PDB

Polis Diraja Brunei
w:ms:Polis Diraja Brunei

(Brunei, law enforcement) Initialism of Polis Diraja Brunei (“Royal Brunei Police Force”)


ujan

From Proto-Malayic *hujan, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *hujan, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *hujan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quzan, from Proto-Austronesian *quzaN.

(dialect, Brunei) Alternative form of hujan (“rain”)


abab

ms-noun

abab (Jawi spelling ابب, plural abab-abab, informal 1st possessive ababku, 2nd possessive ababmu, 3rd possessive ababnya)

ابب (Jawi)
abab-abab (plural)
ababku (first-person informal possessive)
ababmu (possessive second-person)
ababnya (possessive third-person)

(Brunei) a type of musical instrument with two or three strings


Mac

From English March, from Middle English March(e), from Anglo-Norman Marche, from Old French marz, from Latin mārtius, from earlier Mavors.

(Malaysia, Brunei) March (third month of the Gregorian calendar)


DBP

Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Brunei
w:ms:Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Brunei

(Brunei) Initialism of Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Brunei (“Language and Literature Bureau”)


doktor

Borrowed from English doctor, from Middle English doctor, doctour (“an expert, authority on a subject”), from Anglo-Norman doctour, from Latin doctor (“teacher”), from doceō (“I teach”).

(Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore) a physician; a member of the medical profession; one who is trained and licensed to heal the sick or injured. The final examination and qualification may award a doctor degree in which case the post-nominal letters are D.O., DPM, M.D., DMD, DDS, in the US or MBBS in the UK.


poros

(Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore) porous, permeate


kertas

kertas (Jawi spelling کرتس, plural kertas-kertas, informal 1st possessive kertasku, 2nd possessive kertasmu, 3rd possessive kertasnya)

کرتس (Jawi)
kertas-kertas (plural)
kertasku (first-person informal possessive)
kertasmu (possessive second-person)
kertasnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: kertas

→ Khmer: ក្រដាស (krɑɑdaah)

→ Ternate: kartas

From Arabic قِرْطَاس (qirṭās), ultimately from Ancient Greek χάρτης (khártēs).
* Semantic loan from English paper for a set of examination questions.

(Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, education) a set of examination questions to be answered at one session.


polisi

polisi (Jawi spelling ڤوليسي, plural polisi-polisi, informal 1st possessive polisiku, 2nd possessive polisimu, 3rd possessive polisinya)

ڤوليسي (Jawi)
polisi-polisi (plural)
polisiku (first-person informal possessive)
polisimu (possessive second-person)
polisinya (possessive third-person)

From English policy, from Middle French policie, from Late Latin politia (“citizenship; government”), classical Latin polītīa (in Cicero), from Ancient Greek πολιτεία (politeía, “citizenship; polis, (city) state; government”), from πολίτης (polítēs, “citizen”).


kerajaan

ms-noun

kerajaan (Jawi spelling کراجاءن, plural kerajaan-kerajaan, informal 1st possessive kerajaanku, 2nd possessive kerajaanmu, 3rd possessive kerajaannya)

کراجاءن (Jawi)
kerajaan-kerajaan (plural)
kerajaanku (first-person informal possessive)
kerajaanmu (possessive second-person)
kerajaannya (possessive third-person)

Comparison of Standard Malay and Indonesian

Indonesian: kerajaan

(Brunei, Malaysia) government (an organisation which has the power to enact and legislate laws within its area of jurisdiction)


kirai

kirai (Jawi spelling کيراي, plural kirai-kirai, informal 1st possessive kiraiku, 2nd possessive kiraimu, 3rd possessive kirainya)

کيراي (Jawi)
kirai-kirai (plural)
kiraiku (first-person informal possessive)
kiraimu (possessive second-person)
kirainya (possessive third-person)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kiray (“eyebrow”).


misan

ms-noun

misan (plural misan-misan, informal 1st possessive misanku, 2nd possessive misanmu, 3rd possessive misannya)

misan-misan (plural)
misanku (first-person informal possessive)
misanmu (possessive second-person)
misannya (possessive third-person)

Likely related to nisan, from Persian نشان (nešân), نیشان (nišân, “sign, mark”), from Middle Persian nyšʾn' (nīšān, “sign, mark, banner”), nyš (nīš-).


RTB

Radio Televisyen Brunei
w:ms:Radio Televisyen Brunei

(Brunei, television, broadcasting) Initialism of Radio Televisyen Brunei, a state owned public broadcaster of Brunei Darussalam.


televisyen

ms-noun

télévisyen (Jawi spelling تيليۏيشن, plural televisyen-televisyen, informal 1st possessive televisyenku, 2nd possessive televisyenmu, 3rd possessive televisyennya)

télévisyen (canonical)
تيليۏيشن (Jawi)
televisyen-televisyen (plural)
televisyenku (first-person informal possessive)
televisyenmu (possessive second-person)
televisyennya (possessive third-person)

peti televisyen

drema televisyen

televisyen litar tertutup

“Ayah dan ibu tidak pernah memberi tekanan malah mereka memberi kebebasan kepada saya untuk menonton televisyen dan melayari internet. Namun sebulan menjelang UPSR, saya mengehadkan masa hanya antara satu jam hingga dua jam sahaja melayari internet dan melupakan televisyen.

2017 November 24, “Lupakan gajet, televisyen bawa kejayaan [Forgetting gadgets and television brings success]”, in Utusan Malaysia, archived from the original on 2017-11-23

"Father and mother never gave me stress and they even gave freedom for me to watch television and surf the internet.However, a month before the UPSR examination, I limited time to between one and two hours only to surf the Internet and forgot about television.

(Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore) television


kelabu

kelabu (Jawi spelling کلابو, plural kelabu-kelabu, informal 1st possessive kelabuku, 2nd possessive kelabumu, 3rd possessive kelabunya)

کلابو (Jawi)
kelabu-kelabu (plural)
kelabuku (first-person informal possessive)
kelabumu (possessive second-person)
kelabunya (possessive third-person)

> Indonesian: kelabu (inherited)


lokasi

lokasi (plural lokasi-lokasi, informal 1st possessive lokasiku, 2nd possessive lokasimu, 3rd possessive lokasinya)

lokasi-lokasi (plural)
lokasiku (first-person informal possessive)
lokasimu (possessive second-person)
lokasinya (possessive third-person)

Unadapted borrowing from Indonesian lokasi.

ubor

(Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore) Nonstandard form of lokesyen (“location”).


pangeran

ms-noun

pangeran (Jawi spelling ڤڠيرن, plural pangeran-pangeran, informal 1st possessive pangeranku, 2nd possessive pangeranmu, 3rd possessive pangerannya)

ڤڠيرن (Jawi)
pangeran-pangeran (plural)
pangeranku (first-person informal possessive)
pangeranmu (possessive second-person)
pangerannya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: pangeran

desc

→ Min Nan: 班奇蘭／班奇兰, 邦奇蘭／邦奇兰

→ Min Nan: 班奇蘭／班奇兰, 邦奇蘭／邦奇兰

Borrowed from Javanese ꦥꦔꦺꦫꦤ꧀ (pangéran, “Lord; prince”), from Old Javanese paṅeran (“younger person, prince, princess, wife, daughter”, literally “master, lord”) (compare to paṅheran (“waiting-place, dwelling-place”)). Doublet of pengiran.


motosikal

ms-noun

motosikal (Jawi spelling موتوسيکل, plural motosikal-motosikal, informal 1st possessive motosikalku, 2nd possessive motosikalmu, 3rd possessive motosikalnya)

موتوسيکل (Jawi)
motosikal-motosikal (plural)
motosikalku (first-person informal possessive)
motosikalmu (possessive second-person)
motosikalnya (possessive third-person)

(Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei) motorcycle


universiti

universiti (Jawi spelling اونيۏرسيتي, plural universiti-universiti, informal 1st possessive universitiku, 2nd possessive universitimu, 3rd possessive universitinya)

اونيۏرسيتي (Jawi)
universiti-universiti (plural)
universitiku (first-person informal possessive)
universitimu (possessive second-person)
universitinya (possessive third-person)

From English university. Compare Tagalog unibersidad.

(Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore) university


barah

barah (Jawi spelling باره, plural barah-barah, informal 1st possessive barahku, 2nd possessive barahmu, 3rd possessive barahnya)

باره (Jawi)
barah-barah (plural)
barahku (first-person informal possessive)
barahmu (possessive second-person)
barahnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: barah

From Proto-Malayic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀəq, from Proto-Austronesian *baʀəq (“abscess, boil, swelling on the body”).

inh

Penyakit kardiovaskular di Negara Brunei Darussalam kekal sebagai penyebab kedua tertinggi selepas barah, di mana ia menyumbang hampir 25 peratus kematian pada tahun 2018.

2020 November 22, Nooratini Haji Abas, “Penyakit kardiovaskular semakin meningkat dalam golongan muda”, in Pelita Brunei

Cardiovascular disease in Brunei Darussalam remains the second highest cause (of death) after cancer, where it accounted for nearly 25 percent of deaths in 2018.

Sebuah pusat barah bersepadu baru, yang dijangka dapat menyediakan rawatan bagi sekitar 1,800 pesakit setahun pada masa akan datang, telah dilancarkan di Hospital Mount Alvernia.

2023 January 18, Farid Hamzah, “Pusat barah bersepadu baru di Hospital Mount Alvernia”, in Berita Harian (Singapore)

A new integrated cancer centre, which is expected to provide treatment for around 1,800 patients a year in the future, has been launched at Mount Alvernia Hospital.

(esp. Riau, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei) cancer


gulai

ms-noun

gulai (Jawi spelling ݢولاي, plural gulai-gulai, informal 1st possessive gulaiku, 2nd possessive gulaimu, 3rd possessive gulainya)

ݢولاي (Jawi)
gulai-gulai (plural)
gulaiku (first-person informal possessive)
gulaimu (possessive second-person)
gulainya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: gulai

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gulay (“vegetable”); reconstructed by Robert Blust (compare Tagalog gúlay (“vegetable”), Lampung Api gulay (“to make soup”)).

menggulai-gulai [reduplication + agent focus]

menggulaikan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

digulaikan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

mempergulaikan [causative agent focus + causative benefactive]

dipergulaikan [causative passive focus + causative benefactive]


sekolah rendah

sekolah rendah (plural sekolah-sekolah rendah, informal 1st possessive sekolah rendahku, 2nd possessive sekolah rendahmu, 3rd possessive sekolah rendahnya)

sekolah-sekolah rendah (plural)
sekolah rendah ku (first-person informal possessive)
sekolah rendah mu (possessive second-person)
sekolah rendah nya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: sekolah rendah

Calque of Dutch lagere school with sekolah + rendah.

(Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore) primary school.


seksyen

seksyen (plural seksyen-seksyen, informal 1st possessive seksyenku, 2nd possessive seksyenmu, 3rd possessive seksyennya)

seksyen-seksyen (plural)
seksyenku (first-person informal possessive)
seksyenmu (possessive second-person)
seksyennya (possessive third-person)

From English section, from Old French section, from Latin sectio (“cutting, cutting off, excision, amputation of diseased parts of the body, etc.”), from sectus, past participle of secare (“to cut”). Cognate to Tok Pisin seksen, Tagalog seksyon, and Indonesian seksi.

der

(Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore) section:
A part, piece, subdivision of anything.

(Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore) section:
A part of a document.

(military) A group of 10-15 soldiers led by a non-commissioned officer and forming part of a platoon.


ugama

(Brunei, Singapore) Alternative spelling of agama


opsyen

ms-noun

opsyen (Jawi spelling اوڤشن, plural opsyen-opsyen, informal 1st possessive opsyenku, 2nd possessive opsyenmu, 3rd possessive opsyennya)

اوڤشن (Jawi)
opsyen-opsyen (plural)
opsyenku (first-person informal possessive)
opsyenmu (possessive second-person)
opsyennya (possessive third-person)

From English option, from French option, from Latin optiō (“choice; option; act of choosing”), from optō (“I choose, select”). Cognate to Tok Pisin opsen, Tagalog opsyon, and Indonesian opsi.


fesyen

ms-noun

fesyen (Jawi spelling فيشن, plural fesyen-fesyen, informal 1st possessive fesyenku, 2nd possessive fesyenmu, 3rd possessive fesyennya)

فيشن (Jawi)
fesyen-fesyen (plural)
fesyenku (first-person informal possessive)
fesyenmu (possessive second-person)
fesyennya (possessive third-person)

From English fashion, from Middle English facioun, from Anglo-Norman fechoun (compare Jersey Norman faichon), variant of Old French faceon, fazon, façon (“fashion, form, make, outward appearance”), from Latin factiō (“a making”), from faciō (“do, make”).


jurutera

jurutera (Jawi spelling جوروترا, plural jurutera-jurutera, informal 1st possessive juruteraku, 2nd possessive juruteramu, 3rd possessive juruteranya)

جوروترا (Jawi)
jurutera-jurutera (plural)
juruteraku (first-person informal possessive)
juruteramu (possessive second-person)
juruteranya (possessive third-person)

juru- + jentera (“machine, engine”). Compare Indonesian juru tera (“calibration technician”).

cog

(Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore) engineer a person who is qualified or professionally engaged in any branch of engineering.


posyen

ms-noun

posyen (Jawi spelling ڤوشن, plural posyen-posyen, informal 1st possessive posyenku, 2nd possessive posyenmu, 3rd possessive posyennya)

ڤوشن (Jawi)
posyen-posyen (plural)
posyenku (first-person informal possessive)
posyenmu (possessive second-person)
posyennya (possessive third-person)


fiksyen

fiksyen (Jawi spelling فيکشن, plural fiksyen-fiksyen, informal 1st possessive fiksyenku, 2nd possessive fiksyenmu, 3rd possessive fiksyennya)

فيکشن (Jawi)
fiksyen-fiksyen (plural)
fiksyenku (first-person informal possessive)
fiksyenmu (possessive second-person)
fiksyennya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from English fiction. Cognate to Tok Pisin fiksen and Tagalog fiksyon, doublet of fiksi.


divisyen

divisyen (Jawi spelling ديۏيشن, plural divisyen-divisyen, informal 1st possessive divisyenku, 2nd possessive divisyenmu, 3rd possessive divisyennya)

ديۏيشن (Jawi)
divisyen-divisyen (plural)
divisyenku (first-person informal possessive)
divisyenmu (possessive second-person)
divisyennya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from English division. Cognate to Tok Pisin divisen, Tagalog divisyon or dibisyon, and Indonesian divisi.

(Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore) division (commonly used in military and sports)


Hari Kebangsaan

(Brunei) National Day of Brunei, which is held on February 23.


lukut

lukut (Jawi spelling لوکوت, informal 1st possessive lukutku, 2nd possessive lukutmu, 3rd possessive lukutnya)

لوکوت (Jawi)
lukutku (first-person informal possessive)
lukutmu (possessive second-person)
lukutnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: lukut

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lukut, from Proto-Austronesian *lukuC (“parasitic plant sp.”).

inh

(Brunei, Sarawak) a large fern found on trees, Platycerium sp.


kapsyen

ms-noun

kapsyen (plural kapsyen-kapsyen, informal 1st possessive kapsyenku, 2nd possessive kapsyenmu, 3rd possessive kapsyennya)

kapsyen-kapsyen (plural)
kapsyenku (first-person informal possessive)
kapsyenmu (possessive second-person)
kapsyennya (possessive third-person)


opsyenal

اوڤشنل (Jawi)

Borrowed from English optional. By surface analysis, opsyen + -al. Cognate to Tagalog opsyonal and Indonesian opsional.

Penglibatan dalam permainan ini adalah opsyenal.


subseksyen

subseksyen (plural subseksyen-subseksyen, informal 1st possessive subseksyenku, 2nd possessive subseksyenmu, 3rd possessive subseksyennya)

subseksyen-subseksyen (plural)
subseksyenku (first-person informal possessive)
subseksyenmu (possessive second-person)
subseksyennya (possessive third-person)

(Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore) subsection


kusyen

kusyen (Jawi spelling کوشن, plural kusyen-kusyen, informal 1st possessive kusyenku, 2nd possessive kusyenmu, 3rd possessive kusyennya)

کوشن (Jawi)
kusyen-kusyen (plural)
kusyenku (first-person informal possessive)
kusyenmu (possessive second-person)
kusyennya (possessive third-person)

(Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore) A cushion.


misyen

misyen (plural misyen-misyen, informal 1st possessive misyenku, 2nd possessive misyenmu, 3rd possessive misyennya)

misyen-misyen (plural)
misyenku (first-person informal possessive)
misyenmu (possessive second-person)
misyennya (possessive third-person)

From English mission. Cognate to Tok Pisin misen, Tagalog misyon, and Indonesian misi.


ambat

ambat (plural ambat-ambat, informal 1st possessive ambatku, 2nd possessive ambatmu, 3rd possessive ambatnya)

ambat-ambat (plural)
ambatku (first-person informal possessive)
ambatmu (possessive second-person)
ambatnya (possessive third-person)

From Brunei Malay ambat. Compare with hambat.


lokesyen

lokesyen (plural lokesyen-lokesyen, informal 1st possessive lokesyenku, 2nd possessive lokesyenmu, 3rd possessive lokesyennya)

lokesyen-lokesyen (plural)
lokesyenku (first-person informal possessive)
lokesyenmu (possessive second-person)
lokesyennya (possessive third-person)

From English location. Cognate to Tagalog lokasyon and Indonesian lokasi.


pendidikan fizikal

Compound of pendidikan (“education”) + fizikal (“physical”).

com+

physical education
physical education#English


ABDB

Angkatan Bersenjata Diraja Brunei
w:ms:Angkatan Bersenjata Diraja Brunei

(Brunei, military) Initialism of Angkatan Bersenjata Diraja Brunei (“Royal Brunei Armed Forces”).


TLDB

Tentera Laut Diraja Brunei
w:ms:Tentera Laut Diraja Brunei

(Brunei, military, nautical) Initialism of Tentera Laut Diraja Brunei (“Royal Brunei Navy”).