douwen

douwen (infinitive)
douwens (genitive infinitive)
douwene (dative infinitive)
douwe (first-person present singular)
dous (present second-person singular)
douwes (present second-person singular)
dout (present singular third-person)
douwet (present singular third-person)
douwen (first-person plural present)
dout (plural present second-person)
douwet (plural present second-person)
douwen (plural present third-person)
douwe (present singular third-person)
dou (present singular)
douwe (present singular)
dout (plural present)
douwet (plural present)
douwende (participle present)
dôyen (alternative)

From Old Dutch *douwen, from Proto-Germanic *dawjaną.


gaderen

gāderen (canonical)
gēderen (alternative)
gāeren (alternative)

Dutch: gaderen, garen

Limburgish: gaedere

From Old Dutch *gadaron, from Proto-West Germanic *gadurōn.


gonnen

Dutch: gunnen

Limburgish: gónne, gönne

From Old Dutch gonnen, from Proto-Germanic *gaunnaną. Equivalent to ge- + onnen.

to grant, to allow to have, to be eager to see having or receiving


slicken

Dutch: slikken

Limburgish: slikke

From Old Dutch *slikkon, from Proto-Germanic *slikkōną, from Proto-Indo-European *leyǵʰ- (“to lick”).


biden

biden (infinitive)
bidens (genitive infinitive)
bidene (dative infinitive)
bide (first-person present singular)
bêet (first-person past singular)
bijts (present second-person singular)
bides (present second-person singular)
bēets (past second-person singular)
bēdes (past second-person singular)
bijt (present singular third-person)
bidet (present singular third-person)
bêet (past singular third-person)
biden (first-person plural present)
bēden (first-person past plural)
bijt (plural present second-person)
bidet (plural present second-person)
bēet (past plural second-person)
bēdet (past plural second-person)
biden (plural present third-person)
bēden (past plural third-person)
bēde (first-person past singular)
bide (present singular third-person)
bēde (past singular third-person)
bijt (present singular)
bide (present singular)
bijt (plural present)
bidet (plural present)
bidende (participle present)
gebēden (participle past)

Dutch: beiden (obsolete)

From Old Dutch bīdan, from Proto-West Germanic *bīdan. Cognate with English bide.

to wait [with accusative or genitive ‘for’]


wanden

From Old Dutch *wandon, from Proto-Germanic *wandōną.


sorget

third-person singular present indicative

second-person plural present indicative/subjunctive


waer

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

first/third-person singular past subjunctive of wēsen


writen

writen (infinitive)
writens (genitive infinitive)
writene (dative infinitive)
write (first-person present singular)
wrêet (first-person past singular)
wrijts (present second-person singular)
writes (present second-person singular)
wrēets (past second-person singular)
wrētes (past second-person singular)
wrijt (present singular third-person)
writet (present singular third-person)
wrêet (past singular third-person)
writen (first-person plural present)
wrēten (first-person past plural)
wrijt (plural present second-person)
writet (plural present second-person)
wrēet (past plural second-person)
wrētet (past plural second-person)
writen (plural present third-person)
wrēten (past plural third-person)
wrēte (first-person past singular)
write (present singular third-person)
wrēte (past singular third-person)
wrijt (present singular)
write (present singular)
wrijt (plural present)
writet (plural present)
writende (participle present)
gewrēten (participle past)

Dutch: wrijten


gewagen

Dutch: gewagen

From earlier unattested *gewâen, from Old Dutch *giwān, from Proto-West Germanic *gawahwan.


schamen

Dutch: schamen

Limburgish: sjame

From Old Dutch scamon, from Proto-West Germanic *skamēn, from Proto-Germanic *skamāną.

(reflexive or intransitive) to be ashamed


kiesen

kiesen (infinitive)
kiesens (genitive infinitive)
kiesene (dative infinitive)
kiese (first-person present singular)
côos (first-person past singular)
kies (present second-person singular)
kieses (present second-person singular)
cōors (past second-person singular)
cōres (past second-person singular)
kiest (present singular third-person)
kieset (present singular third-person)
côos (past singular third-person)
kiesen (first-person plural present)
cōren (first-person past plural)
kiest (plural present second-person)
kieset (plural present second-person)
cōort (past plural second-person)
cōret (past plural second-person)
kiesen (plural present third-person)
cōren (past plural third-person)
cōre (first-person past singular)
kiese (present singular third-person)
cōre (past singular third-person)
kies (present singular)
kiese (present singular)
kiest (plural present)
kieset (plural present)
kiesende (participle present)
gecōren (participle past)

Dutch: kiezen

Limburgish: keze


langen

Dutch: langen

Limburgish: lange

From Old Dutch *langon, from Proto-West Germanic *langijan.

to hand, to pass, to reach in order to give

(impersonal) to long [with dative ‘subject’]


begripe

first-person singular present indicative

first/third-person singular present subjunctive


kemmen

kemmen (infinitive)
kemmens (genitive infinitive)
kemmene (dative infinitive)
kemme (first-person present singular)
kems (present second-person singular)
kemmes (present second-person singular)
kemt (present singular third-person)
kemmet (present singular third-person)
kemmen (first-person plural present)
kemt (plural present second-person)
kemmet (plural present second-person)
kemmen (plural present third-person)
kemme (present singular third-person)
kem (present singular)
kemme (present singular)
kemt (plural present)
kemmet (plural present)
kemmende (participle present)
kemben (alternative)

Dutch: kemmen

Limburgish: keimbe, keime

From Old Dutch *kemben, from Proto-West Germanic *kambijan, from Proto-Germanic *kambijaną.


bliken

bliken (infinitive)
blikens (genitive infinitive)
blikene (dative infinitive)
blike (first-person present singular)
blêec (first-person past singular)
blijcs (present second-person singular)
blikes (present second-person singular)
blēecs (past second-person singular)
blēkes (past second-person singular)
blijct (present singular third-person)
bliket (present singular third-person)
blêec (past singular third-person)
bliken (first-person plural present)
blēken (first-person past plural)
blijct (plural present second-person)
bliket (plural present second-person)
blēect (past plural second-person)
blēket (past plural second-person)
bliken (plural present third-person)
blēken (past plural third-person)
blēke (first-person past singular)
blike (present singular third-person)
blēke (past singular third-person)
blijc (present singular)
blike (present singular)
blijct (plural present)
bliket (plural present)
blikende (participle present)
geblēken (participle past)

Dutch: blijken

Afrikaans: blyk

Limburgish: blieke

From Old Dutch *blīcan, from Proto-Germanic *blīkaną, *blīkijaną.


crigen

crigen (infinitive)
crigens (genitive infinitive)
crigene (dative infinitive)
crige (first-person present singular)
crêech (first-person past singular)
crijchs (present second-person singular)
criges (present second-person singular)
crēechs (past second-person singular)
crēges (past second-person singular)
crijcht (present singular third-person)
criget (present singular third-person)
crêech (past singular third-person)
crigen (first-person plural present)
crēgen (first-person past plural)
crijcht (plural present second-person)
criget (plural present second-person)
crēecht (past plural second-person)
crēget (past plural second-person)
crigen (plural present third-person)
crēgen (past plural third-person)
crēge (first-person past singular)
crige (present singular third-person)
crēge (past singular third-person)
crijch (present singular)
crige (present singular)
crijcht (plural present)
criget (plural present)
crigende (participle present)
gecrēgen (participle past)

Dutch: krijgen

Afrikaans: kry

Limburgish: kriege


crischen

Dutch: krijsen

Afrikaans: krys

West Frisian: krieze

⇒ West Frisian: kryskje

Limburgish: kriesje, kriese

From Old Dutch *crīscan, from Proto-West Germanic *krīskan.


criten

criten (infinitive)
critens (genitive infinitive)
critene (dative infinitive)
crite (first-person present singular)
crêet (first-person past singular)
crijts (present second-person singular)
crites (present second-person singular)
crēets (past second-person singular)
crētes (past second-person singular)
crijt (present singular third-person)
critet (present singular third-person)
crêet (past singular third-person)
criten (first-person plural present)
crēten (first-person past plural)
crijt (plural present second-person)
critet (plural present second-person)
crēet (past plural second-person)
crētet (past plural second-person)
criten (plural present third-person)
crēten (past plural third-person)
crēte (first-person past singular)
crite (present singular third-person)
crēte (past singular third-person)
crijt (present singular)
crite (present singular)
crijt (plural present)
critet (plural present)
critende (participle present)
gecrēten (participle past)

Dutch: krijten

Afrikaans: kryt

From Old Dutch *crītan, from Proto-Germanic *krītaną (“to shout”), from Proto-Indo-European *greyd- (“to shout”).


geliken

gheliken (alternative)
liken (alternative)

desctree

Dutch: gelijken, lijken
Afrikaans: lyk
Jersey Dutch: lāike

Limburgish: gelieke, lieke

From Old Dutch gilīkon, from Proto-Germanic *galīkōną.


nigen

nigen (infinitive)
nigens (genitive infinitive)
nigene (dative infinitive)
nige (first-person present singular)
nêech (first-person past singular)
nijchs (present second-person singular)
niges (present second-person singular)
nēechs (past second-person singular)
nēges (past second-person singular)
nijcht (present singular third-person)
niget (present singular third-person)
nêech (past singular third-person)
nigen (first-person plural present)
nēgen (first-person past plural)
nijcht (plural present second-person)
niget (plural present second-person)
nēecht (past plural second-person)
nēget (past plural second-person)
nigen (plural present third-person)
nēgen (past plural third-person)
nēge (first-person past singular)
nige (present singular third-person)
nēge (past singular third-person)
nijch (present singular)
nige (present singular)
nijcht (plural present)
niget (plural present)
nigende (participle present)
genēgen (participle past)

Dutch: nijgen

Afrikaans: nyg

Limburgish: niege


riten

riten (infinitive)
ritens (genitive infinitive)
ritene (dative infinitive)
rite (first-person present singular)
rêet (first-person past singular)
rijts (present second-person singular)
rites (present second-person singular)
rēets (past second-person singular)
rētes (past second-person singular)
rijt (present singular third-person)
ritet (present singular third-person)
rêet (past singular third-person)
riten (first-person plural present)
rēten (first-person past plural)
rijt (plural present second-person)
ritet (plural present second-person)
rēet (past plural second-person)
rētet (past plural second-person)
riten (plural present third-person)
rēten (past plural third-person)
rēte (first-person past singular)
rite (present singular third-person)
rēte (past singular third-person)
rijt (present singular)
rite (present singular)
rijt (plural present)
ritet (plural present)
ritende (participle present)
gerēten (participle past)

Dutch: rijten

Limburgish: riete

From Old Dutch *rītan, from Proto-West Germanic *hrītan, from Proto-Germanic *hrītaną.


schinen

schinen (infinitive)
schinens (genitive infinitive)
schinene (dative infinitive)
schine (first-person present singular)
schêen (first-person past singular)
schijns (present second-person singular)
schines (present second-person singular)
schēens (past second-person singular)
schēnes (past second-person singular)
schijnt (present singular third-person)
schinet (present singular third-person)
schêen (past singular third-person)
schinen (first-person plural present)
schēnen (first-person past plural)
schijnt (plural present second-person)
schinet (plural present second-person)
schēent (past plural second-person)
schēnet (past plural second-person)
schinen (plural present third-person)
schēnen (past plural third-person)
schēne (first-person past singular)
schine (present singular third-person)
schēne (past singular third-person)
schijn (present singular)
schine (present singular)
schijnt (plural present)
schinet (plural present)
schinende (participle present)
geschēnen (participle past)

Dutch: schijnen

Afrikaans: skyn

Limburgish: sjiene

From Old Dutch skīnan, from Proto-West Germanic *skīnan, from Proto-Germanic *skīnaną.


schiten

schiten (infinitive)
schitens (genitive infinitive)
schitene (dative infinitive)
schite (first-person present singular)
schêet (first-person past singular)
schijts (present second-person singular)
schites (present second-person singular)
schēets (past second-person singular)
schētes (past second-person singular)
schijt (present singular third-person)
schitet (present singular third-person)
schêet (past singular third-person)
schiten (first-person plural present)
schēten (first-person past plural)
schijt (plural present second-person)
schitet (plural present second-person)
schēet (past plural second-person)
schētet (past plural second-person)
schiten (plural present third-person)
schēten (past plural third-person)
schēte (first-person past singular)
schite (present singular third-person)
schēte (past singular third-person)
schijt (present singular)
schite (present singular)
schijt (plural present)
schitet (plural present)
schitende (participle present)
geschēten (participle past)

Dutch: schijten

Limburgish: sjiete


schriden

schriden (infinitive)
schridens (genitive infinitive)
schridene (dative infinitive)
schride (first-person present singular)
schrêet (first-person past singular)
schrijts (present second-person singular)
schrides (present second-person singular)
schrēets (past second-person singular)
schrēdes (past second-person singular)
schrijt (present singular third-person)
schridet (present singular third-person)
schrêet (past singular third-person)
schriden (first-person plural present)
schrēden (first-person past plural)
schrijt (plural present second-person)
schridet (plural present second-person)
schrēet (past plural second-person)
schrēdet (past plural second-person)
schriden (plural present third-person)
schrēden (past plural third-person)
schrēde (first-person past singular)
schride (present singular third-person)
schrēde (past singular third-person)
schrijt (present singular)
schride (present singular)
schrijt (plural present)
schridet (plural present)
schridende (participle present)
geschrēden (participle past)

Dutch: schrijden

From Old Dutch *scrīthan, from Proto-West Germanic *skrīþan.


schriven

schriven (infinitive)
schrivens (genitive infinitive)
schrivene (dative infinitive)
schrive (first-person present singular)
schrêef (first-person past singular)
schrijfs (present second-person singular)
schrives (present second-person singular)
schrēefs (past second-person singular)
schrēves (past second-person singular)
schrijft (present singular third-person)
schrivet (present singular third-person)
schrêef (past singular third-person)
schriven (first-person plural present)
schrēven (first-person past plural)
schrijft (plural present second-person)
schrivet (plural present second-person)
schrēeft (past plural second-person)
schrēvet (past plural second-person)
schriven (plural present third-person)
schrēven (past plural third-person)
schrēve (first-person past singular)
schrive (present singular third-person)
schrēve (past singular third-person)
schrijf (present singular)
schrive (present singular)
schrijft (plural present)
schrivet (plural present)
schrivende (participle present)
geschrēven (participle past)

Dutch: schrijven
Afrikaans: skryf
Jersey Dutch: sxrāive
Negerhollands: skriev, skrif
Skepi Creole Dutch: screef
→ Sranan Tongo: skrifi
Aukan: sikiifi
Saramaccan: sikífi

Limburgish: sjrieve

From Old Dutch scrīvan, from Proto-West Germanic *skrīban, from Proto-Germanic *skrībaną, a late borrowing from Latin scrībō.


slipen

slipen (infinitive)
slipens (genitive infinitive)
slipene (dative infinitive)
slipe (first-person present singular)
slêep (first-person past singular)
slijps (present second-person singular)
slipes (present second-person singular)
slēeps (past second-person singular)
slēpes (past second-person singular)
slijpt (present singular third-person)
slipet (present singular third-person)
slêep (past singular third-person)
slipen (first-person plural present)
slēpen (first-person past plural)
slijpt (plural present second-person)
slipet (plural present second-person)
slēept (past plural second-person)
slēpet (past plural second-person)
slipen (plural present third-person)
slēpen (past plural third-person)
slēpe (first-person past singular)
slipe (present singular third-person)
slēpe (past singular third-person)
slijp (present singular)
slipe (present singular)
slijpt (plural present)
slipet (plural present)
slipende (participle present)
geslēpen (participle past)

Dutch: slijpen

Afrikaans: slyp

Limburgish: sliepe


smiten

smiten (infinitive)
smitens (genitive infinitive)
smitene (dative infinitive)
smite (first-person present singular)
smêet (first-person past singular)
smijts (present second-person singular)
smites (present second-person singular)
smēets (past second-person singular)
smētes (past second-person singular)
smijt (present singular third-person)
smitet (present singular third-person)
smêet (past singular third-person)
smiten (first-person plural present)
smēten (first-person past plural)
smijt (plural present second-person)
smitet (plural present second-person)
smēet (past plural second-person)
smētet (past plural second-person)
smiten (plural present third-person)
smēten (past plural third-person)
smēte (first-person past singular)
smite (present singular third-person)
smēte (past singular third-person)
smijt (present singular)
smite (present singular)
smijt (plural present)
smitet (plural present)
smitende (participle present)
gesmēten (participle past)

Dutch: smijten

Afrikaans: smyt

Limburgish: smiete


sniden

sniden (infinitive)
snidens (genitive infinitive)
snidene (dative infinitive)
snide (first-person present singular)
snêet (first-person past singular)
snijts (present second-person singular)
snides (present second-person singular)
snēets (past second-person singular)
snēdes (past second-person singular)
snijt (present singular third-person)
snidet (present singular third-person)
snêet (past singular third-person)
sniden (first-person plural present)
snēden (first-person past plural)
snijt (plural present second-person)
snidet (plural present second-person)
snēet (past plural second-person)
snēdet (past plural second-person)
sniden (plural present third-person)
snēden (past plural third-person)
snēde (first-person past singular)
snide (present singular third-person)
snēde (past singular third-person)
snijt (present singular)
snide (present singular)
snijt (plural present)
snidet (plural present)
snidende (participle present)
gesnēden (participle past)

Dutch: snijden

Afrikaans: sny

Limburgish: snieje


spiten

spiten (infinitive)
spitens (genitive infinitive)
spitene (dative infinitive)
spite (first-person present singular)
spijts (present second-person singular)
spites (present second-person singular)
spijt (present singular third-person)
spitet (present singular third-person)
spiten (first-person plural present)
spijt (plural present second-person)
spitet (plural present second-person)
spiten (plural present third-person)
spite (present singular third-person)
spijt (present singular)
spite (present singular)
spijt (plural present)
spitet (plural present)
spitende (participle present)

Dutch: spijten

Limburgish: spiete


striken

striken (infinitive)
strikens (genitive infinitive)
strikene (dative infinitive)
strike (first-person present singular)
strêec (first-person past singular)
strijcs (present second-person singular)
strikes (present second-person singular)
strēecs (past second-person singular)
strēkes (past second-person singular)
strijct (present singular third-person)
striket (present singular third-person)
strêec (past singular third-person)
striken (first-person plural present)
strēken (first-person past plural)
strijct (plural present second-person)
striket (plural present second-person)
strēect (past plural second-person)
strēket (past plural second-person)
striken (plural present third-person)
strēken (past plural third-person)
strēke (first-person past singular)
strike (present singular third-person)
strēke (past singular third-person)
strijc (present singular)
strike (present singular)
strijct (plural present)
striket (plural present)
strikende (participle present)
gestrēken (participle past)

Dutch: strijken

Afrikaans: stryk

Limburgish: strieke

→ Middle French: estriquer

French: étriquer

to stroke, to pass (something) over gently


vrien

Dutch: vrijen

Limburgish: vrieje

From Old Dutch *frīon, from Proto-West Germanic *frijōn (“to love”).


wiken

wiken (infinitive)
wikens (genitive infinitive)
wikene (dative infinitive)
wike (first-person present singular)
wêec (first-person past singular)
wijcs (present second-person singular)
wikes (present second-person singular)
wēecs (past second-person singular)
wēkes (past second-person singular)
wijct (present singular third-person)
wiket (present singular third-person)
wêec (past singular third-person)
wiken (first-person plural present)
wēken (first-person past plural)
wijct (plural present second-person)
wiket (plural present second-person)
wēect (past plural second-person)
wēket (past plural second-person)
wiken (plural present third-person)
wēken (past plural third-person)
wēke (first-person past singular)
wike (present singular third-person)
wēke (past singular third-person)
wijc (present singular)
wike (present singular)
wijct (plural present)
wiket (plural present)
wikende (participle present)
gewēken (participle past)

Dutch: wijken

Afrikaans: wyk

Limburgish: wieke


wriven

wriven (infinitive)
wrivens (genitive infinitive)
wrivene (dative infinitive)
wrive (first-person present singular)
wrêef (first-person past singular)
wrijfs (present second-person singular)
wrives (present second-person singular)
wrēefs (past second-person singular)
wrēves (past second-person singular)
wrijft (present singular third-person)
wrivet (present singular third-person)
wrêef (past singular third-person)
wriven (first-person plural present)
wrēven (first-person past plural)
wrijft (plural present second-person)
wrivet (plural present second-person)
wrēeft (past plural second-person)
wrēvet (past plural second-person)
wriven (plural present third-person)
wrēven (past plural third-person)
wrēve (first-person past singular)
wrive (present singular third-person)
wrēve (past singular third-person)
wrijf (present singular)
wrive (present singular)
wrijft (plural present)
wrivet (plural present)
wrivende (participle present)
gewrēven (participle past)

Dutch: wrijven

Afrikaans: vryf, vrywe

Limburgish: wrieve

From Old Dutch *wrīvan, from Proto-Germanic *wrībaną.


sigen

sigen (infinitive)
sigens (genitive infinitive)
sigene (dative infinitive)
sige (first-person present singular)
sêech (first-person past singular)
sijchs (present second-person singular)
siges (present second-person singular)
sēechs (past second-person singular)
sēges (past second-person singular)
sijcht (present singular third-person)
siget (present singular third-person)
sêech (past singular third-person)
sigen (first-person plural present)
sēgen (first-person past plural)
sijcht (plural present second-person)
siget (plural present second-person)
sēecht (past plural second-person)
sēget (past plural second-person)
sigen (plural present third-person)
sēgen (past plural third-person)
sēge (first-person past singular)
sige (present singular third-person)
sēge (past singular third-person)
sijch (present singular)
sige (present singular)
sijcht (plural present)
siget (plural present)
sigende (participle present)
gesēgen (participle past)

Dutch: zijgen

Limburgish: ziege

From Old Dutch sīgan, from Proto-Germanic *sīganą.


swigen

swigen (infinitive)
swigens (genitive infinitive)
swigene (dative infinitive)
swige (first-person present singular)
swêech (first-person past singular)
swijchs (present second-person singular)
swiges (present second-person singular)
swēechs (past second-person singular)
swēges (past second-person singular)
swijcht (present singular third-person)
swiget (present singular third-person)
swêech (past singular third-person)
swigen (first-person plural present)
swēgen (first-person past plural)
swijcht (plural present second-person)
swiget (plural present second-person)
swēecht (past plural second-person)
swēget (past plural second-person)
swigen (plural present third-person)
swēgen (past plural third-person)
swēge (first-person past singular)
swige (present singular third-person)
swēge (past singular third-person)
swijch (present singular)
swige (present singular)
swijcht (plural present)
swiget (plural present)
swigende (participle present)
geswēgen (participle past)

Dutch: zwijgen

Limburgish: zwiege

From Old Dutch *swīgon, from Proto-West Germanic *swīgēn.


lengen

Dutch: lengen

From Old Dutch *lengen, from Proto-Germanic *langijaną.

to lengthen, to extend, to make/become longer


wreken

Dutch: wreken

Limburgish: wraeke, wreike

From Old Dutch *wrekan, from Proto-West Germanic *wrekan.


drepen

Limburgish: draepe

From Old Dutch *drepan, from Proto-Germanic *drepaną.


gedoen

Dutch: gedoen

From Old Dutch giduon. Equivalent to ge- + doen.


wroegen

Dutch: wroegen

From Old Dutch *wruogen, from Proto-Germanic *wrōgijaną.


snuwen

snuwen (infinitive)
snuwens (genitive infinitive)
snuwene (dative infinitive)
snuwe (first-person present singular)
snuus (present second-person singular)
snuwes (present second-person singular)
snuut (present singular third-person)
snuwet (present singular third-person)
snuwen (first-person plural present)
snuut (plural present second-person)
snuwet (plural present second-person)
snuwen (plural present third-person)
snuwe (present singular third-person)
snu (present singular)
snuwe (present singular)
snuut (plural present)
snuwet (plural present)
snuwende (participle present)
sniën (alternative)
sniwen (alternative)
snouwen (alternative)

Dutch: snuwen

Limburgish: snieë, snieëje

From Old Dutch *snīwan, from Proto-Germanic *snīwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sneygʷʰ-.


kinen

kinen (infinitive)
kinens (genitive infinitive)
kinene (dative infinitive)
kine (first-person present singular)
kêen (first-person past singular)
kijns (present second-person singular)
kines (present second-person singular)
kēens (past second-person singular)
kēnes (past second-person singular)
kijnt (present singular third-person)
kinet (present singular third-person)
kêen (past singular third-person)
kinen (first-person plural present)
kēnen (first-person past plural)
kijnt (plural present second-person)
kinet (plural present second-person)
kēent (past plural second-person)
kēnet (past plural second-person)
kinen (plural present third-person)
kēnen (past plural third-person)
kēne (first-person past singular)
kine (present singular third-person)
kēne (past singular third-person)
kijn (present singular)
kine (present singular)
kijnt (plural present)
kinet (plural present)
kinende (participle present)
gekēnen (participle past)

From Old Dutch *kīnan, from Proto-Germanic *kīnaną.


verdrieten

Dutch: verdrieten

Limburgish: verdrete

(intransitive) to feel reluctant to, to feel annoyed by [with genitive ‘thing’]


seggen

Dutch: zeggen
Afrikaans: sê
Javindo: seg, seggen, sèè
Jersey Dutch: sääxxe
Petjo: sehhen

Limburgish: zègke

From Old Dutch seggen, from Proto-West Germanic *saggjan. The irregular past tense is a common Ingvaeonic development of the northern dialects, seen also in brein and seil.

to say in writing, to write/be in writing


geronnen

Dutch: zo gewonnen, zo geronnen


sogen

Dutch: zogen

Limburgish: zouge

From Old Dutch *sōgen, from Proto-West Germanic *saugijan.


timmeren

Dutch: timmeren

Limburgish: tömmere

From Old Dutch timbren, from Proto-West Germanic *timrijan.


vaen

Dutch: vangen
Afrikaans: vang
Berbice Creole Dutch: fanggi
Negerhollands: vang, faṅ
Skepi Creole Dutch: fank
→ Aukan: fanga
→ Sranan Tongo: fanga
→ Caribbean Javanese: fangah, mangah

Limburgish: vange

From Old Dutch fān, from Proto-West Germanic *fą̄han.

to catch, to intercept (something in the air)


daden

first/third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of doen


seiken

Dutch: zeiken

Limburgish: zeike

From Old Dutch *seiken, from Proto-West Germanic *saikijan.


helsen

helsen (infinitive)
helsens (genitive infinitive)
helsene (dative infinitive)
helse (first-person present singular)
hels (present second-person singular)
helses (present second-person singular)
helst (present singular third-person)
helset (present singular third-person)
helsen (first-person plural present)
helst (plural present second-person)
helset (plural present second-person)
helsen (plural present third-person)
helse (present singular third-person)
hels (present singular)
helse (present singular)
helst (plural present)
helset (plural present)
helsende (participle present)

Dutch: helzen

From Old Dutch *helsen, from Proto-Germanic *halsijaną, from *halsaz (“neck”) (Middle Dutch hals).


severen

sêveren (canonical)
seiveren (alternative)

Dutch: zeveren

Limburgish: zeivere


mayen

Dutch: maaien

Limburgish: mèjje

From Old Dutch *māien, from Proto-West Germanic *māan.


nesen

From Old Dutch *nesan, from Proto-Germanic *nesaną.


hevet

third-person singular present indicative of hebben


gellen

Dutch: gillen

From Old Dutch *gellan, from Proto-Germanic *gellaną.


swellen

Dutch: zwellen

Limburgish: zwèlle

From Old Dutch *swellan, from Proto-Germanic *swellaną.


trecken

Dutch: trekken

Afrikaans: trek

→ English: trek

Limburgish: trèkke

From Old Dutch *trecken, from Proto-West Germanic *trakkjan.


roeken

Dutch: roeken

(transitive) to care about, to worry about


telen

Dutch: telen

From Old Dutch tilon, from Proto-Germanic *tilōną.

To cultivate, to foster, to raise (crops, young).


bueren

bueren (infinitive)
buerens (genitive infinitive)
buerene (dative infinitive)
buere (first-person present singular)
buers (present second-person singular)
bueres (present second-person singular)
buert (present singular third-person)
bueret (present singular third-person)
bueren (first-person plural present)
buert (plural present second-person)
bueret (plural present second-person)
bueren (plural present third-person)
buere (present singular third-person)
buer (present singular)
buere (present singular)
buert (plural present)
bueret (plural present)
buerende (participle present)

Dutch: beuren

Afrikaans: beur

Limburgish: beure, bäöre

From Old Dutch *burien, from Proto-West Germanic *burjan.


dogen

Dutch: deugen

Afrikaans: deug

to be of good quality
to perform well (in its purpose)

to be of good quality
(of food) to keep for a long time

to be of good quality
to keep for a long time


dorren

Dutch: durven (conflated in form with durven)

Limburgish: däöre, dörve


connen

Dutch: kunnen, (dialectal) kennen, konnen
Afrikaans: kan (from inflected form kan)
Berbice Creole Dutch: kan (from inflected form kan)
Javindo: ken
Negerhollands: kan, ka (from inflected form kan)
Petjo: kan, ken
Skepi Creole Dutch: can (from inflected form kan)

Limburgish: kónne

West Flemish: keunn

From Old Dutch cunnan, from Proto-West Germanic *kunnan, from Proto-Germanic *kunnaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃-.

to know, to be familiar with, to understand

(auxiliary) can, to be able to, to have the ability to


dorven

conflated in meaning with <i class="Latn mention" lang="dum">dorren</i>

Dutch: durven (conflated in meaning with dorren)
Afrikaans: durf
Javindo: durref
Negerhollands: derv, dėfo
→ Papiamentu: dùrf

Limburgish: dörve

From Old Dutch *thurvan, from Proto-West Germanic *þurban.

(impersonal) to be required [with dative ‘person’]

(intransitive) to need, to require [with genitive]


driten

driten (infinitive)
dritens (genitive infinitive)
dritene (dative infinitive)
drite (first-person present singular)
drêet (first-person past singular)
drijts (present second-person singular)
drites (present second-person singular)
drēets (past second-person singular)
drētes (past second-person singular)
drijt (present singular third-person)
dritet (present singular third-person)
drêet (past singular third-person)
driten (first-person plural present)
drēten (first-person past plural)
drijt (plural present second-person)
dritet (plural present second-person)
drēet (past plural second-person)
drētet (past plural second-person)
driten (plural present third-person)
drēten (past plural third-person)
drēte (first-person past singular)
drite (present singular third-person)
drēte (past singular third-person)
drijt (present singular)
drite (present singular)
drijt (plural present)
dritet (plural present)
dritende (participle present)
gedrēten (participle past)

Dutch: drijten

From Old Dutch *drītan, from Proto-Germanic *drītaną.


dwinen

dwinen (infinitive)
dwinens (genitive infinitive)
dwinene (dative infinitive)
dwine (first-person present singular)
dwêen (first-person past singular)
dwijns (present second-person singular)
dwines (present second-person singular)
dwēens (past second-person singular)
dwēnes (past second-person singular)
dwijnt (present singular third-person)
dwinet (present singular third-person)
dwêen (past singular third-person)
dwinen (first-person plural present)
dwēnen (first-person past plural)
dwijnt (plural present second-person)
dwinet (plural present second-person)
dwēent (past plural second-person)
dwēnet (past plural second-person)
dwinen (plural present third-person)
dwēnen (past plural third-person)
dwēne (first-person past singular)
dwine (present singular third-person)
dwēne (past singular third-person)
dwijn (present singular)
dwine (present singular)
dwijnt (plural present)
dwinet (plural present)
dwinende (participle present)
gedwēnen (participle past)

From Old Dutch *dwīnan, from Proto-Germanic *dwīnaną.

to dwindle, to decline in number or size


vliten

From Old Dutch flītan, from Proto-West Germanic *flītan.

(reflexive) to make an effort [with genitive ‘towards’]


rinen

rinen (infinitive)
rinens (genitive infinitive)
rinene (dative infinitive)
rine (first-person present singular)
rijns (present second-person singular)
rines (present second-person singular)
rijnt (present singular third-person)
rinet (present singular third-person)
rinen (first-person plural present)
rijnt (plural present second-person)
rinet (plural present second-person)
rinen (plural present third-person)
rine (present singular third-person)
rijn (present singular)
rine (present singular)
rijnt (plural present)
rinet (plural present)
rinende (participle present)

From Old Dutch *rīnan, from Proto-West Germanic *hrīnan.


cliven

cliven (infinitive)
clivens (genitive infinitive)
clivene (dative infinitive)
clive (first-person present singular)
clêef (first-person past singular)
clijfs (present second-person singular)
clives (present second-person singular)
clēefs (past second-person singular)
clēves (past second-person singular)
clijft (present singular third-person)
clivet (present singular third-person)
clêef (past singular third-person)
cliven (first-person plural present)
clēven (first-person past plural)
clijft (plural present second-person)
clivet (plural present second-person)
clēeft (past plural second-person)
clēvet (past plural second-person)
cliven (plural present third-person)
clēven (past plural third-person)
clēve (first-person past singular)
clive (present singular third-person)
clēve (past singular third-person)
clijf (present singular)
clive (present singular)
clijft (plural present)
clivet (plural present)
clivende (participle present)
geclēven (participle past)

Dutch: klijven

From Old Dutch *clīvan, from Proto-Germanic *klībaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gleybʰ-.


migen

From Old Dutch *mīgan, from Proto-West Germanic *mīgan, from Proto-Germanic *mīganą, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃meyǵʰ-.


schrien

Dutch: schriën, schrieën (dialectal)


swiken

swiken (infinitive)
swikens (genitive infinitive)
swikene (dative infinitive)
swike (first-person present singular)
swêec (first-person past singular)
swijcs (present second-person singular)
swikes (present second-person singular)
swēecs (past second-person singular)
swēkes (past second-person singular)
swijct (present singular third-person)
swiket (present singular third-person)
swêec (past singular third-person)
swiken (first-person plural present)
swēken (first-person past plural)
swijct (plural present second-person)
swiket (plural present second-person)
swēect (past plural second-person)
swēket (past plural second-person)
swiken (plural present third-person)
swēken (past plural third-person)
swēke (first-person past singular)
swike (present singular third-person)
swēke (past singular third-person)
swijc (present singular)
swike (present singular)
swijct (plural present)
swiket (plural present)
swikende (participle present)
geswēken (participle past)

Dutch: zwijken

Limburgish: zwieke

From Old Dutch *swīcan, from Proto-West Germanic *swīkwan, from Proto-Germanic *swīkwaną.


errisen

From Old Dutch *irrīsan, from Proto-Germanic *uzrīsaną. Equivalent to er- + risen.


wigen

wigen (infinitive)
wigens (genitive infinitive)
wigene (dative infinitive)
wige (first-person present singular)
wijchs (present second-person singular)
wiges (present second-person singular)
wijcht (present singular third-person)
wiget (present singular third-person)
wigen (first-person plural present)
wijcht (plural present second-person)
wiget (plural present second-person)
wigen (plural present third-person)
wige (present singular third-person)
wijch (present singular)
wige (present singular)
wijcht (plural present)
wiget (plural present)
wigende (participle present)

From Old Dutch *wīgan, from Proto-Germanic *wiganą.


blouwen

Dutch: blouwen

From Old Dutch *bliuwan, from Proto-Germanic *blewwaną.


driegen

driegen (infinitive)
driegens (genitive infinitive)
driegene (dative infinitive)
driege (first-person present singular)
drôoch (first-person past singular)
driechs (present second-person singular)
drieges (present second-person singular)
drōochs (past second-person singular)
drōges (past second-person singular)
driecht (present singular third-person)
drieget (present singular third-person)
drôoch (past singular third-person)
driegen (first-person plural present)
drōgen (first-person past plural)
driecht (plural present second-person)
drieget (plural present second-person)
drōocht (past plural second-person)
drōget (past plural second-person)
driegen (plural present third-person)
drōgen (past plural third-person)
drōge (first-person past singular)
driege (present singular third-person)
drōge (past singular third-person)
driech (present singular)
driege (present singular)
driecht (plural present)
drieget (plural present)
driegende (participle present)
gedrōgen (participle past)

Dutch: bedriegen

From Old Dutch *driegan, from Proto-Germanic *dreuganą.


vlien

Dutch: vlieden

Afrikaans: vlied

From Old Dutch *flion, from Proto-West Germanic *fleuhan, from Proto-Germanic *fleuhaną.


fniesen

fniesen (infinitive)
fniesens (genitive infinitive)
fniesene (dative infinitive)
fniese (first-person present singular)
fnies (present second-person singular)
fnieses (present second-person singular)
fniest (present singular third-person)
fnieset (present singular third-person)
fniesen (first-person plural present)
fniest (plural present second-person)
fnieset (plural present second-person)
fniesen (plural present third-person)
fniese (present singular third-person)
fnies (present singular)
fniese (present singular)
fniest (plural present)
fnieset (plural present)
fniesende (participle present)

Dutch: fniezen

From Old Dutch *fniesan, from Proto-Germanic *fneusaną.


verliesen

Dutch: verliezen

Limburgish: verleze

From Old Dutch *firliosan, from Proto-Germanic *fraleusaną.


vriesen

vriesen (infinitive)
vriesens (genitive infinitive)
vriesene (dative infinitive)
vriese (first-person present singular)
vrôos (first-person past singular)
vries (present second-person singular)
vrieses (present second-person singular)
vrōors (past second-person singular)
vrōres (past second-person singular)
vriest (present singular third-person)
vrieset (present singular third-person)
vrôos (past singular third-person)
vriesen (first-person plural present)
vrōren (first-person past plural)
vriest (plural present second-person)
vrieset (plural present second-person)
vrōort (past plural second-person)
vrōret (past plural second-person)
vriesen (plural present third-person)
vrōren (past plural third-person)
vrōre (first-person past singular)
vriese (present singular third-person)
vrōre (past singular third-person)
vries (present singular)
vriese (present singular)
vriest (plural present)
vrieset (plural present)
vriesende (participle present)
gevrōren (participle past)

Dutch: vriezen
Afrikaans: vries
→ Papiamentu: fris

Limburgish: vrere, vreze

From Old Dutch *friesan, from Proto-West Germanic *freusan.


couwen

cowen (alternative)
ceuwen (alternative)
cuwen (alternative)
cuën (alternative)
cuhën (alternative)

Dutch: kauwen

Limburgish: kówwe

From Old Dutch *kiuwan, from Proto-West Germanic *keuwan. Alternatively from Old Dutch *kouwon, from Proto-West Germanic *kauwōn, derived from Proto-Germanic *kewwaną.


clieven

clieven (infinitive)
clievens (genitive infinitive)
clievene (dative infinitive)
clieve (first-person present singular)
clôof (first-person past singular)
cliefs (present second-person singular)
clieves (present second-person singular)
clōofs (past second-person singular)
clōves (past second-person singular)
clieft (present singular third-person)
clievet (present singular third-person)
clôof (past singular third-person)
clieven (first-person plural present)
clōven (first-person past plural)
clieft (plural present second-person)
clievet (plural present second-person)
clōoft (past plural second-person)
clōvet (past plural second-person)
clieven (plural present third-person)
clōven (past plural third-person)
clōve (first-person past singular)
clieve (present singular third-person)
clōve (past singular third-person)
clief (present singular)
clieve (present singular)
clieft (plural present)
clievet (plural present)
clievende (participle present)
geclōven (participle past)

Dutch: klieven

Limburgish: kleive


crupen

crupen (infinitive)
crupens (genitive infinitive)
crupene (dative infinitive)
crupe (first-person present singular)
crôop (first-person past singular)
cruups (present second-person singular)
crupes (present second-person singular)
crōops (past second-person singular)
crōpes (past second-person singular)
cruupt (present singular third-person)
crupet (present singular third-person)
crôop (past singular third-person)
crupen (first-person plural present)
crōpen (first-person past plural)
cruupt (plural present second-person)
crupet (plural present second-person)
crōopt (past plural second-person)
crōpet (past plural second-person)
crupen (plural present third-person)
crōpen (past plural third-person)
crōpe (first-person past singular)
crupe (present singular third-person)
crōpe (past singular third-person)
cruup (present singular)
crupe (present singular)
cruupt (plural present)
crupet (plural present)
crupende (participle present)
gecrōpen (participle past)

Dutch: kruipen
Afrikaans: kruip
Negerhollands: krup, kryb

Limburgish: kroepe

to crawl, to move close to the ground (on hands and feet etc.)


luken

luken (infinitive)
lukens (genitive infinitive)
lukene (dative infinitive)
luke (first-person present singular)
lôoc (first-person past singular)
luucs (present second-person singular)
lukes (present second-person singular)
lōocs (past second-person singular)
lōkes (past second-person singular)
luuct (present singular third-person)
luket (present singular third-person)
lôoc (past singular third-person)
luken (first-person plural present)
lōken (first-person past plural)
luuct (plural present second-person)
luket (plural present second-person)
lōoct (past plural second-person)
lōket (past plural second-person)
luken (plural present third-person)
lōken (past plural third-person)
lōke (first-person past singular)
luke (present singular third-person)
lōke (past singular third-person)
luuc (present singular)
luke (present singular)
luuct (plural present)
luket (plural present)
lukende (participle present)
gelōken (participle past)

Dutch: luiken

From Old Dutch *lūcan, from Proto-West Germanic *lūkan (“to close, shut”).

inh

(intransitive) to close, to become closed


ruken

ruken (infinitive)
rukens (genitive infinitive)
rukene (dative infinitive)
ruke (first-person present singular)
rôoc (first-person past singular)
ruucs (present second-person singular)
rukes (present second-person singular)
rōocs (past second-person singular)
rōkes (past second-person singular)
ruuct (present singular third-person)
ruket (present singular third-person)
rôoc (past singular third-person)
ruken (first-person plural present)
rōken (first-person past plural)
ruuct (plural present second-person)
ruket (plural present second-person)
rōoct (past plural second-person)
rōket (past plural second-person)
ruken (plural present third-person)
rōken (past plural third-person)
rōke (first-person past singular)
ruke (present singular third-person)
rōke (past singular third-person)
ruuc (present singular)
ruke (present singular)
ruuct (plural present)
ruket (plural present)
rukende (participle present)
gerōken (participle past)
rieken (alternative)
riken (alternative)

Dutch: ruiken, rieken

Afrikaans: ruik

Limburgish: ruke

From Old Dutch *rūcan, from Proto-West Germanic *reukan, from Proto-Germanic *reukaną.


schuven

schuven (infinitive)
schuvens (genitive infinitive)
schuvene (dative infinitive)
schuve (first-person present singular)
schôof (first-person past singular)
schuufs (present second-person singular)
schuves (present second-person singular)
schōofs (past second-person singular)
schōves (past second-person singular)
schuuft (present singular third-person)
schuvet (present singular third-person)
schôof (past singular third-person)
schuven (first-person plural present)
schōven (first-person past plural)
schuuft (plural present second-person)
schuvet (plural present second-person)
schōoft (past plural second-person)
schōvet (past plural second-person)
schuven (plural present third-person)
schōven (past plural third-person)
schōve (first-person past singular)
schuve (present singular third-person)
schōve (past singular third-person)
schuuf (present singular)
schuve (present singular)
schuuft (plural present)
schuvet (plural present)
schuvende (participle present)
geschōven (participle past)

Dutch: schuiven

Afrikaans: skuif, skuiwe

Limburgish: sjuve

(transitive) to slide, to move smoothly over a surface

(intransitive) to slide, to move oneself


spruten

desctree

Dutch: spruiten
Afrikaans: spruit
→ Papiamentu: sprùit, spreit, spruit

From Old Dutch *sprūtan, from Proto-Germanic *sprūtaną, *spreutaną.


suken

Dutch: zuiken (dialectal or obsolete)

Limburgish: zuken, zoeken

From Old Dutch *sūcan, from Proto-Germanic *sūkaną.


bernen

bernen (infinitive)
bernens (genitive infinitive)
bernene (dative infinitive)
berne (first-person present singular)
barn (first-person past singular)
berns (present second-person singular)
bernes (present second-person singular)
borns (past second-person singular)
bornes (past second-person singular)
bernt (present singular third-person)
bernet (present singular third-person)
barn (past singular third-person)
bernen (first-person plural present)
bornen (first-person past plural)
bernt (plural present second-person)
bernet (plural present second-person)
bornt (past plural second-person)
bornet (past plural second-person)
bernen (plural present third-person)
bornen (past plural third-person)
borne (first-person past singular)
berne (present singular third-person)
borne (past singular third-person)
bern (present singular)
berne (present singular)
bernt (plural present)
bernet (plural present)
bernende (participle present)
gebornen (participle past)
bernen (infinitive)
bernens (genitive infinitive)
bernene (dative infinitive)
berne (first-person present singular)
berns (present second-person singular)
bernes (present second-person singular)
bernt (present singular third-person)
bernet (present singular third-person)
bernen (first-person plural present)
bernt (plural present second-person)
bernet (plural present second-person)
bernen (plural present third-person)
berne (present singular third-person)
bern (present singular)
berne (present singular)
bernt (plural present)
bernet (plural present)
bernende (participle present)
barnen (alternative)

Dutch: barnen

Limburgish: borre

⇒ Middle Dutch: branden (backformation)

Dutch: branden

Limburgish: branje, brenje

A mixture of two verbs:
* Old Dutch brinnan, from Proto-Germanic *brinnaną
* Old Dutch brennen, from Proto-Germanic *brannijaną

(transitive) to burn, to cause to be on fire or consumed by fire


verwerden

Dutch: verworden

From Old Dutch farwerthan, from Proto-Germanic *frawerþaną. Equivalent to ver- + werden.


verwerden

Dutch: verwerden

From Old Dutch farwerden, from Proto-Germanic *frawardijaną.


grimmen

grimmen (infinitive)
grimmens (genitive infinitive)
grimmene (dative infinitive)
grimme (first-person present singular)
grims (present second-person singular)
grimmes (present second-person singular)
grimt (present singular third-person)
grimmet (present singular third-person)
grimmen (first-person plural present)
grimt (plural present second-person)
grimmet (plural present second-person)
grimmen (plural present third-person)
grimme (present singular third-person)
grim (present singular)
grimme (present singular)
grimt (plural present)
grimmet (plural present)
grimmende (participle present)

From Old Dutch *grimman, from Proto-West Germanic *grimman.

to grin or smile (at something not humorous, or to hide displeasure)


climmen

climmen (infinitive)
climmens (genitive infinitive)
climmene (dative infinitive)
climme (first-person present singular)
clam (first-person past singular)
clims (present second-person singular)
climmes (present second-person singular)
cloms (past second-person singular)
clommes (past second-person singular)
climt (present singular third-person)
climmet (present singular third-person)
clam (past singular third-person)
climmen (first-person plural present)
clommen (first-person past plural)
climt (plural present second-person)
climmet (plural present second-person)
clomt (past plural second-person)
clommet (past plural second-person)
climmen (plural present third-person)
clommen (past plural third-person)
clomme (first-person past singular)
climme (present singular third-person)
clomme (past singular third-person)
clim (present singular)
climme (present singular)
climt (plural present)
climmet (plural present)
climmende (participle present)
geclommen (participle past)
clemmen (alternative)

Dutch: klimmen

Limburgish: klumme, klömme


crimpen

crimpen (infinitive)
crimpens (genitive infinitive)
crimpene (dative infinitive)
crimpe (first-person present singular)
cramp (first-person past singular)
crimps (present second-person singular)
crimpes (present second-person singular)
cromps (past second-person singular)
crompes (past second-person singular)
crimpt (present singular third-person)
crimpet (present singular third-person)
cramp (past singular third-person)
crimpen (first-person plural present)
crompen (first-person past plural)
crimpt (plural present second-person)
crimpet (plural present second-person)
crompt (past plural second-person)
crompet (past plural second-person)
crimpen (plural present third-person)
crompen (past plural third-person)
crompe (first-person past singular)
crimpe (present singular third-person)
crompe (past singular third-person)
crimp (present singular)
crimpe (present singular)
crimpt (plural present)
crimpet (plural present)
crimpende (participle present)
gecrompen (participle past)
crempen (alternative)

Dutch: krimpen

Afrikaans: krimp

Limburgish: krömpe

From Old Dutch *crimpan, from Proto-Germanic *krimpaną.


cringen

cringen (infinitive)
cringens (genitive infinitive)
cringene (dative infinitive)
cringe (first-person present singular)
cranc (first-person past singular)
crincs (present second-person singular)
cringes (present second-person singular)
croncs (past second-person singular)
cronges (past second-person singular)
crinct (present singular third-person)
cringet (present singular third-person)
cranc (past singular third-person)
cringen (first-person plural present)
crongen (first-person past plural)
crinct (plural present second-person)
cringet (plural present second-person)
cronct (past plural second-person)
cronget (past plural second-person)
cringen (plural present third-person)
crongen (past plural third-person)
cronge (first-person past singular)
cringe (present singular third-person)
cronge (past singular third-person)
crinc (present singular)
cringe (present singular)
crinct (plural present)
cringet (plural present)
cringende (participle present)
gecrongen (participle past)

From Old Dutch *kringan, from Proto-Germanic *kringaną.

(intransitive) to turn oneself (in a direction)


swelgen

swelgen (infinitive)
swelgens (genitive infinitive)
swelgene (dative infinitive)
swelge (first-person present singular)
swalch (first-person past singular)
swelchs (present second-person singular)
swelges (present second-person singular)
swolchs (past second-person singular)
swolges (past second-person singular)
swelcht (present singular third-person)
swelget (present singular third-person)
swalch (past singular third-person)
swelgen (first-person plural present)
swolgen (first-person past plural)
swelcht (plural present second-person)
swelget (plural present second-person)
swolcht (past plural second-person)
swolget (past plural second-person)
swelgen (plural present third-person)
swolgen (past plural third-person)
swolge (first-person past singular)
swelge (present singular third-person)
swolge (past singular third-person)
swelch (present singular)
swelge (present singular)
swelcht (plural present)
swelget (plural present)
swelgende (participle present)
geswolgen (participle past)

Dutch: zwelgen

From Old Dutch *swelgan, from Proto-Germanic *swelganą.


swelten

swelten (infinitive)
sweltens (genitive infinitive)
sweltene (dative infinitive)
swelte (first-person present singular)
swalt (first-person past singular)
swelts (present second-person singular)
sweltes (present second-person singular)
swolts (past second-person singular)
swoltes (past second-person singular)
swelt (present singular third-person)
sweltet (present singular third-person)
swalt (past singular third-person)
swelten (first-person plural present)
swolten (first-person past plural)
swelt (plural present second-person)
sweltet (plural present second-person)
swolt (past plural second-person)
swoltet (past plural second-person)
swelten (plural present third-person)
swolten (past plural third-person)
swolte (first-person past singular)
swelte (present singular third-person)
swolte (past singular third-person)
swelt (present singular)
swelte (present singular)
swelt (plural present)
sweltet (plural present)
sweltende (participle present)
geswolten (participle past)

Dutch: zwelten

From Old Dutch *sweltan, from Proto-West Germanic *sweltan, from Proto-Germanic *sweltaną.


swemmen

swemmen (infinitive)
swemmens (genitive infinitive)
swemmene (dative infinitive)
swemme (first-person present singular)
swam (first-person past singular)
swems (present second-person singular)
swemmes (present second-person singular)
swoms (past second-person singular)
swommes (past second-person singular)
swemt (present singular third-person)
swemmet (present singular third-person)
swam (past singular third-person)
swemmen (first-person plural present)
swommen (first-person past plural)
swemt (plural present second-person)
swemmet (plural present second-person)
swomt (past plural second-person)
swommet (past plural second-person)
swemmen (plural present third-person)
swommen (past plural third-person)
swomme (first-person past singular)
swemme (present singular third-person)
swomme (past singular third-person)
swem (present singular)
swemme (present singular)
swemt (plural present)
swemmet (plural present)
swemmende (participle present)
geswommen (participle past)
swemmen (infinitive)
swemmens (genitive infinitive)
swemmene (dative infinitive)
swemme (first-person present singular)
swems (present second-person singular)
swemmes (present second-person singular)
swemt (present singular third-person)
swemmet (present singular third-person)
swemmen (first-person plural present)
swemt (plural present second-person)
swemmet (plural present second-person)
swemmen (plural present third-person)
swemme (present singular third-person)
swem (present singular)
swemme (present singular)
swemt (plural present)
swemmet (plural present)
swemmende (participle present)
swimmen (alternative)

Dutch: zwemmen

Limburgish: zwömme

From Old Dutch *swimman, from Proto-Germanic *swimmaną.

(intransitive, figuratively) to overflow, to have (a thing or feeling) in abundance


swingen

swingen (infinitive)
swingens (genitive infinitive)
swingene (dative infinitive)
swinge (first-person present singular)
swanc (first-person past singular)
swincs (present second-person singular)
swinges (present second-person singular)
swoncs (past second-person singular)
swonges (past second-person singular)
swinct (present singular third-person)
swinget (present singular third-person)
swanc (past singular third-person)
swingen (first-person plural present)
swongen (first-person past plural)
swinct (plural present second-person)
swinget (plural present second-person)
swonct (past plural second-person)
swonget (past plural second-person)
swingen (plural present third-person)
swongen (past plural third-person)
swonge (first-person past singular)
swinge (present singular third-person)
swonge (past singular third-person)
swinc (present singular)
swinge (present singular)
swinct (plural present)
swinget (plural present)
swingende (participle present)
geswongen (participle past)

Limburgish: zwinge

From Old Dutch *swingan, from Proto-West Germanic *swingan (“to swing”).


werren

werren (infinitive)
werrens (genitive infinitive)
werrene (dative infinitive)
werre (first-person present singular)
war (first-person past singular)
wers (present second-person singular)
werres (present second-person singular)
wors (past second-person singular)
worres (past second-person singular)
wert (present singular third-person)
werret (present singular third-person)
war (past singular third-person)
werren (first-person plural present)
worren (first-person past plural)
wert (plural present second-person)
werret (plural present second-person)
wort (past plural second-person)
worret (past plural second-person)
werren (plural present third-person)
worren (past plural third-person)
worre (first-person past singular)
werre (present singular third-person)
worre (past singular third-person)
wer (present singular)
werre (present singular)
wert (plural present)
werret (plural present)
werrende (participle present)
geworren (participle past)
warren (alternative)

Dutch: warren

From Old Dutch *werran, from Proto-West Germanic *werran.

(transitive) to tangle, to bring into disarray

(intransitive) to damage, to harm [with dative]


dinsen

dinsen (infinitive)
dinsens (genitive infinitive)
dinsene (dative infinitive)
dinse (first-person present singular)
dans (first-person past singular)
dins (present second-person singular)
dinses (present second-person singular)
dons (past second-person singular)
donses (past second-person singular)
dinst (present singular third-person)
dinset (present singular third-person)
dans (past singular third-person)
dinsen (first-person plural present)
donsen (first-person past plural)
dinst (plural present second-person)
dinset (plural present second-person)
donst (past plural second-person)
donset (past plural second-person)
dinsen (plural present third-person)
donsen (past plural third-person)
donse (first-person past singular)
dinse (present singular third-person)
donse (past singular third-person)
dins (present singular)
dinse (present singular)
dinst (plural present)
dinset (plural present)
dinsende (participle present)
gedonsen (participle past)

From Old Dutch thinsan, from Proto-Germanic *þinsaną.


derschen

derschen (infinitive)
derschens (genitive infinitive)
derschene (dative infinitive)
dersche (first-person present singular)
darsch (first-person past singular)
derschs (present second-person singular)
dersches (present second-person singular)
dorschs (past second-person singular)
dorsches (past second-person singular)
derscht (present singular third-person)
derschet (present singular third-person)
darsch (past singular third-person)
derschen (first-person plural present)
dorschen (first-person past plural)
derscht (plural present second-person)
derschet (plural present second-person)
dorscht (past plural second-person)
dorschet (past plural second-person)
derschen (plural present third-person)
dorschen (past plural third-person)
dorsche (first-person past singular)
dersche (present singular third-person)
dorsche (past singular third-person)
dersch (present singular)
dersche (present singular)
derscht (plural present)
derschet (plural present)
derschende (participle present)
gedorschen (participle past)
darschen (alternative)
dorschen (alternative)

desctree

Dutch: dorsen, dorschen (obsolete spelling), derschen (obsolete)
Afrikaans: dors

From Old Dutch *threscan, from Proto-Germanic *þreskaną.


bedecken

Dutch: bedekken

Limburgish: bedèkke

From Old Dutch bithekken, from Proto-West Germanic *biþakkjan. Equivalent to be- + decken.


wallen

Dutch: wallen

From Old Dutch wallan, from Proto-West Germanic *wallan, from Proto-Germanic *wallaną.


belgen

belgen (infinitive)
belgens (genitive infinitive)
belgene (dative infinitive)
belge (first-person present singular)
balch (first-person past singular)
belchs (present second-person singular)
belges (present second-person singular)
bolchs (past second-person singular)
bolges (past second-person singular)
belcht (present singular third-person)
belget (present singular third-person)
balch (past singular third-person)
belgen (first-person plural present)
bolgen (first-person past plural)
belcht (plural present second-person)
belget (plural present second-person)
bolcht (past plural second-person)
bolget (past plural second-person)
belgen (plural present third-person)
bolgen (past plural third-person)
bolge (first-person past singular)
belge (present singular third-person)
bolge (past singular third-person)
belch (present singular)
belge (present singular)
belcht (plural present)
belget (plural present)
belgende (participle present)
gebolgen (participle past)

Dutch: belgen

From Old Dutch belgan, from Proto-Germanic *belganą.


honen

hônen (canonical)
hônen (infinitive)
hônens (genitive infinitive)
hônene (dative infinitive)
hône (first-person present singular)
hôons (present second-person singular)
hônes (present second-person singular)
hôont (present singular third-person)
hônet (present singular third-person)
hônen (first-person plural present)
hôont (plural present second-person)
hônet (plural present second-person)
hônen (plural present third-person)
hône (present singular third-person)
hôon (present singular)
hône (present singular)
hôont (plural present)
hônet (plural present)
hônende (participle present)

Dutch: honen

Afrikaans: hoon


becomen

Dutch: bekomen

Afrikaans: bekom

Limburgish: bekómme

From Old Dutch bikuman, from Proto-Germanic *bikwemaną. Equivalent to be- + cōmen.


gaet

third-person singular present indicative

second-person plural present indicative/subjunctive


sayen

Dutch: zaaien
Afrikaans: saai
Berbice Creole Dutch: sai
Negerhollands: saai, saey, saej
→ Aukan: sai

Limburgish: zèjje

From Old Dutch *sāien, from Proto-West Germanic *sāan.


roosten

Dutch: roosten

From Old Dutch *rōsten, from Frankish *rōstijan (“to broil, roast”), from Proto-West Germanic *raustijan.


maecte

first/third-person singular past indicative/subjunctive of māken


waecte

first/third-person singular past indicative/subjunctive of wāken


vernoyde

first/third-person singular past indicative/subjunctive of vernōyen


vernoyen

Dutch: vernooien

(impersonal or intransitive) to annoy, to bother


volschriven

volscriven (alternative)
vulschriven (alternative)
vulscriven (alternative)

Dutch: volschrijven

(transitive) to describe completely, to the end

(transitive) to finish writing, to write completely


vulscreven

Alternative form of volschrēven; past participle of volschriven


sijt

second-person plural present indicative/subjunctive of sijn

second-person plural present indicative/subjunctive of wēsen


waert

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

second-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of wēsen


waers

second-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of wēsen


ghehoort

Alternative spelling of gehôort; past participle of hôren


quamen

first/third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of cōmen


ghegaen

Alternative spelling of gegâen; past participle of gâen


ghebeden

Alternative spelling of gebēden; past participle of bidden


ghedaen

Alternative spelling of gedāen; past participle of doen


ghewonnen

Alternative spelling of gewonnen; past participle of winnen

Alternative spelling of gewonnen; past participle of gewinnen


gheronnen

Alternative spelling of geronnen; past participle of rinnen


ghestolen

Alternative spelling of gestōlen; past participle of stēlen


gheleert

Alternative spelling of gelêert; past participle of lêren


gheloghen

Alternative spelling of gelōgen; past participle of liegen


ghewan

Alternative spelling of gewan; first/third-person singular past indicative of gewinnen


gheboden

Alternative spelling of gebōden; past participle of bieden


ghebeten

Alternative spelling of gebēten; past participle of biten


ghescreven

Alternative spelling of geschrēven; past participle of schriven


ghecropen

Alternative spelling of gecrōpen; past participle of crupen


ghemaect

Alternative spelling of gemāect; past participle of māken


segge

first-person singular present indicative

first/third-person singular present subjunctive


souden

first/third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of sullen


haddet

second-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of hebben


hoert

Alternative spelling of hôort; inflection of hôren:

third-person singular present indicative

second-person plural present indicative/subjunctive


ghinc

Alternative spelling of ginc; first/third-person singular past indicative of gâen


beghinne

Alternative spelling of beginne; inflection of beginnen:


spranc

first/third-person singular past indicative of springen


verstaen

Dutch: verstaan

Limburgish: verstaon


bevaen

Dutch: bevangen

Limburgish: bevange


sprac

first/third-person singular past indicative of sprēken


verstaet

inflection of verstâen:
plural imperative


verloes

Alternative spelling of verlôos; first/third-person singular past indicative of verliesen


waende

first/third-person singular past indicative/subjunctive of wânen


waende

first/third-person singular past indicative/subjunctive of wānen


misdoen

Dutch: misdoen


mesdaen

Alternative form of misdāen; past participle of misdoen


ontsien

Dutch: ontzien

Limburgish: óntzeen


ontsiet

inflection of ontsien:
plural imperative


ghesciet

Alternative spelling of geschiet; past participle of geschien


ghesciet

Alternative spelling of geschiet; inflection of geschien:


geschien

Dutch: geschieden

Afrikaans: geskied

Limburgish: gesjeeje

From Old Dutch *giskian, from Proto-Germanic *gaskehaną. Equivalent to ge- + schien.


scuwede

Alternative spelling of schuwede; first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of schuwen


clage

first-person singular present indicative

first/third-person singular present subjunctive


clagen

clāgen (canonical)
clāgen (infinitive)
clāgens (genitive infinitive)
clāgene (dative infinitive)
clāge (first-person present singular)
clāechs (present second-person singular)
clāges (present second-person singular)
clāecht (present singular third-person)
clāget (present singular third-person)
clāgen (first-person plural present)
clāecht (plural present second-person)
clāget (plural present second-person)
clāgen (plural present third-person)
clāge (present singular third-person)
clāech (present singular)
clāge (present singular)
clāecht (plural present)
clāget (plural present)
clāgende (participle present)

Dutch: klagen

From Old Dutch clagon, from Proto-West Germanic *klagōn (“to lament, complain”). Equivalent to clāge + -en.


claghene

Alternative spelling of clāgene; dative of clāgen


versamen

Dutch: verzamen


versamet

third-person singular present indicative

second-person plural present indicative/subjunctive

inflection of versāmen:
plural imperative


ghenomen

Alternative spelling of genōmen; past participle of nēmen


geschiet

inflection of geschien:
plural imperative


gewan

first/third-person singular past indicative of gewinnen


ginc

first/third-person singular past indicative of gâen


schude

first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of schuwen


verloos

first/third-person singular past indicative of verliesen


ghinghen

Alternative spelling of gingen; first/third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of gâen


claghede

Alternative spelling of clāgede; first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of clāgen


clagede

first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of clāgen


ghesproken

Alternative spelling of gesprōken; past participle of sprēken


claghet

Alternative spelling of clāget; inflection of clāgen:


slapenden

inflection of slâpende:
masculine accusative/dative singular

inflection of slâpende:
neuter dative singular


stont

first/third-person singular past indicative of stâen


saghen

Alternative spelling of sâgen; first/third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of sien


begonste

first/third-person singular past indicative/subjunctive of beginnen


laghen

Alternative spelling of lâgen; first/third-person plural present indicative/subjunctive of liggen


verhoert

third-person singular present indicative

second-person plural present indicative/subjunctive

inflection of verhoeren:
plural imperative


verhoeren

Dutch: verhoeren


mesvoert

Alternative form of misvoert; past participle of misvoeren


mesvoert

Alternative form of misvoert; inflection of misvoeren:


misvoert

inflection of misvoeren:
plural imperative


beseiken

Dutch: bezeiken


beseekede

Alternative spelling of besêkede; first/third-person singular past indicative/subjunctive of beseiken


besekede

first/third-person singular past indicative/subjunctive of beseiken


hoonde

first/third-person singular past indicative/subjunctive of hônen


ontfaerme

first-person singular present indicative

first/third-person singular present subjunctive

inflection of ontfāermen:
singular imperative


ontfarmen

Dutch: ontfermen

From Old Dutch *intfarmon, with two prefixes ont- and af attached to Proto-West Germanic *armēn.

(sometimes reflexive) to have/show compassion, pity [with genitive ‘for’]


ontvaen

Dutch: ontvangen

Limburgish: óntvange


ontfaren

Dutch: ontvaren

to leave, to depart, to go away [with dative ‘from’]


ontfoer

first/third-person singular past indicative of ontfāren


ontfinc

first/third-person singular past indicative of ontvâen


blayen

Dutch: blaaien (obsolete)

From Old Dutch *blāien, from Proto-West Germanic *blāan.


bloeyen

Dutch: bloeien
Afrikaans: bloei

Limburgish: blöjje


broeyen

Dutch: broeien

Afrikaans: broei

→ Old French: esbroer

French: ébrouer

From Old Dutch *bruoien, from Proto-Germanic *brōaną.


vouden

Dutch: vouwen

Limburgish: vaaje

From Old Dutch *faldan, from Proto-Germanic *falþaną.


vloeyen

Dutch: vloeien

Limburgish: vlöjje

From Old Dutch *fluoien, from Proto-West Germanic *flōan, from Proto-Germanic *flōaną.


vresen

Dutch: vrezen

Limburgish: vrieëze, vreize

From Old Dutch *frēson, from Proto-Germanic *fraisōną.


gloeyen

Dutch: gloeien
Afrikaans: gloei

Limburgish: glöjje

From Old Dutch *gluoien, from Proto-Germanic *glōaną.


groeyen

Dutch: groeien

Afrikaans: groei

Limburgish: gröjje

From Old Dutch gruoien, from Proto-Germanic *grōaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow, become green”).


loeyen

Dutch: loeien

Afrikaans: loei

From Old Dutch luoien, from Proto-Germanic *hlōaną.


crayen

Dutch: kraaien

From Old Dutch crāien, from Proto-West Germanic *krāan (“to crow, shout”).


nayen

Dutch: naaien

Limburgish: nejje

From Old Dutch *nāien, from Proto-Germanic *nēaną.


roeyen

desctree

Dutch: roeien
Afrikaans: roei
Negerhollands: roei
→ Virgin Islands Creole: rui (dated)

From Old Dutch *ruoien, from Proto-Germanic *rōaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁-.


wayen

Dutch: waaien

Limburgish: wèjje


drayen

Dutch: draaien

Limburgish: drejje, dreie

From Old Dutch thrāien, from Proto-West Germanic *þrāan, from Proto-Germanic *þrēaną, from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁-.


souten

Dutch: zouten

Limburgish: zate

From Old Dutch *saltan, from Proto-Germanic *saltaną. The verb was originally a class 7 strong verb, but the verb became weak early on and only the strong past participle was preserved.


schroden

Dutch: schrooien

From Old Dutch *scrōdan, from Proto-West Germanic *skraudan.


wasschen

Dutch: wassen

Limburgish: wasje, wesje


vlaen

From Old Dutch *flān, from Proto-Germanic *flahaną.


vervaren

Dutch: vervaren

From Old Dutch farfaran, from Proto-Germanic *frafaraną.


vervaren

Dutch: vervaren


versaken

Dutch: verzaken
Afrikaans: versaak

From Old Dutch farsacan, from Proto-West Germanic *frasakan.


dwaen

From Old Dutch thwān, from Proto-Germanic *þwahaną.


begeten

Limburgish: begaete

From Old Dutch *bigetan, from Proto-Germanic *bigetaną.


cneden

Dutch: kneden

Limburgish: kneide, kneie

From Old Dutch *knedan, from Proto-West Germanic *knedan, from Proto-Germanic *knudaną.


terden

From trēden through metathesis. The inflection was reaccommodated to the new root shape, bringing it into strong class 3 like werden.


behelen

From Old Dutch bihelan. Equivalent to be- + hēlen.


quelen

Dutch: kwelen

→ Middle English: quaylen

English: quail

From Old Dutch *kwelan, from Proto-West Germanic *kwelan.


genemen

genēmen (canonical)
genēmen (infinitive)
genēmens (genitive infinitive)
genēmene (dative infinitive)
genēme (first-person present singular)
genam (first-person past singular)
genēems (present second-person singular)
genēmes (present second-person singular)
genâems (past second-person singular)
genâmes (past second-person singular)
genēemt (present singular third-person)
genēmet (present singular third-person)
genam (past singular third-person)
genēmen (first-person plural present)
genâmen (first-person past plural)
genēemt (plural present second-person)
genēmet (plural present second-person)
genâemt (past plural second-person)
genâmet (past plural second-person)
genēmen (plural present third-person)
genâmen (past plural third-person)
genâme (first-person past singular)
genēme (present singular third-person)
genâme (past singular third-person)
genem (present singular)
genēem (present singular)
genēme (present singular)
genēemt (plural present)
genēmet (plural present)
genēmende (participle present)
genōmen (participle past)

From Old Dutch gineman, from Proto-Germanic *ganemaną. Equivalent to ge- + nēmen.


swinden

Dutch: zwinden


vulschriven

(Flemish) Alternative form of volschriven


ghescreeft

Alternative spelling of geschrēeft; second-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of geschriven


geschreeft

second-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of geschriven


geschreef

first/third-person singular past indicative of geschriven


verswigen

Dutch: verzwijgen


zanc

Alternative spelling of sanc; first/third-person singular past indicative of sinken


zanc

Alternative spelling of sanc; first/third-person singular past indicative of singen


segghene

Alternative spelling of seggene; dative of seggen


gevet

third-person singular present indicative

second-person plural present indicative/subjunctive


ghevet

Alternative spelling of gēvet; inflection of gēven:


makeden

first/third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of māken


bedroghen

Alternative spelling of bedrōgen; past participle of bedriegen


bedroghen

Alternative spelling of bedrōgen; first/third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of bedriegen


droughen

Alternative spelling of droegen; first/third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of drāgen


drouch

Alternative spelling of droech; first/third-person singular past indicative of drāgen


droech

first/third-person singular past indicative of drāgen


gaeft

second-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of gēven


hinghe

Alternative spelling of hinge; first/third-person singular past subjunctive of hangen


wroughene

Alternative spelling of wroegene; dative of wroegen


zinghene

Alternative spelling of singene; dative of singen


vergheven

Alternative spelling of vergēven; past participle of vergēven


quame

first/third-person singular past subjunctive of cōmen


ombeere

Alternative spelling of ontbēre; first/third-person singular present subjunctive of ontbēren


ghedede

Alternative spelling of gedēde; first/third-person singular past indicative of gedoen


gedede

first/third-person singular past indicative of gedoen


ghelovede

Alternative spelling of gelôvede; first/third-person singular past indicative/subjunctive of gelôven


gelovede

first/third-person singular past indicative/subjunctive of gelôven


wreket

third-person singular present indicative

second-person plural present indicative/subjunctive


ouden

Dutch: ouden (obsolete)

Limburgish: aaje


begonsten

first/third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of beginnen


gheviel

Alternative spelling of geviel; first/third-person singular past indicative of gevallen


geviel

first/third-person singular past indicative of gevallen


tebroken

first/third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of tebrēken


tebreken

From Old Dutch tebrekan. Equivalent to te- + brēken.

to break (laws, promises, commandments etc)


misprisen

Dutch: misprijzen


bewaent

inflection of bewânen:
plural imperative


bewanen

From Old Dutch biwānen. Equivalent to be- + wânen.


misraken

to fail, to not succeed, to turn out bad


zorghet

Alternative spelling of sorget; inflection of sorgen:


maledien

Dutch: maledijen


vermaledien

vermālediën (canonical)
vermālendiën (alternative)

Dutch: vermaledijen


castien

Dutch: kastijden


ghewraken

Alternative spelling of gewrâken; first/third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of gewrēken


gewraken

first/third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of gewrēken


schraven

Unknown. Compare Middle High German schreven (“to scratch”).


verbeet

first/third-person singular past indicative of verbiten


verbiten

Dutch: verbijten


coken

cōken (canonical)
cōken (infinitive)
cōkens (genitive infinitive)
cōkene (dative infinitive)
cōke (first-person present singular)
cōocs (present second-person singular)
cōkes (present second-person singular)
cōoct (present singular third-person)
cōket (present singular third-person)
cōken (first-person plural present)
cōoct (plural present second-person)
cōket (plural present second-person)
cōken (plural present third-person)
cōke (present singular third-person)
cōoc (present singular)
cōke (present singular)
cōoct (plural present)
cōket (plural present)
cōkende (participle present)

desctree

Dutch: koken
Afrikaans: kook
Berbice Creole Dutch: koki
Jersey Dutch: kôke
Negerhollands: kook, kok, kuk
→ Saramaccan: akòkí

Limburgish: kaoke

From Old Dutch *kokon, from Proto-West Germanic *kokōn.


clemmen

clemmen (infinitive)
clemmens (genitive infinitive)
clemmene (dative infinitive)
clemme (first-person present singular)
clems (present second-person singular)
clemmes (present second-person singular)
clemt (present singular third-person)
clemmet (present singular third-person)
clemmen (first-person plural present)
clemt (plural present second-person)
clemmet (plural present second-person)
clemmen (plural present third-person)
clemme (present singular third-person)
clem (present singular)
clemme (present singular)
clemt (plural present)
clemmet (plural present)
clemmende (participle present)

Dutch: klemmen
Afrikaans: klem
→ Papiamentu: klèm

Limburgish: klèmme

From Old Dutch *klemmen, from Proto-West Germanic *klammjan.


crullen

crullen (infinitive)
crullens (genitive infinitive)
crullene (dative infinitive)
crulle (first-person present singular)
cruls (present second-person singular)
crulles (present second-person singular)
crult (present singular third-person)
crullet (present singular third-person)
crullen (first-person plural present)
crult (plural present second-person)
crullet (plural present second-person)
crullen (plural present third-person)
crulle (present singular third-person)
crul (present singular)
crulle (present singular)
crult (plural present)
crullet (plural present)
crullende (participle present)
crollen (alternative)

Dutch: krullen

Limburgish: królle

to curl, to be/make curly (mostly of hair)


cussen

cussen (infinitive)
cussens (genitive infinitive)
cussene (dative infinitive)
cusse (first-person present singular)
cus (present second-person singular)
cusses (present second-person singular)
cust (present singular third-person)
cusset (present singular third-person)
cussen (first-person plural present)
cust (plural present second-person)
cusset (plural present second-person)
cussen (plural present third-person)
cusse (present singular third-person)
cus (present singular)
cusse (present singular)
cust (plural present)
cusset (plural present)
cussende (participle present)

Dutch: kussen
Afrikaans: kus

Limburgish: kösse, kösje

From Old Dutch kussen, from Proto-West Germanic *kussijan.


leghet

Alternative spelling of lēget; third-person singular present indicative of liggen


ghehent

Alternative spelling of geënt; past participle of enden


antworden

antworden (infinitive)
antwordens (genitive infinitive)
antwordene (dative infinitive)
antworde (first-person present singular)
antworts (present second-person singular)
antwordes (present second-person singular)
antwort (present singular third-person)
antwordet (present singular third-person)
antworden (first-person plural present)
antwort (plural present second-person)
antwordet (plural present second-person)
antworden (plural present third-person)
antworde (present singular third-person)
antwort (present singular)
antworde (present singular)
antwort (plural present)
antwordet (plural present)
antwordende (participle present)
antwōorden (alternative)

Dutch: antwoorden

Limburgish: antjwäörje

From Old Dutch antworden, from Proto-Germanic *andawurdijaną.


blusschen

blusschen (infinitive)
blusschens (genitive infinitive)
blusschene (dative infinitive)
blussche (first-person present singular)
bluschs (present second-person singular)
blussches (present second-person singular)
bluscht (present singular third-person)
blusschet (present singular third-person)
blusschen (first-person plural present)
bluscht (plural present second-person)
blusschet (plural present second-person)
blusschen (plural present third-person)
blussche (present singular third-person)
blusch (present singular)
blussche (present singular)
bluscht (plural present)
blusschet (plural present)
blusschende (participle present)
blesschen (alternative)

Dutch: blussen

Limburgish: blösje

desc

→ Middle English: blesshen, bleschen, blessen, blissen

From earlier blesschen. Equivalent to be- + lesschen, but with loss of the unstressed vowel of the unstressed syllable.


lesschen

Dutch: lessen

A merger of two verbs:
* Old Dutch *leskan, from Proto-West Germanic *leskan, a strong verb.
* Old Dutch lesken, from Proto-West Germanic *laskijan, a weak causative of the first.


wisschen

Dutch: wissen

Limburgish: wösje

From Old Dutch *wisken, from Proto-Germanic *wiskijaną.


gebruken

Dutch: gebruiken

Limburgish: gebroeke

From Old Dutch gibrūkan, from Proto-Germanic *gabrūkaną. Equivalent to ge- + bruken.

to have free use of, to have at one's disposal, to reap all the rewards of


gebueren

Dutch: gebeuren

Afrikaans: gebeur

Limburgish: gebäöre

From Old Dutch *giburien, from Proto-Germanic *gaburjaną.


dieden

dieden (infinitive)
diedens (genitive infinitive)
diedene (dative infinitive)
diede (first-person present singular)
diets (present second-person singular)
diedes (present second-person singular)
diet (present singular third-person)
diedet (present singular third-person)
dieden (first-person plural present)
diet (plural present second-person)
diedet (plural present second-person)
dieden (plural present third-person)
diede (present singular third-person)
diet (present singular)
diede (present singular)
diet (plural present)
diedet (plural present)
diedende (participle present)
duden (alternative)

Dutch: duiden

Limburgish: duuje

From Old Dutch *thiuden, from Proto-West Germanic *þiudijan.


draven

desctree

Dutch: draven, (dialectal) drabben
Afrikaans: draf

Limburgish: drave

From Old Dutch *thravon, from Proto-Germanic *þrabōną.


vercopen

Dutch: verkopen

Limburgish: verkoupe

From Old Dutch farkōpon. Equivalent to ver- + côpen.

Ende den scepenen van velseke teuoirst dat der boidin molniser van dalle(m) vercochte den hare henricke van den putte portere van ghint...

1249, Schepenbrief van Bochoute, Velzeke, eastern Flanders:

And to the aldermen of velseke foremost, that the lord Boidin Molniser of Dallem sold to the lord Henrick van den Putte, citizen of Ghent...


enigen

Dutch: enigen (rare)

Limburgish: einige


eischen

êeschen (alternative)
eiscen (alternative)
êscen (alternative)
hêschen (alternative)

Dutch: eisen, eischen (obsolete)
Afrikaans: eis

Limburgish: eisje

From Old Dutch *eiskon, from Proto-West Germanic *aiskōn.


oeven

Limburgish: euve

Dutch: oefenen

From Old Dutch *uoven, from Proto-Germanic *ōbijaną.


heerschen

hêerschen (canonical)
hêerschen (infinitive)
hêerschens (genitive infinitive)
hêerschene (dative infinitive)
hêersche (first-person present singular)
hêerschs (present second-person singular)
hêersches (present second-person singular)
hêerscht (present singular third-person)
hêerschet (present singular third-person)
hêerschen (first-person plural present)
hêerscht (plural present second-person)
hêerschet (plural present second-person)
hêerschen (plural present third-person)
hêersche (present singular third-person)
hêersch (present singular)
hêersche (present singular)
hêerscht (plural present)
hêerschet (plural present)
hêerschende (participle present)

Dutch: heersen

Limburgish: hieërsje

Borrowed from Middle High German hērschen.


vensen

Dutch: veinzen

Borrowed from Latin fingō (“to form, to knead; to feign”).


gomen

gômen (canonical)
gômen (infinitive)
gômens (genitive infinitive)
gômene (dative infinitive)
gôme (first-person present singular)
gôoms (present second-person singular)
gômes (present second-person singular)
gôomt (present singular third-person)
gômet (present singular third-person)
gômen (first-person plural present)
gôomt (plural present second-person)
gômet (plural present second-person)
gômen (plural present third-person)
gôme (present singular third-person)
gôom (present singular)
gôme (present singular)
gôomt (plural present)
gômet (plural present)
gômende (participle present)

From Old Dutch *gōmen, from Proto-Germanic *gaumijaną.


cappen

cappen (infinitive)
cappens (genitive infinitive)
cappene (dative infinitive)
cappe (first-person present singular)
caps (present second-person singular)
cappes (present second-person singular)
capt (present singular third-person)
cappet (present singular third-person)
cappen (first-person plural present)
capt (plural present second-person)
cappet (plural present second-person)
cappen (plural present third-person)
cappe (present singular third-person)
cap (present singular)
cappe (present singular)
capt (plural present)
cappet (plural present)
cappende (participle present)

desctree

Dutch: kappen, kabben
Afrikaans: kap
Berbice Creole Dutch: kapu
Negerhollands: kap, kappen
Skepi Creole Dutch: kap, cap
→ Papiamentu: kap
→ Saterland Frisian: kappe
→ Sranan Tongo: kapu, kappe
→ Caribbean Javanese: kapu, ngapu

Limburgish: kappe

From Old Dutch *kappon, from Proto-West Germanic *kappōn.


kegelen

Dutch: kegelen

Limburgish: kieëgele (suggests a form with ê)


clappen

clappen (infinitive)
clappens (genitive infinitive)
clappene (dative infinitive)
clappe (first-person present singular)
claps (present second-person singular)
clappes (present second-person singular)
clapt (present singular third-person)
clappet (present singular third-person)
clappen (first-person plural present)
clapt (plural present second-person)
clappet (plural present second-person)
clappen (plural present third-person)
clappe (present singular third-person)
clap (present singular)
clappe (present singular)
clapt (plural present)
clappet (plural present)
clappende (participle present)

Dutch: klappen

Limburgish: klappe

From Old Dutch *klappon, from Proto-West Germanic *klappōn.


cleden

clêden (canonical)
clêden (infinitive)
clêdens (genitive infinitive)
clêdene (dative infinitive)
clêde (first-person present singular)
clêets (present second-person singular)
clêdes (present second-person singular)
clêet (present singular third-person)
clêdet (present singular third-person)
clêden (first-person plural present)
clêet (plural present second-person)
clêdet (plural present second-person)
clêden (plural present third-person)
clêde (present singular third-person)
clêet (present singular)
clêde (present singular)
clêet (plural present)
clêdet (plural present)
clêdende (participle present)
cleiden (alternative)

Dutch: kleden

Limburgish: kleie


cleven

Dutch: kleven

Limburgish: kleive

From Old Dutch clivon, from Proto-Germanic *klibāną, from Proto-Indo-European *gleybʰ- (“to stick”). Weak forms are probably influenced by Etymology 2.


clingen

Dutch: klingen, klinken

Afrikaans: klink

→⇒ French: clinquant

→ English: clinquant

Limburgish: klinge, klinke

→ Middle English: clinken

English: clink

Scots: clink

From Old Dutch *clingan, from Proto-Germanic *klinganą.


clingen

clingen (infinitive)
clingens (genitive infinitive)
clingene (dative infinitive)
clinge (first-person present singular)
clincs (present second-person singular)
clinges (present second-person singular)
clinct (present singular third-person)
clinget (present singular third-person)
clingen (first-person plural present)
clinct (plural present second-person)
clinget (plural present second-person)
clingen (plural present third-person)
clinge (present singular third-person)
clinc (present singular)
clinge (present singular)
clinct (plural present)
clinget (plural present)
clingende (participle present)
clinken (alternative)


cloppen

cloppen (infinitive)
cloppens (genitive infinitive)
cloppene (dative infinitive)
cloppe (first-person present singular)
clops (present second-person singular)
cloppes (present second-person singular)
clopt (present singular third-person)
cloppet (present singular third-person)
cloppen (first-person plural present)
clopt (plural present second-person)
cloppet (plural present second-person)
cloppen (plural present third-person)
cloppe (present singular third-person)
clop (present singular)
cloppe (present singular)
clopt (plural present)
cloppet (plural present)
cloppende (participle present)

Dutch: kloppen

Limburgish: klóppe

From Old Dutch *cloppōn, probably onomatopoeic. Cognate with German klopfen and kloppen.

onomatopoeic

onomatopoeic


cnagen

Dutch: knagen

Limburgish: knage

From Old Dutch *gnagan, *knagan, from Proto-West Germanic *gnagan.


cnielen

Dutch: knielen

Limburgish: knele

From Old Dutch *kniolon. Ultimately derived from cnie, but the source of the l is unknown.


cnopen

cnôpen (canonical)
cnôpen (infinitive)
cnôpens (genitive infinitive)
cnôpene (dative infinitive)
cnôpe (first-person present singular)
cnôops (present second-person singular)
cnôpes (present second-person singular)
cnôopt (present singular third-person)
cnôpet (present singular third-person)
cnôpen (first-person plural present)
cnôopt (plural present second-person)
cnôpet (plural present second-person)
cnôpen (plural present third-person)
cnôpe (present singular third-person)
cnôop (present singular)
cnôpe (present singular)
cnôopt (plural present)
cnôpet (plural present)
cnôpende (participle present)

Dutch: knopen

Limburgish: knöjpe


craken

crāken (canonical)
crāken (infinitive)
crākens (genitive infinitive)
crākene (dative infinitive)
crāke (first-person present singular)
crāecs (present second-person singular)
crākes (present second-person singular)
crāect (present singular third-person)
crāket (present singular third-person)
crāken (first-person plural present)
crāect (plural present second-person)
crāket (plural present second-person)
crāken (plural present third-person)
crāke (present singular third-person)
crāec (present singular)
crāke (present singular)
crāect (plural present)
crāket (plural present)
crākende (participle present)

Dutch: kraken

Limburgish: krake, kraeke (< *krēken?)

→ Middle French: craquer

French: craquer

From Old Dutch *krakon, from Proto-Germanic *krakōną.


crommen

crommen (infinitive)
crommens (genitive infinitive)
crommene (dative infinitive)
cromme (first-person present singular)
croms (present second-person singular)
crommes (present second-person singular)
cromt (present singular third-person)
crommet (present singular third-person)
crommen (first-person plural present)
cromt (plural present second-person)
crommet (plural present second-person)
crommen (plural present third-person)
cromme (present singular third-person)
crom (present singular)
cromme (present singular)
cromt (plural present)
crommet (plural present)
crommende (participle present)

Dutch: krommen

Limburgish: krómpe


cumen

cumen (infinitive)
cumens (genitive infinitive)
cumene (dative infinitive)
cume (first-person present singular)
cuums (present second-person singular)
cumes (present second-person singular)
cuumt (present singular third-person)
cumet (present singular third-person)
cumen (first-person plural present)
cuumt (plural present second-person)
cumet (plural present second-person)
cumen (plural present third-person)
cume (present singular third-person)
cuum (present singular)
cume (present singular)
cuumt (plural present)
cumet (plural present)
cumende (participle present)

Dutch: kuimen

Limburgish: kume

From Old Dutch *kūmen, from Proto-Germanic *kūmijaną.


conden

conden (infinitive)
condens (genitive infinitive)
condene (dative infinitive)
conde (first-person present singular)
conts (present second-person singular)
condes (present second-person singular)
cont (present singular third-person)
condet (present singular third-person)
conden (first-person plural present)
cont (plural present second-person)
condet (plural present second-person)
conden (plural present third-person)
conde (present singular third-person)
cont (present singular)
conde (present singular)
cont (plural present)
condet (plural present)
condende (participle present)
cunden (alternative)

Dutch: konden

From Old Dutch cunden, from Proto-Germanic *kunþijaną.


luusteren

Dutch: luisteren
Afrikaans: luister

Limburgish: loestere

From Old Dutch *lūsteron, from Proto-West Germanic *hlūstrēn, frequentative of *hlūstaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew- (“to hear”).


loyen

Dutch: looien

Limburgish: löjje, loeaje

From Old Dutch *lōien, from Proto-Germanic *lawjaną.


moeyen

Dutch: moeien

Limburgish: möjje

From Old Dutch *muoien, from Proto-West Germanic *mōjan, from Proto-Germanic *mōjaną.


nipen

nipen (infinitive)
nipens (genitive infinitive)
nipene (dative infinitive)
nipe (first-person present singular)
nêep (first-person past singular)
nijps (present second-person singular)
nipes (present second-person singular)
nēeps (past second-person singular)
nēpes (past second-person singular)
nijpt (present singular third-person)
nipet (present singular third-person)
nêep (past singular third-person)
nipen (first-person plural present)
nēpen (first-person past plural)
nijpt (plural present second-person)
nipet (plural present second-person)
nēept (past plural second-person)
nēpet (past plural second-person)
nipen (plural present third-person)
nēpen (past plural third-person)
nēpe (first-person past singular)
nipe (present singular third-person)
nēpe (past singular third-person)
nijp (present singular)
nipe (present singular)
nijpt (plural present)
nipet (plural present)
nipende (participle present)
genēpen (participle past)

Dutch: nijpen

Limburgish: niepe

From Old Dutch *nīpan, from Proto-West Germanic *hnīpan.


argeren

Dutch: ergeren

Limburgish: èrgere


rucken

Dutch: rukken

Limburgish: rökke

From Old Dutch *rukken, from Proto-Germanic *rukkijaną.


schricken

Dutch: schrikken

Limburgish: sjrikke

From Old Dutch *skrikken, from Proto-Germanic *skrikjaną.


spoeden

Dutch: spoeden

Afrikaans: spoed

Limburgish: spooje


sproeyen

Dutch: sproeien

Limburgish: spröjje

Likely from the same origin as spreiden (“to spread”).


twivelen

Dutch: twijfelen

Limburgish: twiefele

From Old Dutch twīvalen. Equivalent to twivel + -en.


varwen

vāerwen (alternative)
verwen (alternative)

Dutch: verven

Limburgish: varve


visschen

desctree

Dutch: vissen
Afrikaans: vis
Jersey Dutch: fässe
Negerhollands: fes, fis
→? Sranan Tongo: fisi
→ Lokono: fishidin

Limburgish: vèsse, visje, vèsje, vösje

From Old Dutch *fiscon, from Proto-Germanic *fiskōną. Equivalent to visch + -en.


vulen

Dutch: vuilen

Limburgish: voele

From Old Dutch *fūlen, from Proto-West Germanic *fūlijan.


waernen

wāernen (canonical)
wāren (alternative)
warnen (alternative)

Dutch: waarnen (obsolete)

Limburgish: warne

From Old Dutch *warnon, from Proto-Germanic *warnōną.

to equip, to provide with what is needed