makalah

makalah (Jawi spelling مقاله, plural makalah-makalah)

Indonesian: makalah

From Arabic مَقَالَة (maqāla, “article, essay”)

der

article (story, report, or opinion piece)


rencana

ms-noun

rencana (Jawi spelling رنچان, plural rencana-rencana)


rubah

rubah (Jawi spelling روبه, plural rubah-rubah)

Indonesian: rubah

From Persian روباه (rubâh), from Middle Persian lwpʾh (rōbāh, “fox”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *laupāća, diminutive of *laupi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wl(o)p- ~ *h₂ulp- (“(red) fox”).


rubah

Rebracketing of berubah (ber- + ubah) as (be- + rubah ). Cognates with Old Javanese uwah and Javanese owah.

Buku ini telah merubah hidupku.


روبه

روبه (plural روبه-روبه or روبه٢)


موسڠ

موسڠ (plural موسڠ-موسڠ or موسڠ٢)


ديڠو

ديڠو (plural ديڠو-ديڠو or ديڠو٢)


جاکل

جاکل (plural جاکل-جاکل or جاکل٢)


سريݢالا

سريݢالا (plural سريݢالا-سريݢالا or سريݢالا٢)

سريݢالا-سريݢالا (plural)
سريݢالا٢ (plural)


rubah artik

head

rubah artik (Jawi spelling روبه ارتيک, plural rubah-rubah artik)

روبه ارتيک (Jawi)
rubah-rubah artik (plural)
روبه ارتيک (alternative)


روبه ارتيک

ms-noun

روبه ارتيک (plural روبه-روبه ارتيک or روبه٢ ارتيک)

روبه-روبه ارتيک (plural)
روبه٢ ارتيک (plural)


koyote

head

koyote (Jawi spelling کويوتي, plural koyote-koyote)

کويوتي (Jawi)
koyote-koyote (plural)
کويوتي (alternative)


کويوتي

ms-noun

کويوتي (plural کويوتي-کويوتي or کويوتي٢)

کويوتي-کويوتي (plural)
کويوتي٢ (plural)


ڤوما

ڤوما (plural ڤوما-ڤوما or ڤوما٢)


kugar

kugar (Jawi spelling کوݢر, plural kugar-kugar)

From English cougar, from French cougar, from Brazilian Portuguese suçuarana, perhaps from Tupian (suasuarana (“deerlike animal”), from suasú (“deer”); compare sɨwasuarána (“cervine”)) or perhaps from Guaraní (guaçuara).

cougar (Puma concolor); puma (mountain lion)


کوݢر

کوݢر (plural کوݢر-کوݢر or کوݢر٢)


انق انجيڠ

انق انجيڠ (plural انق-انق انجيڠ or انق٢ انجيڠ)

انق-انق انجيڠ (plural)
انق٢ انجيڠ (plural)


انق اسو

انق اسو (plural انق-انق اسو or انق٢ اسو)


کيريق

کيريق (plural کيريق-کيريق or کيريق٢)


انجيڠ بتينا

انجيڠ بتينا (plural انجيڠ-انجيڠ بتينا or انجيڠ٢ بتينا)

انجيڠ-انجيڠ بتينا (plural)
انجيڠ٢ بتينا (plural)


اسو بتينا

اسو بتينا (plural اسو-اسو بتينا or اسو٢ بتينا)

اسو-اسو بتينا (plural)
اسو٢ بتينا (plural)


داݢيڠ انجيڠ

داݢيڠ انجيڠ (plural داݢيڠ-داݢيڠ انجيڠ or داݢيڠ٢ انجيڠ)

داݢيڠ-داݢيڠ انجيڠ (plural)
داݢيڠ٢ انجيڠ (plural)


داݢيڠ اسو

داݢيڠ اسو (plural داݢيڠ-داݢيڠ اسو or داݢيڠ٢ اسو)

داݢيڠ-داݢيڠ اسو (plural)
داݢيڠ٢ اسو (plural)


انجيڠ جنتن

انجيڠ جنتن (plural انجيڠ-انجيڠ جنتن or انجيڠ٢ جنتن)

انجيڠ-انجيڠ جنتن (plural)
انجيڠ٢ جنتن (plural)


اسو جنتن

اسو جنتن (plural اسو-اسو جنتن or اسو٢ جنتن)

اسو-اسو جنتن (plural)
اسو٢ جنتن (plural)


رومه انجيڠ

رومه انجيڠ (plural رومه-رومه انجيڠ or رومه٢ انجيڠ)

رومه-رومه انجيڠ (plural)
رومه٢ انجيڠ (plural)


رومه اسو

رومه اسو (plural رومه-رومه اسو or رومه٢ اسو)

رومه-رومه اسو (plural)
رومه٢ اسو (plural)


tak pernah

تق ڤرنه (Jawi)


tidak akan

تيدق اکن (Jawi)
tak akan (alternative)
takkan (alternative)
تيدق اکن (alternative)
تق اکن (alternative)
تقکن (alternative)


tak akan

تق اکن (Jawi)
tidak akan (alternative)
takkan (alternative)
تيدق اکن (alternative)
تق اکن (alternative)
تقکن (alternative)


takkan

تقکن (Jawi)
tidak akan (alternative)
tak akan (alternative)
تيدق اکن (alternative)
تق اکن (alternative)
تقکن (alternative)


اکتا

اکتا (plural اکتا٢)

From Latin ācta, plural of āctum, from agō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-.


zib

Indonesian: zib


ذيب

ذيب (plural ذيب-ذيب or ذيب٢)


papan luncur

papan luncur (Jawi spelling ڤاڤن لونچور, plural papan-papan luncur)

ڤاڤن لونچور (Jawi)
papan-papan luncur (plural)
ڤاڤن لونچور (alternative)


papan luncur

From papan (“board”) + luncur (“glide, surf”).

compound

surfboard (plank used for surfing on waves)


ڤاڤن لونچور

ms-noun

ڤاڤن لونچور (plural ڤاڤن-ڤاڤن لونچور or ڤاڤن٢ لونچور)

ڤاڤن-ڤاڤن لونچور (plural)
ڤاڤن٢ لونچور (plural)


سيل

سيل (plural سيل-سيل or سيل٢)


anjing langsat

anjing langsat (Jawi spelling انجيڠ لڠست, plural anjing-anjing langsat)

انجيڠ لڠست (Jawi)
anjing-anjing langsat (plural)

skin yellow dog (skin-yellow-coloured dog)


انجيڠ لڠست

انجيڠ لڠست (plural انجيڠ-انجيڠ لڠست or انجيڠ٢ لڠست)

انجيڠ-انجيڠ لڠست (plural)
انجيڠ٢ لڠست (plural)


anjing nibung

anjing nibung (Jawi spelling انجيڠ نيبوڠ, plural anjing-anjing nibung)

انجيڠ نيبوڠ (Jawi)
anjing-anjing nibung (plural)


انجيڠ نيبوڠ

انجيڠ نيبوڠ (plural انجيڠ-انجيڠ نيبوڠ or انجيڠ٢ نيبوڠ)

انجيڠ-انجيڠ نيبوڠ (plural)
انجيڠ٢ نيبوڠ (plural)


anjing pandan

anjing pandan (Jawi spelling انجيڠ ڤندن, plural anjing-anjing pandan)

انجيڠ ڤندن (Jawi)
anjing-anjing pandan (plural)


انجيڠ ڤندن

انجيڠ ڤندن (plural انجيڠ-انجيڠ ڤندن or انجيڠ٢ ڤندن)

انجيڠ-انجيڠ ڤندن (plural)
انجيڠ٢ ڤندن (plural)


anjing penghidu

head

انجيڠ ڤڠهيدو

anjing penghidu (Jawi spelling انجيڠ ڤڠهيدو, plural anjing-anjing penghidu)

انجيڠ ڤڠهيدو (Jawi)
anjing-anjing penghidu (plural)
انجيڠ ڤڠهيدو (alternative)

sniffer dog (police dog trained to sniff)


انجيڠ ڤڠهيدو

ms-noun

انجيڠ ڤڠهيدو (plural انجيڠ-انجيڠ ڤڠهيدو or انجيڠ٢ ڤڠهيدو)

انجيڠ-انجيڠ ڤڠهيدو (plural)
انجيڠ٢ ڤڠهيدو (plural)


انجيڠ ڤوليس

انجيڠ ڤوليس (plural انجيڠ-انجيڠ ڤوليس or انجيڠ٢ ڤوليس)

انجيڠ-انجيڠ ڤوليس (plural)
انجيڠ٢ ڤوليس (plural)


anjing polis

head

anjing polis (Jawi spelling انجيڠ ڤوليس, plural anjing-anjing polis)

انجيڠ ڤوليس (Jawi)
anjing-anjing polis (plural)
انجيڠ ڤوليس (alternative)

police dog (trained dog for police work)


anjing sabun

anjing sabun (Jawi spelling انجيڠ سابون, plural anjing-anjing sabun)

انجيڠ سابون (Jawi)
anjing-anjing sabun (plural)
انجيڠ سابون (alternative)


انجيڠ سابون

ms-noun

انجيڠ سابون (plural انجيڠ-انجيڠ سابون or انجيڠ٢ سابون)

انجيڠ-انجيڠ سابون (plural)
انجيڠ٢ سابون (plural)


انجيڠ سوکوم

انجيڠ سوکوم (plural انجيڠ-انجيڠ سوکوم or انجيڠ٢ سوکوم)

انجيڠ-انجيڠ سوکوم (plural)
انجيڠ٢ سوکوم (plural)


anjing sokom

head

anjing sokom (Jawi spelling انجيڠ سوکوم, plural anjing-anjing sokom)

انجيڠ سوکوم (Jawi)
anjing-anjing sokom (plural)
انجيڠ سوکوم (alternative)


anjing serigala

انجيڠ سريݢالا

anjing serigala (Jawi spelling انجيڠ سريݢالا, plural anjing-anjing serigala)

انجيڠ سريݢالا (Jawi)
anjing-anjing serigala (plural)
انجيڠ سريݢالا (alternative)


انجيڠ سريݢالا

ms-noun

انجيڠ سريݢالا (plural انجيڠ-انجيڠ سريݢالا or انجيڠ٢ سريݢالا)

انجيڠ-انجيڠ سريݢالا (plural)
انجيڠ٢ سريݢالا (plural)


ڬ

ا

Arabic script letters (alphabet appendix, script appendix)


بسي ڤوتيه

بسي ڤوتيه (plural بسي-بسي ڤوتيه or بسي٢ ڤوتيه)

بسي-بسي ڤوتيه (plural)
بسي٢ ڤوتيه (plural)


besi putih

بسي ڤوتيه (Jawi)
بسي ڤوتيه (alternative)


fidah

fidah (Jawi spelling فضة, plural fidah-fidah)

فضة (Jawi)
fidah-fidah (plural)
fidzah (alternative)

Indonesian: fidah


fidzah

fidzah (Jawi spelling فضة, plural fidzah-fidzah)


pelambam

pelambam (Jawi spelling ڤلمبم, plural pelambam-pelambam)


ڤلمبم

ڤلمبم (plural ڤلمبم-ڤلمبم or ڤلمبم٢)


hidrogen peroksida

hidrogen peroksida (plural hidrogen-hidrogen peroksida)

Compound of hidrogen + peroksida. Calque of English hydrogen peroxide.

(inorganic chemistry) hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)


hidrogen klorida

(inorganic chemistry) hydrogen chloride (compound with the formula HCl)


hidrogen karbonat

(chemistry) hydrogen carbonate (carbonic acid)


elektrod hidrogen piawai

Calque of English standard hydrogen electrode.

calque

standard hydrogen electrode
standard hydrogen electrode

(physics, chemistry) standard hydrogen electrode


natrium hidrogen karbonat

Calque of English sodium hydrogen carbonate.

sodium hydrogen carbonate
sodium hydrogen carbonate

(chemistry) sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3); sodium bicarbonate (salt of sodium hydroxide and carbonic acid)

sodium bicarbonate (used as a raising agent)


natrium bikarbonat

(chemistry) sodium bicarbonate (salt of sodium hydroxide and carbonic acid)


soda penaik

(chemistry) baking soda (common name for sodium bicarbonate); sodium bicarbonate (salt of sodium hydroxide and carbonic acid)

baking soda (common name for sodium bicarbonate); sodium bicarbonate (used as a raising agent)


oksihidrogen

(chemistry) oxyhydrogen (using a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen)


kronologi

ms-noun

kronologi (Jawi spelling کرونولوݢي, plural kronologi-kronologi)

کرونولوݢي (Jawi)
kronologi-kronologi (plural)

Borrowed from English chronology, from New Latin chronologia from Ancient Greek χρόνος (khrónos, “time”) + λόγος (lógos, “reason, explanation”). By surface analysis, krono- + -logi.


petala

Indonesian: petala

(chemistry, physics) shell (set of atomic orbitals)


terima

Indonesian: terima

Peranakan Indonesian: trima

→ Iban: terima

→ Tagalog: talima

→ Tausug: tayma'

From Old Javanese tarima (“receiving, accepting; gratefulness”), from Sanskrit तारिम (tārima).


citah

ms-noun

citah (Jawi spelling چيته, plural citah-citah)

From English cheetah, from Hindi चीता (cītā, “leopard, panther”), ultimately from Sanskrit चित्र (citra, “multicolored, speckled”) + काय (kāya, “body”), thus "having a spotted body".


چيته

ms-noun

چيته (plural چيته-چيته or چيته٢)


ڤندا

ڤندا (plural ڤندا-ڤندا or ڤندا٢)


panda merah

panda merah (Jawi spelling ڤندا ميره, plural panda-panda merah)

ڤندا ميره (Jawi)
panda-panda merah (plural)


ڤندا ميره

ڤندا ميره (plural ڤندا-ڤندا ميره or ڤندا٢ ميره)

ڤندا-ڤندا ميره (plural)
ڤندا٢ ميره (plural)


بنتوروڠ

بنتوروڠ (plural بنتوروڠ-بنتوروڠ or بنتوروڠ٢)

بنتوروڠ-بنتوروڠ (plural)
بنتوروڠ٢ (plural)


بينتوروڠ

بينتوروڠ (plural بينتوروڠ-بينتوروڠ or بينتوروڠ٢)

بينتوروڠ-بينتوروڠ (plural)
بينتوروڠ٢ (plural)


موسڠ تورون

موسڠ تورون (plural موسڠ-موسڠ تورون or موسڠ٢ تورون)

موسڠ-موسڠ تورون (plural)
موسڠ٢ تورون (plural)


تنتورون

تنتورون (plural تنتورون-تنتورون or تنتورون٢)

تنتورون-تنتورون (plural)
تنتورون٢ (plural)


alah

From Proto-Malayic *alah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *alaq.


alah

mengalahi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

mengalahkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

teralahkan [agentless action + causative benefactive]


pisang benang

pisang benang (Jawi spelling ڤيسڠ بنڠ, plural pisang-pisang benang)

ڤيسڠ بنڠ (Jawi)
pisang-pisang benang (plural)

From pisang (“banana”) + benang (“thread”).


ڤيسڠ بنڠ

ڤيسڠ بنڠ (plural ڤيسڠ-ڤيسڠ بنڠ or ڤيسڠ٢ بنڠ)

ڤيسڠ-ڤيسڠ بنڠ (plural)
ڤيسڠ٢ بنڠ (plural)


pisang manila

pisang manila (Jawi spelling ڤيسڠ مانيلا, plural pisang-pisang manila)

ڤيسڠ مانيلا (Jawi)
pisang-pisang manila (plural)

From pisang (“banana”) + manila (“Manila”).


ڤيسڠ مانيلا

ڤيسڠ مانيلا (plural ڤيسڠ-ڤيسڠ مانيلا or ڤيسڠ٢ مانيلا)

ڤيسڠ-ڤيسڠ مانيلا (plural)
ڤيسڠ٢ مانيلا (plural)


pisang tali

pisang tali (Jawi spelling ڤيسڠ تالي, plural pisang-pisang tali)

ڤيسڠ تالي (Jawi)
pisang-pisang tali (plural)


ڤيسڠ تالي

ڤيسڠ تالي (plural ڤيسڠ-ڤيسڠ تالي or ڤيسڠ٢ تالي)

ڤيسڠ-ڤيسڠ تالي (plural)
ڤيسڠ٢ تالي (plural)


اباک

اباک (plural اباک-اباک or اباک٢)


ابالوني

ابالوني (plural ابالوني-ابالوني or ابالوني٢)

ابالوني-ابالوني (plural)
ابالوني٢ (plural)


geisya

geisya (Jawi spelling ݢيئيشا, plural geisya-geisya)

Borrowed from Japanese 芸者(げいしゃ) (geisha, “artisan”).


ݢيئيشا

ݢيئيشا (plural ݢيئيشا-ݢيئيشا or ݢيئيشا٢)

ݢيئيشا-ݢيئيشا (plural)
ݢيئيشا٢ (plural)


biji

biji (Jawi spelling بيجي, plural biji-biji)


tidak ada

تيدق اد (Jawi)
tak ada (alternative)
tiada (alternative)
xde (alternative Internet)

From tidak (“not”) + ada (“to exist; to have; to be”).


tiada

From Proto-Malayic *ti (“basic negator”) + *ada (“to exist”). Compare Malagasy tsiary (“no, not once”).


کيمڤين

ms-noun

کيمڤين (plural کيمڤين-کيمڤين or کيمڤين٢)

کيمڤين-کيمڤين (plural)
کيمڤين٢ (plural)


kempen

kémpén (Jawi spelling کيمڤين, plural kempen-kempen)

kémpén (canonical)
کيمڤين (Jawi)
kempen-kempen (plural)
kampanye (alternative)
kampanyê (alternative)

From English campaign, from French campagne, from Italian campagna, from Late Latin campānia, from Latin campus.

campaign (series of operations undertaken to achieve a set goal)


کمڤڽى

کمڤڽى (plural کمڤڽى-کمڤڽى or کمڤڽى٢)


kampanye

kampanye (Jawi spelling کمڤڽى, plural kampanye-kampanye)

From Dutch campagne, from French campagne, from Italian campagna, from Late Latin campānia, from Latin campus.

(historical, Dutch East Indies, Indonesia) campaign (series of operations undertaken to achieve a set goal)


janggi

janggi (Jawi spelling جڠݢي, plural janggi-janggi)

Borrowed from Classical Persian زنگی (zangi).


janggi

Borrowed from Classical Persian جنگی (jangi) or Hindi जंगी (jaṅgī).


زيݢوت

ms-noun

زيݢوت (plural زيݢوت-زيݢوت or زيݢوت٢)


اوۏوم

اوۏوم (plural اوۏوم-اوۏوم or اوۏوم٢)


ڤڠوۏومن

ڤڠوۏومن (plural ڤڠوۏومن-ڤڠوۏومن or ڤڠوۏومن٢)

ڤڠوۏومن-ڤڠوۏومن (plural)
ڤڠوۏومن٢ (plural)


pengovuman

head

pengovuman (Jawi spelling ڤڠوۏومن, plural pengovuman-pengovuman)

ڤڠوۏومن (Jawi)
pengovuman-pengovuman (plural)

(physiology) ovulation (release of an ovum from the ovary)


انجيڠ ڤمبورو

ms-noun

انجيڠ ڤمبورو (plural انجيڠ-انجيڠ ڤمبورو or انجيڠ٢ ڤمبورو)

انجيڠ-انجيڠ ڤمبورو (plural)
انجيڠ٢ ڤمبورو (plural)


تاهون

تاهون (plural تاهون-تاهون or تاهون٢)


Januari

جانواري (Jawi)

Indonesian: Januari

→ Banjarese: Januari

→ Banyumasan: Januari

→ Buginese: januari

→ Gorontalo: Januari

→ Minangkabau: Januari

→ Sundanese: Januari

Borrowed from English January, from Middle English Ieneuer, from Anglo-Norman genever, from Latin iānuārius.

January (first month of the Gregorian calendar)


Februari

فيبرواري (Jawi)

Borrowed from English February, ultimately from Latin Februārius.

February (second month of the Gregorian calendar)


اڤريل

Borrowed from English April, from Middle English apprile, from aueril, from Old French avrill, from Latin aprīlis.


Ogos

اوݢوس (Jawi)
Agus (alternative obsolete)
Agustus (alternative)

Borrowed from English August, from Middle English August(us), from Old English Agustus, from Late Latin Agustus, from Latin augustus.

August (eighth month of the Gregorian calendar)


Disember

LL-Q9237 (msa)-GinormousBuildings-Disember (voiceless, rhotic).wav

LL-Q9237 (msa)-GinormousBuildings-Disember (voiced, rhotic).wav

Borrowed from English December, from Middle English December, Decembre, from Old French decembre, from Latin december (“tenth month”), from Latin decem (“ten”); + Latin -ber, from -bris, an adjectival suffix.

December (twelfth month of the Gregorian calendar)


pantun

pantun (Jawi spelling ڤنتون, plural pantun-pantun)

Indonesian: pantun

→ English: pantun

→ French: pantoum

According to Za'aba, the word is thought to evolve from the Malay word sepantun (Jawi: سڤنتون) meaning 'same as'.
Another theory suggests that the word originated from penuntun (“guider”), from noun-building prefix peng- and the verb tuntun (“to guide”). Alternatively, Brandstetter suggested that the word originates from Malay tun and its similar sounding variants in Austronesian languages, with multiple meanings; Kapampangan tuntun (“well organized”), Tagalog tonton (“skillful arrangement”), Old Javanese tuntun (“thread”), atuntun (“well arranged”), matuntun (“to lead”), and Toba Batak pantun (“polite; worthy of respect”). Winstedt supported this opinion, noting that in many Austronesian languages, words which suggest 'something set out in rows' gradually gain the new meaning of 'well-arranged words', in prose or in poetry. Ari Welianto suggested that the word is originated from Minangkabau patuntun (“guide”). Compare with Acehnese pantôn.

cog

en:Renward Brandstetter
en:Richard Olaf Winstedt
en:Zainal Abidin Ahmad (writer)


دادا

ms-noun

دادا (plural دادا-دادا or دادا٢)


رامبوتن

رامبوتن (plural رامبوتن-رامبوتن or رامبوتن٢)

رامبوتن-رامبوتن (plural)
رامبوتن٢ (plural)


هيجاو

هيجاو (plural هيجاو-هيجاو or هيجاو٢)


ايجو

ايجو (plural ايجو-ايجو or ايجو٢)


کلابو

کلابو (plural کلابو-کلابو or کلابو٢)


ابو٢

ابو٢ (plural ابو٢-ابو٢ or ابو٢٢)


pirau

pirau (Jawi spelling ڤيراو, plural pirau-pirau)


ڤيراو

ڤيراو (plural ڤيراو-ڤيراو or ڤيراو٢)


توڠستن

توڠستن (plural توڠستن-توڠستن or توڠستن٢)

توڠستن-توڠستن (plural)
توڠستن٢ (plural)


وولفرم

وولفرم (plural وولفرم-وولفرم or وولفرم٢)

وولفرم-وولفرم (plural)
وولفرم٢ (plural)


سيامڠ

سيامڠ (plural سيامڠ-سيامڠ or سيامڠ٢)


kelabu asap

کلابو اسڤ (Jawi)

Dulu comel, sekarang dah kelabu asap.


kelabu asap

kelabu asap (Jawi spelling کلابو اسڤ, plural kelabu-kelabu asap)

کلابو اسڤ (Jawi)
kelabu-kelabu asap (plural)


کلابو اسڤ

کلابو اسڤ (plural کلابو-کلابو اسڤ or کلابو٢ اسڤ)

کلابو-کلابو اسڤ (plural)
کلابو٢ اسڤ (plural)


kepada

Bola itu dibaling kepada Adam.

In the direction of (used with animate and abstract objects).

Jangan marah kepada adik kamu.

Used to indicate the target or recipient of an action.

Suhu badan Adam meningkat kepada 39°C.

To, at, towards:
Used to state a change of state.

Bahagikan kelas ini kepada 10 kumpulan.


رحمة

رحمة (plural رحمة-رحمة or رحمة٢)


ngarai

ngarai (Jawi spelling ڠاراي, plural ngarai-ngarai)

> Indonesian: ngarai (inherited)

(geography) canyon (a valley cut in rock by a river)


ڠاراي

ڠاراي (plural ڠاراي-ڠاراي or ڠاراي٢)


کنيون

کنيون (plural کنيون-کنيون or کنيون٢)


ديوان

ديوان (plural ديوان-ديوان or ديوان٢)


ݢاديڠ

ݢاديڠ (plural ݢاديڠ-ݢاديڠ or ݢاديڠ٢)


بيرو

بيرو (plural بيرو-بيرو or بيرو٢)


ڤاءول

ڤا^ءول (plural ڤاءول-ڤاءول or ڤاءول٢)

ڤا^ءول (canonical)
ڤاءول-ڤاءول (plural)
ڤاءول٢ (plural)


نيلا

نيلا (plural نيلا-نيلا or نيلا٢)


بلاو

بلاو (plural بلاو-بلاو or بلاو٢)


belau

بلاو (Jawi)
berlau (alternative)
برلاو (alternative)

From Dutch blauw, from Old Dutch *blāo, from Proto-Germanic *blēwaz, from Proto-Indo-European *bhlēw-, *bhlāw-, from Proto-Indo-European *bhel-.

(Indonesia, Netherlands) blue (blue-colored)


belau

belau (Jawi spelling بلاو, plural belau-belau)

بلاو (Jawi)
belau-belau (plural)
berlau (alternative)
برلاو (alternative)


berlau

برلاو (Jawi)
belau (alternative)
بلاو (alternative)
برلاو (alternative)

(Indonesia, Netherlands) Alternative form of belau


برلاو

(Indonesia, Netherlands) Jawi spelling of berlau.


برلاو

برلاو (plural برلاو-برلاو or برلاو٢)


biru langit

بيرو لاڠيت (Jawi)


biru langit

بيرو لاڠيت (Jawi)


nilakandi

نيلاکندي (Jawi)


nilakandi

نيلاکندي (Jawi)


نيلاکندي

نيلاکندي (plural نيلاکندي-نيلاکندي or نيلاکندي٢)

نيلاکندي-نيلاکندي (plural)
نيلاکندي٢ (plural)


biru merak

بيرو مرق (Jawi)


biru merak

بيرو مرق (Jawi)


بيرو مرق

بيرو مرق (plural بيرو-بيرو مرق or بيرو٢ مرق)

بيرو-بيرو مرق (plural)
بيرو٢ مرق (plural)


biru nila

بيرو نيلا (Jawi)


biru nila

بيرو نيلا (Jawi)


بيرو نيلا

بيرو نيلا (plural بيرو-بيرو نيلا or بيرو٢ نيلا)

بيرو-بيرو نيلا (plural)
بيرو٢ نيلا (plural)


bolong

bolong (Jawi spelling بولوڠ, plural bolong-bolong)


langking

langking (Jawi spelling لڠکيڠ, plural langking-langking)


akal

akal (Jawi spelling عقل or اکل, plural akal-akal)

عقل (Jawi)
اکل (Jawi)
akal-akal (plural)

> Indonesian: akal (inherited)

→ Javanese: ꦲꦏꦭ꧀ (akal)

→ Ternate: akal

From Arabic عَقْل (ʕaql, “understanding, intellect”).

bor

Manusia ialah makhluk yang berakal.

Aku ada satu akal.

Sang Harimau terperdaya lagi oleh akal Sang Kancil.

Tiger has yet again fallen for Mousedeer's tricks.


lancar

Indonesian: lancar


lancar

Roket akan dilancarkan dalam satu minit.


jemput

> Indonesian: jemput (inherited)


woksyop

ms-noun

woksyop (Jawi spelling ووکشوڤ, plural woksyop-woksyop)

(colloquial, uncommon) workshop for repairing vehicles; garage


lencana

lencana (Jawi spelling لنچان, plural lencana-lencana)

From Sanskrit लाञ्छन (lāñchana, “mark, sign”).

der

Para pelajar dikehendaki memakai lencana di sekolah.

Students are required to wear their badges in school.


tatabahasa

ms-noun

tatabahasa (Jawi spelling تاتابهاس, plural tatabahasa-tatabahasa)

تاتابهاس (Jawi)
tatabahasa-tatabahasa (plural)

Indonesian: tata bahasa

Compound of tata (“arrangement, order”) + bahasa (“language”).

com

Tatabahasa bahasa Perancis


trak

ms-noun

trak (Jawi spelling ترک, plural trak-trak)

ترک (Jawi)
trak-trak (plural)
truk (alternative)


syurga

syurga (Jawi spelling شرݢ, plural syurga-syurga)

شرݢ (Jawi)
syurga-syurga (plural)
swarga (alternative)

Indonesian: surga

Probably a hypercorrection of surga, from Sanskrit स्वर्ग (svarga).

syurga beli-belah


pandai

From Prakrit 𑀧𑀁𑀟𑀺𑀅 (paṃḍia), from Sanskrit पण्डित (paṇḍita, “learned; wise”). Doublet of pendeta.

der

Kucing kamu sangat pandai.

Ibu pandai menjahit baju.


pandai

ms-noun

pandai (Jawi spelling ڤنداي, plural pandai-pandai)

Indonesian: pandai

Sabah Malay: pandai

→ Cantonese: 扮𠮨 (baan6 naai3)

→ Cebuano: panday

→ Maranao: panday

→ Semai: panèy

→ Tagalog: panday

Pandai perak


terang

Ilmu menerangi kehidupan kita.


terang

> Indonesian: terang (inherited)

→ Iban: terang

→ West Makian: terang

Biar saya terangkan pada kamu.


Bera

→ Chinese: 百樂 /百乐 (Bǎilè)

→ Tamil: பெரா (perā)

Possibly from Semelai reba (“a type of seaweed”).

a city and district of Pahang, Malaysia.


lensa

lensa (Jawi spelling لينسا, plural lensa-lensa)


نيتروݢن

نيتروݢن (plural نيتروݢن-نيتروݢن or نيتروݢن٢)

نيتروݢن-نيتروݢن (plural)
نيتروݢن٢ (plural)


ذات لمس

ذات لمس (plural ذات-ذات لمس or ذات٢ لمس)


اوکسيݢن

اوکسيݢن (plural اوکسيݢن-اوکسيݢن or اوکسيݢن٢)

اوکسيݢن-اوکسيݢن (plural)
اوکسيݢن٢ (plural)


ذات ڤمباکر

ذات ڤمباکر (plural ذات-ذات ڤمباکر or ذات٢ ڤمباکر)

ذات-ذات ڤمباکر (plural)
ذات٢ ڤمباکر (plural)


فلورين

فلورين (plural فلورين-فلورين or فلورين٢)

فلورين-فلورين (plural)
فلورين٢ (plural)


نتريوم

نتريوم (plural نتريوم-نتريوم or نتريوم٢)

نتريوم-نتريوم (plural)
نتريوم٢ (plural)


مݢنيسيوم

مݢنيسيوم (plural مݢنيسيوم-مݢنيسيوم or مݢنيسيوم٢)

مݢنيسيوم-مݢنيسيوم (plural)
مݢنيسيوم٢ (plural)


الومينيوم

الومينيوم (plural الومينيوم-الومينيوم or الومينيوم٢)

الومينيوم-الومينيوم (plural)
الومينيوم٢ (plural)


سيليکون

سيليکون (plural سيليکون-سيليکون or سيليکون٢)

سيليکون-سيليکون (plural)
سيليکون٢ (plural)


فوسفوروس

فوسفوروس (plural فوسفوروس-فوسفوروس or فوسفوروس٢)

فوسفوروس-فوسفوروس (plural)
فوسفوروس٢ (plural)


کلورين

کلورين (plural کلورين-کلورين or کلورين٢)

کلورين-کلورين (plural)
کلورين٢ (plural)


ارݢون

ارݢون (plural ارݢون-ارݢون or ارݢون٢)


kerusi

kerusi (Jawi spelling کروسي, plural kerusi-kerusi)

کروسي (Jawi)
kerusi-kerusi (plural)
kursi (alternative)
krosi (alternative)
kerosi (alternative)
kursi (alternative)

desctree

Baba Malay: krosi
→ Javanese: ꦏꦿꦺꦴꦱꦶ (krosi)

Indonesian: kursi, korsi

→ Brunei Malay: kerusi, karusi, kursi

desc

→ Javanese: ꦏꦸꦂꦱꦶ (kursi), ꦏꦿꦺꦴꦁꦱꦶ (krongsi)

From Arabic كُرْسِيّ (kursiyy). Doublet of kursi.


lucah

kata-kata lucah

filem lucah


pilin

ms-noun

pilin (Jawi spelling ڤيلين, plural pilin-pilin)


khas

bor

Arabic خَاصّ (ḵāṣṣ)

hadiah khas

gerabak khas untuk wanita


tempoh

ms-noun

tempoh (Jawi spelling تيمڤوه, plural tempoh-tempoh)

From Classical Malay تمڤه (tempoh), probably from Portuguese tempo.

Anda diberi tempoh dua minggu untuk menghantar borang ini.

You are given a period of two weeks to submit this form.


titik

titik (Jawi spelling تيتيق, plural titik-titik)


sekarang

Jam berapa sekarang?

Sila ke pejabat saya sekarang.


sekarang

Baba Malay: sekarang

Indonesian: sekarang


tongong

Bukan sinilah, tongong!


tolol

→ Indonesian: tolol

Guru tolol, murid pun tolol.

Foolish is the teacher, foolish too is the student.


badut

badut (Jawi spelling بادوت, plural badut-badut)

Borrowed from Sundanese badud or Javanese badhud, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *baðu.


bijaksana

From Sanskrit विचक्षण (vicakṣaṇa, “wise, learned, skillful”).

der

Wahai tuan nan bijaksana, silakan tunjukkan jalan nan benar.

O wise one, please show us the right way.

membijaksanakan [agent focus + causative benefactive]


bestari

بستاري (Jawi)

sekolah bestari


sementung

سمنتوڠ (Jawi)

Sementung betul dia tu!


tak guna

Tak guna kita meratap lama-lama, yang mati tak akan hidup kembali.

There's no use in mourning for too long; the dead won't come back to life.

Budak tak guna, berani kau tumbuk adik aku!

Darned brat, how dare you punch my brother!


kendong

Yang dikejar tak dapat, yang dikendong berciciran.

The pursued is not acquired, the held is dropped. (proverb)

carry, hold (in a pouch or cloth strapped to the body)


subang

ms-noun

subang (Jawi spelling سوبڠ, plural subang-subang)

Indonesian: subang


pahit

Indonesian: pahit

→ Tok Pisin: pait

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paqit, from Proto-Austronesian *paqiC. Cognate with Tagalog pait (“bitter”), Tboli héét (“bitter”), Eastern Cham ꨜꨪꩀ (phik, “bitter”), Malagasy faitra (“bitterness”), Chamorro fa'et (“salty”).

sepahit-pahit [reduplication + comparability]

memahitkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]


بکس

بکس (plural بکس-بکس or بکس٢)


diarea

diarea-diarea (plural)
diare (alternative)

From English diarrhoea, from Middle French diarrie, from Latin diarrhoea, from Ancient Greek διάρροια (diárrhoia, “a flowing-through; diarrhea”).


يتيم

ms-noun

يتيم (plural يتيم-يتيم or يتيم٢)


cekap

Kilang kami memerlukan ramai pekerja yang cekap.

Our factory requires a lot of skilful workers.

alat elektrik yang cekap tenaga


anak sulung

انق سولوڠ (Jawi)
انق سولوڠ (alternative)


انق سولوڠ

انق سولوڠ (plural انق-انق سولوڠ or انق٢ سولوڠ)

انق-انق سولوڠ (plural)
انق٢ سولوڠ (plural)


انق اڠه

انق اڠه (plural انق-انق اڠه or انق٢ اڠه)


انق الڠ

انق الڠ (plural انق-انق الڠ or انق٢ الڠ)


انق ڤندق

انق ڤندق (plural انق-انق ڤندق or انق٢ ڤندق)

انق-انق ڤندق (plural)
انق٢ ڤندق (plural)


انق ڤنجڠ

انق ڤنجڠ (plural انق-انق ڤنجڠ or انق٢ ڤنجڠ)

انق-انق ڤنجڠ (plural)
انق٢ ڤنجڠ (plural)


anak putih

انق ڤوتيه (Jawi)
انق ڤوتيه (alternative)


انق ڤوتيه

انق ڤوتيه (plural انق-انق ڤوتيه or انق٢ ڤوتيه)

انق-انق ڤوتيه (plural)
انق٢ ڤوتيه (plural)


انق هيتم

انق هيتم (plural انق-انق هيتم or انق٢ هيتم)

انق-انق هيتم (plural)
انق٢ هيتم (plural)


anak muda

anak muda (Jawi spelling انق مودا, plural anak-anak muda)


انق مودا

انق مودا (plural انق-انق مودا or انق٢ مودا)

انق-انق مودا (plural)
انق٢ مودا (plural)


sabda

sabda (Jawi spelling سبدا, plural sabda-sabda)

Indonesian: sabda


sabda

Tuhan pernah bersabda...

Sabda Musa...


dendam

dendam (Jawi spelling دندم, plural dendam-dendam)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dəmdəm, compare with idam.

dendam berahi

(archaic) thought, desire, yearning, longing

Aku menyimpan dendam atas perbuatan dia terhadap kekasihku.

I have a grudge for what he did to my lover.


dendam

Indonesian: dêndam

→ Tagalog: damdam

mendendamkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

mendendami [agent focus + causative benefactive]

berdendam-dendaman [reduplication + stative


balas dendam

> Indonesian: balas dendam (inherited)

Aku membalas dendam padanya atas perbuatannya pada kekasihku.

I seek revenge upon him for what he did to my lover.


idam

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dəmdəm, compare dendam.

Cepatlah masak, anak-anak kita tengah mengidam.

(intransitive) to crave something during pregnancy


idam

Saya mengidamkan sebuah kereta yang baharu.

(transitive) to desire for, to like to have, to want


idam

idam (Jawi spelling ايدم, plural idam-idam)


siang

siang (Jawi spelling سياڠ, plural siang-siang)

> Indonesian: siang (inherited)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦱꦶꦪꦁ (siyang), from Old Javanese siyaṅ (“daytime”).


siang

Act of removing fish scales and gills for cooking.


semalam

Indonesian: semalam

Combination of se- (“one”) + malam (“night”).

Atap bilik Setoh habis kena tebuk, terpaksalah dia tumpang rumah aku semalam.

Setoh's room's roof got holed bad, so he had to stay in my house for one night.


kelmarin

کلمارين (Jawi)

Malay: kemarin, marin

From Proto-Malayic *kələm hari(-an) i.e. kelam harian "dark [night] of the day; last night". Cognate of Iban kemari "yesterday".

day before yesterday
day before yesterday

(Peninsular West Coast) ereyesterday, the day before yesterday; two days ago

(Kedah, Kelantan, Brunei, Sabah) the day before today; yesterday


sungguh

سوڠݢوه (Jawi)

Sungguh merdu lagu yang kita dengar tadi.


tetikus

tĕtikus (Jawi spelling تتيکوس, plural tetikus-tetikus)

tĕtikus (canonical)
تتيکوس (Jawi)
tetikus-tetikus (plural)

Partial reduplication of tikus (“mouse, rat”). Calque of English mouse

Jika bermain permainan video di komputer, perkara utama yang perlu dititik beratkan adalah penggunaan tetikus yang sesuai dan menjadikan permainan video itu menjadi lebih menarik.

2015 April 24, Alzahrin Alias, “Tetikus pengesan nadi [Mouse with a heart rate sensor]”, in Berita Harian:

When playing video games on a computer, the main thing you must focus on is using the right mouse and making the video games more fun.


lambang

lambang (Jawi spelling لامبڠ, plural lambang-lambang)

> Indonesian: lambang (inherited)

Lambang negara India


syarikat

syarikat (Jawi spelling شريکت, plural syarikat-syarikat)

شريکت (Jawi)
syarikat-syarikat (plural)
sharikat (alternative)

Indonesian: syarikat

Learned borrowing from Arabic شَرِكَة (šarika). Doublet of serikat.

Amerika Syarikat

United States of America (lit. "Union of America")

(in certain proper nouns) A federation or union (of states, etc.).

(rare) An alliance between nations (during wartime).


peratus

Indonesian: peratus


dandan

Indonesian: dandan


lokasi

lokasi (Jawi spelling لوکاسي, plural lokasi-lokasi)

لوکاسي (Jawi)
lokasi-lokasi (plural)
lokesyen (alternative)

Borrowed from Indonesian lokasi, from Dutch locatie.


cakerawala

cakerawala (Jawi spelling چکراوالا, plural cakerawala-cakerawala)

چکراوالا (Jawi)
cakerawala-cakerawala (plural)

From Sanskrit चक्रवाल (cakravāla, “circle, mass”).


cendana

ms-noun

cendana (Jawi spelling چندان, plural cendana-cendana)

Indonesian: cendana


babi buta

From babi (“pig”) + buta (“blind”); literally, "to be like a blind pig".


babi buta

head

babi buta (used in the form membabi buta)


buta tuli

From buta (“blind”) + tuli (“deaf”), literally "to be blind and deaf".


lastik

ms-noun

lastik (Jawi spelling لستيق, plural lastik-lastik)


muat turun

head

muat turun (Jawi spelling موات تورون, formal active memuat turun, 3rd person passive dimuat turun)

موات تورون (Jawi)
memuat turun (active formal)
dimuat turun (passive third-person)


muat naik

موات ناءيق (Jawi)


muat

Indonesian: muat

memuatkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

memuati [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dimuatkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

dimuati [patient focus + causative benefactive]

termuatkan [agentless action + causative benefactive]

termuati [agentless action + causative benefactive]

(intransitive) to fit in (be physically capable of going into a space)


rangka

ms-noun

rangka (Jawi spelling راڠک, plural rangka-rangka)

Indonesian: rangka


سنتور

سنتور (plural سنتور-سنتور or سنتور٢)


pangeran

pangeran (Jawi spelling ڤڠيرن, plural pangeran-pangeran)

Indonesian: pangeran

desc

→ Hokkien: 班奇蘭 /班奇兰, 邦奇蘭 /邦奇兰

→ Hokkien: 班奇蘭 /班奇兰, 邦奇蘭 /邦奇兰

Borrowed from Javanese ꦥꦔꦺꦫꦤ꧀ (pangéran, “Lord; prince”), from Old Javanese paṅeran (“younger person, prince, princess, wife, daughter”, literally “master, lord”) (compare to paṅheran (“waiting-place, dwelling-place”)). Doublet of pengiran.


sentosa

سنتوسا (Jawi)


permata

ms-noun

permata (Jawi spelling ڤرمات, plural permata-permata)

> Indonesian: permata (inherited)

→ Pangutaran Sama: palmata

→ Tausug: palmata


zamrud

zamrud (Jawi spelling زمرود, plural zamrud-zamrud)


nilam

nilam (Jawi spelling نيلم, plural nilam-nilam)

From Tamil நீலம் (nīlam, “blue, sapphire”) from Sanskrit नील (nīla, “dark color”). Doublet of nila. Sense of plant and bird probably related to the first one.

Pycnonotus aurigaster
Pycnonotus aurigaster#Translingual

sooty-headed bulbul (Pycnonotus aurigaster).


niat

Indonesian: niat

Bukan niat saya untuk mengganggu.


imperatif

ايمڤيراتيف (Jawi)


imperatif

ايمڤيراتيف (Jawi)

(linguistics) an imperative; the form of a verb that expresses a command


kaji alam hayat

کاجي عالم حيات

kaji alam hayat (Jawi spelling کاجي عالم حيات, plural kaji-kaji alam hayat)

کاجي عالم حيات (Jawi)
kaji-kaji alam hayat (plural)


کاجي عالم حيات

کاجي عالم حيات (plural کاجي-کاجي عالم حيات or کاجي٢ عالم حيات)

کاجي-کاجي عالم حيات (plural)
کاجي٢ عالم حيات (plural)


ايکولوݢي

ايکولوݢي (plural ايکولوݢي-ايکولوݢي or ايکولوݢي٢)

ايکولوݢي-ايکولوݢي (plural)
ايکولوݢي٢ (plural)


kaji alam haiwan

کاجي عالم حيوان

kaji alam haiwan (Jawi spelling کاجي عالم حيوان, plural kaji-kaji alam haiwan)

کاجي عالم حيوان (Jawi)
kaji-kaji alam haiwan (plural)


zooekologi

zooekologi (Jawi spelling زوايکولوݢي, plural zooekologi-zooekologi)

زوايکولوݢي (Jawi)
zooekologi-zooekologi (plural)


کاجي عالم حيوان

کاجي عالم حيوان (plural کاجي-کاجي عالم حيوان or کاجي٢ عالم حيوان)

کاجي-کاجي عالم حيوان (plural)
کاجي٢ عالم حيوان (plural)


زوايکولوݢي

زوايکولوݢي (plural زوايکولوݢي-زوايکولوݢي or زوايکولوݢي٢)

زوايکولوݢي-زوايکولوݢي (plural)
زوايکولوݢي٢ (plural)


sinekologi

سينيکولوݢي (Jawi)
سينيکولوݢي (alternative)

(ecology) synecology (branch of ecology)


سينيکولوݢي

سينيکولوݢي (plural سينيکولوݢي-سينيکولوݢي or سينيکولوݢي٢)

سينيکولوݢي-سينيکولوݢي (plural)
سينيکولوݢي٢ (plural)


bioekologi

بيوايکولوݢي (Jawi)
بيوايکولوݢي (alternative)


kaji angkasa

کاجي اڠکاس (Jawi)
کاجي اڠکاس (alternative)


کاجي اڠکاس

کاجي اڠکاس (plural کاجي-کاجي اڠکاس or کاجي٢ اڠکاس)

کاجي-کاجي اڠکاس (plural)
کاجي٢ اڠکاس (plural)


ايرولوݢي

ايرولوݢي (plural ايرولوݢي-ايرولوݢي or ايرولوݢي٢)

ايرولوݢي-ايرولوݢي (plural)
ايرولوݢي٢ (plural)


kaji bahasa

کاجي بهاس (Jawi)
کاجي بهاس (alternative)


کاجي بهاس

کاجي بهاس (plural کاجي-کاجي بهاس or کاجي٢ بهاس)

کاجي-کاجي بهاس (plural)
کاجي٢ بهاس (plural)


فيلولوݢي

فيلولوݢي (plural فيلولوݢي-فيلولوݢي or فيلولوݢي٢)

فيلولوݢي-فيلولوݢي (plural)
فيلولوݢي٢ (plural)


pangkal

pangkal (Jawi spelling ڤڠکل, plural pangkal-pangkal)

Indonesian: pangkal


hipokrit

hipokrit (Jawi spelling هيڤوکريت, plural hipokrit-hipokrit)

هيڤوکريت (Jawi)
hipokrit-hipokrit (plural)

From English hypocrite, from Old French ypocrite (Modern French hypocrite), from Latin hypocrita, from Ancient Greek ὑποκριτής (hupokritḗs, “actor, hypocrite”), from ὑποκρίνομαι (hupokrínomai, “I answer, act, feign”).


kakitangan

From kaki (“foot”) + tangan (“hand”), i.e. “hands and feet” - in contrast to kepala, meaning "head" (both in anatomical and social sense) but also "leader".

Comparison of Standard Malay and Indonesian


lebuh raya

ms-noun

lebuh raya (Jawi spelling لبوه راي, plural lebuh-lebuh raya)

لبوه راي (Jawi)
lebuh-lebuh raya (plural)
lebuhraya (alternative)

Compound of lebuh (“avenue”) + raya (“big”).

controlled-access highway
controlled-access highway

motorway; freeway; expressway; controlled-access highway


لبوه راي

لبوه راي (plural لبوه-لبوه راي or لبوه٢ راي)

لبوه-لبوه راي (plural)
لبوه٢ راي (plural)


izin

izin (Jawi spelling ايذين, plural izin-izin)


istirahat

استراهت (Jawi)

Borrowed from Arabic اِسْتِرَاحَة (istirāḥa).

bor+

اِسْتِرَاحَة


istirahat

استراهت (Jawi)

Indonesian: istirahat

اِسْتِرَاحَة


korban

ms-noun

korban (Jawi spelling قربان, plural korban-korban)

From Arabic قُرْبَان (qurbān), from Aramaic קורבנא (qurbānā).

(religion) sacrifice (the ritual killing of an animate being as an offering to a deity)

(Islam) korban (the ritual sacrifice of a farm animal performed on Eid al-Adha)

sacrifice (the relinquishing of something, or a labor performed, for the sake of the greater good)

victim (one who suffers the consequence of someone's actions)

casualty, fatality (one who loses their life in a disastrous event, such as war, accidents etc.)


bangunan

bangunan (Jawi spelling باڠونن, plural bangunan-bangunan)

باڠونن (Jawi)
bangunan-bangunan (plural)


turus

turus (Jawi spelling توروس, plural turus-turus)

From Proto-Malayic *turus, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *turus (“stake; free-standing post”).

inh

cuba-cuba menanam mumbang, jika hidup turus negeri: lit. 'try plant a young coconut seedling, see if it can grow to be a state monument', a phrase expressing how crucial to plan something of high stakes in the long term

trellis (wooden or bamboo poles for vines of growing plants to latch onto)


turus

Indonesian: turus

menuruskan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dituruskan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


tunai

ms-noun

tunai (Jawi spelling توناي, plural tunai-tunai)

Indonesian: tunai

→? Tagalog: tunay


tauhu

From Hokkien 豆腐 (tāu-hū). Compare Indonesian tahu, Tagalog taho.

tofu (protein-rich food made from curdled soybean milk)


garaj

garaj (Jawi spelling ݢارج, plural garaj-garaj)

ݢارج (Jawi)
garaj-garaj (plural)
garasi (alternative)

From English garage, from French garage (“keeping under cover, protection, shelter”), derivative of French garer (“to keep under cover, dock, shunt, guard, keep”), from Middle French garer, garrer, guerrer; partly from Old French garir, warir (from Old Frankish *warjan); and partly from Old French varer (“to fight, defend oneself, protect”), from Old Norse varask (“to defend oneself”), reflexive of vara (“to ware, watch out, defend”); both ultimately from Proto-Germanic *warjaną (“to defend, ward off”), *warōną (“to watch, protect”), from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to close, cover, protect, save, defend”).


konsep

ms-noun

konsep (Jawi spelling کونسيڤ, plural konsep-konsep)


projek

projék (canonical)
ڤروجيک (Jawi)
proyek (alternative)


produk

produk (Jawi spelling ڤرودوک, plural produk-produk)

From English product, from Middle English product, from Latin prōductus, perfect participle of prōdūcō.

Eksport produk ini memuncak pada Q2 tahun 2022.

The export of this product peaked at around Q2 2022.

A product; an item, service or any other thing that is produced by a factory or offered by an institution and others.


serombong

serombong (Jawi spelling سرومبوڠ, plural serombong-serombong)

سرومبوڠ (Jawi)
serombong-serombong (plural)


cerita

cerita (Jawi spelling چريتا, plural cerita-cerita)

From Pali carita, from Sanskrit चरित (carita, “course of life”). Compare Tagalog salita (“declaration”). Doublet of cetera and ceritera.


jarak

ms-noun

jarak (Jawi spelling جارق, plural jarak-jarak)

Indonesian: jarak


حديث

حديث (plural حديث-حديث or حديث٢)


hadis

hadis (Jawi spelling حديث, plural hadis-hadis)

حديث (Jawi)
hadis-hadis (plural)
hadith (alternative)

Indonesian: hadis

Borrowed from Arabic حَدِيث (ḥadīṯ, “hadith”).


kentut

ms-noun

kentut (Jawi spelling کنتوت, plural kentut-kentut)

کنتوت (Jawi)
kentut-kentut (plural)
kentot (alternative)
kontut (alternative)

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *kəntut, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qətut, from Proto-Austronesian *qətut; compare Tagalog utót (“fart”). The initial k- for *h- is unexpected. According to the Austronesian Comparative Dictionary, the form may have been derived via *ka-qətut > *ka-hətut > kəntut, however the loss of *h is unexplained.


kentut

کنتوت (Jawi)
kentot (alternative)
kontut (alternative)


ketuanan

ketuanan (Jawi spelling کتوانن, plural ketuanan-ketuanan)

کتوانن (Jawi)
ketuanan-ketuanan (plural)


otomobil

From English automobile or Dutch automobiel.


layang-layang

Indonesian: layang-layang

→ Kristang: layang-layang


angan

> Indonesian: angan (inherited)

→ Javanese: ꦲꦔꦤ꧀ (angan)


pahala

pahala (Jawi spelling ڤهالا, plural pahala-pahala)

> Indonesian: pahala (inherited)

→ Tausug: pahala'

desc

<i class="Hani mention" lang="zh">巴甩</i>

→ Teochew: 巴甩 (ba1 lag4)

From Sanskrit फल (phála), which is in turn from Proto-Dravidian *paẓam (“ripe fruit”).


obituari

ms-noun

obituari (Jawi spelling اوبيتواري, plural obituari-obituari)

اوبيتواري (Jawi)
obituari-obituari (plural)


ketam

ketam (Jawi spelling کتم, plural ketam-ketam)

From Austroasiatic. Compare Proto-Austroasiatic *kta:m (“crab”) (whence Khmer ក្ដាម (kdaam), Vietnamese đam, Mon ဂတာံ (hətam)).


ketam

→ Indonesian: ketam

→ Tagalog: katam

→ Bikol Central: katam

→ Ilocano: katam

→ Tausug: katam


negaraku

first-person singular possessive of negara


sivil

From English civil, from Old French civil, from Latin cīvīlis (“relating to a citizen”), from cīvis (“citizen”).

civil, having to do with people and government office as opposed to the military or religion.


lebar

Panjang darab lebar sama dengan luas.

Length multiplied by width is equal to area.

Lebar meja ini ialah 900 milimeter.

The width of this table is 900 millimetres.


lebar

lebar (Jawi spelling لبر, plural lebar-lebar)

(onomatopoeia) The sound of someone diving into water.


penyepit

penyepit (Jawi spelling ڤڽڤيت, plural penyepit-penyepit)


kancil

kancil (Jawi spelling کنچيل, plural kancil-kancil)

Hikayat Sang Kancil

chevrotain, mousedeer (especially Tragulus kanchil)


cerdik

Sang Kancil yang cerdik

Pelajar yang cerdik


senyum

Indonesian: senyum

Possibly derived from Proto-Mon-Khmer [Term?]. Compare Khmer ញញឹម (ñɔɔñɔñɨm), Lao ຍິ້ມ (nyim), Semai nyim, Shan ယုမ်ႉ (yṵ̂m), Thai ยิ้ม (yím).

cog

Khmer ញញឹម (ñɔɔñɔñɨm)

Senyum selalu.


ilmu

ms-noun

ilmu (Jawi spelling علمو, plural ilmu-ilmu)


masalah

masalah (Jawi spelling مسئله, plural masalah-masalah)

Indonesian: masalah


wasap

wasap (Jawi spelling واسڤ, plural wasap-wasap)


wasap

a message sent or received over WhatsApp


tebuan

tebuan (Jawi spelling تبوان, plural tebuan-tebuan)

تبوان (Jawi)
tebuan-tebuan (plural)
tabuhan (alternative)
tawon (alternative)

From Classical Malay tabuhan, from Proto-Malayic *tabuhan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tabuqan.


sopir

Borrowed from Dutch chauffeur (“driver”).

(Indonesia) Alternative spelling of supir. Synonym of pemandu (“driver”).


sahaja

سهاج (Jawi)
saja (alternative)
aja (alternative)
je (alternative)
jak (alternative)
ja (alternative)


aktres

aktres (Jawi spelling اکتريس, plural aktres-aktres)

اکتريس (Jawi)
aktres-aktres (plural)
aktris (alternative)


otai

otai (Jawi spelling اوتاي, plural otai-otai)

otai masjid

(colloquial, slang) An oldtimer in a particular field or area.


semulajadi

semulajadi (Jawi spelling سمولاجادي, plural semulajadi-semulajadi)

سمولاجادي (Jawi)
semulajadi-semulajadi (plural)
semula jadi (alternative)

semula + jadi; semula 'from the beginning, as at first, original' (se- + mula from Sanskrit मूल (mūla), 'beginning') + jadi (from Sanskrit जाति (jāti)), 'coming into existence'

nonstandard form of semula jadi (“nature”)


semulajadi

سمولاجادي (Jawi)
semula jadi (alternative)

Kanak-kanak pasti akan menguasai pengetahuan bahasa pertama mereka dalam suasana semula jadi.

2006, Zulkifley Hamid, “Psikolinguistik”, in Linguistik Melayu, page 107:

Children are sure to master the knowledge of their first language in a natural setting.

nonstandard form of semula jadi (“natural”)


semula jadi

semula jadi (Jawi spelling سمولا جادي, plural semula-semula jadi)

سمولا جادي (Jawi)
semula-semula jadi (plural)
semulajadi (alternative)


semula jadi

سمولا جادي (Jawi)
semulajadi (alternative)


pegi

(Johor-Riau, Kelantan-Pattani, Pontianak, Siak–Pekanbaru, Tembilahan, Terengganu) Alternative spelling of pergi.


Muslimah

ms-proper noun

Muslimah (Jawi spelling مسلمه, plural Muslimat or Muslimah-Muslimah)

مسلمه (Jawi)
Muslimat (plural)
Muslimah-Muslimah (plural)

From Arabic مُسْلِمَة (muslima, “female Muslim”). By surface analysis, Muslim + -ah.


abar

abar-abar merah


abar

head

abar (Jawi spelling ابر, formal active mengabar, 3rd person passive diabar)

ابر (Jawi)
mengabar (active formal)
diabar (passive third-person)

Indonesian: abar


banjar

ms-noun

banjar (Jawi spelling بنجر, plural banjar-banjar)


beza

beza (Jawi spelling بيذا, plural beza-beza)

بيذا (Jawi)
beza-beza (plural)
beda (alternative)

A hypercorrection thus doublet of beda from Sanskrit भेद (bheda, “contrast, distinction, difference”), likely influenced by other words with conflation of /d/ and /ð/ (as /dz/) represented originally with the Jawi د dal and ذ dzal respectively (thus بيدا beda ⇆ بيذا bedza) , such as between dikir and zikir both doublets from Arabic ذِكْر (ḏikr, “recollection, remembrance”).

noncog

membezakan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

memperbezakan [causative agent focus + causative benefactive]

diperbezakan [causative passive focus + causative benefactive]


jadual

ms-noun

jadual (Jawi spelling جدوال, plural jadual-jadual)

جدوال (Jawi)
jadual-jadual (plural)
jadwal (alternative)

From Arabic جَدْوَل (jadwal) (compare Indonesian jadwal).

menjadualkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

jadual waktu

table (grid of data in rows and columns)

jadual peperiksaan

jadual perjalanan bas

Perbadanan Labuan (LC) hari ini memaklumkan jadual pengurusan sisa pepejal semasa sambutan Hari Raya Aidilfitri tidak berubah dan mengikut jadual yang telah ditetapkan.

2018 June 11, “Jadual tidak berubah [Schedule unchanged]”, in Media Permata, archived from the original on 2018-11-01:

The Labuan Corporation (LC) announced today that the schedule for solid waste management during the Hari Raya Aidilfitri (Eid al-Fitr) celebration remains unchanged and follows the schedule that has been fixed.

schedule (timetable, or other time-based plan of events)


sumpah

sumpah (Jawi spelling سومڤه, plural sumpah-sumpah)

There are two main theories as to its etymology:
* From Western Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sumpaq. Cognate with Tagalog sumpa and Javanese sumpah.
* From Old Javanese sumpah (“oath, imprecation”), śumāpa (“to curse”), śāpa (“curse, malediction, abuse, oath, imprecation”) + -um- (“active, indicative verb”), from Sanskrit शाप (śāpa, “curse, oath”).
First attested in the Telaga Batu inscription, 683 AD, as Old Malay [script needed] (sumpaḥ).


sumpah

Aku sumpah, aku tak tidur dengan suami kau!

I swear I didn't sleep with your husband!

Sambil dihukum mati, Mahsuri menyumpah Langkawi supaya tidak aman selama tujuh keturunan.

As she was executed, Mahsuri cursed Langkawi to seven generations of unrest.


sumpah

Indonesian: sumpah

Mi tarik pedas ni kasi kenyang gila, sumpah!

These spicy lamian are so mad filling, on God!

(colloquial, Malaysia) seriously, no joke, I swear, on God - emphasizing the seriousness or truthfulness of a statement.


kompeni

ms-noun

kompeni (Jawi spelling کومڤني, plural kompeni-kompeni)

From English company, from Middle English companye (“a team; companionship”), from Old French compaignie (“companionship”) (Modern French: compagnie), possibly from Late Latin *compania.

der

(informal) A corporation or a legal business entity.

(historical) The East India Company or the Dutch East India Company.

(military) A body of soldiers that is part of a battalion and consists of less than a 100 units and is usually split into three platoons.


jenazah

ms-noun

jenazah (Jawi spelling جنازه, plural jenazah-jenazah)


kuih

kuih (Jawi spelling کوءيه, plural kuih-kuih)

کوءيه (Jawi)
kuih-kuih (plural)
kueh (alternative)
kue (alternative Indonesia)

→ English: kuih

Bite-sized cakes, cookies or pastry, especially the steamed ones made in Southeast Asia or Southern China.


pinjam

Indonesian: pinjam

→ Tok Pisin: piga

From Classical Malay ڤينجم (pinjam), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hinzam, a variant of *həzam, from Proto-Austronesian *Səzam. Compare Tagalog hirám (“borrowing”). The initial /p-/ is possibly influenced by the prefix per-.

meminjamkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

meminjami [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dipinjamkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

dipinjami [patient focus + causative benefactive]


isteri

istĕri (Jawi spelling ايستري, plural isteri-isteri)

istĕri (canonical)
ايستري (Jawi)
isteri-isteri (plural)

Indonesian: istri


pengurus

pengurus (Jawi spelling ڤڠوروس, plural pengurus-pengurus)

ڤڠوروس (Jawi)
pengurus-pengurus (plural)


khabar

khabar (Jawi spelling خبر, plural khabar-khabar)

Baba Malay: khabair

Indonesian: kabar

Borrowed from Arabic خَبَر (ḵabar). Compare Acehnese haba. Doublet of kaba.

Surat khabar

perkhabaran [causative passive + resultative

mengabarkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]


karyawan

karyawan (Jawi spelling کارياون, plural karyawan-karyawan)

کارياون (Jawi)
karyawan-karyawan (plural)

Indonesian: karyawan

artisan, laureate, one who produces works of art, literature etc.


jutawan

jutawan (Jawi spelling جوتاون, plural jutawan-jutawan)


aiskrim

aiskrim (Jawi spelling اءيسکريم, plural aiskrim-aiskrim)

اءيسکريم (Jawi)
aiskrim-aiskrim (plural)
ice cream (alternative)

→ Indonesian: es krim


awam

> Indonesian: awam (inherited)

Borrowed from Arabic عَوَامّ (ʕawāmm), plural of عَامَّة (ʕāmma).

mengawamkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

telefon awam

kerajaan awam

muka minah tu awam siot

(Malaysia, Singapore, derogatory, slang) banal, everyday


permaisuri

permaisuri (Jawi spelling ڤرمايسوري, plural permaisuri-permaisuri)

ڤرمايسوري (Jawi)
permaisuri-permaisuri (plural)

Indonesian: permaisuri

desc

→ Thai: ประไหมสุหรี

→ Thai: ประไหมสุหรี

From Tamil பரமேஸ்வரி (paramēsvari), from Sanskrit परमेश्वरी (parameśvarī, “supreme lady”).

der

A queen:
A queen consort; wife of a king.

(uncommon) A queen regnant; a female head of state.

A queen:
(sports) The queen piece in chess.


mahaguru

ms-noun

mahaguru (Jawi spelling مهاݢورو, plural mahaguru-mahaguru)

مهاݢورو (Jawi)
mahaguru-mahaguru (plural)

From maha- (“supreme”) + guru (“teacher”), from Sanskrit महागुरु (mahāguru).


wul

Borrowed from English wool, from Middle English wolle, from Old English wull, from Proto-West Germanic *wullu, from Proto-Germanic *wullō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂.


ayam belanda

ayam belanda (Jawi spelling ايم بلندا, plural ayam-ayam belanda)

ايم بلندا (Jawi)
ayam-ayam belanda (plural)

→ Tausug: aymbalanda'

Compound of ayam (“chicken”) + Belanda (“Holland, the Netherlands”), literally "Dutch chicken".


ustaz

ms-noun

ustaz (Jawi spelling استاذ, plural asatizah)

Indonesian: ustaz

From Arabic أُسْتَاذ (ʔustāḏ, “professor”), from Persian استاد (ostâd, “master”).


nasional

ناسيونل (Jawi)

Borrowed from English national, from Middle French national.

Relating to or characteristic of a nation; national.


dirgahayu

ديرݢاهايو (Jawi)

Borrowed from Sanskrit दीर्घ (dīrghá, “long”) + आयु (āyu, “live”).

Dirgahayu bangsaku


hartanah

hartanah (Jawi spelling هرتانه, plural hartanah-hartanah)

هرتانه (Jawi)
hartanah-hartanah (plural)

Orang ramai dinasihatkan untuk tidak hanya bergantung pada indeks dan statistik berkenaan untuk menilai mana-mana hartanah kerana harga hartanah kediaman persendirian adalah berbeza tertakluk antara lainnya kepada lokasi, saiz tanah dan keluasan lantai.

2021 October 19, Sim Y. H., “Indeks Harga Hartanah Kediaman meningkat”, in Media Permata (Brunei):

The public is advised not to rely solely on the relevant indices and statistics to evaluate any property because private residential property prices vary depending on location, land size and floor area.

Menurut Pasukan Polis Singapura (SPF), kes membabitkan penipu yang menyamar sebagai ejen hartanah sah telah muncul semula, dengan mangsa diminta membuat pembayaran sewa bagi sebuah unit oleh penipu sebelum melihat hartanah tersebut.

2022 August 27, Harith Mustaffa, “Seramai 996 individu ditipu 'ejen hartanah', hilang $3.9j”, in Berita Harian (Singapore):

According to the Singapore Police Force (SPF), cases involving fraudsters posing as legitimate real estate agents have resurfaced, with victims being asked to make rent payments for a unit by fraudsters before viewing the property.


riam

riam (Jawi spelling ريام, plural riam-riam)

Unknown. Originally dialectal to Johor. Cognate to Malagasy riana.


Selan

From Persian سیلان (saylān, “Ceylon”). Doublet of Sailan and selan.

(historical) Ceylon (former name of Sri Lanka, an island country in South Asia)


Melanau

A member of people who live on the island of Borneo, primarily in Sarawak, Malaysia, but also in Kalimantan, Indonesia.


roti canai

روتي چاناي (Jawi)

From roti (“bread”) + canai (“to stretch or push something pliable or elastic”).

compound

Mengulas lanjut katanya, roti canai mudah rapuh dan serpihan yang terapung di udara boleh memasuki ruang-ruang kecil dalam kapal angkasa seterusnya merosakkan sistemnya.

2006 February 3, Zabry Mohamad, “Roti canai, teh tarik tidak ke angkasa lepas? [Roti canai, teh tarik not going to outer space?]”, in Utusan Malaysia, archived from the original on 2018-12-29:

He further commented that roti canai is easily brittle and fragments floating in the air can enter small spaces in the spaceship thereby damaging its system.


jumlah

ms-noun

jumlah (Jawi spelling جومله, plural jumlah-jumlah)


pemerintah

pemerintah (Jawi spelling ڤمرينته, plural pemerintah-pemerintah)

ڤمرينته (Jawi)
pemerintah-pemerintah (plural)

desctree

> Indonesian: pemerintah (inherited)
→ Ternate: pamarenta

Affixation of peN- + perintah (“to govern”).

(Indonesia, Singapore) government (body with the power to make and/or enforce laws)


pemerintah

ڤمرينته (Jawi)


atawa

Borrowed from Sanskrit अथवा (athavā, “or, rather”).


menurut

From Classical Malay menurut. Equivalent to meng- + turut.


assalamualaikum

ms-interj

assalamualaikum (Jawi spelling السلامعليکم)

السلامعليکم (Jawi)

From Arabic اَلسَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُم (as-salāmu ʕalaykum, “peace be upon you”).

bor

اَلسَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُم

assalamu alaykum
assalamu alaykum#English

(Islam) Used by Muslims to greet other Muslims; salaam alaikum, assalamu alaykum.


Pancasila

From Sanskrit पञ्चशील (pañcaśīla), from पञ्च (pañca, “five”) + शील (śīla, “principle”). By surface analysis, panca- + sila.

Republic of Indonesia
Republic of Indonesia

Pancasila, the five principles of the Republic of Indonesia, i.e. God the Sole, nationalism, humanitarianism, democracy and social justice.


Lesung

ms-noun

Lesung (Jawi spelling لسوڠ, plural Lesung-Lesung)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lesuŋ (“rice mortar”). Cognate with Tagalog lusong.


شوت

ms-noun

شوت (plural شوت-شوت or شوت٢)


piza

piza (Jawi spelling ڤيزا, plural piza-piza)


bular

From Proto-Malayic *bular, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bulaʀ.

(dialectal, Sambas) Unable to see; blind.


bular

bular (Jawi spelling بولر, plural bular-bular)

Indonesian: bular

White membrane or clouding in eyes of someone with cataracts.


balut

balut (Jawi spelling بالوت, plural balut-balut)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *balut₂. Compare Tagalog balot.


balut

> Indonesian: balut (inherited)


garis

garis (Jawi spelling ݢاريس, plural garis-garis)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *karis (“scratch, scrape”).


hafal

der

Arabic حَافِظ


-ensi

From English -ency, ultimately from Latin -entia.

frekuensi

valensi

residensi


puyan

ms-noun

puyan (Jawi spelling ڤوين, plural puyan-puyan)


majlis

majlis (Jawi spelling مجليس, plural majlis-majlis)

Indonesian: majelis

From Classical Malay مجليس (majlis, majelis), from Arabic مَجْلِس (majlis).


pautan

pautan (Jawi spelling ڤاءوتن, plural pautan-pautan)

Place for tying a cow, chicken, dog, etc.

(figurative) Where someone is from; home.


motosikal

motosikal (Jawi spelling موتوسيکل, plural motosikal-motosikal)

موتوسيکل (Jawi)
motosikal-motosikal (plural)

(Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei) motorcycle


momen

momen (Jawi spelling مومين, plural momen-momen)

Learned borrowing from Dutch moment, ultimately from Latin momentum. The pronunciation of this word has been influenced by the English moment.

moment:
a brief, unspecified amount of time.

(physics) moment of force: the turning effect of a force applied to a rotational system at a distance from the axis of rotation.


lokan

lokan (Jawi spelling لوکن, plural lokan-lokan)

a type of edible large clam (Polymesoda placans)


نحو

نحو (plural نحو-نحو or نحو٢)


cicak

cicak (Jawi spelling چيچق, plural cicak-cicak)

چيچق (Jawi)
cicak-cicak (plural)
cacak (alternative)
chichak (alternative)
چچک (alternative)

cicak terbang: Draco volans

any legged reptile larger than a gecko and smaller than a monitor lizard

lizard
house lizard, Hemidacytlus frenatus


چچک

چچک (plural چچک-چچک or چچک٢)


Port Dickson

ڤورت ديقسن (Jawi)
Podeksen (alternative)

Port Dickson (a town and district of Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia)


abuk

Imperative or first-person and second-person passive of mengabuk.


abuk

abuk (Jawi spelling ابوق, plural abuk-abuk)


hentam

هنتم (Jawi)
hantam (alternative)
hantam (alternative)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qantəm (“beat, thrash”).

inh

Alex menghentam bantalnya untuk melepaskan perasaan geramnya.

Alex is hitting his pillow to release his anger.

Kereta itu terhentam dengan lori yang jauh lebih besar daripadanya.

That car collided with a lorry that is way bigger than itself.

to collide with an object with strong force

Haikal menghentam sahaja menjawab soalan peperiksaan.

Haikal just answered the questions in the exam without much thought.

to do a task without thinking about the consequences


kecelakaan

ms-noun

kecelakaan (Jawi spelling کچلاکاءن, plural kecelakaan-kecelakaan)

کچلاکاءن (Jawi)
kecelakaan-kecelakaan (plural)

An unexpected event with negative consequences occurring without the intention of the one suffering the consequences.

(transport, vehicles) Especially, a collision or similar unintended event that causes damage or death.


sewa

sewa (Jawi spelling سيوا, plural sewa-sewa)

a payment for the use of equipment or a service.

an object for which rent is charged or paid.


herbivor

herbivor (Jawi spelling هربيۏور, plural herbivor-herbivor)

هربيۏور (Jawi)
herbivor-herbivor (plural)


-isma

From Dutch -isme, from Middle French -isme, from Latin -ismus, from Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós). Attested in the Kitab Vortaro published in 1923.

organisma


ketua

ketua (Jawi spelling کتوا, plural ketua-ketua)

Indonesian: ketua

ketua kampung

The oldest person who possesses an abundance of experience in a village and other places.


terapi

تيراڤي (Jawi)

From English therapy, from New Latin therapīa, from Ancient Greek θεραπεία (therapeía, “service, medical treatment”), from θεραπεύω (therapeúō, “I serve, treat medically”) + -ία (-ía, suffix for forming abstract nouns).

suf

Treatment for healing a physical or mental illness without the need for medicine or surgery; therapy.


abuh

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦧꦸꦃ (abuh), from Old Javanese aböh, abuh (“swollen”), *bĕh, *buh, *böh.


itik

ms-noun

itik (Jawi spelling ايتيق, plural itik-itik)

ايتيق (Jawi)
itik-itik (plural)
itek (alternative)

> Indonesian: itik (inherited)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *itik.


jaguh

ms-noun

jaguh (Jawi spelling جاݢوه, plural jaguh-jaguh)


juara

juara (Jawi spelling جوارا, plural juara-juara)

Indonesian: juara

Borrowed from Prakrit 𑀚𑀼𑀆𑀭 (juāra), from Sanskrit द्यूतकार (dyūtakāra, “gambler”).

der

Master of ceromonies
master of ceremonies

A member of a field (academic, sports, etc.).

The second most important person in a dikir barat performance whose task is to start the performance in a seated position after which they are followed by a chorus.


panir

ms-noun

panir (Jawi spelling ڤانير, plural panir-panir)

From Persian پنیر, from Middle Persian pnyl (panīr); see there for further information.


zawiat

zawiat (Jawi spelling زاوية, plural zawiat-zawiat)

Indonesian: zawiat

From Arabic زَاوِيَة (zāwiya, “angle, corner, edge; street corner; cell, hermitage; column”).

der

a place for praying, smaller than a typical mosque; a musalla


absen

Borrowed from English absent (compare Dutch-derived Indonesian absen).

(informal) absent (not attend school, work, etc.)


mengabsen

مڠبسين (Jawi)

Borrowed from Indonesian mengabsen, by surface analysis, meng- + absen.

(Indonesia) To call out people's name to find out or determine who is not present.


zabib

ms-noun

zabib (Jawi spelling زبيب, plural zabib-zabib)

Indonesian: zabib

From Arabic زَبِيب (zabīb). Compare Pattani Malay زابِيء / ซฺาเบะ.


warkah

warkah (Jawi spelling ورقة, plural warkah-warkah)

ورقة (Jawi)
warkah-warkah (plural)
warkat (alternative)


zaujah

zaujah (Jawi spelling زوجه, plural zaujah-zaujah)


tamar

tamar (Jawi spelling تمر, plural tamar-tamar)


syajarat

syajarat (Jawi spelling شجرة, plural syajarat-syajarat)


dadah

dadah (Jawi spelling داده, plural dadah-dadah)


derana

From Sanskrit धारण (dhāraṇa, “holding, bearing, keeping back”).


jahanam

Jahanam sudah kampung ini akibat ribut.

The storm has left the village in desolation.


jahanam

Jahanam dia!


jahanam

ms-noun

jahanam (Jawi spelling جهنم, plural jahanam-jahanam)


jahanam

Kereta aku telah dijahanamkan oleh pencuri.

The thieves have utterly destroyed my car.

bukti-bukti yang menjahanamkan


صليب

صليب (plural صليب-صليب or صليب٢)


tarawih

tarawih (Jawi spelling تراويح, plural tarawih-tarawih)

bor

Arabic تَرَاوِيح (tarāwīḥ)

(Islam) An extra prayer performed by Muslims on Ramadan.


juz

Indonesian: juz, jus

Borrowed from Arabic جُزْء (juzʔ). Doublet of juzuk.

juz 5

(Islam) A juz: any of thirty parts of varying length into which the Qur'an is sometimes divided.


lanun

ms-noun

lanun (Jawi spelling لانون, plural lanun-lanun)

From a term for the Bajau people and Iranun people, and sometimes Suluk or Tausug people who were famed for their daring acts of piracy.

Bajau people
Iranun people
Tausug people

perlanunan [causative passive + resultative


jahat

Indonesian: jahat

From Proto-Malayic *jahat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaqat (“bad, evil”).
First attested in the Kota Kapur inscription, 686 CE, as Old Malay [script needed] (jāhat).

inh

menjahatkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

menjahati [agent focus + causative benefactive]

sejahat-jahat [reduplication + immediacy


jahat

Jangan kau menjahati orang-orang yang lemah.


gula-gula

Ambonese Malay: gula-gula

Indonesian: gula-gula


mungkin

موڠکين (Jawi)

From Arabic مُمْكِن (mumkin, “possible”).


unsur

ms-noun

unsur (Jawi spelling عنصور, plural unsur-unsur)

> Indonesian: unsur (inherited)

(grammar) a functional element of a phrase or clause.


tumit

tumit (Jawi spelling توميت, plural tumit-tumit)

> Indonesian: tumit (inherited)

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *tumit, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tumid.


abah-abah

Indonesian: abah-abah

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦧꦃꦲꦧꦃ (abah-abah, “tool, instrument”), from Old Javanese abah-abah (“harness”).


dayang

ms-noun

dayang (Jawi spelling دايڠ, plural dayang-dayang)


olimpiad

olimpiad (Jawi spelling اوليمڤياد, plural olimpiad-olimpiad)

اوليمڤياد (Jawi)
olimpiad-olimpiad (plural)

Borrowed from English Olympiad, from Old French olimpiade (“period of four years”), from Latin Olympias, from Ancient Greek Ὀλυμπιάς (Olumpiás).


jujur

> Indonesian: jujur (inherited)


فلک

ms-noun

فلک (plural فلک-فلک or فلک٢)


kukus

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kukus, from Proto-Austronesian *kukus.

nasi kukus


kukus

Indonesian: kukus

→? Macanese: cucús


montok

مونتوق (Jawi)


tamadun

tamadun (Jawi spelling تمدون, plural tamadun-tamadun)

Indonesian: tamadun

Etymology tree
Arabic تَمَدَّنَ (tamaddana)
Arabic تَمَدُّن (tamaddun)bor.
Classical Persian تَمَدُّن (tamaddun)bor.
Malay tamadun
Borrowed from Classical Persian تَمَدُّن (tamaddun), borrowed from Arabic تَمَدُّن (tamaddun), from تَمَدَّنَ (tamaddana).

etymon

Kementerian Pendidikan tidak bercadang untuk merombak mata pelajaran Sejarah susulan penemuan tinggalan tamadun Sungai Batu, di Sungai Petani, Kedah yang diiktiraf sebagai tamadun tertua di Asia Tenggara.

2016 September 20, “Tiada cadangan rombak silibus subjek Sejarah - Mahdzir [No proposal to revise History subject syllabus - Mahdzir]”, in Astro Awani:

The Ministry of Education does not plan to revamp the History subject following the discovery of the remains of the Sungai Batu civilisation in Sungai Petani, Kedah which is recognised as the oldest civilisation in Southeast Asia.

ditamadunkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


lorong

ms-noun

lorong (Jawi spelling لوروڠ, plural lorong-lorong)


lebih

> Indonesian: lebih (inherited)

From Proto-Malayic *ləbih, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ləbiq. Cognate with Javanese luwih.

Harga barangan ini di Cina jauh lebih murah daripada yang di Amerika.

The cost of these products in China is far lower than its counterpart in America.

melebihkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

melebihi [agent focus + causative benefactive]


cukup

enough, sufficient, adequate, ample, plenty


cukup

> Indonesian: cukup (inherited)

→ English: cukup

→ Tausug: jukup


cukai

cukai (Jawi spelling چوکاي, plural cukai-cukai)

Indonesian: cukai

→ Min Nan: 抽奎 (thiu-khe)

→ Maranao: sokay

→ Pangutaran Sama: sukay

→ Tiruray: sukay

→ Tausug: sukay


angkasa

From Sanskrit आकाश (ākāśa, “sky, space”).


dinding

dinding (Jawi spelling دينديڠ, plural dinding-dinding)

From Proto-Malayic *dindiŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *diŋdiŋ. Cognate with Tetum didin and Makasar rinring.


bajet

bajét (Jawi spelling باجيت, plural bajet-bajet)

bajét (canonical)
باجيت (Jawi)
bajet-bajet (plural)
bujet (alternative)

(Indonesian)


jawapan

jawapan (Jawi spelling جواڤن, plural jawapan-jawapan)

جواڤن (Jawi)
jawapan-jawapan (plural)
jawaban (alternative)

Combination of jawab + -an with the root word's orthographical coda ⟨b⟩ being pronounced as /p/ because /b/ does not occur in the syllable coda in Malay.

Jawapan kamu apa eh tadi?


ribut

Indonesian: ribut

From Proto-Malayic *ribut, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ribut.


کوچ

کوچ (plural کوچ-کوچ or کوچ٢)


segenting

segenting (Jawi spelling سݢنتيڠ, plural segenting-segenting)

سݢنتيڠ (Jawi)
segenting-segenting (plural)

Segenting Kra

A garden croton; a plant species of the genus Codiaeum.


derhaka

First attested in the Kota Kapur inscription, 686 CE, as Old Malay [script needed] (drohaka), from Sanskrit द्रोहक (drohaka, “injury, mischief, harm, perfidy, treachery, wrong, offence”).

der

treason (disloyalty to the Sultan or State)

disobedience (to the lawful authority of an official superior, or of a child to the parents)

infidelity (of a wife to a husband, or of a man to his vows)


derhaka

khianat

treachery, treason, betrayal; in a more general context

menderhakai [agent focus + causative benefactive]

diderhakai [patient focus + causative benefactive]


gasing

ms-noun

gasing (Jawi spelling ݢسيڠ, plural gasing-gasing)


janji

janji (Jawi spelling جنجي, plural janji-janji)

Indonesian: janji

→ Maranao: diyandi'

→ Tausug: janji'


kerusuhan

kerusuhan (Jawi spelling کروسوهن, plural kerusuhan-kerusuhan)

کروسوهن (Jawi)
kerusuhan-kerusuhan (plural)


zadah

zadah-zadah (plural)
jadah (alternative)

desc

from the alternative form <i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">jadah</i>

Indonesian: jadah — from the alternative form jadah


ibu kunci

Literally "key's mother". Compare Thai แม่กุญแจ (mɛ̂ɛ-gun-jɛɛ), Lao ແມ່ກະແຈ (mǣ ka chǣ).


daulat

Indonesian: daulat

→ Tagalog: daulat

Daulat tuanku


wajib

Obligatory:
Compulsory or must be fulfilled.

(Islam) Of a duty that a Muslim must fulfil for which he will acquire hasanat if he does so, or sins if he does not; wajib.


wajib

Indonesian: wajib

→ Tausug: wajib

Kerja ini wajib disiapkan hari ini!

Orang Islam wajib menunaikan haji jika mampu.

Muslims must perform hajj if they could afford it.

(Islam) Must in a way where a Muslim will acquire hasanat if he does or sins if he does not.


takar

ms-noun

takar (Jawi spelling تاکر, plural takar-takar)

an earthenware vessel with a narrow neck; a glass or porcelain ginger jar


takar

Indonesian: takar

→ Tagalog: takal

menakari [agent focus + causative benefactive]

ditakari [patient focus + causative benefactive]


bahawa

Indonesian: bahwa

Saya tahu bahawa dialah orangnya.


terbatas

ترباتس (Jawi)

Indonesian: terbatas


ستور

ستور (plural ستور-ستور or ستور٢)


farmasi

فرماسي (Jawi)

From English pharmacy or Dutch farmacie and pharmacie, both forms directly attested in Kitab Vortaro in 1923.

A place where prescription drugs are dispensed; a dispensary.

The science of medicinal substances comprising pharmaceutics, pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmacology, phytochemistry and forensics.


diglosia

diglosia (Jawi spelling ديݢلوسيا, plural diglosia-diglosia)

ديݢلوسيا (Jawi)
diglosia-diglosia (plural)

(linguistics) Diglossia; the coexistence in a given population of two closely related native languages or dialects, one of which is regarded as more prestigious than the other; the similar coexistence of two unrelated languages.


janggut

janggut (Jawi spelling جڠݢوت, plural janggut-janggut)


adil

Indonesian: adil

Javanese: ꦲꦢꦶꦭ꧀ (adil)


ateisme

اتيئيسمى (Jawi)


فون

فون (plural فون-فون or فون٢)


kelembapan

kelembapan (Jawi spelling کلمبڤن, plural kelembapan-kelembapan)

کلمبڤن (Jawi)
kelembapan-kelembapan (plural)


lembap

Cuaca lembap

Baju lembap
Damp clothes
Synonym(s): wet


begitu

Begitu tinggi kawan Daniel hinggakan ia bagaikan seekor kucing.

Daniel's friends are so tall that he looks like a cat [next to them].

Begitukah kucing itu cuba makan ikan tadi?

Did the cat try to eat the fish like that?


lebuh

lebuh (Jawi spelling لبوه, plural lebuh-lebuh)


minuman

minuman (Jawi spelling مينومن, plural minuman-minuman)


pancuran

pancuran (Jawi spelling ڤنچورن, plural pancuran-pancuran)

ڤنچورن (Jawi)
pancuran-pancuran (plural)


doktor gigi

doktor gigi (Jawi spelling دوکتور ݢيݢي, plural doktor-doktor gigi)

دوکتور ݢيݢي (Jawi)
doktor-doktor gigi (plural)
dokter gigi (alternative)

From doktor (“doctor”) + gigi (“tooth”). Literally, “teeth doctor”.


murah

Possibly from Javanese murah (compare with Tagalog mura (“cheap”)). Doublet of mudah.


baju hujan

baju hujan (Jawi spelling باجوهوجن, plural baju-baju hujan)

باجوهوجن (Jawi)
baju-baju hujan (plural)


kantung tidur

kantung tidur (plural kantung-kantung tidur)


wisma

wisma (Jawi spelling ويسما, plural wisma-wisma)

Borrowed from Sanskrit वेश्मन् (veśman, “palace, abode, house”).


بروق

ms-noun

بروق (plural بروق-بروق or بروق٢)


قبور

قبور (plural قبور-قبور or قبور٢)


اوکتاݢون

اوکتاݢون (plural اوکتاݢون-اوکتاݢون or اوکتاݢون٢)

اوکتاݢون-اوکتاݢون (plural)
اوکتاݢون٢ (plural)


bawang putih

bawang putih (Jawi spelling باوڠ ڤوتيه, plural bawang-bawang putih)

باوڠ ڤوتيه (Jawi)
bawang-bawang putih (plural)

From bawang (“onion”) + putih (“white”).


medan selera

medan selera (Jawi spelling ميدن سليرا, plural medan-medan selera)

ميدن سليرا (Jawi)
medan-medan selera (plural)


kedai makan

kedai makan (Jawi spelling کداي ماکن, plural kedai-kedai makan)

کداي ماکن (Jawi)
kedai-kedai makan (plural)


kemiskinan

kemiskinan (Jawi spelling کميسکينن, plural kemiskinan-kemiskinan)

کميسکينن (Jawi)
kemiskinan-kemiskinan (plural)


pantat

pantat (Jawi spelling ڤنتت, plural pantat-pantat)

(vulgar in Malaysia) arse, ass (the buttocks)

(vulgar, anatomy) the female genitalia, vulva


air batu

air batu (Jawi spelling اءير باتو, plural air-air batu)

Compound of air (“water”) + batu (“stone, to harden”). Compare to Thai น้ำแข็ง (nám-kɛ̌ng, “ice”, literally “water + hard”) and Khmer ទឹកកក (tɨk kɑɑk, “ice”, literally “water + hard”).

ncog

Satu air Milo ngan air batu.


tolak

Indonesian: tolak

North Moluccan Malay: tola (“to push”)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tulak (“push something away, shove, repel; push off, as a boat leaving shore or being poled through shallow water”). Cognate with Tagalog tulak.

inh

menolakkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

ditolakkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

4 tolak 5

Dak baik menolak orang macam tu!

Tawaran diskaun tiba-tiba itu ditolak oleh pelanggan yang tidak suka akan barang itu.

The sudden discount offer was rejected by the customer who was not fond of the product.


peluh

ms-noun

peluh (Jawi spelling ڤلوه, plural peluh-peluh)

> Indonesian: peluh (inherited)

sweat; bodily fluids ejected through the skin to cool down the body


keringat

keringat (Jawi spelling کريڠت, plural keringat-keringat)


stesen minyak

stesen minyak (plural stesen-stesen minyak)

gas station, petrol station, service station


Aljazair

الجزائر (Jawi)

→ Indonesian: Aljazair

(Indonesia) Algeria (a country in North Africa)


Turki

Borrowed from English Turkey, from Middle English Turkye, from Anglo-Norman Turkye, Medieval Latin Turcia, from Turcus (“Turk”), from Byzantine Greek Τοῦρκος (Toûrkos), from Classical Persian ترک (turk), from Middle Persian [script needed] (twlk' /Turk/), from Old Turkic 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜 (t²ür²k̥).

der

Southeastern Europe
Southeastern Europe#English

Turkey (a country located in Eastern Thrace in Southeastern Europe and Anatolia in western Asia)


abaimana

ms-noun

abaimana (Jawi spelling ابايمان, plural abaimana-abaimana)

ابايمان (Jawi)
abaimana-abaimana (plural)

Indonesian: abaimana


bihun

bihun (Jawi spelling بيهون, plural bihun-bihun)

Borrowed from Hokkien 米粉 (bí-hún). Compare Tagalog bihon, English bee hoon.


agung

> Indonesian: agung (inherited)

From Javanese ꦲꦒꦸꦁ (agung) (cognate with Sundanese ageung).


tadarus

tadarus (Jawi spelling تداروس, plural tadarus-tadarus)

(Islam) the act of reciting Quran together, usually in a mosque during Ramadhan


gembala

gembala (Jawi spelling ݢمبالا, plural gembala-gembala)

From Sanskrit गोपाल (gopāla, “cowherd, earth-protector”), possibly through a Middle Indo-Aryan language.


kembung

Indonesian: kembung

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kembuŋ (“swollen, filled out”). Cognate with Javanese kembung and Sasak kembung.

inh

Perut kembung

inflated, bloated; seeming big due to being filled up with air


wilayah

ms-noun

wilayah (Jawi spelling ولايه, plural wilayah-wilayah)

> Indonesian: wilayah (inherited)

→ Acehnese: wilayah

→ Tausug: wilaya'

(politics) territory, province, area or region

(Kelantan, Pattani) changwat, a province of Thailand


عمور

عمور (plural عمور-عمور or عمور٢)


kalimah

kalimah (Jawi spelling کلمه, plural kalimah-kalimah)


pondok

ڤوندوق (Jawi)

Indonesian: pondok

→ English: pondok

→ Hokkien: 盆洛 (phûn-lo̍k)

From Arabic فُنْدُق (funduq, “hotel”), from Ancient Greek πανδοκεῖον (pandokeîon).
* (Islamic boarding school): Semantic loan from Javanese.

A building for short-term stay; bungalow; cottage; lodge.

(Islam) An Islamic boarding school, primarily teaching Islam and the Qur'an, similar to other Islamic educational institutions, such as madrasah and maktab.


biang

(of animals, plants, etc.) parent, mother


tanduk

tanduk (Jawi spelling تندوق, plural tanduk-tanduk)

Indonesian: tanduk

Malagasy: tandroka


pungkur

pungkur (Jawi spelling ڤوڠکور, plural pungkur-pungkur)


tiup

Indonesian: tiup

From Proto-Malayic *t/iup, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tiup (“blowing on, fanning”). Cognate with Malagasy tsioka (“wind, breeze, air”) and Maori tiu (“north, north wind”).

inh

Logan meniup api itu untuk memadamkannya.

Meniup seruling

to make a sound with a sound instrument by blowing into it.


karikatur

ms-noun

karikatur (Jawi spelling کاريکاتور, plural karikatur-karikatur)

کاريکاتور (Jawi)
karikatur-karikatur (plural)


apung

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *apuŋ, from Proto-Austronesian *apuŋ (“float”). Cognate with Malagasy afona and Acehnese ampōŋ.


beku

having undergone the process of freezing; in ice form.

(of a bank account or assets, figurative) in a state such that transactions are not allowed.

unchanging; that cannot or does not change.

static:
stalled, no movement or advancement.


awang

awang (Jawi spelling اوڠ, plural awang-awang)

A familiar name or mode of address that applicable to a young person (mostly for man).


awang

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *awaŋ (“atmosphere, space between earth and sky.”), from the root *-waŋ (“wide-open space”). Doublet of awang-awang and awang-awangan, also awang-gemawang.

doublet

Atmosphere; airy interspace between earth and sky


suluh

ms-noun

suluh (Jawi spelling سولوه, plural suluh-suluh)

Indonesian: suluh

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *suluh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suluq.


suluh

Indonesian: suluh

Setiap orang dari mereka membawa jamung untuk menyuluh jalan di dalam gua itu.

They each carried a torch to light their way in the cave.

menyuluhi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

disuluhi [patient focus + causative benefactive]


bulat

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buled₂ (“round, spherical; rounded”).


lembut

North Moluccan Malay: lombo

Indonesian: lembut

Compare to Sundanese lembut and Tagalog lambot.


apabila

اڤابيلا (Jawi)
pabila (alternative)
bila (alternative proscribed)

> Indonesian: apabila (inherited)

→ Tausug: abila

Compound of apa (“what”) + bila (“when”).

com+

Apabila kamu bergerak ke sekolah, jangan lupa bawa fon sekali.

When you go to school, don't forget to bring your phone with you.


gawai

ms-noun

gawai (Jawi spelling ݢاواي, plural gawai-gawai)

From Old Javanese gaway (“work, task, occupation; work, product; feast, celebration; use, purpose”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gaway (“religious feast; festivity”). Compare with Javanese ꦒꦮꦺ (gawé, “work, use”), Iban gawa plus Tagalog gaway (“witchcraft”) and gawa (“work”).
* Sense of “gadget” is a semantic loan from Indonesian gawai.
* Sense of “celebration” is a semantic loan from Iban gawai in Borneo.

der

(Sarawak) celebration, particularly of the Iban harvest festival.


بستان

ms-noun

بستان (plural بستان-بستان or بستان٢)


polistirena

polistirena (Jawi spelling ڤوليستيرينا, plural polistirena-polistirena)

ڤوليستيرينا (Jawi)
polistirena-polistirena (plural)

(chemistry) A type of polymer which is used as a packaging material etc.; polystyrene.


ڤوليستيرينا

ڤوليستيرينا (plural ڤوليستيرينا-ڤوليستيرينا or ڤوليستيرينا٢)

ڤوليستيرينا-ڤوليستيرينا (plural)
ڤوليستيرينا٢ (plural)


juru

juru (Jawi spelling جورو, plural juru-juru)

Indonesian: juru

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zuRu (“corner; side, edge”).


کوس

ms-noun

کوس (plural کوس-کوس or کوس٢)


klasik

کلاسيک (Jawi)

Borrowed from English classic, from French classique, from Latin classicus.


gotong-royong

ݢوتوڠ - رويوڠ

gotong-royong (Jawi spelling ݢوتوڠ - رويوڠ)

ݢوتوڠ - رويوڠ (Jawi)
gotong royong (alternative)
ݢوتوڠ - رويوڠ (alternative)
ݢوتوڠ رويوڠ (alternative)

> Indonesian: gotong royong (inherited)

→ English: gotong royong

→ Iban: gutung-ruyung

Compound of Javanese gotong (“to carry”) + Javanese royong (“together”).

Cooperation by members of a community to achieve a common goal that is considered useful for the common good and welfare.


نوري

نوري (plural نوري-نوري or نوري٢)


seterika

seterika (Jawi spelling ستريک, plural seterika-seterika)

→ Central Dusun: troika

→ Semai: seterika


جيم

جيم (plural جيم-جيم or جيم٢)


زاوية

زاوية (plural زاوية-زاوية or زاوية٢)


وانيتا

وانيتا (plural وانيتا-وانيتا or وانيتا٢)

وانيتا-وانيتا (plural)
وانيتا٢ (plural)


قياس

قياس (plural قياس-قياس or قياس٢)


maniak

maniak (Jawi spelling مانياک, plural maniak-maniak)


klinik

From English clinic, from French clinique, from Late Latin clinicus (“a bed-ridden person, one baptized on a sick-bed, a physician”), from Ancient Greek κλινικός (klinikós, “pertaining to a bed”), from κλίνη (klínē, “bed”), from κλίνειν (klínein, “to lean, incline”).


telefon bimbit

ms-noun

تيليفون بيمبيت

telefon bimbit (Jawi spelling تيليفون بيمبيت, plural telefon-telefon bimbit)

تيليفون بيمبيت (Jawi)
telefon-telefon bimbit (plural)

telefon (“telephone”) + bimbit (“to hold something with one's fingers”) - the bimbit in this sense once referred to old portable telephone models that had to be carried around in the manner of suitcases.


ngan

Kau gi ngan siapa?

(colloquial) Alternative form of dengan.


langu

ms-noun

langu (Jawi spelling لاڠو, plural langu-langu)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laŋu, from Proto-Austronesian *laŋu (“dizzy; drunk”).


ضرورة

ms-noun

ضرورة (plural ضرورة-ضرورة or ضرورة٢)


singkek

Borrowed from Hokkien 新客 (sin-kheeh / sin-kheh, “newcomer”, literally “new guest”), a term used to refer to relatively new Chinese arrivals in Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia (as opposed to Peranakan) around the 1800s to 1900s, as compound of 新 (sin, “new; recently”) + 客 (kheh, “guest”). Compare Indonesian singkek, Tagalog singki.

compound

sengkek (alternative)
singke (alternative)
singkeh (alternative)


ufti

ms-noun

ufti (Jawi spelling اوفتي, plural ufti-ufti)

اوفتي (Jawi)
ufti-ufti (plural)
upeti (alternative)
upeti (alternative)

Tribute (payment made by one nation to another in submission)


dukun beranak

dukun beranak (Jawi spelling دوکون برانق, plural dukun-dukun beranak)

دوکون برانق (Jawi)
dukun-dukun beranak (plural)

Midwife (person who assists women in childbirth)


pengulin

pengulin (Jawi spelling ڤڠولين, plural pengulin-pengulin)

ڤڠولين (Jawi)
pengulin-pengulin (plural)


ultrakonservatif

ms-adj

اولتراکونسرۏاتيف

ultrakonservatif (Jawi spelling اولتراکونسرۏاتيف)

اولتراکونسرۏاتيف (Jawi)

Ultraconservative (conservative to an extreme)


anak tekak

ms-noun

anak tekak (Jawi spelling انق تکق, plural anak-anak tekak)

(anatomy) Uvula (appendage that hangs from the palate)


air kencing

air kencing (Jawi spelling اءير کنچيڠ, plural air-air kencing)

اءير کنچيڠ (Jawi)
air-air kencing (plural)

air (“water”) + kencing (“urination, urinate”).


air kecil

ms-noun

air kecil (Jawi spelling اءير کچيل, plural air-air kecil)

[äʲɪː kə.t͡ʃɪl]

(physiology, informal) Urine (liquid excrement)


air kemih

air kemih (Jawi spelling اءير کميه, plural air-air kemih)

air (“water”) + kemih (“urination, urinate”).


air seni

ms-noun

air seni (Jawi spelling اءير سني, plural air-air seni)

Indonesian: air seni


najis kecil

najis kecil (Jawi spelling نجيس کچيل, plural najis-najis kecil)

نجيس کچيل (Jawi)
najis-najis kecil (plural)


bangun-bangun

باڠون٢ (Jawi)


benang raja

benang raja (Jawi spelling بنڠ راج, plural benang-benang raja)

بنڠ راج (Jawi)
benang-benang raja (plural)


kuwung

kuwung (Jawi spelling کوووڠ, plural kuwung-kuwung)

کوووڠ (Jawi)
kuwung-kuwung (plural)
keluang (alternative)
keluwong (alternative)
kung (alternative)

Uncertain if the word was borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦸꦮꦸꦁ (kuwung) or if it is a cognate of Javanese ꦏꦸꦮꦸꦁ (kuwung).


ular danu

ular danu (Jawi spelling اولر دانو, plural ular-ular danu)

اولر دانو (Jawi)
ular-ular danu (plural)

(Kedah) rainbow (multicoloured arch in the sky)


ular mengiang

ular mengiang (Jawi spelling اولر مڠياڠ, plural ular-ular mengiang)

اولر مڠياڠ (Jawi)
ular-ular mengiang (plural)

(Minangkabau Malay) rainbow (multicoloured arch in the sky)


pengumpil

pengumpil (Jawi spelling ڤڠومڤيل, plural pengumpil-pengumpil)

ڤڠومڤيل (Jawi)
pengumpil-pengumpil (plural)


pengungkil

pengungkil (Jawi spelling ڤڠوڠکيل, plural pengungkil-pengungkil)

ڤڠوڠکيل (Jawi)
pengungkil-pengungkil (plural)


pengungkit

pengungkit (Jawi spelling ڤڠوڠکيت, plural pengungkit-pengungkit)

ڤڠوڠکيت (Jawi)
pengungkit-pengungkit (plural)


kandungan

kandungan (Jawi spelling کاندوڠن, plural kandungan-kandungan)

کاندوڠن (Jawi)
kandungan-kandungan (plural)

Indonesian: kandungan


kandung

kandung (Jawi spelling کاندوڠ, plural kandung-kandung)


kandung

کاندوڠ (Jawi)


rahim

rahim (Jawi spelling رهيم or رحم, plural rahim-rahim)

رهيم (Jawi)
رحم (Jawi)
rahim-rahim (plural)

Indonesian: rahim


kaviti abdomen

کاۏيتي ابدومن

kaviti abdomen (Jawi spelling کاۏيتي ابدومن, plural kaviti-kaviti abdomen)

کاۏيتي ابدومن (Jawi)
kaviti-kaviti abdomen (plural)

kaviti (“cavity”) + abdomen (“abdominal”).

compound

Abdominal cavity (hollow portion of the torso, containing abdominal organs)


rongga abdomen

ms-noun

بروڠݢ ابدومن

rongga abdomen (Jawi spelling بروڠݢ ابدومن, plural rongga-rongga abdomen)

بروڠݢ ابدومن (Jawi)
rongga-rongga abdomen (plural)

rongga (“cavity”) + abdomen (“abdominal”).


saraf abdusen

ms-noun

saraf abdusen (Jawi spelling صرف ابدوسن, plural saraf-saraf abdusen)

صرف ابدوسن (Jawi)
saraf-saraf abdusen (plural)


abduktor

abduktor (Jawi spelling ابدوکتور, plural abduktor-abduktor)

ابدوکتور (Jawi)
abduktor-abduktor (plural)

From New Latin abductor, from abductus + -or.

(anatomy) abductor (a muscle which serves to draw a part out, or from the median line of the body)


akromion

akromion (Jawi spelling اکروميون, plural akromion-akromion)

اکروميون (Jawi)
akromion-akromion (plural)

(anatomy) Acromion (outermost point of the shoulder blade)


aduktor

aduktor (Jawi spelling ادوکتور, plural aduktor-aduktor)


PAS

(politics) acronym of Parti Islam Se-Malaysia (“Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party”), an Islamist and conservative political party in Malaysia

gelombang hijau

"green wave", the growing support of PAS in Malaysian local elections


cepat

> Indonesian: cepat (inherited)

→ West Makian: capati

/ˈt͡ʃɔpɛk/ [ˈt͡ʃɔ.pɛʔ]


cepu

cepu (Jawi spelling چڤو, plural cepu-cepu)

Indonesian: cepu

desctree

→ Old Javanese: cupu
> Javanese: ꦕꦸꦥꦸ (cupu) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: cupu

→ Gayo: cerpu

a round-lidded vessel made out of silver or wood etc. to store betel, tobacco, gambier etc.


naib

ms-noun

naib (Jawi spelling ناءيب, plural naib-naib)


spesies

spesies (Jawi spelling سڤيسيس, plural spesies-spesies)

Borrowed from English species, from Latin speciēs.

(biology, taxonomy) A category in the classification of organisms, ranking below genus; a taxon at that rank.


omnivor

omnivor (Jawi spelling اومنيۏور, plural omnivor-omnivor)

اومنيۏور (Jawi)
omnivor-omnivor (plural)

Para manusia ialah omnivor.


pirit

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *apiRit (“type of finch, rice bird”).


pasport

pasport-pasport (plural)
paspor (alternative)

Either from English passport or Dutch paspoort, both forms directly attested in Kitab Vortaro in 1923.


کوڤيتيام

ms-noun

کوڤيتيام (plural کوڤيتيام-کوڤيتيام or کوڤيتيام٢)

کوڤيتيام-کوڤيتيام (plural)
کوڤيتيام٢ (plural)


kopitiam

kopitiam (Jawi spelling کوڤيتيام, plural kopitiam-kopitiam)

کوڤيتيام (Jawi)
kopitiam-kopitiam (plural)
kopi tiam (alternative)

Indonesian: kopitiam

→ English: kopitiam, kopi tiam


سامي

سامي (plural سامي-سامي or سامي٢)


rawa

rawa (Jawi spelling راوا, plural rawa-rawa)

From Western Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *rawaq (“swamp; morass”). Cognate with Javanese ꦫꦮ (rawa) and Tagalog lawa (“lake”).


kipas

ms-noun

kipas (Jawi spelling کيڤس, plural kipas-kipas)

> Indonesian: kipas (inherited)

→ Tausug: kipas


Jawa

bahasa Jawa: the Javanese language

Javanese - of the culture, language etc of people in the island of Java

Si abang pos yang kau kata "muka Jawa" tulah yang tolong jumpa beg tangan kau.

That postman that you call "ugly" was the same guy that found your purse.

(informal, Malaysia, derogatory) olive or tan-skinned – especially used by those of fair complexion


سني

سني (plural سني-سني or سني٢)


تول

تول (plural تول-تول or تول٢)


عزيمة

عزيمة (plural عزيمة-عزيمة or عزيمة٢)


dengki

> Indonesian: dengki (inherited)

→ Maguindanao: dengki

envious (being resentful due to jealousy)


taktik

taktik (Jawi spelling تکتيک, plural taktik-taktik)

Borrowed from English tactic, from New Latin tactica, from Ancient Greek τακτικός (taktikós, “fit for ordering”), from τάσσω (tássō, “to order, to arrange”).


alhamdulillah

الحمدلله (Jawi)

Borrowed from Arabic اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ (al-ḥamdu li-llāhi, literally “praise [be] to God”).

bor+

اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ

Alhamdulillah, majlis perkahwinan berjalan dengan lancar.

Thank God, the wedding ceremony went smoothly.

(Islam) Thank God (Said by someone who has just sneezed).


بولي

ms-noun

بولي (plural بولي-بولي or بولي٢)


تبل

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tebel (“thick, of objects; dense, of crowds”). Cognate with Javanese tebel.


حرمت

ms-noun

حرمت (plural حرمت-حرمت or حرمت٢)


ابرق

ابرق (plural ابرق-ابرق or ابرق٢)


بيني

بيني (plural بيني-بيني or بيني٢)


جاري

جاري (plural جاري-جاري or جاري٢)


دوري

دوري (plural دوري-دوري or دوري٢)


سيري

سيري (plural سيري-سيري or سيري٢)


سندي

سندي (plural سندي-سندي or سندي٢)


عبدي

عبدي (plural عبدي-عبدي or عبدي٢)


نصيب

نصيب (plural نصيب-نصيب or نصيب٢)


تمدون

تمدون (plural تمدون-تمدون or تمدون٢)


بنوا

بنوا (plural بنوا-بنوا or بنوا٢)


اولون

اولون (plural اولون-اولون or اولون٢)


dekor

Borrowed from English decor, from French décor, from Latin decor.

Decor:
The style of decoration of a room.


Hud

(Islam) The eleventh sura of the Qur'an.


Saleh

صالح (Jawi)
Salih (alternative)
Soleh (alternative)

From Arabic صَالِح (ṣāliḥ); the prophet's name literally means "pious."

(Islam) A prophet of Islam who prophesied to the people of Thamud.


adenium

adenium (Jawi spelling ادينيوم, plural adenium-adenium)


pinang

pinang (Jawi spelling ڤينڠ, plural pinang-pinang)

Indonesian: pinang

→ English: pinang

→ Hokkien: 檳榔／槟榔 (pin-nn̂g)

First attested in the Talang Tuo inscription, 684 AD, as Old Malay [script needed] (pinaṃ).


nasi lemak

ناسي لمق (Jawi)


کرن

کرن (plural کرن-کرن or کرن٢)


korunk

korunk cakap pew nie?

2023 February 23, seiferalmercy, lowyat.net, archived from the original on 2025-05-20:

(Internet slang, text messaging, rare) eye dialect spelling of korang


sadis

sadis (Jawi spelling ساديس, plural sadis-sadis)


sadis

keseronokan sadis


bobot

bobot (Jawi spelling بوبوت, plural bobot-bobot)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦧꦺꦴꦧꦺꦴꦠ꧀ (bobot, “weight; importance, significance”).


takwa

ms-noun

takwa (Jawi spelling تقوى, plural takwa-takwa)

تقوى (Jawi)
takwa-takwa (plural)
taqwa (alternative)
تقوى (alternative)

Indonesian: takwa

(Islam) taqwa: the care taken by a person to obey the commands of Allah.


اولس

اولس (plural اولس-اولس or اولس٢)


شفاء

شفاء (plural شفاء-شفاء or شفاء٢)


tiang

tiang (Jawi spelling تياڠ, plural tiang-tiang)

Indonesian: tiang

From Proto-Malayic *tiaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tihaŋ.

mast; pole; tower; pile; pier; staff; pillar; post; peg; column


قيصر

قيصر (plural قيصر-قيصر or قيصر٢)


kuat

From Arabic قُوَّة (quwwa, “power, strength, might, force”).

bor

Ahli bina badan itu sangat kuat.

Negara tersebut mempunyai angkatan tentera yang kuat.

Pemain catur menang kerana berjaya mendapat kedudukan yang kuat.

The chess player won because he managed to obtain a strong position.

Meja dia buatannya kuat.

Angin yang bertiup kuat telah menyebabkan semua kertas di atas meja itu diterbangkan.

The strong wind caused the papers on the table to fly away.

Dia tidak kuat menyertai maraton itu.

He doesn't have the strength to participate in the marathon.


haid

ms-noun

haid (Jawi spelling حيض, plural haid-haid)

→ Indonesian: haid

From Arabic حَيْض (ḥayḍ, “menstruation”).


alang

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *alaŋ-alaŋ (“insufficient, half-heartedly”).

inh

(colloquial) a form of address for a sibling that is neither the eldest nor the youngest.


pupur

ms-noun

pupur (Jawi spelling ڤوڤور, plural pupur-pupur)

From Old Javanese pupur (“cosmetic powder”)


pupur

(of a chicken) to roll and flap on the ground


mata-mata

Reduplication of mata (“eye”). From mata + mata.


mata-mata

mata-mata (Jawi spelling مات٢, plural banyak mata-mata)

> Indonesian: mata-mata (inherited)

desc

→ Cantonese: 馬打 /马打 (maa³ daa¹ / maa⁵ daa¹)

→ English: mata-mata

→ Hokkien: 馬打 /马打 (má-tâ / mā-tà)

→ Mandarin: 馬打 /马打 (mǎdǎ, mǎdá)

→ Teochew: 馬打 /马打 (ma¹ da⁶)

→ Thai: หมาต๋า (mǎa-dtǎa)

→? Vietnamese: mã tà


lepak

→ English: lepak

Near-synonym: menongkrong (Indonesia)

(intransitive) to loiter about casually or idly, to hang around unproductively, to laze around or relax.


lepak

> Indonesian: lepak (inherited)


lepak

> Indonesian: lepak (inherited)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ləpak. Onomatopoeic.


cuaca

ms-noun

cuaca (Jawi spelling چواچ, plural cuaca-cuaca)

Indonesian: cuaca

/ˈt͡ʃwat͡ʃə/

From Sanskrit स्वच्छ (svaccha, “clear; pellucid”).

der

Cuaca baik hari ini.


cuaca

/ˈt͡ʃwat͡ʃə/


tawas

ms-noun

tawas (Jawi spelling تاوس, plural tawas-tawas)

Indonesian: tawas

→ Cebuano: tawas

→ Tagalog: tawas

→ Waray-Waray: tawas


koyok

koyok (Jawi spelling کويوق, plural koyok-koyok)

Indonesian: koyok (“medicated patch”)

→ English: koyok (“quack medicine”)

From Hakka 膏藥／膏药 (kò-yo̍k, “herbal plaster, medicated patch, poultice”).


koyok

Indonesian: koyok

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kuyuk, from Proto-Austronesian *kuyuk. Doublet of kuyuk.


belimbing

ms-noun

belimbing (Jawi spelling بليمبيڠ, plural belimbing-belimbing)

بليمبيڠ (Jawi)
belimbing-belimbing (plural)

Indonesian: bêlimbing

→ English: belimbing

→ Tamil: பிலிம்பி (pilimpi)

→ Thai: ตะลิงปลิง (dtà-ling-bpling)


buka puasa

(Islam) The end of the daily fast on Ramadan, marked by a dinner.


gambar

gambar (Jawi spelling ݢمبر, plural gambar-gambar)


trisula

trisula (Jawi spelling تريسولا, plural trisula-trisula)

(Hinduism) the trident used by Hindu deities such as Shiva and Durga.


mantera

Alternative form of mantra(Jawi spellingمنترا)


universiti

universiti (Jawi spelling اونيۏرسيتي, plural universiti-universiti)

اونيۏرسيتي (Jawi)
universiti-universiti (plural)
universitas (alternative)
يونيباسيتي (alternative)

From English university, from Middle English universite (“institution of higher learning, body of persons constituting a university”) from Anglo-Norman université, from Old French universitei, from Medieval Latin stem of universitas, in juridical and Late Latin "A number of persons associated into one body, a society, company, community, guild, corporation, etc"; in Latin, "the whole, aggregate," from universus (“whole, entire”). Compare Tagalog unibersidad.

der

(Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore) A university.


pening

Indonesian: pening

→ Malagasy: fanina (“dizzy”)

Terasa pening aku selepas terhidu asap rokok.

I felt dizzy after I accidentally inhaled some cigarette smoke.

Pening aku baca karangan kau.


digraf

ms-noun

digraf (Jawi spelling ديݢرف, plural digraf-digraf)

(linguistics) A digraph; a pair of letters, especially a pair representing a single phoneme.


belitung

Coryphaena hippurus
Coryphaena hippurus#Translingual

dolphinfish, mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus)


jiran

jiran (Jawi spelling جيرن, plural jiran-jiran)

Indonesian: jiran

From Arabic جيران (jīrān), plural of جَار (jār, “neighbor”).

Jiran saya selalu memberi saya rendang.


genap

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gənəp, from Proto-Austronesian *gənəp.

Dua, empat, enam, lapan dan sepuluh ialah nombor genap.

Two, four, six, eight and ten are even numbers.


genap

> Indonesian: genap (inherited)

Sudah genap setahun semenjak peristiwa itu.

It has been exactly a year since the event.


istilah

istilah (Jawi spelling ايستيله, plural istilah-istilah)

Indonesian: istilah

der

Arabic اِصْطِلَاح (iṣṭilāḥ)


mulia

Golongan mulia

Membaca ialah amalan yang mulia.


lombong

ms-noun

lombong (Jawi spelling لومبوڠ, plural lombong-lombong)

Indonesian: lombong

→ Hokkien: 龍房／龙房 (liông-phông)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lumbuŋ, from Proto-Austronesian *lumbuŋ (“pit, deep cavity in the ground”).


seluruh

Seluruh alam semesta


kawah

ms-noun

kawah (Jawi spelling کاوه, plural kawah-kawah)

→ Cebuano: kawa

Indonesian: kawah


sifat

sifat (Jawi spelling صيفت, plural sifat-sifat)

Indonesian: sifat

→ Maranao: sipat

→ Sundanese: sipat

→ Tausug: sipat

→ West Makian: sifat


jannah

jannah (Jawi spelling جنة, plural jannah-jannah)


durjana

durjana (Jawi spelling درجنا, plural durjana-durjana)

Borrowed from Sanskrit दुर्जन (durjana, “malicious, evildoer”).


durjana

Indonesian: durjana


bola keranjang

ms-noun

bola keranjang (plural bola-bola keranjang)


suhu

suhu (Jawi spelling سوهو, plural suhu-suhu)


bina badan

bina (“build”) from Arabic بِنَاء (bināʔ, “building, construction”) + badan (“body”) from Arabic بَدَن (badan, “body, trunk”).


statik

ستاتيک (Jawi)


statik

ستاتيک (Jawi)
statis (alternative)
statika (alternative)


kelima

Siapakah yang dapat tempat kelima?


mi segera

mi segera (Jawi spelling مي سݢرا, plural mi-mi segera)


نسخه

نسخه (plural نسخه-نسخه or نسخه٢)


mabuk

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ma-buhuk, from Proto-Austronesian *ma-buSuk, from Proto-Austronesian *buSuk. Cognate with Pangasinan abuek, Eastern Cham ꨟꨝꨭꩀ (mưbuk).

Haram dari segi undang-undang memandu dalam keadaan mabuk.

It is illegal to drive in a drunken state.

mabuk duit

(figurative) having a strong liking towards something.


mabuk

Indonesian: mabuk


asrama

asrama (Jawi spelling اسراما, plural asrama-asrama)

From Sanskrit आश्रम (āśrama, “hermitage”).


semula

se- + mula: se- (“one, wholly”) + mula (“beginning”), from Sanskrit मूल (mūla), 'root; beginning'.


pinggang

ms-noun

pinggang (Jawi spelling ڤيڠݢڠ, plural pinggang-pinggang)


tuan-tuan dan puan-puan

From tuan (“mister”) and empuan (“lady”) (compare perempuan).

ladies and gentlemen
ladies and gentlemen


ranjang

ranjang (Jawi spelling رنجڠ, plural ranjang-ranjang)


pikir

Nativization of fikir, from Arabic فَكَّرَ (fakkara, “to think”).


gurun

gurun (Jawi spelling ݢورون, plural gurun-gurun)

Indonesian: gurun

Compare Central Melanau guun (“forest”), Kanowit gurun (“swamp”).


cantik

چنتيق (Jawi)
chantek (alternative)
cntek (alternative Internet)
cntik (alternative Internet)
cantek (alternative pronunciation-spelling)

Cantiknya perempuan itu!


cantik

"Ok, cikgu cakap boleh main bola." - "Cantik!"

"Ok, so the teacher says that we can play football" - "Awesome!"


kronik

Borrowed from English chronic, chronical, from Old French cronike, from Latin chronicus, from Ancient Greek χρονικός (khronikós, “of time”), from χρόνος (khrónos, “time”).


keselamatan

ms-noun

keselamatan (Jawi spelling کسلامتن, plural keselamatan-keselamatan)

کسلامتن (Jawi)
keselamatan-keselamatan (plural)


gadis

gadis (Jawi spelling ݢاديس, plural gadis-gadis)

kegadis-gadisan [reduplication + resemblance

(Indonesia) an animal which has never laid eggs or reproduced young


kelambu

kelambu (Jawi spelling کلمبو, plural kelambu-kelambu)

Indonesian: kelambu

→ Ilocano: kulambo

desctree

→ Dutch: klamboe
→ Aukan: kalambu
→ Sranan Tongo: klambu

→ Tagalog: kulambo

→ Tausug: kulambu'

→ Tok Pisin: klambu


kuali

ms-noun

kuali (Jawi spelling کوالي, plural kuali-kuali)

Indonesian: kuali

→ Tagalog: kawali

Borrowed from Tamil குவளை (kuvaḷai, “wide-mouthed vessel; cup”).


paduka

ms-noun

paduka (Jawi spelling ڤدوک, plural paduka-paduka)

Seri Paduka Baginda Yang di-Pertuan Agong (His Majesty, the Paramount Ruler).

His Majesty, Your Majesty (for a king or sultan).

Imam Paduka Tuan (The Honourable Senior Imam)

An address for a very respected person, the honourable.


nayaka

nayaka (Jawi spelling نياک, plural nayaka-nayaka)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦤꦪꦏ (nayaka, “leader, adviser, minister”), from Old Javanese nāyaka (“chief, leader, commander; foremost among, surpassing the others”), from Sanskrit नायक (nāyaka, “leader, governor”). Cognate with Thai นายก (naa-yók).

der

(archaic) minister: a politician who heads a ministry (national or regional government department for public service).


paksa

head

paksa (Jawi spelling ڤقسا, used in the form memaksa)

From Sanskrit पक्ष (pakṣa), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pakšás, from Proto-Indo-European *peg-só-s, from Proto-Indo-European *peg- (“breast”).


paksa

ms-noun

paksa (Jawi spelling ڤقسا, plural paksa-paksa)

memaksakan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dipaksakan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

keterpaksaan [agentless action + abstract


tarah

Indonesian: tarah

From Proto-Malayic *tarah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taʀaq, from Proto-Austronesian *taʀaq (“to hew wood with an adze”).

inh

planing with an adze; shaping, rough-hewing


gagal

Indonesian: gagal

Dia gagal dalam ujian lagi.


vegetarianisme

ms-noun

ۏيݢيتاريانيسمى

vegetarianisme (Jawi spelling ۏيݢيتاريانيسمى, plural vegetarianisme-vegetarianisme)

ۏيݢيتاريانيسمى (Jawi)
vegetarianisme-vegetarianisme (plural)

Borrowed from English vegetarianism. By surface analysis, vegetarian + -isme.


Korea Selatan

ms-proper noun

Korea Selatan (Jawi spelling کوريا سلاتن)

کوريا سلاتن (Jawi)

South Korea (a country in East Asia, comprising the southern part of the Korean Peninsula)


Korea Utara

کوريا اوتارا

Korea Utara (Jawi spelling کوريا اوتارا)

کوريا اوتارا (Jawi)

North Korea (a country in East Asia, whose territory consists of the northern part of Korea)