barah

barah (Jawi spelling باره, plural barah-barah)

Indonesian: barah

From Proto-Malayic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀəq, from Proto-Austronesian *baʀəq (“abscess, boil, swelling on the body”).

inh

Penyakit kardiovaskular di Negara Brunei Darussalam kekal sebagai penyebab kedua tertinggi selepas barah, di mana ia menyumbang hampir 25 peratus kematian pada tahun 2018.

2020 November 22, Nooratini Haji Abas, “Penyakit kardiovaskular semakin meningkat dalam golongan muda”, in Pelita Brunei:

Cardiovascular disease in Brunei Darussalam remains the second highest cause (of death) after cancer, where it accounted for nearly 25 percent of deaths in 2018.

Sebuah pusat barah bersepadu baru, yang dijangka dapat menyediakan rawatan bagi sekitar 1,800 pesakit setahun pada masa akan datang, telah dilancarkan di Hospital Mount Alvernia.

2023 January 18, Farid Hamzah, “Pusat barah bersepadu baru di Hospital Mount Alvernia”, in Berita Harian (Singapore):

A new integrated cancer centre, which is expected to provide treatment for around 1,800 patients a year in the future, has been launched at Mount Alvernia Hospital.

(esp. Riau, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei) cancer


lobak merah

→ Tausug: lubba' mila

Calque from Cantonese 紅蘿蔔／红萝卜 (hung⁴ lo⁴ baak⁶, “carrot, red radish”, literally “red radish”).


kendala

ms-noun

kendala (Jawi spelling کندالا, plural kendala-kendala)

Indonesian: kendala


زبيب

زبيب (plural زبيب-زبيب or زبيب٢)


tanggungjawab

تڠݢوڠجواب (Jawi)
tanggung jawab (alternative)

Indonesian: tanggung jawab

tanggung (“to bear”) + jawab (“to answer”).

compound

memertanggungjawabkan [causative passive + agent focus + causative benefactive]

pertanggungjawaban [causative passive + resultative


cermin mata

چرمين مات (Jawi)

desc

→ Tausug: samin-mata (“eyeglasses; spectacles”) (calque)

cermin (“mirror”) + mata (“eye”) (compare Indonesian cermin mata).


berkaca mata

برکاچ مات (Jawi)

ber- (“to use; to wear”) + kaca mata (“spectacles; glasses”) (compare Indonesian berkacamata).

prefix

bespectacled (wears spectacles or glasses)


bercermin mata

ms-adj

bercermin mata (Jawi spelling برچرمين مات)

برچرمين مات (Jawi)

ber- (“to use; to wear”) + cermin mata (“spectacles; glasses”).


pertempuran

ms-noun

pertempuran (Jawi spelling ڤرتمڤورن, plural pertempuran-pertempuran)

ڤرتمڤورن (Jawi)
pertempuran-pertempuran (plural)

Indonesian: pertempuran


pertanyaan

pertanyaan (Jawi spelling ڤرتاڽاءن, plural pertanyaan-pertanyaan)

ڤرتاڽاءن (Jawi)
pertanyaan-pertanyaan (plural)


ketuhar

ketuhar (Jawi spelling کتوهر, plural ketuhar-ketuhar)

From thūr (طور) > tuhar > ke + tuhar (ketuhar). Thūr (طور) refers to a traditional oven, typically made of clay or mud, used for baking bread and other foods. It is similar to the English term "tannur" or "tanour," which describes a cylindrical clay oven commonly found in Middle Eastern and North African cuisines.

oven (chamber used for baking or heating)


kala jengking

kala jengking (Jawi spelling کالاجڠکيڠ, plural kala-kala jengking)

کالاجڠکيڠ (Jawi)
kala-kala jengking (plural)

→ Indonesian: kalajengking

→ Tausug: kalajangking


acuan

acuan (Jawi spelling اچوان, plural acuan-acuan)

Indonesian: acuan

acuan kuih

mold for bite-sized cakes, cookies or pastry

mold (hollow object with a fixed shape to which liquid is poured in to form a solid substance)

mold (framework or model on which something is formed or shaped)

(figurative) something (e.g. person or concept) that forms, shapes or molds another object


-kah

-که (Jawi)
ke (alternative)
ka (alternative)
ke (alternative)

Indonesian: -kah

Adakah awak lapar?

Akan tetapi, bukankah aku sudah melepaskanmu dan menyuruhmu terbang bebas?

1371 CE [c. 1296–1316 CE], Kadi Hasan, Hikayat Bayan Budiman (fiction), translation of Tutinama by Ziya' al-Din Nakhshabi (in Persian); transcribed from Jawi script into the Latin alphabet Ekawati Ekawati, Doni Setiyawan, editors, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, 2016, →ISBN:

Nevertheless, have I not already released you and told you to fly free?

Maukah tuan berdua mendengarkan cerita hamba ini?

Would both masters want to hear the story of this servant?

Pernahkah anda bermasalah dengan orang yang memiliki wajah baik sedang sebenarnya menyimpan agenda buruk terhadap diri anda?

2018 March 17, “Waspada agar tidak mudah terpedaya [Be careful so as not to be easily deceived]”, in Media Permata, archived from the original on 2018-10-29:

Have you ever had problems with someone who has a good face but actually holds a bad agenda against you?

Used on modal verbs and adverbs in questions.

Berapa ramaikah orang dalam keluarga awak?

How many people are there in your family?

Dari manakah awak datang?

Lalu siapakah mengucapkan salam kepadaku?

Used on interrogative words to indicate emphasis.

Benarkah persepsi-persepsi ini? Betulkah wajah seseorang itu melambangkan siapa dia? Bolehkah kita meramal peribadi seseorang itu berdasarkan apa yang kita lihat sahaja?

Are these perceptions real? Is it true that a person's face can represent who he/she is? Can we predict a person's personality based on what we see only?

Used to indicate uncertainty in a statement.


sampah

sampah (Jawi spelling سمڤه, plural sampah-sampah)

Indonesian: sampah

→ Min Nan: 儳飽 /儳饱 (sâm-pá)

Rakyat di daerah ini disaran mengikis sikap dan budaya membuang sampah merata-rata memandangkan Tuaran kini menjadi salah satu destinasi pelancongan negeri.

2014 April 4, Assim Hassan, “Jangan buang sampah merata-rata”, in Utusan Malaysia, archived from the original on 2018-10-14:

Residents of this district are urged to erode the attitude and culture of throwing rubbish everywhere as Tuaran is now one of the state's tourist destinations.

discarded items that are of no use (rubbish; garbage; junk; trash; waste)

location where rubbish is dispose; peR- + -an

persampahan [causative passive + resultative


menyampah

مڽامڤه (Jawi)

"Bagi saya hubungan kami berjalan dengan baik dan tidak ada apa-apa yang hendak disorokkan. Sebabnya kalau lagi disorok sesuatu hubungan itu, saya takut nanti orang akan menyampah. Kenapa perlu berahsia kerana lambat laun orang akan tahu juga nanti," katanya lagi.

2013 May 21, Abd. Aziz Itar, “Tidak mahu orang menyampah”, in Utusan Malaysia, archived from the original on 2018-10-14:

"To me the relationship is going well and there is nothing to hide. Because if I were to continue to hide the relationship, I fear that people would hate (me). Why keep a secret when people would eventually know," he says.

Guru besar berasa menyampah melihat bekas muridnya yang mempunyai rambut berwarna ganjil.

The headmaster felt disgusted to see his former student with brightly colored hair.

(literary, intransitive) to feel disgusted or repelled upon (usually caused by unpleasant sight or smell)

(colloquial, intransitive) to disturb somebody

(obsolete, intransitive) to resemble rubbish in appearance


natrium hidroksida

نتريوم هيدروکسيدا

natrium hidroksida (Jawi spelling نتريوم هيدروکسيدا)

نتريوم هيدروکسيدا (Jawi)

natrium (“sodium”) + hidroksida (“hydroxide”)


pelajar

ms-noun

pelajar (Jawi spelling ڤلاجر, plural pelajar-pelajar)

From dissimilated per- + ajar (“to teach”)

siswi

student enrol in an institution of higher learning

Raja Mohamad Amin yang merupakan pelajar Ijazah Sarjana Filem dan Televisyen berkata, pendakian sangat mencabar kerana angin bertiup lebih kencang daripada biasa berikutan taufan Jebi baru lepas melanda.

2018 October 11, Abdul Razak Idris, “8 pelajar Universiti Lim Kok Wing tawan Gunung Fuji [8 students from Lim Kok Wing University conquer Mount Fuji]”, in Utusan Malaysia, archived from the original on 2018-10-12:

Raja Mohamad Amin who is a student of the Master in Digital Film and Television says that the climb is very challenging because the wind was blowing stronger than usual due to typhoon Jebi that just hit recently.

one who studies or researches a particular branch of knowledge

Nafas masa mengibar layak—koyak, basah dan garang;
dirinya pelajar yang sabar sopan diranumi alam.
Dan di tengah pekan, dirinya polis segan menyaman;
di pantai polemik, ia pendebat payah disanggah.

2005, A. Samad Said, A. Samad Said: Sebuah antologi puisi yang menghimpunkan karya-karya selama setengah abad [A. Samad Said: An anthology of poems assembled from works spanning half a century], Utusan Publications, Menyongsong Abad (Poem No. 165), page 324:


pencemaran

ڤنچمرن (Jawi)

pencemaran alam sekitar

pencemaran air

pencemaran bunyi

pencemaran udara

Berlaku pencemaran ammonia dalam kandungan sungai Johor mengakibatkan kualiti air mentah merosot dan menjejaskan bekalan air mentah di bebarapa kawasan di sekitar Johor Bahru.

2017 April 18, Zulhisham Isahak, “Sungai diancam pencemaran [River threatened by pollution]”, in Utusan Malaysia, archived from the original on 2017-04-29:

Occurrence of ammonia contamination in the contents of the Johor River has caused the raw water quality to decline and has affected the supply of raw water in some areas around Johor Bahru.

Difahamkan, terdapat empat ladang ternakan ayam dengan satu daripadanya turut mempunyai kilang memproses baja najis haiwan berkenaan dan menjadi punca kepada pencemaran ammonia hingga menjejaskan tiga Loji Rawatan Air (LRA).

2017 October 30, Mohd Fahmi Mohd Yusof, “Isu Sungai Johor: Penduduk dakwa pencemaran sejak 3 tahun lalu [Issue regarding Johor River: Residents claim pollution has occurred since 3 years ago]”, in Berita Harian, archived from the original on 2017-10-30:

It is learnt that there are four domestic chicken farms and one of them also had a factory that processes animal manure (from the farm) into fertilizer and this became the cause of ammonia contamination that eventually affected three water treatment plants.


alam sekitar

عالم سکيتر (Jawi)

alam (“world; realm”) + sekitar (“surrounding”)

compound

Jabatan Alam Sekitar

Cintailah alam sekitar anda!


alam sekitar

عالم سکيتر (Jawi)

pencemaran alam sekitar

kejuruteraan alam sekitar

Satu pelan komprehensif dan terperinci perlu diwujudkan bagi mengatasi masalah pencemaran alam sekitar terutama tapak pembuangan sampah haram di sekitar kawasan Dewan Undangan Negeri (DUN) Sungai Kandis.

2018 July 23, Iskandar Shah Mohamed, “Pelan komprehensif atasi pencemaran alam sekitar [Comprehensive plan to overcome environmental pollution]”, in Berita Harian, archived from the original on 2018-10-16:

A comprehensive and detailed plan needs to be created to overcome the problem of environmental pollution especially (the issue of) illegal rubbish dumpsites around the area of the state constituency of Sungai Kandis.


membebaskan

ممبيبسکن (Jawi)

(transitive) to free; to set free; to set at liberty; to release; to grant freedom


banji

ms-noun

banji (Jawi spelling بنجي, plural banji-banji)

From Hokkien 卍字 (bān-jī, “swastika pattern”)

(Malacca, Singapore) swastika and similar key decorative motifs used in textiles and architecture.


jelas

From Proto-Malayic *jəlas. Compare Minangkabau jaleh, Kerinci jeleh.

Kata-katanya tidak jelas.

Aurally or visually easy to be perceived.

Jawapannya tidak jelas.

Pekerjaannya belum jelas.


jelas

pokok jelas (canonical)
ڤوکوق جلس (Jawi)


ortografi

اورتوݢرافي (Jawi)


capati

capati (Jawi spelling چڤاتي, plural capati-capati)

A flat, unleavened bread from India and Pakistan.


capati

head

capati (Jawi spelling چڤاتي, formal active mencapati, 3rd person passive dicapati)

چڤاتي (Jawi)
mencapati (active formal)
dicapati (passive third-person)

British mencapati janji mereka dengan Arab.

The British broke their promise with the Arabs.


susyi

ms-noun

susyi (Jawi spelling سوشي, plural susyi-susyi)

سوشي (Jawi)
susyi-susyi (plural)
سوشي (alternative)
sushi (alternative)

(cooking) sushi: vinegared rice served with fish or vegetables, etc.


realiti

رياليتي (Jawi)

Borrowed from English reality, from French réalité, from Middle French realité, from Medieval Latin reālitās (compare Indonesian realitas).

Panorama perkampungan dalam filem animasi itu dijelmakan di dunia realiti di kampung Juzcar. Ia turut dihiasi dengan replika karakter-karakter Smurfs yang merupakan makhluk-makhluk kerdil berwarna biru.

2017 July 28, “Dunia fantasi menjadi realiti [Fantasy world becomes reality]”, in Media Permata, archived from the original on 2017-07-29:

The village panorama in the animated film is transformed into a world of reality in the Juzcar village. It is also decorated with replicas of the Smurf characters that are blue colored dwarf creatures.


guru besar

guru besar (Jawi spelling ݢورو بسر, plural guru-guru besar)

ݢورو بسر (Jawi)
guru-guru besar (plural)

Hadir dalam majlis tersebut ialah guru besar, Hajah Noorliah binti Haji Aspar, penolong-penolong guru besar, guru-guru dan semua pelajar di sekolah tersebut.

2018 October 11, Sahama, “Menghargai jasa guru [To appreciate the services of teachers]”, in Media Permata, archived from the original on 2018-10-25:

Present at the ceremony was the principal, Hajah Noorliah binti Haji Aspar, assistant principals, teachers and all the students of the school.

(Malaysia) the principal or headteacher of a school

Comparison of Standard Malay and Indonesian

pengetua

head of a school, college or polytechnic


abonemen

ابونمين (Jawi)

From Indonesian abonemen, from Dutch abonnement (“subscription”), from French abonnement.


abonemen

head

abonemen (Jawi spelling ابونمين, also used in the form berabonemen)

ابونمين (Jawi)
berabonemen (also used-in-the-form)


perkataan

ms-noun

perkataan (Jawi spelling ڤرکاتاءن, plural perkataan-perkataan)

ڤرکاتاءن (Jawi)
perkataan-perkataan (plural)


تلور

تلور (plural تلور-تلور or تلور٢)


PKP

(Malaysia) Initialism of perintah kawalan pergerakan (“movement control order, measures taken to control the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia”): MCO


korupsi

کوروڤسي (Jawi)

From English corruption, from French corruption, from Latin corruptiō. By surface analysis, korup + -si.


ڤردان منتري

ڤردان منتري٢

ڤارا ڤردان منتري

ڤردان منتري (plural ڤردان منتري٢ or ڤارا ڤردان منتري)

ڤردان منتري٢ (plural)
ڤارا ڤردان منتري (plural)


musnah

ms-verb

musnah (Jawi spelling موسنه, transitive)

memusnahkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dimusnahkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


kuliah

Indonesian: kuliah

Borrowed from Arabic كُلِّيَّة (kulliyya).


sekolah tinggi

Compound of sekolah (“school”) + tinggi (“high”), calque of English high school.

com+

Sekolah Tinggi Persendirian Cina

Sekolah Tinggi Pemerintah Bukit Panjang

secondary school
secondary school#English

(education, Malaysia, Singapore) high school, secondary school: an institution which provides all or part of secondary education.

sekolah tinggi
sekolah tinggi#Indonesian

(education, Indonesia) see Indonesian sekolah tinggi (“hogeschool, college”).


sekolah menengah

ms-noun

sekolah menengah (Jawi spelling سکوله منڠه, plural sekolah-sekolah menengah)

سکوله منڠه (Jawi)
sekolah-sekolah menengah (plural)

Indonesian: sekolah menengah

Compound of sekolah (“school”) + menengah (“middle”), calque of Dutch middelbare school (“high school”, literally “middle school”).

calque

(education) high school (US), secondary school (UK).

sekolah rendah

primary school (UK), elementary school (US)


pawagam

ms-noun

pawagam (Jawi spelling ڤاواݢم, plural pawagam-pawagam)


adab

adab (Jawi spelling ادب, plural adab-adab)

Indonesian: adab

peradaban [causative passive + resultative

berperadaban [stative

civilised, to reach civilisation; beR- + peR- + -an

habitual + causative passive + resultative

memperadabkan [causative agent focus + causative benefactive]

to treat someone with good manners; meN- + -i

mengadabi [agent focus + causative benefactive]


syah

From Classical Persian شاه (šāh, “shah”). Doublet of cek.

(sports) Check; an exclamation that shows that the king piece in chess is in danger.


syah

syah (Jawi spelling شاه, plural syah-syah)

شاه (Jawi)
syah-syah (plural)
shah (alternative)

Indonesian: syah

A male monarch; a man who heads a monarchy.

A king:
(sports) The king piece in chess


prefektur

Borrowed from English prefecture, from Middle French préfecture, from Latin praefectūra.

prefecture (the office or position of a prefecture)

prefecture (the jurisdiction or region of a prefect)


waris

waris (Jawi spelling واريث, plural waris-waris)

Indonesian: waris

→ Negeri Sembilan Malay: waghih

→ Tausug: waris

perwarisan [causative passive + resultative

mewariskan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

mewarisi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

diwariskan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

diwarisi [patient focus + causative benefactive]


belalang

belalang (Jawi spelling بلالڠ, plural belalang-belalang)

Indonesian: belalang


belut

bêlut (Jawi spelling بلوت, plural belut-belut)

bêlut (canonical)
بلوت (Jawi)
belut-belut (plural)

> Indonesian: belut (inherited)


sumbu

sumbu (Jawi spelling سومبو, plural sumbu-sumbu)


bupala

bupala (Jawi spelling بوڤالا, plural bupala-bupala)


angkasawan

angkasawan (Jawi spelling اڠکاساون, plural angkasawan-angkasawan)

اڠکاساون (Jawi)
angkasawan-angkasawan (plural)


uskup

uskup (Jawi spelling اوسکوڤ, plural uskup-uskup)

From Arabic أُسْقُف (ʔusquf, “bishop”), from Coptic ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ (episkopos), from Ancient Greek ἐπίσκοπος (epískopos). Doublet of biskop.


bocah

bocah (Jawi spelling بوچه, plural bocah-bocah)

From Javanese ꦧꦺꦴꦕꦃ (bocah), from Old Javanese boñcah.


babut

babut (Jawi spelling بابوت, plural babut-babut)


perisai

perisai (Jawi spelling ڤريساي, plural perisai-perisai)


lahad

lahad (Jawi spelling لحد, plural lahad-lahad)

Indonesian: lahad


lampit

lampit (Jawi spelling لمڤيت, plural lampit-lampit)


lanjam

lanjam (Jawi spelling لنجم, plural lanjam-lanjam)


larung

larung (Jawi spelling لاروڠ, plural larung-larung)


latang

latang (Jawi spelling لاتڠ, plural latang-latang)


pendapa

pendapa (Jawi spelling ڤنداڤ, plural pendapa-pendapa)


pengecut

pengecut (Jawi spelling ڤڠچوت, plural pengecut-pengecut)


pengemis

pengemis (Jawi spelling ڤڠميس, plural pengemis-pengemis)


pengerusi

pengerusi (Jawi spelling ڤڠروسي, plural pengerusi-pengerusi)

ڤڠروسي (Jawi)
pengerusi-pengerusi (plural)


pengarah

pengarah (Jawi spelling ڤڠاره, plural pengarah-pengarah)


pensyarah

> Indonesian: pensyarah (inherited)


peranggi

peranggi-peranggi (plural)
perenggi (alternative)

From Persian فرنگی (farangi, “European, Westerner”), from Old French franc.


perancah

ms-noun

perancah (Jawi spelling ڤرانچه, plural perancah-perancah)

ڤرانچه (Jawi)
perancah-perancah (plural)


perangkap

perangkap (Jawi spelling ڤرڠکڤ, plural perangkap-perangkap)

ڤرڠکڤ (Jawi)
perangkap-perangkap (plural)


perangkawan

perangkawan (Jawi spelling ڤراڠکاون, plural perangkawan-perangkawan)

ڤراڠکاون (Jawi)
perangkawan-perangkawan (plural)


percaya

percaya (canonical)
ڤرچاي (Jawi)
caya (alternative)

> Indonesian: percaya (inherited)

→ Maranao: paratiyaya

→ Tausug: paratsaya

Orang Islam wajib percaya kepada hari kiamat.

It is obligatory for Muslims to believe in (lit. "be believing towards") judgement day.

Aku percaya kepada kau sebab aku tahu kau orang yang jujur.

I trust (lit. "am trusting towards") you because I know you're an honest person.


percaya

Kau percaya ke apa yang dia kata?

(informal) Alternative form of mempercayai or percayai.


Peringgi

Ultimately from Persian فرنگی (farangi), from Persian فرنگ (farang), from Old French franc.


persegi

persegi (Jawi spelling ڤرسݢي, plural persegi-persegi)

Indonesian: persegi

→ Sundanese: pasagi

→ Tausug: pasagi'


pinggul

pinggul (Jawi spelling ڤيڠݢول, plural pinggul-pinggul)


pijar

pijar (Jawi spelling ڤيجر, plural pijar-pijar)


prahara

prahara (Jawi spelling ڤراهارا, plural prahara-prahara)

Indonesian: prahara

From Javanese prahara (ꦥꦿꦲꦫ, “storm; typhoon”), from Old Javanese prahāra (“stroke, blow, knock, gust, squall”), from Sanskrit प्रहार (prahāra, “attack, hit”).

bor

<i class="Java mention" lang="jv">ꦥꦿꦲꦫ</i>


puntuk

ms-noun

puntuk (Jawi spelling ڤونتوق, plural puntuk-puntuk)


penggawa

penggawa (Jawi spelling ڤڠݢاوا, plural penggawa-penggawa)

ڤڠݢاوا (Jawi)
penggawa-penggawa (plural)

→ Indonesian: penggawa

From Classical Malay penggawa, from Sanskrit पुङ्गव (puṅgava).


rakap

rakap (Jawi spelling راکڤ, plural rakap-rakap)


remang

remang (Jawi spelling رمڠ, plural remang-remang)


rencong

rencong (Jawi spelling رينچوڠ, plural rencong-rencong)


sentil

sentil (Jawi spelling سنتيل, plural sentil-sentil)


seniwati

سنيواتي (Jawi)


tenuk

tenuk (Jawi spelling تنوق, plural tenuk-tenuk)


penjagaan

penjagaan (Jawi spelling ڤنجاݢاءن, plural penjagaan-penjagaan)

ڤنجاݢاءن (Jawi)
penjagaan-penjagaan (plural)

Indonesian: pênjagaan


penjaga

penjaga (Jawi spelling ڤنجاݢ, plural penjaga-penjaga)


istanggi

istanggi (Jawi spelling ايستڠݢي, plural istanggi-istanggi)

ايستڠݢي (Jawi)
istanggi-istanggi (plural)


combol

combol (Jawi spelling چومبول, plural combol-combol)


daki

daki (Jawi spelling داکي, plural daki-daki)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daki (“dirt on skin; dandruff; tartar on teeth”).

inh

dirty stuff that sticks to the body, clothes etc.


daki

From Proto-Austronesian *dakiS (“climb, ascend”).

mendakikan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

didakikan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

Mendaki gunung

Roket itu sedang mendaki.


Nasrani

نصراني (Jawi)

Borrowed from Arabic نَصْرَانِيّ (naṣrāniyy, “Christian”). Doublet of Serani.


pasca-

Learned borrowing from Indonesian pasca-, from Sanskrit पश्चा (paścā). Coined by Indonesian academician Poerbatjaraka 1950s.

coinage

pascabayar


membesar

Affixation of meng- + besar (“big, adult (grown up)”).

Mengapakah bayang-bayang kita membesar pada waktu awal pagi dan waktu lewat petang?

Why do our shadows get bigger in the early morning and in the late afternoon?

(intransitive) to become bigger or to increase in size

Saya membesar dekat Amerika Syarikat.

(intransitive, figurative) to be arrogant


biksu

ms-noun

biksu (Jawi spelling بيقسو, plural biksu-biksu)

بيقسو (Jawi)
biksu-biksu (plural)
biku (alternative)
bikuni (alternative)
biksuni (alternative)

From Sanskrit भिक्षु (bhikṣú, “mendicant”).

(Buddhism) bhikkhu, a Buddhist monk or priest; one who follows all Buddhist precepts as a full member of the sangha.


graha

graha (Jawi spelling ݢراها, plural graha-graha)

big residence; special building for occasions.


gerhana

gerhana (Jawi spelling ݢرهان, plural gerhana-gerhana)

From Javanese grahana (ꦒꦿꦲꦤ, “eclipse”), from Old Javanese, from Sanskrit ग्रहण (grahaṇa, “eclipse”).

(astronomy) eclipse, passage of a planetary object between others.


insinyur

insinyur (Jawi spelling اينسينيور, plural insinyur-insinyur)

اينسينيور (Jawi)
insinyur-insinyur (plural)

Borrowed from Indonesian insinyur, from Dutch ingenieur (“engineer”), from Middle French ingénieur, from modified, based on the verb ingénier, from Old French engigneor, itself from engin or from Medieval Latin ingeniator or ingeniārius (“one who makes or uses an engine”), from Latin ingenium (“an engine”), from in (“in”) + gignō, gignere (“to produce, cause”). Doublet of enjin.

(Indonesia) engineer, a person who is qualified or professionally engaged in any branch of engineering.


wanara

wanara (Jawi spelling ونارا, plural wanara-wanara)


taksonomi

taksonomi (Jawi spelling تکسونومي, plural taksonomi-taksonomi)

تکسونومي (Jawi)
taksonomi-taksonomi (plural)


کوالا

کوالا (plural کوالا-کوالا or کوالا٢)


لومڤور

لومڤور (plural لومڤور-لومڤور or لومڤور٢)

لومڤور-لومڤور (plural)
لومڤور٢ (plural)


persimpangan

persimpangan (Jawi spelling ڤرسيمڤڠن, plural persimpangan-persimpangan)

ڤرسيمڤڠن (Jawi)
persimpangan-persimpangan (plural)


mengacau

ms-verb

mengacau (Jawi spelling مڠاچاو, transitive)

مڠاچاو (Jawi)

Indonesian: mengacau

Kami bergilir-gilir mengacau dodol selama lapan jam.

We took turns to stir the dodol for eight hours.

to stir a mixture until its composition becomes even

(figurative) to disturb; to agitate; to stir


ganggu

Indonesian: ganggu

→ Hokkien: 愣㥥 (gāng-gu)

Infinitive of mengganggu (“to disturb; to bother; to prevent”).


warga negara

ms-noun

warga negara (Jawi spelling ورݢ نݢارا, plural warga-warga negara)

ورݢ نݢارا (Jawi)
warga-warga negara (plural)

[wäɾ.ɡə nə.ɡä.ɾə]

Warga negara Thailand
Thai citizen
Synonym(s): rakyat, warganegara

(nonstandard) nonstandard spelling of warganegara (“citizen”)


Antartika

انتارتيکا (Jawi)
Antarktika (alternative Indonesia)

From English Antarctica, from New Latin Antarctica.

Antarctica (the southernmost continent, south of the Southern Ocean, containing the South Pole)


masuk akal

ماسوق عقل (Jawi)


lobak

From Late Classical Malay lobak, from Cantonese 蘿蔔／萝卜 (lo⁴ baak⁶, “radish”).


bacaan

bacaan (Jawi spelling باچاءن, plural bacaan-bacaan)

Indonesian: bacaan

bahan bacaan

bacaan puisi


kebolehan

kebolehan (Jawi spelling کبوليهن, plural kebolehan-kebolehan)

کبوليهن (Jawi)
kebolehan-kebolehan (plural)

ability (a skill or competence in doing)


berkebolehan

ms-adjective

berkebolehan (Jawi spelling برکيبوليهان)

برکيبوليهان (Jawi)

wanita berkebolehan


macam

ms-noun

macam (Jawi spelling ماچم, plural macam-macam)

ماچم (Jawi)
macam-macam (plural)
mcm (alternative)


kembang api

kembang api (Jawi spelling کمبڠ اڤي, plural kembang-kembang api)

کمبڠ اڤي (Jawi)
kembang-kembang api (plural)

Compound of kembang (“flower”) + api (“fire”), literally “fire flower”, from
* calque from Chinese 花火 (“fireworks”, literally “flower fire”), or
* calque from Japanese 花火(はなび) (hanabi, “fireworks”, literally “flower fire”).


bunga api

ms-noun

bunga api (Jawi spelling بوڠا اڤي, plural bunga-bunga api)

بوڠا اڤي (Jawi)
bunga-bunga api (plural)

Compound of bunga (“flower”) + api (“fire”), probably from
* calque from Chinese 火花 (huǒhuā, “spark”, literally “fire + flower”), or
* calque from Japanese 火花(ひばな) (hibana, “spark”, literally “fire + flower”).


bunga api

Compound of bunga (“flower”) + api (“fire”), literally “fire flower”, from
* calque from Chinese 花火 (“fireworks”, literally “flower fire”), or
* calque from Japanese 花火(はなび) (hanabi, “fireworks”, literally “flower fire”).


tumpul

تومڤول (Jawi)

Indonesian: tumpul

Pisau tumpul

blunt, dull (of a knife, sword or any other sharp object)

Otak tumpul

(figurative) stupid, dull, slow of understanding


periksa

ڤريقسا (Jawi)

> Indonesian: periksa (inherited)

→ Tagalog: paligsa

From Classical Malay pariksa, from Sanskrit परीक्षा (parīkṣā, “inspection, investigation, examination, test”).


adi-

From Javanese ꦲꦢꦶ (adi), from Old Javanese adi, adhi, ādi (“beginning; first, principal; excellent”), from Sanskrit आदि, अधि (ādi, adhi).


rasuah

→ Indonesian: rasuah

Earlier spelt as رشوه (rashwah), from Arabic رشوة (rašwa, “bribe”).

Jangan memberi atau menerima rasuah!

Indeks Persepsi Rasuah

Unethical administrative or executive practices; corruption.


kebaikan

ms-noun

kebaikan (Jawi spelling کباءيقن, plural kebaikan-kebaikan)

کباءيقن (Jawi)
kebaikan-kebaikan (plural)

Indonesian: kebaikan

the state or quality of being good or kind


sambil

From Proto-Malayic [Term?]. See also ambil.


bahasa baku

بهاس باکو (Jawi)

Compound of bahasa (“language”) + baku (“standard”).

com+

The form of a language that is often seen as correct in all aspects; standard language.

The standard form of the Malay or Malaysian language.

Dalam bahasa baku, "biologi" disebut "bi-o-lo-gi", bukan "bai-o-lo-ji".

In bahasa baku, "biologi" is pronounced "bi-o-lo-gi", not "bai-o-lo-ji".

(informal) The artificial standardized accent of Malay where every letter has only one phonetic value as opposed to representing a phoneme which has various allophonic realizations (e.g. ⟨k⟩ is only pronounced as [k] as opposed to as [k] syllable-initially and as [ʔ] syllable-finally).


langit-langit

fabric placed on top of a room under an attap roof


dahulu

From Proto-Austronesian *zulu (“earlier, in advance”). Doublet of dulu.
Compare Malay hulu (“head, upstream”).


dahulu

Indonesian: dahulu


segera

desc

Indonesian: segera (“soon; immediately”)

From Sanskrit शीघ्र (śīghra, “speedy, quick, rapid”).


Ang Mo Kio

Anggota Parlimen Ang Mo Kio, Encik Yeo Toon Chia akan merasmikan pengundian penjualan 975 unit flet jenis tiga, empat dan lima bilik di Bandar Ang Mo Kio pada 2.00 petang esok.

1978 March 26, “Yeo rasmikan undi flat Ang Mo Kio [Yeo officiates voting of Ang Mo Kio flats]”, in Berita Harian, Singapore, page 2:

Member of Parliament for Ang Mo Kio, Mr. Yeo Toon Chia will officiate voting for the sale of 975 units of three, four and five-room flats in Ang Mo Kio town at 2.00 pm tomorrow.


singgasana

obsolete spelling of singgahsana - throne; "lion's seat"


asmara

اسمارا (Jawi)


asmara

Indonesian: asmara

to make love, to fornicate, to engage in sex


aniaya

Indonesian: aniaya

maltreatment; abuse; injustice; tyranny; oppression

menganiayai [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dianiayai [patient focus + causative benefactive]


butun

ms-noun

butun (Jawi spelling بوتون, plural butun-butun)

بوتون (Jawi)
butun-butun (plural)
butung (alternative)
buntun (alternative)

Indonesian: butun

Barringtonia asiatica
Barringtonia asiatica#Translingual


anugerah

anugerah (Jawi spelling انوݢره, plural anugerah-anugerah)

انوݢره (Jawi)
anugerah-anugerah (plural)

Indonesian: anugerah

→ Tausug: anughara' (“blessing; grace”)

From Sanskrit अनुग्रह (anugraha, “favour”).

menganugerahkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

menganugerahi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

Anugerah Juara Lagu


bahtera

bahtera (Jawi spelling بهترا, plural bahtera-bahtera)

Indonesian: bahtera

→ Tausug: bahitra'

From Sanskrit वहित्र (vahitra, “boat, vessel”).


bakti

Indonesian: bakti

→ Maranao: bakti

First attested in the Telaga Batu inscription, 683 AD, as Old Malay [script needed] (bhakti), from Sanskrit भक्ति (bhakti).

membaktikan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dibaktikan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


bendahara

بنداهارا (Jawi)

Indonesian: bendahara (“treasurer”)

desc

→ Tagalog: bandahali (“treasurer, head steward, manager, housekeeper”)

From Hindi भंडार (bhaṇḍār), भंडारा (bhaṇḍārā), or another New-Indo-Aryan language, from Sanskrit भाण्डागार (bhāṇḍāgāra).

(archaic) The treasurer of a kingdom or sultanate.

(historical) The chief minister and advisor to a Malay sultan in ancient times; a vizier.


menjelaskan

منجلسکن (Jawi)


peraturan

ڤراتورن (Jawi)

Sesiapa yang melanggar peraturan akan didenda.

Anyone who breaks the rules will be punished.


tenggelam

Indonesian: tenggelam

menenggelami [agent focus + causative benefactive]

menenggelamkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

to submerge, to sink (under water; disappear from surface or eye-sight)

(literature) to set (of sun; into the sea)


peminat

ms-noun

peminat (Jawi spelling ڤمينت, plural peminat-peminat)

peminat BTS

A fan or supporter (of a musical artist, a sports team, etc.).

peminat linguistik

An enthusiast; someone who is very interested in a particular subject.


perlu

From Arabic فَرْض (farḍ, “obligation”). Doublet of fardu.


perlu

perlu (Jawi spelling ڤرلو, plural perlu-perlu)


perlu

Indonesian: perlu

Kamu perlu makan sekarang!

Kamu perlu satu buah kereta saja.


budiman

From Sanskrit बुद्धिमान (buddhimāna, “intelligent; wise”).

der

Makka Herodus berpangil ůrang bůdiman berbiſikbiſik, daã prikxey dari deanja ka Waktů mana Meliät-n’ja bintang itů.

1612, Albert Cornelius Ruyl, Translation of the Gospel of Matthew into Malay, 2:7:

Then Herod, when he had privily called the wise men, enquired of them diligently what time the star appeared.


busana

ms-noun

busana (Jawi spelling بوسان, plural busana-busana)

From Sanskrit भूषण (bhūṣaṇa, “ornament”).


penumpang

penumpang (Jawi spelling ڤنومڤڠ, plural penumpang-penumpang)

ڤنومڤڠ (Jawi)
penumpang-penumpang (plural)


kemudi

kemudi (Jawi spelling کمودي, plural kemudi-kemudi)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kama-udəhi affixing *udəhi; also analyzable as mudi + ke- (compare with keluar). Doublet of mudi, mudik, and udi.


kemudi

Indonesian: kemudi

→ Urak Lawoi': เกอมูดี (kemudi)

mengemudikan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dikemudikan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


bagai

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bagay (“same kind or type; fitting; well-matched; suitable”).

inh

bagai anjing menyalak tidak menggigit

all bark and no bite (lit. "like a dog barking, it doesn't bite")


bagai

ms-noun

bagai (Jawi spelling باݢاي, plural bagai-bagai)


keranda

keranda (Jawi spelling کرندا, plural keranda-keranda)

Indonesian: keranda

From Pali karaṇḍa (“basket”), from Sanskrit करण्ड (karaṇḍa, “basket”).


perkara

perkara (Jawi spelling ڤرکارا, plural perkara-perkara)

> Indonesian: perkara (inherited)

→ Maguindanao: palakala

→ Tausug: parkala'

First attested in the Talang Tuo inscription, 684AD. From Sanskrit प्रकार (prakāra).

(law) article: a section of a legal document, bylaws, etc.


bahas

bahas (Jawi spelling بحث, plural bahas-bahas)

بحث (Jawi)
bahas-bahas (plural)
bahath (alternative)


bahas

head

bahas (Jawi spelling بحث, active membahas, 3rd person passive dibahas)

بحث (Jawi)
membahas (active)
dibahas (passive third-person)
bahath (alternative)

Isu ini dibahas di parlimen minggu lepas.

This issue was debated in parliament last week.

(transitive) To examine, to investigate.


kesabaran

ms-noun

kesabaran (Jawi spelling کصبرن, plural kesabaran-kesabaran)

کصبرن (Jawi)
kesabaran-kesabaran (plural)


serikat

serikat (Jawi spelling سريکت, plural serikat-serikat)

From Arabic شَرِكَة (šarika). Doublet of syarikat and sarekat.

shared earnings collected between husband and wife


alih bahasa

alih bahasa (Jawi spelling اليه بهاس, plural alih-alih bahasa)

اليه بهاس (Jawi)
alih-alih bahasa (plural)

Compound of alih (“transfer”) + bahasa (“language”).

Translation; the conversion of text from one language to another.


acak

First-person and second-person passive of mengacak.


bagaimana

باݢايمان (Jawi)

Equivalent to bagai (“as if, like”) + mana (“which; where; how”).


celaka

Borrowed from Sanskrit छलक (chalaka, “delusive, cheating”).


celaka

ms-noun

celaka (Jawi spelling چلاک, plural celaka-celaka)

An accident (something that causes suffering).


celaka

> Indonesian: celaka (inherited)

Used to express contempt or annoyance; damn.


cempaka

> Indonesian: cempaka (inherited)

Magnolia champaca
Magnolia champaca#Translingual


cenderawasih

cenderawasih (Jawi spelling چندراواسيه, plural cenderawasih-cenderawasih)

چندراواسيه (Jawi)
cenderawasih-cenderawasih (plural)

From Sanskrit चन्द्र (candra, “moon, glittering, shinning”) + वाशी (vāśī, “roar, cry”).


curiga

Indonesian: curiga

Borrowed from Sanskrit छुरिका (churikā, “knive”).
* Hoogervorst (2007) proposes semantic loan from Old Javanese culika, which is based on Sanskrit क्षुल्लक (kṣullaka, “wicked, vile”).

der

Kita mesti sentiasa curiga dengan apa-apa "ubat luar biasa".

We must always be suspicious of any "extraordinary medicines".

Believing someone to have a underlying motive; suspicious.


curiga

ms-noun

curiga (Jawi spelling چوريݢ, plural curiga-curiga)

Indonesian: curiga


dadih

dadih (Jawi spelling داديه, plural dadih-dadih)

> Indonesian: dadih (inherited)

From Sanskrit दधि (dadhi, “coagulated milk, thick and sour milk”).


سهاي

ms-noun

سهاي (plural سهاي-سهاي or سهاي٢)


همبا

همبا (plural همبا-همبا or همبا٢)


angsana

angsana (Jawi spelling اڠسان, plural angsana-angsana)

Indonesian: angsana

→ English: angsana

Borrowed from Sanskrit असन (asana). See also English asana.

Pterocarpus indicus
Pterocarpus indicus#Translingual


blm

(informal) Abbreviation of belum (“not yet”).


satuan

satuan (Jawi spelling ساتوان, plural satuan-satuan)


mualaf

(Islam) a person who has just converted to Islam


ikut

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ikuD, from Proto-Austronesian *ikuD. Compare Tagalog ikot.


توڤيڠ

توڤيڠ (plural توڤيڠ-توڤيڠ or توڤيڠ٢)


kedok

kedok (Jawi spelling کدوق, plural kedok-kedok)


کدوق

کدوق (plural کدوق-کدوق or کدوق٢)


supir

supir (Jawi spelling سوڤير, plural supir-supir)

Synonym of pemandu (“chauffeur; driver”), Indonesian informal spelling of sopir.


سوڤير

سوڤير (plural سوڤير-سوڤير or سوڤير٢)


jasad

jasad (Jawi spelling جسد, plural jasad-jasad)

> Indonesian: jasad (inherited)

→ Tausug: jasad


jemaah

jemaah (Jawi spelling جماعه, plural jemaah-jemaah)

(Islam) congregation (during Friday prayers at the mosque)

(Islam) pilgrimage (especially to Mecca and Medina)


baginda

بݢيندا (Jawi)

From Court Malay, Sanskrit भाग्य (bhāgya).

(Palace Malay) he, she (exclusive use in royalty)


telur di hujung tanduk

Literaly, "an egg on the tip of the horns"

(idiomatic) something or someone on a knife-edge


licin seperti belut

(simile) difficult to catch; slippery as an eel


di mana ada kemahuan, di situ ada jalan

where there's a will, there's a way
where there's a will, there's a way


kecewa

From Old Javanese kuciwa (“disappointing”)


sedikit-sedikit, lama-lama jadi bukit

berdikit-dikit, lama-lama jadi bukit (alternative)

many a mickle makes a muckle
many a mickle makes a muckle

sehari selembar benang, lama-lama menjadi kain


kata periuk belanga hitam

pot calling the kettle black
pot calling the kettle black

(idiomatic) pot calling the kettle black


ms-verb

masuk telinga kanan, keluar telinga kiri

Literally, “going inside the left ear then going outside the right ear.”

literally

go in one ear and out the other
go in one ear and out the other

(idiomatic) to go in one ear and out the other


orientasi seksual

ms-noun

orientasi seksual (plural orientasi-orientasi seksual)


air mawar

air mawar (Jawi spelling اءير ماور, plural air-air mawar)


tempayan

tempayan (Jawi spelling تمڤاين, plural tempayan-tempayan)

تمڤاين (Jawi)
tempayan-tempayan (plural)

Indonesian: tempayan

Nasalization of tapaian, from tapai + -an.

Mat tempayan

1998 March 5, Guru_besar, “dialog - mat kambing & mat tempayan”, in sg.singnet.language.malay (Usenet):

large, wide-mouthed earthenware or stoneware jar

(West Kalimantan) large, medium wide-mouthed jar made from cement


jintan

jintan (Jawi spelling جينتن, plural jintan-jintan)

From Old Javanese jinten ~ ginten, from Hindi जीरा (jīrā, “cumin”), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀚𑀻𑀭𑀕 (jīraga), from Sanskrit जीरक (jīraka).


maharajalela

maharajalela (Jawi spelling مهاراجاليلا, plural maharajalela-maharajalela)

مهاراجاليلا (Jawi)
maharajalela-maharajalela (plural)

maharaja (“emperor”) + lela (“good or proper behavior”)

bermaharajalela [stative

to do as one pleases, to go on a rampage

(Classical Malay) the royal executioner; a minister who beheads a criminal


barek

(dialectal) to unpack with unorganized manner

(dialectal) to search about while creating a mess


wargamaya

ورڬماي (Jawi)
ورڬماي (alternative)
warga maya (alternative)

From warga + maya, variant calque of English netizen.


selan

ms-noun

selan (Jawi spelling سيلن, plural selan-selan)

From Persian سیلان (saylān, “Ceylon”). Doublet of Sailan.


magik

From English magic, from Middle English magik, magyk, from Old French magique (noun and adjective), from Latin magicus (adjective), magica (noun use of feminine form of magicus), from Ancient Greek μαγικός (magikós, “magical”), from μάγος (mágos, “magus”). Ultimately from Old Iranian, probably derived from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂gʰ- (“to be able to, to help; power, sorcerer”). Doublet of Majusi.


UMS

Universiti Malaysia Sabah
w:ms:Universiti Malaysia Sabah

(Malaysia) Initialism of Universiti Malaysia Sabah.


pendahuluan

ms-noun

pendahuluan (Jawi spelling ڤندهولوان, plural pendahuluan-pendahuluan)

ڤندهولوان (Jawi)
pendahuluan-pendahuluan (plural)


himpun

ms-verb

himpun (Jawi spelling هيمڤون, transitive)

From Classical Malay هيمڤون (himpun), from Proto-Malayic *himpun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qi(m)pun. Cognate to Tagalog ipon.

perhimpunan [causative passive + resultative

dihimpunkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


gerek

to bore (to make a hole through something)

menggerekkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]


gerek

head

gérék (comparative lebih gerek, superlative paling gerek, Jawi spelling ݢيريق)

gérék (canonical)
lebih gerek (comparative)
paling gerek (superlative)
ݢيريق (Jawi)

Yang paling tak gerek sekali kalau lupa nak zip seluar.

2007, Mohamed Pitchay Gani Mohamed Abdul Aziz, Evolusi bahasa Melayu: 2000 tahun dari zaman purba ke budaya elektronik [Evolution of Malay language: 2000 years from the ancient times to electronic culture], Penerbit Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, →ISBN, page 106:

The one thing that isn't very cool is if one forgets to zip his or her trousers.

Mungkin ada yang menganggap macam tak gerek gunting rambut di kedai pak cik.

2014 July 5, Shahida Sarhid, “'Rapper' buka kedai 'barber' ['Rapper' opens a barbershop]”, in Berita Harian, Mediacorp:

Perhaps, there's someone who thinks that it is not cool to have a haircut at uncle's shop.

"Konsert ini sangat 'gerek' sebab sudah dua tahun tidak dapat menonton konsert dan mereka menampilkan artis legenda seperti Fuad Rahman dan ketiga-tiga Singapore Idol dan saya juga peminat besar Iskandar Ismail," kongsi Encik Fahd.

2022 October 25, Nazirah Nurfatin Jamzuri, “Tiga 'Singapore Idol' bergabung, jayakan konsert Hari Raya berskala besar pertama di Tampines [Three 'Singapore Idol' joined forces, making the first full scale Hari Raya concert in Tampines a success]”, in Berita, Singapore: Mediacorp, archived from the original on 2022-10-25:

This concert is very awesome because I haven't watched the concert in two years already and they featured legendary artists like Fuad Rahman, and all three Singapore Idol and I'm also a big fan of Iskandar Ismail," shared by Mr. Fahd.

(Malaysia, Singapore, colloquial) awesome; cool


gerek

rumput gerek telinga
rumput gerek telinga#Malay

Only used in rumput gerek telinga (Ischaemum aristatum)


weskot

Borrowed from English waistcoat, from waist + coat.

Pemain simbal memakai weskot berwarna-warni dan kaki seluar panjang biru dimasukkan dalam kasut but Pendragon yang mahal setinggi lutut.

2007, Andrea Hirata, Laskar Pelangi, PTS Millennia, →ISBN:

Semasa dalam perbincangan pun, beliau suka meluangkan masa berjalan-jalan di Burlington Arcade dekat dengan Ritz untuk membeli baju weskot atau saputangan yang menarik, seperti yang telah beliau lakukan semasa zaman remajanya yang sia-sia di England.

2015, Harry Lee Kuan Yew, Kisah Singapura: Memoirs of Lee Kuan Yew, Marshall Cavendish International Asia Pte Ltd, →ISBN, page 411:


makhluk

ms-noun

makhluk (Jawi spelling مخلوق, plural makhluk-makhluk)

From Arabic مَخْلُوق (maḵlūq, “creature”).


makhluk halus

makhluk (“creature, being”) + halus (“invisible”)


peran

peran (Jawi spelling ڤرن, plural peran-peran)

> Indonesian: peran (inherited)

A person who acts a part in a theatrical play or in film or television; a dramatic performer; an actor.


peran

> Indonesian: peran (inherited)

Beam connecting the posts of the house above, on which the rafters rest.

The space directly below the roof in the uppermost part of a house or other building; the attic.


tembikai

tembikai (Jawi spelling تمبيکاي, plural tembikai-tembikai)

تمبيکاي (Jawi)
tembikai-tembikai (plural)

Indonesian: têmbikai

Metathesis of mendikai, borrowed from Tamil கொம்மட்டிக்காய் (kommaṭṭikkāy), related to கொம்மட்டி (kommaṭṭi).

bor

கொம்மட்டிக்காய்

Tamil கொம்மட்டிக்காய் (kommaṭṭikkāy)


gaung

ms-noun

gaung (Jawi spelling ݢاءوڠ, plural gaung-gaung)

> Indonesian: gaung (inherited)


lintas

lintas (Jawi spelling لينتس, plural lintas-lintas)


dsb.

Abbreviation of dan sebagainya: etc., and so on, and so forth


nasib

nasib (Jawi spelling نصيب, plural nasib-nasib)


pakai

Kau nanti nak pakai baju apa untuk Raya?

What clothes are you gonna wear for Hari Raya?

Daniel tulis khat pakai pen biasa je eh tadi?

Did Daniel write in khat using only a normal pen?


kematian

kematian (Jawi spelling کماتين, plural kematian-kematian)

کماتين (Jawi)
kematian-kematian (plural)


tumpah

Ultimately from Western Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tumpaq.


berdiri

to stand (to support oneself on the feet in an erect position)


semuanya

3rd person singular possessive form of sakit.


terbaik

ترباءيق (Jawi)

Indonesian: terbaik


puting

puting (Jawi spelling ڤوتيڠ, plural puting-puting)


bidak

bidak (Jawi spelling بيدق, plural bidak-bidak)

From Arabic بَيْدَق (baydaq, “pawn in chess”).


jerami

ms-noun

jerami (Jawi spelling جرامي, plural jerami-jerami)

Indonesian: jêrami

From Proto-Malayic *jaramiʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaʀami, from Proto-Austronesian *zaʀami (“rice straw”).


berhenti

desctree

North Moluccan Malay: barenti, berenti, brenti
→ West Makian: barenti


berubah

> Indonesian: berubah (inherited)

desc

→ Tausug: baluba (“to fade; to be broken especially in agreement or promise”)


berharap

برهارڤ (Jawi)


bermain

Indonesian: bermain

⇒ North Moluccan Malay: barmaeng

Apakah kau bermain bola keranjang?


rahmat

ms-noun

rahmat (Jawi spelling رحمة or رهمة, plural rahmat-rahmat)

رحمة (Jawi)
رهمة (Jawi)
rahmat-rahmat (plural)


usia

usia (Jawi spelling اوسيا, plural usia-usia)

From Sanskrit आयुष्य (āyuṣya, “life, lifespan”).


kekal

> Indonesian: kekal (inherited)


memimpin

to lead, to conduct, to head, to guide, to direct


selamatkan

to help someone survive, or rescue someone

(theology) to redeem or protect someone from eternal damnation


liku

ms-noun

liku (Jawi spelling ليکو, plural liku-liku)


menjual

Indonesian: menjual

(transitive, inanimate) to sell, to market


tanah air

tanah air (Jawi spelling تانه اءير, plural tanah-tanah air)

تانه اءير (Jawi)
tanah-tanah air (plural)

Indonesian: tanah air

From tanah (“land”) + air (“water”), literally “land (and) water”.


parlimen

ms-noun

parlimén (Jawi spelling ڤرليمن, plural parlimen-parlimen)

parlimén (canonical)
ڤرليمن (Jawi)
parlimen-parlimen (plural)
parlemen (alternative)


parlimen

parlimén (canonical)
ڤرليمن (Jawi)
parlementer (alternative)


penjodoh bilangan

penjodoh bilangan (plural penjodoh-penjodoh bilangan)

Compound of penjodoh (“one that matches”) + bilangan (“number”).


filsafat

(Indonesia) philosophy (academic discipline)


penjual

ms-noun

penjual (Jawi spelling ڤنجوال, plural penjual-penjual)


ilmuwan

ilmuwan (Jawi spelling علمون, plural ilmuwan-ilmuwan)


pemberontakan

Indonesian: pemberontakan

From berontak (“to struggle, to revolt”) + pem- -an.


perakuan

ms-noun

perakuan (Jawi spelling ڤراکوان, plural perakuan-perakuan)

ڤراکوان (Jawi)
perakuan-perakuan (plural)


gelombang mikro

gelombang mikro (plural gelombang-gelombang mikro)

From gelombang (“wave”) + mikro (“micro-”), calque of English microwave.


pemproses mikro

pemproses mikro (plural pemproses-pemproses mikro)


strawberi

Bermula sekadar menanam tujuh pokok strawberi, seorang usahawan pemasaran digital kini menjadikan jualan anak pokok buah berkenaan sebagai pendapatan sampingannya.

2021 February 9, Zakkina Wati Ahmad Tarmizi, “Strawberi tanah rendah jadi pilihan”, in Utusan Malaysia:

Starting by just planting seven strawberry trees, a digital marketing entrepreneur is now making the sale of the fruit seedlings as her side income.


lampiran

lampiran (Jawi spelling لمڤيرن, plural lampiran-lampiran)

لمڤيرن (Jawi)
lampiran-lampiran (plural)

Indonesian: lampiran

(literature) appendix (text added to the end of a book)


pundi hempedu

pundi hempedu (plural pundi-pundi hempedu)


pundi kencing

pundi kencing (Jawi spelling ڤوندي کنچيڠ, plural pundi-pundi kencing)

ڤوندي کنچيڠ (Jawi)
pundi-pundi kencing (plural)

From pundi (pouch) + kencing (to urinate).


kulup

kulup (Jawi spelling کولوڤ, plural kulup-kulup)

Borrowed from Arabic قُلْفَة (qulfa, “foreskin”).


perentak jantung

ms-noun

perentak jantung (plural perentak-perentak jantung)


pengalaman

pengalaman (Jawi spelling ڤڠالمن, plural pengalaman-pengalaman)

ڤڠالمن (Jawi)
pengalaman-pengalaman (plural)


mesin kira

mésin kira (Jawi spelling ميسيين کيرا, plural mesin-mesin kira)

mésin kira (canonical)
ميسيين کيرا (Jawi)
mesin-mesin kira (plural)


perlembagaan

perlembagaan (Jawi spelling ڤرلمباݢاءن, plural perlembagaan-perlembagaan)

ڤرلمباݢاءن (Jawi)
perlembagaan-perlembagaan (plural)


kejuruteraan

kejuruteraan (Jawi spelling کجوروترأن, plural kejuruteraan-kejuruteraan)

کجوروترأن (Jawi)
kejuruteraan-kejuruteraan (plural)


ujian

ujian (Jawi spelling اوجين, plural ujian-ujian)

Ujian akhir tahun


gejala

gejala (Jawi spelling ݢجالا, plural gejala-gejala)

Indonesian: gejala


pustakawan

pustakawan (Jawi spelling ڤوستاکاون, plural pustakawan-pustakawan)

ڤوستاکاون (Jawi)
pustakawan-pustakawan (plural)


emban

emban (Jawi spelling امبن, plural emban-emban)

Indonesian: emban

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *həban, from Proto-Austronesian *SəbaN (“carry a child with a carrying cloth”). Doublet of kemban.


jelata

* From Sanskrit जनता (janatā, “people, folk, generation”).
* After being infixed by *jata + -el-, from Sanskrit जात (jāta, “birth, origin, race”). Doublet of jadi, jata, and jati.


jentera

ms-noun

jentera (Jawi spelling جنترا, plural jentera-jentera)

/ˈd͡ʒəntərə/

[ˈd͡ʒən̪.t̪ə.rə]


nestapa

nestapa (Jawi spelling نستاڤ, plural nestapa-nestapa)

From Old Javanese nastapa, manastāpa (Javanese ꦤꦱ꧀ꦠꦥ (nastapa)), from Sanskrit मनस्ताप (manastāpa, “anguish, repentance”).


laksmi

Laksmi, the Hindu goddess of wealth, the consort of Vishnu and married to Rama (in her incarnation as Sita) and Krishna (as Radha and Rukmini).


kemahiran hidup

ms-noun

کماهيرن هيدوڤ

kemahiran hidup (Jawi spelling کماهيرن هيدوڤ, plural kemahiran-kemahiran hidup)

کماهيرن هيدوڤ (Jawi)
kemahiran-kemahiran hidup (plural)


takah

Latin: tacca

Translingual: Tacca

Synonym of takok: notch, especially for climbing trees.


شهوة

شهوة (plural شهوة-شهوة or شهوة٢)


gerakan

gerakan (Jawi spelling ݢرقن, plural gerakan-gerakan)

Indonesian: gerakan


واير

واير (plural واير-واير or واير٢)


ukur baju di badan sendiri

ms-verb

اوكور باجو د بادن سنديري

cut one's coat according to one's cloth
cut one's coat according to one's cloth

(idiomatic) to cut one's coat according to one's cloth


kayu api

Indonesian: kayu api

Compound of kayu (“wood”) + api (“fire”).


kuasa

ms-noun

kuasa (Jawi spelling کواس, plural kuasa-kuasa)

Indonesian: kuasa

→ Min Nan: 掛卅／挂卅 (kòa-sa̍p), 掛些／挂些 (kòa-se), 掛沙／挂沙 (kòa-sa)

→ Tagalog: kawasa

→ Tausug: kawasa

From Javanese ꦏꦸꦮꦱ (kuwasa), ꦏꦮꦱ (kawasa), from Sanskrit वश (vaśa, “authority, power, control, dominion”). Reconstructed as ke- + *wasa.

der

menguasai [agent focus + causative benefactive]

menguasakan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

(Indonesia)

power
(mathematics) product of equal factors.

(Indonesia)

(physics) rate of doing work or transferring energy.


bayangkan

head

bayangkan (Jawi spelling بايڠکن, active membayangkan, 3rd person passive dibayangkan)

بايڠکن (Jawi)
membayangkan (active)
dibayangkan (passive third-person)
bayang-bayangkan (alternative)

to imagine (form a mental image of something)


berkenan

Indonesian: berkenan

Sultan Muhammad V berkenan menandatangani buku tetamu.

2019, Akmaliah Razak, “Sultan Kelantan rasmi Hospital Sultan Ismail Petra Kuala Krai”, in Sinar Harian:

Sultan Muhammad V consented to sign the guest book.


air dicincang tidak akan putus

air dicincang tak akan putus (alternative)

blood is thicker than water
blood is thicker than water

(idiomatic) the conflict between family members doesn't last long; blood is thicker than water


dakwa

ms-noun

dakwa (Jawi spelling دعوا, plural dakwa-dakwa)

Indonesian: dakwa


head

hendak seribu daya, tak hendak seribu dalih

Literally, 'If you want, you have the strength of a thousand; If you don't want, you have a thousand excuses'.

If someone wants to do something, that individual will try to do it; if someone doesn't want to do something, they will give excuses.


dalih

ms-noun

dalih (Jawi spelling داليه, plural dalih-dalih)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dalih (“be the reason for an action”). See also Tagalog dahil (“because; reason”).

inh

mendalihkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]


konco

konco-konco (plural)
kanca (alternative)

From Javanese ꦏꦚ꧀ꦕ (kanca, “friend”), from Old Javanese kañca (“friend”).


tebing

ms-noun

tebing (Jawi spelling تبيڠ, plural tebing-tebing)

edge; bank (of a river, canal, or beach).


uskup agung

uskup agung (Jawi spelling اوسکوﭪ اݢوڠ, plural uskup-uskup agung)

اوسکوﭪ اݢوڠ (Jawi)
uskup-uskup agung (plural)


dubuk

dubuk (Jawi spelling دوبوق, plural dubuk-dubuk)


kata hubung

Indonesian: kata hubung


kata nama khas

kata nama khas (plural kata-kata nama khas)


tambak

tambak (Jawi spelling تمبق, plural tambak-tambak)

Indonesian: tambak

banking, filling, levelling up, reclamation (of low-tying land)

Tambak Johor-Singapura


tambak

Indonesian: tambak


montel

مونتيل (Jawi)


bogam

bogam (Jawi spelling بوݢم, plural bogam-bogam)

BOGAM: Keping logam kechil perhiasan pada punchak tajok.

1959, “Bacha-lah petunjok2 dengan teliti”, in Berita Harian, page 7:

BOGAM: Small metal piece accessories on top of diadem.

gold pieces and other small pieces for diadem (head accessories).


kenan

mengenani [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dikenani [patient focus + causative benefactive]


kenan

kenan (Jawi spelling کنن, plural kenan-kenan)


loji

loji (Jawi spelling لوجي, plural loji-loji)

Indonesian: loji


kepulauan

kepulauan (Jawi spelling کڤولاوان, plural kepulauan-kepulauan)

کڤولاوان (Jawi)
kepulauan-kepulauan (plural)

Kepulauan Melayu


zakar

zakar (Jawi spelling ذکر, plural zakar-zakar)

Indonesian: zakar


menurunkan

menurunkan pangkat

(transitive) to make something go down, to lower

Mungkinkah bakatnya diturunkan daripada ayahnya?

Could it be that he inherited his talent from his father?

(transitive) to pass down, to make someone inherit (a trait etc.)


kurung

kurung (Jawi spelling کوروڠ, plural kurung-kurung)

> Indonesian: kurung (inherited)

→ Macanese: curum

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kuruŋ. Compare Acehnese kurông and Tagalog kulong, Ilocano kurong.


rimba

rimba (Jawi spelling ريمبا, plural rimba-rimba)

> Indonesian: rimba (inherited)

From Proto-Malayic *rimba, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀimba. Compare Minangkabau rimbo and Ngaju himba.


keladi

keladi (Jawi spelling کلادي, plural keladi-keladi)

A root vegetable of the Colocasia genus, including the yam, taro etc.

Some kind of plant in the Arum family, of the genus Alocasia, Caladium, Colocasia etc.


hadang

hadang (Jawi spelling هادڠ, plural hadang-hadang)

From (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qadaŋ.


selak

Variant of silak from Sanskrit शील (śīla, “conduct, beauty, form, virtue”). Doublet of sila.

der

to open, to uncover, to pull up (of fabric, curtains)

to flick the pages of a book, to scroll or swipe on a phone's touchscreen


selak

ms-noun

selak (Jawi spelling سلق, plural selak-selak)

Borrowed from Hindi सलाख (salākh, “iron bar; rod”), from Sanskrit शलाका (śalākā).

bor+

selak pintu: crossbar of a door

selak kunci: latch


selak

From Javanese ꦱꦼꦭꦏ꧀, ꦱꦼꦊꦏ꧀ (selak, selek, “on the verge of, about to”, literally “to be choking”), from Old Javanese sĕlĕk, slĕk (literally “choke”), probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *cʔə(ə)ʔ ~ *cʔə(ə)k ~ *cʔak (“to hiccough, belch”) (compare to Khmer ត្អើក (tʼaək, “hiccup”), Vietnamese nấc (“to hiccup”). Doublet of sedak and sedu.

der

ꦱꦼꦭꦏ꧀, ꦱꦼꦊꦏ꧀


kayu sugi

ms-noun

kayu sugi (Jawi spelling کايو سوݢي, plural kayu-kayu sugi)

کايو سوݢي (Jawi)
kayu-kayu sugi (plural)


کايو سوݢي

کايو سوݢي (Jawi spelling کايو سوݢي, plural کايو-کايو سوݢي or کايو٢ سوݢي)

کايو سوݢي (Jawi)
کايو-کايو سوݢي (plural)
کايو٢ سوݢي (plural)


layang

Indonesian: layang

→ Madurese: lajâng


jembalang

jembalang (Jawi spelling جمبالڠ, plural jembalang-jembalang)

جمبالڠ (Jawi)
jembalang-jembalang (plural)

(mythology, folklore) an earth-bound monster said to inhabit the forests


absolusi

ابسولوسي (Jawi)

Borrowed from Indonesian absolusi, from Dutch absolutie (“absolution”), from Middle Dutch absolucie, from Latin absolūtiō.

(Catholicism) absolution, absolving or setting free from guilt, sin or penalty; forgiveness of an offense.


jahit

Indonesian: jahit

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *jahit, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaqit.

menjahit-jahit [reduplication + agent focus]

menjahitkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dijahit-jahit [reduplication + patient focus]

dijahitkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


mendung

mendung (Jawi spelling مندوڠ, plural mendung-mendung)


mendung

Indonesian: mendung


gadung

gadung (Jawi spelling ݢادوڠ, plural gadung-gadung)

From Proto-Malayic *gaduŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gaduŋ (compare with Old Javanese gaḍuṅ).


pulasan

pulasan (Jawi spelling ڤولاسن, plural pulasan-pulasan)

fruit of the tropical tree Nephelium ramboutan-ake (syn. N. mutabile)


ikhlas

> Indonesian: ikhlas (inherited)

→ Tausug: ihilas

bor

Arabic إِخْلَاص (ʔiḵlāṣ)


luncur

لونچور (Jawi)

Indonesian: luncur

Probably from Portuguese lançar. Doublet of lancar.

meluncurkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

meluncuri [agent focus + causative benefactive]

diluncurkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

diluncuri [patient focus + causative benefactive]


mengorat

mengorat awek

cara mengorat wanita

to hit on (to approach and speak to someone, seeking romance, love, sex, etc.)


seluar

ms-noun

seluar (Jawi spelling سلوار, plural seluar-seluar)

→ Tagalog: salawal

From Classical Malay سلور (seluar), ultimately from Persian شلوار (šalvâr), from Middle Persian šlwʾl (šalwār)


faraj

faraj (Jawi spelling فرج, plural faraj-faraj)


acang

acang (Jawi spelling اچڠ, plural acang-acang)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *acaŋ (“dove, pigeon”).
The sense of "messenger" is probably from the use of domestic pigeons to send messages.

inh+

(Brunei) A pigeon (bird of the pigeon and dove family Columbidae).

A messenger, errand-boy. See acang-acang.


semadi

Indonesian: semadi

From Sanskrit समाधि (samādhi, “concentration, tomb”).


tali pinggang

From tali (“rope”) + pinggang (“waist”).


benteng

ms-noun

bénténg (Jawi spelling بينتيڠ, plural benteng-benteng)

bénténg (canonical)
بينتيڠ (Jawi)
benteng-benteng (plural)

Indonesian: benteng

→ Javanese: bèntèng, bètèng

→ Toba Batak: besteng

A bulwark, fortification or rampart; a defensive wall for defending a town and others from enemy attacks.

(sports) The rook or castle piece in chess.


air terjun

air terjun (Jawi spelling اءير ترجون, plural air-air terjun)

اءير ترجون (Jawi)
air-air terjun (plural)

Indonesian: air terjun

Compound of air (“water”) + terjun (“to dive, to jump from a high place”). Cognate to Brunei Malay aing terajun.

compound

waterfall (flow of water over the edge of a cliff)


ketumbar

ms-noun

ketumbar (Jawi spelling کتومبر, plural ketumbar-ketumbar)

کتومبر (Jawi)
ketumbar-ketumbar (plural)

→ Dutch: ketoembar

Compare Sanskrit कुस्तुम्बरी (kustumbarī).

Coriandrum sativum
Coriandrum sativum#Translingual

coriander (dried seeds of Coriandrum sativum plant)


daun ketumbar

From daun (“leaf”) + ketumbar (“coriander”).

cilantro (leaves of the coriander plant)


gulai

gulai (Jawi spelling ݢولاي, plural gulai-gulai)

Indonesian: gulai

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gulay (“vegetable”); reconstructed by Robert Blust (compare Tagalog gúlay (“vegetable”), Lampung Api gulay (“to make soup”)).

menggulai-gulai [reduplication + agent focus]

menggulaikan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

digulaikan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

mempergulaikan [causative agent focus + causative benefactive]

dipergulaikan [causative passive focus + causative benefactive]

(cooking) gulai: a type of food containing spicy and succulent curry-like sauce.


selipar

selipar (Jawi spelling سليڤر, plural selipar-selipar)

slipper (low shoe slipped on and off easily)


tabir

tabir (Jawi spelling تابير, plural tabir-tabir)

Indonesian: tabir

From Arabic تَعْبِير (taʕbīr, “to get across”).


limau bali

From limau (“citrus fruit”) + Bali (“Bali island”).

compound

Citrus maxima
Citrus maxima#Translingual

pomelo (fruit of the species Citrus maxima)


limau nipis

From limau (“citrus fruit”) + nipis (“thin”).


جالا

ms-noun

جالا (plural جالا-جالا or جالا٢)


ibu kota

ibu kota (Jawi spelling ايبو کوتا, plural ibu-ibu kota)


kacang panjang

Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis#Translingual

yardlong bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis)


مڠݢيس

مڠݢيس (plural مڠݢيس-مڠݢيس or مڠݢيس٢)


autokrasi

autokrasi (Jawi spelling اءوتوکراسي, plural autokrasi-autokrasi)

اءوتوکراسي (Jawi)
autokrasi-autokrasi (plural)

Borrowed from English autocracy, from Byzantine Greek αὐτοκρατία (autokratía, “A system of government by one person with absolute power”).

der

A system of government where one individual has absolute power.

A country that is ruled under an autocracy.


cenuram

ms-noun

cenuram (Jawi spelling چنورم, plural cenuram-cenuram)


muara

Indonesian: muara

mouth (the end of a river out of which water flows)


sarjana

sarjana (Jawi spelling سرجان, plural sarjana-sarjana)

From Sanskrit सज्जन (sajjana, “gentleman, virtuous man”).


sarjana muda

ms-noun

sarjana muda (plural sarjana-sarjana muda)

From sarjana (“bachelor”) + muda (“young, junior”).


langsir

ms-noun

langsir (Jawi spelling لڠسير, plural langsir-langsir)

A curtain (piece of cloth covering a window).


روسا

روسا (plural روسا-روسا or روسا٢)


gabenor

gabenor-gabenor (plural)
gubernur (alternative)

→ Min Nan: 鵝蠻律 /鹅蛮律 (gô-bân-lu̍t)


swasta

سواستا (Jawi)

Indonesian: swasta

From Sanskrit स्वस्थ (svastha, “independent”).

der

private, not in governmental office or employment.


sekolah rendah

ms-noun

sekolah rendah (plural sekolah-sekolah rendah)

Indonesian: sekolah rendah

Calque of Dutch lagere school with sekolah + rendah.

(Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore) primary school.


globalisasi

ݢلوباليساسي (Jawi)

Affixed global + -isasi, from English globalisation.


botani

botani (Jawi spelling بوتاني, plural botani-botani)


mati pucuk

ماتي ڤوچوق (Jawi)

erectile dysfunction
erectile dysfunction


potlot

potlot (Jawi spelling ڤوتلوت, plural potlot-potlot)


ejen

éjén (Jawi spelling ايجين, plural ejen-ejen)

éjén (canonical)
ايجين (Jawi)
ejen-ejen (plural)
agen (alternative)
ejan (alternative)


agresif

اݢريسيف (Jawi)


agensi

agénsi (Jawi spelling اݢينسي, plural agensi-agensi)

agénsi (canonical)
اݢينسي (Jawi)
agensi-agensi (plural)

From English agency, from Medieval Latin agentia, from Latin agēns (present participle of agere (“to act”)), agentis.


kasmaran

کسمارن (Jawi)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦱ꧀ꦩꦫꦤ꧀ (kasmaran). Doublet of کسمارن (kesmaran). Equivalent to asmara + ke- -an.

doublet

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">kesmaran</i>


drebar

ms-noun

drébar (Jawi spelling دريبر, plural drebar-drebar)

drébar (canonical)
دريبر (Jawi)
drebar-drebar (plural)

1986 May 10, “Dua beradik bersalah cederakan drebar teksi”, in Berita Harian, Singapore: Singapore Press Holdings, →OCLC, page 12:

Two siblings guilty of injuring taxi driver


fulus

From Arabic فُلُوس (fulūs, “money, penny”).


cincau

cincau (Jawi spelling چينچاو, plural cincau-cincau)


nir-

Initially borrowed from Sanskrit निर् (nir) alternative form of निस् (nis, “out, forth, away”, adverb) in loanwords such as nirmala and nirwana but ceased to be productive at an unknown period (whether after advent of Islam since the 16th century or divergence after colonial partition of Malayophone areas in 1824). Revived in the Malaysian variety by reanalysis of said existing Sanskrit loans as well as influence of Indonesian nir- above; popularized by Malaysian technology website Amanz since the late 2010s.

nirwayar

nirmala

nirwana

Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824
Islam in Southeast Asia
Malaysian Malay


nakhoda

nakhoda (Jawi spelling نخودا, plural nakhoda-nakhoda)

Indonesian: nakhoda


maklumat

maklumat (Jawi spelling معلومات, plural maklumat-maklumat)

معلومات (Jawi)
maklumat-maklumat (plural)

Indonesian: maklumat

Borrowed from Arabic مَعْلُومَات (maʕlūmāt), plural of مَعْلُوم (maʕlūm, “known”), passive participle of عَلِمَ (ʕalima, “to know”).

bor+

memaklumatkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]


informasi

اينفورماسي (Jawi)

From Indonesian informasi, from Dutch informatie, from Middle French informacion, enformacion (Modern French information), and their source, Latin īnfōrmātiō (“formation, conception; education”), from the participle stem of īnfōrmō (“to inform”).


komunikasi

کومونيکاسي (Jawi)

Borrowed from Indonesian komunikasi following the transnational spelling reform of 1972.


ahli

From Arabic عَقْلِي (ʕaqlī, “intellectual”).


ahli

ms-noun

ahli (Jawi spelling اهلي, plural ahli-ahli)

Indonesian: ahli

From Arabic أَهْلِ (ʔahli, “family, membership”).

der

ahli parlimen


kereta angin

ms-noun

kereta angin (Jawi spelling کريتا اڠين, plural kereta-kereta angin)

کريتا اڠين (Jawi)
kereta-kereta angin (plural)


serdadu

serdadu (Jawi spelling سردادو, plural serdadu-serdadu)

> Indonesian: serdadu (inherited)

→ Javanese: ꦱꦫꦝꦝꦸ (saradhadhu)

→ Petjo: serdadoe, soldadoe


bintang berekor

bintang berekor (plural bintang-bintang berekor)

Compound of bintang (“star”) + berekor (“tailed”). Compare with Tamil வால்வெள்ளி (vālveḷḷi), Arabic مُذَنَّب (muḏannab) and Thai ดาวหาง (daao-hǎang).

cog

Tamil வால்வெள்ளி (vālveḷḷi)


takraw

Indonesian: takraw

From Thai ตะกร้อ (dtà-grɔ̂ɔ).
Attested before 1951.

(sports) a rattan ball used in the game sepak takraw


jeda

Indonesian: jeda

Bolehkah saya berjeda seketika?

Minta jedakan video tu sekejap.


koroner

From English coroner, from Middle English coroner, from Old French curuner, from Medieval Latin custos placitorum coronae (“guardian of the crown's pleas”). The function was originally to protect royal properties.


cincai

(colloquial) sloppy, slipshod (of one's work)


komisi

ms-noun

komisi (Jawi spelling کوميسي, plural komisi-komisi)

the thing to be done as agent for another.

commission:
(Indonesia) synonym of suruhanjaya

commission:
(Indonesia) synonym of komisen


parau

Indonesian: parau

From Proto-Austronesian *paʀaw (“hoarse”).

Suara parau


lelong

lelong (Jawi spelling ليلوڠ, plural lelong-lelong)

Indonesian: lelang

→ Min Nan: 黎壟 /黎垄 (lê-lóng)

Etymology tree
Arabic أَعْلَمَ (ʔaʕlama)
Arabic إِعْلَام (ʔiʕlām)bor.
Portuguese leilãobor.
Malay lelong
Borrowed from Portuguese leilão, borrowed from Arabic إِعْلَام (ʔiʕlām), from أَعْلَمَ (ʔaʕlama).


kunca

(units of measure) A traditional Malay unit of volume, equivalent to a hundred and sixteen imperial gallons.


seksyen

ms-noun

seksyen (Jawi spelling سيکشن, plural seksyen-seksyen)

سيکشن (Jawi)
seksyen-seksyen (plural)
seksĕn (alternative)
sekshĕn (alternative)
seksi (alternative Indonesia)

From English section, from Old French section, from Latin sectio (“cutting, cutting off, excision, amputation of diseased parts of the body, etc.”), from sectus, past participle of secare (“to cut”). Cognate to Tok Pisin seksen and Tagalog seksyon.

der

(Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore) section:
A part, piece, subdivision of anything.

(Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore) section:
A part of a document.

(military) A group of 10-15 soldiers led by a non-commissioned officer and forming part of a platoon.


walao

From Hokkien 我老的 (góa lāu--ê, literally “my elderly”). Compare Mandarin 哇老誒 /哇老诶 (wà láo ei).

(Singapore, Malaysia, slang) wow; dear me; good heavens; OMG


analisis

head

analisis (Jawi spelling اناليسيس, active menganalisis, 3rd person passive dianalisis)

اناليسيس (Jawi)
menganalisis (active)
dianalisis (passive third-person)
analisa (alternative)


animasi

ms-noun

animasi (Jawi spelling انيماسي, plural animasi-animasi)

From Indonesian animasi, from Dutch animatie (“animation”), from Latin animatio. Doublet of anime.

Bagaimanakah saya boleh mula mempelajari seni animasi?

How can I start learning the art of animation?

Animation:
The technique or art of animating.

Animasi ini telah dibuat dalam tempoh masa dua bulan.

This animation was made in the time span of two months.

Anything that is the result of animating such as a cartoon or an animated video.

Untuk projek ini, bahagian yang paling memakan masa sudah tentulah animasinya.

For this project, the most time-consuming part of it is of course its animation.

Animation:
The process or act of animating.


ugama

(Brunei, Singapore) Alternative spelling of agama


الكتاب

الكتاب (plural الكتاب-الكتاب or الكتاب٢)

الكتاب-الكتاب (plural)
الكتاب٢ (plural)

(Christianity) Jawi spelling of Alkitab.


porselin

porselin-porselin (plural)
porselen (alternative)


Naufal

نوفل (Jawi)
Nawfal (alternative)
Nofal (alternative)
Nopal (alternative)

From Arabic نَوْفَل (nawfal), meaning "extremely generous". It can also mean "handsome young man" or "sea" or "ocean".


parkir

parkir (Jawi spelling ڤرکير, plural parkir-parkir)

Borrowed from Indonesian parkir, from Dutch parkeer, parkeren.

parking space, parking spot, parking place


parkir

head

parkir (Jawi spelling ڤرکير, active memarkir, 3rd person passive diparkir)

ڤرکير (Jawi)
memarkir (active)
diparkir (passive third-person)

Si bangang itu memarkir motosikalnya di laluan pejalan kaki.

That idiot parked his motorcycle on the footpath.

(ambitransitive) to park, halt and leave a vehicle in a spot.


kawal

ms-noun

kawal (Jawi spelling کاول, plural kawal-kawal)

Indonesian: kawal

→ Tagalog: kawal (“soldier”)

mengawali [agent focus + causative benefactive]


کاول

کاول (plural کاول-کاول or کاول٢)


gegap gempita

Indonesian: gegap gempita


adiwira

adiwira (Jawi spelling اديويرا, plural adiwira-adiwira)

Affixed adi- + wira, from Sanskrit अधि-वीर (adhivīra, “superhero”), calque of English superhero.

der

Tanya sahaja pada kanak-kanak, siapakah adiwira atau superhero pujaan mereka, pasti ada yang menjawab Ben 10, Shinichi Kudo dalam siri Detective Conan, Ultraman dan sebagainya.

2011 March 15, Khadijah Ibrahim, “Boboi Boy adiwira hebat”, in Utusan Malaysia:

Ask kids who is their favourite superhero, and some will confidently answer either Ben 10, Shinichi Kudo from the Detective Conan series, Ultraman or so their like.


inisiatif

ms-noun

inisiatif (Jawi spelling اينيسياتيف, plural inisiatif-inisiatif)

اينيسياتيف (Jawi)
inisiatif-inisiatif (plural)

From English initiative (“initiative”), from French initiative, from Medieval Latin *initiativus (“serving to initiate”), Late Latin initiare (“to begin”), Latin initiare (“initiate”), from Latin initium (“beginning”), from ineo (“enter, begin”).


ikhtiar

ms-noun

ikhtiar (Jawi spelling اختيار, plural ikhtiar-ikhtiar)


zon waktu

zon-zon waktu (plural)
zona waktu (alternative)


gajus

gajus (Jawi spelling ݢاجوس, plural gajus-gajus)

From Portuguese caju or acaju. Doublet of kanjus.


janggus

janggus (Jawi spelling جڠݢوس, plural janggus-janggus)


jambu golok

jambu golok (Jawi spelling جمبو ݢولوق, plural jambu-jambu golok)

جمبو ݢولوق (Jawi)
jambu-jambu golok (plural)

jambu (“rose apple”) + golok (“curved-out machete”), resembling its fruit and seed shape.


khalwat

(law, Islam) the offence of an unmarried couple being alone together in a hidden and obscured place


چمچا

ms-noun

چمچا (plural چمچا-چمچا or چمچا٢)


aksesori

aksesori (Jawi spelling اکسيسوري, plural aksesori-aksesori)

اکسيسوري (Jawi)
aksesori-aksesori (plural)

From English accessory or Dutch accessoire.


berswafoto

From ber- + swafoto, borrowed from Indonesian berswafoto.

Biarpun tidaklah berswafoto menggunakan kamera, tetapi mereka tetap memberikan senyuman paling manis agar dapat dirakamkan.

2019, Hilal Azmi, “Swafoto yang telah mencairkan seluruh dunia”, in Astro Awani:

Even without a camera, they still give the sweetest smile for their selfie.


nombor perdana

nombor perdana (plural nombor-nombor perdana)


beriani

beriani (Jawi spelling برياني, plural beriani-beriani)

برياني (Jawi)
beriani-beriani (plural)
briyani (alternative)

Borrowed from Persian بریانی (beryâni, “roasted”).

bor+

Biryani, a spiced dish of rice, blended with meat and/or vegetables.


kecemasan

ms-noun

kecemasan (Jawi spelling کچمسن, plural kecemasan-kecemasan)

کچمسن (Jawi)
kecemasan-kecemasan (plural)


darurat

bor

Arabic ضَرُورَات (ḍarūrāt)


kelasi

ms-noun

kelasi (Jawi spelling کلاسي, plural kelasi-kelasi)

> Indonesian: kelasi (inherited)

Borrowed from Classical Persian خلاصی (xalāsī, “sailor”). Cognate to English khalasi.


kelasi

Borrowed from Indonesian kelasi, from Dutch chelatie (“chelation”).

(chemistry) The formation of a polydentate chelate compound from a metal salt.

(medicine) The use of this process to remove metal ions from solution, especially to counter poisoning by heavy metals.


kelasi

(zoology) A kind of gibbon (Hylobates leuciscus).


kenduri

kĕnduri (canonical)
kenduri-kenduri (plural)

From Classical Persian کندوری (kandūrī, “a feast held in honour of Fātima”).

bor

feast, a very large meal, often of a ceremonial or religious nature.


langgar

ms-noun

langgar (Jawi spelling لڠݢر, plural langgar-langgar)

From Classical Persian لنگر (langar, “the house or monastery of the Calendars or Muhammadan monks”, literally “anchor”), from Ancient Greek ἄγκῡρα (ánkūra), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enk- (“corner, hirn”).


songsang

Indonesian: sungsang


peribahasa

ms-noun

peribahasa (Jawi spelling ڤريبهاس, plural peribahasa-peribahasa)

ڤريبهاس (Jawi)
peribahasa-peribahasa (plural)


kesuma

kesuma (Jawi spelling کسوما, plural kesuma-kesuma)

Ultimately from Sanskrit कुसुम (kusuma, “flower, blossom, bud”). Cognate with Indonesian kusuma.


dubur

ms-noun

dubur (Jawi spelling دوبور, plural dubur-dubur)

Borrowed from Arabic دُبْر (dubr, “back”).


pecutan

pecutan (Jawi spelling ڤچوتن, plural pecutan-pecutan)

(Indonesian)

(physics) An act of accelerating; acceleration.


membawang

ممباوڠ (Jawi)


sendirian berhad

limited liability company
limited liability company


merinyu

merinyu (Jawi spelling مريڽو, plural merinyu-merinyu)

مريڽو (Jawi)
merinyu-merinyu (plural)
berinyu (alternative)
بريڽو (alternative)


peratusan

peratusan (Jawi spelling ڤراتوسن, plural peratusan-peratusan)

ڤراتوسن (Jawi)
peratusan-peratusan (plural)


kemalangan

kemalangan (Jawi spelling کمالڠن, plural kemalangan-kemalangan)

کمالڠن (Jawi)
kemalangan-kemalangan (plural)

Indonesian: kemalangan

(transport, vehicles) accident (unintended event that causes damage)


pecahan

pecahan (Jawi spelling ڤچهن, plural pecahan-pecahan)


jari hantu

jari hantu (Jawi spelling جاري هنتو, plural jari-jari hantu)

جاري هنتو (Jawi)
jari-jari hantu (plural)

Compound of jari (“finger”) + hantu (“ghost”).


takziah

> Indonesian: takziah (inherited)

From Arabic تَعْزِيَة (taʕziya, “consolation, mourning”).

uder

condolence ("expression of sympathy when someone has died")


mimpi ngeri

From mimpi (dream) + ngeri (scary, horrible).


keganasan

ms-noun

keganasan (Jawi spelling کݢانسن, plural keganasan-keganasan)

کݢانسن (Jawi)
keganasan-keganasan (plural)

Indonesian: keganasan


emosi

emosi (Jawi spelling ايموسي, plural emosi-emosi)

Borrowed from English emotion, from Middle French emotion (modern French émotion), from émouvoir (“excite”), based on Latin ēmōtus, past participle of ēmoveō (“to move out, move away, remove, stir up, irritate”), from ē- (“out”) (variant of ex-), and moveō (“move”).


konfeksi

* From Dutch confectie, from French confection, from Latin cōnfectiō.
* Semantic loan from English confection.

confection, a food item prepared very sweet, frequently decorated in fine detail, and often preserved with sugar, such as a candy, sweetmeat, fruit preserve, pastry, or cake.


kedelai

kedelai (Jawi spelling کدلاي, plural kedelai-kedelai)

→ Indonesian: kedelai

Borrowed from Tamil கடலை (kaṭalai, “chickpea”).


hukuman mati

ms-noun

hukuman mati (Jawi spelling حکومن ماتي, plural hukuman-hukuman mati)

حکومن ماتي (Jawi)
hukuman-hukuman mati (plural)

From hukuman (“punishment”) + mati (“die”).

capital punishment (punishment by death)


teritip

teritip (Jawi spelling تريتيڤ, plural teritip-teritip)


keadaannya

Informal 3rd person singular possessive form of keadaan.


pembiakan

pembiakan (Jawi spelling ڤمبياقن, plural pembiakan-pembiakan)

ڤمبياقن (Jawi)
pembiakan-pembiakan (plural)

reproduction (act of reproducing new individuals biologically)

propagation {the multiplication or natural increase in a population}


koronavirus

koronavirus (Jawi spelling کوروناۏيروس, plural koronavirus-koronavirus)

کوروناۏيروس (Jawi)
koronavirus-koronavirus (plural)
virus korona (alternative)


pemberat

pemberat (Jawi spelling ڤمبرت, plural pemberat-pemberat)

weight (object to make something heavier)


pelantar

pĕlantar (Jawi spelling ڤلنتر, plural pelantar-pelantar)

pĕlantar (canonical)
ڤلنتر (Jawi)
pelantar-pelantar (plural)

Indonesian: pelantar

From Proto-Malayic *pa(n)tar, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pataʀ.


rusuhan

rusuhan (Jawi spelling روسوهن, plural rusuhan-rusuhan)


minuman keras

minuman keras (Jawi spelling مينومن کرس, plural minuman-minuman keras)

مينومن کرس (Jawi)
minuman-minuman keras (plural)

Indonesian: minuman keras


arkitek

arkitek-arkitek (plural)
arsitek (alternative)

From English architect, Middle French architecte, from Ancient Greek ἀρχιτέκτων (arkhitéktōn, “master builder”), from ἀρχι- (arkhi-, “chief”) + τέκτων (téktōn, “builder”).


tahfiz

ms-noun

tahfiz (Jawi spelling تحفيظ, plural tahfiz-tahfiz)

der

Arabic تَحْفِيظ (taḥfīẓ)

(Islam) Islamic school or madrasa mainly dedicated for Qur'an memorization.


tahfiz

Arabic تَحْفِيظ (taḥfīẓ)


perkakasan

ms-noun

perkakasan (Jawi spelling ڤرکاکسن, plural perkakasan-perkakasan)

ڤرکاکسن (Jawi)
perkakasan-perkakasan (plural)

Tetikus ialah sebahagian daripada perkakasan komputer.

A mouse is part of a computer's hardware.

CERMIN mata pintar Google akan dilancarkan dalam masa terdekat dengan perkakasan akan dihasilkan pula oleh Samsung.

2025 May 21, Amanz, “Kemampuan cermin mata pintar Android XR diperlihat secara rasmi”, in Astro Awani, archived from the original on 2025-05-22:

Google's smart glasses will be launched in the near future with the hardware being manufactured by Samsung.


watak

watak (Jawi spelling واتق, plural watak-watak)

perwatakan [causative passive + resultative


sukarelawan

sukarelawan (Jawi spelling سوکاريلاون, plural sukarelawan-sukarelawan)

سوکاريلاون (Jawi)
sukarelawan-sukarelawan (plural)

From sukarela (without being forced) + -wan.


partai

partai (Jawi spelling ڤرتاي, plural partai-partai)

From Dutch partij, from Middle Dutch partie, from Old French partie, from Medieval Latin partīta (“a part, party”), from Latin partīta, feminine of partītus, past participle of partīrī (“to divide”); see part. First attested directly as partij in the Kitab Vortaro published in 1923.

der

(Indonesia) alternative form of parti (“political party”).


pantang

ms-noun

pantang (Jawi spelling ڤانتڠ, plural pantang-pantang)


terkurung

ترکوروڠ (Jawi)


nis-

From Sanskrit निष्-, निस् (niṣ-, nis, “out, forth, away”), नि (ni, “down; back; in, into”), from Proto-Indo-European *(h₁)ni (thus ultimately from *h₁én).


head

sepandai-pandai tupai melompat, akhirnya jatuh ke tanah juga

lawbreakers will always be punished, no matter how hard they try to escape


kepunyaan

کڤوڽاءن (Jawi)

tanah kepunyaan Adam


halangan

ms-noun

halangan (Jawi spelling هالڠن, plural halangan-halangan)

Indonesian: halangan


akibat

akibat (Jawi spelling عاقبة, plural akibat-akibat)

From Arabic عَاقَبَة (ʕāqaba, “consequence; obstacle”).


pertahanan

ms-noun

pertahanan (Jawi spelling ڤرتاهنن, plural pertahanan-pertahanan)

ڤرتاهنن (Jawi)
pertahanan-pertahanan (plural)


sebutan

sebutan (Jawi spelling سبوتن, plural sebutan-sebutan)

From sebut (to speak, to pronounce) + -an.


pembangunan

pembangunan (Jawi spelling ڤمباڠونن, plural pembangunan-pembangunan)

ڤمباڠونن (Jawi)
pembangunan-pembangunan (plural)

From bangun (literally “to wake up”) + pem- -an.


kaji penyakit

head

kaji penyakit (Jawi spelling کاجي ڤڽاکيت)

کاجي ڤڽاکيت (Jawi)
کاجي ڤڽاکيت (alternative)

kaji (“study of”) + penyakit (“sickness, disease”).


-lisis

analisis

dialisis

elektrolisis


papan selaju

ms-noun

papan selaju (Jawi spelling ڤاڤن سلاجو, plural papan-papan selaju)

ڤاڤن سلاجو (Jawi)
papan-papan selaju (plural)
ڤاڤن سلاجو (alternative)


jeluang

jeluang (Jawi spelling جلواڠ, plural jeluang-jeluang)

جلواڠ (Jawi)
jeluang-jeluang (plural)
deluang (alternative)
daluang (alternative)
دلواڠ (alternative)

> Indonesian: jeluang (inherited)

From Proto-Malayic *zaluang, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaluang. Compare Old Javanese daluwaŋ, Sundanese daluaŋ, Wolio dalua.

a type of native paper made from tree barks


cinta monyet

cinta monyet (Jawi spelling چينتا موڽيت)

چينتا موڽيت (Jawi)

puppy love (love during childhood or adolescence)


jawawut

jawawut (Jawi spelling جاواووت, plural jawawut-jawawut)


Lut

Borrowed from Arabic لُوط (lūṭ), ultimately from Hebrew לוֹט (lot).

(biblical) A nephew of Abraham in the Bible and Quran; Lot.


pandan wangi

pandan wangi (Jawi spelling ڤندن واڠي, plural pandan-pandan wangi)

ڤندن واڠي (Jawi)
pandan-pandan wangi (plural)

From pandan (“Pandanus”) + wangi (“fragrant”).

compound

Pandanus amaryllifolius
Pandanus amaryllifolius#Translingual

Pandanus amaryllifolius, an aromatic tropical plant


pandan laut

ms-noun

pandan laut (Jawi spelling ڤندن لاءوت, plural pandan-pandan laut)

ڤندن لاءوت (Jawi)
pandan-pandan laut (plural)

From pandan (“Pandanus”) + laut (“sea”).

Pandanus odorifer
Pandanus odorifer#Translingual

Pandanus odorifer, a species of screwpine that grows in the coastal lowlands typically near the edge of the ocean


pandan kuning

pandan kuning (Jawi spelling ڤندن کونيڠ, plural pandan-pandan kuning)

ڤندن کونيڠ (Jawi)
pandan-pandan kuning (plural)

From pandan (“Pandanus”) + kuning (“yellow”).

Pandanus sanderi, a slow-growing, suckering shrub that seldom branches and rarely flowers


pandan hutan

pandan hutan (Jawi spelling ڤندن هوتن, plural pandan-pandan hutan)

ڤندن هوتن (Jawi)
pandan-pandan hutan (plural)

From pandan (“Pandanus”) + hutan (“forest”).

Pandanus tectorius
Pandanus tectorius#Translingual


pandan duri

pandan duri (Jawi spelling ڤندن دوري, plural pandan-pandan duri)

ڤندن دوري (Jawi)
pandan-pandan duri (plural)

From pandan (“Pandanus”) + duri (“thorn”).


ڤندن

ڤندن (plural ڤندن-ڤندن or ڤندن٢)


piawai

ڤياواي (Jawi)

standard (falling within an accepted range of size, amount, power, quality, etc.)

right, true (conforming to the actual state of reality or fact; factually correct)


piawai

Indonesian: piawai

memiawaikan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dipiawaikan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


opsyen

opsyen (Jawi spelling اوڤشن, plural opsyen-opsyen)

اوڤشن (Jawi)
opsyen-opsyen (plural)
opsen (alternative)
opshen (alternative)

From English option, from French option, from Latin optiō (“choice; option; act of choosing”), from optō (“I choose, select”). Cognate to Tok Pisin opsen, Tagalog opsyon, and Indonesian opsi.


pokai

Cantonese 仆街 (puk1 gaai1, “fall onto street, drop dead, go to hell”), from 仆 (puk1, “fall”) + 街 (gaai1, “street”).


perlanggaran

ms-noun

perlanggaran (Jawi spelling ڤرلڠݢرن, plural perlanggaran-perlanggaran)

ڤرلڠݢرن (Jawi)
perlanggaran-perlanggaran (plural)

From langgar (to collide, to crash) + per- -an.


berhala

ms-noun

berhala (Jawi spelling برهالا, plural berhala-berhala)

desctree

> Indonesian: berhala (inherited)
→ Ternate: barhala

From Old Javanese bharāla, from Sanskrit भट्टार (bhaṭṭāra). Doublet of betara.

(religion) idol (representation of anything revered)


sentakan

ms-noun

sentakan (Jawi spelling سنتقن, plural sentakan-sentakan)


لاير

لاير (plural لاير-لاير or لاير٢)


ambai

ambai (Jawi spelling راما, plural ambai-ambai)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ambay (“wave back and forth”).

der

Purse-net attached in a tideway or river; stake.


fuh

Fuh, laju Aziz kayuh basikal!


بنچي

ms-noun

بنچي (plural بنچي-بنچي or بنچي٢)


ڽيور

ڽيور (plural ڽيور-ڽيور or ڽيور٢)


hadapan

هادڤن (Jawi)
depan (alternative)
هادڤن (alternative)

Indonesian: hadapan


menghadap

مڠهادڤ (Jawi)

Indonesian: menghadap

(transitive) to face (position oneself/itself towards)


angkatan

angkatan (Jawi spelling اڠکتن, plural angkatan-angkatan)

force, a group that aims to attack, control, or constrain.

generation, a single step or stage in the succession of natural descent; a rank or degree in genealogy, the members of a family from the same parents, considered as a single unit.


angkatan

Seangkatan kapal

classifier for an organised group of people or vehicles, usually political or military.


malang

malang (Jawi spelling مالڠ, plural malang-malang)

From Proto-Malayic *malaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *malaŋ.


malang

Indonesian: malang


کمالڠن

کمالڠن (plural کمالڠن-کمالڠن or کمالڠن٢)

کمالڠن-کمالڠن (plural)
کمالڠن٢ (plural)


مالڠ

مالڠ (plural مالڠ-مالڠ or مالڠ٢)


sesat

Indonesian: sesat


ليهير

ليهير (plural ليهير-ليهير or ليهير٢)


کامو

kau-

informal/towards God; friendly/older towards younger


kirim

Indonesian: kirim


federasi

federasi (Jawi spelling فيدراسي, plural federasi-federasi)

فيدراسي (Jawi)
federasi-federasi (plural)

Semi-learned borrowing from Dutch federatie via Indonesian replacing federesyen following the transnational spelling reform of 1972.

(government, politics) federation; federacy


persekutuan

pĕrsĕkutuan (Jawi spelling ڤرسکوتوان, plural persekutuan-persekutuan)

pĕrsĕkutuan (canonical)
ڤرسکوتوان (Jawi)
persekutuan-persekutuan (plural)

Persekutuan Tanah Melayu


tapak sulaiman

tapak sulaiman (plural tapak-tapak sulaiman)

tapak (“sole”) + Sulaiman (“Solomon”), referring to the Seal of Solomon.

a tropical flowering plant, Elephantopus scaber, known for its large, low-growing leaves that form a rosette-liked shape


بيچا

بيچا (plural بيچا-بيچا or بيچا٢)


لنچا

لنچا (plural لنچا-لنچا or لنچا٢)


بوتا

بوتا (plural بوتا-بوتا or بوتا٢)


هاتي

هاتي (plural هاتي-هاتي or هاتي٢)


kekayaan

kekayaan (Jawi spelling ککاياءن, plural kekayaan-kekayaan)

ککاياءن (Jawi)
kekayaan-kekayaan (plural)

> Indonesian: kekayaan (inherited)


batuk kering

batuk kering (Jawi spelling باتوق کريڠ, plural batuk-batuk kering)

باتوق کريڠ (Jawi)
batuk-batuk kering (plural)


astana

astana (Jawi spelling استان, plural astana-astana)

From Sanskrit आस्थान (āsthāna). Doublet of istana.


siram

> Indonesian: siram (inherited)

menyiramkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

menyirami [agent focus + causative benefactive]

disiramkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

disirami [patient focus + causative benefactive]


ماءين

ما^ءين (plural ماءين-ماءين or ماءين٢)

ما^ءين (canonical)
ماءين-ماءين (plural)
ماءين٢ (plural)


kasau

kasau (Jawi spelling کاساو, plural kasau-kasau)

Indonesian: kasau

From Proto-Malayic *kasaw, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kasaw.

rafter (crossbeam for supporting a roof)


کاساو

کاساو (plural کاساو-کاساو or کاساو٢)


rancak

upbeat (having a fast pace, tempo, or beat)


hikayat

hikayat (Jawi spelling حکايت, plural hikayat-hikayat)

> Indonesian: hikayat (inherited)

Borrowed from Classical Persian حکایت (hikāyat), from Arabic حِكَايَة (ḥikāya, “story”).

bor+

(mythology, fiction) saga (a long, ancient tale (or series of tales) written in prose)

(historiography) history, chronicle, biography


تونا

ms-noun

تونا (plural تونا-تونا or تونا٢)


ular tuna

ular tuna (Jawi spelling اولر تونا, plural ular-ular tuna)

اولر تونا (Jawi)
ular-ular tuna (plural)


belut tuna

belut tuna (Jawi spelling بلوت تونا, plural belut-belut tuna)

بلوت تونا (Jawi)
belut-belut tuna (plural)


ikan tuna

ikan tuna (Jawi spelling ايکن تونا, plural ikan-ikan tuna)

ايکن تونا (Jawi)
ikan-ikan tuna (plural)

tuna, any of several species of fish of the genus Thunnus in the family Scombridae.


vaksin

vaksin (Jawi spelling ۏکسين, plural vaksin-vaksin)

From English vaccine, from Latin vaccīnus.


kerak

kerak (Jawi spelling کرق, plural kerak-kerak)

Indonesian: kerak (“crust”)


temu duga

temu duga (Jawi spelling تمو دوݢ, plural temu-temu duga)


serpihan

serpihan (Jawi spelling سرڤيهن, plural serpihan-serpihan)

سرڤيهن (Jawi)
serpihan-serpihan (plural)


keupayaan

keupayaan (Jawi spelling کأوڤاياءن, plural keupayaan-keupayaan)

کأوڤاياءن (Jawi)
keupayaan-keupayaan (plural)

(Indonesian)


تيان

تيان (plural تيان-تيان or تيان٢)


kuarantin

kuarantin (Jawi spelling کوارنتين, plural kuarantin-kuarantin)

کوارنتين (Jawi)
kuarantin-kuarantin (plural)
karantina (alternative)

From English quarantine, from Italian quarantina (“forty days”), the period Venetians customarily kept ships from plague-ridden countries waiting off port, from Latin quadrāgintā (“forty”).

quarantine, a sanitary measure to prevent the spread of a contagious plague by isolating those believed or feared to be infected.


anai-anai

Indonesian: anai-anai

From Proto-Malayic *anay-anay, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *anay, from Proto-Austronesian *aNay.


اناي٢

اناي٢ (plural اناي٢-اناي٢ or اناي٢٢)


alamak

Probably contracted from Allah (“God”) + mak (“mother”), possibly under Portuguese influence (compare Kristang alamah (“Mother of God”)). Malaysian linguist Amat Juhari Moain suggested that the word is contracted from Arabic اللَّهُ مَعَكَ (al-lahu maʕaka), a traditional phrase meaning “May God be with you”.

der

اللَّهُ مَعَكَ

oh my God, (literally) Mother of God (expression of shock)


aktiviti

ms-noun

aktiviti (Jawi spelling اکتيۏيتي, plural aktiviti-aktiviti)

اکتيۏيتي (Jawi)
aktiviti-aktiviti (plural)
aktivitet (alternative)
aktivitas (alternative)

From English activity, from Latin āctīvitās.


تبيڠ

تبيڠ (plural تبيڠ-تبيڠ or تبيڠ٢)


ميڽق

ميڽق (plural ميڽق-ميڽق or ميڽق٢)


paraf

paraf (Jawi spelling ڤارف, plural paraf-paraf)


jimat

> Indonesian: jimat (inherited)

Borrowed from Arabic هِمَّة (himma, “determination”).


borjuis

ms-noun

borjuis (Jawi spelling بورجويس, plural borjuis-borjuis)

Borrowed from English bourgeois, from French bourgeois (“a class of citizens who were wealthier members of the Third Estate”), from Old French burgeis (“town dweller”), from Frankish *burg, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *burgz (“stronghold; city”)

der

(usually derogatory) A person of any class with bourgeois (i.e., overly conventional and materialistic) values and attitudes.

(Marxism) A capitalist, (usually derogatory) an exploiter of the proletariat.


potong stim

(slang) you buzzkill; you ruined the entertainment


redaksi

From Dutch redactie (“editorial staff”), from Latin redactus. First attested directly as redactie in the Kitab Vortaro published in 1923.
* Semantic loan from French rédaction via Dutch for writing style.


لادا

ms-noun

لادا (plural لادا-لادا or لادا٢)


pengajian

(Indonesian)

(education) any particular branch of learning that is studied; any object of attentive consideration.


dompet

dompet (Jawi spelling دومڤيت, plural dompet-dompet)

> Indonesian: dompet (inherited)

→ Central Dusun: dumpit

→ Tausug: dumpit

wallet; purse (small bag for carrying money)


syiling

syiling (Jawi spelling شيليڠ, plural syiling-syiling)

Borrowed from English shilling, from Middle English schilling, shilling, from Old English sċilling, from Proto-Germanic *skillingaz.

(historical) A former British coin equal to 1/20 of a pound or five pence; a shilling.


کريتا

کريتا (plural کريتا-کريتا or کريتا٢)

Jawi spelling of kereta (“car, cart, carriage”).


ايکور

ايکور (plural ايکور-ايکور or ايکور٢)


ايکور

ms-classifier

ايکور (singular سيايکور)

Jawi spelling of ekor (“a classifier for animals”).


اتس

Jawi spelling of atas (“on, upon, on top of, above (abstract)”).


بوڠا

ms-noun

بوڠا (plural بوڠا-بوڠا or بوڠا٢)


کودا

کودا (plural کودا-کودا or کودا٢)

Jawi spelling of kuda (“horse, knight (chess)”).


مانيس

Jawi spelling of manis (“sweet, attractive, lovely”).


kotak

kotak (Jawi spelling کوتق, plural kotak-kotak)

Indonesian: kotak

→ Min Nan: 戈踏 (ko-ta̍h)

Cognate of Javanese ꦏꦺꦴꦛꦏ꧀ (kothak). Doublet of botak and otak.

Kotak berat itu abang saya yang angkat.

(obsolete) living compartment or room in a domicile like a palace.


panduan

panduan (Jawi spelling ڤندوان, plural panduan-panduan)


بينتڠ

بينتڠ (plural بينتڠ-بينتڠ or بينتڠ٢)


biar

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bihaʀ. Cognate to Acehnese bieuë and Tagalog bihag.

Biar dia pergi seorang diri kalau dia berani sangat.

Let him go by himself if he's so brave to do it.


biar

Indonesian: biar

Bagi duit tu kat pengemis tu, biar dia dapat makan untuk hari ni sekurang-kurangnya.

Give that money to that beggar so that he could eat for at least today.

Biar putih tulang jangan putih mata

No matter if you die, do not let yourself be put to shame


syok

Indonesian: syok

→ English: shiok

Syok jugak cerita dia.

(informal) Very attractive or enjoyable.

Adam tak syok dengan kau lagi ah!

Sebagai seorang guru, jangan syok beri kerja sekolah saja!

As a teacher, don't just be absorbed in giving homework!

(informal) Very absorbed in something; excited or interested.


pandemik

pandemik (Jawi spelling ڤندميک, plural pandemik-pandemik)

ڤندميک (Jawi)
pandemik-pandemik (plural)


dikit

dikit (Jawi spelling ديکيت, plural dikit-dikit)

From Proto-Austronesian *dikit (“little, few, small in amount”). Cognate with Maori riki, Samoan li'i and Bikol Central dikit.

inh

dikit duit


mazbah

ms-noun

mazbah (Jawi spelling مذبح, plural mazbah-mazbah)

Indonesian: mazbah


جالن

جالن (plural جالن-جالن or جالن٢)


jumpa

Sampai jumpa nanti!


سوک

سوک (plural سوک-سوک or سوک٢)


pengembangan

pengembangan (Jawi spelling ڤڠمبڠن, plural pengembangan-pengembangan)

ڤڠمبڠن (Jawi)
pengembangan-pengembangan (plural)


bangkai

bangkai (Jawi spelling بڠکاي, plural bangkai-bangkai)

Indonesian: bangkai

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baŋkay. Cognate of Tagalog bangkay (“cadaver, corpse”).

items that are broken and cannot be fixed anymore.


jalan raya

jalan raya (Jawi spelling جالن راي, plural jalan-jalan raya)

جالن راي (Jawi)
jalan-jalan raya (plural)

Indonesian: jalan raya


ombak

ombak (Jawi spelling اومبق, plural ombak-ombak)

wave (moving ridge of water), billow, surf


nisbah

nisbah (Jawi spelling نيسبه, plural nisbah-nisbah)


julat

julat (Jawi spelling جولت, plural julat-julat)


ralat

ralat (Jawi spelling رالت, plural ralat-ralat)

Indonesian: ralat


perap

perap (Jawi spelling ڤرڤ, plural perap-perap)


lebam

lebam (Jawi spelling لبم, plural lebam-lebam)

> Indonesian: lebam (inherited)


pemalar

pemalar (Jawi spelling ڤمالر, plural pemalar-pemalar)


kegiatan

kegiatan (Jawi spelling کݢياتن, plural kegiatan-kegiatan)

کݢياتن (Jawi)
kegiatan-kegiatan (plural)


bahagian

bahagian (Jawi spelling بهاݢين, plural bahagian-bahagian)

بهاݢين (Jawi)
bahagian-bahagian (plural)

From bahagi (“to separate, divide”) + -an.

division (administrative unit in Sabah and Sarawak, Malaysia, as well as analogous divisions in other countries)


dacing

dacing (Jawi spelling داچيڠ, plural dacing-dacing)


tetap

According to Dempwolf (1938), from Proto-Austronesian *tetep (“firm, fixed”).


tetap

Indonesian: tetap


basuh

> Indonesian: basuh (inherited)

From Proto-Malayic *basuh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *basuq, from Proto-Austronesian *basuq. Cognates Minangkabau basuah and Kulon-Pazeh bazu’.

Sentiasa basuh sarung tangan dan but getah serta tangan dengan sabun dan air.

Always wash the gloves and rubber boots as well as your hands with soap and water.


bantah

> Indonesian: bantah (inherited)


kayuh

ms-noun

kayuh (Jawi spelling کايوه, plural kayuh-kayuh)

> Indonesian: kayuh (inherited)


kayuh

Indonesian: kayuh


godaan

godaan (Jawi spelling ݢوداءن, plural godaan-godaan)


pisang raja

head

pisang raja (Jawi spelling ڤيسڠ راج, plural pisang-pisang raja)

ڤيسڠ راج (Jawi)
pisang-pisang raja (plural)

Musa × paradisiaca
Musa × paradisiaca#Translingual


ڤونتي

ms-noun

ڤونتي (plural ڤونتي-ڤونتي or ڤونتي٢)


jawatankuasa

jawatankuasa (Jawi spelling جاوتنکواس, plural jawatankuasa-jawatankuasa)

جاوتنکواس (Jawi)
jawatankuasa-jawatankuasa (plural)


penganjur

penganjur (Jawi spelling ڤڠنجور, plural penganjur-penganjur)

ڤڠنجور (Jawi)
penganjur-penganjur (plural)


juruukur

juruukur (Jawi spelling جورواوکور, plural juruukur-juruukur)

جورواوکور (Jawi)
juruukur-juruukur (plural)


perintis

perintis (Jawi spelling ڤرينتيس, plural perintis-perintis)

ڤرينتيس (Jawi)
perintis-perintis (plural)


peramal

peramal (Jawi spelling ڤرامل, plural peramal-peramal)


ramalan

ramalan (Jawi spelling راملن, plural ramalan-ramalan)

Indonesian: ramalan


anjung

anjung (Jawi spelling انجوڠ, plural anjung-anjung)

> Indonesian: anjung (inherited)


panggung

panggung (Jawi spelling ڤڠݢوڠ, plural panggung-panggung)


perihal

perihal (Jawi spelling ڤريحال, plural perihal-perihal)


pusaka

pusaka (Jawi spelling ڤوساک, plural pusaka-pusaka)

ڤوساک (Jawi)
pusaka-pusaka (plural)
pesaka (alternative)

Possibly from Sanskrit पोषक (poṣaka, “supporter, keeper”).


khidmat

ms-noun

khidmat (Jawi spelling خدمت, plural khidmat-khidmat)

Borrowed from Arabic خِدْمَة (ḵidma, “service”).


teladan

teladan (Jawi spelling تلادن, plural teladan-teladan)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tulad (“to copy, imitate”) with -an suffix. Compare Tagalog tulad.


pedoman

ms-noun

pedoman (Jawi spelling ڤدومن, plural pedoman-pedoman)

Indonesian: pedoman

→ Maguindanao: paduman

→ Maranao: padoman

→ Tausug: padduman

Ultimately from a circumfixed form of Javanese dom, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaʀum, from Proto-Austronesian *zaʀum. Doublet of jarum.

compass (device to determine cardinal direction)


petua

petua (Jawi spelling ڤتوا, plural petua-petua)

> Indonesian: petuah (inherited)

From Arabic فَتْوَى (fatwā, “formal legal opinion”), the verbal noun of أَفْتَى (ʔaftā, “to deliver a formal opinion”). Doublet of fatwa.

bor

(mathematics, Malaysia) rule: a determinate method prescribed for performing any operation and producing a certain result.


beratur

براتور (Jawi)


beratur

براتور (Jawi)


conteng

ms-noun

conteng (Jawi spelling چونتيڠ, plural conteng-conteng)


petik

Indonesian: petik

From Proto-Malayic *pətik, from Proto-Austronesian *pəCik (“snap, as the fingers or a slingshot”).. Compare with Tagalog pitik.

inh

Memetik bunga hobi saya.

Petikan ini dipetik daripada buku Hikayat Hang Tuah.

This passage was taken from the book Hikayat Hang Tuah.

to take; to quote (of a passage, text etc.)


pesanan

ms-noun

pesanan (Jawi spelling ڤسنن, plural pesanan-pesanan)


pukat

pukat (Jawi spelling ڤوکت, plural pukat-pukat)

Indonesian: pukat

From Proto-Malayic *pukət, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pukət.


selera

selera (Jawi spelling سليرا, plural selera-selera)

Indonesian: selera


jamuan

jamuan (Jawi spelling جاموان, plural jamuan-jamuan)


kerah

kerah (Jawi spelling کره, plural kerah-kerah)

Indonesian: kêrah

From Arabic إِكْرَاه (ʔikrāh, “coercion, compulsion”).


kerah

to draft, to conscript: to demand military service as mandated by a government


kerah

Indonesian: kêrah

From Dutch kraag, from Middle Dutch crage.

(Indonesia) collar, fabric garment part fitting around throat.


jual

Indonesian: jual

Unclear origin. Compare Cebuano duhul (“convey something to someone by hand”), Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɟ(u)l ~ *ɟiəl (“to buy”), whence Riang jɛl².


bintangur

بينتاڠور (Jawi)

Indonesian: bintangur

From Proto-Malayic *bintaŋur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bintaŋuʀ, variant of *bitaquʀ.

hardwoood trees of genus Calophyllum, of which the timber makes good masts.