te

Compare Hawaiian ka (“the”). Resemblance to English the is incidental, but might have been reinforced by it.

Ko te reo te mauri o te mana Maori.

2006, Joanne Barker, Sovereignty Matters, page 208:

The language is the life principle of Maori mana


te

Kī tonu te wharenui i te tamariki.

Referring to a whole class of things or people designated by the noun that follows.

Kei Te Wharehuia, tēnei te mihi atu mō tō āwhina mai.

Wharehuia sir, thank you most sincerely for your help.

Kua oti i a au tāku pukapuka te tuhi.

Used in front of another verb following a stative.

Ka taea e ia tēnei waiata te whakamāori.

She will be able to interpret this song.

Used in front of another verb following taea.

Ā te Rātapu mātou haere ai ki Poihākena.

Used before the names for the days of the week.

I tāwāhi a Pita mō te rima tau.

Sometimes used before numbers with a following noun.

I piki a Tāne-nui-a-rangi ki te tuangahuru mā rua o ngā rangi.
Tāne-nui-a-rangi climbed to the twelfth realm.

Used before ordinal numbers including those using tua-.


A

The first letter of the Maori alphabet, written in the Latin script.


ao

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qalejaw (compare Tagalog araw).


ao

From Proto-Polynesian *qao, from Proto-Oceanic [Term?] (compare Hawaiian ao).


ate

From Proto-Polynesian *qate, from Proto-Oceanic *qate (compare with Fijian yate), from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *qatay, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *qatay, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qatay (compare with Malay hati and Tagalog atay), from Proto-Austronesian *qaCay. Compare with Malay hati for similar connections of this organ with emotions.


kiwi

desctree

→ English: kiwi
→ Catalan: kiwi
→ Dutch: kiwi
→ French: kiwi
→ German: Kiwi
→ Korean: 키위 (kiwi)
→ Polish: kiwi
→ Portuguese: quivi

From Proto-Polynesian *kiu, from Proto-Oceanic *kiuk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kiuk (“cheep, peep”), probably onomatopoeic for the bird's cry.


wiki

to form circular ripples on the surface of a fluid


i

particle indicating the direct object of a transitive sentence


one

From Proto-Polynesian *qone, from Proto-Austronesian *qənay.


rite

From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *lite. Compare Hawaiian like.

whakarite

to make something equal, to make something similar


o

In 1979 a gathering of elders at the Waananga kaumatua affirmed te reo Maori “Ko te reo te mauri o te mana Maori” the language is the life principle of Maori mana.


kawa

From Proto-Polynesian *kawa (cognates include Hawaiian ʻawa, Tongan kava and Samoan ʻava) from Proto-Oceanic *kawaʀ (“potent root”) metathesis of Proto-Oceanic *wakaʀ (“root”), thus doublet of aka. Sense of plant lost with species introduced to Aotearoa dying out due to its cold climate. Sense of "marae protocol" seems to be a modern extension.


kawa

a ceremony to remove tapu from a new house or canoe

karakia (“ritual chants”) and customs for the opening of new houses, canoes and other events

marae protocol - customs of the marae and wharenui, particularly those related to formal activities such as pōhiri, speeches and mihimihi

(obsolete) kava, plant brought by ancestors from the South Pacific, Piper methysticum.


kawa

to perform the kawa ceremony, open a new house


ia

From Proto-Polynesian *ia, from Proto-Oceanic *ia, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ia, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ia, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(si-)ia, from Proto-Austronesian *(si-)ia. Compare Indonesian ia, Tagalog siya.

I titiro ia ki te kurī.

they / he / she / it (genderless third person pronoun)


pata

From Proto-Polynesian *pata (compare with Tahitian pata (“to flick, to flip”) and tōpata (“droplet, to drip”), Hawaiian paka (“to strike of raindrops, to patter”)) from Proto-Oceanic *bata.


rata

From Proto-Oceanic *lasa (Compare Fijian lasa).


aku

tāku (alienable first-person possessed-single possessive)
tōku (first-person inalienable possessed-single possessive)
taku (first-person inalienable possessed-single possessive)
āku (alienable first-person possessed-many possessive)
ōku (first-person inalienable possessed-many possessive)
aku (first-person possessed-many possessive)
tāu (alienable possessed-single possessive second-person)
tōu (inalienable possessed-single possessive second-person)
tō (inalienable possessed-single possessive second-person)
āu (alienable possessed-many possessive second-person)
ōu (inalienable possessed-many possessive second-person)
ō (possessed-many possessive second-person)
tāna (alienable possessed-single possessive third-person)
tōna (inalienable possessed-single possessive third-person)
tana (inalienable possessed-single possessive third-person)
āna (alienable possessed-many possessive third-person)
ōna (inalienable possessed-many possessive third-person)
ana (possessed-many possessive third-person)
tā tāua (alienable dual first-person inclusive possessed-single possessive)
tō tāua (dual first-person inalienable inclusive possessed-single possessive)
ā tāua (alienable dual first-person inclusive possessed-many possessive)
ō tāua (dual first-person inalienable inclusive possessed-many possessive)
tā māua (alienable dual exclusive first-person possessed-single possessive)
tō māua (dual exclusive first-person inalienable possessed-single possessive)
ā māua (alienable dual exclusive first-person possessed-many possessive)
ō māua (dual exclusive first-person inalienable possessed-many possessive)
tā kōrua (alienable dual possessed-single possessive second-person)
tō kōrua (dual inalienable possessed-single possessive second-person)
ā kōrua (alienable dual possessed-many possessive second-person)
ō kōrua (dual inalienable possessed-many possessive second-person)
tā rāua (alienable dual possessed-single possessive third-person)
tō rāua (dual inalienable possessed-single possessive third-person)
ā rāua (alienable dual possessed-many possessive third-person)
ō rāua (dual inalienable possessed-many possessive third-person)
tā tātou (alienable first-person inclusive plural possessed-single possessive subjective)
tō tātou (first-person inalienable inclusive plural possessed-single possessive subjective)
ā tātou (alienable first-person inclusive plural possessed-many possessive subjective)
ō tātou (first-person inalienable inclusive plural possessed-many possessive subjective)
tā mātou (alienable exclusive first-person plural possessed-single possessive subjective)
tō mātou (exclusive first-person inalienable plural possessed-single possessive subjective)
ā mātou (alienable exclusive first-person plural possessed-many possessive subjective)
ō mātou (exclusive first-person inalienable plural possessed-many possessive subjective)
tā koutou (alienable plural possessed-single possessive second-person subjective)
tō koutou (inalienable plural possessed-single possessive second-person subjective)
ā koutou (alienable plural possessed-many possessive second-person subjective)
ō koutou (inalienable plural possessed-many possessive second-person subjective)
tā rātou (alienable plural possessed-single possessive subjective third-person)
tō rātou (inalienable plural possessed-single possessive subjective third-person)
ā rātou (alienable plural possessed-many possessive subjective third-person)
ō rātou (inalienable plural possessed-many possessive subjective third-person)
alienable possession (alienable plural possessive subjective)
inalienable possession (inalienable plural possessive subjective)

From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *au, from Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *au, from Proto-Polynesian *au, from Proto-Oceanic *au, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aku, from Proto-Austronesian *aku.
 Cognate with Indonesian aku, Malagasy aho, Tagalog ako.

Ko aku tīpuna ērā.

my (when talking of more than one thing)


me

Cognate with Hawaiian me (“with”) and Samoan ma (“and, with”).

Conjunctive
and (joins two noun phrases)

with (indicates people or things present when an event occurs)

must, should (used before verbs to form a weak command)

Me whā rawa?

must be (used before nouns and adjectives)

how should it be done (used before pēhea and a clause)

Comparative
if only (reverses what is stated)


mana

→ English: mana

From Proto-Polynesian *mana, from Proto-Oceanic *mana.


aha

From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *afa, from Proto-Oceanic *apa, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *apa, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *apa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *apa.


kopa

floor space and corner on the left on entering a wharenui – normally the place where the local people of the marae sit or sleep


kopa

wallet, satchel (with a flap lid), sandal


au

From Proto-Polynesian *au, from Proto-Oceanic *(i-)au, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)aku, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)aku.

Ka pīrangi au te kikokiko pākeha

2021, “Titokowaru”, performed by Alien Weaponry:

I crave the flesh of the Pakeha (white man)


au

From Proto-Polynesian *qau, from Proto-Oceanic *qaʀus, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaʀus (“current, flow”).


au

From Proto-Polynesian *qahu, from Proto-Oceanic *qasu (“gall; gall bladder”).


au

From Proto-Polynesian *qahu, from Proto-Oceanic *qasu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qasu (“smoke; fume; steam”).


au

From Proto-Polynesian *(q)au (“howl, bark”).


ika

From Proto-Polynesian *ika, from Proto-Oceanic *ikan, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ikan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hikan, from Proto-Austronesian *Sikan (compare Malay ikan).

Kātahi anō te ika ka kai ki tana matau.

Then the fish began to bite at his hook.

Ka kī ngā pihapiha o te ika rā i te onepū, ka mate.

When the blowholes of that whale were full of sand, it died.

fish, marine animal, aquatic animal - any creature that swims in fresh or salt water including marine mammals such as whales


ika

cluster, band, troop, group, company, heap


motu

From Proto-Polynesian *motu (compare with Hawaiian moku) from Proto-Oceanic *motus (“broken off, detached”) (compare with Fijian yamotu), possibly from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma-utus.

island, country, land, nation, clump of trees, ship; anything separated or isolated


motu

to sever, cut, cut off, set free, separate

to be separated, moved to a distance - especially in the phrase motu ki te ara


mate

From Proto-Polynesian *mate, from Proto-Oceanic *mate, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(m-)atay, from Proto-Austronesian *(m-)aCay.


mate

(stative) to be sick, ill, unwell, diseased

(stative) to be defeated, conquered, beaten, overcome

(stative) to be in want of, deeply in love


tau

From Proto-Polynesian *taqu (compare Hawaiian kau), from Proto-Oceanic, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taqun (compare Malay tahun, Tagalog taón).

year (time it takes for the Earth to complete one revolution of the Sun)

year (time it takes for any planetary body to make one revolution around another body)

year (a period between set dates that mark a year)

year (scheduled part of a calendar year spent in a specific activity)

year (level or grade at school or college)


tau

From Proto-Polynesian *tau, from Proto-Oceanic, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taʀuq (compare Malay taruh).


tau

From Proto-Polynesian *tau, from Proto-Oceanic, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taqu, from Proto-Austronesian *Caqu (compare Malay tahu).


Aotearoa

→ Hawaiian: Aotearoa

→ Paiwan: Autearua

→ Tahitian: Aotearoa

Possibly from ao (“cloud, daytime, world”) + tea (“white”) + roa (“long, tall”); often translated as “the land of the long white cloud” (the assumption presumably being that the phrase referred to a mountainous land seen on the horizon from a canoe, after an ocean voyage). The term may have originally referred to the North Island only.
The original name used by the indigenous Polynesian population was Te Ika Nui A Maui or Te Ika-a-Māui (“The great fish of Maui”); from te (“the”) + ika (“fish”) + nui (“big, great, large”) + a (“of”) + Māui (a Polynesian demigod).

compound

(obsolete) North Island (of New Zealand)

New Zealand (a country and archipelago in Oceania, to the east of Australia)

God Defend New Zealand
God Defend New Zealand

The Māori name for the national anthem of New Zealand, God Defend New Zealand


pare

From Proto-Oceanic *pale₂ (cognate with Hawaiian pale (“headdress, cover”), Samoan pale and Tongan pale (both “wreath”))


pare

From Proto-Oceanic *pale₁ (cognate with Hawaiian pale)


tuna

From Proto-Polynesian *tuna, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuna, from Proto-Austronesian *tuNa (“freshwater eel”).

inh

eel of various species, including longfin eels (Anguilla dieffenbachii) and shortfin eels (Anguilla australis)


tea

From Proto-Polynesian *tea. Compare Hawaiian kea and Rapa Nui tea tea.


papa

From Proto-Polynesian *papa, from Proto-Oceanic *papan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *papan (compare with Malay papan or Hawaiian papa).


Māori

From māori (“normal”). This usage arose after contact with Westerners and the resulting need to specify different ethnic groups.

In 1979 a gathering of elders at the Waananga kaumatua affirmed te reo Maori “Ko te reo te mauri o te mana Maori” the language is the life principle of Maori mana. (Note: this quotation comes from a text that does not show macrons.)

2006, Joanne Barker, Sovereignty Matters (in English), page 208:

Maori, Māori
the Māori culture or ethnicity

a member of the Māori culture or ethnicity, a Māori person


manu

From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *manu, from Proto-Oceanic *manu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *manuk, from Proto-Austronesian *manuk.

(figuratively) a person held in high esteem


raro

From Proto-Polynesian *lalo (compare with Hawaiian lalo), from Proto-Oceanic *ralom, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daləm (compare with Malay dalam), from Proto-Austronesian *daləm.

Ka tae tō wairua ki raro.


ono

From Proto-Polynesian *ono, from Proto-Oceanic *onom, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *onəm, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ənəm, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ənəm, from Proto-Austronesian *ənəm.


kura

From Proto-Oceanic *gurat noni (Morinda citrifolia), referring to use of its roots that yield a red dye. Cognate with Fijian kura.


kura

school, an educational institution providing primary and secondary education.


inu

Ka inu tō toto, Kaiwhatu ahau, Paimārire mātou

2021, “Kai Whatu”, performed by Alien Weaponry:

Your blood is drunk, I am The Eye Eater, We are Paimārire


ua

From Proto-Eastern Polynesian, from Proto-Nuclear Polynesian, from Proto-Polynesian, from Proto-Oceanic, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *uʀat, from Proto-Austronesian.


hoe

From Proto-Polynesian *fohe, from Proto-Central Pacific *voce, from Proto-Oceanic *pose, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *boʀse, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bəʀsay (“canoe paddle”).


kea

→ English: kea

→ French: kéa

→ Finnish: kea

→ German: Kea

→ Italian: kea

→ Russian: ке́а (kéa)

From Proto-Polynesian *kea (“hawksbill turtle”).

Nestor notabilis
Nestor notabilis#Translingual


puka

From Proto-Polynesian *puka (“any littoral Pisonia, Hernandia spp.”) – compare with Tongan puka and Samoan puʻa vai (“Pisonia grandis”), Samoan puʻa (“ibid., Hernandia nymphaeifolia”). Modern sense of introduced cabbage from large size of its leaves.


wai

From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *wai, from Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *wai, from Proto-Polynesian *wai, from Proto-Oceanic *waiʀ, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *waiʀ, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *waiʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wahiʀ (compare with Malay air).


kai

From Proto-Polynesian *kai, from Proto-Oceanic *kani, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaən (compare with Malay makan), from Proto-Austronesian *kaən (compare with Tagalog kain).


kai

→ English: kai


puke

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian, from Proto-Austronesian (compare Fijian buke, Malay bukit).


ko

Placed at the beginning of nominative phrases to signify that they are declarative


tio

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian (compare Hawaiian kio, Malay tiram).


tia

From Proto-Polynesian *tia, from Proto-Oceanic *tian, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tian (compare with Malay tian), from Proto-Austronesian *tiaN.


toke

From Proto-Polynesian *toke (compare with hōtoke, Hawaiian koʻekoʻe, Tahitian toʻetoʻe).


moa

→ English: moa


kite

From Proto-Polynesian *kite (compare with Hawaiian ʻike, Tahitian ʻite) from Proto-Oceanic *kita-i suffixed from *kita from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kita (“to see”) (compare with Tagalog kita).


-na

Used in contractions with particles of possession of third person pronouns.


-u

Used in contractions with particles of possession to mean you


eke

From Proto-Polynesian *heke (compare with Tongan heka; Tahitian eʻe; South Marquesan eʻe; North Marquesan eke; Hawaiian eʻe) from Proto-Oceanic *sake (compare with Fijian cake (“up”)), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sakay (“to ride on something”) (compare with Ilocano sakáy (“to ride, to mound”) and Tagalog sakáy (“passenger, load”)). Sense of "surfing" from overlap with heke. Doublet of ekeeke.


Hera

a female given name, equivalent to English Sarah


te reo

→ English: te reo

Clipping of te reo Māori; equivalent to te (definite article) + reo (“language, speech”).

compound

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see te, reo.


-a

passive ending (used mainly for verbs with one or two vowels)


matira

E whakanohohia tētahi tangata i runga i te taumata matira i ngā rā katoa hei matira ki te tangata haere, ki te ope taua rānei.

A man was stationed on the lookout summit every day to watch the travellers, or for war parties.


nana

From Proto-Polynesian *naa-naa (“to look at something”). Doublet of nānā.


whare

→ English: whare

From Proto-Polynesian *fale, from Proto-Central-Eastern Oceanic *vale, from Proto-Oceanic *pale, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *balay.

Kua tūtakina te whare none i Tūranga nei, kua hokona te whare me te whenua, ko ngā none kua hoki anō ki te kākahu o te ao.

The nunnery here in Gisborne has closed and the land and building have been sold, the nuns have returned to worldly garments

E te whare nei, titiro tāua ki te tangata nei.

People of this house, let us look at this man.


hongi

To perform the Maori greeting of touching noses.


hue

From Proto-Polynesian *fue (compare with Hawaiian hue)

Lagenaria siceraria
Lagenaria siceraria#Translingual

any container using the shell of this fruit, calabash


ana

From Proto-Polynesian *qana. Cognate to Samoan ana.


maki

From Proto-Polynesian *masaki, from Proto-Oceanic *masakit, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sakit.


maki

sore (injured, infected, inflamed, or diseased patch of skin)


pipi

The edible saltwater clam Paphies australis, of the family Mesodesmatidae, endemic to New Zealand.


rahi

importance, (important person, important people)


mai

From Proto-Polynesian *mai, Proto-Oceanic, Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *maʀi.


tai

From Proto-Polynesian *tai, from Proto-Oceanic *tasik, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tasik (compare with Malay tasik).


aka

From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *aka, from Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *aka, from Proto-Polynesian *aka (compare with Hawaiian aʻa), from Proto-Oceanic *(w)akaʀ, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *(w)akaʀ, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *(w)akaʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(w)akaʀ (compare with Malay akar).


maka

throw, fling, cast, pass (with the hands)

Makaia ai ngā purapura ki roto i te awa kia kuhu tahi me ngā wātakirihi, hei te wā e hauhakea ai he huaranga kau i ngā pūtake o ngā wātakirihi e kohia ana.

Place the tubers in the stream to join with the watercress, and at the time of harvest, transplant the roots of the watercress you are collecting.


maka

Nā, ka mea kia tukua ngā aho o ngā tukana, ka motokia tōna ihu e Māui; taratīa ana te toto. Ka rere, ka taratī te karukaru, ka pōtaea ki runga ki tōna maka hei mounu.
Now, when his older brothers let out their lines, Māui punched his nose and blood spurted out. The blood flowed, spurting out and he smeared it on his his fish-hook as bait.


maka

He maka e 2 kapa, e 4 kapa.
Mugs, twopence or four pence.


waka

→ English: waka


hauwai

head

hauwai (plural (but rare or inexistent) hauwai)


muri

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian [Term?] (compare Indonesian kemudian, Fijian muri).


ora

From Proto-Polynesian *ola, from Proto-Oceanic, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wada (“to exist”). Cognate with Malay ada (“to have, to exist, to be”).

inh

to be alive, well, safe, cured, recovered, healthy


akiri

head

akiri (passive akiria or akiringia or akiritia)

akiria (passive)
akiringia (passive)
akiritia (passive)


tiki

→ English: tiki

⇒ tiki bar

⇒ tiki culture

⇒ tiki restaurant

⇒ tiki resort

⇒ tiki torch

From Proto-Polynesian *tiki (compare with Tahitian tiʻi and Hawaiian kiʻi).


mina

From Proto-Polynesian *mina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *minat (compare with Malay minat).


mina

mina (passive minatia or minahia or minaia)

minatia (passive)
minahia (passive)
minaia (passive)


roto

From Proto-Polynesian *loto (Compare Hawaiian loko, Tahitian roto, Tongan loto).


haka

→ English: haka

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: haka

→ Czech: haka

From Proto-Polynesian *saka, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sakaŋ. Word is cognate with Hawaiian haʻa (“dance”), Mangarevan ʻaka (“to perform a traditional dance; a usually warlike dance accompanied by a chant”), Rarotongan ʻaka (“dance”), Samoan saʻa (“dance”), Tokelauan haka (“dance”), Tongan haka (“hand action made while singing”).


rua

From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *rua, from Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *rua, from Proto-Polynesian *rua, from Proto-Oceanic *rua, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *dua, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *dua, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duha, from Proto-Austronesian *duSa.


rua

From Proto-Eastern Polynesian, from Proto-Nuclear Polynesian, from Proto-Polynesian, from Proto-Oceanic, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian (compare Malay lubang).


ama

From Proto-Polynesian *hama. Cognates include Tongan hama and Hawaiian ama.


tuku

From Proto-Polynesian *tuku (“to let go, to release”) (compare with Tokelauan tuku, Samoan tuʻu, Tahitian tuʻu and Hawaiian kuʻu).


kau

From Proto-Polynesian *kau (compare with Hawaiian ʻau), from Proto-Oceanic *kayu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kahiw (compare with Malay kayu), from Proto-Austronesian *kaSiw.


Wiki

a female given name, short for Wikitoria


tangi

From Proto-Polynesian *taŋi, from Proto-Oceanic *taŋis, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taŋis (compare with Malay tangis), from Proto-Austronesian *Caŋis.

Whakarongo mai ki te tangi o nga pū i runga i te taumata a Pukehinahina

2018, “Rū Ana Te Whenua”, performed by Alien Weaponry:

Listen to the sound of the guns on the hilltop of Pukehinahina


Manu

From manu (“bird”), also a short form of compound names containing this word.


Meri

a female given name, equivalent to English Mary


ka

Marks an event as occurring at some time or as existing

when; used before a verb to indicate the start of an action or state

Ka tahi, ka rua, ka toru...

ātou ka haere

now (for the first time); when used after kātahi anō


māori

→ English: Maori, Māori

From Proto-Polynesian *ma(a)qoli (“true, genuine, real”). Compare Hawaiian maoli.

normal, usual, natural, common, ordinary

native, indigenous, fresh (of water), belonging to Aotearoa/New Zealand, clear, intelligible

freely, without restraint, without ceremony, without object, unannounced


māori

aboriginal inhabitant, indigenous person, native (especially of the Pacific islands)


tonga

Inherited from Proto-Polynesian *toŋa (“south wind”), possibly from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təŋaq (“centre”).
No words for the cardinal directions can be unambiguously reconstructed for Proto-Polynesian, as there would be little use for them on the small Polynesian islands. However, on the much larger North Island (Te Ika-a-Māui) and South Island (Te Waipounamu) of New Zealand, the usefulness of such terminology led the Māori to adopt this word for "south".

inh+

Australian National University
Bruce Biggs
South Island


paki

From Proto-Polynesian *paki₁ (“to clap, to slap, to hit, to beat”) (compare with Hawaiian paʻi, Tahitian paʻipaʻi and pāʻi plus Samoan paʻipaʻi), from Proto-Oceanic *baki from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pakpak₁ (“to clap, to flap”) (compare with Malay papak (“clapper”), Tagalog pakpák (“wing”) and palakpák (“applause”) plus Cebuano pakpák (“applause”)). Sense of printing extended from Maori beating of aute fabric from paper mulberry, compare with Hawaiian paʻi on similar analogue from kapa production using the same plant. Doublet of papaki (“to slap, to spank”) and pā (“to touch, to strike”).


mata

From Proto-Polynesian *mata (compare with Hawaiian maka and Tokelauan mata), from Proto-Oceanic *mataq, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *matah (compare with Malay mentah), from Proto-Austronesian *moto.


mata

From Proto-Polynesian *mata (cognate with Hawaiian maka and Tahitian mata), Proto-Oceanic *mata, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mata (cognate with Malay mata), from Proto-Austronesian *maCa.


reka

From Proto-Polynesian *leka (compare Hawaiian leʻa, Tahitian ʻārearea, Tongan neka and nekaneka).


tangata māori

human being (as opposed to supernatural being)


tāngata

Kahore a te Ture titiro kanohi t[ā]ngata. / The Law is no respecter of persons.


whenua

From Proto-Polynesian *fenua (cognate with Hawaiian henua and Tahitian fenua), from Proto-Central Pacific *vanua, from Proto-Oceanic *panua, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *banua (compare with Malay benua).


tangata

From Proto-Polynesian *taŋata from Proto-Oceanic *tamʷata, cognate with Hawaiian kanaka, Tahitian taʻata and Samoan tagata.

Ta ratou, ma te tangata mate i te mahi he a tetahi, ma nga whanaung ranei o te tangata i patua, ma ratou tonu e whakawa te tangata hara, ma ratou tonu e whiu, e whakamate ranei, me he mea ka tika ki to ratou na whakaaro kia mate ia.

1858, Francis Dart Fenton, The Laws of England, Compiled and translated into the Māori language:

With them, it is usual for the man who has been injured, or for the relations of a man slain, not only to judge, but to punish the offender, and even, if they think it just that he should die, to kill him


ahi

From Proto-Polynesian *afi, from Proto-Oceanic *api, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *api, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *apuy, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy (compare with Malay api), from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.


reo

From Proto-Polynesian *leo, from Proto-Oceanic *leqo, doublet of Proto-Oceanic *liqo, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *liqə, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *liqəʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *liqəʀ (“neck”).


kia

I tonoa rātou kia waiata.

to; that (indicates a purpose, wish or effect) (used if second verb is passive or stative, or if the subject of the subordinate clause is different to the main clause)

Kia tūpato

(let) be, may (there be) (indicates desirability)

Kia hia ngā tīkiti māu?


oma

run, race, flee, escape, move quickly, run away


kōwhai

Cognate with Hawaiian 'ōhai (“Sesbania tomentosa”), Tahitian ofai (“Sesbania grandiflora”) and South Marquesan kohai (“Caesalpinia pulcherrima”) from Proto-Polynesian *kōfai.

cog

Any of several small woody legume trees in the genus Sophora native to New Zealand that have yellow flowers. The national flower of New Zealand.


utu

From Proto-Polynesian, from Proto-Oceanic, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *utuŋ (compare Hawaiian uku, Malay untung).


puku

From Proto-Polynesian *puku₁ (compare with Hawaiian puʻu and Tahitian puʻu), from Proto-Oceanic *buku from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bukuh (compare with Malay buku (“node, lump, loaf”)). Sense of stomach displaced manawa. Also doublet of kupu, see there for more details.


puku

→ English: puku


ura

From Proto-Polynesian *qura, from Proto-Oceanic *quraŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qudaŋ, from Proto-Austronesian *qudaŋ.


hau

a present given in return for another gift


hau

hau kāinga

home, true home, local people of a marae, home people, locals


hui

From Proto-Polynesian from Proto-Oceanic *pui₁ (“bunch of fruit”) (compare with Hawaiian hui (“troupe, association, society, club”) and Tahitian hui (“group”) plus Hawaiian huihui (“cluster, collection, bunch”) and Tahitian huihui (“collection”)). Doublet of huihui.


hui

gathering, meeting, assembly, seminar, conference


aro

From Proto-Polynesian *qaro, from Proto-Oceanic *qarop, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qadəp (“front, facing part”).

inh

Kua maringi i a koe ki runga i to aro.

Ko te paenga e tūtaki ai ētahi hau whakapipi e rua, ka kīia he aro.

The boundary where two air masses meet is called a front.


aro

head

aro (passive arohia or arongia or arotia)

arohia (passive)
arongia (passive)
arotia (passive)

Me aro te kaikōrero ki te hunga turi, kia kite ai rātou i tōna waha e kōrero na.

The speaker should face toward the deaf people so that they can see her mouth when she is talking.

(transitive) to turn toward something or someone


unu

From Proto-Polynesian *unu, from Proto-Oceanic *unus, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hunus, from Proto-Austronesian *SuNus (“withdraw, pull out, extract”).


unu

to pull off, put off, take off (clothes, etc.)


unu

From Proto-Polynesian *unu, variant of *inu.


ara

From Proto-Polynesian *sala, from Proto-Oceanic *salan, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zalan (compare with Malay jalan), from Proto-Austronesian *zalan (compare with Tagalog daan).

path (a trail for the use of, or worn by, pedestrians)

path (a method or direction of proceeding)

street (paved part of road in a village or a town)

track (path or course laid out for a race or exercise)


ara

araia (passive)
arahia (passive)
aratia (passive)

From Proto-Polynesian *qara, from Proto-Central Pacific *qadra.

Nā tētahi nūpepa te kōrero inatata nei kei te ara mai anō te reo Māori.
Just recently a newspaper reported that the Māori language is reviving.


puta

From Proto-Polynesian *puta. Compare Hawaiian puka.


horo

From Proto-Polynesian *solo₃ (compare with Hawaiian holo, Tahitian horo, Samoan solo) from Proto-Polynesian *ŋaasolo (“to move swiftly forward”).


tiri

From Proto-Polynesian *tili (“hand net”) (compare with Samoan tili (“to cast a net, to net”), Hawaiian kili (“to rain gently, to drizzle”), Tahitian tiri, Tongan sili (“to net”))

cognate

to throw or place one by one, to stack in a row


taka

From Proto-Polynesian *taka (compare with Hawaiian kaʻa (“to revolve, to twist, to pass”), Tahitian taʻa (“to tumble”), Tongan taka (“to wander, to roam”), Samoan taʻa (“to wander, to roam”)).


marama

Ultimately from Proto-Oceanic *ramaʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *damaʀ (“tree resin”) (compare with Malay damar (“resin”)), either:
# via Proto-Polynesian *ma-ramaa (“to shine”) (compare with Hawaiian malama, Tahitian marama), from Proto-Oceanic *ma-ramaʀ (“to shine”),
# via Proto-Polynesian *rama, from Proto-Oceanic *rama (compare with Fijian rama and rarama “light”)
Doublet of mārama, rama, and mā.


ato

From Proto-Polynesian *qato (compare with Tahitian ato, Hawaiian ako), from Proto-Oceanic *qatop, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qatəp (compare with Malay atap, Tagalog atip).


ato

atohia (passive)
atotia (passive)
atoa (passive)

On that island the houses are thatched with the leaves of the coconut tree.

I taua moutere ka atohia ngā whare ki ngā rau o te niu. (PK 2008:40)


tiro

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian, compare Indonesian and Malay tinjau.


awa

Inherited from Proto-Polynesian *awa (“channel, opening in a reef”).
Other Polynesian languages generally retain the Proto-Polynesian meaning (e.g. Hawaiian awa); the word was adapted to mean "river" in Māori because the large rivers of New Zealand were more similar to channels than to the small streams (Proto-Polynesian *waitafe) the Māori knew before settling New Zealand.

inh+

Australian National University
Bruce Biggs


iwa

From Proto-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Oceanic *hiwa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Austronesian *Siwa.


ihu

Inherited from Proto-Polynesian, from Proto-Oceanic *icu (compare Fijian ucu and ucuna, Samoan isu), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ijuŋ (compare Tagalog ilong, Malay hidung), *ujuŋ, from Proto-Austronesian *mujiŋ.


koe

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kahu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kaSu. Compare Indonesian kau, Tagalog ikaw, Javanese kowe.


koe

(of a bird or animal) to squeak, scream, squawk or cry


iro

head

iro (used in a reduplicated form as iroiro)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qulej, (compare Indonesian ulat (“caterpillar”), Malay ulat (“worm, maggot”), Fijian ulo, Chamorro ulo').


uta

From Proto-Polynesian *quta (compare with Hawaiian uka and Tongan ʻuta), from Proto-Oceanic *qutan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qutan (compare with Malay hutan (“jungle, forest”) and Iban utan (“ibid.”)), from Proto-Austronesian *quCaN (“scrubland, bush”).

inh

interior (the inside regions of a country or island)


uta

From Proto-Polynesian *uta, from Proto-Oceanic *(ʀ)ucan (“load, cargo, freight”).

uta mai

uta atu


ā

The second letter of the Maori alphabet, written in the Latin script.


ā

Likely cognate with Hawaiian ā (“jaw; cheekbone”).


ā

Likely cognate with Hawaiian ʻā (“to drive, to urge (such as cattle)”).

cog

to drive something, such as cattle or other livestock


tō

From Proto-Polynesian *to (compare with Hawaiian kō and Tongan tō), from Proto-Oceanic *topu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təbuh (compare with Malay tebu), from Proto-Austronesian *təbuS. Sense of stem displaced the original plant meaning as sugarcane did not survive the cold New Zealand climate.


tō

to drag or open/shut (incl. both physical and computer windows)


tō

(possessive, neutral/informal) your (singular) (Must be followed by a noun.)

belonging to (combines with dual and plural pronouns)

He motokā tō Timu.


tō

tō te taringa


tuatara

Said to be from tua (“on the back”) + tara (“spike”).


mauri

→ English: mauri

From Proto-Polynesian *maquri, from Proto-Oceanic *maqurip, from *qurip, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qudip, from Proto-Austronesian *qudip (“life, alive”).

inh

In 1979 a gathering of elder at the Waananga kaumatua affirmed te reo Maori “Ko te reo te mauri o te mana Maori” the language is the life principle of Maori mana.

life principle; metaphorical soul; source of life


rama

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian (compare Indonesian damar).


taro

→ English: taro

Tok Pisin: taro

→ French: taro

→ German: Taro

From Proto-Polynesian *talo, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taləs (compare with Malay talas and Javanese tales).


ata

From Proto-Polynesian *ata. Cognates include Hawaiian aka, Samoan ata, and Tokelauan ata.


tua

From Proto-Polynesian *tuqa (compare with Samoan tua (“beyond, outside”), Tahitian tua (“ridge, crest”), Tongan tuʻa and Hawaiian kua).


marae

→ English: marae

From Proto-Oceanic *malaqe (“cleared space”). Cognate with Rapa Nui marae, Tahitian marae, Samoan malae, Tongan malaʻe.

The courtyard of a wharenui or meeting-house and the buildings around it.


pari

From Proto-Polynesian *pali (“cliff”) (compare with Hawaiian pali, Tahitian pari).


moto

From Proto-Polynesian *moto (compare with Hawaiian moko, Tahitian moto, Tongan moto and momoto)

to strike with the fist, to punch, to box


toko

From Proto-Polynesian *toko (compare with Samoan toʻo, Hawaiian koʻo) from Proto-Oceanic *tokon, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təkən (“bamboo punting pole, to press downward”) (compare with Malay tekan, Tagalog tikin).


uru

From Proto-Polynesian *huru, from Proto-Oceanic *surup, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *surup (“enter, penetrate”).

Kei te whakaaro a Pāpā taihoa au ka toa ki te kauhoe, koia au i tohua ai kia uru i ia raumati.

2020, Jeff Kinney, translated by Hēni Jacob, Te Rātaka a Tama Hūngoingoi Ko Rodrick Kei Runga:

Dad's got this idea that I'm destined to be a great swimmer or something, so that's why he makes me join the team every summer.


uru

From Proto-Polynesian *qulu, from Proto-Oceanic *qulu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qulu, from Proto-Austronesian *quluh (“head”).

Ko wai te uru o tēnei ope?


uru

From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *uru (“southwesterly wind”); perhaps originally a semantic extension of Etymology 1.
No words for the cardinal directions can be unambiguously reconstructed for Proto-Polynesian, as there would be little use for them on the small Polynesian islands. However, on the much larger North Island (Te Ika-a-Māui) and South Island (Te Waipounamu) of New Zealand, the usefulness of such terminology led the Māori to adopt this word for "west".


pākehā

English: Pakeha

Likely shortened from pakepakehā, which is of unknown origin. The Te Aka Māori dictionary entry cites Mohi Tūrei for the claim that the term is originally from a chant that European sailors sang when raising the anchor.

Ka pīrangi au te kikokiko pākehā


pākehā

Ko tēnei taonga ko Whakarewa ināianei kai tētahi o ngā uri o Te Amo-hau, engari he uri kua Pākehā rawa.
This treasure, Whakarewa, is now with one of Te Amo-hau's descendants, but this descendant has become too much of a Pākehā.

to become pākehā, to become westernised or influenced by British culture


kurī

From Proto-Polynesian *kuli (compare with Samoan ulī, Tongan kulī, Tahitian ʻurī and ʻūrī, Rarotongan kurī, Tuamotuan kurio and kuri, Hawaiian ʻīlio) from Proto-Oceanic *kuli (compare with Fijian koli). Sense of horse from semantic extension, Elsdon Best famously recorded a oral retelling of Tūhoe elder Te Maitaranui first seeing "man-carrying dogs" (kurī waha tangata) whilst visiting the Bay of Islands circa 1820; see also connection between Hawaiian ʻīlio and lio (“horse”) as well as in North American languages like between Cree ᒥᐢᑕᑎᒼ (mistatim, “horse”) and ᐊᑎᒼ (atim, “dog”).


iwi

From Proto-Polynesian *hui (cognate with Samoan ivi and Tahitian ivi), from Proto-Oceanic *suʀi/ruʀi (“thorn, splinter, fish bone”), from Proto-Austronesian *duʀi (“thorn”).

Iwi Poa

Afrikaners, Boers - South Africans of Dutch descent

patu iwi

bone weapon, weapon for destroying people; genocide

tikanga ā-iwi

cultural practice, social science, tribal custom

extended kinship group, tribe, nation, people, nationality, race (often refers to a large group of people descended from a common ancestor and associated with a distinct territory)


mihi

→ English: mihi


heu

From Proto-Polynesian *seu (compare with Tahitian heu, Tongan heu (“to ward off, to stir, to rake”), Samoan seu (“to ward off”), Fijian seu (“to scratch, to paw, to scoop”). Doublet of heuheu.


-ina

passive ending (used for words ending in 'a')


marino

From Proto-Polynesian *malino. Cognate with Hawaiian malino.


marino

to be calm or still (usually of the sea)


hara

From Proto-Polynesian *sala (cognate with Hawaiian hala), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *salaq (compare with Malay salah).


hara

crime, offence, transgression, wrongdoing


tū

From Proto-Polynesian *tuqur (cognate with Hawaiian kū and Tongan tuʻu), from Proto-Oceanic *tuqu (cognate with Fijian tū), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuquD.


kuru

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kuluʀ. Cognates include Hawaiian ʻulu, Fijian kulu, Malay kulur.

Kīhai te kuru, te niu me te panana i tipu ki Aotearoa nei – he tipu ēnei i mauria haere e ngā tīpuna Māori i ō rātou torotoronga i Te Moananui-a-Kiwa.
Breadfruit, coconut palms and bananas did not grow in New Zealand – these were plants Māori ancestors carried throughout the Pacific in their explorations.


kuru

head

kuru (passive kurua or kurungia or kurutia)

kurua (passive)
kurungia (passive)
kurutia (passive)

From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *kulu (“to strike”).

inh

to strike with a fist; to pound or thump


tapu

From Proto-Polynesian *tapu, from Proto-Oceanic *tabu, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *tambu. Cognate with Hawaiian kapu.


tapu

→ English: tapu

taboo, restriction (as a spiritual or supernatural condition)


rae

From Proto-Polynesian *laʻe, from Proto-Oceanic *raqe, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daqih, from Proto-Austronesian *daqiS.

(anatomy) forehead (part of face above eyebrows)


rae

From Proto-Polynesian, from Proto-Oceanic *raya, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daya, from Proto-Austronesian *daya.


rima

From Proto-Polynesian *lima (compare with Hawaiian lima), from Proto-Oceanic *lima, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lima (compare with Malay lima), from Proto-Austronesian *lima.


ringa

head

ringa (usually reduplicated as ringaringa)

From Proto-Oceanic *linga (compare Fijian liga).


hanga

the manner in which something is made or built

thing; object which has been made; product


wahine

→ English: wahine (with Hawaiian wahine)


pai

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bait (compare Malay baik, Tagalog bait).

He iwi hūmārire te Māori, he makoha, he aroha ki te pai.
The Māori are amiable people, placid and love that which is good.

He maha hoki ngā whare kua kitea e au he whare nunui, he pai a waho ki te titiro atu, ko roto ia he pai ke atu ngā wharepuni.

And there are many houses that I have seen that are large with nice exteriors to look at, but inside the sleeping houses are even better.


uhi

From Proto-Polynesian *qufi (compare with Hawaiian uhi, Samoan ufi), from Proto-Oceanic *qupi (compare with Fijian uvi), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qubi (compare with Malay ubi, Tagalog ube). Doublet of uwhi.


uhi

a chisel-like tool used to puncture Maori tattoos (moko)


kiri

From Proto-Polynesian *kili (compare with Hawaiian ʻili), from Proto-Oceanic *kulit, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kulit (compare with Malay kulit), from Proto-Austronesian *kuliC (“rind”).


kino

From Proto-Polynesian (compare Hawaiian ʻino).


turi

From Proto-Polynesian *tuli, from Proto-Oceanic *tuli (compare with Fijian dule (“ear wax”)), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuli (compare with Malay tuli), from Proto-Austronesian *Culi.


turi

From Proto-Polynesian *turi, from Proto-Oceanic *tur (compare with Fijian duru), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuhud (compare with Malay tuhut and lutut, Tagalog tuhod), from Proto-Austronesian *tuduS.


aho

From Proto-Polynesian *afo, from Proto-Oceanic *apon, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapən.


toa

From Proto-Polynesian *toqa (compare Hawaiian koa).


niu

From Proto-Polynesian *niu, from Proto-Oceanic, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *niuʀ (compare with Tagalog niyog, Malay nyiur).


moe

From Proto-Polynesian *mohe (compare Tongan mohe, Hawaiian moe) from Proto-Oceanic (compare Fijian moce).


hina

From Proto-Polynesian *sina (compare with Hawaiian hina and Samoan sina), from Proto-Oceanic *sinaʀ (compare with Fijian cina (“to illuminate”)), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sinaʀ (compare with Malay sinar, Tagalog sinag), from Proto-Austronesian *siNaʀ.


whitu

From Proto-Polynesian *fitu, from Proto-Oceanic, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pitu, from Proto-Austronesian *pitu.


moko

From Proto-Polynesian *moko (compare with Hawaiian moʻo) from Proto-Oceanic *mogko (compare with Fijian moko)


oti

From Proto-Polynesian *qoti, from Proto-Oceanic, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qəti, from Proto-Austronesian *qəCi.


matua

From Proto-Polynesian *matuqa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)tuqah, from Proto-Austronesian *(ma-)tuqaS.


tunu

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tunu, from Proto-Austronesian *CuNuh.


waru

From Proto-Polynesian *walu, from Proto-Oceanic *walu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *walu, from Proto-Austronesian *walu.


toru

From Proto-Polynesian *tolu, from Proto-Oceanic *tolu, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *təlu, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *təlu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təlu, from Proto-Austronesian *təlu.


namu

From Proto-Polynesian *namu, from Proto-Central Pacific *ñamu, from Proto-Oceanic *ñamuk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ñamuk.


rangi

From Proto-Polynesian *laŋi (compare with Hawaiian lani, Samoan lagi), from Proto-Oceanic *laŋit, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laŋit (compare with Malay langit, Malagasy lanitra), from Proto-Austronesian *laŋiC (“sky”).


atua

From Proto-Polynesian *qatua (compare Hawaiian akua, Samoan atua, Tahitian atua, Tuvaluan atua), from Proto-Oceanic *qatuan (compare Gilbertese atua), from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *qatuan, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *qatuan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qatuan (compare Malay tuhan).


roa

From Proto-Polynesian *loa, cognate with Hawaiian loa and Tahitian roa.


kutu

From Proto-Polynesian *kutu (compare with Hawaiian ʻuku, Tahitian ʻutu, Samoan ʻutu), from Proto-Oceanic *kutu (compare with Fijian kutu), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kutu (compare with Malay kutu, Tagalog kuto), from Proto-Austronesian *kuCu.


tina

Tina ana i te mataku o te taua; He sits still through fear of the enemy.

1852, William Williams, A Dictionary of the New Zealand Language, and a Concise Grammar; to Which is Added a Selection of Colloquial Sentences, 2nd edition, London: Williams and Norgate, page 172:


tina

Borrowed from English dinner (“midday meal”).


whiri

From Proto-Polynesian *fili (compare with Hawaiian hili (“to braid, to plait, to turn aside”), Tahitian firi (“to plait”) and ‘ōfiri (“to wrap around”), Tongan fili and Samoan fili), from Proto-Oceanic from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *piliN (compare with Malay pilin).

cog

Ko ngā turu o aua taonga he mea uhi ki te kākahu pūtiotio, he mea whiri.

The chairs of that furniture were covered in rough woven cloth.


whiri

From Proto-Polynesian *fili (compare with Tongan fili, Samoan fili and filifili), from Proto-Oceanic (compare with Fijian vili (“to pick, to gather”)), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *piliq (compare with Malay pilih, Tagalog pili and pumili, Malagasy fidy), from Proto-Austronesian *piliq.


whero

Derived from Proto-Polynesian *felo (“yellow, tawny”) (compare with Hawaiian helo, Tongan felo and felofelo)


rango

From Proto-Polynesian *laŋo (compare with Hawaiian nalo) from Proto-Oceanic *laŋo (compare with Samoan lago), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laŋaw (compare with Malay langau (“horsefly”)), from Proto-Austronesian *laŋaw.


ruaki

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian? (compare Malay luah).


tā

From Proto-Polynesian *taa (cognate with Hawaiian to strike, to hack), from Proto-Oceanic, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taRaq (cognate with Malay tarah (“to hew”)), from Proto-Austronesian *taRaq.

to dump, strike, beat, thump, throw down, tackle


whatu

From Proto-Polynesian *fatu, from Proto-Oceanic *patu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *batu (“stone”).

Ko te whatu i te pou tuarongo te wāhi tapu, ko te Kura a Tangaroa, he kōwhatu āhua pūwhero nei, he kōwhatu nō te kei o 'Kurahaupō'.
The stone deposited at the rear post of the house marked the tapu spot and it was the Kura a Tangaroa. It was a reddish stone, being a stone belonging to the stern of 'Kurahaupō'.

Nō te 10 o ngā rā o te marama nei i te rua o ngā hāora o te awatea, ka ua tētahi ua, 10 meneti i ua ai. Kātahi ka rere he whatu.

On the 10th of this month at 2 pm, it rained for 10 minutes. Then some hail fell.

Ina rā, te pūhutihuti me te mā o ngā makawe, te kikorangi o ngā whatu, te tāroaroa o te hanga, te paipa i te waha, he pāhau te kanohi, me tana kāmeta mau haere tonu e pūhia ana e te hau kaha o Pōneke.

Tall, bearded, with a shock of white hair and blue eyes, pipe in mouth, ever-present scarf flicking about in Wellington's stiffer breezes, he was instantly recognisable.


whatu

From Proto-Polynesian *fatu, from Proto-Oceanic *patuʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *batuʀ (“to weave, plait”).

Whatua mai te aho kia kāwitiwiti, kia kātoatoa mō te oti wawe, e hine!

For an earlier completion, weave the cross threads so that they taper and contract, girl!


ariki

English: ariki

Inherited from Proto-Polynesian *qariki.

paramount chief of a tribe, the most senior by descent of the rangatira (chiefs) of the tribe

first-born male or female in a family of high rank


rongo

From Proto-Polynesian *roŋo, from Proto-Central Pacific *roŋo, from Proto-Oceanic *roŋoʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dəŋəʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *dəŋəʀ.


mataku

From Proto-Polynesian *mataku, from Proto-Oceanic *matakut, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)takut, from Proto-Austronesian *(ma-)takut.


keri

From Proto-Polynesian [Term?], from Proto-Oceanic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kali, from Proto-Austronesian *kalih.

to dig (to move hard-packed earth out of the way)


huru

From Proto-Polynesian, from Proto-Oceanic, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bulu; compare Malay bulu.


huru

From Proto-Polynesian, from Proto-Oceanic, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suluq; compare Malay suluh.


wheke

From Proto-Polynesian *feke. Cognate with Hawaiian heʻe, Rapa Nui hehe, Samoan fe'e, Tongan feke.


tuhi

From Proto-Austronesian (compare Indonesian tuju).


whata

From Proto-Polynesian *fata, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pataʀ.


riha

From Proto-Oceanic *lisa, Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lisehaq, from Proto-Austronesian *liseqeS (compare Ilocano lisa, Fijian lise, Hawaiian liha).


puha

the sow thistle, also called rareke, or raraki


pounamu

→ English: pounamu

→ Hawaiian: pounamu


kohu

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian (compare Fijian kabu, Hawaiian ʻohu, Indonesian kabut).


aroha

→ English: aroha

From Proto-Polynesian *qarofa from Proto-Oceanic *qalopan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaləpan, from Proto-Austronesian *qaləpan, from *qaləp (“to beckon, wave”). Cognate with Hawaiian aloha.


peka

head

peka (used in a reduplicated form as pekapeka)

From Proto-Polynesian *peka from Proto-Oceanic, variously reconstructed as *bʷeka, *beŋka or *pʷeka (compare with Hawaiian peʻa, Samoan pe'a, Fijian beka).


mutu

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mutu.
Compare Indonesian putus, Fijian mudu.


tupu

From Proto-Polynesian *tupu, from Proto-Oceanic, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tubuq, from Proto-Austronesian *Cubuq (compare Malay tumbuh).


haku

yellowtail amberjack
yellowtail amberjack#English

Seriola lalandi
Seriola lalandi#Translingual


rau

From Proto-Polynesian *rau, from Proto-Oceanic, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dahun (“leaf”) (compare Malay daun).


rau

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀatus, from Proto-Austronesian *ɣatus (“hundred”) (compare Malay ratus).


raki

From Proto-Oceanic *laki (“westerly wind”) (cognate with Fijian draki "weather" and Hawaiian laʻi "stillness, calm, peace"); sense of "dry" perhaps originally a semantic extension from the weather conditions brought by the wind surrounding New Zealand.
No words for the cardinal directions can be unambiguously reconstructed for Proto-Polynesian, as there would be little use for them on the small Polynesian islands. However, on the much larger North Island (Te Ika-a-Māui) and South Island (Te Waipounamu) of New Zealand, the usefulness of such terminology led the Māori to adopt this word for "north".


kapi

From Proto-Polynesian *kapi (“to hold firmly between”) (compare with Tahitian ʻapi (“fold”)) from Proto-Oceanic *kapit (compare with Fijian kabi (“to cling, to stick”)) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qapit (“to pinch or squeeze”) (compare Malay apit).


tari

From Proto-Oceanic *tali, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *talih, from Proto-Austronesian *CaliS. Compare Paiwan calis, Kulon-Pazeh saris, Malay tali, Ilocano tali, Chamorro tali, Ma'anyan tadi, Malagasy tady, Tetum tali, Yapese tael, Pohnpeian sahl, Fijian dali.


tari

From Proto-Oceanic *sariŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zariŋ.


ota

From Proto-Austronesian *qətaq (compare Fijian koda).


tahi

From Proto-Polynesian *tasi, from Proto-Oceanic [Term?], from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian [Term?], from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *isa, *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *isa, *əsa, *asa.


honu

From Proto-Polynesian *fonu, from Proto-Oceanic *poñu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pəñu, from Proto-Austronesian *pəñu.

Kitea ai te honu i te whānuitanga atu o Te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa.

The turtle is found throughout the Pacific Ocean.


huhu

→ English: huhu

From Proto-Polynesian *fufu, from Proto-Oceanic *pupuk, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *bubuk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bukbuk (“weevil”).

huhu grub, the larval form of Prionoplus reticularis (a longhorn beetle species of the Cerambycidae family which is the largest endemic beetle found in New Zealand)


puna

From Proto-Polynesian *puna (“spring of water”), from Proto-Oceanic *puna (“spring of water”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *puna (“source; origin”), from Proto-Austronesian *puna (“source; origin”). Cognate to Hawaiian puna, Samoan puna.


toma

I whakatakotoria tahitia a Mananui rāua ko Nohopapa ki te toma i Pūkawa.
Mananui and Nohopapa were laid together in the vault at Pūkawa.


hana

From Proto-Polynesian *fana, from Proto-Oceanic *panas, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *panas.


tui

From Proto-Polynesian *tui (“to thread on string”) (compare with Hawaiian kui) from Proto-Oceanic *tuRi₁ from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuhuR (“to string together”) (compare with Tagalog tuhog).


koura

Borrowing of English gold, with sounds changed to conform to Māori phonetics.

koura (freshwater crayfish of the genus Paranephrops, endemic to New Zealand)


morehu

Followers of the Ratana Church, remnants of tribes, survivors.


renga

From Proto-Polynesian *renga from Proto-Oceanic *renga. Cognate with Hawaiian lena, Tahitian reʻa, Samoan lega and Tongan enga all meaning "turmeric". Sense of colour comes from hue produced by the plant (compare with Hawaiian lenalena), eventually displacing the original meaning when the plant did not survive the cold New Zealand climate.


puru

From Proto-Oceanic *pulu (“coconut husk”) (compare with Fijian bulu and Hawaiian pulu "coconut husk") from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bulut. Sense of "plug" is a semantic extension from the lack of coconuts found naturally in New Zealand.


kiore

From Proto-Polynesian *kiole. Cognate with Hawaiian ʻiole.


kawhi

From English coffee, from Dutch koffie (“coffee”), from Italian caffè (“coffee”), from Ottoman Turkish قهوه (kahve, “coffee”), from Arabic قَهْوَة (qahwa, “coffee, a brew”).


mangō

→ English: mako (from Southern dialect makō)


pūpū

Either from Proto-Polynesian *puu-puu (compare with Samoan pupu and Hawaiian pūpū) from Proto-Oceanic *buburu; or reduplication of pū from Proto-Polynesian *puu (“clump”).


pūpū

From Proto-Polynesian *puupuu related to Proto-Polynesian *puu (“conch”) (thus doublet of pū).


tī

From Proto-Polynesian *tī, from Proto-Oceanic *jiri, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *siRi, originally meaning Cordyline fruticosa.


tī

Borrowed from English tea, from Dutch thee, from Hokkien 茶 (tê).


hā

what! oh! hey! (expression of surprise or disapproval)


hae

From Proto-Polynesian *sae₁ (“to tear something”) (compare with Hawaiian hae, Tahitian hahae and haehae plus Samoan sae), from Proto-Oceanic *saRe (compare with Fijian sei) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *saRek (compare with Malay carik (“to tear, to rip”) and Tagalog sira (“damage, rupture, tear”)).


hae

From Proto-Polynesian *sae₂ (“wild, fierce”) (compare with Hawaiian hae (“rage, fury”), Tahitian pohehae (“jealous”) and hae (“anger”) plus Samoan sae).


āe

Me i 'āe' mai koe ki te pātai te Wāhanga A [...]

2013, New Zealand Government, Information for enrolling (pamphlet)

If you answered 'yes' to the question in Section A …


tai āniwhaniwha

Compound of tai (“sea”) + āniwhaniwha (“wild”). The latter term appears to be ā- (“in the manner of”, prefix) + niwhaniwha (“wild, fierce, raging”).


matā

From Proto-Polynesian *mata-a (compare with Hawaiian mākā).


tutū

to be mischievous, disobedient, mutinous, rebellious, undisciplined, or disruptive.


karu

E ai ki ngā kōrero i whakapurua e Te Whānau-a-Apanui ngā karu o te papa angaanga o tana matua, o Te Pori-o-te-rangi, ki te harare pūwhero.
It is said that Te Whānau-a-Apanui plugged up the eye sockets of the skull of her father, Te Pori-o-te-rangi, with red sealing wax.

spongy matter around the seeds of a gourd


pū

From Proto-Polynesian *puqu (compare with Hawaiian pū “tree, clump”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *puqun (compare with Tagalog puno, Malay pohon and Iban pun all meaning “tree”).


pū

From Proto-Polynesian *pusi₁ (also doublet of puhi). Noun sense of gun is semantic extension from shape of barrels.


pū

reed, tube, pipe
any elongated wind musical instrument


hōu

From Proto-Polynesian *foqou, from Proto-Central Pacific *vaqou, from Proto-Oceanic *paqoʀu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)baqəʀu, from Proto-Austronesian *(ma-)baqəʀuh.


hū

From Proto-Polynesian [Term?]. Cognate with Hawaiian hū.


pō

From Proto-Polynesian *poo, from Proto-Central Pacific *boŋi, from Proto-Oceanic *boŋi (compare with Samoan pogi, Hawaiian poni), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bəʀŋi (compare with Javanese wengi), from Proto-Austronesian *bəʀŋi.


kā

From Proto-Polynesian *kaha (“to burn”). Cognates include Hawaiian ʻā and Rapa Nui kā.


pā

From Proto-Polynesian *paa (“enclosure”) (cognates include Hawaiian pā (“wall”) and Rapa Nui pā) from Proto-Oceanic *baRa (cognates include Fijian ba) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baRa

fortified village, usually on steep-sided raised ground that facilitates defence and affords good view of approaching attackers, such as a hilltop, promontory or small island


pā

Variant of pākia from Proto-Polynesian *paa-kia (compare with Hawaiian pāʻia and Tongan pākia).

to touch, strike, hit (as by a stone), tag, affect

to be connected with, relate to, pertaining to, regarding

to be heard, reach one's ears, hold personal communication with

to participate, act together, act in concert, join in (an undertaking)


mā

Mā Mū tēnei pukapuka.

Mā tōku matua koe e whakahoki.

by, made by, acted on (combined with e to indicate future tense for who will perform an action)

Hei irāmutu a Aroha mā Hēni.

Ka haere rātou mā Taupō.

(used with hei to show a relationship)
by way of; via; through

Haere ai tō mātau pāpā ki tana mahi mā runga hōiho.

Our father went to his work by horseback.


ō

The twelfth letter of the Maori alphabet, written in the Latin script.


ō

From Proto-Polynesian *qoho (“journey provisions”), from Proto-Oceanic *qoso (“ibid.”) (cognate of Hawaiian ō (“food, provisions”)).


ō

Ka pekepeke te kurī ō tāua.

possessive article used before a pronoun, like the functions of and -’s in English


ō

He whare nui ō rāua.


tupuna

From Proto-Oceanic *tumpu from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ta- + Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *umpu (“grandparent or grandchild”), probably from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent or grandchild”) (*umpu is one of several PMP roots that are identical, except for the first vowel).

der

A grandparent, or any ancestor more remote than one's parents.


ponga

→ English: ponga, punga


kia ora

Desiderative verbal particle kia + ora (“health, wellness”). Literally, "may [you] be of good health".

A greeting (salutation) said when meeting someone or acknowledging someone’s arrival or presence.

An expression of gratitude (similar to cheers!).

An expression of support or agreement (similar to hear hear).


tangata tiriti

A modern Māori language term which is taken to mean 'people of the treaty' and refers to all non-Māori citizens and residents of Aotearoa New Zealand. First coined by Sir Edward Taihakurei Durie, the chair of the Waitangi Tribunal, at Waitangi in 1989. He referred to Tangata Tiriti as those who belong to Aotearoa New Zealand by right of te Tiriti o Waitangi/the Treaty of Waitangi. The term gained some broader exposure when it was presented to mainstream New Zealand in 2006 in a human rights commission document published by Auckland Workers Educational Association, Tangata Tiriti - Treaty People (2006).

"People of the Treaty", or New Zealanders of non-Māori origin.

In New Zealand

tangata whenua (the people of the land, aboriginals)

Includes all non-Māori people who have a right to live in New Zealand under the Treaty of Waitangi.


aihe

Delphinus delphis
Delphinus delphis#Translingual

The short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphis


pua

From Proto-Oceanic *puŋa (“flower; bossom”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa (“flower, blossom”) (compare with Malay bunga), from Proto-Austronesian *buŋa (“flower, blossom”).


kupu

From Proto-Polynesian *kupu (cognates include Hawaiian ʻupu (“thought, recollection”), Tahitian ʻupu (“prayer, invocation”) and Samoan ʻupu), from Proto-Oceanic *puku by metathesis, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bukuh (compare with Malay buku). Sense of "word" comes from metaphorical comparison of segments of written speech with culms of bamboo.

(archaic, obsolete) culm (of grass, bamboo)


hua

From Proto-Polynesian *fua, from Proto-Oceanic *puaq, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buaq, from Proto-Austronesian *buaq (“fruit”) (compare Malay buah).

I ētahi tau he tino kaha kē te hua o ngā piki nei, ā, he tino reka hoki mō te kai. I ētahi rā, i te haere kē mātau, hoki rawa mai kua pau ngā hua te kai i te mahi a te tamariki.

In some years these fig trees bear fruits prolifically and they were very tasty to eat. Some days, when we went elsewhere, when we returned the fruits had all been eaten by the many children.

hua heihei


pono

From Proto-Polynesian *pono, from Proto-Oceanic *bonor, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bənər (compare with Malay benar). Probably an innovation of Eastern Polynesian, with the similarity being accidental on account of final *-r.

Kua kitea e mātou te pono o aua kupu.


pono

Mehemea he pono te aroha o te tangata ki te wahine, o te wahine rānei ki te tāne, e kore rawa e mātoke, ahakoa whakararurarutia e ngā whanaunga engari ka kaha kē atu.

If a man truly loves a woman, or vice versa, it will not go cold, and despite problems caused by relatives it will become stronger.


poti

Probably either from English pussy (as in pussy-cat) or a parallel onomatopoetic formation (compare Arabic بَسَّة (bassa), Lithuanian puižė).

Felis silvestris catus
Felis silvestris catus#Translingual


rara

From Proto-Polynesian *lala (“scattered, disorderly”).

Ka rara ngā ika ki runga o te kaharunga.

The fish rushed over the upper edge of the seine net.


rara

From Proto-Oceanic *rara, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *dada, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dahdah, from Proto-Austronesian *daSdaS (“chest”).


tona

From Proto-Polynesian *jona (“yaws”) (compare with Hawaiian kona and konakona (“wart”), Tahitian tona (“wart, chancre”) and Tongan tona (“yaws”)).


tuki

From Proto-Polynesian *tuki (compare with Hawaiian kuʻi, Tongan tuki) from Proto-Austronesian *tuktuk ultimately onomatopoeic.


taika

Panthera tigris
Panthera tigris#Translingual


taru

From Proto-Polynesian *talu, from Proto-Oceanic, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *talun, from Proto-Austronesian *CaluN.


rehu

From Proto-Polynesian *rapuR (“hearth”) (compare with Hawaiian lehu (“ash”); Tahitian rehu (“ash, grey colour”) and rehurehu (“twilight”); Tongan efu (“dust, human remains”); Samoan lefulefu) from Proto-Oceanic *dapuR (“hearth”) (compare with Fijian dravu (“ashes”) and dravuloa (“grey”)), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dapuR (“hearth”) (compare with Malay dapur (“kitchen”) and Tagalog dapog (“open fire”)). Doublet of rehurehu, nehu, and nehunehu.


ingoa

From Proto-Polynesian *hingoa; cognate with Hawaiian inoa, Tahitian iʻoa, Ontong Java iŋoa, Samoan igoa, Tuvaluan igoa and Rapa Nui ingoa.


wā

From Proto-Polynesian *wasa (“interval (of space or time)”) (compare with Hawaiian wā, Tahitian va, Tongan vā (“distance”), Samoan vā (“space”)).


punga

From Proto-Polynesian *puŋa (“coral rock”) (compare with Hawaiian puna (“coral, lime, plaster, calcium”), Tahitian puʻa (“coral, lime”), Tongan punga, Samoan puga) from Proto-Oceanic *buŋa (“white, porous coral or growth”) (compare with Fijian vuga), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa ni batu (“coral sponge, lit. 'stone bloom'”) extension of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa (“flower”) (compare with Malay bunga and bunga karang (“sponge”)). Doublet of pungapunga and pua.

inh

pungarehu: ash

pungapunga: pumice


hoa

From Proto-Polynesian *soa, from Proto-Oceanic *soʀa (“friend, partner”). Cognate with Hawaiian hoa.

friend, companion, mate, partner, spouse, ally


hoa

From Proto-Polynesian *foa (“make a path”).


aua

From Proto-Polynesian *qaua (“a kind of mullet”).

yellow-eye mullet, (Aldrichetta forsteri)


aua

From Proto-Polynesian *qaua (“negative imperative”).

Negative imperative particle: no! don't!


mahana

He kuira, he hōro, he paraikete ō mātau hai huihi i a mātau i ngā pō kei te moe mātau, kia mahana ai mātau.

We had quilts, shawls and blankets to cover us at night when we were sleeping, so that we were warm.


kini

From Proto-Polynesian *kini. Compare Hawaiian ʻiniki (“to pinch, to nip; to be sharp and piercing”, intransitive), ʻiniʻini (“to pinch”, transitive).


rona

to bind, to tie together, to confine or tie down with cord


Ahitereiria

Australia (A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as a former colony in the British Empire)

(geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands)


maunga

From Proto-Polynesian *maquŋa. Cognate with Hawaiian mauna, Samoan mauga, and Tongan moʻunga.

Kei te āta āngia haeretia e te Pākehā, āpōpō ake nei piri mai ana i ngā pari, i runga rānei i ngā keokeonga o ngā maunga
We are slowly being driven out by the Pākehā and soon will be clinging to the cliffs or on the peaks of the mountains.


kō

From Proto-Polynesian *koho (compare with Hawaiian ʻōʻō and ʻō, Tahitian ʻō and Samoan ʻoso) from Proto-Oceanic *kojom (“husking stick”).


rimu

→ English: rimu

From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *rimu, from Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *rimu, from Proto-Polynesian *rimu, from Proto-Oceanic *limut, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *limut, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *limut, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *limut, doublet of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lumut (compare Malay lumut).

a large tree native to New Zealand (Dacrydium cupressinum); see English rimu.


waiū

Compound of wai (“water, liquid, secretion”) + ū (“breast, teat”); compare with Malay air susu.


kehu

Derived from Proto-Polynesian *kefu (“light-coloured”) (compare with Hawaiian ʻehu (“reddish”), Tahitian ʻehu (“reddish, ginger”), Tongan kefu (“brownish”) and Samoan ʻefu (“reddish brown”))


tūrangawaewae

From tūranga (“place to stand, position, site, situation; foundation”) (from tū (“to stand”) + ‑ranga (suffix forming nouns from verbs)) + waewae (“foot; leg; footprint”).

turangawaewae (“the place where one belongs or has a right to live; one's own land; also, the sense of freedom, identity, and spiritual connection associated with this place”)


kano

From Proto-Polynesian *kano (compare Hawaiian ʻano and ʻanoʻano, Tahitian ʻaʻano and Tongan kano), from Proto-Oceanic *kanon (“flesh; kernel”) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kan-ən from Proto-Austronesian *kaən-an (“food, cooked rice”) from Proto-Austronesian *kaən (“to eat”) (thus doublet of kai).


nānā

From Proto-Polynesian *naa-naa (“to look at something”). Doublet of nana.


-ku

Used in contractions with particles of possession to mean me


patu

From Proto-Polynesian *patu (“to strike”).


riki

From Proto-Polynesian *riki, from Proto-Oceanic *rikit, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dikit.


riki

Borrowed from English leek, from Middle English lek, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *laukaz.


kakara

From Proto-Polynesian *kakala (cognates include Hawaiian ʻaʻala and ʻala, Tahitian ʻāʻara, Samoan alalā and Tongan kakala).


Tuna

(Maori mythology) An eel-god, the son of Manga-wai-roa, one of the lesser Maori deities who lived in a water hole called Muri-wai-o-ata.


momo

a type, a kind, a species, a breed, a variety, a race, a genre


tarakihi

A grey and black saltwater fish, Nemadactylus macropterus, found off the coast of Australia, New Zealand and South America.


kohe

From Proto-Polynesian *kofe (cognate with Rarotongan ko'e, Samoan ʻofe, Hawaiian ʻohe). Sense of tree comes from similarity of thick stems and leaflet bases to bamboo fronds displacing the original meaning.


kohe

Passiflora tetrandra, a kind of passionfruit endemic to New Zealand.


waha

From Proto-Polynesian *waha (compare with Hawaiian waha , Rapa Nui haha, and Tahitian vaha) from Proto-Oceanic *fafa (compare Samoan fafa) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baba₁ (compare with Malay bawa (“to carry, to bring (in general)”), Tagalog babá (“to piggyback”))


wiri

From Proto-Polynesian *wili. Cognates include Hawaiian wili and Samoan vili.


wiri

gimlet, auger, drill, screwdriver, anything for boring holes

(music) trembling of the hands in Maori singing to indicate the interface between the mind and the body (the wiri represents the shimmering of the ocean water, the heat waves rising from the ground, the wind rustling the tree leaves)


takahē

→ English: takahe, takahē

From takahi (“to trample”); from Proto-Polynesian *taka-fi (“to tread on, to trample”) (compare with Hawaiian keʻehi (“to stamp, to trample, to brace with one's feet”), Tahitian taʻahi, Tongan takahi (“to scratch”)).

cog

takahē, species of large flightless bird in the Rallidae family, endemic to New Zealand.


whakapapa

whaka- (“to make”) + papa (“flat and broad; a layer”)

af

To place in layers or to lay one upon another.

To recite in order (genealogies, legends, etc.)


whakapapa

Genealogy, genealogical table, descent, lineage.


kohekohe

Reduplication of Proto-Polynesian *kofe indicating reminiscence of thick stems and leaflet bases to those in fronds of bamboo or kohe (cognate with Rarotongan ko'e, Samoan ʻofe, Hawaiian ʻohe).

Dysoxylum spectabile, a medium-sized tree native to New Zealand, related to mahogany.


Ruta

a female given name, equivalent to English Ruth


ipu

From Proto-Oceanic *ibu (“coconut shell cup”), from Proto-Austronesian *ibu (“container for liquids”).


Miriama

a female given name, equivalent to English Miriam


piro

From Proto-Oceanic *pilo (compare with Samoan piro, Tahitian piro (“dirty, smelly”) and Hawaiian pilo (“foul odour, halitosis, pollution”)). Maybe related to pirau (“to decay, to fester”).


Māui

(mythology) A trickster and a hero who had his superhuman strength and shapeshifting, believed to have created the islands of New Zealand from a great fish that he caught.

Te Riu-a-Māui

the hills and valleys of Maui, Zealandia (submerged former continent that New Zealand was part of)


Makanui

maka from the first syllable of English McDonald's + Maori nui (“big”)


pepe tunga

huhu beetle or Prionoplus reticularis, a longhorn beetle species of the Cerambycidae family which is the largest endemic beetle found in New Zealand.


Mere

a female given name, equivalent to English Mary


whanga

From Proto-Polynesian *faŋa₃ from Proto-Oceanic *paŋa (“to gape open”); compare with Hawaiian hono (“harbor”), Tahitian faʻa (“valley”), Tongan fanga, and Samoan faga (“bay”)


umere

From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *umele (compare with Hawaiian mele).


kahikatea

From kahika (“Malay apple”) + tea (“white”), due to its similar-tasting fruits or white wood.

Dacrycarpus dacrydioides, a coniferous tree endemic to New Zealand.


kia kaha

From the verbal particle kia and kaha (“(be) strong, strength”).

be strong (used as an affirmation or motto)

A term of comfort or solace (equivalent of the English phrase "be strong, my thoughts are with you").

An interjection during a speech to indicate support or approval (similar to "hear, hear!").


Kirihi

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English


Purukāria

Bulgaria (a country in Southeast Europe)


Hōrana

Holland (a traditional region in the Netherlands formed by two modern provinces, North Holland and South Holland)

Holland, the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe)


Tiamana

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Hōria

Georgia (A transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe)


Kīngitanga Kotahi

Kīngitanga + kotahi; further divided into kīngi (“king”) + -tanga (“-ness”) and tahi (“one”) Literally means "kingdom made into one".


Āmenia

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


Haipara

Cyprus (an island and country in the Mediterranean Sea, normally considered politically part of Southeast Europe but geographically part of Western Asia)


Atepaihānia

Azerbaijan (a country in the South Caucasus, Asia and Europe)


Katatānga

Kazakhstan (a country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe)


Huiterangi

Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


Pāniora

Borrowed from Spanish español (“Spanish”) or Spanish España (“Spain”).


Tāke

Turkey (a country located in Thrace in southeastern Europe and Anatolia in southwestern Asia)


Rūhia

Borrowed from English Russia, and Medieval Latin Russi (“the people of Russia”), from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ, “Rus”).

bor

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Hononga-o-Amerika

the United States (a country in North America)


Ūkareinga

Borrowed from Ukrainian Украї́на (Ukrajína), Old Ruthenian украина (ukraina), from Old East Slavic оукраина (ukraina), from Proto-Slavic *ukrajina.

Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)


Wīwī

Ā ko Wīwī e minamina ana ki te mea i a ia kia ea ai tana mate i te Tiamana

France wishes to avenge its defeat by the Germans.


Koroātia

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Croatia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


noa

merely, suddenly, unintentionally, etc. Denotes an absence of limitations or conditions. (Follows immediately after the word.)


noa

→ English: noa

→ Italian: noa


hiko

Compare with Maori uira, Hawaiian uila, Tahitian uira and Tongan ʻuhila for semantic extension into "electricity".


hiko

(attributive) electric; electrical; electronic


kaha

From Proto-Polynesian *kafa (“strong”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kabal (“invunerable”).


kaha

From Proto-Polynesian *kafa (“sennit”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kapas (“cotton, thread”), from an Austroasiatic language.


kauri

From Proto-Polynesian *kauquli (cognate with Tahitian ʻāuri (“iron, steel”), Samoan ʻauli (“clothing iron”) and ʻauʻauli (“Diospyros samoensis”)), from *kau (“tree”) + *quli (“black”), originally referring to Samoan ebony ("Diaspyros samoensis").

A conifer of the genus Agathis, family Araucariaceae, found in Australasia and Melanesia.

Agathis australis, a large conifer of the family Araucariaceae.


harakeke

Ultimately from Proto-Austronesian *paŋudaN.

Unuhia te rito o te harakeke / Kei hea te kōmako e kō?

If you remove the centre of the flax bush / Where then will the bellbird sing?


ngahuru

From Proto-Polynesian *haŋafulu (compare with Hawaiian anahulu (“period of ten days”), Tahitian ʻahuru (“ten”), Tongan hongofulu), from Proto-Oceanic (compare with Fijian sagavulu), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *puluq (compare with Malay puluh (“-ty”) and sepuluh (“ten”), Tagalog sampulo (“ten”)), from Proto-Austronesian *puluq.


haere

Kei te haere au ki te mahi i tēnei rā.


mahi

From Proto-Polynesian *mafi (“strong, powerful, energetic, hardworking”).

der

to work, do, perform, make, accomplish, practise, raise (money)


mahi

→ English: mahi

he mahi pai noa iho

easy as, it was no problem, it is no problem, it will be no problem, it's a piece of cake

hunga kore mahi

unemployed people, jobless people, unemployed

mahi atu

forget it, get on and do it then, go on then do it, get lost

mahi tahi

to work together, collaborate, cooperate; working together, collaboration, cooperation, teamwork

mahi waimori

to work in a casual job, do casual work; casual job, casual work, casual labour

paearu mahi

performance criteria, performance criterion

te mahi a te

abundance of, lots of, many, heaps of, in droves

ngā mahi a te rēhia

pursuit of pleasure, recreational activities, entertainment

work, job, employment, trade (work), practice, occupation, activity, exercise, operation, function


ī

Cognate with Hawaiian ʻīʻī (“rancid, sour, moldy”).

The seventh letter of the Maori alphabet, written in the Latin script.


ū

The seventeenth letter of the Maori alphabet, written in the Latin script.


ū

From Proto-Polynesian *susu (compare Hawaiian ū, Tongan huhu) from Proto-Oceanic *susu (compare with Fijian sucu), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *susu (compare with Malay susu), from Proto-Austronesian *susu (compare with Tagalog suso).


ū

to strike home, to hit the mark (as of a weapon)

to land (as of a vessel), to come ashore


uku

From Proto-Polynesian *uku (“to scour, to wipe”) (compare with Samoan uʻu (“to smear, to annoint”), Tongan ukuʻi (“to wash”)),


te reo Māori

From te (definite article) + reo (“language, speech”) + Māori (“Maori; normal”).


raurau

Reduplication of rau from Proto-Oceanic *rau, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dahun.


humuhumu

Ka humuhumu Tangaroa tātou!
Ka humuhumu nga tamariki ō Tangaroa!

2021, “Tangaroa”, performed by Alien Weaponry:

We amputate the limbs of Tangaroa
The children of Tangaroa are being ripped apart


tāua

we (you and I only)


māua

From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *ma-ua. Cognates include Hawaiian māua and Tokelauan māua.

we (he/she and I, but not you)


piopio

Charadrius bicinctus
Charadrius bicinctus#Translingual

double-banded plover (Charadrius bicinctus)


mātanga

experienced person, expert, professional


waipiro

Derived from wai (“water”) + piro (“stinking”).


tekau

From Proto-Polynesian *te-kau (compare with Hawaiian kaʻau (“forty”), Tahitian taʻau (“twenty”) and Tongan tekau) from Proto-Polynesian *kau₂ (“group”) (see Hawaiian ʻau, Tahitian ʻau, Samoan ʻau (“group, bunch, shoal, school”) and Tongan kau (“bunch”)).


hoko

From Proto-Polynesian *soko₂ (“to exchange”); compare with Tahitian hoʻo (“to trade”) and Hawaiian hō (“to give, transfer, supply”)

hoko mai: to buy, to purchase

hoko atu: to sell


ātaahua

to be beautiful, pretty, good-looking, gorgeous, lovely


rākau

From Proto-Polynesian *raqakau (compare Hawaiian lāʻau), from Proto-Oceanic *raqan kayu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daqan kahiw (compare Malay dahan kayu).

He wahine tāroaroa i raro i te rākau rā.


rangatira

From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ragatira.

chief, chieftain, chieftainess, though of lesser rank than an ariki (paramount chief)


roaka

From Proto-Polynesian *rauka (compare with Hawaiian loaʻa (“to get, to obtain, to procure”) plus Tahitian roaʻa and noaʻa (both “to obtain, to acquire”)) from Proto-Polynesian *lawa-ka thus doublet of rawa.


huri

From Proto-Polynesian *fuli (“to turn round”) (compare with Hawaiian huli, Tahitian huri, Samoan fuli, Tongan fuli) from Proto-Oceanic *buliŋ (“to roll”) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *puliŋ (“to rotate”)


inanga

A fish, the jollytail (Galaxias maculatus).

The grass tree, a shrub in the genus Dracophyllum.


huruhuru

coarse hair or fur (as opposed to hair on the head, for example: hair on an animal or pubic hair)


arero

Inherited from Proto-Polynesian *qalelo (compare Hawaiian alelo, Rapa Nui arero), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *deləq (compare Kiput deleiʔ), doublet of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dilaq (compare Tagalog dila, Malay lidah).


taringa

From Proto-Oceanic *taliŋa (compared to Samoan taliga, Fijian daliga), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taliŋa (compare with Malay telinga, Tagalog tainga), from Proto-Austronesian *Caliŋa. See also Tongan talingelinga and Fijian daliga for sense of fungus by semantic extension.

taringa kuri: Auricularia cornea (lit. “dog ear”)

taringa o Tiakiwai: Auricularia polytricha


tokerau

Inherited from Proto-Polynesian *tokelau (“northwesterly”). Cognates include Tokelauan tokelau, Samoan to'elau, and Rapa Nui tokerau.
No words for the cardinal directions can be unambiguously reconstructed for Proto-Polynesian, as there would be little use for them on the small Polynesian islands. However, on the much larger North Island (Te Ika-a-Māui) and South Island (Te Waipounamu) of New Zealand, the usefulness of such terminology led the Māori to adopt this word for "north".


noho

From Proto-Polynesian *nofo. For sense of residing/dwelling, compare with also Malay duduk (“to sit” and “to live/reside”) and Tagalog luklok (“to sit” and “to take office/chair”).


taura

From Proto-Polynesian *taura (compare with Hawaiian kaula (“cord, tendon”), Samoan taula (“anchor”) and Tongan toua)


hinga

From Proto-Polynesian *siŋa (compare with Hawaiian hina, Tongan hinga, Tahitian hiʻa)


hinu

From Proto-Polynesian *sinu (compare with Tahitian hinu, Tongan huni) from Proto-Oceanic *sinu (compare with Fijian sinu).


auahi

From Proto-Polynesian *qahu, from Proto-Oceanic *qasu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qasu (“smoke; fume; steam”).


pukapuka

Reduplication of puka. Sense of book due to similar white pages, likely influenced by the English book with reduplication also indicating quantity of pages.

Brachyglottis repanda, shrub with soft leaves with white undersides.


manaia

Cognate to Niuean fakamanaia and Samoan fa'amanaia, with the original meaning of "decoration".

a manaia (a figure often seen in art, generally depicted as a man with a bird's head)


mātou

we (we, but not you)


tātou

we (we including you)


tuitui

Reduplication of tui from Proto-Polynesian *tui (“to thread on string”) from Proto-Oceanic *tuRi₁ from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuhuR (“to string together”) (compare with Tagalog tuhog). Proto-Polynesian form might also be influenced by Proto-Oceanic *tuRi-tuRi (“candlenut”), in which the canoe plant died out in New Zealand's cold climate – compare relationship of Tahitian tui and tutuʻi, Hawaiian kui and kukui.


kī

Inherited from East Polynesian. Compare Rapa Nui kī, Hawaiian ʻī, Tahitian i.

to say, speak, express, utter, call, mention, tell, designate


kī

Inherited from Tahitic. Compare Tahitian ‘ī.


whā

From Proto-Polynesian *fa, from Proto-Oceanic *pat, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *pat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.


kakā

From Proto-Polynesian *kakaha (“to burn”) (compare with Samoan ʻaʻasa, Tongan kakaha and Hawaiian ʻaʻā) from Proto-Polynesian *kaha (“to burn”) (compare with Hawaiian ʻā, Rapa Nui kā).


aitu

From Proto-Polynesian *qaitu. Cognates include Niuean aitu and Samoan aitu.


nāu

yours, your, by you (second person singular)


wānanga

From Proto-Polynesian *fanaŋa (“story for entertainment, short repetitive chant”) – compare with Rapa Nui vānanga (“language”), Hawaiian wānana and wālana (both “prophecy, prediction”), Tahitian vānaʻa (“knowledge”) and vanaʻa (“lore, story”).

person who is knowledgeable in traditional lore


wānanga

head

wānanga (passive wānangahia or wānangatia)

wānangahia (passive)
wānangatia (passive)


Mihi

(obsolete) A title given to a white female


rūpi

Borrowed from English ruby and English rupee respectively.


rātou

they, them (plural; three or more people)


rāua

From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *la-ua. Cognate with Rapa Nui raua, Hawaiian lāua, Tokelauan 'lāua, and Samoan lā'ua


whānau

Proto-Polynesian *faanau (*fānau) ("to give birth"). Cognates include Hawaiian hānau and Tokelauan fānau.


whānau

→ English: whanau

an extended family; a group of family members


whenu

strand (each of the strings that make up a rope, etc.)


taku

From Proto-Polynesian *taʻaku. Compare Hawaiian kaʻu.


pāua

Any of the three species of large edible sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs of the family Haliotidae (sole genus Haliotis), known in the United States and Australia as abalone, and in the United Kingdom as ormer shells.


kau aihe

Compound of kau (“to swim”) + aihe (“dolphin”).


ōritetanga

From ōrite (“alike, even”) + -tanga (“-ness”).


ripo

From Proto-Polynesian *lipo (compare with Tahitian riporipo, Hawaiian lipo and lipolipo) from Proto-Polynesian *lepu (“agitated, rough (of water)”). Doublet of riporipo.


kahu

From Proto-Oceanic *kafu (“to cover, to put on clothing”) (compare to Tongan kafu, Samoan ʻafu, Hawaiian ʻahu), from Proto-Oceanic *kaput (“to wrap or cover”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaput (“to clasp together”).


ngāwhā

From Proto-Polynesian *ŋafaqa (“to burst open, to crack”) (compare with Tahitian ʻafā, Tongan ngafa, Hawaiian nahā).


ngāwhā

→ English: ngawha


kawakawa

From its supposed resemblance to Proto-Polynesian *kawa (“bitter ginger; bitter; kava”), duplicated to indicate similarity (thus, cognate with Hawaiian ʻawa, Tongan kava and Samoan ʻava). Further derived from Proto-Oceanic *kawaʀ (“potent root”) metathesis of Proto-Oceanic *wakaʀ (“root”), thus doublet of aka (“root”).

der

kawakawa (Piper excelsum), a shrub endemic to New Zealand.


kiwikiwi

English: kiwikiwi

Blechnum fluviatile, the star fern or creek fern.


āku

Contraction of a suffixed with -ku: of me


ōku

Contraction of o suffixed with -ku: of me


wīwī

(with wāwā) somewhere; hither and thither


Kaiana Wīwī

French Guiana
French Guiana#English:_Q3769

administrative region
administrative region

French Guiana (an overseas department and administrative region of France in South America)


wāwā

(with wīwī) somewhere; hither and thither


pātai

Me i 'āe' mai koe ki te pātai te Wāhanga A, e pātai ana mehemea he Māori koe nō Aotearoa, he uri rānei nō tētahi Māori nō Aotearoa [...]

If you answered 'yes' to the question in Section A asking whether you are a New Zealand Maori or a descendant of New Zealand Maori …


kiekie

From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *kiekie (“Freycinetia species”) from Proto-Oceanic *kiRe-kiRe (“pandanus”) from Proto-Oceanic *kiRe from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kiRay.

A vine used by the Maori for food and as material for mats, Freycinetia banksii


rengarenga

From Proto-Polynesian *renga from Proto-Oceanic *renga "turmeric", due to similar looking fleshy stems and rhizomes or tubers. Cognate with Hawaiian lena, Tahitian reʻa, Samoan lega and Tongan enga all meaning "turmeric".

Arthropodium cirratum, a herbaceous perennial plant endemic to New Zealand.


tokotoko

Reduplication of toko (see Hawaiian koʻokoʻo) fron Proto-Polynesian *toko (compare with Samoan toʻo, Hawaiian koʻo) from Proto-Oceanic *tokon, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təkən (“bamboo punting pole, to press downward”) (compare with Malay tekan, Tagalog tikin).


tokotoko

to walk with a cane or crutch, to crutch


Piri

a male given name, equivalent to English Bill


Ani

a female given name, equivalent to English Ann


auau

From Proto-Polynesian *(q)au (“howl, bark”).


konene

wanderer, wayfarer, drifter, refugee, displaced person


uruwhenua

uru (“enter”) + whenua (“country, land”)

compound

uruwhenua Aotearoa


rangatiratanga

→ English: rangatiratanga

[ɾɐŋɐˈtiɾɐ.tɐŋɐ]

Derived from rangatira (“to be of high rank”) + -tanga


tohunga

Cognate with Hawaiian kahuna, Tahitian tahua, Tongan tufaga and Samoan tufuga.


Rerehu

Antares, the brightest star in the constellation Scorpius


kōura

From kō- + ura.
From Proto-Polynesian *qura, from Proto-Oceanic *quraŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qudaŋ, from Proto-Austronesian *qudaŋ.


kōura

Borrowing of English gold, with sounds changed to conform to Māori phonetics.


maitai

From Proto-Polynesian *maqitaki; compare with Hawaiian maikaʻi and Tahitian maitaʻi.


maitai

Compound of mai (“from”) + tai (“sea”), sense of iron from their introduction by trade with European sailors.


maitai

(esp. Urewera, Bay of Plenty) iron
metal


karaka

From Proto-Polynesian *kalaka from Proto-Oceanic *kalaka (“Planchonella”).

A leafy evergreen tree (Corynocarpus laevigatus) with bright orange fruit endemic to New Zealand.


moeriki

Dieffenbach's rail (†Gallirallus dieffenbachii)


Rātapu

From rā (“day”) + tapu (“holy”). Compare Tahitian Mahana Tapu.


huka

Cognate with Hawaiian huʻa (“foam, bubbles”)

snow, foam, froth, any white form of precipitation


manawa

From Proto-Polynesian *manawa (compare with Tongan manava and Tahitian manava (both “belly”), Samoan manava (“lower abdomen”)), from Proto-Oceanic *mañawa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *manihawa, from *nihawa (compare with Malay nyawa (“live”), Central Dusun ginawo (“heart”), Tagalog ginhawa (“comfort”)), from Proto-Austronesian *NiSawa (“breath, life force”). Compare also with ate and ngākau for similar connections of biology and emotion.

inh

Kāore i takitaro e tū ana ka neke whakamuri tētahi o ngā waewae, kātahi ka maranga te ringa, ko te ākinga iho, ngangengange noa te manawa o tōna tāne i te naihi e mau ana i tōna ringa.

She didn't stand there long before she moved one leg backwards, then raised her hand and thrust it down piercing the heart of her husband with the knife she held in her hand.

Ka pā te aroha ki te ngākau, ka hotu te manawa.

I'm affected by concern and my heart sobs.

heart (of a person)
heart (seat of affections)

Kua rere ake te manawa nei ki runga ki te ihu.


maika

Related to Tahitian me'a and Hawaiian maiʻa from Proto-Polynesian *maika.


pukatea

Compound of puka (“large-leaf Pisonia”) + tea (“white”) – compare with Tongan puka and Samoan puʻa vai (“Pisonia grandis”). Also cognate with Tahitian puʻatea (“ibid.”).

compound

Laurelia novae-zelandiae,a tree ideal for canoe wood


Hawaiki

→ English: Hawaiki

(mythology) Hawaiki, the legendary homeland of the Maori before their arrival at Aotearoa (New Zealand), and also the underworld.


tiriti

Te Tiriti o Waitangi


pīkake

From English peacock.
Cognate with Hawaiian pīkake.


rawa

From Proto-Polynesian *lawa₁ (compare with Hawaiian lawa (“abundance, plenty”)).


kaupapa

He oneone te kaupapa o te whare.

level surface, floor, stage, platform, layer

I tuhi a Rōpiha i ētahi pūrongo i 'Te Ao Hou', ā, i āwhina atu hoki ia ki te ārahi i ngā kaupapa a te maheni nei i ōna tau tuatahi.
Rōpiha wrote articles for 'Te Ao Hou', and he also helped guide the magazine’s policies in its early years.

topic, policy, matter for discussion, plan, purpose, scheme, proposal, agenda, subject, programme, theme, issue, initiative

Ka mahia te kaupapa raupō ... ka hoea taua kaupapa ki te au o te awa punga ai
The raupō raft was made and then it was paddled into the current of the river to anchor it.

Ka whakamaua atu ngā huruhuru kiwi ki te kaupapa o te kahu.

The kiwi feathers were fixed to the body of the cloak.


karakia

to recite ritual chants or a prayer, to say grace, to pray


karakia

an incantation, ritual chant, spell (related to Maori traditions)

Kahore e whakahaumaru tō karakia

a prayer, grace, blessing (related to introduced religions)


kangarū

From English kangaroo from Guugu Yimidhirr gangurru (“eastern grey kangaroo”).


rā

From Proto-Polynesian *la (cognates with Hawaiian lā and Tahitian rā), from Proto-Oceanic *layaʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *layaʀ (compare with Malay layar), from Proto-Austronesian *layaʀ.

Whakaarahia te rā kaihau.

(nautical) sail (a piece of fabric attached to a boat)


rā

From Proto-Polynesian *laqa. Compare Hawaiian lā.


Peti

a female given name, equivalent to English Betty, Betsy, and Bessie


matangi

Kāore he matangi, koirā i tino kino ai te pārūrū.

There was no breeze, and that's why the humidity was so bad.


tūtae

From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *tuutaʻe. Compare Hawaiian kūkae (“excrement, dung, feces”).


tua-

From Proto-Polynesian *tua-. Compare Hawaiian kua-.

prefixed to numerals 1 through 9 to produce an ordinal

tuaruatia

to be done a second time, to be repeated


Rihari

a male given name, equivalent to English Richard


Rāniera

a male given name, equivalent to English Daniel


Ānaru

a male given name, equivalent to English Andrew


Petera

a male given name, equivalent to English Peter


Rāwiri

a male given name, equivalent to English David


Rāpata

a male given name, equivalent to English Robert


Wiremu

a male given name, equivalent to English William


Hēnare

a male given name, equivalent to English Henry


Hēni

a female given name, equivalent to English Jane


Piripi

a male given name, equivalent to English Philip


Hēmi

a male given name, equivalent to English James


Māka

a male given name, equivalent to English Mark


Hōri

→ English: hori


Tāmati

a male given name, equivalent to English Thomas


Mikaere

a male given name, equivalent to English Michael


Matiu

a male given name, equivalent to English Matthew


Pare

a female given name, equivalent to English Polly


Emere

a female given name, equivalent to English Emily


Hārata

a female given name, equivalent to English Charlotte


Mereana

a female given name, equivalent to English Mary Ann


Irihāpeti

a female given name, equivalent to English Elizabeth


Rīpeka

a female given name, equivalent to English Rebecca


Wikitōria

a female given name, equivalent to English Victoria


Hāriata

a female given name, equivalent to English Harriet


Ruiha

a female given name, equivalent to English Louisa


Hoana

a female given name, equivalent to English Joan and Joanna


Hūhana

a female given name, equivalent to English Susan


Ruihi

a female given name, equivalent to English Lucy

a female given name, equivalent to English Louise

a male given name, equivalent to English Louis


Kararaina

a female given name, equivalent to English Caroline


Mākere

a female given name, equivalent to English Margaret


Erana

a female given name, equivalent to English Ellen


Ihipera

a female given name, equivalent to English Isabel and Isabella


Māta

a female given name, equivalent to English Martha


Pirihira

a female given name, equivalent to English Priscilla


Rutu

a female given name, equivalent to English Ruth


Rāhera

a female given name, equivalent to English Rachel


Riria

From riria (“lily”), also used as a rendering of English Lydia, Lily and Lilian.


Hōne

a male given name, equivalent to English John


Pāora

a male given name, equivalent to English Paul


Hōhepa

a male given name, equivalent to English Joseph


Hāmiora

a male given name, equivalent to English Samuel


Tīpene

a male given name, equivalent to English Stephen


Īhāia

a male given name, equivalent to English Isaiah


Tīmoti

a male given name, equivalent to English Timothy


Īhaka

a male given name, equivalent to English Isaac


Ārama

a male given name, equivalent to English Adam


Mohi

a male given name, equivalent to English Moses


Mātene

a male given name, equivalent to English Martin


Tame

a male given name, equivalent to English Tom


Timi

a male given name, equivalent to English Jim and James


-tanga

From a conflation of Proto-Polynesian *-laŋa and *-raŋa, from a rebracketing of Proto-Oceanic nouns ending in /t/, /ɟ/ and *-aŋa.


Komoro

Union of the Comoros
Union of the Comoros

Comoros (A country and group of islands in the Indian Ocean off the coast of East Africa)

Comoros (an archipelago consisting of the Union of the Comoros and the French overseas department of Mayotte)


tahua

From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *tafuqa (“platform; foundation, base”) (compare with Tahitian tahua (“floor, deck, field”) and Hawaiian kahua (“field”)).

inh

tahua riringa: battlefield

(of a house)


Tāre

a male given name, equivalent to English Charles


Wāta

a male given name, equivalent to English Walter


Waata

a male given name, equivalent to English Walter. Obsolete spelling of Wāta.


Nīkora

a male given name, equivalent to English Nicholas


Maaka

a male given name, equivalent to English Mark. Obsolete spelling of Māka.


Wī

a diminutive of the male given name Wiremu


Rewi

a male given name, equivalent to English Louis, Dave, and Levi


Rōpata

a male given name, equivalent to English Robert


tumu

From Proto-Oceanic *tumu (compare with Hawaiian kumu)


whakatewhatewha

whaka- + tewhatewha, the second being tewha being doubled.


amokura

red-tailed tropicbird
red-tailed tropicbird


pītau

figurehead on a canoe with such a carving

spiral carving
canoe with such a figurehead


rārangi

Me haina i runga i te rārangi iraira.

Ki tāku titiro he rārangi tika te rārangi toru o te Pire nei.

In my opinion the third clause of this Bill is correct.


rārangi

Rārangitia ngā kupu kei raro iho nei i raro i te whakaupoko e tika ana.

List the words below under the appropriate heading.

E tāwhirowhiro ana ngā rau o ngā pūrere kapohau e rārangi mai ana i te pae maunga.

The blades of the wind turbines lined up along the mountain range are spinning.


whiriwhiri

Reduplication of whiri (“to choose, to decide”).


whiriwhiri

Reduplication of whiri (“to weave, plait”).


rehurehu

Reduplication (thus doublet) of rehu from Proto-Polynesian *rapuR (“hearth”) (compare with Hawaiian lehu (“ash”); Tahitian rehu (“ash, grey colour”) and rehurehu (“twilight”); Tongan efu (“dust, human remains”); Samoan lefulefu) from Proto-Oceanic *dapuR (“hearth”) (compare with Fijian dravu (“ashes”) and dravuloa (“grey”)), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dapuR (“hearth”) (compare with Malay dapur (“kitchen”) and Tagalog dapog (“open fire”)). Also doublet of nehu and nehunehu.


ārahi

to herald (as the appearance of a particular star signals the beginning of a particular month)


kaumātua

From Proto-Polynesian *kaumatuqa related to Proto-Polynesian *matuqa, analyzed as kau + mātua (see Hawaiian ʻaumakua). Doublet of koromatua.


tikanga

custom, convention, correct manner of doing things


e noho rā

goodbye (said by one going to one staying)


haere ra

goodbye (said by one staying to one going)


tērā

that, yonder (referring to something distant from both speaker and listener)


tēnā koe

[ˌtɛːˈnɑː kɔɛ]

hello (to one person)
(literally, "There you are")


tēnā

that (referring to something near the listener)


tēnei

Analyzable as te (definite article) + nei (determiner, “here” or “this”, close to the speaker).

this (referring to something near to the speaker)

tērā

that; far from both speaker and listener


whakataurekareka

whaka- (“to make”) + taurekareka (“a slave”)


Aoraki

Aoraki is the name of a person in the mythology of the Ngāi Tahu (South Island Māori) tribe. The word is said to be a compound of ao (“world, daytime, cloud”) + raki, a southern variant of rangi (“day, sky, weather”).

(southern dialect) Mount Cook (tallest mountain in New Zealand)


Initonīhia

Indonesia (a country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia)


kokomo

Partial reduplication of komo (“to insert”) from Proto-Polynesian *komo₁ (compare with Hawaiian ʻomo (“lid, cover”)).


whakahohe

to enable (to activate a function of an electronic or mechanical device)


kai-

(added to verbs) A person that does an action indicated by the root verb; used to form an agent noun.


whana

From Proto-Polynesian, from Proto-Oceanic, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *panaq, from Proto-Austronesian *panaq.


whana

revolt, rebellion, mutiny, uprising, riot, insurrection


kapuni

From Kapuni in Taranaki, the location of New Zealand's first production natural gas field.