palang

Indonesian: palang

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *palaŋ. Cognate with Iban palang, Kelabit palang and Javanese ꦥꦭꦁ (palang, “obstacle, thwart”).

cog

(transitive) To install a crossbar or crosspiece on something.

(transitive) To mark a cross on something.


berbau

برباءو (Jawi)

Baju ini agak berbau.

Makanan ini berbau sedap.

(transitive) to have the smell of something or some quality

mesej berbau kebencian

(transitive) to possess a quality of something


mengabadikan

Formal active of abadikan (“to immortalize; to eternalize”).


mempersuamikan

to make someone become someone's husband


tatal

From (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tatal (“wood chips”). Cognate with Tagalog tatal.

inh

Tatal ke bawah


langkah

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laŋkaq (compare Niuean laka, Samoan laʻa).

Mengajar anak melangkah.


menang

memenangi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

memenangkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]


songlap

(slang) To make something disappear, as though in performance magic (i.e. To magic away something)

(slang) To embezzle and launder public funds


bertiup

(intransitive) to blow (to produce an air current)


menyesal

Indonesian: menyesal

North Moluccan Malay: manyasal


tutup

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tutup (“to cover”). Cognate with Tagalog tutóp (“covered with the hand; caught in the act, caught red-handed”).

cog

Tutup balang biskut itu sekarang!

Selalunya pada pukul berapa Cik Putih tutup kedainya?

Usually, at what time does Mr. Putih close his shop?


meletakkan

ملتقکن (Jawi)


jaya

menjayakan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dijayakan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

terjayakan [agentless action + causative benefactive]


hirup

Indonesian: hirup

From Proto-Malayic *(h)irup, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hiʀup, from Proto-Austronesian *Siʀup.


pasang

to light or turn on (e.g. a lamp, appliance, etc.)


fahami

head

fahami (Jawi spelling فهمي, active memahami, 3rd person passive difahami)

فهمي (Jawi)
memahami (active)
difahami (passive third-person)

to understand:
to understand the meaning of something


pakal

memakal perahu yang bocor


kenyataan

کڽاتاءن (Jawi)


menyatakan

مڽاتاکن (Jawi)

Indonesian: menyatakan

Kesan Coriolis dinyatakan oleh Harith dengan pantas.

The Coriolis effect was explained quickly by Harith.

Wahai Tuhanku, nyatakanlah kebesaran-Mu supaya tidak terpesong kepercayaanku.

Oh God, show me Your might so that my beliefs are not led astray.

To show; to make something able to be seen or heard.

Daniel sudah banyak kali menyatakan keinginannya untuk menukarkan bidang pengajiannya.

Daniel has stated many times his desire to change his field of study.


lompat

> Indonesian: lompat (inherited)

From (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lumpat.


melainkan

> Indonesian: melainkan (inherited)

→ Tausug: malayngkan


fikiri

fikiri (Jawi spelling فيکيري, active memikiri, 3rd person passive difikiri)

فيکيري (Jawi)
memikiri (active)
difikiri (passive third-person)
pikiri (alternative)


murka

From Sanskrit मूर्ख (mūrkha, “stupid, foolish, blockhead”).

der

(intransitive) (of a king, authority, or God) to be wrathful, to be very angry


campur

Indonesian: campur

→ Maranao: sambor

mencampuri [agent focus + causative benefactive]

mencampurkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

percampuran [causative passive + resultative

Campurkan telur, susu dan mentega dalam mangkuk besar.

Mix the egg(s), milk and butter in a large bowl.

Esok pagi, kami akan mencampur katil-katil ini ke bekalan kami.

Tomorrow morning, we will add these beds to our stock.

(informal) to add (sum up or put together mentally)


pasak

Indonesian: pasak

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pasək, from Proto-Austronesian *pasək. Doublet of pacak.

to fasten or tighten with a bolt, peg or wedge

memasakkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dipasakkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


bubut

Indonesian: bubut

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *butbut, from Proto-Austronesian *buCbuC.


tular

> Indonesian: tular (inherited)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦠꦸꦭꦂ (tular, “to spread the disease”), from Old Javanese tular (“to move”).

bor

Penyakit itu menular dengan sangat cepat.

Sebuah video bayi bermain catur menular baru-baru ini.

A video of a baby playing chess went viral recently.

(social media, except Indonesia) to go viral

social media; except Indonesia; social media; except Indonesia


tanggal

Indonesian: tanggal

From (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taŋgal.

menanggalkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

menanggali [agent focus + causative benefactive]

ditanggalkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

ditanggali [patient focus + causative benefactive]


tahniah

تهنيئه (Jawi)

From Arabic تَهْنِئَة (tahniʔa, “congratulation”).


diri

Indonesian: diri

From Proto-Malayic *diri, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hadiʀi, from Proto-Austronesian *Sadiʀi.

mendirikan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

didirikan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


jamin

Indonesian: jamin

Borrowed from Classical Persian ضامن (zāmin), from Arabic ضَامِن (ḍāmin, “guarantor, warrantor, one who guarantees”).

der

keterjaminan [agentless action + abstract


larang

head

larang (Jawi spelling لارڠ, formal active melarang, 3rd person passive dilarang)

لارڠ (Jawi)
melarang (active formal)
dilarang (passive third-person)

Indonesian: larang

→ Malagasy: rarana

→ Old Javanese: laraṅ

Javanese: larang

From Proto-Austronesian *laʀaŋ (“to forbid”).

Pengunjung premis makanan dilarang merokok.

Visitors to food premises are forbidden from smoking.

Cikgu melarang kita menggunakan kalkulator semasa ujian.

The teacher forbids us from using a calculator during the test.

(ditransitive, transitive) To forbid, to not allow.


berfaedah

Jangan menganggap bahawa nasihat ibu bapa tidak berfaedah.

Do not assume that parental advise is useless (lit. "is not useful")

to be advantageous, to be useful, to be profitable


mencari

ms-verb

mencari (Jawi spelling منچاري, transitive)

منچاري (Jawi)


nyahpepijat

nyah- (“de-”) + pepijat (“bug (computing)”).

compound

debug (detecting and fixing errors on computer software and hardware)


sulur

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sulur (compare Hawaiian ulu).


lewat

From Proto-Malayic *liwat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaliwat (compare Javanese liwat and Maori rewa).


undi

> Indonesian: undi (inherited)

→ Tausug: undi'

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦶ (undhi, “to decide by lot”), from Old Javanese uṇḍi (“ball”), from Tamil உண்டை (uṇṭai, “ball, dice”).


tauk

(dialectal, Temuan) Alternative form of tahu (“to know”)


kencing

> Indonesian: kencing (inherited)

mengencingi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dikencingi [patient focus + causative benefactive]


reformasi

head

reformasi (Jawi spelling ريفورماسي, active mereformasi, 3rd person passive direformasi)

ريفورماسي (Jawi)
mereformasi (active)
direformasi (passive third-person)

From Indonesian reformasi, from Dutch reformatie, from Middle Dutch reformacie, from Latin refōrmātiō.


mengutarakan

(transitive) to propose, to submit, to advance (to put forward for consideration or discussion)


samun

samun (Jawi spelling سامون, active menyamun, 3rd person passive disamun)

سامون (Jawi)
menyamun (active)
disamun (passive third-person)


sarap

Borrowed from Indonesian sarap, from Javanese ꦱꦫꦥ꧀ (sarap, “lining”).

menyarapi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

Katil itu disarapi dengan kain putih.


tebus

Indonesian: tebus

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təbus. Compare Tagalog tubos and Toba Batak tobus.

Lebih 280,000 surat telah dihantar kepada isi rumah di Singapura bagi memaklumkan mereka agar menebus baucar pengangkutan awam $30 yang boleh digunakan untuk menokok kad tambang atau membeli pas konsesi bulanan. Semua baucar mesti ditebus menjelang 31 Mac 2023.

2022 January 4, “Lebih 280,000 surat dihantar ke isi rumah agar tebus baucar pengangkutan awam $30”, in Berita Harian Singapura:

Over 280,000 letters have been sent to households in Singapore informing them to redeem $30 public transport vouchers that can be used to top up fare cards or to purchase monthly concession passes. All vouchers must be redeemed by March 31, 2023.

Katanya, rumah kebajikan berkenaan pula akan mendapatkan mata ganjaran yang boleh ditebus dengan wang tunai mengikut barang-barang yang diserahkan tersebut.

2022 April 20, Afifi Hafiz Mohd Nor, “Infak barangan kitar semula, bantu rumah kebajikan tebus wang tunai”, in Utusan Malaysia:

He said, the welfare home will get reward points that can be redeemed with cash according to the items handed over.


banci

banci (Jawi spelling بنچي, active membanci, 3rd person passive dibanci)

بنچي (Jawi)
membanci (active)
dibanci (passive third-person)

There are a number of theories as to where this word originated:
# From Chinese.
# From Sanskrit पञ्जी (pañjī, “almanac; calendar; register”). Compare Thai บัญชี (ban-chii), Khmer បញ្ជី (bɑɑbɑñcii), Javanese wanci (“time”).


menyampah

مڽامڤه (Jawi)

"Bagi saya hubungan kami berjalan dengan baik dan tidak ada apa-apa yang hendak disorokkan. Sebabnya kalau lagi disorok sesuatu hubungan itu, saya takut nanti orang akan menyampah. Kenapa perlu berahsia kerana lambat laun orang akan tahu juga nanti," katanya lagi.

2013 May 21, Abd. Aziz Itar, “Tidak mahu orang menyampah”, in Utusan Malaysia, archived from the original on 2018-10-14:

"To me the relationship is going well and there is nothing to hide. Because if I were to continue to hide the relationship, I fear that people would hate (me). Why keep a secret when people would eventually know," he says.

Guru besar berasa menyampah melihat bekas muridnya yang mempunyai rambut berwarna ganjil.

The headmaster felt disgusted to see his former student with brightly colored hair.

(literary, intransitive) to feel disgusted or repelled upon (usually caused by unpleasant sight or smell)

(colloquial, intransitive) to disturb somebody

(obsolete, intransitive) to resemble rubbish in appearance


membebaskan

ممبيبسکن (Jawi)

(transitive) to free; to set free; to set at liberty; to release; to grant freedom


capati

head

capati (Jawi spelling چڤاتي, formal active mencapati, 3rd person passive dicapati)

چڤاتي (Jawi)
mencapati (active formal)
dicapati (passive third-person)

British mencapati janji mereka dengan Arab.

The British broke their promise with the Arabs.


abonemen

abonemen (Jawi spelling ابونمين, also used in the form berabonemen)

ابونمين (Jawi)
berabonemen (also used-in-the-form)

From Indonesian abonemen, from Dutch abonnement (“subscription”), from French abonnement.


musnah

ms-verb

musnah (Jawi spelling موسنه, transitive)

memusnahkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dimusnahkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


percaya

Kau percaya ke apa yang dia kata?

(informal) Alternative form of mempercayai or percayai.


daki

From Proto-Austronesian *dakiS (“climb, ascend”).

inh

mendakikan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

didakikan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

Mendaki gunung

Roket itu sedang mendaki.


membesar

Affixation of meng- + besar (“big, adult (grown up)”).

Mengapakah bayang-bayang kita membesar pada waktu awal pagi dan waktu lewat petang?

Why do our shadows get bigger in the early morning and in the late afternoon?

(intransitive) to become bigger or to increase in size

Saya membesar dekat Amerika Syarikat.

(intransitive, figurative) to be arrogant


mengacau

ms-verb

mengacau (Jawi spelling مڠاچاو, transitive)

مڠاچاو (Jawi)

Indonesian: mengacau

Kami bergilir-gilir mengacau dodol selama lapan jam.

We took turns to stir the dodol for eight hours.

to stir a mixture until its composition becomes even

(figurative) to disturb; to agitate; to stir


ganggu

Indonesian: ganggu

→ Hokkien: 愣㥥 (gāng-gu)

Infinitive of mengganggu (“to disturb; to bother; to prevent”).


periksa

ڤريقسا (Jawi)

> Indonesian: periksa (inherited)

→ Tagalog: paligsa

From Classical Malay pariksa, from Sanskrit परीक्षा (parīkṣā, “inspection, investigation, examination, test”).


asmara

Indonesian: asmara

to make love, to fornicate, to engage in sex


menjelaskan

منجلسکن (Jawi)


tenggelam

Indonesian: tenggelam

menenggelami [agent focus + causative benefactive]

menenggelamkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

to submerge, to sink (under water; disappear from surface or eye-sight)

(literature) to set (of sun; into the sea)


perlu

Indonesian: perlu

From Arabic فَرْض (farḍ, “obligation”). Doublet of fardu.

Kamu perlu makan sekarang!

Kamu perlu satu buah kereta saja.


kemudi

Indonesian: kemudi

→ Urak Lawoi': เกอมูดี (kemudi)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kama-udəhi affixing *udəhi; also analyzable as mudi + ke- (compare with keluar). Doublet of mudi, mudik, and udi.

mengemudikan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dikemudikan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


bahas

head

bahas (Jawi spelling بحث, active membahas, 3rd person passive dibahas)

بحث (Jawi)
membahas (active)
dibahas (passive third-person)
bahath (alternative)

Isu ini dibahas di parlimen minggu lepas.

This issue was debated in parliament last week.

(transitive) To examine, to investigate.


acak

First-person and second-person passive of mengacak.


ikut

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ikuD, from Proto-Austronesian *ikuD. Compare Tagalog ikot.


ms-verb

masuk telinga kanan, keluar telinga kiri

Literally, “going inside the left ear then going outside the right ear.”

literally

go in one ear and out the other
go in one ear and out the other

(idiomatic) to go in one ear and out the other


barek

(dialectal) to unpack with unorganized manner

(dialectal) to search about while creating a mess


himpun

ms-verb

himpun (Jawi spelling هيمڤون, transitive)

From Classical Malay هيمڤون (himpun), from Proto-Malayic *himpun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qi(m)pun. Cognate to Tagalog ipon.

perhimpunan [causative passive + resultative

dihimpunkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


gerek

to bore (to make a hole through something)

menggerekkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]


pakai

Kau nanti nak pakai baju apa untuk Raya?

What clothes are you gonna wear for Hari Raya?

Daniel tulis khat pakai pen biasa je eh tadi?

Did Daniel write in khat using only a normal pen?


tumpah

Ultimately from Western Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tumpaq.


berdiri

to stand (to support oneself on the feet in an erect position)


berhenti

desctree

North Moluccan Malay: barenti, berenti, brenti
→ West Makian: barenti


berubah

> Indonesian: berubah (inherited)

desc

→ Tausug: baluba (“to fade; to be broken especially in agreement or promise”)


berharap

برهارڤ (Jawi)


bermain

Indonesian: bermain

⇒ North Moluccan Malay: barmaeng

Apakah kau bermain bola keranjang?


memimpin

to lead, to conduct, to head, to guide, to direct


selamatkan

to help someone survive, or rescue someone

(theology) to redeem or protect someone from eternal damnation


menjual

Indonesian: menjual

(transitive, inanimate) to sell, to market


ukur baju di badan sendiri

ms-verb

اوكور باجو د بادن سنديري

cut one's coat according to one's cloth
cut one's coat according to one's cloth

(idiomatic) to cut one's coat according to one's cloth


bayangkan

head

bayangkan (Jawi spelling بايڠکن, active membayangkan, 3rd person passive dibayangkan)

بايڠکن (Jawi)
membayangkan (active)
dibayangkan (passive third-person)
bayang-bayangkan (alternative)

to imagine (form a mental image of something)


berkenan

Indonesian: berkenan

Sultan Muhammad V berkenan menandatangani buku tetamu.

2019, Akmaliah Razak, “Sultan Kelantan rasmi Hospital Sultan Ismail Petra Kuala Krai”, in Sinar Harian:

Sultan Muhammad V consented to sign the guest book.


kenan

mengenani [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dikenani [patient focus + causative benefactive]


menurunkan

menurunkan pangkat

(transitive) to make something go down, to lower

Mungkinkah bakatnya diturunkan daripada ayahnya?

Could it be that he inherited his talent from his father?

(transitive) to pass down, to make someone inherit (a trait etc.)


hadang

From (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qadaŋ.


selak

Variant of silak from Sanskrit शील (śīla, “conduct, beauty, form, virtue”). Doublet of sila.

der

to open, to uncover, to pull up (of fabric, curtains)

to flick the pages of a book, to scroll or swipe on a phone's touchscreen


selak

From Javanese ꦱꦼꦭꦏ꧀, ꦱꦼꦊꦏ꧀ (selak, selek, “on the verge of, about to”, literally “to be choking”), from Old Javanese sĕlĕk, slĕk (literally “choke”), probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *cʔə(ə)ʔ ~ *cʔə(ə)k ~ *cʔak (“to hiccough, belch”) (compare to Khmer ត្អើក (tʼaək, “hiccup”), Vietnamese nấc (“to hiccup”). Doublet of sedak and sedu.

ꦱꦼꦭꦏ꧀, ꦱꦼꦊꦏ꧀


layang

Indonesian: layang

→ Madurese: lajâng


jahit

Indonesian: jahit

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *jahit, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaqit.

menjahit-jahit [reduplication + agent focus]

menjahitkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dijahit-jahit [reduplication + patient focus]

dijahitkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


luncur

لونچور (Jawi)

Indonesian: luncur

Probably from Portuguese lançar. Doublet of lancar.

meluncurkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

meluncuri [agent focus + causative benefactive]

diluncurkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

diluncuri [patient focus + causative benefactive]


mengorat

mengorat awek

cara mengorat wanita

to hit on (to approach and speak to someone, seeking romance, love, sex, etc.)


semadi

Indonesian: semadi

From Sanskrit समाधि (samādhi, “concentration, tomb”).


kasmaran

کسمارن (Jawi)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦱ꧀ꦩꦫꦤ꧀ (kasmaran). Doublet of کسمارن (kesmaran). Equivalent to asmara + ke- -an.

doublet

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">kesmaran</i>


jeda

Indonesian: jeda

Bolehkah saya berjeda seketika?

Minta jedakan video tu sekejap.


analisis

head

analisis (Jawi spelling اناليسيس, active menganalisis, 3rd person passive dianalisis)

اناليسيس (Jawi)
menganalisis (active)
dianalisis (passive third-person)
analisa (alternative)


parkir

parkir (Jawi spelling ڤرکير, active memarkir, 3rd person passive diparkir)

ڤرکير (Jawi)
memarkir (active)
diparkir (passive third-person)

Borrowed from Indonesian parkir, from Dutch parkeer, parkeren.

Si bangang itu memarkir motosikalnya di laluan pejalan kaki.

That idiot parked his motorcycle on the footpath.

(ambitransitive) to park, halt and leave a vehicle in a spot.


berswafoto

From ber- + swafoto, borrowed from Indonesian berswafoto.

Biarpun tidaklah berswafoto menggunakan kamera, tetapi mereka tetap memberikan senyuman paling manis agar dapat dirakamkan.

2019, Hilal Azmi, “Swafoto yang telah mencairkan seluruh dunia”, in Astro Awani:

Even without a camera, they still give the sweetest smile for their selfie.


membawang

ممباوڠ (Jawi)


tahfiz

der

Arabic تَحْفِيظ (taḥfīẓ)


menghadap

مڠهادڤ (Jawi)

Indonesian: menghadap

(transitive) to face (position oneself/itself towards)


kirim

Indonesian: kirim


siram

> Indonesian: siram (inherited)

menyiramkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

menyirami [agent focus + causative benefactive]

disiramkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

disirami [patient focus + causative benefactive]


biar

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bihaʀ. Cognate to Acehnese bieuë and Tagalog bihag.

Biar dia pergi seorang diri kalau dia berani sangat.

Let him go by himself if he's so brave to do it.


jumpa

Sampai jumpa nanti!


tetap

Indonesian: tetap

According to Dempwolf (1938), from Proto-Austronesian *tetep (“firm, fixed”).


basuh

> Indonesian: basuh (inherited)

From Proto-Malayic *basuh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *basuq, from Proto-Austronesian *basuq. Cognates Minangkabau basuah and Kulon-Pazeh bazu’.

Sentiasa basuh sarung tangan dan but getah serta tangan dengan sabun dan air.

Always wash the gloves and rubber boots as well as your hands with soap and water.


bantah

> Indonesian: bantah (inherited)


kayuh

Indonesian: kayuh


beratur

براتور (Jawi)


petik

Indonesian: petik

From Proto-Malayic *pətik, from Proto-Austronesian *pəCik (“snap, as the fingers or a slingshot”).. Compare with Tagalog pitik.

Memetik bunga hobi saya.

Petikan ini dipetik daripada buku Hikayat Hang Tuah.

This passage was taken from the book Hikayat Hang Tuah.

to take; to quote (of a passage, text etc.)


kerah

From Arabic إِكْرَاه (ʔikrāh, “coercion, compulsion”).

der

to draft, to conscript: to demand military service as mandated by a government


jual

Indonesian: jual

Unclear origin. Compare Cebuano duhul (“convey something to someone by hand”), Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɟ(u)l ~ *ɟiəl (“to buy”), whence Riang jɛl².


hentak

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qetak “to slam down, ram down” (cognate with Manggarai tak “to hit with something, to hammer” and Toba Batak ontak “to pound, of the pulse”); doublet of entak and antak.


ampun

Chinese: 安半

Indonesian: ampun

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampun (“pardon, forgiveness”) (Compare Sundanese ampun (“pardon, forgiveness”), Old Javanese ampun (“show mercy toward, receive with favor”)).

cog

Ampunilah aku, wahai Tuhanku!

free someone from a punishment (that was because of a sin or an illicit act)


gosok

→ Macanese: gossô


taubat

Jika kamu ada berbuat salah, maka taubatlah.


bantai

ms-verb

bantai (Jawi spelling بنتاي, transitive)

> Indonesian: bantai (inherited)

to slaughter; to cut off (animal's neck).


sembahyang

head

sembahyang (Jawi spelling سمبهيڠ, formal form bersembahyang)

سمبهيڠ (Jawi)
form bersembahyang (formal)

Compound of sembah (“worship”) + yang (“deity”).

com+

Informal form of bersembahyang (“to pray”).


nyahserpih

ڽهسرڤيه (Jawi)


menyahserpih

مڽهسرڤيه (Jawi)


berani

Indonesian: berani

→ Cebuano: balani

zh-l

布拉尼 (Bùlāní)

→ Chinese: 布拉尼 (Bùlāní)

desctree

→ Javanese: ꦧꦿꦤꦶ (brani)
→ Peranakan Indonesian: brani

From Proto-Malayic *bərani, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀani (“brave, bold; dare to do”).

inh

memberanikan [agent focus + causative benefactive]


samak

From (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *samak, Macaranga tanarius. Tanning sense comes from the tannins produced in its bark for such activities.


caj

Borrowed from English charge. Doublet of cas.

to charge (demand payment for a service)


tiduk

(Ketapang, Sanggau) Alternative spelling of tidur (“to sleep”)


tidok

(Pontianak) Alternative spelling of tidur (“to sleep”)


bayar

> Indonesian: bayar (inherited)

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *bajaɣ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bayaD. Cognate with Tagalog bayad.

Bila kau nak bayar hutang kau, ah?!

When are you gonna pay your debts, huh?!


kepal

Related to gumpal “to clump, coagulate, to crumple”.

to ball up (of rice, ice, snow), to form something into a ball


tampal

Inherited from Proto-Malayic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tapəl (“a patch, as on clothing”), from Proto-Austronesian *Capəl (“a patch; to patch”).

Tampal gambar tentang hobi kamu di dalam buku latihan kamu.

Paste a picture about your hobby in your activity book.

menampalkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

menampali [agent focus + causative benefactive]

ditampalkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

ditampali [patient focus + causative benefactive]


bergeming

برݢميڠ (Jawi)

(dialectal, Sukadana, Pontianak) to make a noise

(dialectal, Asahan, Bilah Panai, Langkat, Serdang) to not budge; to not move; to remain motionless

(dialectal, Batavian Malay) to change or move slightly; to budge


kubur

From Arabic قُبُور (qubūr), plural of قَبْر (qabr).


merokok

مروکوق (Jawi)

Tiga orang murid ditangkap merokok di dalam bilik air.

Three students have been caught smoking in the toilet.


ejek

Sakit kena ejek kawan.

It hurts to get made fun of by your friends.


lawan

head

lawan (Jawi spelling لاون, active melawan, 3rd person passive dilawan)

لاون (Jawi)
melawan (active)
dilawan (passive third-person)

Indonesian: lawan

desc

through <i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">melawan</i>

⇒ North Moluccan Malay: malawang (through melawan)

From Proto-Malayic *laban, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laban (“oppose, go against someone”). Cognate with Tagalog laban and Javanese lawan.
Attested in the Kota Kapur inscription, 686 AD, as Old Malay [script needed] (lavan).

inh

(transitive) To compare with (to be of similar quality or level).

(transitive) To serve, to give one's attention to.


peluk

Indonesian: peluk

⇒ North Moluccan Malay: polo

From Proto-Malayic *pəluk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pəluk (“bend, curve”).

Bahaya memeluk orang yang dijangkiti dengan penyakit ebola.

It is dangerous to hug someone who's been infected with ebola.

David telah memeluk agama Islam.

to convert (to another religion); to change one's religion


pusing

Comparison of Standard Malay and Indonesian

> Indonesian: pusing (inherited)

Aku nak pusing satu taman ni.


berak

From Proto-Malayic *bahiraʔ. Cognate with Banjarese bahira.

memberakkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

memberaki [agent focus + causative benefactive]

terberak-berak [reduplication + agentless action]


bohong

Indonesian: bohong

bohong-bohongan [reduplication + resultative

membohongkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

membohongi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dibohongkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

dibohongi [patient focus + causative benefactive]


tangkap

Indonesian: tangkap

→ Maranao: tangkap


indera

ايندرا (Jawi)


ngomong

Apakah yang mereka sedang ngomong di situ?

Daniel ngomong yang buat benda ni Faiz.

Daniel says that the person who did this was Faiz.

Kau tak ngomong kat siapa-siapa lagi, kan?


sangai

menyangai (active)
sangrai (alternative)

(transitive) to roast (to fry without oil)


lerai

Unknown, probably from Hindi लड़ाई (laṛāī, “fight, argument”).


dipertuan

دڤرتوان (Jawi)

passive of pertuan: to be lorded over; to be considered as a lord


jejak

From Proto-Austronesian *zekzek (“to tread, trample on”).

menjejakkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

menjejaki [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dijejakkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

dijejaki [patient focus + causative benefactive]


cahari

Di manakah kamu mencahari budak yang hilang itu?
Where did you look for the kid that went missing?
Synonym(s): cari.


bazir

Tidak elok membazirkan makanan.


angkut

Indonesian: angkut

From Proto-Malayic *ha(ŋ)kut, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hakut, from Proto-Austronesian *SakuC (“transport through repeated trips”).

to transport (carry or bear from one place to another)


parap

To hit with the blunt side of something.


susun

> Indonesian: susun (inherited)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *susun (“to stack up, pile in layers”), from Proto-Austronesian *susuN (“to stack up”). Cognate with Tagalog susón (“extra layer; reinforcing layer”).

cog

Susun kerusi elok-elok!


tadah

Indonesian: tadah

menadahkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

ditadahkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


jangka

to measure something precisely (in carpentry, weaving)


mangkat

> Indonesian: mangkat (inherited)

From Javanese ꦩꦁꦏꦠ꧀ (mangkat, “to depart, to leave”), from Old Javanese maṅkat (“to get up, rise, set out, depart”).

der

Ayahanda saudara Sultan Terengganu telah mangkat.
The father of the Sultan of Terengganu has passed away.
Synonym(s): mati, maut, meninggal dunia

(Palace Malay, honorific) to pass away; to die.


cekik

Indonesian: cekik

North Moluccan Malay: ceké


sembah

Indonesian: sembah

→ Cebuano: simba

→? Makasar: somba

→ Maranao: simba

→ Min Nan: 占巴

→ Tagalog: samba, simba

→? Toba Batak: somba

→ Urak Lawoi': ซือมัฮ (semah)

persembahkan [causative passive + causative benefactive]

persembahan [causative passive + resultative

menyembahkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

disembahkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

tersembahkan [agentless action + causative benefactive]

mempersembahkan [causative agent focus + causative benefactive]

dipersembahkan [causative passive focus + causative benefactive]


terajang

Dia terajang perompak itu dengan kaki kanannya.
He kicked the thief with his right leg.
Synonym(s): sepak

to attack with one's foot; to kick (someone).


terjun

Indonesian: terjun

→? Tagalog: talon

[t̪ərˈd͡ʒʊn]

to leap down; to jump from a higher place to a lower place

menerjunkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

menerjuni [agent focus + causative benefactive]

diterjunkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

diterjuni [patient focus + causative benefactive]


hunus

Indonesian: hunus

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *(h)unus, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hunus, from Proto-Austronesian *SuNus.

menghunuskan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dihunuskan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


jerang

Oleh perempuan itu dijerangkannya periuk di atas dapur.

By that girl, the pan was put atop the stove.

Putih, mak suruh jerang nasi.


serak

(physics) to scatter or deflect radiation, particles etc.


serak

terserak (canonical)
berserakan (canonical)


keliling

کليليڠ (Jawi)

Indonesian: keliling

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kuliliŋ (“round about, around, in one’s surroundings; go around”). Compare Banjarese kuliling, Kendayan kuikng.

inh

Suspek sekarang dikelilingi oleh anggota polis.

The suspect is now being surrounded by police forces.

mengelilingi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dikelilingi [patient focus + causative benefactive]


jangkit

جاڠکيت (Jawi)

Indonesian: jangkit

North Moluccan Malay: jangke

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *za(ŋ)kit (“contagious, spreading by contact”).

perjangkitan [causative passive + resultative

menjangkitkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

menjangkiti [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dijangkiti [patient focus + causative benefactive]

terjangkiti [agentless action + causative benefactive]


bendung

Selain itu, memberikan sokongan untuk membendung penularan pandemik COVID-19 serta membantu para petugas barisan hadapan.

2022 January 4, Nuraisah Haji Muhammed, “Sertai Virtual Run Fundraiser sambil menderma”, in Pelita Brunei:

In addition, providing support to curb the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic as well as assisting the frontliners.

Bagaimanapun, katanya, pihak PDRM akan terus bekerjasama dengan Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) bagi memastikan perkara itu dapat dibendung.

2022 March 14, Zulkifli Manzor, “51,631 kes jenayah dalam talian”, in Kosmo!:

However, he said, the Royal Malaysia Police (PDRM) will continue to work with Central Bank of Malaysia (BNM) to ensure that the matter can be curbed.

Ujian yang dijalankan secara agresif merupakan antara faktor penyumbang dalam mengesan kes jangkitan di institusi penjagaan kesihatan dan rumah penjagaan supaya ia dapat dibendung awal.

2021 October 28, Irma Kamarudin, “Kemunculan kelompok Covid-19 di rumah jagaan timbul keprihatinan”, in Berita Harian (Singapore):

Aggressive testing is one of the contributing factors in detecting cases of infection in health care institutions and nursing homes so that it can be curbed early.


jongkok

جوڠکوق (Jawi)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zuŋkuk (“bend over, stoop”).


bentuk

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bentuk (“curve”).


koyak

The sense of "butthurt" was popularised in 2021 after an exchange in Twitter between Malaysian pro-Palestine activists and an Israeli government official.

mengoyak-mengoyak [agent focus + reduplication]

mengoyakkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

mengoyak-mengoyakkan [agent focus + reduplication + causative benefactive]


terkam

Indonesian: terkam


congok

to stand stagnantly, usually idly or while thinking deeply


cakar

> Indonesian: cakar (inherited)

percakaran [causative passive + resultative

mencakar-cakar [reduplication + agent focus]

bercakar-cakaran [reduplication + stative


kemas kini

کمس کيني (Jawi)


kemas

Indonesian: kemas

perkemaskan [causative passive + causative benefactive]

mengemaskan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

mengemasi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dikemaskan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

dikemasi [patient focus + causative benefactive]

memperkemaskan [causative agent focus + causative benefactive]

diperkemaskan [causative passive focus + causative benefactive]


naik taraf

ناءيق طرف (Jawi)


hembus

From Classical Malay همبوس (hembus), همبوس (embus), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qembus (“blow hard; snort, pant”).

Hembus nafas


jajah

Indonesian: jajah


sohor

Indonesian: sohor

From Arabic شُهُور (šuhūr) or reanalysis of masohor variant borrowing of مَشْهُور (mašhūr) thus doublet of masyhur.


muat semula

موات سمولا (Jawi)


melabur

Indonesian: melabur

to supply (include food or money) the worker.


melancong

Zhou Fei suka melancong ke China dan Taiwan.

Zhou Fei loves to travel to China and Taiwan.


menawarkan

مناورکن (Jawi)


memberikan

ممبريکن (Jawi)


mengembalikan

saya akan mengembalikan mainan ini kepada gadis itu

return (as in returning something to someone)


cemburu

چمبورو (Jawi)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buR(e)hu (“jealous”).

to be careful to not disrupt any custom, religion etc.


telunjuk

تونجوق (Jawi)
jari telunjuk (alternative)

Kebanyakan manusia mempunyai telunjuk.

Dia memberi perhatian mengenai sesuatu guna telunjuk.

He gives notice about something with index finger.


anyam

Indonesian: anyam

Teknik menganyam bakul tradisional

plaiting; braiding; making mats and baskets or wattled fences; interweaving


suruh

From Proto-Austronesian *suʀuq (“to call on a person to do something”). Compare Tagalog sugo.
First attested in the Kota Kapur inscription, 686 CE, as Old Malay [script needed] (suruḥ).

Ayah saya menyuruh saya minta maaf sebab mencuri duit kamu.

My dad ordered me to apologise for stealing your money.

suruhan [resultative

one who is ordered to do something; obligation; act of ordering someone to do something

menyuruhkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

disuruhkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


berdikari

برديکاري (Jawi)

Borrowed from Indonesian berdikari, analysed as a blend of berdiri (“to stand”) + atas (“on”) + kaki (“feet”) + sendiri (“own”).

blend

stand on one's own two feet
stand on one's own two feet

(figurative, intransitive) To stand on one's own two feet; to be independent and self-sufficient.


sepak

Indonesian: sépak

→ Tagalog: sipà

→ Tausug: sipa'

Susah betul untuk sepak bola yang dicampak.

It is really hard to kick a ball that is thrown.


sepak

Indonesian: sepak (“kick”)


هيلڠ

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qilaŋ (“lose, disappear, be lost (as possessions)”).


didik

Indonesian: didik

Compare Sanskrit दिदेष्टि (dideṣṭi), दीक्षयति (dīkṣayati, “initiate, teach, prepare, make ready”).

Ibu bapa perlulah mendidik anak sendiri sejak masa mereka kecil lagi.

Parents need to educate their children from the time when they're little.


jilat

Indonesian: jilat (“to lick”)


ulang kaji

اولڠ کاجي (Jawi)

Compound of ulang (“to repeat”) + kaji (“to research”).

com

Kamu akan dapat A hanya jika kamu mengulang kaji!


empang

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *empeŋ (“block, obstruct, dam a stream”).

inh

Dinding laut itu digunakan untuk mengempang ombak-ombak yang kuat.

That sea wall is used to block the strong waves.

to block something by building a wall-like structure (e.g. dam etc.)


kumur

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kumuR (“gargle, rinse the mouth”). Cognate with Yami komoy.

kumur air


kelip

From Proto-Austronesian *kelip (“to blink”). Doublet of kedip. Cognate with Puyuma kerip.

Bintang menegelip

Mengelip mata


patuk

From Proto-Austronesian *pa(n)tuk₂ (“to knock, strike against”). Cognate with Maori patu and Hawaiian paku.

Ayam tu tengah patuk cacing.


bungkus

بوڠکوس (Jawi)

to take away, to pack food so it can be consumed elsewhere, to tapao

(informal, Malay Peninsular) to nab, to apprehend

(informal, Malay Peninsular) to seize (of property, by the police)

(colloquial, Riau) to cancel (of a program etc.)


upah

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *upaq (“compensation, reward”).

Saya mengupah pekerja saya sebanyak RM6 sejam.


kejut

Indonesian: kejut

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kezut₁ (“to start, jump when startled”), from Proto-Austronesian *kezuC (“to jerk suddenly, jump when startled”).

Bahaya tau mengejut orang cam tu!

It's dangerous startling someone like that, y'know!

Kejut dia sampai dia bangun sepenuhnya!


sengat

From Proto-Austronesian *seŋet (“to sting or bite, of an insect”).

Pernahkah kamu disengat oleh lebah?


lantas

straight to the back
straight to the back


dijelaskan

دجلسکن (Jawi)


rebah

Indonesian: rêbah

Akin to Aklanon guba'. Compare also Tagalog gibâ (“destruction”).


runtuh

رونتوه (Jawi)
runtoh (alternative informal pronunciation-spelling)

> Baba Malay: rentuh (inherited)

> Indonesian: runtuh (inherited)

meruntuhkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]


tengok

تيڠوق (Jawi)
tgok (alternative)
tgk (alternative)
tngk (alternative)

Indonesian: tengok

Tengok benda ni!

Nanti kau nak tengok cerita apa?

Tiap-tiap minggu dia pergi tengok neneknya yang tengah sakit.

Awang pandai menengok nasib seorang pengembara.

Awang is good at predicting the fate of an adventurer.

Pagi kelmarin, aku gi tengok Aqil ngn keluarganya.

Yesterday morning I met Aqil and his family.

(colloquial, transitive) to meet with someone


genggam

Indonesian: genggam

From Proto-Austronesian *gemgem (“fist; hold in the fist”). Cognate with Paiwan gəmgəm (“fist”).

genggam bara api, biar sampai jadi arang


rompak

head

rompak (Jawi spelling رومڤق, active merompak, 3rd person passive dirompak)

رومڤق (Jawi)
merompak (active)
dirompak (passive third-person)


rampok

rampok (Jawi spelling رمڤوق, active merampok, 3rd person passive dirampok)

رمڤوق (Jawi)
merampok (active)
dirampok (passive third-person)


layu

Indonesian: layu


merampok

مرمڤوق (Jawi)


dirampok

درمڤوق (Jawi)


tikam

(colloquial) to randomly select an option


tebang

Indonesian: tebang

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tebaŋ (“to fell trees”).

inh

Tebang pokok


beritahu

Indonesian: beritahu

Compound of beri (“to give”) + tahu (“to know”).


menular

Affixation of meng- + tular (“to spread, to go viral”).

prefix

Video itu menular di media sosial.


mansuh

Indonesian: mansukh

memansuhkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dimansuhkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


balik kampung

balik + kampung. Literally means "return [to the] village [where you lived from]."

to return home to meet one's family and relatives, especially for Eid al-Fitr.


sasar

Borrowed from Betawi sasar, from Javanese ꦱꦱꦂ (sasar, “error”), from Old Javanese sasar (“going astray”).


sasar

Borrowed from Betawi sasar, from Urdu سر (sar, “intention, aim”, literally “head, top”), from Persian سر (sar, “head, chief”), from Middle Persian 𐭫𐭥𐭩𐭱𐭤 (LOYŠE /sar/), from Proto-Iranian *cŕ̥Hah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćŕ̥Has, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂-.


anut

Indonesian: anut

Borrowed from Old Javanese anūt. Doublet of patut and turut.

menganuti [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dianuti [patient focus + causative benefactive]


hampar

Indonesian: hampar

From Proto-Malayic *(h)ampar, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hampaʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapaʀ (“spread out a mat”).

inh

menghamparkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

menghampari [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dihamparkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

dihampari [patient focus + causative benefactive]


dukung

head

dukung (Jawi spelling دوکوڠ, active mendukung, 3rd person passive didukung)

دوکوڠ (Jawi)
mendukung (active)
didukung (passive third-person)
dokong (alternative)

Indonesian: dukung

Ali malu didukung di tempat awam.

Ali is too shy to be piggybacked in public.

to carry someone by putting them on one's back (i.e. piggybacking) or at the waist or hip

to carry someone or something with a cloth sling

Teori evolusi Darwin didukung oleh kebanyakan ahli sains.

Darwin's theory of evolution is backed by most scientists.

Pemilihan kata-kata dalam cerpen itu kurang dapat mendukung isi ceritanya.

The choice of words in that short story didn't really convey the story's contents that well.


tawan

Indonesian: tawan

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taban (“booty, war captive”), from Proto-Austronesian *tabaN (“head trophy, trophy taken in headhunting”).


mogok

Borrowed from Javanese ꦩꦺꦴꦒꦺꦴꦏ꧀ (mogok), from Old Javanese maga, *agag (“to threaten”). Equivalent to meng- + aga.

(intransitive) to go on strike, to strike (stop working as a protest to achieve better working conditions)


paut

head

paut (Jawi spelling ڤاءوت, active memaut, 3rd person passive dipaut)

ڤاءوت (Jawi)
memaut (active)
dipaut (passive third-person)

Indonesian: paut

(figurative, transitive) To capture (of someone's heart, feelings, interest, etc.).


makan garam

Dengarlah nasihat orang tua kerana mereka telah lama makan garam.

Listen to your elders because they have lived long and experienced much.

(idiomatic) to have lived long and are thus highly experienced, to be seasoned.


nampak

Inherited from Classical Malay tampak, ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tapak. Doublet of tampak.

menampakkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]


asah

Indonesian: asah

From Proto-Malayic *asah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hasaq, from Proto-Austronesian *Sasaq (“whet, sharpen”).


mengabstrakkan

head

mengabstrakkan (Jawi spelling مڠبسترککن, imperative/1st and 2nd person passive abstrakkan, 3rd person passive diabstrakkan)

مڠبسترککن (Jawi)
diabstrakkan (passive third-person)


hidap

هيدڤ (Jawi)
idap (alternative Indonesia)

Indonesian: idap

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hidap (“to suffer, bear hardships”).

inh

menghidapi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dihidapi [patient focus + causative benefactive]


obrol

to chat, to engage in idle talk, to engage in trivial conversation


mengerti

head

mengerti (Jawi spelling مڠرتي, 3rd person passive dimengerti)

مڠرتي (Jawi)
dimengerti (passive third-person)

Saya tidak mengerti mesej sebalik puisi ini.

I don't understand the message behind this poem.


pulang ke rahmatullah

pulang + ke + rahmatullah. Literally means "to return to the mercy of God."


meninggal dunia

From meninggal + dunia, literally “to leave the world”. Compare Persian از دنیا رفتن (az donyâ raftan), of which it may possibly be a calque.

cal

از دنیا رفتن


hulur

Indonesian: ulur

From Classical Malay هولور (hulur), هولور (ulur), from Proto-Malayic *(h)ulur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *huluʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *Suluʀ.

menghulur-hulur [reduplication + agent focus]

menghulurkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

menghuluri [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dihulurkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

dihuluri [patient focus + causative benefactive]


toreh

Indonesian: toreh

cf. Proto-Philippine *turiq (“circumcision”)


ponteng

head

ponteng (Jawi spelling ڤونتيڠ, active memonteng, 3rd person passive diponteng)

ڤونتيڠ (Jawi)
memonteng (active)
diponteng (passive third-person)

Adam tak pernah ponteng kelasnya.

(informal, transitive) To ditch or skip work, school and so on; to skive.


gulung

Indonesian: gulung

Cognate with Tagalog gulong, Iban galong and Acehnese gulông.

bergulung-gulung [reduplication + stative


rujuk

Indonesian: rujuk

Borrowed from Arabic رُجُوع (rujūʕ, “return; answer; reference”).

bor

merujukkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

(generally) to restore; to return to a previous state.

to refer: to allude to, make a reference or allusion to.


prihatin

ڤريهاتين (Jawi)

Indonesian: prihatin


beredar

برايدر (Jawi)

(intransitive) to oscillate, to revolve (of planet)


bajak

Indonesian: bajak

→ Tausug: badja'


larut

Indonesian: larut

Sebatian kovalen tidak melarut dalam air.

Covalent compounds do not dissolve in water.


bekemayau

(dialectal) to be blurred from looking directly to light source


berupaya

براوڤاي (Jawi)


kaunseling

head

kaunseling (Jawi spelling کاءونسليڠ, active mengkaunseling, 3rd person passive dikaunseling)

کاءونسليڠ (Jawi)
mengkaunseling (active)
dikaunseling (passive third-person)
konseling (alternative Indonesia)

(transitive) To provide counseling to someone.


kotai

کوتاءي (Jawi)

First-person and second-person passive of mengotai.


nyahjangkit

ڽهجاڠکيت (Jawi)

nyah- + jangkit. Calque of English disinfect.

menyahjangkiti [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dinyahjangkiti [patient focus + causative benefactive]


nyahkuman

ڽهکومن (Jawi)

menyahkumani [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dinyahkumani [patient focus + causative benefactive]


Wasap

(colloquial) Alternative letter-case form of wasap


culik

Indonesian: culik


ڤنچوليقن

ms-noun

ڤنچوليقن (plural ڤنچوليقن-ڤنچوليقن or ڤنچوليقن٢)

ڤنچوليقن-ڤنچوليقن (plural)
ڤنچوليقن٢ (plural)


bersalin

برسالين (Jawi)

> Indonesian: bersalin (inherited)

to change (of a colour, skin, fur, etc.)


semak

> Indonesian: simak (inherited)

From Persian سمع (sam'), from Arabic اِسْمَعْ (ismaʕ), سَمْع (samʕ, “to hear; to listen; to learn, to be told”).


tengadah

Indonesian: tengadah

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tiŋadaq.

inh+

sudah terhantuk baru tengadah

closing the stable door after the horse has bolted

menengadahkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

ditengadahkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


antuk

Indonesian: antuk

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qantuk (cf. Tagalog antok).


terbit

Malay: tubik (in Kelantan, Pattani)

Indonesian: terbit, têrbit

From Proto-Malayic *tAr(ə)bit, compare Minangkabau tabit, possible loan from Austroasiatic.


lelap

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *le(b)leb. Compare Minangkabau lalap.


menangis

مناڠيس (Jawi)

men- + tangis. Cognate to Minangkabau manangih.


timbau

تيمباو (Jawi)

Indonesian: timbau

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *timbaw. Cognate with Tagalog timbáw.

to add a piece so as to lengthen anything


timbul

تيمبول (Jawi)

Indonesian: timbul

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *timbul. Compare Tagalog timbol.

menimbulkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

ditimbulkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


tertentu

ترتنتو (Jawi)

Affixation of ter- + tentu (“to determine, to set”).

Di pentas, setiap orang sedang menjalankan kerja persediaan tertentu masing-masing.

On the stage, each person is doing their own set preparation duties.


berbahasa

بربهاس (Jawi)

Adam fasih berbahasa Perancis.


berisi

برايسي (Jawi)

kek berisi coklat

to have content; to be filled with content


pecut

Indonesian: pecut

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pecut. Cognate with Kimaragang posut, Javanese pecut, and Sundanese pecut.

(figurative, transitive) To whip up; to encourage.


isytihar

اشتهار (Jawi)

mengisytiharkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

diisytiharkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

Isytihar darurat iklim!


ungkit

اوڠکيت (Jawi)

Indonesian: ungkit

mengungkitkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

mengungkit-ungkit [reduplication + agent focus]

diungkitkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

to bring up again; to rake up old stories


bertas

برتس (Jawi)
betas (alternative Indonesia)

Indonesian: betas

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bə(ʀ)tas. Compare Cebuano bugtas, Tagalog bigtas.


tapau

Borrowed from Cantonese 打包 (daa³ baau¹, “to pack”).


bubuh

Indonesian: bubuh

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bubuq or *buqbuq.

membubuhi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dibubuhi [patient focus + causative benefactive]


umbut

اومبوت (Jawi)

Indonesian: umbut

From Proto-Austronesian *-buC (“to weed, pluck, pull out”).


tenung

Indonesian: tenung

→ Tagalog: tanong


kejap

Indonesian: kejap

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kəzəp or *kəzap. Compare Tagalog kurap.


lapah

Indonesian: lapah

Attested in the Hikayat Iskandar Dzulkarnain, 1713 AD, as Classical Malay لاڤه (lapah).
From Proto-Malayic *lapah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lapaq, from Proto-Austronesian *lapaq.

to flay; to skin; to strip; to tear off the skin


diperkaya

diperkaya dengan zat dan vitamin


jeling

Indonesian: jeling

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zəliŋ (“cross-eyed; squint”).


hinggap

Indonesian: hinggap

menghinggapi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dihinggapi [patient focus + causative benefactive]


tanggung

Indonesian: tanggung

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taŋguŋ (“carry on a shoulder pole”).

menanggungkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

ditanggungkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

(figurative) to bear up under trouble or misfortune

(figurative) to stand security for another


tumbuk

تومبوق (Jawi)

> Indonesian: tumbuk (inherited)

menumbukkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

ditumbukkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

bertumbuk-tumbuk [reduplication + stative

bertumbuk-tumbukan [reduplication + repetition


taksir

desctree

Indonesian: taksir, taqshir
→ Petjo: taksir

Borrowed from Dutch taxeer (“to evaluate, to appraise”), from French taxer (“to tax, to impose a tax”), from Old French taxer, from Latin taxāre.


maklum

Borrowed from Arabic مَعْلُوم (maʕlūm). Doublet of alam, alim, ilmu, malim, maklumat, mualim, and pengalaman.

doublet

memaklumkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

memaklumi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dimaklumkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

dimaklumi [patient focus + causative benefactive]

mempermaklumkan [causative agent focus + causative benefactive]

dipermaklumkan [causative passive focus + causative benefactive]


singgah

Indonesian: singgah

persinggahan [causative passive + resultative

menyinggahkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

menyinggahi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

disinggahkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

disinggahi [patient focus + causative benefactive]


menggerek

ms-verb

menggérék (Jawi spelling مڠݢيريق, transitive)

Untuk berbuat demikian pembuat berus boleh menggerek lubang-lubang pada lengannya dan kemudian melekatkan gentian di dalam lubang-lubang itu.

1975, Ensaiklopedia Dualiran, Bahasa Malaysia & Inggeris, Volume 4, Preston, page 763:

To do so, the brush-maker may bore holes in the arm and thence stick fibres inside those holes.


menggerekkan

menggérékkan (Jawi spelling مڠݢيريقکن, transitive)

menggérékkan (canonical)
مڠݢيريقکن (Jawi)

Ibarat menggerekkan tutur kata ke telinga.

2011, Abdullah Hassan, Ainon Mohd, Kamus Peribahasa Kontemporari Edisi Ketiga, PTS, →ISBN, page 201:


sangap

Ultimately from Austroasiatic, cf. Proto-Austroasiatic *sŋaːpˀ ~ *sŋʔaːpˀ (“to yawn”).


lindung

ليندوڠ (Jawi)

Indonesian: lindung

From Proto-Austronesian *liduŋ (“shelter, cover, protection; shade”).


balah

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *walaq with initial *w- fortified to b.
May also a doublet with alah and belah.

berbalah-balahan [reduplication + stative

memperbalahkan [causative agent focus + causative benefactive]

perbalahan [causative passive + resultative


mekar

Indonesian: mekar

bunga itu mekar di taman berhampiran laut

the flower blooms in a garden near the sea


masok

(1924-1972) superseded spelling of masuk


mempunyai

ممڤوڽاءي (Jawi)


bermanifesto

ms-verb

bermanifesto (Jawi spelling برمانيفيستو)

برمانيفيستو (Jawi)


mengoksida

مڠوکسيدا (Jawi)


mengoksidakan

mengoksidakan (Jawi spelling مڠوکسيداکن)

مڠوکسيداکن (Jawi)


dioksidakan

دأوکسيداکن (Jawi)


abahkan

head

abahkan (Jawi spelling ابهکن, formal active mengabahkan, 3rd person passive diabahkan)

ابهکن (Jawi)
mengabahkan (active formal)
diabahkan (passive third-person)

Affixation of abah (“direction”) + -kan.

(transitive) To point something towards.


abadikan

abadikan (Jawi spelling اباديکن, formal active mengabadikan, 3rd person passive diabadikan)

اباديکن (Jawi)
mengabadikan (active formal)
diabadikan (passive third-person)

Affixation of abadi (“eternal, everlasting”) + -kan.


bermoreh

ms-verb

bermoreh (Jawi spelling برموريه, intransitive)

برموريه (Jawi)

Susulan kelonggaran sekatan itu, pihak berkuasa agama hampir di seluruh negara membenarkan pelaksanaan solat berjemaah, solat sunat tarawih hingga 20 rakaat, majlis berbuka puasa, bermoreh atau jamuan ringan selepas tarawih serta bersahur di masjid dan surau.

2022, BERNAMA, “Ramadan: Rapatkan saf, teguhkan kembali silaturahim umat Islam”, in Sinar Harian:

Following the easing of the restrictions, almost all the religious authorities in the country allow the observance of congregational prayers, tarawih prayers until the 20 rak'at, iftar gatherings, eating supper after tarawihs or light feast after tarawihs and eating suhoor in mosques and suraus.

(Islam) to hold a supper after tarawih prayers.


merunut

مرونوت (Jawi)


membintangi

Watak wira dalam filem dibintanginya menawan banyak hati penonton.

The hero in the movie he starred in won the hearts of audiences.

To appear or feature as a performer or headliner, especially in an movie or entertainment programme.


abui

Imperative or first-person and second-person passive of mengabui.


tempeleng

تمڤيليڠ (Jawi)

Indonesian: têmpeleng

Sabah Malay: tampiling

Cognate of Makasar tampiling, Cebuano tampiling.


kejar

Indonesian: kejar


memperbaik

ممڤرباءيق (Jawi)

Hanya anda boleh memperbaik keadaanku.


membaiki

ممباءيقي (Jawi)

Mekanik di bandar ini enggan membaiki kereta asing.

Mechanics in this city are unwilling to fix foreign cars.


kelola

Indonesian: kelola

to manage or direct an organisation or undertaking.


pertanda

ڤرتندا (Jawi)


meyakinkan

ميقينکن (Jawi)


bidik

to look with one eye while closing another (i.e. through a scope)


capap

Blend of cari (“to look for, to seek”) + publisiti (“publicity”).
* Note that the spelling of pub is fixed to pap.

blend

Kau ni banyak capaplah.

(slang) To seek for attention or publicity.


capub

Blend of cari (“to find”) + publisiti (“publicity”).
* Note that this word's spelling has been standardized as capap.


harapkan pegar, pegar makan padi

Literally, “expecting a pheasant to come over but to eat rice.”

literally

harapkan pagar, pagar makan padi (alternative)

(idiomatic) to hope for a person to do something, only for said person to sell down the river the one who hoped for them.


siasat

Indonesian: siasat

→ Tagalog: siyasat

Borrowed from Persian سياست (siyâsat), from Arabic سِيَاسَة (siyāsa).

menyiasatkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

menyiasati [agent focus + causative benefactive]

disiasatkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

disiasati [patient focus + causative benefactive]


tuntun

تونتون (Jawi)

From Javanese ꦠꦸꦤ꧀ꦠꦸꦤ꧀ (tuntun, “to guide, to lead”), from Old Javanese tuntun (“rope or string for leading”). Doublet of tonton. See also Tagalog tuntón (“following a path”).

der

to guide, to lead by holding one's hand, with a rope etc.

to charm, to make someone attracted to them romantically

to drag along (beasts of burden, bicycles)


lolong

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aluluŋ (to howl, of dogs).


dokong

(colloquial, nonstandard) Alternative spelling of dukung


santap

> Indonesian: santap (inherited)

Probably affixed se- (“whole”) + antap (“solid, compact, massive, heavy”).

af

(Palace Malay) to eat, to feast, to regale

persantapan [causative passive + resultative


adakah

Awak adakah komputer riba?

Interrogative of ada (to have, to possess).


abaikan

head

abaikan (Jawi spelling ابايکن, formal active mengabaikan, 3rd person passive diabaikan)

ابايکن (Jawi)
mengabaikan (active formal)
diabaikan (passive third-person)

Indonesian: abaikan

Affixation of abai (“neglectful”) + kan.


ternyata

Indonesian: ternyata

Ternyata dialah penjenayah.

Sepertimana ternyata dalam pengumuman, tidak ada sesiapa murid yang boleh membawa telefon ke sekolah.

As stated in the announcement, no student is allowed to bring their phones to school.


melayukan

melayukan (Jawi spelling ملايوکن, active memelayukan, 3rd person passive dimelayukan)

ملايوکن (Jawi)
memelayukan (active)
dimelayukan (passive third-person)

(transitive) To translate something into the Malay language.

(transitive) To make something Malay; to Malayize.


melayukan

ملايوکن (Jawi)

Formal active of layukan (“to make something wither”).


hidu

(figurative) to detect something that has been kept secret through various measures (such as interviewing, spying, etc.)


teroka

teroka hutan

to open up a new area for it to be a village or a farm

teroka sains


terokai

تروکاءي (Jawi)

Terokai dunia Genshin Impact!

(transitive) to explore; to go through something to learn or get to know more about it


meneroka

Syarikat kami meneroka pelbagai bidang sains.

Our company researches various fields of science.


membusuk

ممبوسوق (Jawi)

Yogurt cepat membusuk apabila ditinggalkan di luar.

Yoghurt gets smelly quickly when it is left outside.

(intransitive, agent focus) To become smelly or smellier.


kelupas

> Indonesian: kelupas (inherited)

Cat dinding tengah mengelupas.

(intransitive) to peel off (of skin, paint, etc.)


mengelupas

مڠلوڤس (Jawi)

> Indonesian: mengelupas (inherited)

Cat itu mengelupas.

(intransitive) Agent focus form of kelupas.


kelupaskan

کلوڤسکن (Jawi)

Affixation of kelupas (“to peel off by itself”) + -kan.

af

kelupaskan cat

(transitive) To cause something to peel off.


peningkan

ڤنيڠکن (Jawi)

Aqil dipeningkan ilusi optik itu.

Aqil was made dizzy by that optical illusion.

(transitive) to cause someone to become dizzy

Keterangan dia hanya memeningkan saya sahaja.


caya

Clipping of percaya (as a verb) which in turn was a clipping of mempercayai.

Aku tak caya langsung apa dia cakap.

(informal, slang) Alternative form of mempercayai.


nyahfros

پهفروس (Jawi)

Affixation of nyah- (“de-”) + fros (“frost”), probably a calque of English defrost.

nyahfroskan daging

menyahfroskan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dinyahfroskan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


ڤنجنايه

ms-noun

ڤنجنايه (plural ڤنجنايه-ڤنجنايه or ڤنجنايه٢)

ڤنجنايه-ڤنجنايه (plural)
ڤنجنايه٢ (plural)


merepet

ms-verb

merépét (Jawi spelling مريڤيت, intransitive)

merépét (canonical)
مريڤيت (Jawi)
merepek (alternative)

To talk incessantly and frivolously; to babble, to prattle, to chatter.


capak

to sit with legs open (as riding motorcycle, horse etc.)


memeningkan

ممنيڠکن (Jawi)

Buku panduan ini akan memeningkan orang sahaja.

This guide book will only confuse people.


bertambun

برتمبون (Jawi)

Emas bertambun di lantai.

Bilik itu bertambun dengan permainan PS5.

That room is filled to the brim with PS5 games.

(figurative, intransitive) To be filled to the brim.


menari

Ayah aku pandai menari.

My dad is good at dancing. (lit. "My dad dances well.")


mencedok

mencédok (Jawi spelling منچيدوق, transitive)

Apparently meng- + cedok. Sense 2 may be by extension from sense 1.

To copy; to take (someone else's writing, etc.) without modification; to plagiarize.


kutip

کوتيڤ (Jawi)
kutib (alternative Penang dated)

> Indonesian: kutip (inherited)

(transitive) to pick up (of small objects)

"Kalau kena kutip nanti tiba-tiba ada kad orang kelainan upaya."

2024 September 11, Kosmo!, “[VIDEO] ‘Kalau kena kutip nanti tiba-tiba ada kad OKU’”, in Kosmo!, archived from the original on 2024-09-11:

If they were detained later, then suddenly, they will have a disability person card.

(ambitransitive, informal) to pick up and detain (of person)

to pick up (of small objects)
to pick up and detain (of person)

(transitive) to compile (gathering pieces from various sources)


tarikan

تاريکن (Jawi)

Pelajar diwajibkan menarikan "moonwalk" di sekolah ini.

It is made compulsory for students to perform the "moonwalk" at this school.


masuk Melayu

masuk Melayu (Jawi spelling ماسوق ملايو)

ماسوق ملايو (Jawi)

To become a follower of Malay customs and culture.


sambut

Indonesian: sambut

Akin to Tagalog sambot and Urak Lawoi' ซาโมยจ (samoc).

menyambuti [agent focus + causative benefactive]

disambuti [patient focus + causative benefactive]


justifikasikan

جوستيفيکاسيکن

justifikasikan (Jawi spelling جوستيفيکاسيکن)

جوستيفيکاسيکن (Jawi)


dipeningkan

دڤنيڠکن (Jawi)

Ramai pemain dipeningkan oleh penukaran peraturan bola sepak secara tiba-tiba.

Many football players were confused by the sudden change of the rules of football.


mengedut

Affixation of meng- + kedut (“wrinkle, crease”).

Bajunya semakin mengedut.

(intransitive) To become wrinkled, creased or to be getting more folds (of fabric, paper, or the skin).


kedutkan

کدوتکن (Jawi)

Affixation of kedut (“wrinkle, crease”) + -kan.

(transitive) To cause something to have wrinkles or folds (of fabric, paper, or the skin).


mengedutkan

مڠدوتکن (Jawi)

Itu hanya akan mengedutkan baju aku!


dikedutkan

مڠدوتکن (Jawi)

Bajunya dikedutkan pelukan itu.


berkedut

برکدوت (Jawi)

skirt berkedut

(intransitive) To have creases or folds (of fabric, paper, or the skin).


mencapap

mencapub (alternative)
mencapab (alternative)

Dia mencapap saja tu.


bertempat

برتمڤت (Jawi)

Perlawanan itu akan bertempat di Stadium Sultan Ibrahim.

That match will take place at the Sultan Ibrahim Stadium.

(intransitive) To take place or be held at.

Ibu pejabat syarikat ini bertempat di Singapura.

This company's headquarters is located in Singapore.

(intransitive) To be located or live at.


berpoligami

برڤوليݢامي (Jawi)

(intransitive) To practise polygamy; to have more than one wife at the same time.


lestarikan

لستاريکن (Jawi)

Susah melestarikan hutan dengan polisi kini.

It's hard to preserve forests with the current policies.


melestarikan

ملستاريکن (Jawi)


dilestarikan

دلستاريکن (Jawi)


mampankan

ممڤنکن (Jawi)

Pembangunan dimampankan dengan pemerintahan yang bijak.

Development is sustained with smart governance.


memampankan

مممڤنکن (Jawi)


dimampankan

دممڤنکن (Jawi)


berkewajiban

برکواجبن (Jawi)


meminta

ممينتا (Jawi)


meminta

ممينتا (Jawi)


meninjau

منينجاو (Jawi)


ditinjau

دتينجاو (Jawi)


dimengerti

دمڠرتي (Jawi)


jepunkan

جڤونکن (Jawi)


dijepunkan

دجڤونکن (Jawi)


menjepunkan

منجڤونکن (Jawi)


berkusyen

برکوشن (Jawi)

Kerusi ini berkusyen.


berpencen

pekerjaan berpencen

Providing or including pensions (of employee benefits).


mereformasi

مريفورماسي (Jawi)

Affixation of meng- + reformasi (“reform, reformation”).


direformasi

دريفورماسي (Jawi)

Affixation of di- + reformasi (“reform, reformation”).


memikir

مميکير (Jawi)


bincang

> Indonesian: bincang (inherited)


kategorikan

head

kategorikan (Jawi spelling کاتݢوريکن, active mengkategorikan, 3rd person passive dikategorikan)

کاتݢوريکن (Jawi)
mengkategorikan (active)
dikategorikan (passive third-person)


mengkategorikan

ms-verb

mengkategorikan (Jawi spelling مڠکاتݢوريکن)

مڠکاتݢوريکن (Jawi)


dikategorikan

dikategorikan (Jawi spelling دکاتݢوريکن)

دکاتݢوريکن (Jawi)


dijustifikasikan

دجوستيفيکاسيکن

dijustifikasikan (Jawi spelling دجوستيفيکاسيکن)

دجوستيفيکاسيکن (Jawi)


menjustifikasikan

منجوستيفيکاسيکن

menjustifikasikan (Jawi spelling منجوستيفيکاسيکن)

منجوستيفيکاسيکن (Jawi)


جوستيفيکاسيکن

جوستيفيکاسيکن


منجوستيفيکاسيکن

منجوستيفيکاسيکن


دجوستيفيکاسيکن

دجوستيفيکاسيکن


bertransformasi

برترنسفورماسي

bertransformasi (Jawi spelling برترنسفورماسي)

برترنسفورماسي (Jawi)


transformasikan

head

ترنسفورماسيکن

transformasikan (Jawi spelling ترنسفورماسيکن, active mentransformasikan, 3rd person passive ditransformasikan)

ترنسفورماسيکن (Jawi)
mentransformasikan (active)
ditransformasikan (passive third-person)

transformasikan ekonomi


berekreasi

بريکرياسي (Jawi)


implementasikan

ايمڤليمينتاسيکن

implementasikan (Jawi spelling ايمڤليمينتاسيکن, active mengimplementasikan, 3rd person passive diimplementasikan)

ايمڤليمينتاسيکن (Jawi)
mengimplementasikan (active)
diimplementasikan (passive third-person)


mengimplementasikan

ms-verb

مڠيمڤليمينتاسيکن

mengimplementasikan (Jawi spelling مڠيمڤليمينتاسيکن)

مڠيمڤليمينتاسيکن (Jawi)

Affixation of implementasi + meng- -kan.

Active of implementasikan (“to implement”).


diimplementasikan

دايمڤليمينتاسيکن

diimplementasikan (Jawi spelling دايمڤليمينتاسيکن)

دايمڤليمينتاسيکن (Jawi)

Third-person passive of implementasikan (“to implement”).


ايمڤليمينتاسيکن

ايمڤليمينتاسيکن


مڠيمڤليمينتاسيکن

مڠيمڤليمينتاسيکن


دايمڤليمينتاسيکن

دايمڤليمينتاسيکن


beremosi

برايموسي (Jawi)


memelayukan

مملايوکن (Jawi)

Formal active of melayukan (“to translate into Malay; to Malayize”).


dimelayukan

دملايوکن (Jawi)

Passive of melayukan (“to translate into Malay; to Malayize”).


difikir

دفيکير (Jawi)

Third-person passive of fikir (“to think”).


memikiri

مميکيري (Jawi)


difikiri

دفيکيري (Jawi)


fikirkan

head

fikirkan (Jawi spelling فيکيرکن, active memikirkan, 3rd person passive difikirkan)

فيکيرکن (Jawi)
memikirkan (active)
difikirkan (passive third-person)
pikirkan (alternative)


difikirkan

دفيکيرکن (Jawi)


diedit

دأيديت (Jawi)

Third-person passive of edit (“to edit”).


ertikan

ertikan (Jawi spelling ارتيکن, active mengertikan, 3rd person passive diertikan)

ارتيکن (Jawi)
mengertikan (active)
diertikan (passive third-person)


bahaskan

bahaskan (Jawi spelling بحثکن, active membahaskan, 3rd person passive dibahaskan)

بحثکن (Jawi)
membahaskan (active)
dibahaskan (passive third-person)


berbeza

(stative) to have difference; to be different


membahas

> Indonesian: membahas (inherited)

Active of bahas (“to debate; to examine”).


dibahas

Third-person passive of bahas (“to debate; to examine”).


membahaskan

ممبحثکن (Jawi)

Active of bahaskan (“to debate something; to discuss”).


dibahaskan

دبحثکن (Jawi)

Third-person passive of bahaskan (“to debate something; to discuss”).


gaduh

> Indonesian: gaduh (inherited)

Yang Berhormat tidak layak duduk di sini, samseng. What you want? You hendak gaduh dengan saya? Anytime.

2018, Bung Moktar Radin, “Waktu Mesyuarat dan Urusan Dibebaskan Daripada Peraturan Mesyuarat”, in Hansard of the Dewan Rakyat, archived from the original on 2023-10-16, page 41:

Your Honor (Willie Mongin) doesn't deserve to sit here, gangster. What do you want? You want to fight with me? Anytime.


baharui

baharui (Jawi spelling بهاروءي, active membaharui, 3rd person passive dibaharui)

بهاروءي (Jawi)
membaharui (active)
dibaharui (passive third-person)

baharui jalan

baharui pertanyaan

baharui kehidupan

baharui lesen

to renew, to replace something with a newer version of itself


membaharui

ممبهاروءي (Jawi)


dibaharui

دبهاروءي (Jawi)


perbaharu

perbaharu (Jawi spelling ڤربهارو, active memperbaharu, 3rd person passive diperbaharu)

ڤربهارو (Jawi)
memperbaharu (active)
diperbaharu (passive third-person)

(transitive) to make something become new or newer


memperbaharu

ممڤربهارو (Jawi)


diperbaharu

دڤربهارو (Jawi)


bahagiakan

bahagiakan (Jawi spelling بهاݢياکن, active membahagiakan, 3rd person passive dibahagiakan)

بهاݢياکن (Jawi)
membahagiakan (active)
dibahagiakan (passive third-person)


punyai

punyai (Jawi spelling ڤوڽاءي, active mempunyai, 3rd person passive dipunyai)

ڤوڽاءي (Jawi)
mempunyai (active)
dipunyai (passive third-person)

Buku ini mempunyai enam bab.

Anak syarikat ini dipunyai Microsoft.

This subsidiary company is owned by Microsoft.


dipunyai

دڤوڽاءي (Jawi)

Third-person passive of punyai (“to have; to own”).


berpunya

برڤوڽا (Jawi)

To already be taken or married; to already have a spouse; to have already been engaged to someone.


punyakan

punyakan (Jawi spelling ڤوڽاکن, active mempunyakan, 3rd person passive dipunyakan)

ڤوڽاکن (Jawi)
mempunyakan (active)
dipunyakan (passive third-person)

(archaic) To make something be under one's ownership.


mempunyakan

ممڤوڽاکن (Jawi)


dipunyakan

دڤوڽاکن (Jawi)


berbuka

ellipsis of berbuka puasa, to break one's fast


dirompak

درومڤق (Jawi)

Third-person passive of rompak (“to rob”).


merompak

مرومڤق (Jawi)


mengertikan

مڠرتيکن (Jawi)

Active of ertikan (“to interpret; to make someone understand”).


disamun

دسامون (Jawi)

Third-person passive of samun (“to rob”).


menyamun

مڽامون (Jawi)


مڽامون

مڽامونJawi spelling of menyamun. (canonical)


دسامون

دسامونJawi spelling of disamun. (canonical)


kesamunan

کسامونن (Jawi)

Adam kesamunan kad kreditnya.

(transitive) to be robbed of something; to lose something due to robbery


didukung

ددوکوڠ (Jawi)


mendukung

مندوکوڠ (Jawi)


berdukung

بردوکوڠ (Jawi)

Bayi itu berdukung pada ibunya.

That baby is sitting being carried on his mother.

to sit carried or piggybacked on someone


beroda

kerusi beroda


berkhalwat

برخلوة (Jawi)

(law, Islam) to be alone with an unmarried partner in a hidden and obscured place

(uncommon) to be in solitude, to retreat


makan angin

(intransitive, idiomatic) to get some fresh air, to go outside


memanggil

ممڠݢيل (Jawi)


dipanggil

دڤڠݢيل (Jawi)


beraksi

براکسي (Jawi)

Pemain Manchester United itu tidak akan beraksi malam ini disebabkan kecederaan.

The Manchester United player will not be in action tonight due to injury.


memarkir

ممرکير (Jawi)


diparkir

دڤرکير (Jawi)

Third-person passive of parkir (“to park”).


diertikan

دارتيکن (Jawi)

Third-person passive of ertikan (“to interpret; to make someone understand”).


bererti

برارتي (Jawi)

Kata 'mangan' bererti 'makan' dalam bahasa Jawa.

The word 'mangan' means 'to eat' in Javanese.


sengkang

From nasalization of sakang from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sakaŋ “bow-legged”.

to prop something up preventing it from closing

to muzzle one's mouth by stuffing an object in


sengkang

Same as above, with likely free vowel variation from /səŋkaŋ/ > /seŋkaŋ/.


sengkang

From Etymology 2, both ultimately from Etymology 1.


mengimport

مڠيمڤورت (Jawi)


diimport

دايمڤورت (Jawi)

Third-person passive of import (“to import”).


impot

Earlier adaptation of English import. Later standardized to import in 1972.


ekspot

From English export, from Latin exportare. Later standardized to eksport in 1972.


mengeksport

مڠيکسڤورت (Jawi)


dieksport

دايکسڤورت (Jawi)

Third-person passive of eksport (“to export”).


cukur

> Indonesian: cukur (inherited)


senggama

From Sanskrit सङ्घ (saṅgha, “heap, multitude, crowd”).


menderma

مندرما (Jawi)


diderma

Third-person passive of derma (“to donate”).


berderma

بردرما (Jawi)

Adam berderma RM1,000 walaupun dia tak berkemampuan.

Adam donated RM1,000 even though he couldn't afford it.

(active voice, ambitransitive) To donate.


dermakan

head

dermakan (Jawi spelling درماکن, active mendermakan, 3rd person passive didermakan)

درماکن (Jawi)
mendermakan (active)
didermakan (passive third-person)

Adam mendermakan RM1,000 kepada rumah anak yatim itu.


mendermakan

مندرماکن (Jawi)

Active of dermakan (“to donate something”).


didermakan

ددرماکن (Jawi)

Third-person passive of dermakan (“to donate something”).


berikan

برايکن (Jawi)

(stative, intransitive) To contain fish.


berikan

berikan (Jawi spelling بريکن, formal active memberikan, 3rd person passive diberikan)

بريکن (Jawi)
memberikan (active formal)
diberikan (passive third-person)


diberikan

دبريکن (Jawi)

Third-person passive of berikan (“to give”).


diabadikan

Third-person passive of abadikan (“to immortalize; to eternalize”).


berseba

برسيبا (Jawi)

(intransitive) to face the king (at the palace hall)


bersembahyang

bersembahyang (Jawi spelling برسمبهيڠ, informal form sembahyang)

برسمبهيڠ (Jawi)
form sembahyang (informal)

Kamu sudah bersembahyangkah?


melentur buluh biarlah dari rebungnya

Literally to bend wild bamboo from their shoot.

(idiomatic) to train or educate from a young age.


mencurah minyak ke api

add fuel to the fire
add fuel to the fire


putih mata

desc

→ Tausug: puti' mata (“coward”, literally “white eyes; whiye eyed”) (calque)

(idiomatic) to surrender, to throw in the towel


rintis

رينتيس (Jawi)

to clear land to make a road, to pave way or road


harapkan pagar, pagar makan padi

Originated as a mistransliteration from Jawi to Rumi of هارڤكن ڤڬر، ڤڬر ماكن ڤادي (“harapkan pegar, pegar makan padi”) Literally, “expecting a pheasant to come over but to eat rice.”

literally

harapkan pegar, pegar makan padi
harapkan pegar, pegar makan padi#Malay

(idiomatic) misspelling of harapkan pegar, pegar makan padi


leleh

(intransitive) to melt (to be changed from a solid state to a liquid state, usually by a gradual heat)

(intransitive) to trickle or flow gently (of liquids)

to trickle or flow gently (of liquids)
to water

(of tears) to flow or run down one's face

to trickle or flow gently (of liquids)
to flow or run down one's face


memplagiat

ممڤلاݢيات (Jawi)


diplagiat

دڤلاݢيات (Jawi)

Third-person passive of plagiat (“to plagiarize”).


berabang

Adam berabang dengan doktornya.


surai

to comb one's hair with one's fingers
to dress up one's hair


fardukan

head

fardukan (Jawi spelling فرضکن, active memfardukan, 3rd person passive difardukan)

فرضکن (Jawi)
memfardukan (active)
difardukan (passive third-person)

(Islam, transitive) To make something obligatory for Muslims.


wajibkan

wajibkan (Jawi spelling واجبکن, active mewajibkan, 3rd person passive diwajibkan)

واجبکن (Jawi)
mewajibkan (active)
diwajibkan (passive third-person)

Indonesian: wajibkan

(transitive) To make something obligatory.

(transitive) To make it obligatory for someone to do something.


berkewajipan

برکواجيڤن (Jawi)
berkewajiban (alternative)


berwajib

برواجب (Jawi)

Aduan ini akan disampaikan kepada pihak berwajib.

This complaint will be passed to those responsible for it.


colek

Related to culit, colet, colok and jolok.
Sense of sauce influenced by calit “to smear”.
Sense of match akin to colok now meaning “incense”.

(obsolete) to scrape something off a surface

to scrape especially with a finger, rod etc

Colek sedikit pelekat ini dengan span.

to dip something lightly in a sauce, gravy, etc.


kerumun

کرومون (Jawi)


bergarah

North Moluccan Malay: bagara

(dialectal, transitive) to make fun of, to ridicule, to tease


tonggak

tonggak (active menonggak, passive ditonggak)

(obsolete) to pour (something) into one's mouth


berlayar

برلاير (Jawi)


tinju

pertinjuan [causative passive + repetition


berlaci

برلاچي (Jawi)

meja berlaci


rombak

Indonesian: rombak

merombakkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

dirombakkan [patient focus + causative benefactive]

(intransitive) to be demolished, dismantled

to re-arrange; reorganise; revise; revamp something


mengabaikan

مڠابايکن (Jawi)


diabaikan

دأبايکن (Jawi)


terabai

تراباي (Jawi)

Affixation of ter- + abai (“neglectful”).


keterabaian

کتراباين (Jawi)


berabarkan

برابرکن (Jawi)

rumah berabarkan buluh

rumah berabarkan konkrit

(transitive) To have as a wall; -walled.


berabdas

برابدس (Jawi)


abdikan

abdikan (Jawi spelling عبديکن, formal active mengabdikan, 3rd person passive diabdikan)

عبديکن (Jawi)
mengabdikan (active formal)
diabdikan (passive third-person)


mengabdikan

مڠعبديکن (Jawi)


diabdikan

دعبديکن (Jawi)


mengabdi

مڠعبدي (Jawi)

Susulan perang itu, ramai orang dipaksa mengabdi di negara pihak pemenang.

After the war, many people were forced to be slaves in the country of the victor.

mengabdi kepada ibu pertiwi

(intransitive, used with kepada) To serve.


bisa mengabet

ms-verb

bisa mengabet (Jawi spelling بيسا مڠابت)

بيسا مڠابت (Jawi)


abjadkan

head

abjadkan (Jawi spelling ابجدکن, active mengabjadkan, 3rd person passive diabjadkan)

ابجدکن (Jawi)
mengabjadkan (active)
diabjadkan (passive third-person)


berabonemen

برابونمين (Jawi)

(Indonesia) Alternative form of abonemen.


memutih

مموتيه (Jawi)

(intransitive) To become white; to whiten.

(intransitive) To appear as if there are many of one.


putihkan

putihkan (Jawi spelling ڤوتيهکن, active memutihkan, 3rd person passive diputihkan)

ڤوتيهکن (Jawi)
memutihkan (active)
diputihkan (passive third-person)

(transitive) To make something white; to whiten.


hitamkan dan putihkan

هيتمکن دان ڤوتيهکن

hitamkan dan putihkan (Jawi spelling هيتمکن دان ڤوتيهکن, active menghitamkan dan memutihkan, 3rd person passive dihitamkan dan diputihkan)

هيتمکن دان ڤوتيهکن (Jawi)
menghitamkan dan memutihkan (active)
dihitamkan dan diputihkan (passive third-person)


هيتمکن دان ڤوتيهکن

ms-verb

هيتمکن دان ڤوتيهکن

hitamkan dan putihkan
hitamkan dan putihkan#Malay


menghitamkan dan memutihkan

Affixation of hitamkan dan putihkan + meng- -kan.


dihitamkan dan diputihkan

Affixation of hitamkan dan putihkan + di- -kan.

Third-person passive of hitamkan dan putihkan.


putihkan mata

head

putihkan mata (Jawi spelling ڤوتيهکن مات, active memutihkan mata, 3rd person passive diputihkan mata)

ڤوتيهکن مات (Jawi)
memutihkan mata (active)
diputihkan mata (passive third-person)


memutihkan mata

Affixation of putihkan mata + meng- -kan.


cerakin

cerakin (used in the form mencerakinkan)

Likely from Persian چاره آگين (čâre-âgin, literally “full of medicine”), see چاره (čâre, “medicine”). Sense of verb from backformation of affixed cerakinan i.e. contents inside the tray.

bor

(Malaysia) to break down a problem into its constituent points, to analyse


fasihkan

head

fasihkan (Jawi spelling فصيحکن, active memfasihkan, 3rd person passive difasihkan)

فصيحکن (Jawi)
memfasihkan (active)
difasihkan (passive third-person)


francaiskan

francaiskan (Jawi spelling فرنچاءيسکن, active memfrancaiskan, 3rd person passive difrancaiskan)

فرنچاءيسکن (Jawi)
memfrancaiskan (active)
difrancaiskan (passive third-person)


tatah

Indonesian: tatah


berinformasi

ms-verb

براينفورماسي

berinformasi (Jawi spelling براينفورماسي)

براينفورماسي (Jawi)


براينفورماسي

براينفورماسي


formalkan

head

formalkan (Jawi spelling فورملکن, active memformalkan, 3rd person passive diformalkan)

فورملکن (Jawi)
memformalkan (active)
diformalkan (passive third-person)


bekaskan

bekaskan (Jawi spelling بکسکن, active membekaskan, 3rd person passive dibekaskan)

بکسکن (Jawi)
membekaskan (active)
dibekaskan (passive third-person)

Peristiwa itu membekaskan rasa benci kepadanya dalam hati orang kampung.

That incident marked a feeling of hatred towards him in the hearts of the village people.

(transitive) To create as a mark on something; to mark.


berbekas

berbekas darah


membekas

membekas pada kain


entak

Malay: rentak (by rebracketing)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qetak (“slam down, ram down”). Doublet of hentak and antak.

inh

(obsolete) to let something drop or fall on another, to put something down with force

(obsolete) to stamp down on something, to pound


imaginasikan

head

ايماݢيناسيکن

imaginasikan (Jawi spelling ايماݢيناسيکن, active mengimaginasikan, 3rd person passive diimaginasikan)

ايماݢيناسيکن (Jawi)
mengimaginasikan (active)
diimaginasikan (passive third-person)


ايماݢيناسيکن

ms-verb

ايماݢيناسيکن


membayangkan

ممبايڠکن (Jawi)


dibayangkan

دبايڠکن (Jawi)


bayang-bayangkan

head

bayang-bayangkan (Jawi spelling بايڠ-بايڠکن, active membayang-bayangkan, 3rd person passive dibayang-bayangkan)

بايڠ-بايڠکن (Jawi)
membayang-bayangkan (active)
dibayang-bayangkan (passive third-person)


membayang-bayangkan

ms-verb

ممبايڠ-بايڠکن

membayang-bayangkan (Jawi spelling ممبايڠ-بايڠکن)

ممبايڠ-بايڠکن (Jawi)

Affixation of bayang-bayang + meng- -kan.


dibayang-bayangkan

دبايڠ-بايڠکن

dibayang-bayangkan (Jawi spelling دبايڠ-بايڠکن)

دبايڠ-بايڠکن (Jawi)

Third-person passive of bayang-bayangkan.


ممبايڠ-بايڠکن

ممبايڠ-بايڠکن


دبايڠ-بايڠکن

دبايڠ-بايڠکن


bayangi

head

bayangi (Jawi spelling بايڠي, active membayangi, 3rd person passive dibayangi)

بايڠي (Jawi)
membayangi (active)
dibayangi (passive third-person)
bayang-bayangi (alternative)

(transitive) to shadow (cast a shadow over something)


membayangi

ممبايڠي (Jawi)


dibayangi

دبايڠي (Jawi)


bayang-bayangi

bayang-bayangi (Jawi spelling بايڠ-بايڠي, active membayang-bayangi, 3rd person passive dibayang-bayangi)

بايڠ-بايڠي (Jawi)
membayang-bayangi (active)
dibayang-bayangi (passive third-person)


membayang-bayangi

ms-verb

ممبايڠ-بايڠي

membayang-bayangi (Jawi spelling ممبايڠ-بايڠي)

ممبايڠ-بايڠي (Jawi)


ممبايڠ-بايڠي

ممبايڠ-بايڠي


dibayang-bayangi

dibayang-bayangi (Jawi spelling دبايڠ-بايڠي)

دبايڠ-بايڠي (Jawi)


berbayang

بربايڠ (Jawi)
berbayang-bayang (alternative)

(intransitive) To appear or seem like a shadow.

(intransitive) To be apparent (in one's thoughts, etc.).


berbayang-bayang

berbayang-bayang (Jawi spelling بربايڠ-بايڠ)

بربايڠ-بايڠ (Jawi)


membayang

ممبايڠ (Jawi)

(intransitive) to appear like a shadow or blurry


terbayang

تربايڠ (Jawi)
terbayang-bayang (alternative)

(intransitive) To appear as if one could be seen.

(intransitive) To appear to have a shadow.


terbayang-bayang

terbayang-bayang (Jawi spelling تربايڠ-بايڠ)

تربايڠ-بايڠ (Jawi)


islamkan

head

islamkan (Jawi spelling إسلامکن, active mengislamkan, 3rd person passive diislamkan)

إسلامکن (Jawi)
mengislamkan (active)
diislamkan (passive third-person)

(transitive) To convert someone to Islam.


mengislamkan

مڠيسلامکن (Jawi)


diislamkan

دإسلامکن (Jawi)


masuk Islam

ماسوق إسلام (Jawi)


terletak

> Indonesian: terletak (inherited)


beriklan

براعلان (Jawi)

halaman beriklan

page with adverts (lit. "page that contains adverts")


iklankan

iklankan (Jawi spelling اعلانکن, active mengiklankan, 3rd person passive diiklankan)

اعلانکن (Jawi)
mengiklankan (active)
diiklankan (passive third-person)

(transitive) to advertise (provide information about a product, service, etc.)


mengiklankan

مڠيعلانکن (Jawi)


diiklankan

داءعلانکن (Jawi)


beroksigen

براوکسيݢن (Jawi)


oksigenkan

oksigenkan (Jawi spelling اوکسيݢنکن, active mengoksigenkan, 3rd person passive dioksigenkan)

اوکسيݢنکن (Jawi)
mengoksigenkan (active)
dioksigenkan (passive third-person)


mengoksigenkan

ms-verb

mengoksigenkan (Jawi spelling مڠوکسيݢنکن)

مڠوکسيݢنکن (Jawi)


dioksigenkan

dioksigenkan (Jawi spelling داءوکسيݢنکن)

داءوکسيݢنکن (Jawi)


داءوکسيݢنکن

دا^ءوکسيݢنکن


pengoksigenan

ڤڠوکسيݢنن (Jawi)


bertelefon

برتيليفون (Jawi)

(intransitive) to contain or include a telephone

Alya sedang bertelefon dengan teman lelakinya.

Alya is currently in a call with her boyfriend.

(intransitive) to be in a telephone call


berhibernasi

برهيبرناسي (Jawi)


bergraduasi

برݢرادواسي (Jawi)


pergi haji

(Islam) to go on a hajj (a pilgrimage to Mecca).


(Internet slang, text messaging) Abbreviation of setuju.


berparti

برڤرتي (Jawi)

Aku tak suka berparti sewaktu lewat malam.

I don't like partying late in the night.

Dia berparti dengan Parti Komunis Malaya.

He's affiliated with the Malayan Communist Party.

(intransitive) To be affiliated with a political party.


turun takhta

تورون تختا (Jawi)

Indonesian: turun takhta

Berita Sultan Muhammad V turun takhta sebagai Yang di-Pertuan Agong ke-15 membuatkan rakyat Malaysia kembali berminat untuk ambil tahu tentang proses pemilihan Ketua Negara ini.

2019, Ku Syafiq Ku Fozi, “Bagaimana Yang di-Pertuan Agong dipilih? [Why the Yang di-Pertuan Agong was elected?]”, in Utusan Online:

The news regarding Sultan Muhammad V abdicated as the 15th Yang di-Pertuan Agong made the Malaysians once more interested to find out about the process of electing the head of state.


bersosial

برسوسيال (Jawi)


bersosialisasi

برسوسياليساسي

bersosialisasi (Jawi spelling برسوسياليساسي)

برسوسياليساسي (Jawi)


برسوسياليساسي

برسوسياليساسي


sosialisasikan

head

سوسياليساسيکن

sosialisasikan (Jawi spelling سوسياليساسيکن, active mensosialkan, 3rd person passive disosialkan)

سوسياليساسيکن (Jawi)
mensosialkan (active)
disosialkan (passive third-person)

(transitive) To instruct (somebody), usually subconsciously and mostly by example, in the etiquette of a society.

(transitive, Indonesia) To take something into collective or governmental ownership.

ms:convert to collective or governmental ownership


سوسياليساسيکن

ms-verb

سوسياليساسيکن


celup

to dunk, to dip, to submerge briefly in some liquid (tea, milk, batter)

(rare) to soak or steep in a liquid for a long time (dye, broth etc.)


beranggap

براڠݢڤ (Jawi)

(transitive) to take turn drink and dance


gesek

> Indonesian: gesek (inherited)

to play stringed instruments, e.g. violins with a bow

Kalau tak dapat kacang sanubar, kacang gajus pun kita boleh gesek jadi pesto.

We can also grind cashew nuts into pesto if we can't get pine nuts.

to grind with a pestle and mortar into a paste


mencari jejak dalam air

منچاري ججق دالم اءير

mencari jejak dalam air (Jawi spelling منچاري ججق دالم اءير)

منچاري ججق دالم اءير (Jawi)

Literally, “to look for a trail/track in the water.”


منچاري ججق دالم اءير

ms-verb

منچاري ججق دالم ا^ءير

منچاري ججق دالم ا^ءير (canonical)

mencari jejak dalam air
mencari jejak dalam air#Malay

Jawi spelling of mencari jejak dalam air.

en-منچاري_ججق_دالم_اءير-ms-verb-FffZor2y


baui

head

baui (Jawi spelling باءوءي, active membaui, 3rd person passive dibaui, informal form bau)

باءوءي (Jawi)
membaui (active)
dibaui (passive third-person)
form bau (informal)

Bagasi-bagasi itu dibaui anjing itu untuk mengesani dadah.

Those lugagges are smelled by that dog to detect drugs.

Polis telah membaui aktiviti haram di sempadan.

Police have detected illegal activities at the border.

(figurative, transitive) To detect something.


merakyat

Ilmu dan budaya itu terus merakyat.

The knowledge and the culture went on to be spread amongst the people.

(intransitive) To be spread amongst the people.


rakyatkan

rakyatkan (Jawi spelling رعيتکن, active merakyatkan, 3rd person passive dirakyatkan)

رعيتکن (Jawi)
merakyatkan (active)
dirakyatkan (passive third-person)

(transitive) To spread something amongst the people.


tunggang

tunggang (Jawi spelling توڠݢڠ, formal active menunggang, 3rd person passive ditunggang, also used in the form tunggangi)

توڠݢڠ (Jawi)
menunggang (active formal)
ditunggang (passive third-person)
tunggangi (also used-in-the-form)

tunggang agama


menunggang

منوڠݢڠ (Jawi)


ditunggang

دتوڠݢڠ (Jawi)


luru

Sense of lens zooming popularized by Malaysian photographer Redzuan Ahmad.


luru

Kami nampak bunga ni halus dalamnya bila kami lurukan kamera.

We saw that the flower had an delicate interior as we zoom the camera in.

(Malaysia) to zoom into an image by changing the focal length of a camera's zoom lens.


tebuk

> Indonesian: tebuk (inherited)


memberus

ممبروس (Jawi)


rasuahi

rasuahi (Jawi spelling رسواهي, formal active merasuahi, 3rd person passive dirasuahi)

رسواهي (Jawi)
merasuahi (active formal)
dirasuahi (passive third-person)

(transitive) To give a bribe to someone; to bribe.


merasuahi

مرسواهي (Jawi)


dirasuahi

درسواهي (Jawi)


berhadiah

برهديه (Jawi)


hadiahi

hadiahi (Jawi spelling هديهي, active menghadiahi, 3rd person passive dihadiahi)

هديهي (Jawi)
menghadiahi (active)
dihadiahi (passive third-person)

Adam menghadiahi ibunya sebuah rumah.


menghadiahi

مڠهديهي (Jawi)


dihadiahi

دهديهي (Jawi)


hadiahkan

hadiahkan (Jawi spelling هديهکن, active menghadiahkan, 3rd person passive dihadiahkan)

هديهکن (Jawi)
menghadiahkan (active)
dihadiahkan (passive third-person)

Adam menghadiahkan sebuah rumah kepada ibunya.


menghadiahkan

مڠهديهکن (Jawi)


dihadiahkan

دهديهکن (Jawi)


kafirkan

kafirkan (Jawi spelling کافيرکن, active mengkafirkan, 3rd person passive dikafirkan)

کافيرکن (Jawi)
mengkafirkan (active)
dikafirkan (passive third-person)

"Para ulama sudah bersepakat memutuskan bahawa tiada mana-mana orang yang berhak mengkafirkan seorang Muslim meskipun dia didapati melakukan apa-apa perbuatan maksiat.

2024, Muhammad Azizul Osman, “Perbuatan mengkafirkan sesama umat Islam fenomena bahaya, ekstrem - Mufti [Act of considering others kafirs amongst Muslims a dangerous and extreme phenomenon - Mufti]”, in Harian Metro:

"The ulema have together decided that no person has the right to consider another Muslim a kafir even if they have been caught doing any vice acts.

(transitive) To consider or say someone is a kafir.


mengkafirkan

مڠکافيرکن (Jawi)


dikafirkan

دکافيرکن (Jawi)


memendek

ممينديق (Jawi)


pendekkan

pendekkan (Jawi spelling ڤينديقکن, formal active memendekkan, 3rd person passive dipendekkan)

ڤينديقکن (Jawi)
memendekkan (active formal)
dipendekkan (passive third-person)


memendekkan

ممينديقکن (Jawi)


dipendekkan

دڤينديقکن (Jawi)


beristirahat

beristirahat (Jawi spelling براستراهة, bare form istirahat)

براستراهة (Jawi)

(intransitive) To take a break; to rest.


runut

runut (Jawi spelling رونوت, formal active merunut, 3rd person passive dirunut)

رونوت (Jawi)
merunut (active formal)
dirunut (passive third-person)

(figurative, transitive) To investigate.


dirunut

درونوت (Jawi)


runuti

runuti (Jawi spelling رونوتي, formal active merunuti, 3rd person passive dirunuti)

رونوتي (Jawi)
merunuti (active formal)
dirunuti (passive third-person)


merunuti

مرونوتي (Jawi)


dirunuti

درونوتي (Jawi)


memuat turun

memuat turun (Jawi spelling مموات تورون)

مموات تورون (Jawi)


dimuat turun

dimuat turun (Jawi spelling دموات تورون)

دموات تورون (Jawi)


meringkik

مريڠکيق (Jawi)


godam

(transitive) To strike (something) with a sledgehammer.

(transitive) Giving a heavy pounding blow with a blunt weapon.

(computer security, telecommunications) to hack.


tak payah

تق ڤايه (Jawi)

Tak payah malu.


larangkan

larangkan (Jawi spelling لارڠکن, formal active melarangkan, 3rd person passive dilarangkan)

لارڠکن (Jawi)
melarangkan (active formal)
dilarangkan (passive third-person)

Mak sudah melarangkan filem itu.


melarangkan

ملارڠکن (Jawi)


dilarangkan

دلارڠکن (Jawi)


برايکن

Jawi spelling of berikan (“to contain fish; to fish”).


berhadis

برحديث (Jawi)

(intransitive) To use hadiths as proof for something.


mencapati

منچڤاتي (Jawi)


dicapati

دچڤاتي (Jawi)


turun padang

تورون ڤادڠ (Jawi)

Compound of turun + padang, literally meaning "to go down to the fields".

(politics, intransitive) To go down to the ground and see for oneself the problems of the people.


nasionalisasikan

ناسيوناليساسيکن

nasionalisasikan (Jawi spelling ناسيوناليساسيکن, formal active menasionalisasikan, 3rd person active dinasionalisasikan)

ناسيوناليساسيکن (Jawi)
menasionalisasikan (active formal)
dinasionalisasikan (active third-person)

(transitive) to nationalize (bring into public or state ownership)


ناسيوناليساسيکن

ms-verb

ناسيوناليساسيکن


menasionalisasikan

head

مناسيوناليساسيکن

menasionalisasikan (Jawi spelling مناسيوناليساسيکن)

مناسيوناليساسيکن (Jawi)

Affixation of nasionalisasi + meng- -kan.


مناسيوناليساسيکن

مناسيوناليساسيکن


dinasionalisasikan

دناسيوناليساسيکن

dinasionalisasikan (Jawi spelling دناسيوناليساسيکن)

دناسيوناليساسيکن (Jawi)

Third-person passive of nasionalisasikan.


دناسيوناليساسيکن

دناسيوناليساسيکن


mengabah

ms-verb

mengabah (Jawi spelling مڠابه, intransitive)


mengabahkan

مڠابهکن (Jawi)

Affixation of abah (“direction”) + meng- -kan.


diabahkan

دأبهکن (Jawi)

Affixation of abah (“direction”) + di- -kan.


berabangkan

berabangkan (Jawi spelling برابڠکن, transitive)

برابڠکن (Jawi)

berabangkan polis


animasikan

head

animasikan (Jawi spelling انيماسيکن, formal active menganimasikan, 3rd person passive dianimasikan)

انيماسيکن (Jawi)
menganimasikan (active formal)
dianimasikan (passive third-person)

Affixation of animasi (“animation”) + -kan.


menganimasikan

menganimasikan (Jawi spelling مڠانيماسيکن)

مڠانيماسيکن (Jawi)

Affixation of animasi (“animation”) + meng- -kan.


dianimasikan

دأنيماسيکن (Jawi)

Affixation of animasi (“animation”) + di- -kan.


berjelas-jelas

ms-verb

berjelas-jelas (Jawi spelling برجلس - جلس, intransitive)

برجلس - جلس (Jawi)

Adam berjelas-jelas mengenai penglibatannya dalam kes buli itu.

Adam was open about his involvement in the bullying.

To be clear and open (not hide anything).


jelaskan

head

jelaskan (Jawi spelling جلسکن, formal active menjelaskan, 3rd person passive dijelaskan)

جلسکن (Jawi)
menjelaskan (active formal)
dijelaskan (passive third-person)


perjelas

perjelas (Jawi spelling ڤرجلس, formal active memperjelas, 3rd person passive diperjelas)

ڤرجلس (Jawi)
memperjelas (active formal)
diperjelas (passive third-person)

(transitive) To clarify (make something clearer).


memperjelas

ممڤرجلس (Jawi)


diperjelas

دڤرجلس (Jawi)


melebar

(intransitive) To become wide or wider; to widen.


perlebar

perlebar (Jawi spelling ڤرليبر, formal active memperlebar, 3rd person passive diperlebar)

ڤرليبر (Jawi)
memperlebar (active formal)
diperlebar (passive third-person)

Tindakan memperlebar jalan bagi menampung peningkatan trafik tidak cerdik sebenarnya.

Widening the road to adapt to an increase in traffic isn't smart actually.


memperlebar

ممڤرليبر (Jawi)


diperlebar

دڤرليبر (Jawi)


lebarkan

lebarkan (Jawi spelling ليبرکن, formal active melebarkan, 3rd person passive dilebarkan)

ليبرکن (Jawi)
melebarkan (active formal)
dilebarkan (passive third-person)


melebarkan

مليبرکن (Jawi)


dilebarkan

دليبرکن (Jawi)


main sabun

ماءين سابون (Jawi)


abrit-abritan

ms-verb

ابريت-ابريتن

abrit-abritan (Jawi spelling ابريت-ابريتن)

ابريت-ابريتن (Jawi)

(Batavian Malay, intransitive) to run around in a disorderly manner


ابريت-ابريتن

ابريت-ابريتن


mengabsahkan

head

mengabsahkan (Jawi spelling مڠبسهکن, 1st/2nd person passive absahkan, 3rd person passive diabsahkan)

مڠبسهکن (Jawi)
diabsahkan (passive third-person)


diabsahkan

دأبسهکن (Jawi)

Third-person passive of mengabsahkan (“to validate”).


absahkan

ابسهکن (Jawi)

Imperative or first-person and second-person passive of mengabsahkan (“to validate”).


abstrakkan

ابسترککن (Jawi)

Imperative or first-person and second-person passive of mengabstrakkan (“to abstract”).


ابسترککن

ابسترککنJawi spelling of abstrakkan. (canonical)


diabstrakkan

دأبسترککن (Jawi)

Third-person passive of mengabstrakkan (“to abstract”).


mengabui

mengabui (Jawi spelling مڠابوءي, imperative/1st & 2nd person passive abui, 3rd person passive diabui)

مڠابوءي (Jawi)
diabui (passive third-person)

Affixation of abu + meng- -i. The second usage is a clipping of mengabui mata, meaning literally "to put ash on the eyes".


diabui

دأبوءي (Jawi)


mengabui mata

Compound of mengabui + mata, meaning literally "to put ash on the eyes".


mengabuk

mengabuk (Jawi spelling مڠابوق, imperative/1st & 2nd person passive abuk, 3rd person passive diabuk)

مڠابوق (Jawi)
diabuk (passive third-person)


mengabur

مڠابور (Jawi)


beracah-acah

براچه-اچه (Jawi)

Affixation of ber- + reduplication of acah.

af

reduplication of <i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">acah</i>


mengacah

Adam mengacah tak reti bermain bola sepak.

Adam feigned not knowing how to play football.


mengacah-acah

مڠاچه-اچه (Jawi)

Affixation of meng- + reduplication of acah.

Adam mengacah-acah tak reti bermain bola sepak.

Adam kept on feigning not knowing how to play football.

(intransitive) to feign repeatedly, to keep on feigning


berkota

برکوتا (Jawi)

petempatan berkota

negeri yang berkota besar

(figurative) To be fulfilled and not broken (of a promise, words, etc.).


mengotai

head

mengotai (Jawi spelling مڠوتاءي, first/second person passive kotai, third person passive dikotai)

مڠوتاءي (Jawi)
dikotai (passive third-person)

(transitive) To build a fort on something.


dikotai

دکوتاءي (Jawi)


berkotakan

برکوتاکن (Jawi)


memperkotakan

memperkotakan (Jawi spelling ممڤرکوتاکن, first/second person passive perkotakan, third person passive diperkotakan)

ممڤرکوتاکن (Jawi)
diperkotakan (passive third-person)

(transitive) To keep or fulfil (a promise, what one says, etc.).


perkotakan

ڤرکوتاکن (Jawi)

First-person and second-person passive of memperkotakan.


diperkotakan

دڤرکوتاکن (Jawi)


mengotakan

mengotakan (Jawi spelling مڠوتاکن, first/second person passive kotakan, third person passive dikotakan)

مڠوتاکن (Jawi)
dikotakan (passive third-person)

(obsolete) To use as a rampart, to strengthen a place with.


kotakan

کوتاکن (Jawi)

First-person and second-person passive of mengotakan.


dikotakan

دکوتاکن (Jawi)


membandarkan

membandarkan (Jawi spelling ممباندرکن, first/second person passive bandarkan, third person passive dibandarkan)

ممباندرکن (Jawi)
dibandarkan (passive third-person)


bandarkan

باندرکن (Jawi)

First-person and second-person passive of membandarkan.


dibandarkan

دباندرکن (Jawi)


mengacak

mengacak (Jawi spelling مڠاچق, first/second person passive acak, third person passive diacak)

مڠاچق (Jawi)
diacak (passive third-person)


acapi

acapi (Jawi spelling اچڤي, active mengacapi, 3rd person passive diacapi)

اچڤي (Jawi)
mengacapi (active)
diacapi (passive third-person)

(transitive) To fill something with water (by soaking or flooding it).


mengacapi

مڠاچڤي (Jawi)


mengacar

Affixation of meng- + acar (“pickle, achar”).

(intransitive) To make pickles or achar.


membantai

to slaughter; to cut off (animal's neck).


berbantal

بربنتل (Jawi)


nyunyut

Possibly from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ñutñut (“suck, pull at with the lips”).

inh

(transitive) to stretch (by pulling an object)


nyonyot

(colloquial) Alternative form of nyunyut


mengelokkan

head

mengelokkan (Jawi spelling مڠيلوقکن, bare form elokkan, third person passive dielokkan)

مڠيلوقکن (Jawi)
dielokkan (passive third-person)

(transitive) to make something good (of an action or circumstance)

(transitive) to make something beautiful


elokkan

ايلوقکن (Jawi)


dielokkan

دأيلوقکن (Jawi)


memperelok

memperelok (Jawi spelling ممڤرايلوق, bare form perelok, third person passive diperelok)

ممڤرايلوق (Jawi)
diperelok (passive third-person)

(transitive) to make something better; to improve (of an action or circumstance)

(transitive) to make something more beautiful; to beautify


perelok

ڤرايلوق (Jawi)


diperelok

دڤرايلوق (Jawi)


mempreviu

mempreviu (Jawi spelling ممڤريۏيو, bare form previu, third person passive dipreviu)

ممڤريۏيو (Jawi)
dipreviu (passive third-person)


dipreviu

دڤريۏيو (Jawi)


curiga-mencurigai

ms-verb

چوريݢ-منچوريݢاءي

curiga-mencurigai (Jawi spelling چوريݢ-منچوريݢاءي)

چوريݢ-منچوريݢاءي (Jawi)

(intransitive) To be suspicious of each other.


چوريݢ-منچوريݢاءي

چوريݢ-منچوريݢا^ءي

چوريݢ-منچوريݢا^ءي (canonical)


mencurigai

head

mencurigai (Jawi spelling منچوريݢاءي, bare form curigai, third person passive dicurigai)

منچوريݢاءي (Jawi)
dicurigai (passive third-person)

Adam mencurigai orang itu.


curigai

چوريݢاءي (Jawi)


dicurigai

دچوريݢاءي (Jawi)


ganjat

/ˈɡand͡ʒɛʔ/ [ˈɡaɲ.d͡ʒɛʔ]

Inherited from Classical Malay ݢنجت (ganjat).

inh+

(intransitive) to have a cramp (of muscle)


memasarkan

head

memasarkan (Jawi spelling مماسرکن, bare form pasarkan, third person passive dipasarkan)

مماسرکن (Jawi)
dipasarkan (passive third-person)


pasarkan

ڤاسرکن (Jawi)


dipasarkan

دڤاسرکن (Jawi)


menoleh

menoleh (Jawi spelling منوليه, bare form toleh)

منوليه (Jawi)


menolehkan

menolehkan (Jawi spelling منوليهکن, bare form tolehkan, third person passive ditolehkan)

منوليهکن (Jawi)
ditolehkan (passive third-person)

Adam menolehkan mukanya ke komputernya.

(transitive) To turn something (especially one's face).


tolehkan

توليهکن (Jawi)


ditolehkan

دتوليهکن (Jawi)


tertoleh-toleh

ms-verb

ترتوليه-توليه

tertoleh-toleh (Jawi spelling ترتوليه-توليه)

ترتوليه-توليه (Jawi)

Affixation of ter- + reduplication of toleh.

af

reduplication of <i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">toleh</i>


ترتوليه-توليه

ms-verb

ترتوليه-توليه


berehat

head

berehat (Jawi spelling بريحت, bare form rehat)


merehatkan

merehatkan (Jawi spelling مريحتکن, bare form rehatkan, third person passive direhatkan)

مريحتکن (Jawi)
direhatkan (passive third-person)

Affixation of rehat (“rest”) + meng- -kan.


rehatkan

ريحتکن (Jawi)


direhatkan

دريحتکن (Jawi)

Affixation of rehat (“rest”) + di- -kan.


mengistirahatkan

mengistirahatkan (Jawi spelling مڠيستراهتکن, bare form istirahatkan, third person passive diistirahatkan)

مڠيستراهتکن (Jawi)
diistirahatkan (passive third-person)