holy bred

Leavened bread given to people present in a Communion; eulogia.


moldyng

English: molding, moulding


calch

From Old English cælċ, syncopic form of caliċ, ċeliċ, from Proto-West Germanic *kalik, from Latin calix, from Ancient Greek κάλυξ (kálux). Doublet of chalis.

(Early Middle English, rare) A chalice for wine used at the Eucharist.


Macomet

English: Mahomet

Borrowed from Latin Machometus, Mahometus; deriving from Andalusian Arabic مَحُمَّدْ (“Maḥummad”), ultimately derived from Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad). Doublet of Mahown and mawmet.


Mahown

English: Mahound

Scots: Mahoun

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman Mahun and Old French Mahum, Mahom, shortened from Mahomed (“Muhammad”), from Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad). Doublet of Macomet and mawmet.


mawmetrie

English: mammetry

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman maumeterie, mahumetterie; equivalent to mawmet + -erie.

Islam (improperly understood as paganism)

Idolatry, paganism:
Occult practices; witchcraft.


ydole

English: idol

Scots: eedol

Borrowed from Old French idole, idele, from Latin īdōlum, from Ancient Greek εἴδωλον (eídōlon).


ydolatrie

English: idolatry

From Old French idolatrie, ydolatrie, from Late Latin īdōlatrīa, from Ecclesiastical Latin īdōlolatrīa, from Ancient Greek εἰδωλολατρείᾱ (eidōlolatreíā), εἰδωλολατρίᾱ (eidōlolatríā). Compare ydole (“idol”).

εἰδωλολατρείᾱ


ydolatrer

English: idolater

From Middle French idolatre, from Latin idololatra; sometimes remodelled as ydolatrie + -er.


wyndynge

English: winding


lymbo

English: limbo

From Latin limbō, ablative of limbus, in the expression in limbō (“on the edge”). Compare limbus.

(Late Middle English) limbo (waiting place for souls)


canoun

English: canon

Scots: canon

From Old French canon, from Latin canōn, from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn).


crouche

English: crouch (obsolete)

From Old English crūċ, from Latin crucem. Doublet of cross and croys.
The final vowel is generalised from the Old English oblique cases.

sign of the cross
sign of the cross#English

A representation of a cross (e.g. a crucifix, the sign of the cross)


crouchen

crouchen (infinitive)
to crouchen (infinitive)
crouche (infinitive)
crouche (first-person present singular)
crouched (first-person past singular)
crouchest (present second-person singular)
crouchedest (past second-person singular)
croucheth (present singular third-person)
crouched (past singular third-person)
crouche (present singular subjunctive)
crouched (past singular subjunctive)
crouche (imperative present singular)
crouchen (plural present)
crouche (plural present)
croucheden (past plural)
crouchede (past plural)
croucheth (imperative plural present)
crouche (imperative plural present)
crouchynge (participle present)
crouchende (participle present)
crouched (participle past)
ycrouched (participle past)

English: crouch (obsolete)

From crouche + -en (infinitival suffix).


crouchen

English: crouch

Scots: crooch, crouch

A variant of croken influenced by couchen.


benysoun

English: benison

Scots: bennison

Yola: benisons (plural)

Borrowed from Old French beneïson, from Latin benedictio; compare malisoun. Doublet of benediccion.

A blessing (request for divine favour).
Grace (prayer of thanks)


benediccion

English: benediction

Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin benedictio, benedictionem; compare malediccion. Doublet of benysoun.


malisoun

English: malison

Scots: mellishon

Borrowed from Old French maleison, from Latin maledictiō; compare benysoun. Doublet of malediccion.


carpentrie

English: carpentry

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman carpenterie; equivalent to carpenter + -ie.


dwele

From Old English ġedwola, dwola, with the vowel of dwelen.


dwellynge

English: dwelling


dwergh

English: dwarf

Scots: droich, droch

→ Scottish Gaelic: troich

From Old English dweorg, from Proto-West Germanic *dwerg, from Proto-Germanic *dwergaz.

dwarf, pygmy (member of a mythological race of dwarfs)


trinite

English: Trinity

Scots: treenity, Tarnty

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman trinite and Old French ternite, from Latin trīnitās, trīnitātem; equivalent to trine + -ite.


crismatorie

English: chrismatory

From Medieval Latin chrismatōrium; equivalent to crisme + -atorie.


basyn

English: basin

Scots: bashin

→ Irish: báisín

Borrowed from Old French bacin, from Vulgar Latin *baccinum.

A basin (large bowl):
(rare) A basin-shaped gong.

A basin (large bowl):
A basin-shaped gong.


chapeleyn

English: chaplain

Scots: chaplain

From Old French chapelain, from Latin cappellānus; compare chapele.

A chaplain; a clergy member serving at a chapel.


purgacioun

English: purgation

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman purgacion, from Latin pūrgātiō; equivalent to purgen + -acioun.

A cleansing or purification:
Cleansing from sin.

Purging of the body, especially evacuation.


abbathie

English: abbacy

Scots: abbacy, abbasy, abbacie

From Late Latin abbātia, from abbās, abbātis (“abbot”). Doublet of abbey.


confermen

confermen (infinitive)
to confermen (infinitive)
conferme (infinitive)
conferme (first-person present singular)
confermed (first-person past singular)
confermest (present second-person singular)
confermedest (past second-person singular)
confermeth (present singular third-person)
confermed (past singular third-person)
conferme (present singular subjunctive)
confermed (past singular subjunctive)
conferme (imperative present singular)
confermen (plural present)
conferme (plural present)
confermeden (past plural)
confermede (past plural)
confermeth (imperative plural present)
conferme (imperative plural present)
confermynge (participle present)
confermende (participle present)
confermed (participle past)

English: confirm

Borrowed from Old French confermer, from Latin confirmō; equivalent to con- + fermen.

To confirm (perform the sacrament of confirmation)


confermement

Borrowed from Old French confermement, from Medieval Latin confirmāmentum; equivalent to confermen + -ment.

(Christianity) The sacrament of confirmation.


confermynge

English: confirming


confirmacioun

English: confirmation

From Old French confirmacion, from Latin confirmātiō; equivalent to confermen + -acioun.


matyns

English: matins

Borrowed from Old French matins, plural of matin, from Latin mātūtīnum.


wyfly

English: wifely

Scots: wifely (obsolete)

Either from Old English wīflīċ (itself from Proto-West Germanic *wībalīk) or a new formation from wyf + -ly (adjectival suffix).


lordles

English: lordless

From Old English hlāfordlēas; equivalent to lord + -les.


creaunce

English: creance

Borrowed from Old French creance (earlier credance), from Latin crēdentia. Doublet of credence.


scluse

English: sluice

From Old French escluse, from Late Latin exclūsa.


fyry

q

obsolete <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">firy</i>

English: fiery (obsolete firy)

Scots: firy

Like fire; pertaining to fire:
Influenced by fire (as in alchemy)


wasshen

wasshen (infinitive)
to wasshen (infinitive)
wasshe (infinitive)
wasshe (first-person present singular)
wessh (first-person past singular)
wossh (first-person past singular)
wasshest (present second-person singular)
wesshe (past second-person singular)
wosshe (past second-person singular)
wessh (past second-person singular)
wossh (past second-person singular)
wassheth (present singular third-person)
wessh (past singular third-person)
wossh (past singular third-person)
wasshe (present singular subjunctive)
wesshe (past singular subjunctive)
wosshe (past singular subjunctive)
wasshe (imperative present singular)
wasshen (plural present)
wasshe (plural present)
wesshen (past plural)
wesshe (past plural)
wosshen (past plural)
wosshe (past plural)
wassheth (imperative plural present)
wasshe (imperative plural present)
wasshynge (participle present)
wasshende (participle present)
wasshen (participle past)
wasshe (participle past)
ywasshe (participle past)

English: wash
→ Swazi: washa

Scots: wash, wesh

From Old English wascan, from Proto-West Germanic *waskan, from Proto-Germanic *waskaną.

[⁊ of iheſu criſt] þat is a feiþful witneſſe .· þe firſte bigeten of deed men · ⁊ pꝛynce of kyngis of þe erþe / which louyde vs / ⁊ waiſchide vs fro oure ſynnes in his blood[…]

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 1:5, page 117v; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

[of Jesus Christ,] / who is a reliable witness, the firstborn of the dead, and sovereign over the rulers of the Earth, who loved us and cleansed us from our sins with his blood […]

(religion) To cleanse (e.g. from sin or disease).


wasshynge

English: washing

Middle Scots: wasching

Scots: washin

From Old English *wæsċing, equivalent to wasshen + -ing.

(figurative) Purification; spiritual cleansing.

The process of washing or cleaning:
Purification; spiritual cleansing.


acounte

desctree

English: account
→ Bulgarian: ака́унт (akáunt)
→ Japanese: アカウント (akaunto)
→ Malay: akaun
→ Pohnpeian: akaund
→ Russian: аккаунт (akkaunt)
→ Swahili: akaunti

Scots: accoont, account

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman acounte, aconte, from aconter (see acounten). Equivalent to a- + counte (“computation”).

(specifically) One's explanation at the Last Judgement.


macche

English: match (see there for further descendants)

Scots: match

From Old English mæċċa, ġemæċċa, from Proto-West Germanic *makkjō, *gamakkjō. Compare make (“bride, equal”).

A bride or mate; a romantic or sexual partner.


maunde

English: maundy (Maundy Thursday)

Borrowed from Old French mande, from Latin mandātum.


servyle

English: servile

Borrowed from Old French servil, servile, from Latin servīlis; equivalent to serven + -yle.


servisable

English: serviceable

Borrowed from Old French servisable; equivalent to servise + -able. Compare serviable.


cristenly

English: christenly


myscreaunce

English: miscreance

Borrowed from Old French mescreance; equivalent to mys- + creaunce. Compare myscreaunt.

Belief in a false religion, especially paganism.


myscreaunt

English: miscreant

Borrowed from Old French mescreant; possibly equivalent to mys- + creaunt. Compare myscreaunce.

A believer in a false religion: a pagan or heretic.


dongeoun

English: dungeon, donjon

Scots: dungeon

Borrowed from Old French donjon (“main residence of a castle, fortified tower”). The sense "underground cell below the keep of a castle", first attested in Anglo-Norman (13th c.) and not in other varieties of Old French, may have been influenced by the etymologically unrelated Old English dung (“underground prison cell”). An early manuscript (c1300) of the Middle English poem A disputacion bytwene þe bodi and þe soule uses the word "donge" in the same line, cited below, where the later Vernon manuscript (c. 1380-1400) uses the word "dungoun" ("Þe erþe hemsulf it lek aȝeyn, Anon þe donge it was fordit").

m+

The eorthe closede hit self aȝeyn, And the dungoun was for-dit.

c. 1325 – 1390, A disputacion bytwene þe bodi and þe soule, (Vernon manuscript)


roundell

And songen all the roundell lustely

1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Knyghtes Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC:

(music) roundel: a roundelay or rondelay


walk-mylne

English: waulkmill, walkmill, waukmill

Scots: waulk-mill

From walken + mylne; compare parallel formations in other West Germanic languages such as Middle Dutch walcmōlen.


manquellere

English: manqueller

From man (“man, person”) + quellere (“killer”).

af

(Christianity, figurative) One who leads others towards eternal damnation.


assheler

English: ashlar, ashler

Scots: aislar, aisler, aishler, estler

From Old French esselier, from Medieval Latin ascelāris, assellāris (for *axillāris, which is in fact attested, but only from Renaissance Latin onwards).


pencioun

English: pension

Scots: pension

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman and Middle French pencion, pension, from Latin pēnsiō, pēnsiōnem.

A payment or stipend given from church finances.


Petres peny

English: Peter's pence

From Petres (genitive of Peter (“Peter”)) + peny (“penny”) or pens (“pence”) or other similar formations.

genitive of <i class="Latn mention" lang="enm">Peter</i> (“Peter”)

Peter's pence, alms-fee (tax due to Rome collected from English homes)


mensken

enm-verb

mensken (third-person singular simple present mensketh, present participle menskynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle mensked)

mensketh (present singular third-person)
menskynge (participle present)
mensked (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
mensken (infinitive)
to mensken (infinitive)
menske (infinitive)
menske (first-person present singular)
mensked (first-person past singular)
menskest (present second-person singular)
menskedest (past second-person singular)
mensketh (present singular third-person)
mensked (past singular third-person)
menske (present singular subjunctive)
mensked (past singular subjunctive)
menske (imperative present singular)
mensken (plural present)
menske (plural present)
menskeden (past plural)
menskede (past plural)
mensketh (imperative plural present)
menske (imperative plural present)
menskynge (participle present)
menskende (participle present)
mensked (participle past)

English: mense (dialectal)

Scots: mense

From menske (“honour”) + -en (infinitival suffix).

af

To worship or supplicate; to give reverence to.


lardener

English: lardiner (historical)

Scots: laidner (obsolete)

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman lardiner, apparently an alteration of larder (“larder”) after gardiner (“gardener”).

Þ[ar]for þe men off þat countꝛe / ffor ſwa fele þar mellit wer / Callit it þe Dowglas laꝛdner

c. 1375, “Book V”, in Iohne Barbour, De geſtis bellis et uirtutibus domini Roberti de Brwyß […] (The Brus, Advocates MS. 19.2.2), Ouchtirmunſye: Iohannes Ramſay, published 1489, folio 17, verso, lines 408-410; republished at Edinburgh: National Library of Scotland, c. 2010:

So people from that region, / because so many [corpses] were jumbled there, / called it "the Douglas larder".


wyndmylne

English: windmill

Equivalent to wynd + mylne; compare parallel formations in other West Germanic languages such as Middle Dutch wintmōlen.


burdoun

→ English: bourdon

Middle Scots: burdoun

Borrowed from Old French bordon, from Medieval Latin burdō, burdōnem (“pilgrim's staff”).


burdoun

English: burden, bourdon

→ Irish: burdún

Borrowed from Old French bordon, from Medieval Latin burdō, burdōnem (“drone”).

(music) An undersong or accompaniment (typically low in pitch).


surplys

English: surplice

Borrowed from Old French surpeliz, from Medieval Latin superpelliceum.

A surplice (clerical vestment, also referring to an ephod)


awbe

English: alb

From Old French and Old English albe, both from Latin alba, feminine of albus (“white”), in tunica alba (“white tunic”), vestis alba (“white garment”), etc.


thral

English: thrall

Scots: thirl

Inherited from Old English þrǣl, from Old Norse þræll, from Proto-Germanic *þragilaz. The short vowel is presumably from compounds such as thraldom.

A follower or servant of a deity or vice.


saveour

English: savior, saviour; Savior, Saviour

Scots: saviour; Saviour

Borrowed from Old French sauveor, salveor, from Latin salvātor; equivalent to saven + -our. Doublet of salvatour.

(theology) A salvific religious figure, especially Jesus.


salvatour

English: salvator

Learned borrowing from Latin salvātor; equivalent to saven + -atour. Doublet of saveour.

(Christianity) Jesus or a depiction of him.


savete

English: safety

Scots: safety, sauftie, safity

Borrowed from Old French sauvete, salvete, from Medieval Latin salvitās, salvitātem; equivalent to saven + -te.

Salvation; deliverance from eternal doom.


naperoun

English: apron

Scots: apern, aupron, awpron

Borrowed from Old French napperon (“tablecloth”); related to nape (“tablecloth”). The initial n was frequently reinterpreted as part of the preceding article in this word.


savynge

English: saving

Saving, preservation; the act of making safe or functional.


bemere

Inherited from Old English bȳmere, bēmere, equivalent to bemen (“to trumpet”) + -er.


pallioun

Borrowed from Old French pallion, from Latin pallium. Compare pal.

(Christianity) A pallium or a similar vestment.


soule-hele

One's spiritual wellbeing; the health of one's soul.

That which provides spiritual wellbeing or healing.


corner ston

desc

English: cornerstone, corner-stone, corner stone

Scots: cornerstane

Compound of corner + ston; a calque of Latin lapis angularis.

foꝛ which þing þe ſcripture ſeiþ / lo I ſchal ſette in ſyon þe hiȝeſt coꝛner ſtoo[n] [translating lapidem angularem] choſen ⁊ [pꝛe]ciouſe / ⁊ he þat ſchal bileue in hi[m] ſchal not be confou[n]dide

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Petre ·i· 2:6, page 111v, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

Because Scripture says the following: "I'll lay the topmost cornerstone, chosen and precious, in Zion; anyone who believes in him will not be troubled."


schip bord

English: shipboard


stedefastnesse

English: steadfastness

Middle Scots: steidfastnes

Inherited from Old English stedefæstnes; equivalent to stedefast + -nesse.

Immutableness, inalterability; the state of being unalterable.

Perdurance; continual existence or endurance.


dryenesse

English: dryness

(religion) A lack of motivation or inspiration.


dremynge

English: dreaming

Inherited from Old English drēaming; equivalent to dremen + -ing.

Dreaming; the condition of having a dream.


teyen

enm-verb

teyen (third-person singular simple present teyeth, present participle teyinge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle teyed)

teyeth (present singular third-person)
teyinge (participle present)
teyed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
teyen (infinitive)
to teyen (infinitive)
teye (infinitive)
teye (first-person present singular)
teyed (first-person past singular)
teyde (first-person past singular)
teyest (present second-person singular)
teyedest (past second-person singular)
teydest (past second-person singular)
teyeth (present singular third-person)
teyed (past singular third-person)
teyde (past singular third-person)
teye (present singular subjunctive)
teyed (past singular subjunctive)
teyde (past singular subjunctive)
teye (imperative present singular)
teyen (plural present)
teye (plural present)
teyeden (past plural)
teyede (past plural)
teyden (past plural)
teyde (past plural)
teyeth (imperative plural present)
teye (imperative plural present)
teyinge (participle present)
teyende (participle present)
teyed (participle past)
teyd (participle past)
yteyed (participle past)
yteyd (participle past)

English: tie

Scots: tee, tie

Inherited from Old English tīeġan, *tēġan, from Proto-West Germanic *taugijan, from Proto-Germanic *taugijaną; equivalent to teye (“cord”) + -en (infinitival suffix).

af

To restrain, limit or shackle (especially by tying)


gydy

English: giddy

Scots: giddy

Inherited from Old English gidiġ, gydiġ, from Proto-West Germanic *gudīg; compare god.


beggere

English: beggar

Scots: beggar

Either borrowed from Old French begart (from Middle Dutch beggaert) or formed anew from beggen + -er.


lovere

English: lover

Scots: luver, lover

From loven (“to love”) + -er, replacing Old English lufiend.

A friend; one who is favorable towards someone or something:

A devout follower or worshipper of a deity.


lovynge

English: loving

Scots: luvin

Inherited from Old English lufung; equivalent to loven (“to love”) + -ing.

(Christianity) Devotion to or adoration of God.

A feeling of love or care:
Devotion to or adoration of God.


lovynge

Middle Scots: loving

Inherited from Old English lofung; equivalent to loven (“to praise”) + -ing.

Praise, commendation; the act or practice of glorifying:

Words for reverencing a deity; a hymn or prayer.


symulacre

English: simulacre (obsolete)

Borrowed from Middle French simulacre, from Old French simulacre, simulachre, from Latin simulacrum; compare simulen.


revelynge

English: reveling

revelry, celebration (in general or a specific example)


schite

English: shit, shite

Scots: shit

Inherited from Old English sċitte, *sċite, from Proto-West Germanic *skittjā, *skiti, from Proto-Germanic *skitiz.
Forms with /iː/ are influenced by schiten; for a similar phenomenon, compare chyne (“crack”).


signifiaunce

English: signifiance (obsolete)

Middle Scots: signifiance

Borrowed from Old French signifiance, a learned alteration of senefiance, a semi-learned borrowing of Latin significantia; equivalent to signifien + -aunce. Doublet of significaunce.


significaunce

English: significance

Scots: signeeficance

Borrowed from Middle French significance, from Old French significance, a borrowing from Latin significantia. Doublet of signifiaunce (the more usual Middle English term).


housynge

English: housing

Scots: housin, housing

From either hous (“house”) or housen (“to shelter, house”) + -ing.


liggere

English: ledger, ligger

From liggen, leggen (variant of leyen "to lie") + -er.

af

variant of <i class="Latn mention" lang="enm">leyen</i> "to lie"

A large breviary (as a book that "lies" in situ)


whate

From Old English hwatu (“omen”), from Proto-West Germanic *hwatu (“warning”), from Proto-Germanic *hwatō (“incitement”); compare Icelandic hvöt (“urge, encouragement”).


garisoun

English: garrison

Scots: gairison

Borrowed from Old French garison, from garir, guarir (“to protect”); Doublet of warisoun. Senses 1 and 2 are probably due to the influence of gersom, while senses 3 and 4 are probably due to the influence of garnisoun.


warysshen

warysshen (infinitive)
to warysshen (infinitive)
warysshe (infinitive)
warysshe (first-person present singular)
warysshed (first-person past singular)
warysshte (first-person past singular)
warysshest (present second-person singular)
warysshedest (past second-person singular)
warysshtest (past second-person singular)
waryssheth (present singular third-person)
warysshed (past singular third-person)
warysshte (past singular third-person)
warysshe (present singular subjunctive)
warysshed (past singular subjunctive)
warysshte (past singular subjunctive)
warysshe (imperative present singular)
warysshen (plural present)
warysshe (plural present)
waryssheden (past plural)
warysshede (past plural)
warysshten (past plural)
warysshte (past plural)
waryssheth (imperative plural present)
warysshe (imperative plural present)
warysshynge (participle present)
warysshende (participle present)
warysshed (participle past)
waryssht (participle past)
ywarysshed (participle past)
ywaryssht (participle past)

English: warish (obsolete)

Borrowed from Old Northern French wariss-, extended stem of warir (central Old French garir, guarir), from Frankish *warjan, from Proto-Germanic *warjaną. Doublet of weren (“to protect”); also compare warisoun.

bor+

Thanne were myn herte / Al warisshed of his bittre peynes smerte.

1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Frankeleyns Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC:

To cure; to cause recovery or improvement.


garnisoun

English: garnison (obsolete)

Borrowed from Middle French garnison, from Old French garnison, from garnir, guarnir (“to protect, provision”); equivalent to garnysshen + -isoun and a doublet of warnisoun. Compare garnement.


conjurisoun

Borrowed from Old French conjureison, conjurison, from Latin coniūrātiō; equivalent to conjuren + -isoun. Doublet of conjuracioun.

(uncommon) Conjuration; the magical arts.


kingriche

English: kingric, kingrick, kingrik

Scots: kingrick, kingrik

From king + -riche, possibly as a calque of Old Norse konungríki or a modification of kineriche.

(figurative, rare) A divinely-ruled realm.


hevene

English: heaven, Heaven

Scots: heiven, Heiven

Yola: heaaven, heoven

Inherited from Old English heofon, from Proto-West Germanic *hebun.
Forms without a final vowel are from the Old English a-stem variant, while forms with one continue weak (n-stem) heofone or are generalised from the Old English ō-stem accusative or the genitive or dative of both variants.

Venus...Doun fro the heven gan descende.

c. 1379, Geoffrey Chaucer, The House of Fame, section 164:

Thei make sweete cakis to the quen of heuene [Astarte]

c. 1382, Wycliffe's Bible, Jeremiah 7:18

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Heaven; a divine realm or positive afterlife.


hevene

enm-noun

hevene (plural hevenes or (early) hevenen, genitive hevenes or hevene)

hevenes (plural)
hevenen (plural)
hevenes (genitive)
hevene (genitive)
hevene (accusative nominative singular)
hevenes (accusative nominative plural)
hevenes (genitive singular)
hevene (genitive singular)
hevenes (genitive plural)
hevene (dative singular)
hevenes (dative plural)

English: Heaven

Scots: heiven

Yola: heaaven, heoven

The heavens; the cosmos surrounding the Earth, especially:

(in medieval cosmology) A layer of the cosmos; one of the celestial spheres.

c. 1382, Wycliffe's Bible, Job 35:11

The bestis of the erthe...the foulis of heuene

The entirety of the sky; the atmosphere.

It an heuene was hire voys to here.

c. 1385, Geoffrey Chaucer, Troilus and Criseyde, II l 826:

(figuratively) A serene or heavenly locale or experience.


heveneriche

Inherited from Old English heofonrīċe, heofonerīċe; equivalent to hevene + -riche.


hevenely

English: heavenly

Scots: heivenly

Inherited from Old English heofonlīċ; equivalent to hevene + -ly (adjectival suffix). The adverb is from the adjective; compare Old English heofonlīċe.

(by extension) Godly, sacred, otherworldly


richely

English: richly

Scots: richly

Inherited from Old English rīċlīċe, from Proto-West Germanic *rīkīlīkō, from Proto-Germanic *rīkijalīkô; equivalent to and often remodelled after riche (“rich”) + -ly (adverbial suffix).

Marvelously; in an attractive or majestic way:

With ceremony, rigour, and ritual; reverentially.

Luxuriously; in an extravagant or lavish way.

Copiously, profusely; in an abundant way.


fithelen

enm-verb

fithelen (third-person singular simple present fitheleth, present participle fithelende, fithelynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle fitheled)

fitheleth (present singular third-person)
fithelende (participle present)
fithelynge (participle present)
fitheled (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
fithelen (infinitive)
to fithelen (infinitive)
fithele (first-person present singular)
fitheled (first-person past singular)
fithelest (present second-person singular)
fitheledest (past second-person singular)
fitheleth (present singular third-person)
fitheled (past singular third-person)
fithele (present singular subjunctive)
fitheled (past singular subjunctive)
fithele (imperative present singular)
fithelen (plural present)
fithele (plural present)
fitheleden (past plural)
fithelede (past plural)
fitheleth (imperative plural present)
fithele (imperative plural present)
fithelynge (participle present)
fithelende (participle present)
fitheled (participle past)
yfitheled (participle past)

English: fiddle

From fithele (“viol”) + -en (infinitival suffix).


fulloght

Inherited from Old English fulluht, fulwiht; equivalent to fullen + -th.

baptism (Christian sacrament involving dipping or sprinkling with water)


fulnesse

English: fullness, fulness

Inherited from Old English fulnes, fylnes; equivalent to ful (“full”) + -nesse.

(especially theology) Totality, entirety; the whole of something.


synnere

English: sinner

Scots: sinner

From synnen + -er, replacing earlier synful (“sinner”).

(rare) A pagan or unbeliever; a believer in a false religion.


synnen

enm-verb

synnen (third-person singular simple present synneth, present participle synnende, synnynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle synned)

synneth (present singular third-person)
synnende (participle present)
synnynge (participle present)
synned (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
synnen (infinitive)
to synnen (infinitive)
synne (infinitive)
synne (first-person present singular)
synned (first-person past singular)
synnest (present second-person singular)
synnedest (past second-person singular)
synneth (present singular third-person)
synned (past singular third-person)
synne (present singular subjunctive)
synned (past singular subjunctive)
synne (imperative present singular)
synnen (plural present)
synne (plural present)
synneden (past plural)
synnede (past plural)
synneth (imperative plural present)
synne (imperative plural present)
synnynge (participle present)
synnende (participle present)
synned (participle past)
ysynned (participle past)

English: sin

Scots: sin

From Old English syngian; by the late ME period, usually remodelled on synne + -en (infinitival suffix).

To sin; to commit sins, especially of a sexual nature.


wyfles

English: wifeless, wiveless

Yola: wooveless

Either from Old English wīflēas or a new formation from wyf (“wife”) + -les.


housles

English: houseless

Possibly from an Old English *hūslēas, from Proto-West Germanic *hūsalaus, from Proto-Germanic *hūsalausaz.
Alternatively, but less likely, this word may have been formed anew, possibly as a calque of Old Norse húslauss or Middle Dutch huusloos; in any case, equivalent to hous + -les.


garite

English: garret

Middle Scots: garret

Borrowed from Old French garite, guerite (“watchtower”).

A watchtower or turret; a fortified tower.

An attic or garret; a room below the roof.


genge

English: ging (obsolete)

Middle Scots: ging

Inherited from Old English genge (“band”), from Proto-Germanic *gangiją, possibly through Old Norse gengi.

inh+

(biblical) The pagan nations; the Gentiles.


pouke

English: puck, Puck

>? English: pug

From Old English pūca, from Proto-West Germanic *pūkō, from Proto-Germanic *pūkô. The shortening of /uː/ before /k/ is possibly regular; compare souken.


seknesse

English: sickness

Scots: seekness

Inherited from Old English sēocnes, sēocness; by surface analysis, sek + -nesse.

(by extension) Infirmity, weakness; a lack of strength.


keythong

English: keythong

peyr keythongs

1475, manuscript in the College of Arms collection describing Edward IV’s French Expedition of 1475 (Coll. Arms ms. 2nd M.16, f. xvi):


gayole

English: jail, gaol

Scots: jile, jyle

/ɡæi̯ˈɔːl(ə)/

/ɡaːˈɔːl(ə)/

/d͡ʒæi̯ˈɔːl(ə)/

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman jaiole, gaiole, from Latin caveola. Forms with /v/ probably reflect Old French forms that retain the medial labial of Latin caveola.

jail, prison (place for confining prisoners)


gayoler

English: jailer, gaoler

Scots: jiler

→ Middle Irish: seigléir

Irish: séiléir, séileoir

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman jaiolier, gaiolier; equivalent to gayole + -er. For forms with /v/, see gayole.

His yonge sone, that three yeer was of age,
Un-to him seyde, ‘fader, why do ye wepe?

late 14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Monk's Tale, The Canterbury Tales, line 3621-3624

Is ther no morsel breed that ye do kepe?’
His young son, who was three years of age,
Unto him said, ‘Father, why do you weep?
When will the jailer bring our soup,
Is there no morsel of bread that you do keep?’


pynden

enm-verb

pynden (third-person singular simple present pyndeth, present participle pyndynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative pynde, past participle pynd)

pyndeth (present singular third-person)
pyndynge (participle present)
pynde (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
pynd (participle past)
pynden (infinitive)
to pynden (infinitive)
pynde (infinitive)
pynde (first-person present singular)
pynde (first-person past singular)
pynded (first-person past singular)
pyndest (present second-person singular)
pyndest (past second-person singular)
pyndedest (past second-person singular)
pyndeth (present singular third-person)
pynde (past singular third-person)
pynded (past singular third-person)
pynde (present singular subjunctive)
pynde (past singular subjunctive)
pynded (past singular subjunctive)
pynde (imperative present singular)
pynden (plural present)
pynde (plural present)
pynden (past plural)
pynde (past plural)
pyndeden (past plural)
pyndede (past plural)
pyndeth (imperative plural present)
pynde (imperative plural present)
pyndynge (participle present)
pyndende (participle present)
pynd (participle past)
pynded (participle past)
ypynd (participle past)
ypynded (participle past)

English: pind (dialectal)

Middle Scots: poynd, puynd

Scots: pund, puind, poind, pynd, pind

→ English: poind

Inherited from Old English *pyndan (and derived ġepyndan), from Proto-West Germanic *pundijan; compare pound.

To enclose or confine; to set up boundaries:

(of animals) To shut up in a pound; to impound.

(figuratively, rare) To check or restrain oneself.


nonnerie

English: nunnery

Scots: nunnery

From nonne (“nun”) + -erie (“-ery, -ry”).


Gawayne

English: Gawain

Than ſpake ẜ Gawayne And ſeyde brothir · ẜ Aggravayne I pray you and charge you meve no ſuch · maters no more a fore me fro wyte you well I woll nat be of youre counceyle //

1470–1483 (date produced), Thom̃s Malleorre [i.e., Thomas Malory], “[Morte Arthur]”, in Le Morte Darthur (British Library Additional Manuscript 59678), [England: s.n.], folio 449, verso, lines 15–18:

Then spoke Sir Gawain, and said, “Brother, Sir Agravain, I pray you and charge you move not such matters any more before me, for be ye assured I will not be of your counsel.”


Aggravayne

English: Agravain


blisse

enm-noun

blisse (plural blisses or (early) blissen)

English: bliss

Scots: bliss

From Old English blīds, blīss (“joy”) from Proto-West Germanic *blīþisi. The final vowel is generalised from the Old English oblique forms.

Bliss, joy; the state of being happy:
(theology) Heavenly joy or splendor.

Bliss, joy; the state of being happy:
Heavenly joy or splendor.

(rare, astrology) exaltation (the place where a planet is most influential)


suffisen

enm-verb

suffisen (third-person singular simple present suffiseth, present participle suffisende, suffisynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle suffised)

suffiseth (present singular third-person)
suffisende (participle present)
suffisynge (participle present)
suffised (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
suffisen (infinitive)
to suffisen (infinitive)
suffise (infinitive)
suffise (first-person present singular)
suffised (first-person past singular)
suffisest (present second-person singular)
suffisedest (past second-person singular)
suffiseth (present singular third-person)
suffised (past singular third-person)
suffise (present singular subjunctive)
suffised (past singular subjunctive)
suffise (imperative present singular)
suffisen (plural present)
suffise (plural present)
suffiseden (past plural)
suffisede (past plural)
suffiseth (imperative plural present)
suffise (imperative plural present)
suffisynge (participle present)
suffisende (participle present)
suffised (participle past)
ysuffised (participle past)

English: suffice

From Middle French souffire and Anglo-Norman suffiser, sufficer, from Old French sofire, from Latin sufficiō (“to supply, be adequate”), from sub (“under”) + faciō (“do, make”).

der

(intransitive with for, theology) to atone for, to redeem the sins of (someone)


Iair

English: Jair

Scots: Jair

From Old English Iāirus, from Latin Iaīrus, from Ancient Greek Ἰάϊρος (Iáïros), from Biblical Hebrew יָאִיר (yāʾîr, literally “he will light up”)


swepen

enm-verb

swepen (third-person singular simple present swepeth, present participle swepynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative swepte, past participle swept)

swepeth (present singular third-person)
swepynge (participle present)
swepte (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
swept (participle past)
swepen (infinitive)
to swepen (infinitive)
swepe (infinitive)
swepe (first-person present singular)
swepte (first-person past singular)
sweped (first-person past singular)
swepest (present second-person singular)
sweptest (past second-person singular)
swepedest (past second-person singular)
swepeth (present singular third-person)
swepte (past singular third-person)
sweped (past singular third-person)
swepe (present singular subjunctive)
swepte (past singular subjunctive)
sweped (past singular subjunctive)
swepe (imperative present singular)
swepen (plural present)
swepe (plural present)
swepten (past plural)
swepte (past plural)
swepeden (past plural)
swepede (past plural)
swepeth (imperative plural present)
swepe (imperative plural present)
swepynge (participle present)
swepende (participle present)
swept (participle past)
sweped (participle past)
yswept (participle past)
ysweped (participle past)

English: sweep

Scots: sweep

Not known before the 14th century, but usually considered to be from Anglian Old English *swēpan (West Saxon *swǣpan), from Proto-West Germanic *swaipijan, from Proto-Germanic *swaipijaną.
Derivation from Old English swipian (with open-syllable lengthening) or swēop, past participle of swāpan is also possible; these sources may have reinforced a rare *swēpan.

(transitive, religion) To cleanse or purge evil influences.


swippen

swippen (third-person singular simple present swippeth, present participle swippynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative swipte, past participle swipt)

swippeth (present singular third-person)
swippynge (participle present)
swipte (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
swipt (participle past)
swippen (infinitive)
to swippen (infinitive)
swippe (first-person present singular)
swipte (first-person past singular)
swippest (present second-person singular)
swiptest (past second-person singular)
swippeth (present singular third-person)
swipte (past singular third-person)
swippe (present singular subjunctive)
swipte (past singular subjunctive)
swippe (imperative present singular)
swippen (plural present)
swippe (plural present)
swipten (past plural)
swipte (past plural)
swippeth (imperative plural present)
swippe (imperative plural present)
swippynge (participle present)
swippende (participle present)
swipt (participle past)
yswipt (participle past)

English: swip

>? English: swipe

Scots: soop

Inherited from Old English swipian, from Proto-West Germanic *swippjan; compare swepen and swopen.

(transitive, religion) To move with haste; to speed.


countour

English: counter, compter

Scots: counter, coonter

Borrowed from Old French conteor and Middle French contoir; equivalent to counte (“computation”) + -our.


caroyne

English: carrion

Scots: carrion

Borrowed from Old Northern French caroigne, carogne, from Vulgar Latin *carōnia. Variants with /æi̯/ probably represent the initial stage of vowel reduction; compare Boleyne, Coleyne, variants of Boloyne (“Boulogne”), Coloyne (“Cologne”).


Pegase

English: Pegasus

From Latin Pēgasus, from Ancient Greek Πήγασος (Pḗgasos), traditionally associated with πηγή (pēgḗ, “spring, fountain, fountain fed by a spring”), especially used to denote springs of Ocean, where Perseus killed Medusa, from whose blood Pegasus sprang. Some have dismissed this as folk etymology and suggest a pre-Greek origin because of the -ασος suffix. First attested in the 14th century.

(Late Middle English, Greek mythology) Pegasus


wyndowe

desc

English: window (dialectal windon, obsolete windore)

Scots: winda, windae, wunda, wundae; winnock, wunnock

Borrowed from Old Norse vindauga, from vind (“wind”) + auga (“eye”); compare wynd (“wind”).
East Anglian forms with /n/ may originate from a weak plural *wyndowen.