woke

head

woke (plural and weak singular woke, comparative wakker, superlative wakkest)

woke (plural)
woke (singular weak)
wakker (comparative)
wakkest (superlative)
wac (alternative)
woc (alternative)
wake (alternative)
wok (alternative)
wooc (alternative)
woake (alternative)

Scots: wak, wake, waik (conflated with weyk)

Inherited from Old English wāc, from Proto-West Germanic *waikw, from Proto-Germanic *waikwaz. Doublet of weyk.

Physically weak or feeble; lacking strength or energy:

Lacking competency in combat or on the battlefield.

Weak-minded; lacking mental force, power or endurance:

(rare) Fearful, afraid; lacking bravery or courage.

(rare) Indecisive (unable to commit or take action).

(rare) Bendable; able to be plied or flexed.


stroke

strokes (plural)
strok (alternative)
strake (alternative)
strak (alternative)
strook (alternative)
strooke (alternative)

English: stroke

Scots: strake, straik, strak

Yola: stroke

From Old English *strāc, from Proto-West Germanic *straik.

A loud sound caused by weather (e.g. heavy rain)


silence

English: silence

Scots: seelence

From Old French silence, from Latin silentium.

scilence (alternative)
scylence (alternative)
scilense (alternative)
silens (alternative)
sylence (alternative)
scielence (alternative)
cilence (alternative)

Quietness; a lack of sound or speaking (for a given area or time).


dyne

English: din, dun

Middle Scots: dyn, din

Scots: din

Inherited from Old English dyne, from Proto-West Germanic *duni, from Proto-Germanic *duniz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwen-.

din (alternative)
dine (alternative)
dyn (alternative)
den (alternative West-Midlands)
done (alternative West-Midlands)
doene (alternative West-Midlands)
duene (alternative West-Midlands)
dene (alternative East-Anglia West-Midlands)
deone (alternative East-Anglia West-Midlands)
dune (alternative Southern West-Midlands)
dynne (alternative Late-Middle-English)


ere

eren (plural)
eres (plural)
eare (alternative)
eere (alternative)
eyr (alternative)
ȝhere (alternative)
here (alternative)
ire (alternative)
yere (alternative)

English: ear
Tok Pisin: ia

Scots: ear

From Old English ēare, from Proto-West Germanic *auʀā, from Proto-Germanic *ausô, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ṓws.

The ear (organ that receives sound):
The auricle; the outside of the ear.

The ear canal; the inside channel of the ear.

If ony man haþ eeris of herynge .· here he

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Mark 7:16, page 19v, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

If anyone has ears for hearing, make him hear.

The sense of hearing; the ability to hear.


bas

English: base, bass

Scots: base

Borrowed from Old French bas, from Late Latin bassus.

baas (alternative)
bace (alternative)
base (alternative)
bass (alternative)
basse (alternative)

Low, short; lacking in height or altitude.

Poor, unlucky, common; of low rank or wealth.


riche

riche (plural and weak singular riche, comparative richere, superlative richest)

riche (plural)
riche (singular weak)
richere (comparative)
richest (superlative)
rech (alternative)
reche (alternative)
rich (alternative)
ruche (alternative)
rych (alternative)
ryche (alternative)
reke (alternative Northern)
rik (alternative Northern)
rike (alternative Northern)
rice (alternative Early-Middle-English)

English: rich

Scots: rich

Yola: reeche

From Old English rīċe (“mighty, rich”), from Proto-West Germanic *rīkī, from Proto-Germanic *rīkijaz (“powerful, rich”), from *rīks, an early borrowing from Proto-Celtic *rīxs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs.

inh

Intense; loud (in sound), deep (in colour)


murmur

murmurs (plural)
murmure (alternative)
murmour (alternative)
murmour (alternative)
murmor (alternative)

English: murmur

From Old French murmure, from Latin murmur.


hos

hose (plural)
hose (singular weak)
hose (alternative)
hoos (alternative)
hoose (alternative)
hoce (alternative)
hase (alternative)
haase (alternative)
hayse (alternative)
hors (alternative)
horse (alternative)
hoorse (alternative)

English: hoarse

Scots: hairse, hairsh, haise

From Old English hās, *hārs, from Proto-Germanic *haisaz, *haisraz.

(rare) Unclear-sounding; hard to detect.


doucet

English: dulcet

From Old French doucet; equivalent to douce + -et.

dowcet (alternative)
dowset (alternative)
dowsett (alternative)
dulcett (alternative)

(rare, Late Middle English) Sweet-tasting, sugary.

(rare, Late Middle English) Nice-tasting, tasty or delicious.

(rare, Late Middle English) Nice, friendly, kind.


muet

English: mute

Scots: mute

From Anglo-Norman muet; sometimes influenced by Latin mūtus.

mute (alternative)
mywet (alternative)
mewet (alternative)
mwet (alternative)
muyt (alternative)
muett (alternative)

(rare) Mute; unable to speak or incapable of speech.


lude

English: loude (obsolete)

Scots: lood, luid

From Old English hlȳd (“noise, sound, tumult, disturbance, dissension”), from Proto-Germanic *hlūdijō (“sound”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew- (“to hear”). Influenced by Old Norse hljóð (from Proto-Germanic *hleuþą). The final vowel is generalised from Old English inflected forms.

der

Þa hunten wenden æfter mid muchelen heora lude. — Layamon's Brut

Þa luden heo iherden of þan Rom-leoden. — Layamon's Brut


remen

remen (infinitive)
to remen (infinitive)
reme (infinitive)
reme (first-person present singular)
remed (first-person past singular)
remest (present second-person singular)
remedest (past second-person singular)
remeth (present singular third-person)
remed (past singular third-person)
reme (present singular subjunctive)
remed (past singular subjunctive)
reme (imperative present singular)
remen (plural present)
reme (plural present)
remeden (past plural)
remede (past plural)
remeth (imperative plural present)
reme (imperative plural present)
remynge (participle present)
remende (participle present)
remed (participle past)
yremed (participle past)
reme (alternative)
ræmen (alternative Early-Middle-English)
ræmien (alternative Early-Middle-English)
reamen (alternative Early-Middle-English)
remi (alternative Early-Middle-English)

Unknown; Potentially from an Old English *rǣman, (see Old English ārǣman) from an otherwise unattested Proto-Germanic *raimijaną.

To extend; to arise or awaken from one's rest.


noyse

noyses (plural)
neoyse (alternative)
noice (alternative)
noise (alternative)
noyce (alternative)
noyes (alternative)
noys (alternative)

English: noise

Scots: noise

Borrowed from Old French noise, from either Latin nausea or Latin noxia.

A sound (auditory sensation):
A noise (unpleasant sound)

A sound (auditory sensation):
A loud voice; a crying out.

A sound (auditory sensation):
The sound made by a certain animal.


gron

grones (plural)
grone (alternative)
grane (alternative)

English: groan

Scots: grain, grane


voys

voyses (plural)
vois (alternative)
voice (alternative)
voyce (alternative)
voysce (alternative)
voyse (alternative)
voise (alternative)
voyz (alternative)
voix (alternative)
voce (alternative)
veys (alternative)
vaise (alternative)
voyes (alternative)

English: voice

Scots: voice, vice, vyce

Yola: vice

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman voiz, voys, veys, from Latin vōx, from Proto-Indo-European *wṓkʷs.

A voice (sound made with the mouth):
The voice of a particular person.

⁊ I herde a greet vois in heuene .· ſeiynge / now is maad helþe ⁊ vertu ⁊ kyngdom of oure god .· ⁊ þe power of his criſt / foꝛ þe accuſere of oure bꝛiþeren is caſt doun .· which accuſide hem bifoꝛe þe ſiȝt of oure god · dai ⁊ nyȝt

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 12:10, page 121v, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

And I heard a powerful voice in Heaven, saying: "Now health, power, the kingdom of our God, and the might of his Christ have been established, because the accuser of our brothers is hurled down, who criticised them day and night."

⁊ an oþer aungel wente out of þe temple .· ⁊ criede wiþ greet vois to hym þat ſat on þe cloude / ſende þi ſikel ⁊ repe .· foꝛ þe our comeþ þat it be ropun. foꝛ þe coꝛn of þe erþe is ripe

c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 14:15, page 122r, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

And another angel went out of the temple, and cried with a powerful voice to the one who sat on the cloud: "Take your sickle and reap, as the hour it should be reaped is coming; the harvest of the Earth is ripe!"

A voice (sound made with the mouth):
A particular type of voice.

The sound made by a certain kind of talking.

The speech faculty; one's capability to make sound.

A voice (sound made with the mouth):
The vocal organs.

A musical sound; a tune, note, or musical piece or a kind of one.

The sound an animal makes or their capability to make it.


bateren

enm-verb

bateren (third-person singular simple present batereth, present participle baterende, baterynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle batered)

batereth (present singular third-person)
baterende (participle present)
baterynge (participle present)
batered (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
bateren (infinitive)
to bateren (infinitive)
batere (infinitive)
batere (first-person present singular)
batered (first-person past singular)
baterest (present second-person singular)
bateredest (past second-person singular)
batereth (present singular third-person)
batered (past singular third-person)
batere (present singular subjunctive)
batered (past singular subjunctive)
batere (imperative present singular)
bateren (plural present)
batere (plural present)
batereden (past plural)
baterede (past plural)
batereth (imperative plural present)
batere (imperative plural present)
baterynge (participle present)
baterende (participle present)
batered (participle past)
ybatered (participle past)
batre (alternative)

English: batter

Scots: batter

Borrowed from Old French batre (< Latin battere, earlier battuere), with the Old French infinitival ending retained as if baten (“to beat”) + -eren.

(rare, music) To resound; to produce vibrations.


mery

head

mery (comparative meriere, superlative meriest)

meriere (comparative)
meriest (superlative)
merie (alternative)
mirie (alternative)
myrie (alternative)
murie (alternative)
murȝe (alternative)
merye (alternative)
myrry (alternative)
myry (alternative)
miry (alternative)
mirye (alternative)
myriȝe (alternative)
myrye (alternative)
murye (alternative)
miri (alternative)
meri (alternative)
mury (alternative)

English: merry

Scots: mirry, mery

Inherited from Old English meriġe, miriġe, myriġe, myreġe, myrġe, from Proto-West Germanic *murgī, from Proto-Germanic *murguz, from Proto-Indo-European *mréǵʰus. Doublet of bref.

Happy, joyful, pleased; in a good mood or state of mind:

Tending to be happy; jovial, merry, good-natured, blissful.

Creating or pertaining to happiness; nice, good, delightful.

(of a time or place) Happy, nice, good, bounteous.

(of speech or sound) Useful, entertaining, appealing.


weyk

weyk (plural and weak singular weyke, comparative weyker, superlative weykest)

weyke (plural)
weyke (singular weak)
weyker (comparative)
weykest (superlative)
wayk (alternative)
weik (alternative)
waik (alternative)
weke (alternative)
weeke (alternative)
wayke (alternative)
waike (alternative)
weyke (alternative)
weike (alternative)

English: weak

Scots: waik, wake, wak (conflated with woke)

Borrowed from Old Norse veikr, from Proto-Germanic *waikwaz, from Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to bend, wind”); forms with /ɛː/ are borrowed from Old Norse dialects which underwent East Nordic monophongisation. Doublet of woke; akin to Old English wīcan (“to yield”).

der

Lacking mental strength, force, power or endurance:

Fearing, afraid; lacking bravery, heart, or courage.


hevy

head

hevy (plural and weak singular hevye, comparative hevyere, superlative hevyest)

hevye (plural)
hevye (singular weak)
hevyere (comparative)
hevyest (superlative)
hevi (alternative)
hevie (alternative)
hevye (alternative)
evi (alternative)
evy (alternative)
hevey (alternative)
heveg (alternative)
heve (alternative)
heyve (alternative)
hefi (alternative)
hefia (alternative)
hefig (alternative)
hefige (alternative)
hefiȝ (alternative)
hefeȝ (alternative)
hevȝ (alternative)
heviȝ (alternative)

English: heavy

Scots: hivy

From Old English hefiġ, from Proto-Germanic *habīgaz, equivalent to heven + -y.


reysen

enm-verb

reysen (third-person singular simple present reyseth, present participle reysende, reysynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle reysed)

reyseth (present singular third-person)
reysende (participle present)
reysynge (participle present)
reysed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
reysen (infinitive)
to reysen (infinitive)
reyse (infinitive)
reyse (first-person present singular)
reysed (first-person past singular)
reysest (present second-person singular)
reysedest (past second-person singular)
reyseth (present singular third-person)
reysed (past singular third-person)
reyse (present singular subjunctive)
reysed (past singular subjunctive)
reyse (imperative present singular)
reysen (plural present)
reyse (plural present)
reyseden (past plural)
reysede (past plural)
reyseth (imperative plural present)
reyse (imperative plural present)
reysynge (participle present)
reysende (participle present)
reysed (participle past)
yreysed (participle past)
rais (alternative)
raisen (alternative)
rayse (alternative)
raysen (alternative)
reise (alternative)
reisen (alternative)
rese (alternative)
reyse (alternative)
reysyn (alternative)
reȝȝsenn (alternative Ormulum)

English: raise

Scots: rais, rase, raise

Borrowed from Old Norse reisa, from Proto-Germanic *raisijaną, *raizijaną. Doublet of reren.


yellynge

English: yelling

ȝellyng (alternative)
ȝellynge (alternative)
ȝolling (alternative)
ȝollinge (alternative)
ȝollyng (alternative)
ȝollynge (alternative)
yellinge (alternative)


thonder

thondres (plural)
thoner (alternative)
thunder (alternative)
thundre (alternative)
thonre (alternative)
thunnere (alternative)
þunre (alternative)
thwndur (alternative)
thundur (alternative)
thondir (alternative)
thondyr (alternative)
þonder (alternative)
þunder (alternative)
thounder (alternative)
thundyr (alternative)

English: thunder

desc

Scots: thunner, thuner, thunder, thundir

Yola: dhunder, dunder

Inherited from Old English þunor, from Proto-West Germanic *þunr.
The varieties with -d- are from the oblique stem of þunor, þunr-, which experienced a sound change -nr- → -ndr-; this was leveled into all forms of the word (compare gandre).

Thunder (loud noise created during a thunderstorm).


trumpen

trumpen (infinitive)
to trumpen (infinitive)
trumpe (infinitive)
trumpe (first-person present singular)
trumped (first-person past singular)
trumpest (present second-person singular)
trumpedest (past second-person singular)
trumpeth (present singular third-person)
trumped (past singular third-person)
trumpe (present singular subjunctive)
trumped (past singular subjunctive)
trumpe (imperative present singular)
trumpen (plural present)
trumpe (plural present)
trumpeden (past plural)
trumpede (past plural)
trumpeth (imperative plural present)
trumpe (imperative plural present)
trumpynge (participle present)
trumpende (participle present)
trumped (participle past)
ytrumped (participle past)
trumpe (alternative)
trompe (alternative)
tromppe (alternative)
trumpon (alternative)
trompy (alternative)

English: trump

From Old French trumper; equivalent to trumpe + -en (infinitival suffix).


gronen

gronen (infinitive)
to gronen (infinitive)
grone (infinitive)
grone (first-person present singular)
groned (first-person past singular)
gronest (present second-person singular)
gronedest (past second-person singular)
groneth (present singular third-person)
groned (past singular third-person)
grone (present singular subjunctive)
groned (past singular subjunctive)
grone (imperative present singular)
gronen (plural present)
grone (plural present)
groneden (past plural)
gronede (past plural)
groneth (imperative plural present)
grone (imperative plural present)
gronynge (participle present)
gronende (participle present)
groned (participle past)
ygroned (participle past)
grane (alternative)
gron (alternative)
grone (alternative)
groni (alternative)
gronyn (alternative)
groone (alternative)
granien (alternative Early-Middle-English)
granin (alternative Early-Middle-English)

English: groan

Scots: grane, grain

Inherited from Old English grānian, from Proto-West Germanic *grainōn, from Proto-Germanic *grainōną, a derivative of *grīnaną (which didn't leave any descendants in Middle English).

gloss

To groan; to make a groaning or moaning sound:

To groan as an animal; to make beastly calls.


gronynge

English: groaning

From Old English grānung; equivalent to gronen + -ing.

granyng (alternative)
groning (alternative)
groninge (alternative)
gronyng (alternative)
graning (alternative Early-Middle-English)
graninge (alternative Early-Middle-English)
granunge (alternative Early-Middle-English)


groynen

groynen (infinitive)
to groynen (infinitive)
groyne (infinitive)
groyne (first-person present singular)
groyned (first-person past singular)
groynest (present second-person singular)
groynedest (past second-person singular)
groyneth (present singular third-person)
groyned (past singular third-person)
groyne (present singular subjunctive)
groyned (past singular subjunctive)
groyne (imperative present singular)
groynen (plural present)
groyne (plural present)
groyneden (past plural)
groynede (past plural)
groyneth (imperative plural present)
groyne (imperative plural present)
groynynge (participle present)
groynende (participle present)
groyned (participle past)
ygroyned (participle past)
gronye (alternative)
grunny (alternative)
growne (alternative)
groun (alternative)
gruynen (alternative)
groignen (alternative)
grunie (alternative)
groyne (alternative)

English: groin

Scots: groin

From a mixture of Old French groignier, grougnier (from Latin grunniō) and Old English grunnian (from Proto-Germanic *grunnōną). Equivalent to groyn + -en (infinitival suffix).

(of animals) To make a gnarling or groaning sound.


grunten

enm-verb

grunten (third-person singular simple present grunteth, present participle gruntynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative grunte, past participle grunt)

grunteth (present singular third-person)
gruntynge (participle present)
grunte (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
grunt (participle past)
grunten (infinitive)
to grunten (infinitive)
grunte (infinitive)
grunte (first-person present singular)
grunte (first-person past singular)
grunted (first-person past singular)
gruntest (present second-person singular)
gruntest (past second-person singular)
gruntedest (past second-person singular)
grunteth (present singular third-person)
grunte (past singular third-person)
grunted (past singular third-person)
grunte (present singular subjunctive)
grunte (past singular subjunctive)
grunted (past singular subjunctive)
grunte (imperative present singular)
grunten (plural present)
grunte (plural present)
grunten (past plural)
grunte (past plural)
grunteden (past plural)
gruntede (past plural)
grunteth (imperative plural present)
grunte (imperative plural present)
gruntynge (participle present)
gruntende (participle present)
grunt (participle past)
grunted (participle past)
gronte (alternative)
gronten (alternative)
grunt (alternative)
grunte (alternative)
grunton (alternative)

English: grunt

Scots: grunt

Inherited from Old English grunnettan, from Proto-West Germanic *grunnattjan, from Proto-Germanic *grunnatjaną. Equivalent to groynen + -ten.

To moan; to make a groaning or moaning sound.


gruntynge

gruntyngis (plural)
grontinge (alternative)
gronttyng (alternative)
grontynge (alternative)
gruntyng (alternative)

English: grunting

(rare) A moan; the making groaning or moaning sound.


hosely

English: hoarsely

Scots: hairsely

hosliche (alternative)
horselie (alternative)

In an unclear-sounding or hard to detect way.


hosnesse

English: hoarseness

From Old English hāsnes; equivalent to hos + -nesse.

hosnes (alternative)
hosenes (alternative)
hosenez (alternative)
hosenesse (alternative)
hoocenesse (alternative)
hoosness (alternative)
hoosnesse (alternative)
hoosenez (alternative)
hasenes (alternative)
hasenesse (alternative)
horsenes (alternative)
horsenesse (alternative)
hoorsnesse (alternative)


swei

From Old English swēg, from Proto-West Germanic *swōgi, from Proto-Germanic *swōgiz (“sound, noise”), related to Proto-Germanic *swōganą from Proto-Indo-European *sweh₂gʰ-. Cognate with Old Norse sœgr (“tumult, noise”).
Replaced by swough, swouȝ > sough from the verb swoȝen. More at sough, swoon.

On þisse deie, þet is, pentecostes, and wittesunnedeie on ure speche, com ferliche muchel swei of heofne and fulde al þa upfleunge mid fure.

On this day, that is of Pentecost, and Whitsunday in our speech, came suddenly much sound from heaven and filled all the upper levels with fury

Þurh þæs deofles lore, þeo þe likede wel... he swefede þe mid þen sweiȝe; swote þu sleptest longe on þine bedde...

Through the devil's instruction, the one who liked thee well, he lulled thee to sleep with his music, when sweetly thou slept long in thine bed


bemen

bemen (infinitive)
to bemen (infinitive)
beme (infinitive)
beme (first-person present singular)
bemed (first-person past singular)
bemest (present second-person singular)
bemedest (past second-person singular)
bemeth (present singular third-person)
bemed (past singular third-person)
beme (present singular subjunctive)
bemed (past singular subjunctive)
beme (imperative present singular)
bemen (plural present)
beme (plural present)
bemeden (past plural)
bemede (past plural)
bemeth (imperative plural present)
beme (imperative plural present)
bemynge (participle present)
bemende (participle present)
bemed (participle past)
ybemed (participle past)

>? English: beam

(Late Middle English, rare) To illuminate; to make bright.


gyngle

gyngel (alternative)
gingille (alternative)

And whan he rood, men myghte his brydel heere
Gynglen in a whistlynge wynd als cleere

[1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “Here Bygynneth the Book of the Tales of Caunt́burẏ”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D) (in Middle English), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio iv, recto:

And when he rode, you could hear his bridle
jingle in a whistling wind as clearly