, from Proto-Germanic *bragną.

Brain matter; the substance the brain is made of.


skynner

English: skinner

Scots: skinner

From skyn + -er; compare to Old Norse skinnari.


skynnen

enm-verb

skynnen (third-person singular simple present skynneth, present participle skynnende, skynnynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle skynned)

skynneth (present singular third-person)
skynnende (participle present)
skynnynge (participle present)
skynned (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
skynnen (infinitive)
to skynnen (infinitive)
skynne (infinitive)
skynne (first-person present singular)
skynned (first-person past singular)
skynnest (present second-person singular)
skynnedest (past second-person singular)
skynneth (present singular third-person)
skynned (past singular third-person)
skynne (present singular subjunctive)
skynned (past singular subjunctive)
skynne (imperative present singular)
skynnen (plural present)
skynne (plural present)
skynneden (past plural)
skynnede (past plural)
skynneth (imperative plural present)
skynne (imperative plural present)
skynnynge (participle present)
skynnende (participle present)
skynned (participle past)
yskynned (participle past)

English: skin

Scots: skin

From skyn + -en (infinitival suffix); compare to Old Norse skinna.

(rare) To remove the skin; to perform a circumcision.


tuskyd

English: tusked

Scots: tuskit (obsolete)


tusshe

English: tush

From Old English tūsc, from Proto-Germanic *tunþskaz. Compare tusk.


ȝerde

English: yard, yerd

Scots: yaird, yeard, yird

Inherited from Old English ġerd, from Proto-West Germanic *gaʀdi, from Proto-Germanic *gazdijō. related to Polish żerdź from Proto-Slavic *žьrdь ("perch, pole, ricker").

One's penis or phallus; the main sexual organ of a male.


schaver

English: shaver

(rare, Late Middle English) A haircutter; one who cuts peoples' hair.


schavynge

English: shaving

Scratching, filing, razoring, abrasion; the process of removing material


toppyng

English: topping

Scots: tappin

(rare, Late Middle English) A attachment for the top of a candle.


taylende

English: tail end, tail-end, tailend


botme

English: bottom
→ French: bottom

desc

Scots: boddem, boddum, boddam, boddom, bottome

Yola: bothom

From Old English botm, bodan, from Proto-Germanic *butmaz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰmḗn.

The lowest section of something; the bottom, especially of water:

The bottom portion of a ship's hull, or the line of wood running along it.


frount

English: front (see there for further descendants)

Scots: front

Borrowed from Old French front, from Latin frons.

The front; the forward side of something:

The front of the head; the face or forehead.


tayl

English: tail

Scots: tail, tale

Yola: tyel, taal

From Old English tæġl, from Proto-West Germanic *tagl, form Proto-Germanic *taglą, *taglaz.

(euphemistic) One's genitalia or nether regions.


dokkyn

dokkyn (infinitive)
to dokkyn (infinitive)
dokke (infinitive)
dokke (first-person present singular)
dokked (first-person past singular)
dokkest (present second-person singular)
dokkedest (past second-person singular)
dokketh (present singular third-person)
dokked (past singular third-person)
dokke (present singular subjunctive)
dokked (past singular subjunctive)
dokke (imperative present singular)
dokken (plural present)
dokke (plural present)
dokkeden (past plural)
dokkede (past plural)
dokketh (imperative plural present)
dokke (imperative plural present)
dokkynge (participle present)
dokkende (participle present)
dokked (participle past)
ydokked (participle past)

English: dock

Scots: dock

(rare, Late Middle English) To lessen one's rights or capabilities.


nayl

English: nail

Scots: nail, nale

Yola: niel

(rare) An ocular malady present in humans and animals.


mygge

From Old English micga, micge; related to miȝen (“to produce urine”).


miȝen

miȝen (infinitive)
to miȝen (infinitive)
miȝe (infinitive)
miȝe (first-person present singular)
mæh (first-person past singular)
meh (first-person past singular)
myhst (present second-person singular)
miȝe (past second-person singular)
mæh (past second-person singular)
meh (past second-person singular)
myhþ (present singular third-person)
mæh (past singular third-person)
meh (past singular third-person)
miȝe (present singular subjunctive)
miȝe (past singular subjunctive)
miȝe (imperative present singular)
miȝen (plural present)
miȝe (plural present)
miȝen (past plural)
miȝe (past plural)
miȝeþ (imperative plural present)
miȝe (imperative plural present)
miȝende (participle present)
miȝen (participle past)
ȝemiȝen (participle past)
imiȝen (participle past)

(Early Middle English) To produce urine; to urinate.


pyssynge

English: pissing

Scots: pishin


pissere

English: pisser


lether

desctree

English: leather
Tok Pisin: let
→ Esperanto: ledo
→ Ido: ledro

Scots: lether, ledder, leither

Yola: luther (verb)

Inherited from Old English leþer, from Proto-West Germanic *leþr, from Proto-Germanic *leþrą, from Proto-Indo-European *letróm.

(rare, Late Middle English) An ocular tumor.


visioun

English: vision

Scots: veesion

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman visioun, from Latin vīsiōnem, accusative singular of vīsiō.

A vision; an illusory image, apparition or mirage.


brewe

English: bree (dialectal)

Scots: brew, bree

From Old English brǣw, brēaw, brēġ, from Proto-Germanic *brēwō (besides *brūwō → Middle English browe).


writhyng

English: writhing


kemben

enm-verb

kemben (third-person singular simple present kembeth, present participle kembynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative kempte, past participle kempt)

kembeth (present singular third-person)
kembynge (participle present)
kempte (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
kempt (participle past)
kemben (infinitive)
to kemben (infinitive)
kembe (infinitive)
kembe (first-person present singular)
kembed (first-person past singular)
kempte (first-person past singular)
kembest (present second-person singular)
kembedest (past second-person singular)
kemptest (past second-person singular)
kembeth (present singular third-person)
kembed (past singular third-person)
kempte (past singular third-person)
kembe (present singular subjunctive)
kembed (past singular subjunctive)
kempte (past singular subjunctive)
kembe (imperative present singular)
kemben (plural present)
kembe (plural present)
kembeden (past plural)
kembede (past plural)
kempten (past plural)
kempte (past plural)
kembeth (imperative plural present)
kembe (imperative plural present)
kembynge (participle present)
kembende (participle present)
kembed (participle past)
kempt (participle past)
ykembed (participle past)
ykempt (participle past)

English: kemb (obsolete except for kempt, unkempt), comb (remodelled on the noun)

Scots: kem, keme

Yola: khimed (preterite)

From Old English cemban, from Proto-West Germanic *kambijan, from Proto-Germanic *kambijaną.

But first he cheweth greyn and lycorys / To smellen sweete, er he hadde kembd his heer.

To comb or brush one's hair; to use a comb.


elbowe

English: elbow

Scots: elbuck

Yola: helbough, helboge

From Old English elnboga, elboga, from Proto-Germanic *alinabugô; equivalent to elne + bowe.

(rare) A tassel suspended from the elbow.


chyne

English: chine (chink)

Scots: chin, chun

From Old English ċine, ċinu, from Proto-West Germanic *kinu, from Proto-Germanic *kinō. Forms with /iː/ are influenced by chynen.

(pathology) opening (of an injury or wound)


chyne

English: chine

From Old French eschine, from Frankish *skinu, from Proto-Germanic *skinō. Doublet of schyne (“shin”).


thenoun

Borrowed from Latin tenōn, from Ancient Greek τένων (ténōn).


spewynge

English: spewing

Scots: spewin


spewen

spewen (third-person singular simple present speweth, present participle spewende, spewynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle spewed)

speweth (present singular third-person)
spewende (participle present)
spewynge (participle present)
spewed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
spewen (infinitive)
to spewen (infinitive)
spewe (infinitive)
spewe (first-person present singular)
spewed (first-person past singular)
spewest (present second-person singular)
spewedest (past second-person singular)
speweth (present singular third-person)
spewed (past singular third-person)
spewe (present singular subjunctive)
spewed (past singular subjunctive)
spewe (imperative present singular)
spewen (plural present)
spewe (plural present)
speweden (past plural)
spewede (past plural)
speweth (imperative plural present)
spewe (imperative plural present)
spewynge (participle present)
spewende (participle present)
spewed (participle past)
spowen (participle past)
spowe (participle past)
yspewed (participle past)

English: spew

Scots: spew

From Old English spīwan (strong class 1).

To spew (regurgitate partially-digested food)


ooneyed

English: one-eyed

Scots: ane-eit, aan eet

From Old English ānēġed, from Proto-Germanic *ainaugidaz. Equivalent to oon + eyed.


bakbon

English: backbone

Scots: backbane


gounde

q

dialectal <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">gund</i>

English: gound (dialectal gund)

From Old English gund, from Proto-Germanic *gundaz.

Gum that is deposited in sore eyes; gound.


columpne

English: column

Scots: column

From Old French columne, from Latin columna.


glasy

English: glassy

Scots: glessy, glessie

Resembling glass; glasslike or glassy:
(of mucus) Opaque, runny and greyish.

Resembling glass; glasslike or glassy:
Opaque, runny and greyish.


tretys

From Old French traitiz, from Vulgar Latin *tractīcius.

Ful semyly hir wympul pynched was /Hir nose tretys, hir eyen greye as glas[…]

a. 1394, Geoffrey Chaucer, “General Prologue”, in The Canterbury Tales, lines 151–152:

Her wimple was folded in quite a seemly way / Her nose [was] slender; her eyes [were] grey like glass […]

(usually of a visage or one's nose) Having seemly or attractive proportions; i.e. slender.


gruntynge

English: grunting


snowte

English: snout

Scots: snout, snoot

→ English: snoot

From Middle Dutch snute or Middle Low German snute; both ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *snūt.

The facial features or appearance of a person; how one's face looks.


grunten

enm-verb

grunten (third-person singular simple present grunteth, present participle gruntynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative grunte, past participle grunt)

grunteth (present singular third-person)
gruntynge (participle present)
grunte (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
grunt (participle past)
grunten (infinitive)
to grunten (infinitive)
grunte (infinitive)
grunte (first-person present singular)
grunte (first-person past singular)
grunted (first-person past singular)
gruntest (present second-person singular)
gruntest (past second-person singular)
gruntedest (past second-person singular)
grunteth (present singular third-person)
grunte (past singular third-person)
grunted (past singular third-person)
grunte (present singular subjunctive)
grunte (past singular subjunctive)
grunted (past singular subjunctive)
grunte (imperative present singular)
grunten (plural present)
grunte (plural present)
grunten (past plural)
grunte (past plural)
grunteden (past plural)
gruntede (past plural)
grunteth (imperative plural present)
grunte (imperative plural present)
gruntynge (participle present)
gruntende (participle present)
grunt (participle past)
grunted (participle past)

English: grunt

Scots: grunt

Inherited from Old English grunnettan, from Proto-West Germanic *grunnattjan, from Proto-Germanic *grunnatjaną. Equivalent to groynen + -ten.


crownynge

English: crowning

(rare) The placing of a wreath on one's head.


coronement

English: crownment

From Old French coronement, coronemant; equivalent to corounen + -ment.

(rare) The placing of a wreath or halo on one's head.


coroune

English: crown (see there for further descendants)

Scots: croun, croon

→ Welsh: coron

From Anglo-Norman coroune, curune, corone, from Latin corōna, from Ancient Greek κορώνη (korṓnē).

⁊ in þe cumpas of þe ſeete.· weren foure ⁊ twentı ſmale ſeetıs ⁊ abouen þe troones foure ⁊ twentı eldere men ſıttynge. hılıd aboute wıþ whıte cloþıs.· ⁊ in þe heedıs of hem golden coꝛouns

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 4:4, page 118v, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010

And around the perimeter of the seat there were twenty-four small seats, and on those seats twenty-four elders sat, wearing white clothing and having golden crowns on their heads.

An important, symbolic, or significant piece of headwear:

A coronet or tiara; headgear of lesser (religious or secular) leaders.


horynesse

English: hoariness

(rare) The state of being hoary; hoariness.


hornesse

Inherited from Old English hārnes; equivalent to hor (“hoar”) + -nesse.


scheltroun

English: sheltron; shelter (possibly)

Middle Scots: schiltrum

From Old English sċildtruma, sċeltruma; equivalent to scheld + trome.


heedles

English: headless

Scots: heidless

From Old English hēafodlēas; equivalent to heed + -les.


almerie

desc

English: ambry, almery, aumbrie, aumbry, ambery

Scots: aumry, amry, amery, aumbry, ambry

From Anglo-Norman almarie, aumer, etc., from Old French almarie, from Latin armārium.


þigh

English: thigh

Scots: thee


emeroides

English: hemorrhoids, haemorrhoids, emerods

From Old French emorroides, from Latin haemorrhoidae, from Ancient Greek αἱμορροΐς (haimorrhoḯs).


hors her

English: horsehair


paunche

English: paunch

Scots: painch

From Old French pance, from Latin panticem, accusative of pantex. Doublet of paunce.


faxwax

English: paxwax

From fax (“head hair”) + waxen (“to grow”).

The nuchal ligament (supporting the back of the neck)


sculle

English: skull

gl

forms with -t merger with or from Old Norse <i class="Latn mention" lang="non">skoltr</i>

Scots: scull, skult, skolt (forms with -t merger with or from Old Norse skoltr)

Origin uncertain. Likely from Old Norse *skulli, a variant of skalli (“bald head, skull”). Compare dialectal Swedish skulle (“skull”). Compare also Old Norse skoltr (“browridge”), Norwegian skolt (“skull, pate”).


brawne

English: brawn

Scots: bran

From Old French braon, from Frankish *brādon, *brādan, accusative form of *brādō, from Proto-Germanic *brēdô (“meat, roast”). Doublet of brede (“roasted meat”).


pyntel

English: pintle

Scots: pintle

From Old English pintel, from Proto-Germanic *pint-.


ydole

English: idol

Scots: eedol

Borrowed from Old French idole, idele, from Latin īdōlum, from Ancient Greek εἴδωλον (eídōlon).

(rare, technical) An image formed at the eye.


sched

q

dialectal <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">shode</i>

English: shed (dialectal shode)

Scots: shed

A conflation of Old English sċēada and ġesċēad; compare scheden.


inscicioun

English: incision

From Middle French incision, from Latin incisiō.


croket

English: crocket

From Anglo-Norman croket; a doublet of crochet.


spawde

English: spauld

Scots: spaul

From Old French espalde (French épaule), from Latin spatula.


loyne

From Old French loigne, from Medieval Latin longia, longea.

(especially falconry) A cord used as a leash or restraint.


calwe

English: callow

From calw-, the oblique stem of Old English calu, from Proto-West Germanic *kalu, from Proto-Germanic *kalwaz.


muscilage

English: mucilage

Borrowed from Middle French mucilage, from Late Latin mūcilāgō.


lyvere

English: liver

Yola: lewer


mayle

English: mail

Scots: mail

Borrowed from Old French maille, from Latin macula. Doublet of macula.


marowy

English: marrowy

Containing or resembling bone marrow; marrowy.


marow

English: marrow

Scots: merch, mery, mairch

Yola: marrough

From Old English mearg, from Proto-West Germanic *maʀg, from Proto-Germanic *mazgą, from Proto-Indo-European *mosgʰós.

The inside of fruits, grains, nuts, or seeds.


spryng

English: spring

Scots: spring

Originally two distinct nouns:
* Old English spring, from Proto-West Germanic *spring, from Proto-Germanic *springaz (“watersource”).
* Old English spryng, from Proto-West Germanic *sprungi, from Proto-Germanic *sprungiz (“leap”), both nouns ultimately related to *springaną.

New growth of plants or trees; a twig, shrub, or a mass of shrubs.

(rare) The growth or appearance of hair.


colar bane

English: collarbone

The scherand suerd glaid to the colar bane.

c. 1475, Blind Harry, edited by James Moir, The Acts and Deidis of the Illustere and Vailȝeand Campioun Schir William Wallace, Knicht of Ellerslie, Edinburgh, London: Printed for the Society by William Blackwood and Sons, published 1889, page 15, line 414:


jawe bone

English: jawbone

And whan aymonet saw hym so wounded he gaff constans soo grete a stroke vpon the ere, that he bare it awaye wyth all the iawe bone /[…]

c. 1489, William Caxton, transl., The Right Plesaunt and Goodly Historie of the Foure Sonnes of Aymon (The English Charlemagne Romances; part XI), London: Published for the Early English Text Society by N. Trübner & Co., published 1885, page 562:


nekke bon

English: neckbone

Scots: neckbane


ryngbon

English: ringbone

Middle Scots: ringbane

From ryng (“ring”) + bon (“bone”). Old English hringbān is probably unrelated, as it means "eye socket" and there is a long gap in attestation.


synwy

English: sinewy

Tendonous; having tendons or a large amount of them.

(literary, rare) Possessing nerves; nerved.

(botany, rare, of leaves) Possessing veins; veined.


hoxen

enm-verb

hoxen (third-person singular simple present hoxeth, present participle hoxende, hoxynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle hoxed)

hoxeth (present singular third-person)
hoxende (participle present)
hoxynge (participle present)
hoxed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
hoxen (infinitive)
to hoxen (infinitive)
hoxe (infinitive)
hoxe (first-person present singular)
hoxed (first-person past singular)
hoxest (present second-person singular)
hoxedest (past second-person singular)
hoxeth (present singular third-person)
hoxed (past singular third-person)
hoxe (present singular subjunctive)
hoxed (past singular subjunctive)
hoxe (imperative present singular)
hoxen (plural present)
hoxe (plural present)
hoxeden (past plural)
hoxede (past plural)
hoxeth (imperative plural present)
hoxe (imperative plural present)
hoxynge (participle present)
hoxende (participle present)
hoxed (participle past)
yhoxed (participle past)

English: hox (obsolete)

From earlier hoxenen, from the noun *hoxene (only attested as hokschyne, with alteration after schyne), from Old English hōhsinu, from hōh (“heel”) + sinu (“sinew”) (compare hough, synwe).

(rare) To hamstring; to cut the hamstring of an animal.


synwe

English: sinew

Scots: sinnon, sinnen, sennin, shinnon

From the oblique forms of Old English sinu, seonu, from Proto-West Germanic *sinu, from Proto-Germanic *senawō, from Proto-Indo-European *snḗh₁wr̥; thus a doublet of nerve.
Some forms are influenced by Old Norse sin.

(specifically) An animal sinew cooked as meat.


hokschyne

desc

English: huxen, huckson, huxon, huckshin, hucksheen (influenced by shin) (dialectal, obsolete)

Inherited from Old English hōhsinu, from Proto-West Germanic *hą̄hasinu, from Proto-Germanic *hanhasinwō; equivalent to hough (“heel”) + synwe (“sinew”).
In all attested forms, the second element has been remodelled after schyne (“shin”), though forms without this remodelling survived in Modern English dialects and the verb hoxen.

James A. H. Murray
w:James Murray (lexicographer)

Oxford English Dictionary
w:Oxford English Dictionary

Clarendon Press
w:Oxford University Press


berdles

English: beardless

Scots: beardless

Inherited from Old English beardlēas; by surface analysis, berd + -les.


wynken

enm-verb

wynken (third-person singular simple present wynketh, present participle wynkende, wynkynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle wynked)

wynketh (present singular third-person)
wynkende (participle present)
wynkynge (participle present)
wynked (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
wynken (infinitive)
to wynken (infinitive)
wynke (infinitive)
wynke (first-person present singular)
wynked (first-person past singular)
wynkest (present second-person singular)
wynkedest (past second-person singular)
wynketh (present singular third-person)
wynked (past singular third-person)
wynke (present singular subjunctive)
wynked (past singular subjunctive)
wynke (imperative present singular)
wynken (plural present)
wynke (plural present)
wynkeden (past plural)
wynkede (past plural)
wynketh (imperative plural present)
wynke (imperative plural present)
wynkynge (participle present)
wynkende (participle present)
wynked (participle past)

English: wink

Scots: wink

From Old English wincian, from Proto-West Germanic *winkōn. Compare wyncen.


pouten

pouten (third-person singular simple present pouteth, present participle poutende, poutynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle pouted)

pouteth (present singular third-person)
poutende (participle present)
poutynge (participle present)
pouted (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
counten (infinitive)
to counten (infinitive)
counte (first-person present singular)
counted (first-person past singular)
countest (present second-person singular)
countedest (past second-person singular)
counteth (present singular third-person)
counted (past singular third-person)
counte (present singular subjunctive)
counted (past singular subjunctive)
counte (imperative present singular)
counten (plural present)
counte (plural present)
counteden (past plural)
countede (past plural)
counteth (imperative plural present)
counte (imperative plural present)
countynge (participle present)
countende (participle present)
counted (participle past)
ycounted (participle past)

English: pout

Probably borrowed from North Germanic, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *pūtō (“swollen”).