crude

English: crude (see there for further descendants)

unprocessed, uncooked, unworked (in a negative way)


vert

English: vert

Borrowed from Old French vert, from Late Latin virdis, syncopated from Classical Latin viridis.

verd (alternative)
verte (alternative)
wert (alternative)


lid

liddis (plural)
lyd (alternative)
lidde (alternative)
lidd (alternative)
lydde (alternative)

English: lid

Scots: lid

From Old English hlid, from Proto-Germanic *hlidą.

A lid; a piece of material used to cover a container.


gele

gelees (plural)
jelyf (alternative)
gelly (alternative)
gelye (alternative)
gelle (alternative)
gelee (alternative)
gely (alternative)

English: jelly

Scots: jeely

Borrowed from Old French gelee (“frost”), from Early Medieval Latin gelāta. Equivalent to gelen + -e (participial suffix).

(medicine) A jelly used as a pharmaceutical.


sirup

sirupes (plural)
sirupe (alternative)
siruppe (alternative)
syrop (alternative)
syroppe (alternative)
syrope (alternative)
sirop (alternative)
syrip (alternative)
syrippe (alternative)

desctree

English: syrup
→ Gujarati: સીરપ (sīrap)
→ Hebrew: סירופ (siróp)
→ Japanese: シラップ (shirappu)
→ Korean: 시럽 (sireop)
→ Marshallese: jurub
→ Tsonga: sirapu
→ Welsh: surop, syrop, syrup, syryp
→ Zulu: isiraphu

Scots: seerup

From Old French sirop, from Medieval Latin siruppus, syrupus, from Arabic شَرَاب (šarāb).

(cooking) A watery sauce based around wine.


floury

English: flowery, floury

fflowre (alternative)
flourre (alternative)
flure (alternative)
flory (alternative)
floure (alternative)

(cooking, rare) Blanketed in flour; floury.


lien

enm-verb

lien (third-person singular simple present lieth, present participle liende, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle liidaccel-form=1//3|s|past|ind)

lieth (present singular third-person)
liende (participle present)
li (alternative)
lie (alternative)

English: lye

From Old French lier, liier (“to tie up, connect”), from Latin ligāre (“to tie, bind”).

to bind (ground meat, etc. with eggs, sauce, etc.)


creme

English: cream (see there for further descendants)

From Old French cresme, creme, craime, a blend of Late Latin crisma (from Ancient Greek χρῖσμα (khrîsma)) and crāmum. Doublet of crisme.

crayme (alternative)
creem (alternative)
creeme (alternative)
crem (alternative)
creyme (alternative)
kreme (alternative)


roster

English: roaster

(rare, Late Middle English) A roaster (a person who roasts).


soupe

English: soup

From Old French supe, from Late Latin suppa.

A meal consisting of sopped bread with soup, stock, gravy or broth poured over it


dee

dees (plural)
dy (alternative)
di (alternative)
dei (alternative)
de (alternative)
dey (alternative)

English: die; dice

Scots: die; dice

From Old French dé, from Latin datum. Cognate with French dé.

A die or dice (cube used in games and gambling)


scheren

scheren (infinitive)
to scheren (infinitive)
schere (infinitive)
schere (first-person present singular)
scher (first-person past singular)
schorest (present second-person singular)
schare (past second-person singular)
schere (past second-person singular)
scher (past second-person singular)
schoreth (present singular third-person)
scher (past singular third-person)
schere (present singular subjunctive)
schare (past singular subjunctive)
schere (past singular subjunctive)
schere (imperative present singular)
scheren (plural present)
schere (plural present)
scharen (past plural)
schare (past plural)
scheren (past plural)
schere (past plural)
schereth (imperative plural present)
schere (imperative plural present)
scherynge (participle present)
scherende (participle present)
scheren (participle past)
schere (participle past)
yscheren (participle past)
yschere (participle past)
schæren (alternative)
schere (alternative)
scheryn (alternative)
shere (alternative)
sheren (alternative)
ssere (alternative)

English: shear

Scots: shear

Yola: shaure (preterite)

Inherited from Old English sċieran, from Proto-West Germanic *skeran, from Proto-Germanic *skeraną.

To cut; to slice with a sharp edge:
To chop up or dice (especially food)

To cut; to slice with a sharp edge:
To chop off; to sunder by slicing.

To remove one's hair; to have one's hair shaved.

To shave the top of the head (to induct into monasticism).

To cut; to slice with a sharp edge:
To shear; to remove hair, fur, or wool:
(rare) To shear or shave fabric.

To cut; to slice with a sharp edge:
To shear; to remove hair, fur, or wool:
To shear or shave fabric.


beten

beten (third-person singular simple present beteth, present participle betynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative bet, past participle beten)

beteth (present singular third-person)
betynge (participle present)
bet (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
beten (participle past)
beten (infinitive)
to beten (infinitive)
bete (infinitive)
bete (first-person present singular)
bet (first-person past singular)
bette (first-person past singular)
betest (present second-person singular)
bete (past second-person singular)
bet (past second-person singular)
bettest (past second-person singular)
beteth (present singular third-person)
bet (past singular third-person)
bette (past singular third-person)
bete (present singular subjunctive)
bete (past singular subjunctive)
bette (past singular subjunctive)
bete (imperative present singular)
beten (plural present)
bete (plural present)
beten (past plural)
bete (past plural)
betten (past plural)
bette (past plural)
beteth (imperative plural present)
bete (imperative plural present)
betynge (participle present)
betende (participle present)
beten (participle past)
bete (participle past)
bet (participle past)
ybeten (participle past)
ybete (participle past)
beete (alternative)
bet (alternative)
bete (alternative)
betyn (alternative)
beytt (alternative)
beaten (alternative Early-Middle-English)
byete (alternative Kent)

desctree

English: beat
→ Pennsylvania German: biede

Scots: beat, beit

Inherited from Old English bēatan, from Proto-West Germanic *bautan, from Proto-Germanic *bautaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewd-.

(especially cooking) To crush, grind or mix; to cause to lose form.


tesen

enm-verb

tesen (third-person singular simple present teseth, present participle tesende, tesynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle tesed)

teseth (present singular third-person)
tesende (participle present)
tesynge (participle present)
tesed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
tesen (infinitive)
to tesen (infinitive)
tese (infinitive)
tese (first-person present singular)
tesed (first-person past singular)
tesest (present second-person singular)
tesedest (past second-person singular)
teseth (present singular third-person)
tesed (past singular third-person)
tese (present singular subjunctive)
tesed (past singular subjunctive)
tese (imperative present singular)
tesen (plural present)
tese (plural present)
teseden (past plural)
tesede (past plural)
teseth (imperative plural present)
tese (imperative plural present)
tesynge (participle present)
tesende (participle present)
tesed (participle past)
ytesed (participle past)
taise (alternative)
teise (alternative)
tese (alternative)
tesien (alternative)

English: tease

Scots: tease, taise

From Old English tǣsan, from Proto-West Germanic *taisijan


broche

broches (plural)
brooche (alternative)
brouche (alternative)
bruche (alternative)
brush (alternative)

English: broach, brooch

desc

Scots: broach, brutch, bruch, broche, brotch

Borrowed from Old French broche, from Vulgar Latin *brocca, from Latin broccus.


brennen

enm-verb

brennen (third-person singular simple present brenneth, present participle brennynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative brente, past participle brent)

brenneth (present singular third-person)
brennynge (participle present)
brente (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
brent (participle past)
brennen (infinitive)
to brennen (infinitive)
brenne (infinitive)
brenne (first-person present singular)
brenned (first-person past singular)
brente (first-person past singular)
brennest (present second-person singular)
brennedest (past second-person singular)
brentest (past second-person singular)
brenneth (present singular third-person)
brenned (past singular third-person)
brente (past singular third-person)
brenne (present singular subjunctive)
brenned (past singular subjunctive)
brente (past singular subjunctive)
brenne (imperative present singular)
brennen (plural present)
brenne (plural present)
brenneden (past plural)
brennede (past plural)
brenten (past plural)
brente (past plural)
brenneth (imperative plural present)
brenne (imperative plural present)
brennynge (participle present)
brennende (participle present)
brenned (participle past)
brent (participle past)
ybrenned (participle past)
ybrent (participle past)
bren (alternative)
brenne (alternative)
brin (alternative Northern especially)
brine (alternative Northern especially)
brynne (alternative Northern especially)
berne (alternative)
bernen (alternative)
birne (alternative)
byrne (alternative)
bearne (alternative Ormulum)
beornen (alternative Ormulum)
bærnen (alternative Ormulum)
bærnenn (alternative Ormulum)
brennenn (alternative Ormulum)

English: burn

→ Middle Scots: burn

Scots: burn

Middle Scots: bryn, byrn

Scots: bren, brenn, brend

Originally three distinct verbs:
* Old English biernan, from Proto-West Germanic *brinnan, from Proto-Germanic *brinnaną (“to burn”).
* Old English bærnan, from Proto-West Germanic *brannijan, from Proto-Germanic *brannijaną (“to cause to burn”).
* Old Norse brenna, brinna, cognate with bærnan; forms derived from this source are usual after early Middle English.

inh

To toast or roast; to mark with fire in cooking.


herbe

herbes (plural)
eerbe (alternative)
erbe (alternative)
ȝerbe (alternative)
oerbe (alternative)
yerbe (alternative)

q

dialectal <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">yerb</i>

English: herb (dialectal yerb)

Scots: herb, yerb


wellen

enm-verb

wellen (third-person singular simple present welleth, present participle wellende, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle welledaccel-form=1//3|s|past|ind)

welleth (present singular third-person)
wellende (participle present)
wellen (infinitive)
to wellen (infinitive)
welle (infinitive)
welle (first-person present singular)
welled (first-person past singular)
wellest (present second-person singular)
welledest (past second-person singular)
welleth (present singular third-person)
welled (past singular third-person)
welle (present singular subjunctive)
welled (past singular subjunctive)
welle (imperative present singular)
wellen (plural present)
welle (plural present)
welleden (past plural)
wellede (past plural)
welleth (imperative plural present)
welle (imperative plural present)
wellynge (participle present)
wellende (participle present)
welled (participle past)
ywelled (participle past)

English: well

Scots: well, wall

From Old English wiellan, from Proto-West Germanic *wallijan.


sarsen

sarsen (infinitive)
to sarsen (infinitive)
sarse (infinitive)
sarse (first-person present singular)
sarsed (first-person past singular)
sarsest (present second-person singular)
sarsedest (past second-person singular)
sarseth (present singular third-person)
sarsed (past singular third-person)
sarse (present singular subjunctive)
sarsed (past singular subjunctive)
sarse (imperative present singular)
sarsen (plural present)
sarse (plural present)
sarseden (past plural)
sarsede (past plural)
sarseth (imperative plural present)
sarse (imperative plural present)
sarsynge (participle present)
sarsende (participle present)
sarsed (participle past)
ysarsed (participle past)
sarcen (alternative)
scarcen (alternative)
saarcyn (alternative)
sergen (alternative)
scherchen (alternative)

English: searce, sarse

Scots: search

From sars (“sieve”) + -en (infinitival suffix).


murrey

English: murrey

From Middle French moré, from Latin moratum.

morre (alternative)
morrey (alternative)
morry (alternative)
murreiȝ (alternative)
murray (alternative)
murre (alternative)
murreye (alternative)
murry (alternative)


baken

enm-verb

baken (third-person singular simple present baketh, present participle bakynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative book, past participle baken)

baketh (present singular third-person)
bakynge (participle present)
book (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
baken (participle past)
baken (infinitive)
to baken (infinitive)
bake (infinitive)
bake (first-person present singular)
book (first-person past singular)
baked (first-person past singular)
bakest (present second-person singular)
boke (past second-person singular)
book (past second-person singular)
bakedest (past second-person singular)
baketh (present singular third-person)
book (past singular third-person)
baked (past singular third-person)
bake (present singular subjunctive)
boke (past singular subjunctive)
baked (past singular subjunctive)
bake (imperative present singular)
baken (plural present)
bake (plural present)
boken (past plural)
boke (past plural)
bakeden (past plural)
bakede (past plural)
baketh (imperative plural present)
bake (imperative plural present)
bakynge (participle present)
bakende (participle present)
baken (participle past)
bake (participle past)
baked (participle past)
ybaken (participle past)
ybake (participle past)
bakyn (alternative)
bake (alternative)
bakenn (alternative)

English: bake

Scots: bake

Yola: baake

→ Irish: bácáil

From Old English bacan, from Proto-West Germanic *bakan, from Proto-Germanic *bakaną, see also Dutch bakken, German backen, Old Norse baka, Danish bage, and also Ancient Greek φώγω (phṓgō, “to roast”).

Þær þurrh þu bakesst Godess laf / & harrdnesst itt þurrh hæte...

c. 1200, Ormin, “Homily 8”, in Ormulum, lines 1566–1567:

Through that you bake God's loaf / and harden it through heat.

aftir that Y have broke the staf of youre breed, so that ten wymmen bake looues in oon ouene, and yelde tho looues at weiȝte; and ye schulen ete, and ye schulen not be fillid.

a. 1382, John Wycliffe, “Leviticus 26:26”, in Wycliffe's Bible:

After when I've snapped the staff of your bread, ten women will bake bread in one oven, and produce the bread apportioned by weight; you'll eat, but you won't be sated.

He koude rooste, and sethe, and broille, and frye, / Maken mortreux, and wel bake a pye...

a. 1394, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Parson's Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, lines 383–384:

He could roast, seethe, broil, fry, / make a pâté, and bake a pie well...

To bake; to cook in an oven; usually used of bread, pastry, etc, or meals involving that.

To undergo or experienced baking; to be baked or cooked in an oven.

To heat up; to process or work (food or other items) by heating or drying out.

(rare, figurative) To burn in the fires of Hell.


baken

English: bake

Scots: bake, baik

From baken, past participle of the verb baken (“to bake”).


wyn

wynes (plural)
win (alternative)
wine (alternative)
wyne (alternative)
wijn (alternative)
vine (alternative)
vyn (alternative)
vyne (alternative)
wyen (alternative)
weyn (alternative)
wynne (alternative)

English: wine (see there for further descendants)

Scots: wyne

From Old English wīn, from Proto-West Germanic *wīn, from Latin vīnum.

wine (in food, cooking, medicine, the Eucharist, etc.)


schaken

schaken (third-person singular simple present schaketh, present participle schakynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative schok, past participle schaken)

schaketh (present singular third-person)
schakynge (participle present)
schok (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
schaken (participle past)
schaken (infinitive)
to schaken (infinitive)
schake (infinitive)
schake (first-person present singular)
schok (first-person past singular)
schakest (present second-person singular)
schoke (past second-person singular)
schok (past second-person singular)
schaketh (present singular third-person)
schok (past singular third-person)
schake (present singular subjunctive)
schoke (past singular subjunctive)
schake (imperative present singular)
schaken (plural present)
schake (plural present)
schoken (past plural)
schoke (past plural)
schaketh (imperative plural present)
schake (imperative plural present)
schakynge (participle present)
schakende (participle present)
schaken (participle past)
schake (participle past)
yschake (participle past)
schac (alternative)
schake (alternative)
schakyn (alternative)
shake (alternative)
shaken (alternative)
ssake (alternative Kent)
scheken (alternative West-Midlands)
sheke (alternative West-Midlands)

English: shake

Middle Scots: schake, schaik, schack

Scots: shak, shake

Inherited from Old English sċacan, sċeacan, from Proto-West Germanic *skakan, from Proto-Germanic *skakaną.

(cooking) To mix or combine ingredients.

To shake or quake:
To mix or combine ingredients.


cofre

cofres (plural)
cofer (alternative)
cofur (alternative)
coffre (alternative)
coffer (alternative)
coffur (alternative)
coofre (alternative)
coofer (alternative)
cophre (alternative)

English: coffer

Scots: coffer

Yola: koaver

Borrowed from Old French cofre, coffre, from Latin cophinus, from Ancient Greek κόφινος (kóphinos). Doublet of coffyn.


rosee

rosees (plural)
rosye (alternative)
roseye (alternative)

English: rosee

A meal incorporating rose petals or flowers


kneden

kneden (third-person singular simple present knedeth, present participle knedynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative knad, past participle kneden)

knedeth (present singular third-person)
knedynge (participle present)
knad (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
kneden (participle past)
kneden (infinitive)
to kneden (infinitive)
knede (infinitive)
knede (first-person present singular)
knad (first-person past singular)
knedde (first-person past singular)
knedest (present second-person singular)
knede (past second-person singular)
knad (past second-person singular)
kneddest (past second-person singular)
knedeth (present singular third-person)
knad (past singular third-person)
knedde (past singular third-person)
knede (present singular subjunctive)
knede (past singular subjunctive)
knedde (past singular subjunctive)
knede (imperative present singular)
kneden (plural present)
knede (plural present)
kneden (past plural)
knede (past plural)
knedden (past plural)
knedde (past plural)
knedeth (imperative plural present)
knede (imperative plural present)
knedynge (participle present)
knedende (participle present)
knoden (participle past)
yknoden (participle past)
knode (participle past)
yknode (participle past)
kneden (participle past)
ykneden (participle past)
knede (participle past)
yknede (participle past)
kned (participle past)
ykned (participle past)
cnede (alternative)
knede (alternative)

English: knead

Scots: kned

From Old English cnedan, from Proto-West Germanic *knedan, from Proto-Germanic *knudaną.

To knead; to blend together into a conglomeration.

(rare) To knead as to compress or squash; to mix together.


pome

pomes (plural)
pomme (alternative)
poume (alternative)
pumpe (alternative)
pompy (alternative)

English: pome

From Old French pome (“apple”), from Latin pomum.

meatballs, patties (named due to their round shape)


roste

English: roost

Scots: roost, ruist

Inherited from Old English hrōst, from Proto-West Germanic *hrōst.


roste

rostes (plural)
roost (alternative)
rooste (alternative)
rost (alternative)

English: roast

Scots: roast

→ Welsh: rhost

Borrowed from Old French rost, roste, from rostir.


rosten

rosten (infinitive)
to rosten (infinitive)
roste (infinitive)
roste (first-person present singular)
rosted (first-person past singular)
rostest (present second-person singular)
rostedest (past second-person singular)
rosteth (present singular third-person)
rosted (past singular third-person)
roste (present singular subjunctive)
rosted (past singular subjunctive)
roste (imperative present singular)
rosten (plural present)
roste (plural present)
rosteden (past plural)
rostede (past plural)
rosteth (imperative plural present)
roste (imperative plural present)
rostynge (participle present)
rostende (participle present)
rosted (participle past)
yrosted (participle past)
roostyn (alternative)
rost (alternative)
roste (alternative)
rosti (alternative)
rosty (alternative)

English: roast

Scots: roast

From Old French rostir, from Frankish *rōstijan, from Proto-Germanic *raustijaną; equivalent to roste (“roast”) + -en (infinitival suffix).

af

To roast or grill; to cook over a griddle:

To roast meat; to cook meat by roasting.

To torture with heat; to place under fire.

To make warm, roasted or cooked; to scorch.

(rare) To sear or parch; to make dry or parched.


drawen

enm-verb

drawen (third-person singular simple present draweth, present participle drawinge, first-/third-person singular past indicative drogh or drew, past participle drawen)

draweth (present singular third-person)
drawinge (participle present)
drogh (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
drew (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
drawen (participle past)
drawen (infinitive)
to drawen (infinitive)
drawe (infinitive)
drawe (first-person present singular)
drogh (first-person past singular)
drew (first-person past singular)
drawest (present second-person singular)
drowe (past second-person singular)
drewe (past second-person singular)
drogh (past second-person singular)
drew (past second-person singular)
draweth (present singular third-person)
drogh (past singular third-person)
drew (past singular third-person)
drawe (present singular subjunctive)
drowe (past singular subjunctive)
drewe (past singular subjunctive)
drawe (imperative present singular)
drawen (plural present)
drawe (plural present)
drowen (past plural)
drowe (past plural)
drewen (past plural)
drewe (past plural)
draweth (imperative plural present)
drawe (imperative plural present)
drawynge (participle present)
drawende (participle present)
drawen (participle past)
drawe (participle past)
ydrawen (participle past)
ydrawe (participle past)
drauen (alternative)
dragen (alternative)
draghen (alternative)
draȝen (alternative)
drauhen (alternative)
draȝhenn (alternative)
drawe (alternative)
draue (alternative)
draȝe (alternative)

English: draw

Scots: draw

Yola: dra

From Old English dragan, from Proto-West Germanic *dragan. Many senses are calqued from Latin trahere.

To pull, move or draw away:
(cooking) To disembowel or gut.

To pull, move or draw away:
To disembowel or gut.

To draw, push, or impel towards (oneself); to attract:

To make or create; to cause to come about:


frie

English: fry

Scots: fry

* Traditionally seen as from Old Norse frjó (“seed”), from Proto-Germanic *fraiwą, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)per-.
* Alternatively from Old French *frie, collateral form of froi (“spawn”), from froier, freier (“to spawn”), from Latin fricō (“to rub”).

ffry (alternative)
ffrye (alternative)
friȝe (alternative)
fry (alternative)
frye (alternative)


licour

licours (plural)
lycour (alternative)
licowre (alternative)
liquour (alternative)
licur (alternative)
lycur (alternative)
lijkour (alternative)
lykour (alternative)
licor (alternative)
lecour (alternative)
liquore (alternative)
lycowr (alternative)

English: liquor

Scots: liquor

Borrowed from Old French licour, from Latin liquor (“fluidity; a liquid”).


sotilte

sotiltes (plural)
sotiltee (alternative)
subtiltee (alternative)
subtilte (alternative)
subtyletee (alternative)
soubtilite (alternative)
sotylte (alternative)
suttilte (alternative)
sotyltee (alternative)
subtilite (alternative)
sotelte (alternative)
sutteltee (alternative)

English: subtlety

From Old French sutilté, from Latin subtīlitās; equivalent to sotil + -te.

The quality of being fluidic or lacking viscosity.


losenge

losenges (plural)
losange (alternative)
losinge (alternative)
lossenge (alternative)
lozenge (alternative)
lozingge (alternative)

English: lozenge

Scots: lozen

From Old French losenge (“lozenge, rhombus”).


sorre

sorry (alternative)
surre (alternative)
sore (alternative)
soree (alternative)

A meal with diced fish or eels as a key ingredient.


dressen

dressen (third-person singular simple present dresseth, present participle dressende, dressynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle dressedaccel-form=1//3|s|past|ind)

dresseth (present singular third-person)
dressende (participle present)
dressynge (participle present)
dressen (infinitive)
to dressen (infinitive)
dresse (infinitive)
dresse (first-person present singular)
dressed (first-person past singular)
dreste (first-person past singular)
dressest (present second-person singular)
dressedest (past second-person singular)
drestest (past second-person singular)
dresseth (present singular third-person)
dressed (past singular third-person)
dreste (past singular third-person)
dresse (present singular subjunctive)
dressed (past singular subjunctive)
dreste (past singular subjunctive)
dresse (imperative present singular)
dressen (plural present)
dresse (plural present)
dresseden (past plural)
dressede (past plural)
dresten (past plural)
dreste (past plural)
dresseth (imperative plural present)
dresse (imperative plural present)
dressynge (participle present)
dressende (participle present)
dressed (participle past)
drest (participle past)
ydressed (participle past)
ydrest (participle past)
drescen (alternative)
drese (alternative)
dresse (alternative)
drissen (alternative)
drysse (alternative)

English: dress (see there for further descendants)

Scots: dress

From Old French dresser, drescer, drecier, from Medieval Latin *directiō.

To arrange; to ready or tidy:
(cooking) To prepare or ready food.

To arrange; to ready or tidy:
To prepare or ready food.


vynegre

desctree

English: vinegar
→ Japanese: ビネガー (binegā)

Scots: veenegar

→ Middle Welsh: vinegyr

Welsh: finegr

From Old French vinaigre; but sometimes interpreted as a compound of wyn + egre.

fynegre (alternative)
wyne-egre (alternative)
vyneger (alternative)
wynyger (alternative)
venegre (alternative)
vinegre (alternative)
wyneger (alternative)
vynagre (alternative)
vinagir (alternative)
vineger (alternative)

vinegar, especially that made from wine (often used in cooking, medicine and as a garnish).


cromen

cromen (infinitive)
to cromen (infinitive)
crome (infinitive)
crome (first-person present singular)
cromed (first-person past singular)
cromest (present second-person singular)
cromedest (past second-person singular)
crometh (present singular third-person)
cromed (past singular third-person)
crome (present singular subjunctive)
cromed (past singular subjunctive)
crome (imperative present singular)
cromen (plural present)
crome (plural present)
cromeden (past plural)
cromede (past plural)
crometh (imperative plural present)
crome (imperative plural present)
cromynge (participle present)
cromende (participle present)
cromed (participle past)
ycromed (participle past)
crumen (alternative)
crume (alternative)
crowme (alternative)
creme (alternative)
croumen (alternative)
kremen (alternative)
kryme (alternative)
crummyn (alternative)

English: crumb

From Old English ġecrymman. Some forms are remodelled on crome.


breden

breden (infinitive)
to breden (infinitive)
brede (infinitive)
brede (first-person present singular)
bredde (first-person past singular)
bradde (first-person past singular)
bredest (present second-person singular)
breddest (past second-person singular)
braddest (past second-person singular)
bredeth (present singular third-person)
bredde (past singular third-person)
bradde (past singular third-person)
brede (present singular subjunctive)
bredde (past singular subjunctive)
bradde (past singular subjunctive)
brede (imperative present singular)
breden (plural present)
brede (plural present)
bredden (past plural)
bredde (past plural)
bradden (past plural)
bradde (past plural)
bredeth (imperative plural present)
brede (imperative plural present)
bredynge (participle present)
bredende (participle present)
bred (participle past)
brad (participle past)
ybred (participle past)
ybrad (participle past)
brede (alternative)

Scots: brede

From Old English brǣdan, from Proto-West Germanic *brādan, from Proto-Germanic *brēdaną; equivalent to brede (“roast”) + -en (infinitival suffix).


tosten

tosten (infinitive)
to tosten (infinitive)
toste (infinitive)
toste (first-person present singular)
tosted (first-person past singular)
tostest (present second-person singular)
tostedest (past second-person singular)
tosteth (present singular third-person)
tosted (past singular third-person)
toste (present singular subjunctive)
tosted (past singular subjunctive)
toste (imperative present singular)
tosten (plural present)
toste (plural present)
tosteden (past plural)
tostede (past plural)
tosteth (imperative plural present)
toste (imperative plural present)
tostynge (participle present)
tostende (participle present)
tosted (participle past)
ytosted (participle past)
toste (alternative)
tost (alternative)
toost (alternative)
tooste (alternative)
toostyn (alternative)

English: toast

Scots: toast

From Old French toster, from Latin tostus, from torreō, from Proto-Italic *torzeō, from Proto-Indo-European *torséyeti.


freten

enm-verb

freten (third-person singular simple present freteth, present participle fretynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative frat, past participle freten)

freteth (present singular third-person)
fretynge (participle present)
frat (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
freten (participle past)
freten (infinitive)
to freten (infinitive)
frete (infinitive)
frete (first-person present singular)
frat (first-person past singular)
fret (first-person past singular)
frette (first-person past singular)
freted (first-person past singular)
fretest (present second-person singular)
frete (past second-person singular)
frat (past second-person singular)
fret (past second-person singular)
frettest (past second-person singular)
fretedest (past second-person singular)
freteth (present singular third-person)
frat (past singular third-person)
fret (past singular third-person)
frette (past singular third-person)
freted (past singular third-person)
frete (present singular subjunctive)
frete (past singular subjunctive)
frette (past singular subjunctive)
freted (past singular subjunctive)
frete (imperative present singular)
freten (plural present)
frete (plural present)
freten (past plural)
frete (past plural)
fretten (past plural)
frette (past plural)
freteden (past plural)
fretede (past plural)
freteth (imperative plural present)
frete (imperative plural present)
fretynge (participle present)
fretende (participle present)
freten (participle past)
yfreten (participle past)
frete (participle past)
yfrete (participle past)
fret (participle past)
yfret (participle past)
freted (participle past)
yfreted (participle past)
ffrete (alternative)
frete (alternative)
fretyn (alternative)
vreten (alternative)
freoten (alternative)

English: fret

Scots: frete, freet

Inherited from Old English fretan, from Proto-West Germanic *fraetan, from Proto-Germanic *fraetaną; equivalent to fret (“eating away”) + -en (infinitival suffix).
Some senses are possibly influenced by an Old French *freiter.

af

(rare, cooking) To force through a strainer.


dorry

English: dory

From Old French doree; past participle of dorer (“to gild”), from Latin deauratus.

dorre (alternative)
dorrey (alternative)
dorye (alternative)
dorray (alternative)

Soupes dorye. — Take gode almaunde mylke […] caste þher-to Safroun an Salt […] Soupes dorroy […] Do þe dorry a-bowte.

c. 1430 (reprinted 1888), Thomas Austin, editor, Two Fifteenth-century Cookery-books. Harleian ms. 279 (ab. 1430), & Harl. ms. 4016 (ab. 1450), with Extracts from Ashmole ms. 1429, Laud ms. 553, & Douce ms. 55 (Early English Text Society, Original Series; 91), volume I, London: N. Trübner & Co. for the Early English Text Society, →OCLC, page 11

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

dorrẹ̅, dōrī adj. & n. […] cook. glazed with a yellow substance; pome(s ~, sopes ~. […] 1381 Pegge Cook. Recipes p. 114: For to make Soupys dorry. Nym onyons […] Nym wyn […] toste wyte bred and do yt in dischis, and god Almande mylk.

1962 (quoting 1381 text), Hans Kurath & Sherman M. Kuhn, editors, Middle English Dictionary, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan Press, page 1242

(cooking) Coated or glazed with a yellow substance or with "almond milk".


dorry

dorrys (plural)
dorre (alternative)
dorrey (alternative)
dorye (alternative)
dorray (alternative)

English: dory

(cooking) A dish that has been coated or glazed with a yellow substance or with almond milk.


sturgiun

sturgiunes (plural)
sturgeon (alternative)
sturjoun (alternative)
sturgeoun (alternative)
sturgun (alternative)
styrgyon (alternative)
sturgyon (alternative)
storioun (alternative)
sturgyn (alternative)

English: sturgeon

From Old French estorjoun; in turn from Frankish *sturjō, from Proto-Germanic *sturjô.

A dish made of veal made to resemble sturgeon.


kychyn

kychyns (plural)
kytchen (alternative)
kichene (alternative)
küchen (alternative)
cuchen (alternative)
kuchene (alternative)
kicen (alternative)
kechyn (alternative)
kychyne (alternative)
kechoun (alternative)
cuchyn (alternative)
kytchyn (alternative)
kichen (alternative)
kychoun (alternative)
kechene (alternative)
kycchen (alternative)
kitchen (alternative)

English: kitchen (see there for further descendants)

desc

Scots: kitchen, kitchin, ketchin, keetchen

→ Middle Irish: cisten

Irish: cistin

Manx: kishteen, kishtyn

Scottish Gaelic: cidsin

From Old English cyċene, from Proto-West Germanic *kukinā, from Late Latin cocīna, from earlier coquīna.


knyf

knyves (plural)
knyfes (plural)
knijf (alternative)
cnif (alternative)
knife (alternative)
knif (alternative)
knyffe (alternative)
knyȝf (alternative)
cnyffe (alternative)
knyve (alternative)
knyv (alternative)
chnief (alternative)
knefe (alternative)
knyfe (alternative)

English: knife

Sranan Tongo: nefi

Korean: 나이프 (naipeu)

Portuguese: naifa

Samoan: naifi

Japanese: ナイフ

Scots: knyfe, knife

Yola: kunnife

French: canif

From Old English cnīf, from Old Norse knífr, from Proto-Germanic *knībaz.

A knife as a tool or instrument; the following special senses exist:


toilen

toilen (infinitive)
to toilen (infinitive)
toile (infinitive)
toile (first-person present singular)
toiled (first-person past singular)
toilest (present second-person singular)
toiledest (past second-person singular)
toileth (present singular third-person)
toiled (past singular third-person)
toile (present singular subjunctive)
toiled (past singular subjunctive)
toile (imperative present singular)
toilen (plural present)
toile (plural present)
toileden (past plural)
toilede (past plural)
toileth (imperative plural present)
toile (imperative plural present)
toilynge (participle present)
toilende (participle present)
toiled (participle past)
ytoiled (participle past)
toylen (alternative)
toile (alternative)
tull (alternative)
toille (alternative)
tolyon (alternative)
tolyn (alternative)
tolyyn (alternative)
tulyn (alternative)

English: toil

Scots: toil, tulyie, tulȝe

Most likely from Anglo-Norman toilier, but possibly from Middle Dutch tuylen. Compare tilyen.

(cooking) To combine the components of a meal.


rawe

rawest (superlative)
raw (alternative)
rau (alternative)
rauȝ (alternative)
raugh (alternative)
rae (alternative)
ra (alternative)
rowe (alternative)

English: raw

Scots: raw

From Old English hrēaw, from Proto-West Germanic *hrau, from Proto-Germanic *hrawaz, *hrēwaz, from Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂-.


doucen

doucen (infinitive)
to doucen (infinitive)
douce (infinitive)
douce (first-person present singular)
douced (first-person past singular)
doucest (present second-person singular)
doucedest (past second-person singular)
douceth (present singular third-person)
douced (past singular third-person)
douce (present singular subjunctive)
douced (past singular subjunctive)
douce (imperative present singular)
doucen (plural present)
douce (plural present)
douceden (past plural)
doucede (past plural)
douceth (imperative plural present)
douce (imperative plural present)
doucynge (participle present)
doucende (participle present)
douced (participle past)
ydouced (participle past)
dowce (alternative)

(rare, Late Middle English) to make sweet


poudren

poudren (infinitive)
to poudren (infinitive)
poudre (infinitive)
poudre (first-person present singular)
poudred (first-person past singular)
poudrest (present second-person singular)
poudredest (past second-person singular)
poudreth (present singular third-person)
poudred (past singular third-person)
poudre (present singular subjunctive)
poudred (past singular subjunctive)
poudre (imperative present singular)
poudren (plural present)
poudre (plural present)
poudreden (past plural)
poudrede (past plural)
poudreth (imperative plural present)
poudre (imperative plural present)
poudrynge (participle present)
poudrende (participle present)
poudred (participle past)
ypoudred (participle past)
poudre (alternative)
powder (alternative)
pouder (alternative)

English: powder

Scots: pouder, pouther

From Old French poudrer, from poudre; equivalent to poudre + -en (infinitival suffix).

To powder; to turn into powder, usually by grinding.

To preserve or ferment food; to add powder to food as to make it last.

To place things (often decorative) on a surface; to spangle.

(rare) To spread powder on to something; to douse something in powder

(rare) To add spices or seasonings to a dish or meal.

(rare) To make indentations on something.


hakkynge

English: hacking

hacckinge (alternative)
hachyng (alternative)
hackynge (alternative)

(rare) Dicing; the cutting up of food into bits.

(rare) Sculptiing; the making of carved work.


rostynge

English: roasting

Scots: roastin

roosting (alternative)
roostynge (alternative)
rosting (alternative)
rostyng (alternative)


sethen

sethen (infinitive)
to sethen (infinitive)
sethe (infinitive)
sethe (first-person present singular)
seth (first-person past singular)
soth (first-person past singular)
sethest (present second-person singular)
sothe (past second-person singular)
sode (past second-person singular)
seth (past second-person singular)
soth (past second-person singular)
setheth (present singular third-person)
seth (past singular third-person)
soth (past singular third-person)
sethe (present singular subjunctive)
sothe (past singular subjunctive)
sode (past singular subjunctive)
sethe (imperative present singular)
sethen (plural present)
sethe (plural present)
sothen (past plural)
sothe (past plural)
soden (past plural)
sode (past plural)
setheth (imperative plural present)
sethe (imperative plural present)
sethynge (participle present)
sethende (participle present)
soden (participle past)
sode (participle past)
ysoden (participle past)
ysode (participle past)
cethyn (alternative)
sethyn (alternative)
seþine (alternative)
seþen (alternative)
seoþe (alternative)
zeoþen (alternative)
seþe (alternative)
seeþ (alternative)
seeth (alternative)
seþ (alternative)
seeþe (alternative)

English: seethe (sodden is from the former past participle)

Scots: seth, seith, seethe (sodden is from the former past participle)

From Old English sēoþan, from Proto-Germanic *seuþaną; a cognate of Middle Low German sēden, Middle Dutch sieden, Middle High German sieden, and Old Swedish siūþa.

To inflict punishment or injury by boiling (typically used of Hell)


sethyng

seþinges (plural)
seþinge (alternative)
sethinge (alternative)
seoþinge (alternative)
seþyng (alternative)
sethynge (alternative)
seeþinge (alternative)
seeþyng (alternative)
seþynge (alternative)

English: seething

Scots: seethin


sether

From sethen + -ere (suffix forming agent nouns).

af

A person employed in boiling food for cooking.


otemele

English: oatmeal

Scots: aitmeal

oot meel (alternative)
otemel (alternative)
ote-mele (alternative)
ote mele (alternative)

oatmeal; meal made from oats or a dish made from it.


knedynge

English: kneading

(rare outside of compounds) kneading, compression


forneys

forneyses (plural)
furnays (alternative)
furneis (alternative)
furneys (alternative)
fournace (alternative)
fornes (alternative)
fornys (alternative)
fornyce (alternative)
fornace (alternative)
furnas (alternative)
fourneys (alternative)

English: furnace

Scots: furnace

Borrowed from Old French fornais, from Latin fornāx.

A stove or oven; a device for cooking upon or in.


mincen

mincen (infinitive)
to mincen (infinitive)
mince (infinitive)
mince (first-person present singular)
minced (first-person past singular)
mincest (present second-person singular)
mincedest (past second-person singular)
minceth (present singular third-person)
minced (past singular third-person)
mince (present singular subjunctive)
minced (past singular subjunctive)
mince (imperative present singular)
mincen (plural present)
mince (plural present)
minceden (past plural)
mincede (past plural)
minceth (imperative plural present)
mince (imperative plural present)
mincynge (participle present)
mincende (participle present)
minced (participle past)
yminced (participle past)
mencen (alternative)
myncy (alternative)
myce (alternative)
myse (alternative)
mynce (alternative)

English: mince

Scots: minch (archaic)

From Old English minsian (from Proto-Germanic *minnisōną) and Old French mincer (from Old French mince).

To mince; to cut up or slice up food into small pieces.


flawmen

flawmen (infinitive)
to flawmen (infinitive)
flawme (infinitive)
flawme (first-person present singular)
flawmed (first-person past singular)
flawmest (present second-person singular)
flawmedest (past second-person singular)
flawmeth (present singular third-person)
flawmed (past singular third-person)
flawme (present singular subjunctive)
flawmed (past singular subjunctive)
flawme (imperative present singular)
flawmen (plural present)
flawme (plural present)
flawmeden (past plural)
flawmede (past plural)
flawmeth (imperative plural present)
flawme (imperative plural present)
flawmynge (participle present)
flawmende (participle present)
flawmed (participle past)
yflawmed (participle past)
flaumen (alternative)
fflaumen (alternative)
flammen (alternative)
flawme (alternative)
flaume (alternative)
flambe (alternative)
flaumbe (alternative)
flame (alternative)

English: flame

Scots: flam

Borrowed from Old French flamber, flammer; equivalent to flawme + -en (infinitival suffix).

(rare) To coat food in a basting, rub, or glaze.


allien

allien (infinitive)
to allien (infinitive)
allie (infinitive)
allie (first-person present singular)
allied (first-person past singular)
alliest (present second-person singular)
alliedest (past second-person singular)
allieth (present singular third-person)
allied (past singular third-person)
allie (present singular subjunctive)
allied (past singular subjunctive)
allie (imperative present singular)
allien (plural present)
allie (plural present)
allieden (past plural)
alliede (past plural)
allieth (imperative plural present)
allie (imperative plural present)
alliynge (participle present)
alliende (participle present)
allied (participle past)
yallied (participle past)
alien (alternative)
allyen (alternative)
allye (alternative)
alie (alternative)
a-lye (alternative)

English: ally

Scots: ally

From Old French alier, from Latin alligō, adligō.

To blend, bring together or unite ingredients in cooking.


brochen

brochen (infinitive)
to brochen (infinitive)
broche (infinitive)
broche (first-person present singular)
broched (first-person past singular)
brochest (present second-person singular)
brochedest (past second-person singular)
brocheth (present singular third-person)
broched (past singular third-person)
broche (present singular subjunctive)
broched (past singular subjunctive)
broche (imperative present singular)
brochen (plural present)
broche (plural present)
brocheden (past plural)
brochede (past plural)
brocheth (imperative plural present)
broche (imperative plural present)
brochynge (participle present)
brochende (participle present)
broched (participle past)
ybroched (participle past)
broche (alternative)
brochyn (alternative)

English: broach

Scots: broach

/ˈbrɔːt͡ʃən/

From Old French brochier; equivalent to broche + -en (infinitival suffix).

To put (meat) on a skewer or pole for cooking.


flouren

flouren (infinitive)
to flouren (infinitive)
floure (infinitive)
floure (first-person present singular)
floured (first-person past singular)
flourest (present second-person singular)
flouredest (past second-person singular)
floureth (present singular third-person)
floured (past singular third-person)
floure (present singular subjunctive)
floured (past singular subjunctive)
floure (imperative present singular)
flouren (plural present)
floure (plural present)
floureden (past plural)
flourede (past plural)
floureth (imperative plural present)
floure (imperative plural present)
flourynge (participle present)
flourende (participle present)
floured (participle past)
yfloured (participle past)
floure (alternative)
fluren (alternative)
florie (alternative)
flowren (alternative)

English: flower, flour

Scots: flour

From Anglo-Norman florir, flurir, from Late Latin flōrīre, from Latin flōrēre.

(cooking, rare) To add a powder (e.g. flour) to a meal.


jussel

From Old French jussel, from Latin iuscellum; compare jus.

jusshell (alternative)
jusselle (alternative)
juschel (alternative)
guissell (alternative)
jusselle (alternative)
juselle (alternative)
juschelle (alternative)

A kind of hotchpotch, often incorporating eggs, and/or breadcrumbs mixed with broth.


yrchoun

yrchouns (plural)
yrichon (alternative)
irchoun (alternative)
urchoun (alternative)
hirchoun (alternative)
irchouon (alternative)
irchun (alternative)
hirichoun (alternative)
urcheon (alternative)
yrchon (alternative)
urchun (alternative)
hyrchyn (alternative)
urchen (alternative)
urchon (alternative)

English: urchin

Scots: hurcheon

From Old Northern French irechon, herichun, from Vulgar Latin *ērīciōnem.

(rare, cooking) A stuffed pig with almond or pastry "spikes".


cury

From Old French queverie, quevrie. Compare early modern French queux (“cook”).


foyle

foyles (plural)
ffoyl (alternative)
foil (alternative)
foile (alternative)
foille (alternative)
foylle (alternative)
fule (alternative)

English: foil

Scots: foilzie, foolyie

Borrowed from Middle French fueille, feuille, from Old French fueille, from Late Latin folia, originally the plural of folium.

(cooking or literary) A leaf (organ of a plant).


wynden

enm-verb

wynden (third-person singular simple present wyndeth, present participle wyndynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative wand, past participle wounden)

wyndeth (present singular third-person)
wyndynge (participle present)
wand (first-person indicative past singular third-person)
wounden (participle past)
winden (infinitive)
to winden (infinitive)
winde (infinitive)
winde (first-person present singular)
wand (first-person past singular)
wound (first-person past singular)
windest (present second-person singular)
wounde (past second-person singular)
wand (past second-person singular)
wound (past second-person singular)
windeth (present singular third-person)
wand (past singular third-person)
wound (past singular third-person)
winde (present singular subjunctive)
wounde (past singular subjunctive)
winde (imperative present singular)
winden (plural present)
winde (plural present)
wounden (past plural)
wounde (past plural)
windeth (imperative plural present)
winde (imperative plural present)
windynge (participle present)
windende (participle present)
wounden (participle past)
wounde (participle past)
ywounden (participle past)
ywounde (participle past)
wijnde (alternative)
wind (alternative)
winde (alternative)
winden (alternative)
wynd (alternative)
wynde (alternative)
wyndyn (alternative)
wyynden (alternative)
wyyndyn (alternative)

English: wind

Scots: wind, wund, win, wun

From Old English windan, from Proto-West Germanic *windan, from Proto-Germanic *windaną.

(cooking, rare) To knead or mix into a mass.

To move or toss about:
To knead or mix into a mass.


talow

English: tallow

Scots: tauch, tallon

From Old English *tealg, *tealh, from Proto-West Germanic *talg, from Proto-Germanic *talgaz, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dolgʰos.

talew (alternative)
talgh (alternative)
talghe (alternative)
tallowe (alternative)
talou (alternative)
talogh (alternative)
talowe (alternative)
talowgh (alternative)
talowȝ (alternative)
talowh (alternative)
talugh (alternative)
taluȝ (alternative)
talwe (alternative)
talwgh (alternative)
talwȝ (alternative)
talwhe (alternative)

tallow (in cooking, candlemaking, and greasing)


swyngen

swyngen (infinitive)
to swyngen (infinitive)
swynge (infinitive)
swynge (first-person present singular)
swang (first-person past singular)
swong (first-person past singular)
swyngest (present second-person singular)
swonge (past second-person singular)
swang (past second-person singular)
swong (past second-person singular)
swyngeth (present singular third-person)
swang (past singular third-person)
swong (past singular third-person)
swynge (present singular subjunctive)
swonge (past singular subjunctive)
swynge (imperative present singular)
swyngen (plural present)
swynge (plural present)
swongen (past plural)
swonge (past plural)
swyngeth (imperative plural present)
swynge (imperative plural present)
swyngynge (participle present)
swyngende (participle present)
swongen (participle past)
swonge (participle past)
yswongen (participle past)
yswonge (participle past)
swingen (alternative)
swyng (alternative)
swynge (alternative)
swyngge (alternative)
swyngyn (alternative)
squynge (alternative Northern)
suing (alternative Northern)
swingan (alternative Early-Middle-English)
swingæn (alternative Early-Middle-English)
swinꟑenn (alternative Early-Middle-English)

English: swing

→ Dutch: swingen

→ Norman: souîndgi

Scots: swing, sweeng

Inherited from Old English swingan, from Proto-West Germanic *swingan, from Proto-Germanic *swinganą.

(cooking) To beat or whip (eggs or milk)


swengen

swengen (third-person singular simple present swengeth, present participle swengende, swengynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle swenged)

swengeth (present singular third-person)
swengende (participle present)
swengynge (participle present)
swenged (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
swengen (infinitive)
to swengen (infinitive)
swenge (infinitive)
swenge (first-person present singular)
sweynde (first-person past singular)
swenged (first-person past singular)
swengest (present second-person singular)
sweyndest (past second-person singular)
swengedest (past second-person singular)
swengeth (present singular third-person)
sweynde (past singular third-person)
swenged (past singular third-person)
swenge (present singular subjunctive)
sweynde (past singular subjunctive)
swenged (past singular subjunctive)
swenge (imperative present singular)
swengen (plural present)
swenge (plural present)
sweynden (past plural)
sweynde (past plural)
swengeden (past plural)
swengede (past plural)
swengeth (imperative plural present)
swenge (imperative plural present)
swengynge (participle present)
swengende (participle present)
sweynd (participle past)
swenged (participle past)
ysweynd (participle past)
yswenged (participle past)
swengyn (alternative)
suenge (alternative Northern)

English: swinge

Scots: swinge, sweenge, swunge

Yola: swinged (preterite)

From Old English swenġan, from Proto-West Germanic *swangijan (“to cause to swing”). Equivalent to sweng + -en (infinitival suffix). Compare swyngen.


sclise

English: slice

Scots: sclice

Borrowed from Old French esclice, from esclicier.

sclice (alternative)
sclys (alternative)
sclyse (alternative)
sklice (alternative)
sklisce (alternative)
sklyce (alternative)
sklys (alternative)
sklyse (alternative)
slyce (alternative)
slyse (alternative)


rakente

rakentes (plural)
racand (alternative)
rakand (alternative)
rakynt (alternative)
rekand (alternative)
rekanth (alternative)
rekenth (alternative)
recawnt (alternative)

desc

English: rackan, racon, rackin, racken, reckan, recon, reckin, reckon

From Old English racente and Old Norse rekendi, both ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rakintǭ. Compare rakke (“parrel”).


fryen

enm-verb

fryen (third-person singular simple present fryeth, present participle fryinge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle fryedaccel-form=1//3|s|past|ind)

fryeth (present singular third-person)
fryinge (participle present)
fryen (infinitive)
to fryen (infinitive)
frye (infinitive)
frye (first-person present singular)
fryed (first-person past singular)
fryest (present second-person singular)
fryedest (past second-person singular)
fryeth (present singular third-person)
fryed (past singular third-person)
frye (present singular subjunctive)
fryed (past singular subjunctive)
frye (imperative present singular)
fryen (plural present)
frye (plural present)
fryeden (past plural)
fryede (past plural)
fryeth (imperative plural present)
frye (imperative plural present)
fryynge (participle present)
fryende (participle present)
fryed (participle past)
yfryed (participle past)
frien (alternative)
frye (alternative)
fryyn (alternative)

English: fry

Scots: fry

→ Irish: frioch, priáil

→ Cornish: fria

→ Welsh: ffrio

Borrowed from Old French frire, from Latin frīgō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer(H)-g-; compare fryture (“fritter”).


bature

English: batter

Scots: batter

→ Irish: batar

Borrowed from Middle French batture, from Old French bateure, possibly from Late Latin *battatūra; equivalent to baten (“to beat”) + -ure.

bater (alternative)
batere (alternative)
batour (alternative)
batre (alternative)
batur (alternative)

A runny fluid made of beat ingredients; batter, paste.


housles

English: houseless

Possibly from an Old English *hūslēas, from Proto-West Germanic *hūsalaus, from Proto-Germanic *hūsalausaz.
Alternatively, this word may have been formed anew, possibly as a calque of Old Norse húslauss or Middle Dutch huusloos; in any case, equivalent to hous + -les.

houseles (alternative)
houselesse (alternative)
houslese (alternative)
howsles (alternative)