crimpen

crimpen (infinitive)
crimpens (genitive infinitive)
crimpene (dative infinitive)
crimpe (first-person indicative present singular)
cramp (first-person indicative past singular)
crimpe (first-person present singular subjunctive)
crompe (first-person past singular subjunctive)
crimps (indicative present second-person singular)
crimpes (indicative present second-person singular)
cromps (indicative past second-person singular)
crompes (indicative past second-person singular)
crimps (present second-person singular subjunctive)
crimpes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
crompes (past second-person singular subjunctive)
crimpt (indicative present singular third-person)
crimpet (indicative present singular third-person)
cramp (indicative past singular third-person)
crimpe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
crompe (past singular subjunctive third-person)
crimpen (first-person indicative plural present)
crompen (first-person indicative past plural)
crimpen (first-person plural present subjunctive)
crompen (first-person past plural subjunctive)
crimpt (indicative plural present second-person)
crimpet (indicative plural present second-person)
crompt (indicative past plural second-person)
crompet (indicative past plural second-person)
crimpt (plural present second-person subjunctive)
crimpet (plural present second-person subjunctive)
crompet (past plural second-person subjunctive)
crimpen (indicative plural present third-person)
crompen (indicative past plural third-person)
crimpen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
crompen (past plural subjunctive third-person)
crimp (imperative indicative present singular)
crimpe (imperative indicative present singular)
crimpt (imperative indicative plural present)
crimpet (imperative indicative plural present)
crimpende (imperative participle present)
gecrompen (imperative participle past)
crempen (alternative)

Dutch: krimpen

Afrikaans: krimp

Limburgish: krömpe

From Old Dutch *crimpan, from Proto-Germanic *krimpaną.


cringen

cringen (infinitive)
cringens (genitive infinitive)
cringene (dative infinitive)
cringe (first-person indicative present singular)
cranc (first-person indicative past singular)
cringe (first-person present singular subjunctive)
cronge (first-person past singular subjunctive)
crincs (indicative present second-person singular)
cringes (indicative present second-person singular)
croncs (indicative past second-person singular)
cronges (indicative past second-person singular)
crincs (present second-person singular subjunctive)
cringes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
cronges (past second-person singular subjunctive)
crinct (indicative present singular third-person)
cringet (indicative present singular third-person)
cranc (indicative past singular third-person)
cringe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
cronge (past singular subjunctive third-person)
cringen (first-person indicative plural present)
crongen (first-person indicative past plural)
cringen (first-person plural present subjunctive)
crongen (first-person past plural subjunctive)
crinct (indicative plural present second-person)
cringet (indicative plural present second-person)
cronct (indicative past plural second-person)
cronget (indicative past plural second-person)
crinct (plural present second-person subjunctive)
cringet (plural present second-person subjunctive)
cronget (past plural second-person subjunctive)
cringen (indicative plural present third-person)
crongen (indicative past plural third-person)
cringen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
crongen (past plural subjunctive third-person)
crinc (imperative indicative present singular)
cringe (imperative indicative present singular)
crinct (imperative indicative plural present)
cringet (imperative indicative plural present)
cringende (imperative participle present)
gecrongen (imperative participle past)

From Old Dutch *kringan, from Proto-Germanic *kringaną.

(intransitive) to turn oneself (in a direction)


swelgen

swelgen (infinitive)
swelgens (genitive infinitive)
swelgene (dative infinitive)
swelge (first-person indicative present singular)
swalch (first-person indicative past singular)
swelge (first-person present singular subjunctive)
swolge (first-person past singular subjunctive)
swelchs (indicative present second-person singular)
swelges (indicative present second-person singular)
swolchs (indicative past second-person singular)
swolges (indicative past second-person singular)
swelchs (present second-person singular subjunctive)
swelges (present second-person singular subjunctive)
swolges (past second-person singular subjunctive)
swelcht (indicative present singular third-person)
swelget (indicative present singular third-person)
swalch (indicative past singular third-person)
swelge (present singular subjunctive third-person)
swolge (past singular subjunctive third-person)
swelgen (first-person indicative plural present)
swolgen (first-person indicative past plural)
swelgen (first-person plural present subjunctive)
swolgen (first-person past plural subjunctive)
swelcht (indicative plural present second-person)
swelget (indicative plural present second-person)
swolcht (indicative past plural second-person)
swolget (indicative past plural second-person)
swelcht (plural present second-person subjunctive)
swelget (plural present second-person subjunctive)
swolget (past plural second-person subjunctive)
swelgen (indicative plural present third-person)
swolgen (indicative past plural third-person)
swelgen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
swolgen (past plural subjunctive third-person)
swelch (imperative indicative present singular)
swelge (imperative indicative present singular)
swelcht (imperative indicative plural present)
swelget (imperative indicative plural present)
swelgende (imperative participle present)
geswolgen (imperative participle past)

Dutch: zwelgen

From Old Dutch *swelgan, from Proto-Germanic *swelganą.


swelten

swelten (infinitive)
sweltens (genitive infinitive)
sweltene (dative infinitive)
swelte (first-person indicative present singular)
swalt (first-person indicative past singular)
swelte (first-person present singular subjunctive)
swolte (first-person past singular subjunctive)
swelts (indicative present second-person singular)
sweltes (indicative present second-person singular)
swolts (indicative past second-person singular)
swoltes (indicative past second-person singular)
swelts (present second-person singular subjunctive)
sweltes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
swoltes (past second-person singular subjunctive)
swelt (indicative present singular third-person)
sweltet (indicative present singular third-person)
swalt (indicative past singular third-person)
swelte (present singular subjunctive third-person)
swolte (past singular subjunctive third-person)
swelten (first-person indicative plural present)
swolten (first-person indicative past plural)
swelten (first-person plural present subjunctive)
swolten (first-person past plural subjunctive)
swelt (indicative plural present second-person)
sweltet (indicative plural present second-person)
swolt (indicative past plural second-person)
swoltet (indicative past plural second-person)
swelt (plural present second-person subjunctive)
sweltet (plural present second-person subjunctive)
swoltet (past plural second-person subjunctive)
swelten (indicative plural present third-person)
swolten (indicative past plural third-person)
swelten (plural present subjunctive third-person)
swolten (past plural subjunctive third-person)
swelt (imperative indicative present singular)
swelte (imperative indicative present singular)
swelt (imperative indicative plural present)
sweltet (imperative indicative plural present)
sweltende (imperative participle present)
geswolten (imperative participle past)

Dutch: zwelten

From Old Dutch *sweltan, from Proto-West Germanic *sweltan, from Proto-Germanic *sweltaną.


swemmen

swemmen (infinitive)
swemmens (genitive infinitive)
swemmene (dative infinitive)
swemme (first-person indicative present singular)
swam (first-person indicative past singular)
swemme (first-person present singular subjunctive)
swomme (first-person past singular subjunctive)
swems (indicative present second-person singular)
swemmes (indicative present second-person singular)
swoms (indicative past second-person singular)
swommes (indicative past second-person singular)
swems (present second-person singular subjunctive)
swemmes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
swommes (past second-person singular subjunctive)
swemt (indicative present singular third-person)
swemmet (indicative present singular third-person)
swam (indicative past singular third-person)
swemme (present singular subjunctive third-person)
swomme (past singular subjunctive third-person)
swemmen (first-person indicative plural present)
swommen (first-person indicative past plural)
swemmen (first-person plural present subjunctive)
swommen (first-person past plural subjunctive)
swemt (indicative plural present second-person)
swemmet (indicative plural present second-person)
swomt (indicative past plural second-person)
swommet (indicative past plural second-person)
swemt (plural present second-person subjunctive)
swemmet (plural present second-person subjunctive)
swommet (past plural second-person subjunctive)
swemmen (indicative plural present third-person)
swommen (indicative past plural third-person)
swemmen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
swommen (past plural subjunctive third-person)
swem (imperative indicative present singular)
swemme (imperative indicative present singular)
swemt (imperative indicative plural present)
swemmet (imperative indicative plural present)
swemmende (imperative participle present)
geswommen (imperative participle past)
swemmen (infinitive)
swemmens (genitive infinitive)
swemmene (dative infinitive)
swemme (first-person indicative present singular)
swemme (first-person present singular subjunctive)
swems (indicative present second-person singular)
swemmes (indicative present second-person singular)
swems (present second-person singular subjunctive)
swemmes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
swemt (indicative present singular third-person)
swemmet (indicative present singular third-person)
swemme (present singular subjunctive third-person)
swemmen (first-person indicative plural present)
swemmen (first-person plural present subjunctive)
swemt (indicative plural present second-person)
swemmet (indicative plural present second-person)
swemt (plural present second-person subjunctive)
swemmet (plural present second-person subjunctive)
swemmen (indicative plural present third-person)
swemmen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
swem (imperative indicative present singular)
swemme (imperative indicative present singular)
swemt (imperative indicative plural present)
swemmet (imperative indicative plural present)
swemmende (imperative participle present)
swimmen (alternative)

Dutch: zwemmen

Limburgish: zwömme

From Old Dutch *swimman, from Proto-Germanic *swimmaną.

(intransitive, figuratively) to overflow, to have (a thing or feeling) in abundance


swingen

swingen (infinitive)
swingens (genitive infinitive)
swingene (dative infinitive)
swinge (first-person indicative present singular)
swanc (first-person indicative past singular)
swinge (first-person present singular subjunctive)
swonge (first-person past singular subjunctive)
swincs (indicative present second-person singular)
swinges (indicative present second-person singular)
swoncs (indicative past second-person singular)
swonges (indicative past second-person singular)
swincs (present second-person singular subjunctive)
swinges (present second-person singular subjunctive)
swonges (past second-person singular subjunctive)
swinct (indicative present singular third-person)
swinget (indicative present singular third-person)
swanc (indicative past singular third-person)
swinge (present singular subjunctive third-person)
swonge (past singular subjunctive third-person)
swingen (first-person indicative plural present)
swongen (first-person indicative past plural)
swingen (first-person plural present subjunctive)
swongen (first-person past plural subjunctive)
swinct (indicative plural present second-person)
swinget (indicative plural present second-person)
swonct (indicative past plural second-person)
swonget (indicative past plural second-person)
swinct (plural present second-person subjunctive)
swinget (plural present second-person subjunctive)
swonget (past plural second-person subjunctive)
swingen (indicative plural present third-person)
swongen (indicative past plural third-person)
swingen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
swongen (past plural subjunctive third-person)
swinc (imperative indicative present singular)
swinge (imperative indicative present singular)
swinct (imperative indicative plural present)
swinget (imperative indicative plural present)
swingende (imperative participle present)
geswongen (imperative participle past)

Dutch: zwingen

Limburgish: zwinge

From Old Dutch *swingan, from Proto-West Germanic *swingan (“to swing”).


werren

werren (infinitive)
werrens (genitive infinitive)
werrene (dative infinitive)
werre (first-person indicative present singular)
war (first-person indicative past singular)
werre (first-person present singular subjunctive)
worre (first-person past singular subjunctive)
wers (indicative present second-person singular)
werres (indicative present second-person singular)
wors (indicative past second-person singular)
worres (indicative past second-person singular)
wers (present second-person singular subjunctive)
werres (present second-person singular subjunctive)
worres (past second-person singular subjunctive)
wert (indicative present singular third-person)
werret (indicative present singular third-person)
war (indicative past singular third-person)
werre (present singular subjunctive third-person)
worre (past singular subjunctive third-person)
werren (first-person indicative plural present)
worren (first-person indicative past plural)
werren (first-person plural present subjunctive)
worren (first-person past plural subjunctive)
wert (indicative plural present second-person)
werret (indicative plural present second-person)
wort (indicative past plural second-person)
worret (indicative past plural second-person)
wert (plural present second-person subjunctive)
werret (plural present second-person subjunctive)
worret (past plural second-person subjunctive)
werren (indicative plural present third-person)
worren (indicative past plural third-person)
werren (plural present subjunctive third-person)
worren (past plural subjunctive third-person)
wer (imperative indicative present singular)
werre (imperative indicative present singular)
wert (imperative indicative plural present)
werret (imperative indicative plural present)
werrende (imperative participle present)
geworren (imperative participle past)
warren (alternative)

Dutch: warren

From Old Dutch *werran, from Proto-West Germanic *werran.

(transitive) to tangle, to bring into disarray

(intransitive) to damage, to harm [with dative]


dinsen

dinsen (infinitive)
dinsens (genitive infinitive)
dinsene (dative infinitive)
dinse (first-person indicative present singular)
dans (first-person indicative past singular)
dinse (first-person present singular subjunctive)
donse (first-person past singular subjunctive)
dins (indicative present second-person singular)
dinses (indicative present second-person singular)
dons (indicative past second-person singular)
donses (indicative past second-person singular)
dins (present second-person singular subjunctive)
dinses (present second-person singular subjunctive)
donses (past second-person singular subjunctive)
dinst (indicative present singular third-person)
dinset (indicative present singular third-person)
dans (indicative past singular third-person)
dinse (present singular subjunctive third-person)
donse (past singular subjunctive third-person)
dinsen (first-person indicative plural present)
donsen (first-person indicative past plural)
dinsen (first-person plural present subjunctive)
donsen (first-person past plural subjunctive)
dinst (indicative plural present second-person)
dinset (indicative plural present second-person)
donst (indicative past plural second-person)
donset (indicative past plural second-person)
dinst (plural present second-person subjunctive)
dinset (plural present second-person subjunctive)
donset (past plural second-person subjunctive)
dinsen (indicative plural present third-person)
donsen (indicative past plural third-person)
dinsen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
donsen (past plural subjunctive third-person)
dins (imperative indicative present singular)
dinse (imperative indicative present singular)
dinst (imperative indicative plural present)
dinset (imperative indicative plural present)
dinsende (imperative participle present)
gedonsen (imperative participle past)

From Old Dutch thinsan, from Proto-Germanic *þinsaną.


derschen

derschen (infinitive)
derschens (genitive infinitive)
derschene (dative infinitive)
dersche (first-person indicative present singular)
darsch (first-person indicative past singular)
dersche (first-person present singular subjunctive)
dorsche (first-person past singular subjunctive)
derschs (indicative present second-person singular)
dersches (indicative present second-person singular)
dorschs (indicative past second-person singular)
dorsches (indicative past second-person singular)
derschs (present second-person singular subjunctive)
dersches (present second-person singular subjunctive)
dorsches (past second-person singular subjunctive)
derscht (indicative present singular third-person)
derschet (indicative present singular third-person)
darsch (indicative past singular third-person)
dersche (present singular subjunctive third-person)
dorsche (past singular subjunctive third-person)
derschen (first-person indicative plural present)
dorschen (first-person indicative past plural)
derschen (first-person plural present subjunctive)
dorschen (first-person past plural subjunctive)
derscht (indicative plural present second-person)
derschet (indicative plural present second-person)
dorscht (indicative past plural second-person)
dorschet (indicative past plural second-person)
derscht (plural present second-person subjunctive)
derschet (plural present second-person subjunctive)
dorschet (past plural second-person subjunctive)
derschen (indicative plural present third-person)
dorschen (indicative past plural third-person)
derschen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
dorschen (past plural subjunctive third-person)
dersch (imperative indicative present singular)
dersche (imperative indicative present singular)
derscht (imperative indicative plural present)
derschet (imperative indicative plural present)
derschende (imperative participle present)
gedorschen (imperative participle past)
darschen (alternative)
dorschen (alternative)

desctree

Dutch: dorsen, dorschen (obsolete spelling), derschen (obsolete)
Afrikaans: dors

From Old Dutch *threscan, from Proto-Germanic *þreskaną.


muus

Dutch: muis
Afrikaans: muis
Jersey Dutch: mäus
Negerhollands: mischi, miśi, muśi
→ Caribbean Hindustani: mus
→ Sranan Tongo: moismoisi

Limburgish: moes

From Old Dutch *mūs, from Proto-West Germanic *mūs, from Proto-Germanic *mūs.


bedecken

Dutch: bedekken

Limburgish: bedèkke

From Old Dutch bithekken, from Proto-West Germanic *biþakkjan. Equivalent to be- + decken.


soom

Dutch: zoom

From Old Dutch *sōm, from Proto-West Germanic *saum, from Proto-Germanic *saumaz.


Bergen op den Soom

Bergen op den Sôom (canonical)
Bergen (alternative)
Berghen (alternative)
Barghen (alternative)
Berge (alternative)
Berghe (alternative)
Berg (alternative)
Bergen an den Soom (alternative)
Bergen an den Zoem (alternative)
Berghen aen den Zoem (alternative)
Berghen an den Soem (alternative)
Berghen an den Zoem (alternative)
Berghen an den Zoom (alternative)
Berghen op den Zoem (alternative)
Berghen opten Soem (alternative)
Berghen opten Zoem (alternative)
Berghen opten Zoom (alternative)
Bergen op den Zoem (alternative)
Bergen op den Zoom (alternative)
Bergen opten Zoem (alternative)
Berghen up den Soem (alternative)
Berghen up den Zoem (alternative)
Berghen vp den Zoem (alternative)
Bergen op Zoem (alternative)

Dutch: Bergen op Zoom

Bergen op Zoom (a city in the modern Netherlands)


wallen

Dutch: wallen

From Old Dutch wallan, from Proto-West Germanic *wallan, from Proto-Germanic *wallaną.


reke

West Flemish: reke

From Old Dutch *recken, from Proto-West Germanic *rakkjan (“to straighten”). Related to modern rak (“to stretch”).


reke

From Old Dutch *reko, from Proto-Germanic *rekô.


tachtich

desctree

Dutch: tachtig
Afrikaans: tagtig
Jersey Dutch: tâxentix
Negerhollands: achtig, tachentig, tagentig

Limburgish: achtig

from Old Dutch *antahtoda, *ahtodig, *antahtodig, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōhunda, *ahtōtēhunda.


twintich

Dutch: twintig
Afrikaans: twintig
Berbice Creole Dutch: twentiki
Jersey Dutch: twäntix
Negerhollands: twentig, twintig
→ Wayana: twentëk

Limburgish: twintjig, twèntjig

Zealandic: twintig

from Old Dutch *twēntig, from Proto-Germanic *twai tigiwiz.


scharp

scharp (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
scharpe (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
scharp (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
scharpe (indefinite nominative plural)
scharpe (definite masculine nominative singular)
scharpe (definite feminine nominative singular)
scharpen (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
scharpe (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
scharp (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
scharpe (accusative indefinite plural)
scharpe (accusative definite masculine singular)
scharps (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
scharper (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
scharps (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
scharper (genitive indefinite plural)
scharps (definite genitive masculine singular)
scharpen (definite genitive masculine singular)
scharps (definite feminine genitive singular)
scharpen (definite feminine genitive singular)
scharpen (dative masculine singular)
scharper (dative feminine singular)
scharpen (dative neuter singular)
scharpen (dative plural)
scherp (alternative)
schāerp (alternative)

Dutch: scherp
Afrikaans: skerp
Berbice Creole Dutch: skarpu
Negerhollands: skerp
Skepi Creole Dutch: skarp
→ Papiamentu: skèrpi, skerpi, scherpi
→? Sranan Tongo: srapu
→ Saramaccan: saápu

Limburgish: sjèrp

From Old Dutch skarp, from Proto-West Germanic *skarp.


visch

visch (nominative singular)
vische (nominative plural)
visch (accusative singular)
vische (accusative plural)
visches (genitive singular)
vische (genitive plural)
vische (dative singular)
vischen (dative plural)
visc (alternative)
vis (alternative)
vesch (alternative)
fisch (alternative)
fisc (alternative)

Dutch: vis, visch (before 1934)
Afrikaans: vis
Berbice Creole Dutch: fesi
Jersey Dutch: väśe
Negerhollands: visch, vesch, fes, fis, vis
→ Virgin Islands Creole: fis (dated)
Skepi Creole Dutch: fesi, fisse, fiche
Petjo: fis
→? Aukan: fisi

Limburgish: visj, vèsj

West Flemish: vissch

From Old Dutch fisc, from Proto-West Germanic *fisk, from Proto-Germanic *fiskaz, from Proto-Indo-European *peysk-.


swager

Dutch: zwager
Afrikaans: swaer
Berbice Creole Dutch: swagri
Negerhollands: swaeger
→ Papiamentu: swa, sua
→ Dutch: swa
→ Sranan Tongo: swagri
→ Aukan: swagi
→ Caribbean Javanese: swagri
→ Saramaccan: suwági

Limburgish: zwaoger

From Old Dutch *swāgar, from Proto-West Germanic *swāgr, from Proto-Germanic *swēgraz.


onger

Dutch: Honger, Onger


edic

Dutch: edik

Afrikaans: edik

Limburgish: aek

From Old Dutch etig, from Proto-West Germanic *atek, metathesized variant of *aket, from Latin acētum, with metathesis.


eene

inflection of êen:
feminine nominative/accusative singular

inflection of êen:
nominative/accusative plural


malcander

manlijc ander
manlijc ander#Middle_Dutch


manlijc ander

mallijc ander (alternative)
mallic ander (alternative)
mallicander (alternative)
mallecander (alternative)
malcander (alternative)
melcander (alternative)


belgen

belgen (infinitive)
belgens (genitive infinitive)
belgene (dative infinitive)
belge (first-person indicative present singular)
balch (first-person indicative past singular)
belge (first-person present singular subjunctive)
bolge (first-person past singular subjunctive)
belchs (indicative present second-person singular)
belges (indicative present second-person singular)
bolchs (indicative past second-person singular)
bolges (indicative past second-person singular)
belchs (present second-person singular subjunctive)
belges (present second-person singular subjunctive)
bolges (past second-person singular subjunctive)
belcht (indicative present singular third-person)
belget (indicative present singular third-person)
balch (indicative past singular third-person)
belge (present singular subjunctive third-person)
bolge (past singular subjunctive third-person)
belgen (first-person indicative plural present)
bolgen (first-person indicative past plural)
belgen (first-person plural present subjunctive)
bolgen (first-person past plural subjunctive)
belcht (indicative plural present second-person)
belget (indicative plural present second-person)
bolcht (indicative past plural second-person)
bolget (indicative past plural second-person)
belcht (plural present second-person subjunctive)
belget (plural present second-person subjunctive)
bolget (past plural second-person subjunctive)
belgen (indicative plural present third-person)
bolgen (indicative past plural third-person)
belgen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
bolgen (past plural subjunctive third-person)
belch (imperative indicative present singular)
belge (imperative indicative present singular)
belcht (imperative indicative plural present)
belget (imperative indicative plural present)
belgende (imperative participle present)
gebolgen (imperative participle past)

Dutch: belgen

From Old Dutch belgan, from Proto-Germanic *belganą.


hont

Dutch: hond
Afrikaans: hond
Berbice Creole Dutch: hondo
Jersey Dutch: hônt
Negerhollands: hond, hon, hont, hun
→ Virgin Islands Creole: hont (dated)

Limburgish: hóndj

(derogatory) despicable, worthless person


hont

Dutch: hond, hont

From Old Dutch *hunt (“hundred”), from Proto-Germanic *hundą, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.

an area of 100 square rods, approximately 0.14 hectares or 1400 m²


valsch

valsch (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
valsche (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
valsch (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
valsche (indefinite nominative plural)
valsche (definite masculine nominative singular)
valsche (definite feminine nominative singular)
valschen (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
valsche (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
valsch (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
valsche (accusative indefinite plural)
valsche (accusative definite masculine singular)
valsch (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
valscher (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
valsch (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
valscher (genitive indefinite plural)
valsch (definite genitive masculine singular)
valschen (definite genitive masculine singular)
valsch (definite feminine genitive singular)
valschen (definite feminine genitive singular)
valschen (dative masculine singular)
valscher (dative feminine singular)
valschen (dative neuter singular)
valschen (dative plural)
vals (alternative)
valsk (alternative)

Dutch: vals

Afrikaans: vals

Indonesian: fals, pales

Negerhollands: valsch, vals

Limburgish: valsj

From Old Dutch *falski, from Proto-West Germanic *falskī (“false, counterfeit”).


honen

hônen (canonical)
hônen (infinitive)
hônens (genitive infinitive)
hônene (dative infinitive)
hône (first-person indicative present singular)
hône (first-person present singular subjunctive)
hôons (indicative present second-person singular)
hônes (indicative present second-person singular)
hôons (present second-person singular subjunctive)
hônes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
hôont (indicative present singular third-person)
hônet (indicative present singular third-person)
hône (present singular subjunctive third-person)
hônen (first-person indicative plural present)
hônen (first-person plural present subjunctive)
hôont (indicative plural present second-person)
hônet (indicative plural present second-person)
hôont (plural present second-person subjunctive)
hônet (plural present second-person subjunctive)
hônen (indicative plural present third-person)
hônen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
hôon (imperative indicative present singular)
hône (imperative indicative present singular)
hôont (imperative indicative plural present)
hônet (imperative indicative plural present)
hônende (imperative participle present)

Dutch: honen

Afrikaans: hoon


varwe

desctree

Dutch: verf
Afrikaans: verf
Negerhollands: verw
→ Papiamentu: fèrfdó
→ Sranan Tongo: ferfi
→ Aukan: felifi
→ Caribbean Hindustani: verfi
→ Saramaccan: féifi

Limburgish: varf

From Old Dutch *farwa, from Proto-West Germanic *faru.

vāerwe (alternative)
verwe (alternative)


hondert

Dutch: honderd
Afrikaans: honderd
Berbice Creole Dutch: hondrutu
Jersey Dutch: hondert
Negerhollands: hondert, honderd
Sranan Tongo: hondro, hondru
Aukan: ondoo
Ndyuka-Trio Pidgin: ondoo
→ Lokono: hundred
→ Trió: honderd

Limburgish: hóngert

From Old Dutch *hundert, from Proto-Germanic *hundaradą.


Dordrecht

Dutch: Dordrecht

Dordrecht (a city in the modern Netherlands)


becomen

Dutch: bekomen

Afrikaans: bekom

Limburgish: bekómme

From Old Dutch bikuman, from Proto-Germanic *bikwemaną. Equivalent to be- + cōmen.


gaet

third-person singular present indicative

second-person plural present indicative/subjunctive


blide

blide (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
blide (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
blide (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
blide (indefinite nominative plural)
blide (definite masculine nominative singular)
blide (definite feminine nominative singular)
bliden (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
blide (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
blide (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
blide (accusative indefinite plural)
blide (accusative definite masculine singular)
blides (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
blider (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
blides (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
blider (genitive indefinite plural)
blides (definite genitive masculine singular)
bliden (definite genitive masculine singular)
blides (definite feminine genitive singular)
bliden (definite feminine genitive singular)
bliden (dative masculine singular)
blider (dative feminine singular)
bliden (dative neuter singular)
bliden (dative plural)
blijt (alternative)

Dutch: blij

From Old Dutch *blīthi, from Proto-Germanic *blīþiz.


blide

Dutch: blijde


sayen

Dutch: zaaien
Afrikaans: saai
Berbice Creole Dutch: sai
Negerhollands: saai, saey, saej
→ Aukan: sai

Limburgish: zèjje

From Old Dutch *sāien, from Proto-West Germanic *sāan.


eike

Dutch: eik

Limburgish: èèk, eik

From Old Dutch *eik, from Proto-Germanic *aiks, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyǵ- (“oak”).


achternoene

Dutch: achternoen

West Flemish: achternoene


noene

Dutch: noen

Limburgish: noon

West Flemish: noene

Borrowed from Latin nōna (hōra) (“ninth hour”).


vroe

Dutch: vroeg
Afrikaans: vroeg
Berbice Creole Dutch: fruku
Javindo: froeg
Negerhollands: vroe, fru, vrue
→ Sranan Tongo: fruku (see there for further descendants)

From Old Dutch fruo, from Proto-West Germanic *frō (“early”).


vroe

Dutch: vroeg

From Old Dutch *fruoi, from Proto-West Germanic *frō(ī) (“early”).


roosten

Dutch: roosten

From Old Dutch *rōsten, from Proto-West Germanic *raustijan (“to broil, roast”).


maecte

first/third-person singular past indicative/subjunctive of māken


waecte

first/third-person singular past indicative/subjunctive of wāken


vernoyde

first/third-person singular past indicative/subjunctive of vernōyen


vernoyen

Dutch: vernooien

(impersonal or intransitive) to annoy, to bother


dietsch

dietsch (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
dietsche (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
dietsch (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
dietsche (indefinite nominative plural)
dietsche (definite masculine nominative singular)
dietsche (definite feminine nominative singular)
dietschen (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
dietsche (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
dietsch (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
dietsche (accusative indefinite plural)
dietsche (accusative definite masculine singular)
dietsch (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
dietscher (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
dietsch (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
dietscher (genitive indefinite plural)
dietsch (definite genitive masculine singular)
dietschen (definite genitive masculine singular)
dietsch (definite feminine genitive singular)
dietschen (definite feminine genitive singular)
dietschen (dative masculine singular)
dietscher (dative feminine singular)
dietschen (dative neuter singular)
dietschen (dative plural)
duutsch (alternative)

Dutch: Diets (“Middle Dutch”)

desctree

Dutch: Duits (“German”), (obsolete) Duitsch, Duytsch, Duitser (“German person”)
Afrikaans: Duits
Negerhollands: dutsch
→? Japanese: ドイツ (Doitsu)
→ English: Doitsu
→ Korean: 독일 (dogil)
Sranan Tongo: Doisri
→ Caribbean Hindustani: Doisri
→ Caribbean Javanese: Dhoisri

Limburgish: Dutsj

→ Middle English: Duch, Duche, Deuche, Dusche, Dewche, Dowche, duch, duche, deuche, dusche
English: Dutch
Scots: Dutch

→ West Frisian: Dútsk

From Old Dutch *thiudisc, from Proto-West Germanic *þiudisk, from Proto-Germanic *þiudiskaz. Equivalent to diet + -sch.


dietsche

inflection of dietsch:
masculine nominative singular

inflection of dietsch:
nominative/accusative plural


ongemaect

Dutch: ongemaakt


volschriven

volscriven (alternative)
vulschriven (alternative)
vulscriven (alternative)

Dutch: volschrijven

(transitive) to describe completely, to the end

(transitive) to finish writing, to write completely


vulscreven

alternative form of volschrēven; past participle of volschriven


walsch

walsch (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
walsche (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
walsch (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
walsche (indefinite nominative plural)
walsche (definite masculine nominative singular)
walsche (definite feminine nominative singular)
walschen (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
walsche (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
walsch (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
walsche (accusative indefinite plural)
walsche (accusative definite masculine singular)
walsch (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
walscher (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
walsch (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
walscher (genitive indefinite plural)
walsch (definite genitive masculine singular)
walschen (definite genitive masculine singular)
walsch (definite feminine genitive singular)
walschen (definite feminine genitive singular)
walschen (dative masculine singular)
walscher (dative feminine singular)
walschen (dative neuter singular)
walschen (dative plural)

From Old Dutch [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *walhiskaz.


walschen

inflection of walsch:
masculine accusative/dative singular

inflection of walsch:
neuter dative singular


boucken

alternative spelling of boeken; dative plural of boec


boec

Dutch: boek (see there for further descendants)

Limburgish: book

⇒ Middle French: boucquain (from a diminutive)
French: bouquin

From Old Dutch buoc, from Proto-Germanic *bōks.


sijt

second-person plural present indicative/subjunctive of sijn

second-person plural present indicative/subjunctive of wēsen


waert

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

second-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of wēsen


waers

second-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of wēsen


mijns

masculine/neuter genitive singular of mijn


dijns

masculine/neuter genitive singular of dijn


sijns

masculine/neuter genitive singular of sijn


uwen

inflection of uwe:
masculine accusative/dative singular

inflection of uwe:
neuter dative singular


dorpren

alternative form of dorperen; dative plural of dorpere


dorpere

Dutch: dorper


ghehoort

alternative spelling of gehôort; past participle of hôren


onnutte

Dutch: onnut

Limburgish: ónnöt


quamen

first/third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of cōmen


ghegaen

alternative spelling of gegâen; past participle of gâen


ghebeden

alternative spelling of gebēden; past participle of bidden


ghedaen

alternative spelling of gedāen; past participle of doen


ghewonnen

alternative spelling of gewonnen; past participle of winnen

alternative spelling of gewonnen; past participle of gewinnen


gheronnen

alternative spelling of geronnen; past participle of rinnen


ghestolen

alternative spelling of gestōlen; past participle of stēlen


gheleert

alternative spelling of gelêert; past participle of lêren


gheloghen

alternative spelling of gelōgen; past participle of liegen


ghewan

alternative spelling of gewan; first/third-person singular past indicative of gewinnen


gheboden

alternative spelling of gebōden; past participle of bieden


ghebeten

alternative spelling of gebēten; past participle of biten


ghescreven

alternative spelling of geschrēven; past participle of schriven


ghecropen

alternative spelling of gecrōpen; past participle of crupen


ghemaect

alternative spelling of gemāect; past participle of māken


onbeschaven

onbeschāven (canonical)
onbescāven (alternative)


malsch

malsch (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
malsche (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
malsch (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
malsche (indefinite nominative plural)
malsche (definite masculine nominative singular)
malsche (definite feminine nominative singular)
malschen (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
malsche (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
malsch (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
malsche (accusative indefinite plural)
malsche (accusative definite masculine singular)
malsch (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
malscher (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
malsch (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
malscher (genitive indefinite plural)
malsch (definite genitive masculine singular)
malschen (definite genitive masculine singular)
malsch (definite feminine genitive singular)
malschen (definite feminine genitive singular)
malschen (dative masculine singular)
malscher (dative feminine singular)
malschen (dative neuter singular)
malschen (dative plural)

Dutch: mals

From Old Dutch *malsc, from Proto-Germanic *malskaz.


sulke

inflection of sulc:
feminine nominative/accusative singular

inflection of sulc:
nominative/accusative plural


sulken

inflection of sulc:
masculine accusative/dative singular


segge

first-person singular present indicative

first/third-person singular present subjunctive


souden

first/third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of sullen


haddet

second-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of hebben


hoert

alternative spelling of hôort; inflection of hôren:

third-person singular present indicative

second-person plural present indicative/subjunctive


ghinc

alternative spelling of ginc; first/third-person singular past indicative of gâen


nichte

desctree

Dutch: nicht, (obsolete, Holland) nift, nifte
Afrikaans: niggie (from the Hollandic diminutive nichie)
Negerhollands: nechi, nechtje, negje

Limburgish: nich

→ West Frisian: nicht

From Old Dutch *nift, from Proto-Germanic *niftiz.


moeye

Dutch: moei

Byform of Middle Dutch moene, moeme, from Old Dutch *mōma, *muoma, from Proto-Germanic *mōmǭ (“mother; maternal aunt”).


haer

hāer (canonical)
hāer (masculine nominative singular)
hāre (feminine nominative singular)
hāer (neuter nominative singular)
hāre (nominative plural)
hāren (accusative masculine singular)
hāre (accusative feminine singular)
hāer (accusative neuter singular)
hāre (accusative plural)
hāers (genitive masculine singular)
hāerre (feminine genitive singular)
hāers (genitive neuter singular)
hāerre (genitive plural)
hāren (dative masculine singular)
hāerre (dative feminine singular)
hāren (dative neuter singular)
hāren (dative plural)

desctree

Dutch: haar, heur (archaic or dialectal)
Afrikaans: haar

Limburgish: häör

From Old Dutch hiro, from Proto-Germanic *hezōi.


haer

Limburgish: haor

Zealandic: aer

From Old Dutch hār, from Proto-West Germanic *hār.


groenen

inflection of groene:
masculine accusative/dative singular

inflection of groene:
neuter dative singular


groten

inflection of grôot:
masculine accusative/dative singular

inflection of grôot:
neuter dative singular


Hollant

Dutch: Holland (see there for further descendants)

From Old Dutch *Holtland (sometimes found in Latin texts), from holt (“wood”) + lant (“land”). More at Dutch Holland.


Gelre

Dutch: Gelre


Vlaendren

Vlâendren (canonical neuter)
Vlâender (alternative)

Dutch: Vlaanderen

→ German: Flandern

→ Swedish: Flandern

→ Old French: Flandres

French: Flandre, Flandres

→ Greek: Φλάνδρα (Flándra)

→ Georgian: ფლანდრია (plandria)

→ Polish: Flandria

→ Portuguese: Flandres

→ Romanian: Flandra

→ Middle English: Flaunders

English: Flanders

From Old Dutch *flāmdra-, from Old Frisian *flāmdra-, from Proto-Germanic *flaumaz. See also vlaemsch (“Flemish”).


Limborch

Dutch: Limburg

Limburgish: Lèmbörg

The second element is borch (“stronghold, fortress”). The first element is of disputed origin:
* Proto-West Germanic *lindu (“lime tree”)
* archaic/obsolete lint meaning "snake, dragon," for which see lindworm
* Latin limes (“boundary, limit, edge”), a Roman-era name for its location at the boundary of the empire.
* the noun lijm (“lime, glue, sludge”)
* named by its founder, Frederick, Duke of Lower Lorraine, after Limburg Abbey in Bad Dürkheim, Germany, itself possibly from one of the words above (however, also compare the river Linth).

der

Frederick, Duke of Lower Lorraine
Limburg Abbey


brugge

Dutch: brug, Brugge

Afrikaans: brug

→ Papiamentu: brùg

Limburgish: brögk

From Old Dutch brugga, from Proto-Germanic *brugjǭ.


ludeke

Dutch: Luik

Limburgish: Luuk

Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire#English

Liège (a former bishopric in the Holy Roman Empire)


Aemstelredam

Dutch: Amsterdam

Amsterdam (a city in the modern Netherlands)


Haerlem

Dutch: Haarlem

Haarlem (a city in the modern Netherlands)


Die Hage

desctree

Dutch: Den Haag
→ German: Den Haag
→ Sranan Tongo: Aga
→ Dutch: Agga
→ West Frisian: De Haach

The Hague (a city in the modern Netherlands)


Engelant

> Dutch: Engeland (inherited)
→ Lokono: Engelanta


Vrankerike

Francrike (alternative)
Frankerike (alternative)

Dutch: Frankrijk, (obsolete) Franckrijk, Frankryk, Vrankryk, Vranckrijk, Vrankrijk
Afrikaans: Frankryk


Schotlant

Dutch: Schotland


Seelant

Dutch: Zeeland, Zélland (Noord-Brabant, dialect form)
→ English: Zealand


Sutfen

Dutch: Zutphen

Zutphen (a city and county in the modern Netherlands)


rijn

Dutch: Rijn

Limburgish: Rien

From Old Dutch *Rīn, from Proto-West Germanic *Rīn.


hoveschheit

hōveschheit (canonical feminine)
hōvescheit (alternative)

Dutch: hoofsheid

courtliness, way of acting in a noble court


hovesch

Dutch: hoofs, heus


hovesscheden

alternative spelling of hōveschhêden; inflection of hōveschheit:


Reinaert

Reināert (canonical masculine)
Reinart (alternative)
Reynaert (alternative)

Dutch: Reinaard

From Old Dutch *Reinard, *Reginard, from Proto-Germanic *Raginaharduz.


Reynaerde

alternative spelling of Reināerde; dative singular of Reināert


gronjaert

gronjāert (canonical masculine)
grongāert (alternative)


grongaerde

alternative spelling of gronjāerde; nominative/accusative/genitive plural of gronjāert


beghinne

alternative spelling of beginne; inflection of beginnen:

first-person singular present indicative

first/third-person singular present subjunctive


daghe

alternative spelling of dāge; inflection of dach:


coninc

cōninc (canonical masculine)
coninc (nominative singular)
coninghe (nominative plural)
coninc (accusative singular)
coninghe (accusative plural)
conincs (genitive singular)
coninghe (genitive plural)
coninghe (dative singular)
coninghen (dative plural)

Dutch: koning
Afrikaans: koning
Negerhollands: koning, kiniṅ
→ Mohegan-Pequot: kunnung
→ Sranan Tongo: kownu
→ Lokono: kónoe
→ Aukan: konu
→ Kari'na: konu

Limburgish: keuning

From Old Dutch cuninc, from Proto-West Germanic *kuning, from Proto-Germanic *kuningaz.


wesel

Dutch: wezel

Afrikaans: wesel

Limburgish: wezel, wieëzel

From Old Dutch *wisula, *wisala, from Proto-Germanic *wisulǭ.


eencoren

êencōren (canonical masculine neuter)
êcōren (alternative)
êcorn (alternative)

Dutch: eekhoorn
Afrikaans: eekhoring
Jersey Dutch: än-kôrn, än̈kôrn
→ Papiamentu: eekhoorn

From earlier êcōren, modified by folk etymology. From Old Dutch *ēkorno, from Proto-West Germanic *aikwernō.


spranc

first/third-person singular past indicative of springen


eeren

alternative spelling of êren; genitive/dative singular of êre


hoveschelijc

hōveschelijc (canonical)
hōveschelijc (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
hōveschelike (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
hōveschelijc (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
hōveschelike (indefinite nominative plural)
hōveschelike (definite masculine nominative singular)
hōveschelike (definite feminine nominative singular)
hōvescheliken (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
hōveschelike (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
hōveschelijc (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
hōveschelike (accusative indefinite plural)
hōveschelike (accusative definite masculine singular)
hōveschelijcs (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
hōvescheliker (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
hōveschelijcs (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
hōvescheliker (genitive indefinite plural)
hōveschelijcs (definite genitive masculine singular)
hōvescheliken (definite genitive masculine singular)
hōveschelijcs (definite feminine genitive singular)
hōvescheliken (definite feminine genitive singular)
hōvescheliken (dative masculine singular)
hōvescheliker (dative feminine singular)
hōvescheliken (dative neuter singular)
hōvescheliken (dative plural)
hōofschelijc (alternative)


hoveschelike

hōveschelike (canonical)
hōofschelike (alternative)


verstaen

Dutch: verstaan

Limburgish: verstaon


eenen

inflection of êen:
masculine accusative/dative singular

inflection of êen:
neuter dative singular


bevaen

Dutch: bevangen

Limburgish: bevange


sprac

first/third-person singular past indicative of sprēken


eere

alternative spelling of êre; feminine genitive/dative singular of êen


nachte

inflection of nacht:
nominative/accusative/genitive plural


verstaet

third-person singular present indicative

second-person plural present indicative/subjunctive

inflection of verstâen:
plural imperative


verloes

alternative spelling of verlôos; first/third-person singular past indicative of verliesen


sinxene

Dutch: Sinksen

Borrowed from Old French cinquiesme (“fifthieth”).


waende

first/third-person singular past indicative/subjunctive of wânen


waende

first/third-person singular past indicative/subjunctive of wānen


cleine

cleine (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
cleine (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
cleine (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
cleine (indefinite nominative plural)
cleine (definite masculine nominative singular)
cleine (definite feminine nominative singular)
cleinen (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
cleine (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
cleine (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
cleine (accusative indefinite plural)
cleine (accusative definite masculine singular)
cleines (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
cleinere (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
cleines (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
cleinere (genitive indefinite plural)
cleines (definite genitive masculine singular)
cleinen (definite genitive masculine singular)
cleines (definite feminine genitive singular)
cleinen (definite feminine genitive singular)
cleinen (dative masculine singular)
cleinere (dative feminine singular)
cleinen (dative neuter singular)
cleinen (dative plural)
clêne (alternative)
clein (alternative)
cleen (alternative)

Dutch: klein
Afrikaans: klein
Jersey Dutch: klāin
Negerhollands: kleen, klen
Skepi Creole Dutch: klenk

Limburgish: klein

From Old Dutch cleini, from Proto-West Germanic *klaini, from Proto-Germanic *klainiz.


misdoen

Dutch: misdoen


mesdaen

alternative form of misdāen; past participle of misdoen


ontsien

Dutch: ontzien

Limburgish: óntzeen


ontsiet

inflection of ontsien:
plural imperative


beschuldich

beschuldich (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
beschuldigge (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
beschuldich (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
beschuldigge (indefinite nominative plural)
beschuldigge (definite masculine nominative singular)
beschuldigge (definite feminine nominative singular)
beschuldiggen (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
beschuldigge (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
beschuldich (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
beschuldigge (accusative indefinite plural)
beschuldigge (accusative definite masculine singular)
beschuldichs (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
beschuldigger (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
beschuldichs (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
beschuldigger (genitive indefinite plural)
beschuldichs (definite genitive masculine singular)
beschuldiggen (definite genitive masculine singular)
beschuldichs (definite feminine genitive singular)
beschuldiggen (definite feminine genitive singular)
beschuldiggen (dative masculine singular)
beschuldigger (dative feminine singular)
beschuldiggen (dative neuter singular)
beschuldiggen (dative plural)


ghesciet

alternative spelling of geschiet; past participle of geschien


ghesciet

alternative spelling of geschiet; inflection of geschien:


geschien

Dutch: geschieden

Afrikaans: geskied

Limburgish: gesjeeje

From Old Dutch *giskian, from Proto-Germanic *gaskehaną. Equivalent to ge- + schien.


scuwede

alternative spelling of schuwede; first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of schuwen


sconinx

misspelling of cōninx (after a word ending in s)


crancken

alternative spelling of cranken; inflection of cranc:


nieman

niemant (alternative)
niemen (alternative)
niemene (alternative)

Dutch: niemand

From Old Dutch nieman. Equivalent to nie (“never”) + man (“a man”).


grijsen

alternative spelling of grisen; inflection of grijs:


baert

bāert (canonical masculine)
bart (alternative)

Dutch: baard
Afrikaans: baard
Negerhollands: baard
→ Virgin Islands Creole: bad (archaic)
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: barde
→ West Frisian: baard

Limburgish: baerd

From Old Dutch *bart, from Proto-Germanic *bardaz, Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰ-eh₂.


baerde

inflection of bāert:
nominative/accusative/genitive plural


clage

From Old Dutch *klaga, from Proto-Germanic *klagō.


clage

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

first-person singular present indicative

first/third-person singular present subjunctive


clagen

clāgen (canonical)
clāgen (infinitive)
clāgens (genitive infinitive)
clāgene (dative infinitive)
clāge (first-person indicative present singular)
clāge (first-person present singular subjunctive)
clāechs (indicative present second-person singular)
clāges (indicative present second-person singular)
clāechs (present second-person singular subjunctive)
clāges (present second-person singular subjunctive)
clāecht (indicative present singular third-person)
clāget (indicative present singular third-person)
clāge (present singular subjunctive third-person)
clāgen (first-person indicative plural present)
clāgen (first-person plural present subjunctive)
clāecht (indicative plural present second-person)
clāget (indicative plural present second-person)
clāecht (plural present second-person subjunctive)
clāget (plural present second-person subjunctive)
clāgen (indicative plural present third-person)
clāgen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
clāech (imperative indicative present singular)
clāge (imperative indicative present singular)
clāecht (imperative indicative plural present)
clāget (imperative indicative plural present)
clāgende (imperative participle present)

Dutch: klagen

From Old Dutch clagon, from Proto-West Germanic *klagōn (“to lament, complain”). Equivalent to clāge + -en.


maech

mâech (canonical masculine)
mâech (nominative singular)
mâeche (nominative plural)
mâech (accusative singular)
mâeche (accusative plural)
mâechs (genitive singular)
mâeche (genitive plural)
mâeche (dative singular)
mâechen (dative plural)

Dutch: maag

From Old Dutch *māg, from Proto-West Germanic *māg.


claghene

alternative spelling of clāgene; dative of clāgen


versamen

Dutch: verzamen


versamet

third-person singular present indicative

second-person plural present indicative/subjunctive

inflection of versāmen:
plural imperative


ghenomen

alternative spelling of genōmen; past participle of nēmen


cranken

inflection of cranc:
masculine accusative/dative singular

inflection of cranc:
neuter dative singular


gronjaerde

nominative/accusative/genitive plural of gronjāert


hoveschheden

inflection of hōveschheit:
genitive/dative singular

inflection of hōveschheit:
dative plural


geschiet

inflection of geschien:
plural imperative


gewan

first/third-person singular past indicative of gewinnen


ginc

first/third-person singular past indicative of gâen


schude

first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of schuwen


verloos

first/third-person singular past indicative of verliesen


ghinghen

alternative spelling of gingen; first/third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of gâen


claghede

alternative spelling of clāgede; first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of clāgen


clagede

first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of clāgen


goets

masculine/neuter genitive singular of goet


ghesproken

alternative spelling of gesprōken; past participle of sprēken


claghet

alternative spelling of clāget; inflection of clāgen:

third-person singular present indicative

second-person plural present indicative/subjunctive


slapenden

inflection of slâpende:
masculine accusative/dative singular

inflection of slâpende:
neuter dative singular


onhout

From Old Dutch *unhold, from Proto-Germanic *unhulþaz.


stont

first/third-person singular past indicative of stâen


saghen

alternative spelling of sâgen; first/third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of sien


Isengrijn

Isingrijn (alternative)
Ysengrijn (alternative)
Isengrim (alternative)

Dutch: ijzegrim, iezegrim

A wolf character in the story of Reynard the fox.


begonste

first/third-person singular past indicative/subjunctive of beginnen


edelheit

Dutch: edelheid


lachter

Dutch: lachter

From Old Dutch *lahtar, from Proto-Germanic *lahtraz, a variant form of *lahtrą, from the root of *lahaną (“to blame, fault, reproach”).


staerblent

(East Flemish) alternative form of stāerblint


staerblint

stāerblint (canonical)
stāerblent (alternative)

Dutch: staarblind

Similar words are found in other Germanic languages such as Old High German starablint, Middle Low German starblint, Old Frisian starublind, Old English staer(e)blind. The meaning is interpreted as "blind with cloudy eyes." The first element is from staren (“to stare, gaze, be fixed upon”) and second element is from blint (“blind”).


laghen

alternative spelling of lâgen; first/third-person plural present indicative/subjunctive of liggen


verhoert

inflection of verhoeren:
plural imperative


verhoeren

Dutch: verhoeren


mesvoert

alternative form of misvoert; past participle of misvoeren


mesvoert

alternative form of misvoert; inflection of misvoeren:


misvoert

inflection of misvoeren:
plural imperative


beseiken

Dutch: bezeiken


beseekede

alternative spelling of besêkede; first/third-person singular past indicative/subjunctive of beseiken


besekede

first/third-person singular past indicative/subjunctive of beseiken


hoonde

first/third-person singular past indicative/subjunctive of hônen


ontfaerme

first-person singular present indicative

first/third-person singular present subjunctive

inflection of ontfāermen:
singular imperative


ontfarmen

Dutch: ontfermen

From Old Dutch *intfarmon, with two prefixes ont- and af attached to Proto-West Germanic *armēn.

(sometimes reflexive) to have/show compassion, pity [with genitive ‘for’]


ontvaen

Dutch: ontvangen

Limburgish: óntvange


kindre

nominative/accusative/dative plural of kint


heilich

heilich (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
heiligge (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
heilich (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
heiligge (indefinite nominative plural)
heiligge (definite masculine nominative singular)
heiligge (definite feminine nominative singular)
heiliggen (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
heiligge (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
heilich (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
heiligge (accusative indefinite plural)
heiligge (accusative definite masculine singular)
heilichs (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
heiligger (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
heilichs (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
heiligger (genitive indefinite plural)
heilichs (definite genitive masculine singular)
heiliggen (definite genitive masculine singular)
heilichs (definite feminine genitive singular)
heiliggen (definite feminine genitive singular)
heiliggen (dative masculine singular)
heiligger (dative feminine singular)
heiliggen (dative neuter singular)
heiliggen (dative plural)

desctree

Dutch: heilig
Afrikaans: heilig
Negerhollands: heilig

Limburgish: hèèlig

From Old Dutch heilig, from Proto-West Germanic *hailag.


andersins

Dutch: anderszins


ontfaren

Dutch: ontvaren

to leave, to depart, to go away [with dative ‘from’]


ontfoer

first/third-person singular past indicative of ontfāren


ontfinc

first/third-person singular past indicative of ontvâen


maent

Dutch: maand

Limburgish: maondj

From Old Dutch *mānoth, from Proto-West Germanic *mānōþ.


broot

Dutch: brood
Afrikaans: brood
Berbice Creole Dutch: broto
Jersey Dutch: brôt
Negerhollands: brood, brot
Skepi Creole Dutch: brot

Limburgish: broead

From Old Dutch *brōt, from Proto-Germanic *braudą.


blayen

Dutch: blaaien (obsolete)

From Old Dutch *blāien, from Proto-West Germanic *blāan.


bloeyen

Dutch: bloeien
Afrikaans: bloei

Limburgish: blöjje


broeyen

Dutch: broeien

Afrikaans: broei

→ Old French: esbroer

French: ébrouer

From Old Dutch *bruoien, from Proto-Germanic *brōaną.


vouden

Dutch: vouwen

Limburgish: vaaje

From Old Dutch *faldan, from Proto-Germanic *falþaną.


vloeyen

Dutch: vloeien

Limburgish: vlöjje

From Old Dutch *fluoien, from Proto-West Germanic *flōan, from Proto-Germanic *flōaną.


vresen

Dutch: vrezen

Limburgish: vrieëze, vreize

From Old Dutch *frēson, from Proto-Germanic *fraisōną.


gloeyen

Dutch: gloeien
Afrikaans: gloei

Limburgish: glöjje

From Old Dutch *gluoien, from Proto-West Germanic *glōan.


groeyen

Dutch: groeien

Afrikaans: groei

Limburgish: gröjje

From Old Dutch gruoien, from Proto-Germanic *grōaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow, become green”).


loeyen

Dutch: loeien

Afrikaans: loei

From Old Dutch luoien, from Proto-Germanic *hlōaną.


crayen

Dutch: kraaien

From Old Dutch crāien, from Proto-West Germanic *krāan (“to crow, shout”).


nayen

Dutch: naaien

Limburgish: nejje

From Old Dutch *nāien, from Proto-Germanic *nēaną.


roeyen

desctree

Dutch: roeien
Afrikaans: roei
Negerhollands: roei
→ Virgin Islands Creole: rui (dated)

From Old Dutch *ruoien, from Proto-Germanic *rōaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁-.


wayen

Dutch: waaien

Limburgish: wèjje


drayen

Dutch: draaien

Limburgish: drejje, dreie

From Old Dutch thrāien, from Proto-West Germanic *þrāan, from Proto-Germanic *þrēaną, from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁-.


souten

Dutch: zouten

Limburgish: zate

From Old Dutch *saltan, from Proto-Germanic *saltaną. The verb was originally a class 7 strong verb, but the verb became weak early on and only the strong past participle was preserved.


schroden

Dutch: schrooien

From Old Dutch *scrōdan, from Proto-West Germanic *skraudan.


wasschen

Dutch: wassen

Limburgish: wasje, wesje


vlaen

From Old Dutch *flān, from Proto-Germanic *flahaną.


vervaren

Dutch: vervaren

From Old Dutch farfaran, from Proto-Germanic *frafaraną.


vervaren

Dutch: vervaren


vloet

Dutch: vloed c
Afrikaans: vloed
Berbice Creole Dutch: flutu
Javindo: floed

Limburgish: vlood

From Old Dutch fluot, from Proto-West Germanic *flōdu.


versaken

Dutch: verzaken
Afrikaans: versaak

From Old Dutch farsacan, from Proto-West Germanic *frasakan.


dwaen

From Old Dutch thwān, from Proto-Germanic *þwahaną.


maendach

mâendach (canonical masculine)
mânendach (alternative)

Dutch: maandag
Afrikaans: Maandag
Berbice Creole Dutch: mandaka
Jersey Dutch: Mândix
Negerhollands: maendag, maandag
Skepi Creole Dutch: móndak
→ Lokono: mandakha, mondakha
→ Mohegan-Pequot: mundetar
→ Trió: mandi
Sotho: mantaha

Limburgish: maondig

West Flemish: moandag

From Old Dutch *mānendag, from Proto-West Germanic *mānini dag.


niewe

niewe (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
niewe (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
niewe (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
niewe (indefinite nominative plural)
niewe (definite masculine nominative singular)
niewe (definite feminine nominative singular)
niewen (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
niewe (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
niewe (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
niewe (accusative indefinite plural)
niewe (accusative definite masculine singular)
niewes (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
niewer (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
niewes (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
niewer (genitive indefinite plural)
niewes (definite genitive masculine singular)
niewen (definite genitive masculine singular)
niewes (definite feminine genitive singular)
niewen (definite feminine genitive singular)
niewen (dative masculine singular)
niewer (dative feminine singular)
niewen (dative neuter singular)
niewen (dative plural)
neuwe (alternative)
newe (alternative)
niwe (alternative)
nuwe (alternative)
niew (alternative)

Dutch: nieuw, nie (Eastern Netherlands), nij (Frisian, eastern & northern Netherlands), nieuwt (dialectal, originally neuter), nouw (Holland, dialectal), nuw (Holland), nuwt (Holland, dialectal, originally neuter)
Afrikaans: nuwe, nuut
Javindo: nuwe
Jersey Dutch: njuew
Negerhollands: nieuw, niw

Limburgish: nuuj


begeten

Limburgish: begaete

From Old Dutch *bigetan, from Proto-Germanic *bigetaną.


cneden

Dutch: kneden

Limburgish: kneide, kneie

From Old Dutch *knedan, from Proto-West Germanic *knedan, from Proto-Germanic *knudaną.


terden

From trēden through metathesis. The inflection was reaccommodated to the new root shape, bringing it into strong class 3 like werden.


behelen

From Old Dutch bihelan. Equivalent to be- + hēlen.


quelen

Dutch: kwelen

→ Middle English: quaylen, quaile, quayle, quayll
English: quail, queal, quele

From Old Dutch *kwelan, from Proto-West Germanic *kwelan.


genemen

genēmen (canonical)
genēmen (infinitive)
genēmens (genitive infinitive)
genēmene (dative infinitive)
genēme (first-person indicative present singular)
genam (first-person indicative past singular)
genēme (first-person present singular subjunctive)
genâme (first-person past singular subjunctive)
genēems (indicative present second-person singular)
genēmes (indicative present second-person singular)
genâems (indicative past second-person singular)
genâmes (indicative past second-person singular)
genēems (present second-person singular subjunctive)
genēmes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
genâmes (past second-person singular subjunctive)
genēemt (indicative present singular third-person)
genēmet (indicative present singular third-person)
genam (indicative past singular third-person)
genēme (present singular subjunctive third-person)
genâme (past singular subjunctive third-person)
genēmen (first-person indicative plural present)
genâmen (first-person indicative past plural)
genēmen (first-person plural present subjunctive)
genâmen (first-person past plural subjunctive)
genēemt (indicative plural present second-person)
genēmet (indicative plural present second-person)
genâemt (indicative past plural second-person)
genâmet (indicative past plural second-person)
genēemt (plural present second-person subjunctive)
genēmet (plural present second-person subjunctive)
genâmet (past plural second-person subjunctive)
genēmen (indicative plural present third-person)
genâmen (indicative past plural third-person)
genēmen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
genâmen (past plural subjunctive third-person)
genem (imperative indicative present singular)
genēem (imperative indicative present singular)
genēme (imperative indicative present singular)
genēemt (imperative indicative plural present)
genēmet (imperative indicative plural present)
genēmende (imperative participle present)
genōmen (imperative participle past)

From Old Dutch gineman, from Proto-Germanic *ganemaną. Equivalent to ge- + nēmen.


Sudersee

Dutch: Zuiderzee


Nortsee

Dutch: Noordzee

From Old Dutch [Term?], from Proto-West Germanic [Term?]. By surface analysis, nort (“north”) + sêe (“sea”).


Oostsee

Dutch: Oostzee

Compound of ôost (“east”) + sêe (“sea”).


swinden

Dutch: zwinden


vulschriven

(Flemish) alternative form of volschriven


onsculde

alternative spelling of onschulde; inflection of onschult:


onschulde

inflection of onschult:
nominative/accusative/dative plural


onschult

Dutch: onschuld


leede

alternative spelling of lêde; dative singular of lêet


waen

Dutch: waan
Afrikaans: waan

Limburgish: waan

From Old Dutch wān, from Proto-West Germanic *wāni, from Proto-Germanic *wēniz.

opinion, feeling, hunch (without evidence)


percament

Dutch: perkament


ghescreeft

alternative spelling of geschrēeft; second-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of geschriven


geschreeft

second-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of geschriven


geschreef

first/third-person singular past indicative of geschriven


wilen

Dutch: wijlen

An old dative plural, ultimately related to Proto-West Germanic *hwīlu (“period of time, rest, while”) and cognate with Old English hwīlum, English whilom.


wileneer

wilenêer (canonical)
wilenêre (alternative)

Dutch: weleer


onverswegen

Dutch: onverzwegen


ongewroken

Dutch: ongewroken


verswigen

Dutch: verzwijgen


eenre

feminine genitive/dative singular of êen


morseel

Dutch: morseel


bejach

Dutch: bejag


menich

mēnich (canonical)
mēnich (masculine nominative singular)
mēnigge (feminine nominative singular)
mēnich (neuter nominative singular)
mēnigge (nominative plural)
mēniggen (accusative masculine singular)
mēnigge (accusative feminine singular)
mēnich (accusative neuter singular)
mēnigge (accusative plural)
mēnichs (genitive masculine singular)
mēnigger (feminine genitive singular)
mēnichs (genitive neuter singular)
mēnigger (genitive plural)
mēniggen (dative masculine singular)
mēnigger (dative feminine singular)
mēniggen (dative neuter singular)
mēniggen (dative plural)

Dutch: menig

From Old Dutch *manag, *menig, from Proto-West Germanic *manag.


valschen

inflection of valsch:
masculine accusative/dative singular

inflection of valsch:
neuter dative singular


zanc

alternative spelling of sanc; first/third-person singular past indicative of sinken


zanc

alternative spelling of sanc; first/third-person singular past indicative of singen


segghene

alternative spelling of seggene; dative of seggen


gevet

third-person singular present indicative

second-person plural present indicative/subjunctive


ghevet

alternative spelling of gēvet; inflection of gēven:


makeden

first/third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of māken


bedroghen

alternative spelling of bedrōgen; past participle of bedriegen


bedroghen

alternative spelling of bedrōgen; first/third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of bedriegen


droughen

alternative spelling of droegen; first/third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of drāgen


drouch

alternative spelling of droech; first/third-person singular past indicative of drāgen


droech

first/third-person singular past indicative of drāgen


gaeft

second-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of gēven


hinghe

alternative spelling of hinge; first/third-person singular past subjunctive of hangen


fransois

Borrowed from Old French françois, François.

fransoys (alternative)
frantsoys (alternative)


fransois

Dutch: fransoos


tibeert

A cat character in the story of Reynard the fox.


jegen

From Old Dutch gegin, from Proto-West Germanic *gagin, from Proto-Germanic *gagin.


wroughene

alternative spelling of wroegene; dative of wroegen


onberecht

onberecht (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
onberechte (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
onberecht (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
onberechte (indefinite nominative plural)
onberechte (definite masculine nominative singular)
onberechte (definite feminine nominative singular)
onberechten (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
onberechte (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
onberecht (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
onberechte (accusative indefinite plural)
onberechte (accusative definite masculine singular)
onberechts (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
onberechter (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
onberechts (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
onberechter (genitive indefinite plural)
onberechts (definite genitive masculine singular)
onberechten (definite genitive masculine singular)
onberechts (definite feminine genitive singular)
onberechten (definite feminine genitive singular)
onberechten (dative masculine singular)
onberechter (dative feminine singular)
onberechten (dative neuter singular)
onberechten (dative plural)


zinghene

alternative spelling of singene; dative of singen


vergheven

alternative spelling of vergēven; past participle of vergēven


quaet

quâet (canonical)
quâet (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
quâte (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
quâet (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
quâte (indefinite nominative plural)
quâte (definite masculine nominative singular)
quâte (definite feminine nominative singular)
quâten (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
quâte (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
quâet (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
quâte (accusative indefinite plural)
quâte (accusative definite masculine singular)
quâets (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
quâter (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
quâets (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
quâter (genitive indefinite plural)
quâets (definite genitive masculine singular)
quâten (definite genitive masculine singular)
quâets (definite feminine genitive singular)
quâten (definite feminine genitive singular)
quâten (dative masculine singular)
quâter (dative feminine singular)
quâten (dative neuter singular)
quâten (dative plural)

Dutch: kwaad

Afrikaans: kwaad

Limburgish: kwaod

From Old Dutch *kwāt, from Proto-West Germanic *kwād.


quaet

Dutch: kwaad

Afrikaans: kwaad

Limburgish: kwaod


quame

first/third-person singular past subjunctive of cōmen


sconen

alternative spelling of schônen; inflection of schône:


cuwaert

Borrowed from Old French cuard (“coward”).

A hare character in the story of Reynard the fox.


ombeere

alternative spelling of ontbēre; first/third-person singular present subjunctive of ontbēren


mordenare

mordenāre (canonical masculine)
mordenēre (alternative)

Dutch: moordenaar


overdaet

Dutch: overdaad


enich

ênich (canonical)
ênich (masculine nominative singular)
ênigge (feminine nominative singular)
ênich (neuter nominative singular)
ênigge (nominative plural)
êniggen (accusative masculine singular)
ênigge (accusative feminine singular)
ênich (accusative neuter singular)
ênigge (accusative plural)
ênichs (genitive masculine singular)
ênigger (feminine genitive singular)
ênichs (genitive neuter singular)
ênigger (genitive plural)
êniggen (dative masculine singular)
ênigger (dative feminine singular)
êniggen (dative neuter singular)
êniggen (dative plural)

Dutch: enig

Limburgish: einig

From Old Dutch ēnig, from Proto-West Germanic *ainag.


enich

ênich (canonical)
ênich (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
ênigge (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
ênich (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
ênigge (indefinite nominative plural)
ênigge (definite masculine nominative singular)
ênigge (definite feminine nominative singular)
êniggen (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
ênigge (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
ênich (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
ênigge (accusative indefinite plural)
ênigge (accusative definite masculine singular)
ênichs (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
ênigger (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
ênichs (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
ênigger (genitive indefinite plural)
ênichs (definite genitive masculine singular)
êniggen (definite genitive masculine singular)
ênichs (definite feminine genitive singular)
êniggen (definite feminine genitive singular)
êniggen (dative masculine singular)
ênigger (dative feminine singular)
êniggen (dative neuter singular)
êniggen (dative plural)

Dutch: enig


ghedede

alternative spelling of gedēde; first/third-person singular past indicative of gedoen


gedede

first/third-person singular past indicative of gedoen


ghelovede

alternative spelling of gelôvede; first/third-person singular past indicative/subjunctive of gelôven


gelovede

first/third-person singular past indicative/subjunctive of gelôven


tusschen

Dutch: tussen

Limburgish: tösje

Shortening of Old Dutch intwiskan, originally a prepositional phrase *in twiskan. The latter word is from Proto-Germanic *twiskaz, *twiskijaz (“twofold, double”), from Proto-Indo-European *dwís (“twice, doubly; in two”).

between (of a relation between one person and another)


wreket

third-person singular present indicative

second-person plural present indicative/subjunctive


ouden

Dutch: ouden (obsolete)

Limburgish: aaje


ouden

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

inflection of out:
masculine accusative/dative singular

inflection of out:
neuter dative singular


Reynaerts

alternative spelling of Reināerts; genitive of Reināert


capellaen

Dutch: kapelaan

Borrowed from Medieval Latin cappellānus.


begonsten

first/third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of beginnen


gheviel

alternative spelling of geviel; first/third-person singular past indicative of gevallen


geviel

first/third-person singular past indicative of gevallen


selver

inflection of selve:
feminine genitive/dative singular


tijt

desctree

Dutch: tijd, (obsolete) tyd, tijdt, tydt, tijt, tyt
Afrikaans: tyd
Berbice Creole Dutch: titi
Javindo: tet
Jersey Dutch: tāid, tāidt
Negerhollands: tied, tid, tit
Skepi Creole Dutch: teit

Limburgish: tied

Zealandic: tied


beeder

alternative spelling of bêder; inflection of bêde:


haerre

inflection of hāre:
feminine genitive/dative singular


snelre

inflection of snel:
feminine genitive/dative singular


vaerde

inflection of vāert:
nominative/accusative/genitive plural


tebroken

first/third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of tebrēken


tebreken

From Old Dutch tebrekan. Equivalent to te- + brēken.

to break (laws, promises, commandments etc)


misprisen

Dutch: misprijzen


bewaent

inflection of bewânen:
plural imperative


bewanen

From Old Dutch biwānen. Equivalent to be- + wânen.


misraken

to fail, to not succeed, to turn out bad


zorghet

alternative spelling of sorget; inflection of sorgen:

third-person singular present indicative

second-person plural present indicative/subjunctive


maledien

Dutch: maledijen


vermaledien

vermālediën (canonical)
vermālendiën (alternative)

Dutch: vermaledijen


castien

Dutch: kastijden


hanthave

West Flemish: andoave


bachten

West Flemish: bachtn

(chiefly Flemish) behind, at the back/rear


ghewraken

alternative spelling of gewrâken; first/third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of gewrēken


gewraken

first/third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of gewrēken


schraven

Unknown. Compare Middle High German schreven (“to scratch”).


verbeet

first/third-person singular past indicative of verbiten


verbiten

Dutch: verbijten


buuc

desctree

Dutch: buik
Afrikaans: buik
Negerhollands: buk, big, bik
Skepi Creole Dutch: buk

Limburgish: boek

West Flemish: buuk

Zealandic: buuk

From Old Dutch būc, from Proto-Germanic *būkaz.


donre

Dutch: donder
Afrikaans: donder
Negerhollands: donner, dondu
→ Virgin Islands Creole: dondu (dated)
→ Papiamentu: dònder, donder
→ Sranan Tongo: dondru
Aukan: dondoo, donduu

Limburgish: dónder, dónjer

West Flemish: dunder

From Old Dutch *thunar, from Proto-West Germanic *þunr.


gebuur

Dutch: gebuur

West Flemish: gebeur

From Old Dutch *gibūr. Equivalent to ge- + buur.


lijste

Dutch: lijst

Limburgish: lies

From Old Dutch *līsta, from Proto-Germanic *līstǭ.


persijn

West Flemish: persyn


poreye

Dutch: prei
Afrikaans: prei
→ Indonesian: prei
→ Papiamentu: prei
→ West Frisian: prei

West Flemish: pret


ribbe

Dutch: rib

West Flemish: rebbe

From Old Dutch *ribba, from Proto-West Germanic *ribi, from Proto-Germanic *ribjō.


rugge

Dutch: rug
Afrikaans: rug
Jersey Dutch: rœx
Negerhollands: rugge, rigi, rege

Limburgish: rögk

West Flemish: rik, rugge

From Old Dutch ruggi, from Proto-Germanic *hrugjaz.


slecke

Dutch: slak

Limburgish: slak

West Flemish: slekke

From Old Dutch *slekki, from Proto-Germanic *slikkō, perhaps related to the root of slijk (“mud”), if referring to its slipperiness.


slotel

slōtel (canonical masculine)
sluetel (alternative)
sluetel (alternative)

Dutch: sleutel
Afrikaans: sleutel
Berbice Creole Dutch: slotro, slutro
Negerhollands: sleuter, sleetel
→ Lokono: shilotoro
→ Aukan: sooto
→ Saramaccan: sòotó
→ Sranan Tongo: sroto, slotto
→ Caribbean Javanese: sroto
→ Trió: soroto
→ Warao: sidyotóre, sidiotore

Limburgish: släötel

West Flemish: sloter

From Old Dutch *slutil, from Proto-West Germanic *slutil.


stide

West Flemish: stidde, stiede

From a Proto-Germanic root similar to *stadiz and *stainaz, both ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”).
Cognate of Middle Low German stīde, Old Frisian stīth, Old English stīþ, English stith (“strong; stiff; rigid”), Old Norse stinnr, Danish stind, Swedish stinn.


vleder

West Flemish: vleire

From Old Dutch [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *fleþarô (“wing”), probably related to *fifaldǭ (“butterfly”).


vledermuus

Dutch: vleermuis

Limburgish: vlaedermoes


dropel

Dutch: druppel

Limburgish: dróppel

From Old Dutch *drupil, from Proto-Germanic *drupilaz.


coken

cōken (canonical)
cōken (infinitive)
cōkens (genitive infinitive)
cōkene (dative infinitive)
cōke (first-person indicative present singular)
cōke (first-person present singular subjunctive)
cōocs (indicative present second-person singular)
cōkes (indicative present second-person singular)
cōocs (present second-person singular subjunctive)
cōkes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
cōoct (indicative present singular third-person)
cōket (indicative present singular third-person)
cōke (present singular subjunctive third-person)
cōken (first-person indicative plural present)
cōken (first-person plural present subjunctive)
cōoct (indicative plural present second-person)
cōket (indicative plural present second-person)
cōoct (plural present second-person subjunctive)
cōket (plural present second-person subjunctive)
cōken (indicative plural present third-person)
cōken (plural present subjunctive third-person)
cōoc (imperative indicative present singular)
cōke (imperative indicative present singular)
cōoct (imperative indicative plural present)
cōket (imperative indicative plural present)
cōkende (imperative participle present)

desctree

Dutch: koken
Afrikaans: kook
Berbice Creole Dutch: koki
Jersey Dutch: kôke
Negerhollands: kook, kok, kuk
→ Saramaccan: akòkí

Limburgish: kaoke

From Old Dutch *kokon, from Proto-West Germanic *kokōn.


clemmen

clemmen (infinitive)
clemmens (genitive infinitive)
clemmene (dative infinitive)
clemme (first-person indicative present singular)
clemme (first-person present singular subjunctive)
clems (indicative present second-person singular)
clemmes (indicative present second-person singular)
clems (present second-person singular subjunctive)
clemmes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
clemt (indicative present singular third-person)
clemmet (indicative present singular third-person)
clemme (present singular subjunctive third-person)
clemmen (first-person indicative plural present)
clemmen (first-person plural present subjunctive)
clemt (indicative plural present second-person)
clemmet (indicative plural present second-person)
clemt (plural present second-person subjunctive)
clemmet (plural present second-person subjunctive)
clemmen (indicative plural present third-person)
clemmen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
clem (imperative indicative present singular)
clemme (imperative indicative present singular)
clemt (imperative indicative plural present)
clemmet (imperative indicative plural present)
clemmende (imperative participle present)

Dutch: klemmen
Afrikaans: klem
→ Papiamentu: klèm

Limburgish: klèmme

From Old Dutch *klemmen, from Proto-West Germanic *klammjan.


crullen

crullen (infinitive)
crullens (genitive infinitive)
crullene (dative infinitive)
crulle (first-person indicative present singular)
crulle (first-person present singular subjunctive)
cruls (indicative present second-person singular)
crulles (indicative present second-person singular)
cruls (present second-person singular subjunctive)
crulles (present second-person singular subjunctive)
crult (indicative present singular third-person)
crullet (indicative present singular third-person)
crulle (present singular subjunctive third-person)
crullen (first-person indicative plural present)
crullen (first-person plural present subjunctive)
crult (indicative plural present second-person)
crullet (indicative plural present second-person)
crult (plural present second-person subjunctive)
crullet (plural present second-person subjunctive)
crullen (indicative plural present third-person)
crullen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
crul (imperative indicative present singular)
crulle (imperative indicative present singular)
crult (imperative indicative plural present)
crullet (imperative indicative plural present)
crullende (imperative participle present)
crollen (alternative)

Dutch: krullen

Limburgish: królle

to curl, to be/make curly (mostly of hair)


cussen

cussen (infinitive)
cussens (genitive infinitive)
cussene (dative infinitive)
cusse (first-person indicative present singular)
cusse (first-person present singular subjunctive)
cus (indicative present second-person singular)
cusses (indicative present second-person singular)
cus (present second-person singular subjunctive)
cusses (present second-person singular subjunctive)
cust (indicative present singular third-person)
cusset (indicative present singular third-person)
cusse (present singular subjunctive third-person)
cussen (first-person indicative plural present)
cussen (first-person plural present subjunctive)
cust (indicative plural present second-person)
cusset (indicative plural present second-person)
cust (plural present second-person subjunctive)
cusset (plural present second-person subjunctive)
cussen (indicative plural present third-person)
cussen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
cus (imperative indicative present singular)
cusse (imperative indicative present singular)
cust (imperative indicative plural present)
cusset (imperative indicative plural present)
cussende (imperative participle present)

Dutch: kussen
Afrikaans: kus

Limburgish: kösse, kösje

From Old Dutch kussen, from Proto-West Germanic *kussijan.


ledich

Dutch: leeg, ledig, leêg
Afrikaans: leeg, ledig
Negerhollands: leeg
→ Sranan Tongo: leigi
→ Aukan: leigi
→ Caribbean Javanese: légi

Limburgish: leidig, laeg

From Old Dutch *lithig, from Proto-Germanic *liþugaz.


schoe

Dutch: schoen (plural reanalysed as singular)

Limburgish: sjoon (plural reanalysed as singular)

From Old Dutch skuo, from Proto-Germanic *skōhaz.


latijn

Dutch: Latijn

Limburgish: Letien


avont

âvont (canonical masculine)
âvent (alternative)
avent (alternative)

Dutch: avond
Afrikaans: aand
Berbice Creole Dutch: tafn
Jersey Dutch: âvond
Negerhollands: avond, navont

Limburgish: aovendj

From Old Dutch āvont, from Proto-West Germanic *ābanþ.

evening (starting an hour before sunset, considered the start of a new day)


balch

Dutch: balg
→ French: blague, blaque (obsolete)
→ Italian: blaga, → blague
→ Polish: blaga


vijfte

Dutch: vijfde
Afrikaans: vyfde
Negerhollands: veifde

Limburgish: viefdje

from Old Dutch *fīfto, from Proto-Germanic *fimftô.


sevende

Dutch: zevende
Afrikaans: sewende
Negerhollands: sevende, seevende

Limburgish: zeuvendje

From Old Dutch *sivondo, from Proto-West Germanic *sebundō.


dertich

Dutch: dertig

Limburgish: dèrtig

Zealandic: dertig

from Old Dutch *thrītig, from Proto-Germanic *þrīz tigiwiz.


viertich

vēertich (alternative)
virtich (alternative)

Dutch: veertig

Limburgish: veertig

From Old Dutch *viertig, from Proto-Germanic *fedwōr tigiwiz.


vijftich

Dutch: vijftig

Limburgish: vieftig

From Old Dutch *fīftig, from Proto-Germanic *fimf tigiwiz.


sestich

Dutch: zestig

Limburgish: zèstig

From Old Dutch *sestig, from Proto-Germanic *sehs tigiwiz.


seventich

sēventich (canonical)
tsēventich (alternative)

Dutch: zeventig

Limburgish: zeuventig, zeuvetig

From Old Dutch *sivontig, but also *antsivontig, from Proto-Germanic *sebuntēhundą.


negentich

Dutch: negentig

Limburgish: neugentig, neugetig


beelde

bēelde (canonical feminine masculine neuter)
bilde (alternative)
belde (alternative)

Dutch: beeld
Afrikaans: beeld
Negerhollands: beeld

Limburgish: beildj

→ Latvian: bilde (or from Middle Low German)

From Old Dutch bilithi, from Proto-West Germanic *biliþī.


berke

Dutch: berk
Afrikaans: berk

Limburgish: bèrk

From Old Dutch *berca, from Proto-West Germanic *berku.


cnie

Dutch: knie

Afrikaans: knie

Limburgish: kneen (plural reanalysed as singular)

From Old Dutch *cnio, from Proto-West Germanic *kneu, from Proto-Germanic *knewą.


cruut

Dutch: kruid
Afrikaans: kruid
Negerhollands: kruid

Dutch: kruit
Berbice Creole Dutch: kriti
Negerhollands: krut
Afrikaans: kruit

Limburgish: kroed

From Old Dutch krūd, from Proto-West Germanic *krūd.

plant, vegetation, herb (as opposed to a tree)


casteel

Dutch: kasteel
Afrikaans: kasteel
Negerhollands: kastell
→ Mahican: găstēnik
→ Malay: kastil
Indonesian: kastel, kastil
→ Papiamentu: kastel
→ West Frisian: kastiel

Limburgish: kestieël

West Flemish: kastêel, kastjil

→ Middle High German: kastēl

German: Kastell (partially)

Borrowed from Old Northern French castel, from Latin castellum.


daet

Dutch: daad
Afrikaans: daad

Limburgish: daod

From Old Dutch dāt, from Proto-West Germanic *dādi.


doec

Dutch: doek
Afrikaans: doek
→ English: doek
→ Shona: dhuku
Berbice Creole Dutch: duku
Jersey Dutch: duk
Negerhollands: doek, doekoe
→ Akan: duku
→ Nkonya: duku
→ Wali (Ghana): ’duuku
→ Akebu: ɖuku-yǝ (via an intermediary language)
→ Lokono: doko
→ Aukan: duku
→ English: duck, dook
→ Fon: dukwí
→ Indonesian: duk
→ Japanese: ズック
→ Mbelime: dukìhṵ̀ (via an intermediary language)
→ Nawdm: dukŋa (via an intermediary language)
→ Scots: dook
→ Sranan Tongo: duku
→ Caribbean Javanese: duku
→ Dutch: doekoe

Limburgish: dook

From Old Dutch *duoc, from Proto-West Germanic *dōk.


draet

Dutch: draad
Afrikaans: draad
→ Aukan: dalati
→ Caribbean Javanese: drat
→ Indonesian: drat (“screw thread”)
→ Papiamentu: drat, drachi

Limburgish: draod

From Old Dutch *thrād, from Proto-Germanic *þrēduz.


broec

Dutch: broek
Afrikaans: broek (see there for further descendants)
Berbice Creole Dutch: bruku
Negerhollands: broek, bruk
→ Akawaio: puuruukuu (via Skepi Creole Dutch)
→ Javanese: ꦧꦿꦸꦏ꧀ (bruk)
→ Lokono: boróko
→ Kupang Malay: baruk, bruk
→ Munsee: pălóok
→ Papiamentu: bruki (from the diminutive)
→ Pemon: puuruukuu (via Skepi Creole Dutch)
→ Russian: брюки (brjuki)
→ Sranan Tongo: bruku (see there for further descendants)

From Old Dutch *bruoc, from Proto-West Germanic *brōk.


broec

Dutch: broek

Limburgish: brook


leghet

alternative spelling of lēget; third-person singular present indicative of liggen


ghehent

alternative spelling of geënt; past participle of enden


vossinne

Dutch: vossin


draf

Dutch: draf

From Old Dutch *draf, from Proto-Germanic *drabaz.


draf

Dutch: draf


sege

Dutch: zege

From Old Dutch *sigi, from Proto-Germanic *segaz.


borch

Dutch: burg, burcht

Afrikaans: burg

Limburgish: bórg, börch


vrient

vrient (nominative singular)
vriende (nominative plural)
vrienden (nominative plural)
vrient (nominative plural)
vrient (accusative singular)
vriende (accusative plural)
vrienden (accusative plural)
vrient (accusative plural)
vriends (genitive singular)
vrients (genitive singular)
vriende (genitive plural)
vrienden (genitive plural)
vriende (dative singular)
vrient (dative singular)
vrienden (dative plural)

Dutch: vriend, vrind
Afrikaans: vriend
Berbice Creole Dutch: frindi
Javindo: friend
Jersey Dutch: vrînt
Negerhollands: vriend, vrient
Petjo: pring (archaic)

Limburgish: vröndj

From Old Dutch friunt, from Proto-West Germanic *friund.


vrient

vrient (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
vriende (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
vrient (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
vriende (indefinite nominative plural)
vriende (definite masculine nominative singular)
vriende (definite feminine nominative singular)
vrienden (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
vriende (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
vrient (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
vriende (accusative indefinite plural)
vriende (accusative definite masculine singular)
vrients (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
vriender (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
vrients (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
vriender (genitive indefinite plural)
vrients (definite genitive masculine singular)
vrienden (definite genitive masculine singular)
vrients (definite feminine genitive singular)
vrienden (definite feminine genitive singular)
vrienden (dative masculine singular)
vriender (dative feminine singular)
vrienden (dative neuter singular)
vrienden (dative plural)

From Old Dutch *friund, from Proto-Germanic *frijōndz.


alijc

ālijc (canonical)
ālijc (indefinite masculine nominative singular)
ālike (feminine indefinite nominative singular)
ālijc (indefinite neuter nominative singular)
ālike (indefinite nominative plural)
ālike (definite masculine nominative singular)
ālike (definite feminine nominative singular)
āliken (accusative indefinite masculine singular)
ālike (accusative feminine indefinite singular)
ālijc (accusative indefinite neuter singular)
ālike (accusative indefinite plural)
ālike (accusative definite masculine singular)
ālijcs (genitive indefinite masculine singular)
āliker (feminine genitive indefinite singular)
ālijcs (genitive indefinite neuter singular)
āliker (genitive indefinite plural)
ālijcs (definite genitive masculine singular)
āliken (definite genitive masculine singular)
ālijcs (definite feminine genitive singular)
āliken (definite feminine genitive singular)
āliken (dative masculine singular)
āliker (dative feminine singular)
āliken (dative neuter singular)
āliken (dative plural)

Dutch: aallijk, allijk

Limburgish: alik


harinc

hârinc (canonical masculine)
hêrinc (alternative)

Dutch: haring
Afrikaans: haring
Negerhollands: heriṅ
→ Caribbean Hindustani: eleng
→ Papiamentu: hering

Limburgish: hieëring

From Old Dutch *hārinc, from Proto-West Germanic *hāring.


antworde

Dutch: antwoord

Limburgish: antjwaord, antjwaordj

From Old Dutch andworde, from Proto-Germanic *andawurdiją.

accountability (in the sense of "answer to")


antworden

antworden (infinitive)
antwordens (genitive infinitive)
antwordene (dative infinitive)
antworde (first-person indicative present singular)
antworde (first-person present singular subjunctive)
antworts (indicative present second-person singular)
antwordes (indicative present second-person singular)
antworts (present second-person singular subjunctive)
antwordes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
antwort (indicative present singular third-person)
antwordet (indicative present singular third-person)
antworde (present singular subjunctive third-person)
antworden (first-person indicative plural present)
antworden (first-person plural present subjunctive)
antwort (indicative plural present second-person)
antwordet (indicative plural present second-person)
antwort (plural present second-person subjunctive)
antwordet (plural present second-person subjunctive)
antworden (indicative plural present third-person)
antworden (plural present subjunctive third-person)
antwort (imperative indicative present singular)
antworde (imperative indicative present singular)
antwort (imperative indicative plural present)
antwordet (imperative indicative plural present)
antwordende (imperative participle present)
antwōorden (alternative)

Dutch: antwoorden

Limburgish: antjwäörje

From Old Dutch antworden, from Proto-Germanic *andawurdijaną.


blusschen

blusschen (infinitive)
blusschens (genitive infinitive)
blusschene (dative infinitive)
blussche (first-person indicative present singular)
blussche (first-person present singular subjunctive)
bluschs (indicative present second-person singular)
blussches (indicative present second-person singular)
bluschs (present second-person singular subjunctive)
blussches (present second-person singular subjunctive)
bluscht (indicative present singular third-person)
blusschet (indicative present singular third-person)
blussche (present singular subjunctive third-person)
blusschen (first-person indicative plural present)
blusschen (first-person plural present subjunctive)
bluscht (indicative plural present second-person)
blusschet (indicative plural present second-person)
bluscht (plural present second-person subjunctive)
blusschet (plural present second-person subjunctive)
blusschen (indicative plural present third-person)
blusschen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
blusch (imperative indicative present singular)
blussche (imperative indicative present singular)
bluscht (imperative indicative plural present)
blusschet (imperative indicative plural present)
blusschende (imperative participle present)
blesschen (alternative)

Dutch: blussen

Limburgish: blösje

desc

→ Middle English: blesshen, bleschen, blessen, blissen

From earlier blesschen. Equivalent to be- + lesschen, but with loss of the unstressed vowel of the unstressed syllable.


lesschen

Dutch: lessen

A merger of two verbs:
* Old Dutch *leskan, from Proto-West Germanic *leskan, a strong verb.
* Old Dutch lesken, from Proto-West Germanic *laskijan, a weak causative of the first.


dinc

desctree

Dutch: ding
Afrikaans: ding
Berbice Creole Dutch: dinggi
Jersey Dutch: däng

Limburgish: dink, ding

matter, affair, question, what one is involved in


wisschen

Dutch: wissen

Limburgish: wösje

From Old Dutch *wisken, from Proto-Germanic *wiskijaną.


besich

bēsich (canonical)
beisich (alternative)
besech (alternative)

Dutch: bezig

Afrikaans: besig

Jersey Dutch: bääzix

Negerhollands: beesig

→ Papiamentu: bezig

→ Sranan Tongo: beisig

Limburgish: bezig

West Flemish: bezig

Zealandic: bezig

From Old Dutch *bisig, from Proto-West Germanic *bisīg. Likely related to the verb bisen (“wander about”) (see also modern Dutch bijster and kissebissen). Cognate to Middle Low German besich, West Frisian beuzich, Old English bisig, English busy.


aelst

Dutch: Aalst


Alcmaer

Dutch: Alkmaar

Alkmaar (a city in the modern Netherlands)


axele

Dutch: Axel


cassel

Dutch: Kassel


colne

Dutch: Keulen


Culenborch

Dutch: Kuilenburg

→ Dutch: Culemborg

Culemborg (a city in the modern Netherlands)


gebruken

Dutch: gebruiken

Limburgish: gebroeke

From Old Dutch gibrūkan, from Proto-Germanic *gabrūkaną. Equivalent to ge- + bruken.

to have free use of, to have at one's disposal, to reap all the rewards of


gebueren

Dutch: gebeuren

Afrikaans: gebeur

Limburgish: gebäöre

From Old Dutch *giburien, from Proto-Germanic *gaburjaną.


taerte

tāerte (canonical feminine)
tarte (alternative)

Dutch: taart, taert (obsolete), teert (archaic, Northern, now dialectal)
Afrikaans: tert
→ Indonesian: tar
Petjo: taart


coeke

Dutch: koek
Afrikaans: koek
→ Sotho: kuku
Berbice Creole Dutch: kuku
Jersey Dutch: kuk
→ Sranan Tongo: kuku
→ Lokono: kuku
→ Aukan: kuku
→ Caribbean Hindustani: kuku
→ Caribbean Javanese: kuku
→ Kwinti: kúku
→ Saramaccan: kúku

⇒ Dutch: koekje, koekie (colloquial) (diminutive)
→ English: cookie (see there for further descendants)
Negerhollands: koeki, kuki, kukkie

Limburgish: kook

→ Bourguignon: couque

→ French: couque

French: cocagne

→? English: Cockaigne

→ Picard: couque

From Old Dutch *kuoko, from Proto-Germanic *kōkô.


danc

Dutch: dank

Limburgish: dank

From Old Dutch *thank, from Proto-Germanic *þankaz.


dieden

dieden (infinitive)
diedens (genitive infinitive)
diedene (dative infinitive)
diede (first-person indicative present singular)
diede (first-person present singular subjunctive)
diets (indicative present second-person singular)
diedes (indicative present second-person singular)
diets (present second-person singular subjunctive)
diedes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
diet (indicative present singular third-person)
diedet (indicative present singular third-person)
diede (present singular subjunctive third-person)
dieden (first-person indicative plural present)
dieden (first-person plural present subjunctive)
diet (indicative plural present second-person)
diedet (indicative plural present second-person)
diet (plural present second-person subjunctive)
diedet (plural present second-person subjunctive)
dieden (indicative plural present third-person)
dieden (plural present subjunctive third-person)
diet (imperative indicative present singular)
diede (imperative indicative present singular)
diet (imperative indicative plural present)
diedet (imperative indicative plural present)
diedende (imperative participle present)
duden (alternative)

Dutch: duiden

Limburgish: duuje

From Old Dutch *thiuden, from Proto-West Germanic *þiudijan.


draven

Dutch: draven, (dialectal) drabben
Afrikaans: draf

Limburgish: drave

From Old Dutch *thravon, from Proto-Germanic *þrabōną.


schepenen

nominative/accusative/genitive/dative plural of schēpen