trace

traces (plural)
traas (alternative)
trase (alternative)

English: trace

Scots: trace

From Old French trace, from tracer, tracier.

Stepping or movement of feet, especially during dancing.


gong

gonges (plural)
gang (alternative)
gonge (alternative)
goonge (alternative)

English: gang (see there for further descendants); gong, goung (obsolete)

Scots: gang, gaung, ging

Northeastern: dyang, gyang

Inherited from Old English gang, from Proto-West Germanic *gang, from Proto-Germanic *gangaz. Compare gangen.

(Northern, rare) A gait; the way one walks.


gate

gates (plural)
gat (alternative)
gatt (alternative)
gatte (alternative)
gait (alternative)

English: gate, gait

Scots: gate

From Old Norse gata, from Proto-Germanic *gatwǭ.

The way which one acts; one's mode of behaviour:

(Late Middle English) Gait; the way one walks.


werpen

enm-verb

werpen (third-person singular simple present werpeth, present participle werpynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative warp, past participle worpen)

werpeth (present singular third-person)
werpynge (participle present)
warp (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
worpen (participle past)
werpen (infinitive)
to werpen (infinitive)
werpe (infinitive)
werpe (first-person present singular)
warp (first-person past singular)
werped (first-person past singular)
werpest (present second-person singular)
worpe (past second-person singular)
warp (past second-person singular)
werpedest (past second-person singular)
werpeth (present singular third-person)
warp (past singular third-person)
werped (past singular third-person)
werpe (present singular subjunctive)
worpe (past singular subjunctive)
werped (past singular subjunctive)
werpe (imperative present singular)
werpen (plural present)
werpe (plural present)
worpen (past plural)
worpe (past plural)
werpeden (past plural)
werpede (past plural)
werpeth (imperative plural present)
werpe (imperative plural present)
werpynge (participle present)
werpende (participle present)
worpen (participle past)
worpe (participle past)
werped (participle past)
yworpen (participle past)
yworpe (participle past)
warpe (alternative)
warpen (alternative)
warpyn (alternative)
werp (alternative)
werpe (alternative)
werrpenn (alternative)
worpe (alternative)
wurpen (alternative)

English: warp

Scots: warp

From Old English weorpan, from Proto-West Germanic *werpan, from Proto-Germanic *werpaną.

To throw; to fling:
To cast down; to throw off.

(Early Middle English, rare) To draw lots.


sliding

English: sliding

Scots: slidin, sliding

slydynge (alternative)
slidyng (alternative)
slydyng (alternative)
slidinge (alternative)
slithinge (alternative)


hurten

hurten (third-person singular simple present hurteth, present participle hurtynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative hurte, past participle hurt)

hurteth (present singular third-person)
hurtynge (participle present)
hurte (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
hurt (participle past)
hurten (infinitive)
to hurten (infinitive)
hurte (infinitive)
hurte (first-person present singular)
hurte (first-person past singular)
hurted (first-person past singular)
hurtest (present second-person singular)
hurtest (past second-person singular)
hurtedest (past second-person singular)
hurteth (present singular third-person)
hurte (past singular third-person)
hurted (past singular third-person)
hurte (present singular subjunctive)
hurte (past singular subjunctive)
hurted (past singular subjunctive)
hurte (imperative present singular)
hurten (plural present)
hurte (plural present)
hurten (past plural)
hurte (past plural)
hurteden (past plural)
hurtede (past plural)
hurteth (imperative plural present)
hurte (imperative plural present)
hurtynge (participle present)
hurtende (participle present)
hurt (participle past)
hurted (participle past)
yhurt (participle past)
herte (alternative)
hirte (alternative)
hirten (alternative)
hurt (alternative)
hurte (alternative)
hirrtenn (alternative Ormulum)

English: hurt

Scots: hurt

Usually taken to be an early borrowing from Old Northern French hurter, of disputed origin, but possibly instead from an Old English *hyrtan. In any case, equivalent to hurt + -en (infinitival suffix).

To injure; to cause harm or trouble for:

To ruin or worsen; to make damaged or worse.

To trip or fall over; to make a misstep.

To strike, hurl or bump against; to launch into.

To strike or knock down; to cause to fall.


dingen

dingen (infinitive)
to dingen (infinitive)
dinge (infinitive)
dinge (first-person present singular)
dang (first-person past singular)
dingest (present second-person singular)
donge (past second-person singular)
dange (past second-person singular)
dang (past second-person singular)
dingeth (present singular third-person)
dang (past singular third-person)
dinge (present singular subjunctive)
donge (past singular subjunctive)
dange (past singular subjunctive)
dinge (imperative present singular)
dingen (plural present)
dinge (plural present)
dongen (past plural)
donge (past plural)
dangen (past plural)
dange (past plural)
dingeth (imperative plural present)
dinge (imperative plural present)
dingynge (participle present)
dingende (participle present)
dongen (participle past)
donge (participle past)
ding (alternative)
dyngen (alternative)

English: ding

Scots: ding

From Old English *dingan, from Proto-West Germanic *dingwan, from Proto-Germanic *dingwaną.


pakken

pakken (third-person singular simple present pakketh, present participle pakkende, pakkynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle pakked)

pakketh (present singular third-person)
pakkende (participle present)
pakkynge (participle present)
pakked (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
pakken (infinitive)
to pakken (infinitive)
pakke (infinitive)
pakke (first-person present singular)
pakked (first-person past singular)
pakkest (present second-person singular)
pakkedest (past second-person singular)
pakketh (present singular third-person)
pakked (past singular third-person)
pakke (present singular subjunctive)
pakked (past singular subjunctive)
pakke (imperative present singular)
pakken (plural present)
pakke (plural present)
pakkeden (past plural)
pakkede (past plural)
pakketh (imperative plural present)
pakke (imperative plural present)
pakkynge (participle present)
pakkende (participle present)
pakked (participle past)
ypakked (participle past)
packe (alternative)
pakk (alternative)
pakke (alternative)
pakkyn (alternative)

English: pack

Scots: pack

→⇒ Medieval Latin: paccāgium

To pack; to put into a pack or container.


treden

treden (infinitive)
to treden (infinitive)
trede (infinitive)
trede (first-person present singular)
trad (first-person past singular)
tred (first-person past singular)
tredest (present second-person singular)
trede (past second-person singular)
trade (past second-person singular)
trad (past second-person singular)
tred (past second-person singular)
tredeth (present singular third-person)
trad (past singular third-person)
tred (past singular third-person)
trede (present singular subjunctive)
trede (past singular subjunctive)
trade (past singular subjunctive)
trede (imperative present singular)
treden (plural present)
trede (plural present)
treden (past plural)
trede (past plural)
traden (past plural)
trade (past plural)
tredeth (imperative plural present)
trede (imperative plural present)
tredynge (participle present)
tredende (participle present)
treden (participle past)
trede (participle past)
troden (participle past)
trode (participle past)
ytrede (participle past)
trede (alternative)
treedyn (alternative)
treede (alternative)
treeden (alternative)
tradde (alternative)

English: tread

Scots: trad, tred

Yola: trad

From Old English tredan, from Proto-West Germanic *tredan, from Proto-Germanic *trudaną.

To place one's foot on something; to lay a step on something:

To stomp or walk with great force; to crush underfoot or trample upon.

To walk or move atop or on a surface or thing.

To have sex; to copulate (used of male birds)

(rare) To look for; to search or try to find.


schoven

schoven (infinitive)
to schoven (infinitive)
schove (infinitive)
schove (first-person present singular)
schef (first-person past singular)
schof (first-person past singular)
schoved (first-person past singular)
schovest (present second-person singular)
schove (past second-person singular)
schef (past second-person singular)
schof (past second-person singular)
schovedest (past second-person singular)
schoveth (present singular third-person)
schef (past singular third-person)
schof (past singular third-person)
schoved (past singular third-person)
schove (present singular subjunctive)
schove (past singular subjunctive)
schoved (past singular subjunctive)
schove (imperative present singular)
schoven (plural present)
schove (plural present)
schoven (past plural)
schove (past plural)
schoveden (past plural)
schovede (past plural)
schoveth (imperative plural present)
schove (imperative plural present)
schovynge (participle present)
schovende (participle present)
schoven (participle past)
schove (participle past)
schoved (participle past)
yschoven (participle past)
yschove (participle past)
yschoved (participle past)
shoven (alternative)
schouven (alternative)
scheven (alternative)
scheve (alternative)
schovyn (alternative)
showve (alternative)
scheove (alternative)
schwve (alternative)
schowve (alternative)
schouve (alternative)
schove (alternative)
scuven (alternative Early-Middle-English)

English: shove

Scots: shuve

From Old English sċūfan, sċēofan (the latter is the ancestor of the variant scheven) from Proto-Germanic *skeubaną, *skūbaną.

To shove; to move (often forcibly) by direct physical force:

To shove to the ground; to knock down or over.

To stab or impale; to move a weapon into something.

To move weather or atmospheric conditions.

(rare) To crawl or mill about as a crowd.


amblen

amblen (infinitive)
to amblen (infinitive)
amble (infinitive)
amble (first-person present singular)
ambled (first-person past singular)
amblest (present second-person singular)
ambledest (past second-person singular)
ambleth (present singular third-person)
ambled (past singular third-person)
amble (present singular subjunctive)
ambled (past singular subjunctive)
amble (imperative present singular)
amblen (plural present)
amble (plural present)
ambleden (past plural)
amblede (past plural)
ambleth (imperative plural present)
amble (imperative plural present)
amblynge (participle present)
amblende (participle present)
ambled (participle past)
yambled (participle past)
aumblen (alternative)
awmbyl (alternative)
ambill (alternative)
hamle (alternative)

English: amble

From Old French ambler, from Latin ambulō.


writhen

writhen (infinitive)
to writhen (infinitive)
writhe (infinitive)
writhe (first-person present singular)
wroth (first-person past singular)
writhest (present second-person singular)
writhe (past second-person singular)
wroth (past second-person singular)
writheth (present singular third-person)
wroth (past singular third-person)
writhe (present singular subjunctive)
writhe (past singular subjunctive)
writhe (imperative present singular)
writhen (plural present)
writhe (plural present)
writhen (past plural)
writhe (past plural)
writheth (imperative plural present)
writhe (imperative plural present)
writhynge (participle present)
writhende (participle present)
writhen (participle past)
writhe (participle past)
wrethen (participle past)
wrethe (participle past)
ywrithen (participle past)
ywrithe (participle past)
wryþen (alternative)
wryþe (alternative)
wrythyn (alternative)
wriþen (alternative)
writhyn (alternative)
writhe (alternative)

English: writhe

Scots: wryth, writhe

From Old English wrīþan. Cognates include Old Swedish vrīþa and Middle High German rīden.

To move in a twisted or distorted way; to squirm.


waden

waden (infinitive)
to waden (infinitive)
wade (infinitive)
wade (first-person present singular)
wod (first-person past singular)
waded (first-person past singular)
wadest (present second-person singular)
wode (past second-person singular)
wod (past second-person singular)
wadedest (past second-person singular)
wadeth (present singular third-person)
wod (past singular third-person)
waded (past singular third-person)
wade (present singular subjunctive)
wode (past singular subjunctive)
waded (past singular subjunctive)
wade (imperative present singular)
waden (plural present)
wade (plural present)
woden (past plural)
wode (past plural)
wadeden (past plural)
wadede (past plural)
wadeth (imperative plural present)
wade (imperative plural present)
wadynge (participle present)
wadende (participle present)
waden (participle past)
wade (participle past)
waded (participle past)
ywaden (participle past)
ywade (participle past)
wade (alternative)
wode (alternative)
wadon (alternative)
wadyn (alternative)
woden (alternative)

English: wade

Scots: wade, wad

From Old English wadan, from Proto-West Germanic *wadan, from Proto-Germanic *wadaną.

To move forth; to journey on or go about.

To puncture or stab; to journey into a person's body.

To wade through a fluid; to pass through by wading.

(figurative) To immerse or involve oneself in something.


breiden

breiden (infinitive)
to breiden (infinitive)
breide (infinitive)
breide (first-person present singular)
braid (first-person past singular)
breided (first-person past singular)
breidest (present second-person singular)
braide (past second-person singular)
braid (past second-person singular)
breidedest (past second-person singular)
breideth (present singular third-person)
braid (past singular third-person)
breided (past singular third-person)
breide (present singular subjunctive)
braide (past singular subjunctive)
breided (past singular subjunctive)
breide (imperative present singular)
breiden (plural present)
breide (plural present)
braiden (past plural)
braide (past plural)
breideden (past plural)
breidede (past plural)
breideth (imperative plural present)
breide (imperative plural present)
breidynge (participle present)
breidende (participle present)
brouden (participle past)
broude (participle past)
broiden (participle past)
broide (participle past)
breided (participle past)
ybrouden (participle past)
ybroude (participle past)
brede (alternative)
breden (alternative)
breyde (alternative)
brayde (alternative)
brayden (alternative)
braiden (alternative)
bræiden (alternative)

English: braid

Scots: braid, brade, bray, breed

From Old English breġdan, brēdan, from Proto-West Germanic *bregdan, from Proto-Germanic *bregdaną.

To startle or be startled; to be alarmed.

(rare) To suddenly move; to leap to action.

To move with alacrity; to run or leap:
To suddenly move; to leap to action.


schonten

schonten (third-person singular simple present schonteth, present participle schontende, schontynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle schonted)

schonteth (present singular third-person)
schontende (participle present)
schontynge (participle present)
schonted (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
schonten (infinitive)
to schonten (infinitive)
schonte (infinitive)
schonte (first-person present singular)
schonte (first-person past singular)
schonted (first-person past singular)
schontest (present second-person singular)
schontest (past second-person singular)
schontedest (past second-person singular)
schonteth (present singular third-person)
schonte (past singular third-person)
schonted (past singular third-person)
schonte (present singular subjunctive)
schonte (past singular subjunctive)
schonted (past singular subjunctive)
schonte (imperative present singular)
schonten (plural present)
schonte (plural present)
schonten (past plural)
schonte (past plural)
schonteden (past plural)
schontede (past plural)
schonteth (imperative plural present)
schonte (imperative plural present)
schontynge (participle present)
schontende (participle present)
schont (participle past)
schonted (participle past)
schonte (alternative)
schount (alternative)
schunt (alternative)
shontt (alternative)
shunt (alternative)

English: shunt (see there for further descendants)

Unclear; multiple possibilities exist:
* From unrecorded Old English *sċunettan, a derivative of sċunian (“to avoid, fear”); thus, by surface analysis, schonen (“to avoid, fear”) + -ten (frequentative suffix).
* A back-formation from the past forms of schonen, with (West Midland) dialectal final devoicing.
* An alteration of *schunden, *schynden, from Old English sċyndan, sċendan (“to hasten, hurry”) (as in āsċyndan (“to remove, take away”), from Proto-West Germanic *skundijan, from Proto-Germanic *skundijaną (“to compel, drive, push; to accelerate, rush, speed up”).

inh

(poetic, especially Late Middle English) To start, swerve, or jerk; to suddenly move.


hyen

enm-verb

hyen (third-person singular simple present hyeth, present participle hyende, hyynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle hyed)

hyeth (present singular third-person)
hyende (participle present)
hyynge (participle present)
hyed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
hyen (infinitive)
to hyen (infinitive)
hye (infinitive)
hye (first-person present singular)
hyed (first-person past singular)
hyest (present second-person singular)
hyedest (past second-person singular)
hyeth (present singular third-person)
hyed (past singular third-person)
hye (present singular subjunctive)
hyed (past singular subjunctive)
hye (imperative present singular)
hyen (plural present)
hye (plural present)
hyeden (past plural)
hyede (past plural)
hyeth (imperative plural present)
hye (imperative plural present)
hyynge (participle present)
hyende (participle present)
hyed (participle past)
yhyed (participle past)
hy (alternative)
hye (alternative)
hyȝ (alternative)
hyȝe (alternative)
hyȝen (alternative)
hyȝye (alternative)
hyȝhen (alternative)
hygh (alternative)
hyghe (alternative)
hyghen (alternative)
heye (alternative)
he (alternative)
heȝe (alternative)
heȝen (alternative)
heyȝ (alternative)
heyȝe (alternative)
heyȝen (alternative)
heygh (alternative)
hien (alternative)
hi (alternative)
hie (alternative)
hiȝ (alternative)
hiȝe (alternative)
hiȝen (alternative)
hiȝie (alternative)
hiȝhen (alternative)
high (alternative)
highe (alternative)
highen (alternative)
heie (alternative)
heiȝ (alternative)
heiȝe (alternative)
heiȝen (alternative)
heigh (alternative)
hihe (alternative)
hihen (alternative)
hihi (alternative)
hihin (alternative)
hihȝen (alternative)
heeȝen (alternative)

English: hie

Scots: hie

From Old English hīgian, from Proto-Germanic *hīgōną.

to hie (travel at great speed or with great haste)

to do with haste or speedily; to do when needed

to do with care or fervour; to make a earnest attempt

to make fast; to hurry or expedite someone (including oneself)


slideren

slideren (infinitive)
to slideren (infinitive)
slidere (infinitive)
slidere (first-person present singular)
slidered (first-person past singular)
sliderest (present second-person singular)
slideredest (past second-person singular)
slidereth (present singular third-person)
slidered (past singular third-person)
slidere (present singular subjunctive)
slidered (past singular subjunctive)
slidere (imperative present singular)
slideren (plural present)
slidere (plural present)
slidereden (past plural)
sliderede (past plural)
slidereth (imperative plural present)
slidere (imperative plural present)
sliderynge (participle present)
sliderende (participle present)
slidered (participle past)
yslidered (participle past)
slidren (alternative)
slitheren (alternative)
slider (alternative)
slyderyn (alternative)
slyther (alternative)
slidre (alternative)
sledryn (alternative)

English: slidder, slither

Scots: slidder

Yola: slider

From Old English sliderian, slidorian, slidrian, from Proto-West Germanic *slidrōn. Equivalent to slider + -en (infinitival suffix).


steppen

steppen (infinitive)
to steppen (infinitive)
steppe (infinitive)
steppe (first-person present singular)
stop (first-person past singular)
step (first-person past singular)
stap (first-person past singular)
stepped (first-person past singular)
steppest (present second-person singular)
stope (past second-person singular)
stepe (past second-person singular)
stop (past second-person singular)
step (past second-person singular)
stap (past second-person singular)
steppedest (past second-person singular)
steppeth (present singular third-person)
stop (past singular third-person)
step (past singular third-person)
stap (past singular third-person)
stepped (past singular third-person)
steppe (present singular subjunctive)
stope (past singular subjunctive)
stepe (past singular subjunctive)
stepped (past singular subjunctive)
steppe (imperative present singular)
steppen (plural present)
steppe (plural present)
stopen (past plural)
stope (past plural)
stepen (past plural)
stepe (past plural)
steppeden (past plural)
steppede (past plural)
steppeth (imperative plural present)
steppe (imperative plural present)
steppynge (participle present)
steppende (participle present)
stapen (participle past)
stape (participle past)
stopen (participle past)
stope (participle past)
stepped (participle past)
stappen (alternative)
stapen (alternative)
stopen (alternative)
stappe (alternative)
stap (alternative)

English: step

Scots: stap, stop, step

From Old English stæppan, steppan, from Proto-West Germanic *stappjan, from Proto-Germanic *stapjaną.

To step onto; to lift one's foot onto a higher place.

To go to a specified location; to travel or take oneself.

(figurative) To move onwards; to keep doing something .


daschen

daschen (infinitive)
to daschen (infinitive)
dasche (infinitive)
dasche (first-person present singular)
dasched (first-person past singular)
daschest (present second-person singular)
daschedest (past second-person singular)
dascheth (present singular third-person)
dasched (past singular third-person)
dasche (present singular subjunctive)
dasched (past singular subjunctive)
dasche (imperative present singular)
daschen (plural present)
dasche (plural present)
dascheden (past plural)
daschede (past plural)
dascheth (imperative plural present)
dasche (imperative plural present)
daschynge (participle present)
daschende (participle present)
dasched (participle past)
ydasched (participle past)
dassh (alternative)
dasse (alternative)
dassen (alternative)
daschyn (alternative)
dasshen (alternative)
daysshen (alternative)

English: dash

Scots: dash

From the Old Danish ancestor of Danish daske. Equivalent to dasch + -en (infinitival suffix).

To run; to move hastily and with a sense of urgency.


weyven

weyven (infinitive)
to weyven (infinitive)
weyve (infinitive)
weyve (first-person present singular)
weyved (first-person past singular)
weyvest (present second-person singular)
weyvedest (past second-person singular)
weyveth (present singular third-person)
weyved (past singular third-person)
weyve (present singular subjunctive)
weyved (past singular subjunctive)
weyve (imperative present singular)
weyven (plural present)
weyve (plural present)
weyveden (past plural)
weyvede (past plural)
weyveth (imperative plural present)
weyve (imperative plural present)
weyvynge (participle present)
weyvende (participle present)
weyved (participle past)
yweyved (participle past)
weyve (alternative)
wayve (alternative)
wayf (alternative)
wayfe (alternative)
wayven (alternative)
veyven (alternative)

English: waive

From Old Norse veifa, from Proto-Germanic *waibijaną.

To shake, waver or totter; to move to and fro:

To move about; to travel aimlessly or erratically.


rerynge

English: rearing

rering (alternative)
reringe (alternative)
reryng (alternative)

(rare) Jumping; upwards moving or movement.


crepen

crepen (infinitive)
to crepen (infinitive)
crepe (infinitive)
crepe (first-person present singular)
crep (first-person past singular)
crop (first-person past singular)
crepte (first-person past singular)
creped (first-person past singular)
crepest (present second-person singular)
crope (past second-person singular)
crepe (past second-person singular)
crep (past second-person singular)
crop (past second-person singular)
creptest (past second-person singular)
crepedest (past second-person singular)
crepeth (present singular third-person)
crep (past singular third-person)
crop (past singular third-person)
crepte (past singular third-person)
creped (past singular third-person)
crepe (present singular subjunctive)
crope (past singular subjunctive)
crepe (past singular subjunctive)
crepte (past singular subjunctive)
creped (past singular subjunctive)
crepe (imperative present singular)
crepen (plural present)
crepe (plural present)
cropen (past plural)
crope (past plural)
crepen (past plural)
crepe (past plural)
crepten (past plural)
crepte (past plural)
crepeden (past plural)
crepede (past plural)
crepeth (imperative plural present)
crepe (imperative plural present)
crepynge (participle present)
crepende (participle present)
cropen (participle past)
crope (participle past)
crept (participle past)
creped (participle past)
ycrope (participle past)
crepe (alternative)
creope (alternative)
creepe (alternative)
cryepe (alternative)

English: creep

Scots: crepe, creip

From Old English crēopan, from Proto-Germanic *kreupaną.
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *grewbʰ-der.
Proto-Germanic *kreupaną
Proto-West Germanic *kreupan
Old English crēopan
Middle English crepen

etymon

To creep close to the ground; to slither or crawl.

To move in a subtle or secretive way:
To move or walk on all four limbs.

To clamber; to scale or ascend a vertical surface.

To move in a subtle or secretive way:
To walk or move secretly and carefully.


crepynge

crepyngis (plural)
creping (alternative)
crepinge (alternative)

English: creeping

Scots: creepin

(rare) The feeling a false feeling of movement inside oneself.


sliden

sliden (infinitive)
to sliden (infinitive)
slide (infinitive)
slide (first-person present singular)
slod (first-person past singular)
slidest (present second-person singular)
slide (past second-person singular)
slode (past second-person singular)
slod (past second-person singular)
slideth (present singular third-person)
slod (past singular third-person)
slide (present singular subjunctive)
slide (past singular subjunctive)
slode (past singular subjunctive)
slide (imperative present singular)
sliden (plural present)
slide (plural present)
sliden (past plural)
slide (past plural)
sloden (past plural)
slode (past plural)
slideth (imperative plural present)
slide (imperative plural present)
slidynge (participle present)
slidende (participle present)
sliden (participle past)
slide (participle past)
ysliden (participle past)
yslide (participle past)
slyden (alternative)
slydyn (alternative)
slijden (alternative)
slidyn (alternative)
slithen (alternative)
slide (alternative)
slyde (alternative)

English: slide

→ Japanese: スライド (suraido)

Scots: slide

From Old English slīdan. Cognates include Middle Dutch slīden, Middle Low German slīden, Middle High German slīten, and Sanskrit स्रेधति (sredhati).

To move, especially in an inconspicuous or noiseless way:

To leak or secrete; to move as a liquid.

To bend or deviate from something's original course.


louten

louten (infinitive)
to louten (infinitive)
loute (infinitive)
loute (first-person present singular)
louted (first-person past singular)
loute (first-person past singular)
let (first-person past singular)
loutest (present second-person singular)
loutedest (past second-person singular)
loutest (past second-person singular)
let (past second-person singular)
louteth (present singular third-person)
louted (past singular third-person)
loute (past singular third-person)
let (past singular third-person)
loute (present singular subjunctive)
louted (past singular subjunctive)
loute (past singular subjunctive)
loute (imperative present singular)
louten (plural present)
loute (plural present)
louteden (past plural)
loutede (past plural)
louten (past plural)
loute (past plural)
louteth (imperative plural present)
loute (imperative plural present)
loutynge (participle present)
loutende (participle present)
louted (participle past)
lout (participle past)
ylouted (participle past)
ylout (participle past)
loute (alternative)
lowten (alternative)
lowton (alternative)
lowtyn (alternative)
lowte (alternative)
lutenn (alternative)

English: lout (obsolete)

Scots: lout, loot, lowt

From Old English lūtan, from Proto-Germanic *lūtaną.

(intransitive) To fall over; to topple (often in the context of death)


lowting

loutinges (plural)
loutyng (alternative)
loutinge (alternative)

(rare) Hunching; bending one's body or head.


swerven

swerven (infinitive)
to swerven (infinitive)
swerve (infinitive)
swerve (first-person present singular)
swerved (first-person past singular)
swarf (first-person past singular)
swervest (present second-person singular)
swervedest (past second-person singular)
sworve (past second-person singular)
swarf (past second-person singular)
swerveth (present singular third-person)
swerved (past singular third-person)
swarf (past singular third-person)
swerve (present singular subjunctive)
swerved (past singular subjunctive)
sworve (past singular subjunctive)
swerve (imperative present singular)
swerven (plural present)
swerve (plural present)
swerveden (past plural)
swervede (past plural)
sworven (past plural)
sworve (past plural)
swerveth (imperative plural present)
swerve (imperative plural present)
swervynge (participle present)
swervende (participle present)
swerved (participle past)
sworven (participle past)
sworve (participle past)
swerve (alternative)
swarven (alternative)

English: swerve, swarve

Scots: swerve, swarve, swerfe, swarfe

From Old English sweorfan, from Proto-Germanic *swerbaną; a cognate of Middle Low German swerven, Middle Dutch swerven, and Middle High German swerben.

To leave (from one's view); to rotate away from.

To move or go unsteadily, unpredictably or erratically.

To bounce off; to avoid (hitting someone)

To repudiate or renounce; to end association with.

(rare, of emotion) To stop being present or affecting one.


wryngen

wringen (infinitive)
to wringen (infinitive)
wringe (infinitive)
wringe (first-person present singular)
wrong (first-person past singular)
wrang (first-person past singular)
wringest (present second-person singular)
wronge (past second-person singular)
wrong (past second-person singular)
wrang (past second-person singular)
wringeth (present singular third-person)
wrong (past singular third-person)
wrang (past singular third-person)
wringe (present singular subjunctive)
wronge (past singular subjunctive)
wringe (imperative present singular)
wringen (plural present)
wringe (plural present)
wrongen (past plural)
wronge (past plural)
wringeth (imperative plural present)
wringe (imperative plural present)
wringynge (participle present)
wringende (participle present)
wrongen (participle past)
wronge (participle past)
ywrongen (participle past)
ywronge (participle past)
wring (alternative)
wringe (alternative)
wringen (alternative)
wryng (alternative)
wrynge (alternative)
wryngyn (alternative)

English: wring

Scots: wring, wryng

Inherited from Old English wringan, from Proto-West Germanic *wringan, from Proto-Germanic *wringaną; a cognate of Old Frisian *wringa, Middle Low German wringen, Middle Dutch wringen, and Middle High German ringen.

(rare) To pull off; to forcibly remove by pulling.


flien

flien (infinitive)
to flien (infinitive)
flie (infinitive)
flie (first-person present singular)
fleigh (first-person past singular)
flow (first-person past singular)
flew (first-person past singular)
fliest (present second-person singular)
flowe (past second-person singular)
flewe (past second-person singular)
fleigh (past second-person singular)
flow (past second-person singular)
flew (past second-person singular)
flieth (present singular third-person)
fleigh (past singular third-person)
flow (past singular third-person)
flew (past singular third-person)
flie (present singular subjunctive)
flowe (past singular subjunctive)
flewe (past singular subjunctive)
flie (imperative present singular)
flien (plural present)
flie (plural present)
flowen (past plural)
flowe (past plural)
flewen (past plural)
flewe (past plural)
flieth (imperative plural present)
flie (imperative plural present)
fliynge (participle present)
fliende (participle present)
flowen (participle past)
flowe (participle past)
yflowen (participle past)
yflowe (participle past)
fleȝhenn (alternative)
flyyn (alternative)
fleye (alternative)
flye (alternative)
fliȝe (alternative)
flei (alternative)
fley (alternative)
flyen (alternative)
fleen (alternative)
flen (alternative)

English: fly

Scots: fle

Yola: vlee

From Old English flēogan, from Proto-West Germanic *fleugan, from Proto-Germanic *fleuganą. This verb is often conflated with fleen (“to flee”).

(of clouds, stars, etc.) To move in the sky.


wynden

enm-verb

wynden (third-person singular simple present wyndeth, present participle wyndynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative wand, past participle wounden)

wyndeth (present singular third-person)
wyndynge (participle present)
wand (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
wounden (participle past)
winden (infinitive)
to winden (infinitive)
winde (infinitive)
winde (first-person present singular)
wand (first-person past singular)
wound (first-person past singular)
windest (present second-person singular)
wounde (past second-person singular)
wand (past second-person singular)
wound (past second-person singular)
windeth (present singular third-person)
wand (past singular third-person)
wound (past singular third-person)
winde (present singular subjunctive)
wounde (past singular subjunctive)
winde (imperative present singular)
winden (plural present)
winde (plural present)
wounden (past plural)
wounde (past plural)
windeth (imperative plural present)
winde (imperative plural present)
windynge (participle present)
windende (participle present)
wounden (participle past)
wounde (participle past)
ywounden (participle past)
ywounde (participle past)
wijnde (alternative)
wind (alternative)
winde (alternative)
winden (alternative)
wynd (alternative)
wynde (alternative)
wyndyn (alternative)
wyynden (alternative)
wyyndyn (alternative)

English: wind

Scots: wind, wund, win, wun

From Old English windan, from Proto-West Germanic *windan, from Proto-Germanic *windaną.

To turn about; to rotate:
To twist, wind, or coil.

To turn about; to rotate:
To encircle; to wrap around.

To turn about; to rotate:
To wind around; to repeatedly encircle.

To operate the mechanism of a winch or clock.


crouchen

crouchen (infinitive)
to crouchen (infinitive)
crouche (infinitive)
crouche (first-person present singular)
crouched (first-person past singular)
crouchest (present second-person singular)
crouchedest (past second-person singular)
croucheth (present singular third-person)
crouched (past singular third-person)
crouche (present singular subjunctive)
crouched (past singular subjunctive)
crouche (imperative present singular)
crouchen (plural present)
crouche (plural present)
croucheden (past plural)
crouchede (past plural)
croucheth (imperative plural present)
crouche (imperative plural present)
crouchynge (participle present)
crouchende (participle present)
crouched (participle past)
ycrouched (participle past)
cruchen (alternative)

English: crouch (obsolete)

From crouche + -en (infinitival suffix).


crouchen

English: crouch

Scots: crooch, crouch

A variant of croken influenced by couchen.


swyngen

swyngen (infinitive)
to swyngen (infinitive)
swynge (infinitive)
swynge (first-person present singular)
swang (first-person past singular)
swong (first-person past singular)
swyngest (present second-person singular)
swonge (past second-person singular)
swang (past second-person singular)
swong (past second-person singular)
swyngeth (present singular third-person)
swang (past singular third-person)
swong (past singular third-person)
swynge (present singular subjunctive)
swonge (past singular subjunctive)
swynge (imperative present singular)
swyngen (plural present)
swynge (plural present)
swongen (past plural)
swonge (past plural)
swyngeth (imperative plural present)
swynge (imperative plural present)
swyngynge (participle present)
swyngende (participle present)
swongen (participle past)
swonge (participle past)
yswongen (participle past)
yswonge (participle past)
swingen (alternative)
swyng (alternative)
swynge (alternative)
swyngge (alternative)
swyngyn (alternative)
squynge (alternative Northern)
suing (alternative Northern)
swingan (alternative Early-Middle-English)
swingæn (alternative Early-Middle-English)
swinꟑenn (alternative Early-Middle-English)

English: swing

→ Dutch: swingen

→ Norman: souîndgi

Scots: swing, sweeng

Inherited from Old English swingan, from Proto-West Germanic *swingan, from Proto-Germanic *swinganą.

Jhesu, that wes milde ant fre, wes with spere y-stonge; He was nailed to the tre, with scourges y-swongen.

a. 1327, “Specimens of Lyric Poetry”, in Council of the Percy Society, volume XXVIII, published 1841, page 84:

To strike or land a blow:
To flog, beat, or scourge.

To strike or land a blow:
To chastise; to injure as punishment.

(cooking) To beat or whip (eggs or milk)


swengen

swengen (third-person singular simple present swengeth, present participle swengende, swengynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle swenged)

swengeth (present singular third-person)
swengende (participle present)
swengynge (participle present)
swenged (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
swengen (infinitive)
to swengen (infinitive)
swenge (infinitive)
swenge (first-person present singular)
sweynde (first-person past singular)
swenged (first-person past singular)
swengest (present second-person singular)
sweyndest (past second-person singular)
swengedest (past second-person singular)
swengeth (present singular third-person)
sweynde (past singular third-person)
swenged (past singular third-person)
swenge (present singular subjunctive)
sweynde (past singular subjunctive)
swenged (past singular subjunctive)
swenge (imperative present singular)
swengen (plural present)
swenge (plural present)
sweynden (past plural)
sweynde (past plural)
swengeden (past plural)
swengede (past plural)
swengeth (imperative plural present)
swenge (imperative plural present)
swengynge (participle present)
swengende (participle present)
sweynd (participle past)
swenged (participle past)
ysweynd (participle past)
yswenged (participle past)
swengyn (alternative)
suenge (alternative Northern)

English: swinge

Scots: swinge, sweenge, swunge

Yola: swinged (preterite)

From Old English swenġan, from Proto-West Germanic *swangijan (“to cause to swing”). Equivalent to sweng + -en (infinitival suffix). Compare swyngen.


swymmen

enm-verb

swymmen (third-person singular simple present swymmen, present participle swymmynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative swam, past participle swummen)

swymmen (present singular third-person)
swymmynge (participle present)
swam (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
swummen (participle past)
swymmen (infinitive)
to swymmen (infinitive)
swymme (infinitive)
swymme (first-person present singular)
swam (first-person past singular)
swymmed (first-person past singular)
swymmest (present second-person singular)
swumme (past second-person singular)
swam (past second-person singular)
swymmedest (past second-person singular)
swymmeth (present singular third-person)
swam (past singular third-person)
swymmed (past singular third-person)
swymme (present singular subjunctive)
swumme (past singular subjunctive)
swymmed (past singular subjunctive)
swymme (imperative present singular)
swymmen (plural present)
swymme (plural present)
swummen (past plural)
swumme (past plural)
swymmeden (past plural)
swymmede (past plural)
swymmeth (imperative plural present)
swymme (imperative plural present)
swymmynge (participle present)
swymmende (participle present)
swummen (participle past)
swumme (participle past)
swymmed (participle past)
suymmyne (alternative)
sweme (alternative)
swemmen (alternative)
swimmen (alternative)
swyme (alternative)
swymme (alternative)
squim (alternative Northern)

English: swim

Scots: sweem, soom

From Old English swimman, from Proto-West Germanic *swimman, from Proto-Germanic *swimmaną.
Forms in -e- and weak forms are possibly due to the conflation of this verb with an Old English *swemman.


couren

couren (third-person singular simple present coureth, present participle courende, courynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle coured)

coureth (present singular third-person)
courende (participle present)
courynge (participle present)
coured (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
couren (infinitive)
to couren (infinitive)
coure (infinitive)
coure (first-person present singular)
coured (first-person past singular)
courest (present second-person singular)
couredest (past second-person singular)
coureth (present singular third-person)
coured (past singular third-person)
coure (present singular subjunctive)
coured (past singular subjunctive)
coure (imperative present singular)
couren (plural present)
coure (plural present)
coureden (past plural)
courede (past plural)
coureth (imperative plural present)
coure (imperative plural present)
courynge (participle present)
courende (participle present)
coured (participle past)
cowre (alternative)
curyn (alternative)
koure (alternative)

English: cower

Scots: cour, coor

Borrowed from either Middle Low German kûren (“to lie in wait; linger”) or a similar North Germanic word (e.g. Icelandic kúra (“to doze”)); according to Pokorny, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“to curve, bend”), see also Proto-Germanic *kuddô (“shell, pod”).

der

To crouch, especially in fear; to cower.


hurtelen

enm-verb

hurtelen (third-person singular simple present hurteleth, present participle hurtelende, hurtelynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle hurteled)

hurteleth (present singular third-person)
hurtelende (participle present)
hurtelynge (participle present)
hurteled (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
hurtelen (infinitive)
to hurtelen (infinitive)
hurtele (infinitive)
hurtele (first-person present singular)
hurteled (first-person past singular)
hurtelest (present second-person singular)
hurteledest (past second-person singular)
hurteleth (present singular third-person)
hurteled (past singular third-person)
hurtele (present singular subjunctive)
hurteled (past singular subjunctive)
hurtele (imperative present singular)
hurtelen (plural present)
hurtele (plural present)
hurteleden (past plural)
hurtelede (past plural)
hurteleth (imperative plural present)
hurtele (imperative plural present)
hurtelynge (participle present)
hurtelende (participle present)
hurteled (participle past)
yhurteled (participle past)
hurcle (alternative)
hurkle (alternative)
hurtel (alternative)
hurtelyn (alternative)
hurtle (alternative)
hurtlen (alternative)

English: hurtle

From hurten + -elen; compare hurlen. For forms with /k/, compare dialectal modern English turkle (“turtle”).

O fyrſt mouyng cruel firmament / Wyth thy diurnal ſwegh, that croudeſt aye / And hurtleſte al fro Eſt to Occident / That naturally wolde holde another way

[1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Man of Lawes Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales (in Middle English), [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC, folio xxi, recto:

O first moving cruel firmament / With thy diurnal sway that crowdest aye [always] / And hurtles all from East to Occident / That naturally would hold another way

To trip or fall over; to make a misstep.

To smash or fall together; to undergo collision.

To throw or shove; to apply force to:
To charge or run towards; to come at.

To clash or fight; to enter into combat with.

To strike or knock down; to cause to fall.

He foineth on his foe with a trunchoun, / And he him hurtleth with his horse adown.

[1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Knight’s Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales (in Middle English), [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; Charles Cowden Clarke, editor, The Canterbury Tales of Chaucer. […], 2nd edition, volume I, Edinburgh: James Nichol; London: James Nisbet & Co.; Dublin: W. Robertson, 1860, →OCLC, page 81, lines 2617–2618:

He foineth [thrust] on his foe with a truncheon, / And he him hurtleth with his horse adown.


hurlen

hurlen (third-person singular simple present hurleth, present participle hurlende, hurlynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle hurled)

hurleth (present singular third-person)
hurlende (participle present)
hurlynge (participle present)
hurled (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
hurlen (infinitive)
to hurlen (infinitive)
hurle (infinitive)
hurle (first-person present singular)
hurled (first-person past singular)
hurlest (present second-person singular)
hurledest (past second-person singular)
hurleth (present singular third-person)
hurled (past singular third-person)
hurle (present singular subjunctive)
hurled (past singular subjunctive)
hurle (imperative present singular)
hurlen (plural present)
hurle (plural present)
hurleden (past plural)
hurlede (past plural)
hurleth (imperative plural present)
hurle (imperative plural present)
hurlynge (participle present)
hurlende (participle present)
hurled (participle past)
yhurled (participle past)
horlen (alternative)
hurl (alternative)
hurle (alternative)
hurlyn (alternative)

English: hurl

Scots: hurl


spryngen

spryngen (third-person singular simple present spryngeth, present participle spryngynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative sprang, past participle sprongen)

spryngeth (present singular third-person)
spryngynge (participle present)
sprang (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
sprongen (participle past)
spryngen (infinitive)
to spryngen (infinitive)
sprynge (infinitive)
sprynge (first-person present singular)
sprang (first-person past singular)
spryngest (present second-person singular)
sprange (past second-person singular)
sprang (past second-person singular)
spryngeth (present singular third-person)
sprang (past singular third-person)
sprynge (present singular subjunctive)
sprange (past singular subjunctive)
sprynge (imperative present singular)
spryngen (plural present)
sprynge (plural present)
sprangen (past plural)
sprange (past plural)
spryngeth (imperative plural present)
sprynge (imperative plural present)
spryngynge (participle present)
spryngende (participle present)
sprongen (participle past)
spronge (participle past)
ysprongen (participle past)
yspronge (participle past)
spring (alternative)
springe (alternative)
springen (alternative)
springgen (alternative)
springuen (alternative)
sprinke (alternative)
spryng (alternative)
sprynge (alternative)
spryngge (alternative)
sprynggyn (alternative)
sprynghe (alternative)
sprinken (alternative Early-Middle-English)

English: spring; sprink

Scots: spring

Inherited from Old English springan, from Proto-West Germanic *springan, from Proto-Germanic *springaną; equivalent to spryng + -en (infinitival suffix). Compare sprengen.

To move with great speed or energy; to dash:

To spring (jump with great speed or energy).

To shoot or spurt out; to emerge suddenly and quickly.


sprenten

sprenten (third-person singular simple present sprente, present participle sprentynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative sprente, past participle sprent)

sprente (present singular third-person)
sprentynge (participle present)
sprente (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
sprent (participle past)
sprenten (infinitive)
to sprenten (infinitive)
sprente (infinitive)
sprente (first-person present singular)
sprente (first-person past singular)
sprentest (present second-person singular)
sprentest (past second-person singular)
sprenteth (present singular third-person)
sprente (past singular third-person)
sprente (present singular subjunctive)
sprente (past singular subjunctive)
sprente (imperative present singular)
sprenten (plural present)
sprente (plural present)
sprenten (past plural)
sprente (past plural)
sprenteth (imperative plural present)
sprente (imperative plural present)
sprentynge (participle present)
sprentende (participle present)
sprent (participle past)
sprent (alternative)

q

English: sprint (see there for further descendants; dialectal sprent, sprunt)

Scots: sprent, sprint, spraint, sprind

Borrowed from Old Norse *sprenta (for later spretta), from Proto-Germanic *sprantijaną, thus a doublet of sprytten. Reinforced by sprent, variant of sprend, past participle of sprengen.


skewen

enm-verb

skewen (third-person singular simple present skeweth, present participle skewende, skewynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle skewed)

skeweth (present singular third-person)
skewende (participle present)
skewynge (participle present)
skewed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
skewen (infinitive)
to skewen (infinitive)
skewe (infinitive)
skewe (first-person present singular)
skewed (first-person past singular)
skewest (present second-person singular)
skewedest (past second-person singular)
skeweth (present singular third-person)
skewed (past singular third-person)
skewe (present singular subjunctive)
skewed (past singular subjunctive)
skewe (imperative present singular)
skewen (plural present)
skewe (plural present)
skeweden (past plural)
skewede (past plural)
skeweth (imperative plural present)
skewe (imperative plural present)
skewynge (participle present)
skewende (participle present)
skewed (participle past)
yskewed (participle past)
skewe (alternative)

English: skew

Scots: skew, skyow

Borrowed from Old Northern French escuer, from Frankish *skiuhijan; a doublet of eschewen.


swippen

enm-verb

swippen (third-person singular simple present swippeth, present participle swippynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative swipte, past participle swipt)

swippeth (present singular third-person)
swippynge (participle present)
swipte (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
swipt (participle past)
swippen (infinitive)
to swippen (infinitive)
swippe (infinitive)
swippe (first-person present singular)
swipte (first-person past singular)
swippest (present second-person singular)
swiptest (past second-person singular)
swippeth (present singular third-person)
swipte (past singular third-person)
swippe (present singular subjunctive)
swipte (past singular subjunctive)
swippe (imperative present singular)
swippen (plural present)
swippe (plural present)
swipten (past plural)
swipte (past plural)
swippeth (imperative plural present)
swippe (imperative plural present)
swippynge (participle present)
swippende (participle present)
swipt (participle past)
yswipt (participle past)
swype (alternative)

English: swip

>? English: swipe

Scots: soop

Inherited from Old English swipian, from Proto-West Germanic *swippjan; compare swepen and swopen.

(transitive, religion) To move with haste; to speed.


stakeren

stakeren (third-person singular simple present stakereth, present participle stakerende, stakerynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle stakered)

stakereth (present singular third-person)
stakerende (participle present)
stakerynge (participle present)
stakered (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
stakeren (infinitive)
to stakeren (infinitive)
stakere (infinitive)
stakere (first-person present singular)
stakered (first-person past singular)
stakerest (present second-person singular)
stakeredest (past second-person singular)
stakereth (present singular third-person)
stakered (past singular third-person)
stakere (present singular subjunctive)
stakered (past singular subjunctive)
stakere (imperative present singular)
stakeren (plural present)
stakere (plural present)
stakereden (past plural)
stakerede (past plural)
stakereth (imperative plural present)
stakere (imperative plural present)
stakerynge (participle present)
stakerende (participle present)
stakered (participle past)
stagir (alternative)
staker (alternative)
stakeryn (alternative)
stakren (alternative)
stakur (alternative)
stakyre (alternative)

English: stagger

Middle Scots: stakker, stagger

Scots: stacker, stacher, staucher

Borrowed from Old Norse stakra (“to push, stagger”), frequentative of staka.

bor+

To stagger; to walk unsteadily or erratically.

(rare) To stutter; to speak a spasmodic repetition.