cod

English: cod

Scots: cod

From Old English codd (“bag, pouch”), from Proto-West Germanic *koddō, from Proto-Germanic *kuddô, from Proto-Indo-European *gewt- (“pouch, sack”), from *gew- (“to bend, bow, arch, vault, curve”). The "pillow" sense is from Old Danish kodde or Old Norse koddi, from the same Proto-Germanic source.

der

A seedpod; a plant's natural casing for its seeds.

(rare) A sack or pouch; a case for items.

(rare) The gullet, windpipe or esophagus.


twig

English: twig

Scots: twigg, tuigg

Inherited from Old English twig, from Proto-West Germanic *twīg, from Proto-Germanic *twīgą.

Any part of a tree, especially a branch or cutting:

An easily bending branch used in crafts.


male

English: male

Scots: male

Borrowed from Old French masle, malle, from Late Latin masclus, from Latin masculus; compare femele and masculyn.

(rare) Manhood; the state of being male.


sew

English: sew (obsolete)

→ Middle Welsh: sew

Welsh: sew (obsolete)

From Old English sēaw, from Proto-West Germanic *sauw.

broth, gravy (liquid or sauce for boiling)

(Early Middle English) sap, juice (of a plant)


sap

English: sap

Scots: sap, saup

From Old English sæp, from Proto-West Germanic *sap, from Proto-Indo-European *sep-.


gras

desctree

English: grass
Tok Pisin: gras, garas
Fiji Hindi: giraas

desc

Scots: gress, gres, grais, graiss, grase, gers, girs

From Old English græs, from Proto-West Germanic *gras, from Proto-Germanic *grasą.

(medicine) A plant or herb reputed to have medicinal or curative properties.


mercurial

Borrowed from Latin mercuriālis, Mercuriālis (“pertaining to the Roman god Mercury”).

(botany) A plant belonging to the genus Chenopodium; a goosefoot.


rust

English: rust

Scots: roost, roust

From Old English rust, rūst, from Proto-West Germanic *rust, *rost, from Proto-Germanic *rustaz.

(horticulture) A fungal disease of plants.


humour

English: humour (see there for further descendants)

Scots: humour

From Old French humor, from Latin hūmor, ūmor.

medicinal humors: humour: coler · flewme · malencolie · sanguine [edit]

Any fluid; something which flows or moves in a fluidous manner:

The liquid contained within a plant; plant juices.


rind

English: rind

Scots: rind, reen, reind

(rare) A scab; a protective coating over a wound.


more

English: more (dialectal)

Inherited from Old English more and moru (“carrot, parsnip”), from Proto-West Germanic *morhā, *morhu, from Proto-Germanic *murhǭ, *murhō.

(rare) root, (of a hair, tooth, or tongue)


blad

English: blade; blad

Scots: blade, blaid, bled

From Old English blæd, from Proto-West Germanic *blad, from Proto-Germanic *bladą, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰl̥h₃otom.
The form with /aː/ originates from open-syllable lengthening in inflected forms.


flour

English: flower, flour

Scots: flouer, flour, floor

→ Middle Welsh: fflwr

Welsh: fflŵr

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman flur, from Latin flōrem, accusative of flōs. More at flower.

Whan that Auerill wᵗ his shoures soote / The droghte of march hath ꝑced to the roote / And bathed euery veyne in swich lycour / Of which v̄tu engendred is the flour[…]

1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “Here Bygynneth the Book of the Tales of Caunt́burẏ”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 2, recto:

When that April, with its sweet showers / Has pierced March's drought to the root / And bathed every vein in fluid such that / with its power, the flower is made […]

A flower (often representing impermanence or beauty)

An exemplar or example of a trait or behaviour.


naked

English: naked

Scots: nakit

From Old English nacod, from Proto-Germanic *nakwadaz. Compare naken.

Partially bodily uncovered or bald; uncovered in a specific area.


thorn

English: thorn

Scots: thorn; torn (Shetland)

Yola: thoornes, thorns, thurns

Inherited from Old English þorn, from Proto-West Germanic *þorn, from Proto-Germanic *þurnaz, from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós.

A thorn (spine on a plant with a sharp point)

A plant having thorns, especially the hawthorn or rosebush.

(rare) Thorns pulled from the ground for burning.


seed

English: seed

Scots: seed, seid, sid

Yola: zeade

From Old English sǣd, sēd, from Proto-West Germanic *sād, *sādi, from Proto-Germanic *sēdiz, *sēdą, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- (compare sowen).

seed (ovule or analogous structure):
A kind or variety of seed.

seed (ovule or analogous structure):
(collectively) seed, grain

seed (ovule or analogous structure):
seed, grain

An oþer parable iheſus puttide foꝛþ to hem. / ⁊ ſeide / þe kyngdom of heuenes is lijk to a coꝛn of ſeneuey · which a man took ⁊ ſewe in his feeld · / which is þe leeſt of alle ſeedis / but whanne it haþ woxen .· it is the mooſt of alle woꝛtis · ⁊ is maad a tre / ſo þe bꝛiddis of þe eir comen ⁊ dwellen in þe bowis þerof.

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Matheu 13:31-32, page 6v, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

Jesus put another parable forwards to them, saying: "The Kingdom of Heaven is like a mustard seed that a person took and sowed in their field; / it is the smallest of all seeds, but when it has grown, it is the largest of all plants; it becomes a tree, so the birds of the air come and nest in its branches."


bark

English: bark

Scots: bark

From Old English bark, from Old Norse bǫrkr, from Proto-Germanic *barkuz.

(rare, Late Middle English, figurative) A shallow look at something.


bastard

English: bastard

Scots: bastart, bastert

From Anglo-Norman bastard; equivalent to bast (“illegitimacy”) + -ard.


rote

desctree

English: root, wrout, rout (dialectal), wroot (obsolete)
→ Irish: rúta

Scots: ruit, rute

From Late Old English rōt, rōte, from Old Norse rót, from Proto-Germanic *wrōts, from Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds. Doublet of wort (“plant”). See more at English root.

A root used as food; a root vegetable or tuber.


jus

English: juice (see there for further descendants)

Scots: joice, jice


nerve

English: nerve

Scots: nerve

Borrowed from Medieval Latin nervus, from Proto-Italic *snēuros, from Proto-Indo-European *snéh₁wr̥; thus a doublet of synwe.
Forms with /f/ reflect either final devoicing or Middle French nerf.


tame

English: tame

Scots: tame

From Old English tam, tom, from Proto-West Germanic *tam (“tame”).

(anatomy, medicine, of a fistula) inner, interior


clove

English: clove

Scots: clow

Inherited from Old English clufu, from Proto-West Germanic *klubu, from Proto-Germanic *klubō, related to cleven.


clove

From Old English clofen, past participle of clēofan.


floury

English: flowery, floury

(cooking, rare) Blanketed in flour; floury.


bole

English: bull

Scots: bul, bull

From a mixture of Old English bula, *bulla, and Old Norse boli, both from Proto-Germanic *bulô.


pith

English: pith

Scots: pith

From Old English piþa, from Proto-Germanic *piþô.

The soft interior portion of something, especially:

(botany) pith (soft substance in the center of a plant's stem)


core

English: core

Yola: core

Unknown; derivation from either Old French cuer (“heart”) or cors (“body”) has been suggested, though both possibilities pose serious problems.

(rare, by extension) The middle of something.


bush

English: bush

Scots: bus

Yola: bushe

From Old English busċ, *bysċ, from Proto-West Germanic *busk. Cognates include Middle Dutch bosch, busch, Middle High German busch, bosch, and also Old French bois, buisson.


garth

English: garth

Scots: garthe (obsolete)

Borrowed from Old Norse garðr, from Proto-Germanic *gardaz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰórdʰos; cognate with Old Church Slavonic градъ (gradŭ) and a doublet of yerd.


thorny

English: thorny

Scots: thorny

From Old English þorniġ, from Proto-West Germanic *þornag. Equivalent to thorn + -y.


skyn

English: skin

Scots: skin

Yola: skien

From Old Norse skinn, from Proto-Germanic *skinþą.

The skin (outer layer of the body or a portion of it)

A hide, fur or skin of an animal, especially used as a garment.

A prepared hide (such as parchment or leather)

A layer or cover located in the inside of the body.

A rind or external layer (especially of a plant).

(biblical) Part of the material composing a tent.


gardener

English: gardener

Scots: gairdener, gairdner, gairner

From Old Northern French gardinier; equivalent to gardyn + -er.


yerd

English: yard

Scots: yerd, yaird, yird

Inherited from Old English ġeard, from Proto-West Germanic *gard, from Proto-Germanic *gardaz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰórdʰos; cognate with Old Church Slavonic градъ (gradŭ) and a doublet of garth.

A plot of land; a piece of property, especially agricultural.


sappy

English: sappy

From Old English sæpiġ; equivalent to sap + -y.

(rare) sappy (having lots of sap or sapwood)


leef

English: leaf
Tok Pisin: lip

Scots: leaf, lefe, leif

Yola: laafe

From Old English lēaf, from Proto-West Germanic *laub, from Proto-Germanic *laubą.


seden

enm-verb

seden (third-person singular simple present sedeth, present participle sedende, sedynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle seded)

sedeth (present singular third-person)
sedende (participle present)
sedynge (participle present)
seded (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
seden (infinitive)
to seden (infinitive)
sede (infinitive)
sede (first-person present singular)
seded (first-person past singular)
sedest (present second-person singular)
sededest (past second-person singular)
sedeth (present singular third-person)
seded (past singular third-person)
sede (present singular subjunctive)
seded (past singular subjunctive)
sede (imperative present singular)
seden (plural present)
sede (plural present)
sededen (past plural)
sedede (past plural)
sedeth (imperative plural present)
sede (imperative plural present)
sedynge (participle present)
sedende (participle present)
seded (participle past)
yseded (participle past)

English: seed

Scots: seed


knop

English: knop

Scots: knap (in part)

From Middle Low German and Middle Dutch knoppe, from Proto-Germanic *knuppô, *knuppaz, *knappô, one of many kn- words related to *knuttô (“a knot”).


kex

English: kex, kix

Scots: kex

Unknown. Possibly from a Celtic and/or substrate language.

Any dried stem of a plant with a hollow interior.

(rare) A plant having a hollow stem; a member of the family Umbelliferae.


herber

English: herber, arbour

Scots: herber (obsolete)

From Anglo-Norman herber, erber (“garden”), from erbe (“grass, herb”); equivalent to herbe + -er.

Also loke þyn gardynes and orchardes & erberes with-ynne þe citee be wel I-tyled, as wel for profite & nede as for honest disport.

c. 1450, The Book of Vegecye of Dedes of Knyghthode [Douce], (trans. of Vegetius, De re militari), line 98b

(please add an English translation of this quotation)


mirre

Middle English: mirre

English: myrrh

Scots: myrrh

From Old English myrre, from Latin myrrha, from Ancient Greek μύρρα (múrrha), from a Semitic language. Reinforced by Old French mirre.

and þei entriden in to þe hous .· ⁊ founden þe child wiþ marie his modir / and þei felden doun .· and woꝛſchipiden him / and whanne þei hadden openyde her treſouris .· þei offriden to hym ȝiftes. gold encenſe ⁊ myrre

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Matheu 2:11, page 1v, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

And they entered into the house, and found the child with Mary, his mother; then they fell down and worshipped him. And when they'd opened their treasures, they offered gifts to him: gold, frankincense, and myrrh.

Commiphora myrrha
Commiphora myrrha#Translingual

Myrrh (the dried sap of a tree of the species Commiphora myrrha)


staf

enm-noun

staf (plural staves or staven or staffes)

staves (plural)
staven (plural)
staffes (plural)

English: staff, stave

Scots: staf, staff

Yola: stheeves (plural)

From Old English stæf, from Proto-West Germanic *stab.


wrid

English: wride

(Northern) A cluster of plants growing together.

(Early Middle English) The main stem of a plant.


huske

English: husk

Probably borrowed from Middle Low German hūske(n) or Middle Dutch hūskijn, diminutive of hūs (“house”).

A husk (protective covering of fruits, nuts or vegetables)

(anatomy) A covering (of a wound or the foreskin)


drope

English: drop

Scots: drap

From Old English dropa, from Proto-West Germanic *dropō, from Proto-Germanic *drupô.

A shower or gush; a falling agglomeration of droplets.

(medicine) A disease having speckles or spots as a symptom.


schaft

schaft (plural schaftes or (Early ME) schaften or (Early ME) schafte)

schaftes (plural)
schaften (Early-Middle-English plural)
schafte (Early-Middle-English plural)

From Old English sċeaft, ġesċeaft (“creation”), from sċieppan; equivalent to shapen + -th.

A creature or animal (especially a certain species)


gardyn

desctree

English: garden
Sranan Tongo: dyari
→ Nafaanra: yaadi

Scots: gairden

From Old Northern French gardin, though ultimately of Germanic origin.


mercurie

English: mercury

(botany) A plant belonging to the genus Chenopodium; goosefoots.


braunche

English: branch

Scots: branch, brainch

Borrowed from Old French branche, brance, from Late Latin branca.


femele

English: female

Scots: female

Borrowed from Old French femele, from Latin fēmella. Some forms are influenced by male (“male”).

Used in extended reference to supposedly "female" gems, trees, plants, or astrological portents.


blosmy

English: blossomy (possibly)

From Old English blōstmig, equivalent to blosme + -y.

Blosmy tree nys neither drye ne deed.

1395, Geoffrey Chaucer, “Clerk-Merchant Link; Merchant's Tale, End-link”, in Canterbury Tales:

Covered with or full of blossoms; blossomy.


hegge

English: hedge

Scots: hedge

From Old English heċġ, from Proto-West Germanic *haggju. The final vowel is generalised from the Old English inflected forms.

A col-fox, ful of sly iniquitee,
That in the grove hadde woned yeres three,
By heigh imaginacioun forn-cast,
The same night thurgh-out the hegges brast [...]

late 14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Nun's Priest's Tale, The Canterbury Tales, line 4405-4408

A fox, full of sly iniquity,
That in the grove had dwelled three years,
By exalted imagination predestined,
The same night through the hedges broke …

A bush or shrub; a stout or short woody plant.


growen

growen (infinitive)
to growen (infinitive)
growe (infinitive)
growe (first-person present singular)
grew (first-person past singular)
growest (present second-person singular)
grewe (past second-person singular)
grew (past second-person singular)
groweth (present singular third-person)
grew (past singular third-person)
growe (present singular subjunctive)
grewe (past singular subjunctive)
growe (imperative present singular)
growen (plural present)
growe (plural present)
grewen (past plural)
grewe (past plural)
groweth (imperative plural present)
growe (imperative plural present)
growynge (participle present)
growende (participle present)
growen (participle past)
growe (participle past)
ygrowen (participle past)
ygrowe (participle past)

English: grow

Scots: grow

From Old English grōwan, from Proto-West Germanic *grōan.

To grow (usually of plants, fruit, etc.):

(often of people) to grow up; to mature.


croppe

English: crop

desc

Scots: crap, crop, croip, cropt, croup, croop

From Old English cropp, croppa, from Proto-West Germanic *kropp, from Proto-Germanic *kruppaz (“body; lump; bunch; crop”). Doublet of croupe.

inh

14th c. Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales. General Prologue: 5-6.
The tendre croppes, and the yonge sonne
Hath in the Ram his halfe cours yronne,

The top of a plant or tree:
A seedling or bud; a new plant.


spruten

spruten (infinitive)
to spruten (infinitive)
sprute (infinitive)
sprute (first-person present singular)
sprot (first-person past singular)
spruted (first-person past singular)
sprutest (present second-person singular)
sprote (past second-person singular)
sprot (past second-person singular)
sprutedest (past second-person singular)
spruteth (present singular third-person)
sprot (past singular third-person)
spruted (past singular third-person)
sprute (present singular subjunctive)
sprote (past singular subjunctive)
spruted (past singular subjunctive)
sprute (imperative present singular)
spruten (plural present)
sprute (plural present)
sproten (past plural)
sprote (past plural)
spruteden (past plural)
sprutede (past plural)
spruteth (imperative plural present)
sprute (imperative plural present)
sprutynge (participle present)
sprutende (participle present)
sproten (participle past)
sprote (participle past)
spruted (participle past)

English: sprout

Scots: sproot, spruit

From Old English sprūtan, from Proto-Germanic *sprūtaną, variant of *spreutaną.


fass

English: fas

Yola: fash

From Old English fæs; cognate to Middle High German vase.


heggen

enm-verb

heggen (third-person singular simple present heggeth, present participle heggende, heggynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle hegged)

heggeth (present singular third-person)
heggende (participle present)
heggynge (participle present)
hegged (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
heggen (infinitive)
to heggen (infinitive)
hegge (infinitive)
hegge (first-person present singular)
hegged (first-person past singular)
heggest (present second-person singular)
heggedest (past second-person singular)
heggeth (present singular third-person)
hegged (past singular third-person)
hegge (present singular subjunctive)
hegged (past singular subjunctive)
hegge (imperative present singular)
heggen (plural present)
hegge (plural present)
heggeden (past plural)
heggede (past plural)
heggeth (imperative plural present)
hegge (imperative plural present)
heggynge (participle present)
heggende (participle present)
hegged (participle past)
yhegged (participle past)

English: hedge

From hegge (“hedge”) + -en (infinitival suffix).


tothe

English: tooth

Scots: tuth, tuith


byndynge

English: binding

Scots: bindin

(rare) Bookbinding; the making of a book's spine.


ympen

enm-verb

ympen (third-person singular simple present ympeth, present participle ympende, ympynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle ymped)

ympeth (present singular third-person)
ympende (participle present)
ympynge (participle present)
ymped (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
ympen (infinitive)
to ympen (infinitive)
ympe (infinitive)
ympe (first-person present singular)
ymped (first-person past singular)
ympest (present second-person singular)
ympedest (past second-person singular)
ympeth (present singular third-person)
ymped (past singular third-person)
ympe (present singular subjunctive)
ymped (past singular subjunctive)
ympe (imperative present singular)
ympen (plural present)
ympe (plural present)
ympeden (past plural)
ympede (past plural)
ympeth (imperative plural present)
ympe (imperative plural present)
ympynge (participle present)
ympende (participle present)
ymped (participle past)
yymped (participle past)

English: imp

Scots: imp

Inherited from Old English impian, from Proto-West Germanic *impōn; equivalent to ympe + -en (“infinitival suffix”, infinitival suffix).

af

To transplant (attach a cutting to stock)


heggynge

English: hedging

Scots: hedgin

(rare) A hedge or fence that looks like a hedge.


resyn

English: resin

Borrowed from Old French résine, from Latin resīna.


tayl

English: tail

Scots: tail, tale

Yola: tyel, taal

From Old English tæġl, from Proto-West Germanic *tagl, form Proto-Germanic *taglą, *taglaz.

A line, row or array:
(botany) A shoot or branch.

A line, row or array:
A shoot or branch.


gumme

English: gum

Scots: gum

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman gume, from Late Latin gumma, from Latin gummi, cummi, from Ancient Greek κόμμι (kómmi), from Egyptian qmy, qmyt.

A gum or resin; a sticky syrup from a plant, used as scent and in pharmaceuticals.


gummen

gummen (infinitive)
to gummen (infinitive)
gumme (infinitive)
gumme (first-person present singular)
gummed (first-person past singular)
gummest (present second-person singular)
gummedest (past second-person singular)
gummeth (present singular third-person)
gummed (past singular third-person)
gumme (present singular subjunctive)
gummed (past singular subjunctive)
gumme (imperative present singular)
gummen (plural present)
gumme (plural present)
gummeden (past plural)
gummede (past plural)
gummeth (imperative plural present)
gumme (imperative plural present)
gummynge (participle present)
gummende (participle present)
gummed (participle past)
ygummed (participle past)

English: gum


mastik

English: mastic

Borrowed from Old French mastic, from Latin mastiche, from Ancient Greek μαστίχη (mastíkhē).

Pistacia lentiscus
Pistacia lentiscus#Translingual

(rare) The mastic tree (Pistacia lentiscus)


hony

English: honey (see there for further descendants)

Scots: honey, hony, huny, hinny

Yola: henee, honi

From Old English huniġ, from Proto-West Germanic *hunag, from Proto-Germanic *hunagą, dissimilated variant of *hunangą, from Proto-Indo-European *kn̥h₂ónks.


terebentyne

English: turpentine

Scots: torpity (obsolete)

From Old French terbentine, turbentine, from Latin terebinthina; equivalent to therebynte + -ine.

Turpentine or a pharmaceutical made from it.


botoun

English: button (see there for further descendants)

Scots: button

Yola: buththone, boththone

Borrowed from Old French bouton, boton. See English button for more.

A button or decorative protrusion on garments or tools.

A bud, budset, or shoot; a newly-formed leaf.

Ac hy habbeþ hire herten zuo aꝛered ine god: þet hi ne pꝛayſeþ þe woꝛdle: bote ane botoun. and hi ne dꝛedeþ kyng. ne erl.[…]

c. 1340, Dan Michel, “Vridom”, in Ayenbite of Inwyt, page 86:

But those who have their hearts inspired by God, who don't praise the world('s ways) even a bit and who don't fear kings, earls, […]

Something that is small or of little or no value or worth.


coroune

English: crown (see there for further descendants)

Scots: croun, croon

→ Welsh: coron

From Anglo-Norman coroune, curune, corone, from Latin corōna, from Ancient Greek κορώνη (korṓnē).

⁊ in þe cumpas of þe ſeete.· weren foure ⁊ twentı ſmale ſeetıs ⁊ abouen þe troones foure ⁊ twentı eldere men ſıttynge. hılıd aboute wıþ whıte cloþıs.· ⁊ in þe heedıs of hem golden coꝛouns

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 4:4, page 118v, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010

And around the perimeter of the seat there were twenty-four small seats, and on those seats twenty-four elders sat, wearing white clothing and having golden crowns on their heads.

An important, symbolic, or significant piece of headwear:

A coronet or tiara; headgear of lesser (religious or secular) leaders.


corounen

corounen (infinitive)
to corounen (infinitive)
coroune (infinitive)
coroune (first-person present singular)
corouned (first-person past singular)
corounest (present second-person singular)
corounedest (past second-person singular)
corouneth (present singular third-person)
corouned (past singular third-person)
coroune (present singular subjunctive)
corouned (past singular subjunctive)
coroune (imperative present singular)
corounen (plural present)
coroune (plural present)
corouneden (past plural)
corounede (past plural)
corouneth (imperative plural present)
coroune (imperative plural present)
corounynge (participle present)
corounende (participle present)
corouned (participle past)
ycorouned (participle past)

English: crown

Scots: croun, croon

From Old French coroner (modern French couronner), from Latin corōnō; equivalent to coroune + -en (infinitival suffix).

To let or allow into a monastic community or grouping.


tronke

English: trunk

Scots: trunk

From Old French tronc, from Latin truncus.

A container which fish are put in; a fishtank.


blosmen

blosmen (infinitive)
to blosmen (infinitive)
blosme (infinitive)
blosme (first-person present singular)
blosmed (first-person past singular)
blosmest (present second-person singular)
blosmedest (past second-person singular)
blosmeth (present singular third-person)
blosmed (past singular third-person)
blosme (present singular subjunctive)
blosmed (past singular subjunctive)
blosme (imperative present singular)
blosmen (plural present)
blosme (plural present)
blosmeden (past plural)
blosmede (past plural)
blosmeth (imperative plural present)
blosme (imperative plural present)
blosmynge (participle present)
blosmende (participle present)
blosmed (participle past)
yblosmed (participle past)

English: blossom

Scots: blossom

From Old English bostmian; equivalent to blosme + -en (infinitival suffix).


flouren

flouren (infinitive)
to flouren (infinitive)
floure (infinitive)
floure (first-person present singular)
floured (first-person past singular)
flourest (present second-person singular)
flouredest (past second-person singular)
floureth (present singular third-person)
floured (past singular third-person)
floure (present singular subjunctive)
floured (past singular subjunctive)
floure (imperative present singular)
flouren (plural present)
floure (plural present)
floureden (past plural)
flourede (past plural)
floureth (imperative plural present)
floure (imperative plural present)
flourynge (participle present)
flourende (participle present)
floured (participle past)
yfloured (participle past)

English: flower, flour

Scots: flour

From Anglo-Norman florir, flurir, from Late Latin flōrīre, from Latin flōrēre.


vynour

English: viner (obsolete)

Borrowed from Old French vignor; equivalent to vine + -our.


vyneȝerd

English: vineyard

Scots: vinyaird

From Old English wīnġeard, from Proto-Germanic *wīnagardaz; remodeled after vine + yerd.


foyle

English: foil

Scots: foilzie, foolyie

Borrowed from Middle French fueille, feuille, from Old French fueille, from Late Latin folia, originally the plural of folium.


dwynen

enm-verb

dwynen (third-person singular simple present dwyneth, present participle dwynende, dwynynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle dwyned)

dwyneth (present singular third-person)
dwynende (participle present)
dwynynge (participle present)
dwyned (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
dwynen (infinitive)
to dwynen (infinitive)
dwyne (infinitive)
dwyne (first-person present singular)
dwyned (first-person past singular)
dwynest (present second-person singular)
dwynedest (past second-person singular)
dwyneth (present singular third-person)
dwyned (past singular third-person)
dwyne (present singular subjunctive)
dwyned (past singular subjunctive)
dwyne (imperative present singular)
dwynen (plural present)
dwyne (plural present)
dwyneden (past plural)
dwynede (past plural)
dwyneth (imperative plural present)
dwyne (imperative plural present)
dwynynge (participle present)
dwynende (participle present)
dwyned (participle past)
ydwyned (participle past)

English: dwine

Scots: dwine

From Old English dwīnan, from Proto-West Germanic *dwīnan, from Proto-Germanic *dwīnaną.


colk

>? English: coke

Possibly from Old English *colc, from Proto-West Germanic *kolk (“hollow, depression”), from Proto-Germanic *kulukaz, *kelukaz, *kelukô, a diminutive of *kelǭ (“throat”).


muscilage

English: mucilage

Borrowed from Middle French mucilage, from Late Latin mūcilāgō.


curtylage

English: curtilage, courtledge, courtlage

Fingallian: curtlagh

Borrowed from Old French cortillage, curtillage; compare court.


marow

English: marrow

Scots: merch, mery, mairch

Yola: marrough

From Old English mearg, from Proto-West Germanic *maʀg, from Proto-Germanic *mazgą, from Proto-Indo-European *mosgʰós.

The spinal cord (nerve tissue running down the spine)

The inside of fruits, grains, nuts, or seeds.

The soft interior portion of something:
The interior of a loaf of bread.

(figurative) The most important or best part.

The soft interior portion of something:
The most important or best part.


flourynge

English: flowering


spryng

English: spring

Scots: spring

Originally two distinct nouns:
* Old English spring, from Proto-West Germanic *spring, from Proto-Germanic *springaz (“watersource”).
* Old English spryng, from Proto-West Germanic *sprungi, from Proto-Germanic *sprungiz (“leap”), both nouns ultimately related to *springaną.

New growth of plants or trees; a twig, shrub, or a mass of shrubs.


spryngen

enm-verb

spryngen (third-person singular simple present spryngeth, present participle spryngynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative sprang, past participle sprongen)

spryngeth (present singular third-person)
spryngynge (participle present)
sprang (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
sprongen (participle past)
spryngen (infinitive)
to spryngen (infinitive)
sprynge (infinitive)
sprynge (first-person present singular)
sprang (first-person past singular)
spryngest (present second-person singular)
sprange (past second-person singular)
sprang (past second-person singular)
spryngeth (present singular third-person)
sprang (past singular third-person)
sprynge (present singular subjunctive)
sprange (past singular subjunctive)
sprynge (imperative present singular)
spryngen (plural present)
sprynge (plural present)
sprangen (past plural)
sprange (past plural)
spryngeth (imperative plural present)
sprynge (imperative plural present)
spryngynge (participle present)
spryngende (participle present)
sprongen (participle past)
spronge (participle past)
ysprongen (participle past)
yspronge (participle past)

English: spring; sprink

Scots: spring

Inherited from Old English springan, from Proto-West Germanic *springan, from Proto-Germanic *springaną; equivalent to spryng + -en (infinitival suffix). Compare sprengen.

To issue or gush (water from a water source)

(of plants) To grow, sprout, or bear fruit or flowers.

To move with great speed or energy; to dash:

To become or cause to become diffused; to spread.

To become or cause to become known or disseminated.

To establish or normalise; to become or make normal.

To sprinkle or asperse; to spread in small drops or bits.


sprytten

sprytten (third-person singular simple present sprytteth, present participle spryttende, first-/third-person singular past indicative sprytte, past participle spryt)

sprytteth (present singular third-person)
spryttende (participle present)
sprytte (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
spryt (participle past)
sprytten (infinitive)
to sprytten (infinitive)
sprytte (infinitive)
sprytte (first-person present singular)
sprytte (first-person past singular)
spryttest (present second-person singular)
spryttest (past second-person singular)
sprytteth (present singular third-person)
sprytte (past singular third-person)
sprytte (present singular subjunctive)
sprytte (past singular subjunctive)
sprytte (imperative present singular)
sprytten (plural present)
sprytte (plural present)
sprytten (past plural)
sprytte (past plural)
sprytteth (imperative plural present)
sprytte (imperative plural present)
spryttende (participle present)
spryt (participle past)
yspryt (participle past)

English: sprit, spirt, spurt

Scots: spret, sprit

From a combination of Old English spryttan (from Proto-West Germanic *spruttjan) and Old Norse spretta (from Proto-Germanic *sprantijaną, thus a doublet of sprenten). For the loss of /r/ in some forms, compare the development of speken from Old English sprecan.


synwe

English: sinew

Scots: sinnon, sinnen, sennin, shinnon

From the oblique forms of Old English sinu, seonu, from Proto-West Germanic *sinu, from Proto-Germanic *senawō, from Proto-Indo-European *snḗh₁wr̥; thus a doublet of nerve.
Some forms are influenced by Old Norse sin.


synwy

English: sinewy

(botany, rare, of leaves) Possessing veins; veined.


frayel

English: frail

Scots: frail

Borrowed from Old French frael, fraiel, of unknown origin; possibly a dissimilatory variant of flael, flaiel (“flail”); if so, a doublet of fleyl.

A rushen basket for picking dried fruit; a frail.


croppen

croppen (third-person singular simple present croppeth, present participle croppende, croppynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle cropped)

croppeth (present singular third-person)
croppende (participle present)
croppynge (participle present)
cropped (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
croppen (infinitive)
to croppen (infinitive)
croppe (infinitive)
croppe (first-person present singular)
cropped (first-person past singular)
croppest (present second-person singular)
croppedest (past second-person singular)
croppeth (present singular third-person)
cropped (past singular third-person)
croppe (present singular subjunctive)
cropped (past singular subjunctive)
croppe (imperative present singular)
croppen (plural present)
croppe (plural present)
croppeden (past plural)
croppede (past plural)
croppeth (imperative plural present)
croppe (imperative plural present)
croppynge (participle present)
croppende (participle present)
cropped (participle past)
ycropped (participle past)

English: crop

Scots: crap

Inherited from Old English croppian; equivalent to croppe (“crop”) + -en (infinitival suffix).