lima

lima (Jawi spelling ليم, plural lima-lima, informal 1st possessive limaku, 2nd possessive limamu, 3rd possessive limanya)

ليم (Jawi)
lima-lima (plural)
limaku (first-person informal possessive)
limamu (possessive second-person)
limanya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *lima, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *lima, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *lima, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lima, from Proto-Austronesian *lima. Sense of hand almost completely displaced by tangan minus a few affixed or compound words.


cucu

ms-noun

cucu (Jawi spelling چوچو, plural cucu-cucu, informal 1st possessive cucuku, 2nd possessive cucumu, 3rd possessive cucunya)

چوچو (Jawi)
cucu-cucu (plural)
cucuku (first-person informal possessive)
cucumu (possessive second-person)
cucunya (possessive third-person)

Baba Malay: chuchu

Brunei Malay: cucu

Indonesian: cucu

→ Makasar: cucu

→ Manado Malay: cucu

Attested in the Laguna Copperplate Inscription, 900 AD, as [script needed] (cucu). From Proto-Malayic *cucuʔ. Probably from duplication of Proto-Mon-Khmer *cuuʔ (“grandchild”).


dewa

dewa (Jawi spelling ديوا, plural dewa-dewa, informal 1st possessive dewaku, 2nd possessive dewamu, 3rd possessive dewanya)

ديوا (Jawi)
dewa-dewa (plural)
dewaku (first-person informal possessive)
dewamu (possessive second-person)
dewanya (possessive third-person)


litium

ليتيوم (Jawi)

From English lithium, from New Latin lithium.


ujan

ujan (Jawi spelling اوجن, plural ujan-ujan, informal 1st possessive ujanku, 2nd possessive ujanmu, 3rd possessive ujannya)

اوجن (Jawi)
ujan-ujan (plural)
ujanku (first-person informal possessive)
ujanmu (possessive second-person)
ujannya (possessive third-person)

(dialect, Brunei) Alternative form of hujan (“rain”)


bin

From Classical Malay bin, from Arabic بِن (bin, “son”). Cognate to Indonesian bin.

Amir bin Aiman
Amir bin Aiman


aerodinamik

اءيروديناميک

aerodinamik (Jawi spelling اءيروديناميک, plural aerodinamik-aerodinamik, informal 1st possessive aerodinamikku, 2nd possessive aerodinamikmu, 3rd possessive aerodinamiknya)

اءيروديناميک (Jawi)
aerodinamik-aerodinamik (plural)
aerodinamikku (first-person informal possessive)
aerodinamikmu (possessive second-person)
aerodinamiknya (possessive third-person)

From English aerodynamic and aerodynamics.


عين

عين (Rumi spelling ain, plural عين-عين or عين٢, informal 1st possessive عينکو, 2nd possessive عينمو, 3rd possessive عينڽ)

ain (Rumi)
عين-عين (plural)
عين٢ (plural)
عينکو (first-person informal possessive)
عينمو (possessive second-person)
عينڽ (possessive third-person)


aba-aba

Borrowed from Indonesian aba-aba, from Javanese ꦲꦧꦲꦧ (aba-aba, “verbal command”).


aksara

ms-noun

aksara (Jawi spelling اکسارا, plural aksara-aksara, informal 1st possessive aksaraku, 2nd possessive aksaramu, 3rd possessive aksaranya)

اکسارا (Jawi)
aksara-aksara (plural)
aksaraku (first-person informal possessive)
aksaramu (possessive second-person)
aksaranya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: aksara

Borrowed from Sanskrit अक्षर (akṣara, “alphabet”).

aksara Kawi


paya

paya (Jawi spelling ڤايا, plural paya-paya, informal 1st possessive payaku, 2nd possessive payamu, 3rd possessive payanya)

ڤايا (Jawi)
paya-paya (plural)
payaku (first-person informal possessive)
payamu (possessive second-person)
payanya (possessive third-person)


pawana

pawana (Jawi spelling ڤاوان, plural pawana-pawana, informal 1st possessive pawanaku, 2nd possessive pawanamu, 3rd possessive pawananya)

ڤاوان (Jawi)
pawana-pawana (plural)
pawanaku (first-person informal possessive)
pawanamu (possessive second-person)
pawananya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: pawana


monyet

monyet (Jawi spelling موڽيت, plural monyet-monyet, informal 1st possessive monyetku, 2nd possessive monyetmu, 3rd possessive monyetnya)

موڽيت (Jawi)
monyet-monyet (plural)
monyetku (first-person informal possessive)
monyetmu (possessive second-person)
monyetnya (possessive third-person)

Monyet suka makan pisang.


misa

From Portuguese missa (“mass”), from Old Galician-Portuguese missa, from Late Latin missa (“mass”), from Latin mittō (“I send”), from Proto-Indo-European *meyth₂- (“to exchange, remove”).


minit

ms-noun

minit (Jawi spelling مينيت, plural minit-minit, informal 1st possessive minitku, 2nd possessive minitmu, 3rd possessive minitnya)

مينيت (Jawi)
minit-minit (plural)
minitku (first-person informal possessive)
minitmu (possessive second-person)
minitnya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from English minute, from Old French minut, from Medieval Latin minūta.

a (usually formal) written record of a meeting or a part of a meeting.


misai

misai (Jawi spelling ميساي, plural misai-misai, informal 1st possessive misaiku, 2nd possessive misaimu, 3rd possessive misainya)

ميساي (Jawi)
misai-misai (plural)
misaiku (first-person informal possessive)
misaimu (possessive second-person)
misainya (possessive third-person)


cabai

cabai (Jawi spelling چاباي, plural cabai-cabai, informal 1st possessive cabaiku, 2nd possessive cabaimu, 3rd possessive cabainya)

چاباي (Jawi)
cabai-cabai (plural)
cabaiku (first-person informal possessive)
cabaimu (possessive second-person)
cabainya (possessive third-person)

From Old Javanese cabe, cabya, cawya, cawi (“pepper”), from Sanskrit चव्य, चवि (cavya, cavi, “Piper chaba”).

der

(dialect) chili: the pungent, spicy fresh or dried fruit of any of several cultivated varieties of capsicum peppers, used in cooking.

(dialect) chili pepper: any fruit of a plant of the botanical genus Capsicum, which has a spicy/burning flavour because it contains capsaicin.


lada

ms-noun

lada (Jawi spelling لادا, plural lada-lada, informal 1st possessive ladaku, 2nd possessive ladamu, 3rd possessive ladanya)

لادا (Jawi)
lada-lada (plural)
ladaku (first-person informal possessive)
ladamu (possessive second-person)
ladanya (possessive third-person)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lajaq or *laja.
* Semantic loan from Minangkabau lado (“chili pepper”), via particularly the Negeri Sembilan dialect.


singa

ms-noun

singa (Jawi spelling سيڠا, plural singa-singa, informal 1st possessive singaku, 2nd possessive singamu, 3rd possessive singanya)

سيڠا (Jawi)
singa-singa (plural)
singaku (first-person informal possessive)
singamu (possessive second-person)
singanya (possessive third-person)

→ Bau Bidayuh: singa

→ Central Melanau: singa

desctree

> Indonesian: singa (inherited)
→ Nalca: singa

→ Maranao: singa

Borrowed from Sanskrit सिंह (siṃhá, “lion”).


teh

ms-noun

teh (Jawi spelling تيه, informal 1st possessive tehku, 2nd possessive tehmu, 3rd possessive tehnya)

تيه (Jawi)
tehku (first-person informal possessive)
tehmu (possessive second-person)
tehnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: teh


belerang

Buginese: belérang

Indonesian: belerang

From belirang, from Proto-Malayic *bAliraŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *baliraŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *baliraŋ.


gema

gema (Jawi spelling ݢما, plural gema-gema, informal 1st possessive gemaku, 2nd possessive gemamu, 3rd possessive gemanya)

ݢما (Jawi)
gema-gema (plural)
gemaku (first-person informal possessive)
gemamu (possessive second-person)
gemanya (possessive third-person)


geta

geta (Jawi spelling ݢتا, plural geta-geta, informal 1st possessive getaku, 2nd possessive getamu, 3rd possessive getanya)

ݢتا (Jawi)
geta-geta (plural)
getaku (first-person informal possessive)
getamu (possessive second-person)
getanya (possessive third-person)


bea

Indonesian: bea

zh-l

傌仔／㐷仔 (bé-á)

→ Min Nan: 傌仔／㐷仔 (bé-á)


bandar

ms-noun

bandar (Jawi spelling باندر, plural bandar-bandar, informal 1st possessive bandarku, 2nd possessive bandarmu, 3rd possessive bandarnya)

باندر (Jawi)
bandar-bandar (plural)
bandarku (first-person informal possessive)
bandarmu (possessive second-person)
bandarnya (possessive third-person)

Comparison of Standard Malay and Indonesian

Indonesian: bandar

→ Iranun: bandar

desctree

→ Javanese: ꦧꦤ꧀ꦢꦂ (bandar)
→ Indonesian: bandar (semantic loan)

→ Maranao: bandar

From Persian بندر (bandar, “port, harbour”).


pala

ms-noun

pala (Jawi spelling ڤالا, plural pala-pala, informal 1st possessive palaku, 2nd possessive palamu, 3rd possessive palanya)

ڤالا (Jawi)
pala-pala (plural)
palaku (first-person informal possessive)
palamu (possessive second-person)
palanya (possessive third-person)

From Sanskrit फल (phala). Doublet of pahala.

Myristica fragrans
Myristica fragrans#Translingual


bakat

bakat (Jawi spelling باکت, plural bakat-bakat, informal 1st possessive bakatku, 2nd possessive bakatmu, 3rd possessive bakatnya)

باکت (Jawi)
bakat-bakat (plural)
bakatku (first-person informal possessive)
bakatmu (possessive second-person)
bakatnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: bakat


dingo

dingo (Jawi spelling ديڠو, plural dingo-dingo, informal 1st possessive dingoku, 2nd possessive dingomu, 3rd possessive dingonya)

ديڠو (Jawi)
dingo-dingo (plural)
dingoku (first-person informal possessive)
dingomu (possessive second-person)
dingonya (possessive third-person)

From English dingo, from Dharug dingu (“tame dingo”).


nana

nana (Jawi spelling نان, plural nana-nana, informal 1st possessive nanaku, 2nd possessive nanamu, 3rd possessive nananya)

نان (Jawi)
nana-nana (plural)
nanaku (first-person informal possessive)
nanamu (possessive second-person)
nananya (possessive third-person)

bor

Tamil அண்ணா (aṇṇā)


guru

ms-noun

guru (Jawi spelling ݢورو, plural guru-guru, informal 1st possessive guruku, 2nd possessive gurumu, 3rd possessive gurunya)

ݢورو (Jawi)
guru-guru (plural)
guruku (first-person informal possessive)
gurumu (possessive second-person)
gurunya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: guru

→ Tagalog: gulo, → guro (learned)

From Sanskrit गुरु (gurú, “teacher, sage”) via Old Javanese, from Proto-Indo-Aryan *gr̥Húṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gr̥Húš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥h₂ús (“heavy”).


magnet

magnet (Jawi spelling مݢنيت, plural magnet-magnet, informal 1st possessive magnetku, 2nd possessive magnetmu, 3rd possessive magnetnya)

مݢنيت (Jawi)
magnet-magnet (plural)
magnetku (first-person informal possessive)
magnetmu (possessive second-person)
magnetnya (possessive third-person)

From English magnet, from Middle English magnete, via Old French magnete, Latin magnēs, magnētem (“lodestone”), from Ancient Greek μαγνῆτις [λίθος] (magnêtis [líthos], “Magnesian [stone]”).

der

μαγνῆτις 􂀿λίθος􂁀


mantra

ms-noun

mantra (Jawi spelling منترا, plural mantra-mantra, informal 1st possessive mantraku, 2nd possessive mantramu, 3rd possessive mantranya)

منترا (Jawi)
mantra-mantra (plural)
mantraku (first-person informal possessive)
mantramu (possessive second-person)
mantranya (possessive third-person)


laki

laki (Jawi spelling لاکي, plural laki-laki, informal 1st possessive lakiku, 2nd possessive lakimu, 3rd possessive lakinya)

لاکي (Jawi)
laki-laki (plural)
lakiku (first-person informal possessive)
lakimu (possessive second-person)
lakinya (possessive third-person)

First attested in the Talang Tuo inscription, 684 AD, as Old Malay [script needed] (lāki).


hidrogen

hidrogen (Jawi spelling هيدروݢن, informal 1st possessive hidrogenku, 2nd possessive hidrogenmu, 3rd possessive hidrogennya)

هيدروݢن (Jawi)
hidrogenku (first-person informal possessive)
hidrogenmu (possessive second-person)
hidrogennya (possessive third-person)

From English hydrogen, from French hydrogène, from Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr) + γεννάω (gennáō).


plumbum

ڤلومبوم (Jawi)

From Latin plumbum, related to Ancient Greek μόλυβδος (mólubdos).


akustik

akustik (Jawi spelling اکوستيک, informal 1st possessive akustikku, 2nd possessive akustikmu, 3rd possessive akustiknya)

اکوستيک (Jawi)
akustikku (first-person informal possessive)
akustikmu (possessive second-person)
akustiknya (possessive third-person)

From Ancient Greek ἀκουστῐκός (akoustĭkós, “of or for hearing”), from ἀκούω (akoúō, “to hear”) + -ῐκός (-ĭkós, adjectival suffix).


yogurt

ms-noun

yogurt (Jawi spelling يوݢورت, plural yogurt-yogurt, informal 1st possessive yogurtku, 2nd possessive yogurtmu, 3rd possessive yogurtnya)

يوݢورت (Jawi)
yogurt-yogurt (plural)
yogurtku (first-person informal possessive)
yogurtmu (possessive second-person)
yogurtnya (possessive third-person)


alfabet

alfabet (Jawi spelling الفابت, plural alfabet-alfabet, informal 1st possessive alfabetku, 2nd possessive alfabetmu, 3rd possessive alfabetnya)

الفابت (Jawi)
alfabet-alfabet (plural)
alfabetku (first-person informal possessive)
alfabetmu (possessive second-person)
alfabetnya (possessive third-person)

From Dutch alfabet, from Late Latin alphabētum, from Ancient Greek ἀλφάβητος (alphábētos).

alfabet Inggeris

(informal) An alphabet; an ordered set of letters used in a language.


surat

surat (Jawi spelling سورت, plural surat-surat, informal 1st possessive suratku, 2nd possessive suratmu, 3rd possessive suratnya)

سورت (Jawi)
surat-surat (plural)
suratku (first-person informal possessive)
suratmu (possessive second-person)
suratnya (possessive third-person)

→ Bikol Central: surat

Indonesian: surat
→ Tetum: surat

→ Malagasy: soratra

→ Tagalog: sulat

→ Ternate: surat


emas

emas (Jawi spelling امس, plural emas-emas, informal 1st possessive emasku, 2nd possessive emasmu, 3rd possessive emasnya)

امس (Jawi)
emas-emas (plural)
emasku (first-person informal possessive)
emasmu (possessive second-person)
emasnya (possessive third-person)

Several etymologies have been proposed:
* From Sanskrit माष (māṣa, “particular weight of gold”). Compare to Bengali মাস্ (maś).
* From Pre-Angkorian Old Khmer mās ~ mas (“gold”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *jmaas, an infixed form of *jaas (“to shine”). Compare Old Mon yimās (“shining (gold)”) and yās (“dawn; to shine”).

der

pingat emas

Harga emas berlegar menghampiri paras terendah dalam empat minggu apabila kekuatan dolar Amerika Syarikat membatasi permintaan terhadap aset selamat itu.

2022 June 14, Reuters, “Harga emas terendah dalam empat minggu”, in Malaysiakini:

mengemasi [agent focus + causative benefactive]

peremasan [causative passive + resultative


batik

ms-noun

batik (Jawi spelling باتيق, plural batik-batik, informal 1st possessive batikku, 2nd possessive batikmu, 3rd possessive batiknya)

باتيق (Jawi)
batik-batik (plural)
batikku (first-person informal possessive)
batikmu (possessive second-person)
batiknya (possessive third-person)


labial

head

labial (Jawi spelling لابيال, also used in the form bunyi labial)

لابيال (Jawi)
bunyi labial (also used-in-the-form)

From English labial, from Medieval Latin labiālis (“of or pertaining to the lips”), from labium (“a lip”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix).

af

(linguistics, phonetics) A labial consonant.


pion

ms-noun

pion (Jawi spelling ڤيون, plural pion-pion, informal 1st possessive pionku, 2nd possessive pionmu, 3rd possessive pionnya)

ڤيون (Jawi)
pion-pion (plural)
pionku (first-person informal possessive)
pionmu (possessive second-person)
pionnya (possessive third-person)

From Indonesian pion, from Dutch pion (“pawn”), from French pion, from Old French peon, poon, paon, from Late Latin pedō, pedōnem (“footsoldier”), from Latin pēs, pedem (“foot”). Doublet of piung.


sen

ms-noun

sen (Jawi spelling سين, plural sen-sen, informal 1st possessive senku, 2nd possessive senmu, 3rd possessive sennya)

سين (Jawi)
sen-sen (plural)
senku (first-person informal possessive)
senmu (possessive second-person)
sennya (possessive third-person)

From English cent, from Old French cent (“hundred”), from Latin centum, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.


sial

Either from English sial or a blend of silikon (“silicon”) + aluminium (“aluminium”).


sima

Either from English sima or a blend of silikon (“silicon”) + magnesium.


bait

ms-noun

bait (Jawi spelling بيت, plural bait-bait, informal 1st possessive baitku, 2nd possessive baitmu, 3rd possessive baitnya)

بيت (Jawi)
bait-bait (plural)
baitku (first-person informal possessive)
baitmu (possessive second-person)
baitnya (possessive third-person)

→ Indonesian: bait

From Arabic بَيْت (bayt), from Proto-Semitic *bayt-.

home (house or structure in which someone lives)

(literature) couplet (a pair of lines in poetry)


bait

bait (Jawi spelling باٴيت, plural bait-bait, informal 1st possessive baitku, 2nd possessive baitmu, 3rd possessive baitnya)

باٴيت (Jawi)
bait-bait (plural)
baitku (first-person informal possessive)
baitmu (possessive second-person)
baitnya (possessive third-person)


stadium

stadium (Jawi spelling ستاديوم, plural stadium-stadium, informal 1st possessive stadiumku, 2nd possessive stadiummu, 3rd possessive stadiumnya)

ستاديوم (Jawi)
stadium-stadium (plural)
stadiumku (first-person informal possessive)
stadiummu (possessive second-person)
stadiumnya (possessive third-person)

From English stadium, from Latin stadium, from Ancient Greek στάδιον (stádion), from στάδιος (stádios), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-.

stadium (venue where sporting events are held)


laksa

laksa (Jawi spelling لقسا, plural laksa-laksa, informal 1st possessive laksaku, 2nd possessive laksamu, 3rd possessive laksanya)

لقسا (Jawi)
laksa-laksa (plural)
laksaku (first-person informal possessive)
laksamu (possessive second-person)
laksanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: laksa

→ English: laksa

From possibly either:
* Classical Persian لاکچه (lākča, “pasta put into broth”)
* Sanskrit लाक्षा (lākṣā, “red dye; lac”)

der

laksa (a spicy stew from Indonesia or Malaysia)


pipi

ms-noun

pipi (Jawi spelling ڤيڤي, plural pipi-pipi, informal 1st possessive pipiku, 2nd possessive pipimu, 3rd possessive pipinya)

ڤيڤي (Jawi)
pipi-pipi (plural)
pipiku (first-person informal possessive)
pipimu (possessive second-person)
pipinya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *pipi, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pipi.


batu

batu (Jawi spelling باتو, plural batu-batu, informal 1st possessive batuku, 2nd possessive batumu, 3rd possessive batunya)

باتو (Jawi)
batu-batu (plural)
batuku (first-person informal possessive)
batumu (possessive second-person)
batunya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: batu

Cocos Islands Malay: batu

→ Hokkien: 礣砥 (bá-tû)

From Proto-Malayic *batu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *batu, from Proto-Austronesian *batu. Cognate with Hawaiian pōhaku and Tagalog bato.

Keras macam batu.


babi

babi (Jawi spelling بابي, plural babi-babi, informal 1st possessive babiku, 2nd possessive babimu, 3rd possessive babinya)

بابي (Jawi)
babi-babi (plural)
babiku (first-person informal possessive)
babimu (possessive second-person)
babinya (possessive third-person)

Baba Malay: babi

Indonesian: babi
→ Dutch: babi

From Proto-Malayic *babi, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *babuy, from Proto-Austronesian *babuy.


padi

padi (Jawi spelling ڤادي, plural padi-padi, informal 1st possessive padiku, 2nd possessive padimu, 3rd possessive padinya)

ڤادي (Jawi)
padi-padi (plural)
padiku (first-person informal possessive)
padimu (possessive second-person)
padinya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *padi, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pajay, from Proto-Austronesian *pajay.


miniskirt

miniskirt (Jawi spelling مينيسکرت, informal 1st possessive miniskirtku, 2nd possessive miniskirtmu, 3rd possessive miniskirtnya)

مينيسکرت (Jawi)
miniskirtku (first-person informal possessive)
miniskirtmu (possessive second-person)
miniskirtnya (possessive third-person)


bah

Indonesian: bah

From Proto-Malayic, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bahaq, from Proto-Austronesian *baSaq. Cognate with Sundanese caah.


نان

نان (plural نان-نان or نان٢, informal 1st possessive نانکو, 2nd possessive نانمو, 3rd possessive نانڽ)

نان-نان (plural)
نان٢ (plural)
نانکو (first-person informal possessive)
نانمو (possessive second-person)
نانڽ (possessive third-person)


remis

remis (Jawi spelling رميس, plural remis-remis, informal 1st possessive remisku, 2nd possessive remismu, 3rd possessive remisnya)

رميس (Jawi)
remis-remis (plural)
remisku (first-person informal possessive)
remismu (possessive second-person)
remisnya (possessive third-person)


lahar

lahar (Jawi spelling لاهر, plural lahar-lahar, informal 1st possessive laharku, 2nd possessive laharmu, 3rd possessive laharnya)

لاهر (Jawi)
lahar-lahar (plural)
laharku (first-person informal possessive)
laharmu (possessive second-person)
laharnya (possessive third-person)


nostalgia

nostalgia (Jawi spelling نوستلݢيا, plural nostalgia-nostalgia, informal 1st possessive nostalgiaku, 2nd possessive nostalgiamu, 3rd possessive nostalgianya)

نوستلݢيا (Jawi)
nostalgia-nostalgia (plural)
nostalgiaku (first-person informal possessive)
nostalgiamu (possessive second-person)
nostalgianya (possessive third-person)


bunga

bunga (Jawi spelling بوڠا, plural bunga-bunga, informal 1st possessive bungaku, 2nd possessive bungamu, 3rd possessive bunganya)

بوڠا (Jawi)
bunga-bunga (plural)
bungaku (first-person informal possessive)
bungamu (possessive second-person)
bunganya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *buŋaʔ (compare Indonesian bunga), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa (compare Ilocano bunga (“fruit”), Tagalog bunga (“fruit”)).

Bunga Mawar itu berwarna merah.

flower (reproductive structure in angiosperms)


bunga

Semantic loan from English interest, by analogy with bank interest growing over time like flowers, as well as wordplay referring to the sense of "attention" in English and the sense of "beauty, looking good" in Indonesian. Compare to Thai ดอกเบี้ย (dɔ̀ɔk-bîia, “interest”, literally “flower money”).

noncog

2002, Takiah Mohd Iskandar & Norida Basnan, Perakaunan Kewangan: Prinsip dan Amalan di Malaysia, Vol. 1, Cerdik Publications, page 174.
Sekiranya nota janji yang dikeluarkan menjadi matang dalam tempoh perakaunan berikutnya jumlah bunga daripada tarikh nota dikeluarkan hingga tarikh penyata kewangan perlu diakrukan.

(please add an English translation of this quotation)


sumpit

ms-noun

sumpit (Jawi spelling سومڤيت, plural sumpit-sumpit, informal 1st possessive sumpitku, 2nd possessive sumpitmu, 3rd possessive sumpitnya)

سومڤيت (Jawi)
sumpit-sumpit (plural)
sumpitku (first-person informal possessive)
sumpitmu (possessive second-person)
sumpitnya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *sumpit, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sumpit, from Proto-Austronesian *sumpit.

Seekor sumpit berenang di air.

(zoology) an archerfish, a kind of fish that shoots insects with water in the genus Toxotes; usually as ikan sumpit or sumpit-sumpit.


sumpit

* From Baba Malay sumpit, from Hokkien 栓筆 /栓笔 (sng-pit, “holding pin”).
* From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *supit (“narrow, to pinch, tongs”), from Proto-Austronesian *supit (“narrow, to pinch, tongs”). Doublet of sepit.


sumpit

a type of sack of a matwork for holding rice, salt etc.


wang

ms-noun

wang (Jawi spelling واڠ, informal 1st possessive wangku, 2nd possessive wangmu, 3rd possessive wangnya)

واڠ (Jawi)
wangku (first-person informal possessive)
wangmu (possessive second-person)
wangnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: uang

→ Hokkien: 鈁 /钫 (hoáng)

Possibly from Hokkien 圓 /圆 (oân, “round; currency”).


vitamin

vitamin (Jawi spelling ۏيتامين, plural vitamin-vitamin, informal 1st possessive vitaminku, 2nd possessive vitaminmu, 3rd possessive vitaminnya)

ۏيتامين (Jawi)
vitamin-vitamin (plural)
vitaminku (first-person informal possessive)
vitaminmu (possessive second-person)
vitaminnya (possessive third-person)

From English vitamin, earlier vitamine, from Latin vīta (“life”) (see vital) + amine.

vitamin: any of a specific group of organic compounds essential in small quantities for healthy human growth, metabolism, development, and body function; found in minute amounts in plant and animal foods or sometimes produced synthetically; deficiencies of specific vitamins produce specific disorders.


فيلم

فيلم (plural فيلم-فيلم or فيلم٢, informal 1st possessive فيلمکو, 2nd possessive فيلممو, 3rd possessive فيلمڽ)

فيلم-فيلم (plural)
فيلم٢ (plural)
فيلمکو (first-person informal possessive)
فيلممو (possessive second-person)
فيلمڽ (possessive third-person)


lancia

lancia (plural lancia-lancia, informal 1st possessive lanciaku, 2nd possessive lanciamu, 3rd possessive lancianya)

lancia-lancia (plural)
lanciaku (first-person informal possessive)
lanciamu (possessive second-person)
lancianya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Hokkien 人車 /人车 (lâng-chhia, “rickshaw”).


fi

ms-noun

fi (Jawi spelling في, plural fi-fi, informal 1st possessive fiku, 2nd possessive fimu, 3rd possessive finya)

في (Jawi)
fi-fi (plural)
fiku (first-person informal possessive)
fimu (possessive second-person)
finya (possessive third-person)


sore

sore (Jawi spelling سوري, plural sore-sore, informal 1st possessive soreku, 2nd possessive soremu, 3rd possessive sorenya)

سوري (Jawi)
sore-sore (plural)
soreku (first-person informal possessive)
soremu (possessive second-person)
sorenya (possessive third-person)

From Indonesian sore, from Javanese sore, from Old Javanese sore, from sorai. Compare French soirée.

(Indonesia) afternoon (part of the day between noon and evening)


sut

sut (Jawi spelling سوت, plural sut-sut, informal 1st possessive sutku, 2nd possessive sutmu, 3rd possessive sutnya)

سوت (Jawi)
sut-sut (plural)
sutku (first-person informal possessive)
sutmu (possessive second-person)
sutnya (possessive third-person)


skim

skim (plural skim-skim, informal 1st possessive skimku, 2nd possessive skimmu, 3rd possessive skimnya)

skim-skim (plural)
skimku (first-person informal possessive)
skimmu (possessive second-person)
skimnya (possessive third-person)


ubi

ubi (Jawi spelling اوبي, plural ubi-ubi or ubi-ubian, informal 1st possessive ubiku, 2nd possessive ubimu, 3rd possessive ubinya)

اوبي (Jawi)
ubi-ubi (plural)
ubi-ubian (plural)
ubiku (first-person informal possessive)
ubimu (possessive second-person)
ubinya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: ubi

From Old Malay hubi, as attested in the Tanjung Tanah manuscript dated 14th century, from Proto-Malayic *hubi, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *hubi, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *hubi, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qubi (“yam”).


pistol

pistol (Jawi spelling ڤيستول, plural pistol-pistol, informal 1st possessive pistolku, 2nd possessive pistolmu, 3rd possessive pistolnya)

ڤيستول (Jawi)
pistol-pistol (plural)
pistolku (first-person informal possessive)
pistolmu (possessive second-person)
pistolnya (possessive third-person)

From Dutch pistool. Ultimately from Czech píšťala (“whistle”), from Proto-Slavic *piščalь, from *piskati, *piščati (“to squeak, whistle”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *pīṣk-.

a pistol (gun, handheld short firearm weapon)


abab

abab (Jawi spelling ابب, plural abab-abab, informal 1st possessive ababku, 2nd possessive ababmu, 3rd possessive ababnya)

ابب (Jawi)
abab-abab (plural)
ababku (first-person informal possessive)
ababmu (possessive second-person)
ababnya (possessive third-person)

(Brunei) a type of musical instrument with two or three strings


halo

halo (Jawi spelling هلو, plural halo-halo, informal 1st possessive haloku, 2nd possessive halomu, 3rd possessive halonya)

هلو (Jawi)
halo-halo (plural)
haloku (first-person informal possessive)
halomu (possessive second-person)
halonya (possessive third-person)

From English halo, from Latin halōs, from Ancient Greek ἅλως (hálōs, “threshing floor; disk; disk of the sun or moon; ring of light around the sun or moon”), of unknown origin.

der

A circular band of coloured light, visible around the sun or moon etc., caused by reflection and refraction of light by ice crystals in the atmosphere.


horizon

هوريزون (Jawi)

From English horizon, from Middle English orisonte, orisoun, from Middle French horizon, horizonte, from Old French orisonte, orison, via Latin horizōn, from Ancient Greek ὁρίζων (horízōn), from ὅρος (hóros, “boundary”).

The visible horizontal line (in all directions) where the sky appears to meet the earth in the distance.

(figuratively) The range or limit of one's knowledge, experience or interest; a boundary or threshold.


gula

ms-noun

gula (Jawi spelling ݢولا, plural gula, informal 1st possessive gulaku, 2nd possessive gulamu, 3rd possessive gulanya)

ݢولا (Jawi)
gula (plural)
gulaku (first-person informal possessive)
gulamu (possessive second-person)
gulanya (possessive third-person)

From Sanskrit गुल (gula, “unrefined sugar, molasses”). The Sanskrit equivalent is मधुरं (madhuraṃ, “sugar”).

der

sugar (sucrose from sugar cane or sugar beet and used to sweeten food and drink)


pupil

ms-noun

pupil (Jawi spelling ڤوڤيل, plural pupil-pupil, informal 1st possessive pupilku, 2nd possessive pupilmu, 3rd possessive pupilnya)

ڤوڤيل (Jawi)
pupil-pupil (plural)
pupilku (first-person informal possessive)
pupilmu (possessive second-person)
pupilnya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from English pupil, from Middle French pupille, from Latin pūpilla (“pupil; little girl, doll”).

der

(anatomy) pupil (the hole in the middle of the iris of the eye)


gi

ms-noun

gi (Jawi spelling ݢي, plural gi-gi, informal 1st possessive giku, 2nd possessive gimu, 3rd possessive ginya)

ݢي (Jawi)
gi-gi (plural)
giku (first-person informal possessive)
gimu (possessive second-person)
ginya (possessive third-person)

From Hindi घी (ghī) or Urdu گھی (ghī), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀖𑀺𑀤 (ghida), from Sanskrit घृत (ghṛtá). Cognate of English ghee.


paham

Nativization of faham, from Arabic فَهْم (fahm, “understanding”).


museum

museum (Jawi spelling موسيوم, plural museum-museum, informal 1st possessive museumku, 2nd possessive museummu, 3rd possessive museumnya)

موسيوم (Jawi)
museum-museum (plural)
museumku (first-person informal possessive)
museummu (possessive second-person)
museumnya (possessive third-person)

From Dutch museum, from Latin museum, from Ancient Greek Μουσεῖον (Mouseîon, “a shrine of the Muses”). First attested in the Kitab Vortaro published in 1923. Doublet of muzium.

der

(Indonesia) museum: a building or institution dedicated to the acquisition, conservation, study, exhibition, and educational interpretation of objects having scientific, historical, cultural or artistic value.


durian

ms-noun

durian (Jawi spelling دورين or دوريان, plural durian-durian, informal 1st possessive durianku, 2nd possessive durianmu, 3rd possessive duriannya)

دورين (Jawi)
دوريان (Jawi)
durian-durian (plural)
durianku (first-person informal possessive)
durianmu (possessive second-person)
duriannya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: durian

→ Burmese: ဒူးရင်းသီး (du:rang:si:)

→ Cebuano: duryan

→ Chinese: 榴槤 /榴梿 (liúlián)

→ Dutch: doerian

→ English: durian (see there for further descendants)

→ Kapampangan: durian

→ Lao: ທຸລຽນ (thu līan)

→ Swahili: duriani

→ Tamil: துரியான் (turiyāṉ)

→ Tagalog: durian, duryan

→ Thai: ทุเรียน (tú-riian)

→ Vietnamese: sầu riêng

duri + -an, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.


rambutan

rambutan (Jawi spelling رمبوتن or رامبوتن, plural rambutan-rambutan, informal 1st possessive rambutanku, 2nd possessive rambutanmu, 3rd possessive rambutannya)

رمبوتن (Jawi)
رامبوتن (Jawi)
rambutan-rambutan (plural)
rambutanku (first-person informal possessive)
rambutanmu (possessive second-person)
rambutannya (possessive third-person)


puma

head

puma (Jawi spelling ڤوما, plural puma-puma)

Borrowed from English puma, from Quechuan puma.

Puma concolor
Puma concolor#Translingual

puma (mountain lion); cougar (Puma concolor)


lai

ms-noun

lai (Jawi spelling لاي, plural lai-lai, informal 1st possessive laiku, 2nd possessive laimu, 3rd possessive lainya)

لاي (Jawi)
lai-lai (plural)
laiku (first-person informal possessive)
laimu (possessive second-person)
lainya (possessive third-person)


قاموس

قاموس (plural قاموس-قاموس or قاموس٢, informal 1st possessive قاموسکو, 2nd possessive قاموسمو, 3rd possessive قاموسڽ)

قاموس-قاموس (plural)
قاموس٢ (plural)
قاموسکو (first-person informal possessive)
قاموسمو (possessive second-person)
قاموسڽ (possessive third-person)


bundle

(colloquial) clothes sold in the thrift store


stor

stor (Jawi spelling ستور, plural stor-stor, informal 1st possessive storku, 2nd possessive stormu, 3rd possessive stornya)

ستور (Jawi)
stor-stor (plural)
storku (first-person informal possessive)
stormu (possessive second-person)
stornya (possessive third-person)


titi

titi (Jawi spelling تيتي, plural titi-titi, informal 1st possessive titiku, 2nd possessive titimu, 3rd possessive titinya)

تيتي (Jawi)
titi-titi (plural)
titiku (first-person informal possessive)
titimu (possessive second-person)
titinya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: titi

From Proto-Malayic *titi (compare Indonesian titi), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taytay, from Proto-Austronesian *taytay.

bridge (construction or natural feature that spans a divide)


antigen

antigen (plural antigen-antigen, informal 1st possessive antigenku, 2nd possessive antigenmu, 3rd possessive antigennya)

antigen-antigen (plural)
antigenku (first-person informal possessive)
antigenmu (possessive second-person)
antigennya (possessive third-person)

Ultimately from French antigène, from anti- + gène.


mufti

mufti (Jawi spelling مفتي, plural mufti-mufti, informal 1st possessive muftiku, 2nd possessive muftimu, 3rd possessive muftinya)

مفتي (Jawi)
mufti-mufti (plural)
muftiku (first-person informal possessive)
muftimu (possessive second-person)
muftinya (possessive third-person)

From Arabic مُفْتٍ (muftin), the active participle of أَفْتَى (ʔaftā, “to deliver a formal opinion”).


bantal

bantal (Jawi spelling بنتل, plural bantal-bantal, informal 1st possessive bantalku, 2nd possessive bantalmu, 3rd possessive bantalnya)

بنتل (Jawi)
bantal-bantal (plural)
bantalku (first-person informal possessive)
bantalmu (possessive second-person)
bantalnya (possessive third-person)

pillow (soft cushion used to support the head in bed)


kongsi

kongsi (Jawi spelling کوڠسي, plural kongsi-kongsi, informal 1st possessive kongsiku, 2nd possessive kongsimu, 3rd possessive kongsinya)

کوڠسي (Jawi)
kongsi-kongsi (plural)
kongsiku (first-person informal possessive)
kongsimu (possessive second-person)
kongsinya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: kongsi

→ English: kongsi

→ Dutch: kongsi

Borrowed from Hokkien 公司 (kong-si). See also Hokkien 公班衙 (kong-pan-gêe), English British East India Company.

perkongsian [causative passive + resultative

kongsi gelap

secret society (literally, “dark association”)

Sementara itu, dalam kalangan pendatang Cina yang menetap di Asia Tenggara pula, mereka telah menubuhkan kongsi, di mana kongsi Cina ditadbir oleh 5 orang yang dipimpin oleh Ketua Kongsi. Di Barat Borneo dia diberi gelaran po, contohnya Chang Mao-po dan Hung Kui-po.

2006, Dr. Mohamad Azmie Zakaria, “Bab 4, Sepakat Sempurna [Chapter 4, Perfect Alliance]”, in Sepakat Daripada Perspektif Pengurusan Organisasi [Concurrence From the Perspective of Organizational Management], Utusan Publications, →ISBN, page 57:

Meanwhile, among Chinese immigrants living in Southeast Asia, these people have set up clan associations, where each Chinese clan association is managed by 5 people led by the head of the clan association. In West Borneo the leader is given the title po, such as Chang Mao-po and Hung Kui-po.


armadillo

Borrowed from English armadillo, from Spanish armadillo, diminutive of armado (“armored”), in reference to its protective plates.


boga

boga (Jawi spelling بوݢ, plural boga-boga, informal 1st possessive bogaku, 2nd possessive bogamu, 3rd possessive boganya)

بوݢ (Jawi)
boga-boga (plural)
bogaku (first-person informal possessive)
bogamu (possessive second-person)
boganya (possessive third-person)


bas

bas (Jawi spelling بس, plural bas-bas, informal 1st possessive basku, 2nd possessive basmu, 3rd possessive basnya)

بس (Jawi)
bas-bas (plural)
basku (first-person informal possessive)
basmu (possessive second-person)
basnya (possessive third-person)


adat

adat (Jawi spelling عادت, plural adat-adat, informal 1st possessive adatku, 2nd possessive adatmu, 3rd possessive adatnya)

عادت (Jawi)
adat-adat (plural)
adatku (first-person informal possessive)
adatmu (possessive second-person)
adatnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: adat

→ English: adat

→ Dutch: adat

→ Iban: adat

→ Western Cham: عادة (adat)

From Classical Malay عادة (adat), from Persian عادت ('âdat), from Arabic عَادَة (ʕāda, “habit, custom”), from the verb عَوْدَ (ʕawda, “to appurtain, to be proper”).

custom (Frequent repetition of the same act)


ya

ya (Jawi spelling يا, plural ya-ya, informal 1st possessive yaku, 2nd possessive yamu, 3rd possessive yanya)

يا (Jawi)
ya-ya (plural)
yaku (first-person informal possessive)
yamu (possessive second-person)
yanya (possessive third-person)

huruf ya

The 29th letter of the Arabic alphabet (ي).


ovum

ovum (Jawi spelling اوۏوم, plural ovum-ovum, informal 1st possessive ovumku, 2nd possessive ovummu, 3rd possessive ovumnya)

اوۏوم (Jawi)
ovum-ovum (plural)
ovumku (first-person informal possessive)
ovummu (possessive second-person)
ovumnya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from English ovum, from Latin ōvum, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm, likely a derivative of *h₂éwis.


yah

bapa

bapanda, bapai, bapak, bapang, baba, papa


uvula

uvula (Jawi spelling اوۏولا, plural uvula-uvula, informal 1st possessive uvulaku, 2nd possessive uvulamu, 3rd possessive uvulanya)

اوۏولا (Jawi)
uvula-uvula (plural)
uvulaku (first-person informal possessive)
uvulamu (possessive second-person)
uvulanya (possessive third-person)

From Late Latin ūvula (“little grape”), diminutive of Latin ūva (“grape”).

(anatomy) Uvula (appendage that hangs from the palate)


agar

agar (Jawi spelling اݢر, plural agar-agar, informal 1st possessive agarku, 2nd possessive agarmu, 3rd possessive agarnya)

اݢر (Jawi)
agar-agar (plural)
agarku (first-person informal possessive)
agarmu (possessive second-person)
agarnya (possessive third-person)

→ Czech: agar

→ English: agar

Indonesian: agar

→ Spanish: agar

agar (a material obtained from the marine algae), agar-agar


poster

poster (Jawi spelling ڤوستر, plural poster-poster, informal 1st possessive posterku, 2nd possessive postermu, 3rd possessive posternya)

ڤوستر (Jawi)
poster-poster (plural)
posterku (first-person informal possessive)
postermu (possessive second-person)
posternya (possessive third-person)

Semua parti politik yang bertanding dalam Pilihan Raya Umum (PRU13) diingatkan tidak sesekali memasang atau menggantung bendera parti mereka mahupun poster kempen pilihanraya di balai-balai polis dan premis milik Polis DiRaja Malaysia (PDRM).

2013 April 16, “Jangan pasang bendera parti di premis polis [Don't put party flags on police premises]”, in Astro Awani:

All political parties contesting in the General Election (GE13) are reminded not to put up or hang their party flags or campaign posters in police stations and premises belonging to the Royal Malaysian Police (RMP).

poster (picture intended to be attached to a wall)


purdah

purdah (Jawi spelling ڤورده, plural purdah-purdah, informal 1st possessive purdahku, 2nd possessive purdahmu, 3rd possessive purdahnya)

ڤورده (Jawi)
purdah-purdah (plural)
purdahku (first-person informal possessive)
purdahmu (possessive second-person)
purdahnya (possessive third-person)


ayer

ayer (Jawi spelling اٴير, plural ayer-ayer, informal 1st possessive ayerku, 2nd possessive ayermu, 3rd possessive ayernya)

اٴير (Jawi)
ayer-ayer (plural)
ayerku (first-person informal possessive)
ayermu (possessive second-person)
ayernya (possessive third-person)


xenofobia

xénofobia (Jawi spelling کسينوفوبيا, plural xenofobia-xenofobia, informal 1st possessive xenofobiaku, 2nd possessive xenofobiamu, 3rd possessive xenofobianya)

xénofobia (canonical)
کسينوفوبيا (Jawi)
xenofobia-xenofobia (plural)
xenofobiaku (first-person informal possessive)
xenofobiamu (possessive second-person)
xenofobianya (possessive third-person)


polis

polis (Jawi spelling ڤوليس, plural polis-polis, informal 1st possessive polisku, 2nd possessive polismu, 3rd possessive polisnya)

ڤوليس (Jawi)
polis-polis (plural)
polisku (first-person informal possessive)
polismu (possessive second-person)
polisnya (possessive third-person)

From English police, from Middle French police, from Latin politia (“state, government”), from Ancient Greek πολιτεία (politeía).

(Malaysia, Singapore, Riau) police, a civil force granted the legal authority for law enforcement and maintaining public order.


polis

polis (plural polis-polis, informal 1st possessive polisku, 2nd possessive polismu, 3rd possessive polisnya)

polis-polis (plural)
polisku (first-person informal possessive)
polismu (possessive second-person)
polisnya (possessive third-person)

(Indonesia) alternative spelling of polisi (“policy”), see Indonesian polis (“policy”).


asap

asap (Jawi spelling اسڤ, plural asap-asap, informal 1st possessive asapku, 2nd possessive asapmu, 3rd possessive asapnya)

اسڤ (Jawi)
asap-asap (plural)
asapku (first-person informal possessive)
asapmu (possessive second-person)
asapnya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *(h)asəp, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *(h)asəp, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *(h)asəp, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qasəb, from Proto-Austronesian *qasəb.

smoke (visible particles and vapour given off by burning material)


strata

strata (plural strata-strata, informal 1st possessive strataku, 2nd possessive stratamu, 3rd possessive stratanya)

strata-strata (plural)
strataku (first-person informal possessive)
stratamu (possessive second-person)
stratanya (possessive third-person)

one of several parallel horizontal layers of material arranged one on top of another.

a class of society composed of people with similar social, cultural, or economic status.

stratum: condominium unit, condominium building, condominium title


ka

Abbreviation of kaki (“foot (unit of measurement)”).


tragedi

تراݢيدي (Jawi)

Borrowed from English tragedy, from Middle English tragedie, from the Old French tragedie, from the Latin tragoedia, from the Ancient Greek τραγῳδία (tragōidía, “epic play, tragedy”).


baka

ms-noun

baka (Jawi spelling باک, plural baka-baka, informal 1st possessive bakaku, 2nd possessive bakamu, 3rd possessive bakanya)

باک (Jawi)
baka-baka (plural)
bakaku (first-person informal possessive)
bakamu (possessive second-person)
bakanya (possessive third-person)

baka bercampur


atmosfera

atmosfera (Jawi spelling اتموسفيرا, plural atmosfera-atmosfera, informal 1st possessive atmosferaku, 2nd possessive atmosferamu, 3rd possessive atmosferanya)

اتموسفيرا (Jawi)
atmosfera-atmosfera (plural)
atmosferaku (first-person informal possessive)
atmosferamu (possessive second-person)
atmosferanya (possessive third-person)

Learned borrowing from New Latin atmosphaera, from Ancient Greek ἀτμός (atmós, “steam”) + σφαῖρα (sphaîra, “sphere”).


abakus

ms-noun

abakus (Jawi spelling اباکوس, plural abakus-abakus, informal 1st possessive abakusku, 2nd possessive abakusmu, 3rd possessive abakusnya)

اباکوس (Jawi)
abakus-abakus (plural)
abakusku (first-person informal possessive)
abakusmu (possessive second-person)
abakusnya (possessive third-person)

abacus (device for performing arithmetical calculations)


ringgit

ريڠݢيت (Jawi)

Indonesian: ringgit

→ Chinese: 林吉特, 令吉

→ English: ringgit

desc

→ Balinese: ᬭᬶᬗ᭄ᬕᬶᬢ᭄ (ringgit) (semantic loan)

→ Javanese: ꦫꦶꦁꦒꦶꦠ꧀ (ringgit) (semantic loan)

From gerigi (“jagged”), from gigi (“tooth”), referring to the edges of the Spanish dollar.

(historical, Indonesia) A currency made from silver worth 2.5 rupiah that was used during the Dutch colonization of Indonesia.

Jags found on a jagged wheel (of a fire lighter wheel, etc.).


mata

ms-noun

mata (Jawi spelling مات, plural mata-mata, informal 1st possessive mataku, 2nd possessive matamu, 3rd possessive matanya)

مات (Jawi)
mata-mata (plural)
mataku (first-person informal possessive)
matamu (possessive second-person)
matanya (possessive third-person)

> Indonesian: mata (inherited)

From Proto-Malayic *mata, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mata, from Proto-Austronesian *maCa.
Sense of mesh from semantic evolution of 'eye' > 'hole, orifice'

fountainhead, source (of income, water, etc.)

mark, score (gained in a contest, exam, etc.)


referendum

referendum (Jawi spelling ريفريندوم, plural referendum-referendum, informal 1st possessive referendumku, 2nd possessive referendummu, 3rd possessive referendumnya)

ريفريندوم (Jawi)
referendum-referendum (plural)
referendumku (first-person informal possessive)
referendummu (possessive second-person)
referendumnya (possessive third-person)

From English referendum, from Latin referendum (“that which ought to be announced”), from refero (“I announce”).

der

(politics) A direct popular vote on a proposed law or constitutional amendment; a referendum.


diplomat

ms-noun

diplomat (Jawi spelling ديڤلومت, informal 1st possessive diplomatku, 2nd possessive diplomatmu, 3rd possessive diplomatnya)

ديڤلومت (Jawi)
diplomatku (first-person informal possessive)
diplomatmu (possessive second-person)
diplomatnya (possessive third-person)

From English diplomat, from French diplomate.

diplomat: a person, such as an ambassador, who is accredited to represent a government officially in its relations with other governments or international organisations.


auditorium

auditorium (Jawi spelling اءوديتوريوم, plural auditorium-auditorium, informal 1st possessive auditoriumku, 2nd possessive auditoriummu, 3rd possessive auditoriumnya)

اءوديتوريوم (Jawi)
auditorium-auditorium (plural)
auditoriumku (first-person informal possessive)
auditoriummu (possessive second-person)
auditoriumnya (possessive third-person)


karat

karat (Jawi spelling کارت, plural karat-karat, informal 1st possessive karatku, 2nd possessive karatmu, 3rd possessive karatnya)

کارت (Jawi)
karat-karat (plural)
karatku (first-person informal possessive)
karatmu (possessive second-person)
karatnya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *karat (“rust”).

a reddish-brown substance formed on iron by the action of air and water.

a similar substance based on another metal (usually with qualification, such as "copper rust").

karat:

karat:


karat

karat (plural karat-karat, informal 1st possessive karatku, 2nd possessive karatmu, 3rd possessive karatnya)

karat-karat (plural)
karatku (first-person informal possessive)
karatmu (possessive second-person)
karatnya (possessive third-person)

From English carat, from Middle French carat, from Italian carato, from Arabic قِيرَاط (qīrāṭ, “carat, similarly small units such as inches”), from Ancient Greek κεράτιον (kerátion, “hornlet, carob seed”), from κέρας (kéras, “horn”) + -ιον (-ion, diminutive suffix).

der

a measurement to determine the amount of gold.

carat:
a weight measurement for diamonds.


juvenil

ms-noun

juvenil (Jawi spelling جوۏينيل, plural juvenil-juvenil, informal 1st possessive juvenilku, 2nd possessive juvenilmu, 3rd possessive juvenilnya)

جوۏينيل (Jawi)
juvenil-juvenil (plural)
juvenilku (first-person informal possessive)
juvenilmu (possessive second-person)
juvenilnya (possessive third-person)


cas

→ Indonesian: cas

(Indonesian)

(electromagnetism, chemistry) an electric charge.


natrium

نتريوم (Jawi)

From English natrium, from New Latin natrium.


mikroskop

mikroskop (Jawi spelling ميکروسکوڤ, plural mikroskop-mikroskop, informal 1st possessive mikroskopku, 2nd possessive mikroskopmu, 3rd possessive mikroskopnya)

ميکروسکوڤ (Jawi)
mikroskop-mikroskop (plural)
mikroskopku (first-person informal possessive)
mikroskopmu (possessive second-person)
mikroskopnya (possessive third-person)

From English microscope, from New Latin microscopium.


kota

kota (Jawi spelling کوتا, plural kota-kota, informal 1st possessive kotaku, 2nd possessive kotamu, 3rd possessive kotanya)

کوتا (Jawi)
kota-kota (plural)
kotaku (first-person informal possessive)
kotamu (possessive second-person)
kotanya (possessive third-person)

> Indonesian: kota (inherited)

desc

> Peranakan Indonesian: kota (inherited)

→ Swahili: ukuta

→ Tagalog: kuta

From Sanskrit कोट्ट (koṭṭa) or Tamil கோட்டம் (kōṭṭam).

bor

Tamil கோட்டம் (kōṭṭam)


danau

ms-noun

danau (Jawi spelling داناو, plural danau-danau, informal 1st possessive danauku, 2nd possessive danaumu, 3rd possessive danaunya)

داناو (Jawi)
danau-danau (plural)
danauku (first-person informal possessive)
danaumu (possessive second-person)
danaunya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: danau

From Proto-Malayic *danaw (compare Indonesian danau), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *danaw, from Proto-Austronesian *danaw (“lake”).


selatan

selatan (Jawi spelling سلاتن, informal 1st possessive selatanku, 2nd possessive selatanmu, 3rd possessive selatannya)

سلاتن (Jawi)
selatanku (first-person informal possessive)
selatanmu (possessive second-person)
selatannya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *səlatan, *silatan, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *salatan, *silatan.


terjemahan

terjemahan (Jawi spelling ترجمهن, plural terjemahan-terjemahan, informal 1st possessive terjemahanku, 2nd possessive terjemahanmu, 3rd possessive terjemahannya)

ترجمهن (Jawi)
terjemahan-terjemahan (plural)
terjemahanku (first-person informal possessive)
terjemahanmu (possessive second-person)
terjemahannya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: terjemahan

Combination of terjemah (“to translate”) + -an.

Terjemahan rasmi

Terjemahan bebas


hasta

hasta (Jawi spelling هستا, plural hasta-hasta, informal 1st possessive hastaku, 2nd possessive hastamu, 3rd possessive hastanya)

هستا (Jawi)
hasta-hasta (plural)
hastaku (first-person informal possessive)
hastamu (possessive second-person)
hastanya (possessive third-person)

cubit, unit of measurement from elbow to fingertip


agama

agama (Jawi spelling اݢام, plural agama-agama, informal 1st possessive agamaku, 2nd possessive agamamu, 3rd possessive agamanya)

اݢام (Jawi)
agama-agama (plural)
agamaku (first-person informal possessive)
agamamu (possessive second-person)
agamanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: agama

→ Maguindanao: agama

→ Maranao: agama

→ Tausug: agama

From Sanskrit आगम (āgama, “a traditional doctrine or precept”).

bor

religion (system of beliefs dealing with soul, deity and/or life after death)


herba

ms-noun

herba (Jawi spelling هربا, plural herba-herba, informal 1st possessive herbaku, 2nd possessive herbamu, 3rd possessive herbanya)

هربا (Jawi)
herba-herba (plural)
herbaku (first-person informal possessive)
herbamu (possessive second-person)
herbanya (possessive third-person)

From English herb, from Middle English herbe, erbe, from Old French erbe (French herbe), from Latin herba.

Any green, leafy plant, or parts thereof, used to flavour or season food.

A plant whose roots, leaves or seeds, etc. are used in medicine.

(botany) A plant whose stem is not woody and does not persist beyond each growing season.


kanin

kanin (Jawi spelling کانين, plural kanin-kanin, informal 1st possessive kaninku, 2nd possessive kaninmu, 3rd possessive kaninnya)

کانين (Jawi)
kanin-kanin (plural)
kaninku (first-person informal possessive)
kaninmu (possessive second-person)
kaninnya (possessive third-person)

From English canine, from Latin caninus (“of the dog, dog-like”).


simbol

simbol (Jawi spelling سيمبول, plural simbol-simbol, informal 1st possessive simbolku, 2nd possessive simbolmu, 3rd possessive simbolnya)

سيمبول (Jawi)
simbol-simbol (plural)
simbolku (first-person informal possessive)
simbolmu (possessive second-person)
simbolnya (possessive third-person)


badam

badam (Jawi spelling بادم, plural badam-badam, informal 1st possessive badamku, 2nd possessive badammu, 3rd possessive badamnya)

بادم (Jawi)
badam-badam (plural)
badamku (first-person informal possessive)
badammu (possessive second-person)
badamnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: badam

From Classical Malay بادم (badam), from Classical Persian بادام (bādām).


roda

roda (Jawi spelling رودا, plural roda-roda)

Borrowed from Portuguese roda, from Latin rota, from Proto-Indo-European.

wheel (a circular device facilitating movement or transportation)


reggae

reggae (Jawi spelling ريݢي, plural reggae-reggae, informal 1st possessive reggaeku, 2nd possessive reggaemu, 3rd possessive reggaenya)

ريݢي (Jawi)
reggae-reggae (plural)
reggaeku (first-person informal possessive)
reggaemu (possessive second-person)
reggaenya (possessive third-person)

Unadapted borrowing from English reggae.


Latin

From Latin latīnus, from Latium (“the region around Rome”) + -īnus (“adjective suffix”).


Quran

Borrowed from Arabic الْقُرْآن (al-qurʔān).


palau

ms-noun

palau (Jawi spelling ڤالاو, plural palau-palau, informal 1st possessive palauku, 2nd possessive palaumu, 3rd possessive palaunya)

ڤالاو (Jawi)
palau-palau (plural)
palauku (first-person informal possessive)
palaumu (possessive second-person)
palaunya (possessive third-person)


champagne

Borrowed from English champagne, from French champagne, from Champagne, from Late Latin campania, from campāneus, from Latin campus.

champagne (sparkling wine made in Champagne)


internet

internét (Jawi spelling اينترنيت, plural internet-internet, informal 1st possessive internetku, 2nd possessive internetmu, 3rd possessive internetnya)

internét (canonical)
اينترنيت (Jawi)
internet-internet (plural)
internetku (first-person informal possessive)
internetmu (possessive second-person)
internetnya (possessive third-person)


badminton

بدمينتون (Jawi)


rajah

rajah (Jawi spelling راجه, plural rajah-rajah, informal 1st possessive rajahku, 2nd possessive rajahmu, 3rd possessive rajahnya)

راجه (Jawi)
rajah-rajah (plural)
rajahku (first-person informal possessive)
rajahmu (possessive second-person)
rajahnya (possessive third-person)

merajahkan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

writings or sketchings used as a talisman


raja

raja (Jawi spelling راج, plural raja-raja, informal 1st possessive rajaku, 2nd possessive rajamu, 3rd possessive rajanya)

راج (Jawi)
raja-raja (plural)
rajaku (first-person informal possessive)
rajamu (possessive second-person)
rajanya (possessive third-person)

From Sanskrit राजन् (rājan, “king, prince”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hrā́ȷ́ā (“king”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hrā́ȷ́ā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵ-ō, from *h₃rḗǵs (“ruler, king”).

A king; a male of a royal family who is the supreme ruler of his nation.

(archaic, informal) A ruler; the person, body, or force currently in power.

A tycoon; someone who possesses significant influence in a certain area or field.

(card games) A playing card with the letter 'K' and an image of a king on it.

A title found in the names of some people of royal descent.


tuan

tuan (Jawi spelling توان, plural tuan-tuan, informal 1st possessive tuanku, 2nd possessive tuanmu, 3rd possessive tuannya)

توان (Jawi)
tuan-tuan (plural)
tuanku (first-person informal possessive)
tuanmu (possessive second-person)
tuannya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: tuan

desc

→ Hokkien: 緞 /缎 (toān, “master, mister”)

→? Tagalog: tuwan (obsolete)

→ Tausug: tuwan

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qatuan (“deity”). Doublet of tuhan.

Prince, Princess (title for royal family in kelantan and pattani)


sais

ms-noun

sais (Jawi spelling ساءيس, plural sais-sais, informal 1st possessive saisku, 2nd possessive saismu, 3rd possessive saisnya)

ساءيس (Jawi)
sais-sais (plural)
saisku (first-person informal possessive)
saismu (possessive second-person)
saisnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: sais

→ Vietnamese: xà ích

From Hindi साईस (sāīs), सईस (saīs, “groom”), from Arabic سَائِس (sāʔis, “stableman, groom”), from سَاس (“to tend a horse”).


dosa

ms-noun

dosa (Jawi spelling دوسا, plural dosa-dosa, informal 1st possessive dosaku, 2nd possessive dosamu, 3rd possessive dosanya)

دوسا (Jawi)
dosa-dosa (plural)
dosaku (first-person informal possessive)
dosamu (possessive second-person)
dosanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: dosa

→ Iban: dosa

→ Maranao: dosa

→ Tagalog: dusa (“suffering”)

→ Tausug: dusa


johan

johan (Jawi spelling جوهن, plural johan-johan, informal 1st possessive johanku, 2nd possessive johanmu, 3rd possessive johannya)

جوهن (Jawi)
johan-johan (plural)
johanku (first-person informal possessive)
johanmu (possessive second-person)
johannya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: johan

Borrowed from Classical Persian جهان (jahān, “world”), from Middle Persian [script needed] (gyhʾn' /gēhān/, “worldly creatures, world”), from plural genitive form of Proto-Iranian *gay-θā-.

der

champion, winner; someone that has won (in a championship, competition, tournament, etc.)


fitnah

ms-noun

fitnah (Jawi spelling فتنه, plural fitnah-fitnah, informal 1st possessive fitnahku, 2nd possessive fitnahmu, 3rd possessive fitnahnya)

فتنه (Jawi)
fitnah-fitnah (plural)
fitnahku (first-person informal possessive)
fitnahmu (possessive second-person)
fitnahnya (possessive third-person)


azan

azan (Jawi spelling اذان, plural azan-azan, informal 1st possessive azanku, 2nd possessive azanmu, 3rd possessive azannya)

اذان (Jawi)
azan-azan (plural)
azanku (first-person informal possessive)
azanmu (possessive second-person)
azannya (possessive third-person)


hikmah

hikmah (Jawi spelling حکمه, plural hikmah-hikmah, informal 1st possessive hikmahku, 2nd possessive hikmahmu, 3rd possessive hikmahnya)

حکمه (Jawi)
hikmah-hikmah (plural)
hikmahku (first-person informal possessive)
hikmahmu (possessive second-person)
hikmahnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: hikmah


iftar

iftar (plural iftar-iftar, informal 1st possessive iftarku, 2nd possessive iftarmu, 3rd possessive iftarnya)

iftar-iftar (plural)
iftarku (first-person informal possessive)
iftarmu (possessive second-person)
iftarnya (possessive third-person)

bor

Arabic إِفْطَار (ʔifṭār)

(Islam) The evening meal or dinner that marks the end of the daily fast on Ramadan.


iman

ms-noun

iman (plural iman-iman, informal 1st possessive imanku, 2nd possessive imanmu, 3rd possessive imannya)

iman-iman (plural)
imanku (first-person informal possessive)
imanmu (possessive second-person)
imannya (possessive third-person)

bor

Arabic إِيمَان (ʔīmān)


kafir

ms-noun

kafir (Jawi spelling کافير, plural kafir-kafir)

From Arabic كَافِر (kāfir, “denier, unbeliever”).

bor

(Islam, offensive, religious slur) A kafir, a disbeliever, a denier: someone who denies the truths from Allah; or more broadly any non-Muslim.


masjid

ms-noun

masjid (Jawi spelling مسجد, plural masjid-masjid, informal 1st possessive masjidku, 2nd possessive masjidmu, 3rd possessive masjidnya)

مسجد (Jawi)
masjid-masjid (plural)
masjidku (first-person informal possessive)
masjidmu (possessive second-person)
masjidnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: masjid

Baku, Standard Singapore, Sarawak, Sabah


rasul

head

rasul (Jawi spelling رسول, also used in the form rasul Allah)

رسول (Jawi)
rasul Allah (also used-in-the-form)

Indonesian: rasul

→ Maguindanao: rasul

Borrowed from Arabic رَسُول (rasūl, “messenger”).

bor+

(Islam) A prophet or messenger in Islam.


takbir

ms-noun

takbir (Jawi spelling تکبير, plural takbir-takbir, informal 1st possessive takbirku, 2nd possessive takbirmu, 3rd possessive takbirnya)

تکبير (Jawi)
takbir-takbir (plural)
takbirku (first-person informal possessive)
takbirmu (possessive second-person)
takbirnya (possessive third-person)

(Islam) takbir: A proclamation of the greatness of God, "Allahu akbar".


ummah

ummah (Jawi spelling اومة, plural ummah-ummah, informal 1st possessive ummahku, 2nd possessive ummahmu, 3rd possessive ummahnya)

اومة (Jawi)
ummah-ummah (plural)
ummahku (first-person informal possessive)
ummahmu (possessive second-person)
ummahnya (possessive third-person)

From Arabic أُمَّة (ʔumma, “community”).

community (usually the Muslim community)


PTT

PTT (plural PTT-PTT, informal 1st possessive PTTku, 2nd possessive PTTmu, 3rd possessive PTTnya)

PTT-PTT (plural)
PTTku (first-person informal possessive)
PTTmu (possessive second-person)
PTTnya (possessive third-person)

pegawai tidak tauliah
pegawai tidak tauliah#Malay

(Malaysia) Initialism of pegawai tidak tauliah.


tonsil

tonsil (Jawi spelling تونسيل, plural tonsil-tonsil, informal 1st possessive tonsilku, 2nd possessive tonsilmu, 3rd possessive tonsilnya)

تونسيل (Jawi)
tonsil-tonsil (plural)
tonsilku (first-person informal possessive)
tonsilmu (possessive second-person)
tonsilnya (possessive third-person)


isi

isi (Jawi spelling ايسي, plural isi-isi, informal 1st possessive isiku, 2nd possessive isimu, 3rd possessive isinya)

ايسي (Jawi)
isi-isi (plural)
isiku (first-person informal possessive)
isimu (possessive second-person)
isinya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: isi

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *isi, from Proto-Austronesian *isi.

perisian [causative passive + resultative

mengisikan [agent focus + causative benefactive]

diisikan [patient focus + causative benefactive]


saat

saat (Jawi spelling ساعت, plural saat-saat, informal 1st possessive saatku, 2nd possessive saatmu, 3rd possessive saatnya)

ساعت (Jawi)
saat-saat (plural)
saatku (first-person informal possessive)
saatmu (possessive second-person)
saatnya (possessive third-person)


sami

sami (Jawi spelling سامي, plural sami-sami, informal 1st possessive samiku, 2nd possessive samimu, 3rd possessive saminya)

سامي (Jawi)
sami-sami (plural)
samiku (first-person informal possessive)
samimu (possessive second-person)
saminya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: sami

Derived from Pali sāmī, from Sanskrit स्वामिन् (svāmin). Doublet of suami.


suku

suku (Jawi spelling سوکو, plural suku-suku, informal 1st possessive sukuku, 2nd possessive sukumu, 3rd possessive sukunya)

سوکو (Jawi)
suku-suku (plural)
sukuku (first-person informal possessive)
sukumu (possessive second-person)
sukunya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suku (“one quarter; designation for a division of society, probably a lineage”).

inh

Sekarang satu suku.

(Indonesian)

(finance) a fourth part of the year; 3 months; a term or season.

Suku Jawa

(Negeri Sembilan) A traditional matrilineal clan under Adat Perpatih.


ara

ms-noun

ara (Jawi spelling ارا, plural ara-ara, informal 1st possessive araku, 2nd possessive aramu, 3rd possessive aranya)

ارا (Jawi)
ara-ara (plural)
araku (first-person informal possessive)
aramu (possessive second-person)
aranya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: ara


asu

asu (Jawi spelling اسو, plural asu-asu, informal 1st possessive asuku, 2nd possessive asumu, 3rd possessive asunya)

اسو (Jawi)
asu-asu (plural)
asuku (first-person informal possessive)
asumu (possessive second-person)
asunya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *asu, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *asu, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *asu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *asu, from Proto-Austronesian *(w)asu.


talas

talas (Jawi spelling تالس, informal 1st possessive talasku, 2nd possessive talasmu, 3rd possessive talasnya)

تالس (Jawi)
talasku (first-person informal possessive)
talasmu (possessive second-person)
talasnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: talas

From Proto-Malayic *taləs, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taləs.

Ada ubi ada talas, ada budi ada balas.

(literally, “Taro and tubers, kindness will return favors.”)

Good deeds will be returned with gratitude someday.

Membungkus tulang dengan daun talas.

(literally, “Wrapping a bone with a taro leaf.”)


bebek

bebek (plural bebek-bebek, informal 1st possessive bebekku, 2nd possessive bebekmu, 3rd possessive bebeknya)

bebek-bebek (plural)
bebekku (first-person informal possessive)
bebekmu (possessive second-person)
bebeknya (possessive third-person)

Cebuano: bibi

Hiligaynon: bibi

Indonesian: bebek

Masbatenyo: bibe

Old Javanese: bebek

Javanese: ꦧꦺꦧꦺꦏ꧀ (bèbèk)

→ Balinese: ᬩᬾᬩᬾᬓ᭄ (bébék)

Rukai: bibi

Tagalog: bibe

Saisiyat: bibi꞉

Yami: bibi


ef

The name of the Latin-script letter F/f.


kindergarten

head

kindergarten (less used, plural kindergarten-kindergarten)

From English kindergarten, from German Kindergarten.

kindergarten (educational institution for young children, usually between ages 4 and 6)


lesen

ms-noun

lesen (Jawi spelling ليسين, plural lesen-lesen, informal 1st possessive lesenku, 2nd possessive lesenmu, 3rd possessive lesennya)

ليسين (Jawi)
lesen-lesen (plural)
lesenku (first-person informal possessive)
lesenmu (possessive second-person)
lesennya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from English licence. The loss of the final consonant -ce /s/ is either due to constraint against final consonant clusters, or being analysed as a plural ending (Malay lacked regular plurals).


anjing

anjing (Jawi spelling انجيڠ, plural anjing-anjing, informal 1st possessive anjingku, 2nd possessive anjingmu, 3rd possessive anjingnya)

انجيڠ (Jawi)
anjing-anjing (plural)
anjingku (first-person informal possessive)
anjingmu (possessive second-person)
anjingnya (possessive third-person)

Anjing saya suka tidur dan makan.


francais

فرنچاءيس (Jawi)

From English franchise, from Middle English franchise, fraunchise, from Old French franchise (“freedom”), a derivative of franc (“free”).

A franchise:
Right granted by a government.

Acknowledgement of a corporation's existence.

Authorization granted for distribution of goods or services.

A business operating under such authorization; a franchisee.

A franchise:
Exemption from jurisdiction.

A franchise:
Right to vote at an election.

(sports) Collection of organizations in a sport team's history.

(business, marketing) Positive influence on the buying behaviour of customers.

Loose collection of fictional works pertaining to a particular universe.


gamelan

gamelan (Jawi spelling ݢميلن, informal 1st possessive gamelanku, 2nd possessive gamelanmu, 3rd possessive gamelannya)

ݢميلن (Jawi)
gamelanku (first-person informal possessive)
gamelanmu (possessive second-person)
gamelannya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Javanese ꦒꦩꦼꦭꦤ꧀ (gamelan), from Old Javanese gamelan.


lari

lari (Jawi spelling لاري, plural lari-lari, informal 1st possessive lariku, 2nd possessive larimu, 3rd possessive larinya)

لاري (Jawi)
lari-lari (plural)
lariku (first-person informal possessive)
larimu (possessive second-person)
larinya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *lari, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *lari, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *lari, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laʀiw, from Proto-Austronesian *laʀiw.


kiu

The name of the Latin-script letter Q/q.


lahu

lahu (Jawi spelling لاهو, plural lahu-lahu, informal 1st possessive lahuku, 2nd possessive lahumu, 3rd possessive lahunya)

لاهو (Jawi)
lahu-lahu (plural)
lahuku (first-person informal possessive)
lahumu (possessive second-person)
lahunya (possessive third-person)


hon

hon (Jawi spelling هون, plural hon-hon, informal 1st possessive honku, 2nd possessive honmu, 3rd possessive honnya)

هون (Jawi)
hon-hon (plural)
honku (first-person informal possessive)
honmu (possessive second-person)
honnya (possessive third-person)


nek

nek (Jawi spelling نيق, informal 1st possessive nekku, 2nd possessive nekmu, 3rd possessive neknya)

نيق (Jawi)
nekku (first-person informal possessive)
nekmu (possessive second-person)
neknya (possessive third-person)


rega

rega (Jawi spelling رݢ, plural rega-rega, informal 1st possessive regaku, 2nd possessive regamu, 3rd possessive reganya)

رݢ (Jawi)
rega-rega (plural)
regaku (first-person informal possessive)
regamu (possessive second-person)
reganya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Sanskrit अर्घ (argha). Doublet of harga.


helikopter

helikopter (plural helikopter-helikopter, informal 1st possessive helikopterku, 2nd possessive helikoptermu, 3rd possessive helikopternya)

helikopter-helikopter (plural)
helikopterku (first-person informal possessive)
helikoptermu (possessive second-person)
helikopternya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from English helicopter, from French hélicoptère, from Ancient Greek ἕλιξ (hélix, “spiral”) + πτερόν (pterón, “wing”).


bara

bara (Jawi spelling بارا, plural bara-bara, informal 1st possessive baraku, 2nd possessive baramu, 3rd possessive baranya)

بارا (Jawi)
bara-bara (plural)
baraku (first-person informal possessive)
baramu (possessive second-person)
baranya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: bara

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀah, from Proto-Austronesian *baʀah.

perbaraan [causative passive + resultative

membarai [agent focus + causative benefactive]


rege

régé (Jawi spelling ريݢي, plural rege-rege, informal 1st possessive regeku, 2nd possessive regemu, 3rd possessive regenya)

régé (canonical)
ريݢي (Jawi)
rege-rege (plural)
regeku (first-person informal possessive)
regemu (possessive second-person)
regenya (possessive third-person)

(music, dance) A type of music or dance that originated from the West Indies; reggae.


dansa

dansa (Jawi spelling دنسا, plural dansa-dansa, informal 1st possessive dansaku, 2nd possessive dansamu, 3rd possessive dansanya)

دنسا (Jawi)
dansa-dansa (plural)
dansaku (first-person informal possessive)
dansamu (possessive second-person)
dansanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: dansa

Borrowed from Portuguese dança (“dance”) or Spanish danza (“dance”).

A dance (especially one of Western origin).


dapur

dapur (Jawi spelling داڤور, plural dapur-dapur, informal 1st possessive dapurku, 2nd possessive dapurmu, 3rd possessive dapurnya)

داڤور (Jawi)
dapur-dapur (plural)
dapurku (first-person informal possessive)
dapurmu (possessive second-person)
dapurnya (possessive third-person)

> Indonesian: dapur (inherited)

→ Javanese: ꦝꦥꦸꦂ (dhapur)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dapuR. Cognate with Tagalog dapog, Samoan magalafu (“fireplace, furnace”).


peti

pĕti (Jawi spelling ڤتي, plural peti-peti, informal 1st possessive petiku, 2nd possessive petimu, 3rd possessive petinya)

pĕti (canonical)
ڤتي (Jawi)
peti-peti (plural)
petiku (first-person informal possessive)
petimu (possessive second-person)
petinya (possessive third-person)

Baba Malay: peti

Indonesian: peti

→ Urak Lawoi': เปอตี (peti)

From Tamil பெட்டி (peṭṭi, “chest, trunk, box, case”) or Hindi पेटी (peṭī, “box, chest”).


sendi

ms-noun

sendi (Jawi spelling سندي, plural sendi-sendi, informal 1st possessive sendiku, 2nd possessive sendimu, 3rd possessive sendinya)

سندي (Jawi)
sendi-sendi (plural)
sendiku (first-person informal possessive)
sendimu (possessive second-person)
sendinya (possessive third-person)


kalendar

kalendar (Jawi spelling کاليندر, plural kalendar-kalendar, informal 1st possessive kalendarku, 2nd possessive kalendarmu, 3rd possessive kalendarnya)

کاليندر (Jawi)
kalendar-kalendar (plural)
kalendarku (first-person informal possessive)
kalendarmu (possessive second-person)
kalendarnya (possessive third-person)

calendar (system by which time is divided)


desa

desa (Jawi spelling ديسا, plural desa-desa, informal 1st possessive desaku, 2nd possessive desamu, 3rd possessive desanya)

ديسا (Jawi)
desa-desa (plural)
desaku (first-person informal possessive)
desamu (possessive second-person)
desanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: desa

→ Min Nan: 禮些 /礼些 (lése)


slanga

slanga (Jawi spelling سلاڠا, plural slanga-slanga, informal 1st possessive slangaku, 2nd possessive slangamu, 3rd possessive slanganya)

سلاڠا (Jawi)
slanga-slanga (plural)
slangaku (first-person informal possessive)
slangamu (possessive second-person)
slanganya (possessive third-person)

Jangan gunakan slanga dalam karangan kamu!

Words or expressions that are considered nonstandard; slang.


ramen

ramen (plural ramen-ramen, informal 1st possessive ramenku, 2nd possessive ramenmu, 3rd possessive ramennya)

ramen-ramen (plural)
ramenku (first-person informal possessive)
ramenmu (possessive second-person)
ramennya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Japanese ラーメン (rāmen), from Mandarin 拉麵 /拉面 (lāmiàn, “pulled noodles”).


tir

ms-noun

tir (Jawi spelling تير, plural tir-tir, informal 1st possessive tirku, 2nd possessive tirmu, 3rd possessive tirnya)

تير (Jawi)
tir-tir (plural)
tirku (first-person informal possessive)
tirmu (possessive second-person)
tirnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: tir

(sports) The rook or castle piece in chess.


pagi

pagi (Jawi spelling ڤاݢي, plural pagi-pagi)

Baba Malay: pagi

Indonesian: pagi

* According to Adelaar (1992), from Proto-Malayic *pagi.
* According to Hoogervorst (2016), who proposed a loan from Ardhamagadhi Prakrit page, from Sanskrit प्रगे (prage, “crack of dawn”). For similar vocalism, confer Eastern Cham pagé.


ain

ain (Jawi spelling عين, plural ain-ain, informal 1st possessive ainku, 2nd possessive ainmu, 3rd possessive ainnya)

عين (Jawi)
ain-ain (plural)
ainku (first-person informal possessive)
ainmu (possessive second-person)
ainnya (possessive third-person)

From Arabic عَيْن (ʕayn), from Proto-Semitic *ʿayn-, from Proto-Afroasiatic *ʿayVn-.


parti

parti (Jawi spelling ڤرتي, plural parti-parti, informal 1st possessive partiku, 2nd possessive partimu, 3rd possessive partinya)

ڤرتي (Jawi)
parti-parti (plural)
partiku (first-person informal possessive)
partimu (possessive second-person)
partinya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from English party, from Middle English party, partye, partie, from Anglo-Norman partie, from Medieval Latin partīta (“a part, party”), from Latin partīta, feminine of partītus, past participle of partiō (“to divide”).

der

Parti itu akan bermula pada pukul 8.

The party is going to start at 8 o'clock.

Parti Komunis Malaya


sampan

ms-noun

sampan (Jawi spelling سمڤن, plural sampan-sampan, informal 1st possessive sampanku, 2nd possessive sampanmu, 3rd possessive sampannya)

سمڤن (Jawi)
sampan-sampan (plural)
sampanku (first-person informal possessive)
sampanmu (possessive second-person)
sampannya (possessive third-person)

From Classical Malay سمڤن (sampan), from Hokkien 舢板 (sam-pán).

Sampan itu terbalik disebabkan ombak-ombak yang kuat.

The boat capsized because of the strong waves.


fon

Borrowed from English phone, clipping of telephone.

Fon ini siapa punya?


fon

From English font, from Middle French fonte, feminine past participle of verb fondre (“to melt”).

fon serif


fon

Borrowed from English phone, from Ancient Greek φωνή (phōnḗ, “sound”).


lagu

lagu (Jawi spelling لاݢو, plural lagu-lagu, informal 1st possessive laguku, 2nd possessive lagumu, 3rd possessive lagunya)

لاݢو (Jawi)
lagu-lagu (plural)
laguku (first-person informal possessive)
lagumu (possessive second-person)
lagunya (possessive third-person)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lagu (“way, manner; melody”)

inh+

Lagu yang berkumandang di radio itu, menenangkan diri saya.

The song that is played in the radio, calms me down.


aurum

ms-noun

aurum (Jawi spelling اٴوروم, informal 1st possessive aurumku, 2nd possessive aurummu, 3rd possessive aurumnya)

اٴوروم (Jawi)
aurumku (first-person informal possessive)
aurummu (possessive second-person)
aurumnya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from English aurum, from Latin aurum.


cara

cara (Jawi spelling چارا, plural cara-cara, informal 1st possessive caraku, 2nd possessive caramu, 3rd possessive caranya)

چارا (Jawi)
cara-cara (plural)
caraku (first-person informal possessive)
caramu (possessive second-person)
caranya (possessive third-person)

> Indonesian: cara (inherited)

desc

> Peranakan Indonesian: tjara (inherited)

From Sanskrit आचार (ācāra, “behaviour, good conduct; usage; custom; rule”), from Sanskrit चर् (car, “to move, to practice”).
Alternatively, from Persian چاره (čâra, “remedy; help; business; scheme; means, manner, mode”).


puri

ms-noun

puri (Jawi spelling ڤوري, plural puri-puri, informal 1st possessive puriku, 2nd possessive purimu, 3rd possessive purinya)

ڤوري (Jawi)
puri-puri (plural)
puriku (first-person informal possessive)
purimu (possessive second-person)
purinya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: puri

From Sanskrit पुरी (purī). Doublet of pura.

residential section of a palace
(bahasa istana) room


puri

puri (plural puri-puri, informal 1st possessive puriku, 2nd possessive purimu, 3rd possessive purinya)

puri-puri (plural)
puriku (first-person informal possessive)
purimu (possessive second-person)
purinya (possessive third-person)

From English puree, from French purée, from Old French puree; feminine past participle of verb purer (“to make pure”), from Late Latin purare (same sense) from Classical Latin purus (“pure”).

puree: a food that has been ground or crushed into a thick liquid.


gen

gen (plural gen-gen, informal 1st possessive genku, 2nd possessive genmu, 3rd possessive gennya)

gen-gen (plural)
genku (first-person informal possessive)
genmu (possessive second-person)
gennya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Dutch gen (“gene”), from German Gen (which was coined by Danish biologist Wilhelm Ludvig Johannsen in a German-language publication), from Ancient Greek γενεά (geneá, “generation, descent”), from the aorist infinitive of γίγνομαι (gígnomai, “I come into being”).

der

(genetics) a theoretical unit of heredity of living organisms; a gene may take several values and in principle predetermines a precise trait of an organism's form (phenotype), such as hair colour.

(molecular biology) locus: a segment of DNA or RNA from a cell's or an organism's genome, that may take several forms and thus parameterizes a phenomenon, in general the structure of a protein.


BI

ms-noun

BI (informal 1st possessive BIku, 2nd possessive BImu, 3rd possessive BInya)

BIku (first-person informal possessive)
BImu (possessive second-person)
BInya (possessive third-person)

(education) short for Bahasa Inggeris (“English”).


nona

nona (Jawi spelling نونا, plural nona-nona, informal 1st possessive nonaku, 2nd possessive nonamu, 3rd possessive nonanya)

نونا (Jawi)
nona-nona (plural)
nonaku (first-person informal possessive)
nonamu (possessive second-person)
nonanya (possessive third-person)

Ambonese Malay: nona

Indonesian: nona

From Portuguese dona (“lady”) likely via Javanese. Doublet of nonya and nyonya.


nona

Indonesian: nona

Annona squamosa
Annona squamosa#Translingual

custard apple or sugar apple (Annona squamosa)

glue berry or bird lime tree (Cordia dichotoma)


taksi

taksi (Jawi spelling تيکسي, plural taksi-taksi, informal 1st possessive taksiku, 2nd possessive taksimu, 3rd possessive taksinya)

تيکسي (Jawi)
taksi-taksi (plural)
taksiku (first-person informal possessive)
taksimu (possessive second-person)
taksinya (possessive third-person)


takse

takse (informal 1st possessive takseku, 2nd possessive taksemu, 3rd possessive taksenya)

takseku (first-person informal possessive)
taksemu (possessive second-person)
taksenya (possessive third-person)


isim

isim (Jawi spelling اسم, plural isim-isim, informal 1st possessive isimku, 2nd possessive isimmu, 3rd possessive isimnya)

اسم (Jawi)
isim-isim (plural)
isimku (first-person informal possessive)
isimmu (possessive second-person)
isimnya (possessive third-person)

name (word or phrase indicating a particular person, place, class or thing)


aki

aki (Jawi spelling اکي, plural aki-aki, informal 1st possessive akiku, 2nd possessive akimu, 3rd possessive akinya)

اکي (Jawi)
aki-aki (plural)
akiku (first-person informal possessive)
akimu (possessive second-person)
akinya (possessive third-person)


asa

asa (Jawi spelling اسا, plural asa-asa, informal 1st possessive asaku, 2nd possessive asamu, 3rd possessive asanya)

اسا (Jawi)
asa-asa (plural)
asaku (first-person informal possessive)
asamu (possessive second-person)
asanya (possessive third-person)

hope (belief that something wished for can happen)


bala

bala (Jawi spelling بالا, plural bala-bala, informal 1st possessive balaku, 2nd possessive balamu, 3rd possessive balanya)

بالا (Jawi)
bala-bala (plural)
balaku (first-person informal possessive)
balamu (possessive second-person)
balanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: bala


bala

bala (Jawi spelling بالا or بلاء, plural bala-bala, informal 1st possessive balaku, 2nd possessive balamu, 3rd possessive balanya)

بالا (Jawi)
بلاء (Jawi)
bala-bala (plural)
balaku (first-person informal possessive)
balamu (possessive second-person)
balanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: bala

From Arabic بَلَاء (balāʔ, “misfortune”).


isu

Borrowed from English issue, from Middle English issue, from Old French issue (“an exit, a way out”), feminine past participle of issir (“to exit”), from Latin exeō (“go out, exit”), from prefix ex- (“out”) + eō (“go”).

issue (question or situation to be resolved)


masa

masa (Jawi spelling ماس, plural masa-masa, informal 1st possessive masaku, 2nd possessive masamu, 3rd possessive masanya)

ماس (Jawi)
masa-masa (plural)
masaku (first-person informal possessive)
masamu (possessive second-person)
masanya (possessive third-person)

Probably from Sanskrit मास (māsa, “month”).

time (time of day, as indicated by a clock, etc)

time (measurement under some system of the time of day or moment in time)

time (numerical indication of a particular moment in time)


tenis

tenis (plural tenis-tenis, informal 1st possessive tenisku, 2nd possessive tenismu, 3rd possessive tenisnya)

tenis-tenis (plural)
tenisku (first-person informal possessive)
tenismu (possessive second-person)
tenisnya (possessive third-person)


bidan

bidan (Jawi spelling بيدن, plural bidan-bidan, informal 1st possessive bidanku, 2nd possessive bidanmu, 3rd possessive bidannya)

بيدن (Jawi)
bidan-bidan (plural)
bidanku (first-person informal possessive)
bidanmu (possessive second-person)
bidannya (possessive third-person)

From Prakrit *𑀯𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀡 (*viddāṇa), from Sanskrit विद्वान् (vidvān, “wise man”). Doublet of biduan.

Midwife (person who assists women in childbirth)


bomba

bomba (plural bomba-bomba, informal 1st possessive bombaku, 2nd possessive bombamu, 3rd possessive bombanya)

bomba-bomba (plural)
bombaku (first-person informal possessive)
bombamu (possessive second-person)
bombanya (possessive third-person)

→ Central Dusun: bumba

→ Tausug: bumba


palma

palma (Jawi spelling ڤلما, plural palma-palma, informal 1st possessive palmaku, 2nd possessive palmamu, 3rd possessive palmanya)

ڤلما (Jawi)
palma-palma (plural)
palmaku (first-person informal possessive)
palmamu (possessive second-person)
palmanya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from English palm, from Latin palma.

palm tree (any tree of the family Arecaceae)


haba

haba (Jawi spelling هاب, informal 1st possessive habaku, 2nd possessive habamu, 3rd possessive habanya)

هاب (Jawi)
habaku (first-person informal possessive)
habamu (possessive second-person)
habanya (possessive third-person)

(energy form) latent heat, heat conduction


ari

ari (Jawi spelling اري, plural ari-ari, informal 1st possessive ariku, 2nd possessive arimu, 3rd possessive arinya)

اري (Jawi)
ari-ari (plural)
ariku (first-person informal possessive)
arimu (possessive second-person)
arinya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Javanese ari, from Old Javanese aḍi, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *huaji, from Proto-Austronesian *Suaji.


mas

Shortened from emas, from Sanskrit माष (māṣa, “particular weight of gold”).


usus

ms-noun

usus (Jawi spelling اوسوس, plural usus-usus, informal 1st possessive ususku, 2nd possessive ususmu, 3rd possessive ususnya)

اوسوس (Jawi)
usus-usus (plural)
ususku (first-person informal possessive)
ususmu (possessive second-person)
ususnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: usus

→ Ternate: usus


carian

carian (Jawi spelling چارين, plural carian-carian, informal 1st possessive carianku, 2nd possessive carianmu, 3rd possessive cariannya)

چارين (Jawi)
carian-carian (plural)
carianku (first-person informal possessive)
carianmu (possessive second-person)
cariannya (possessive third-person)


ozon

ozon (Jawi spelling اوزون, informal 1st possessive ozonku, 2nd possessive ozonmu, 3rd possessive ozonnya)

اوزون (Jawi)
ozonku (first-person informal possessive)
ozonmu (possessive second-person)
ozonnya (possessive third-person)


boi

boi (Jawi spelling بوي, plural boi-boi, informal 1st possessive boiku, 2nd possessive boimu, 3rd possessive boinya)

بوي (Jawi)
boi-boi (plural)
boiku (first-person informal possessive)
boimu (possessive second-person)
boinya (possessive third-person)


teta

teta (Jawi spelling تيتا, plural teta-teta, informal 1st possessive tetaku, 2nd possessive tetamu, 3rd possessive tetanya)

تيتا (Jawi)
teta-teta (plural)
tetaku (first-person informal possessive)
tetamu (possessive second-person)
tetanya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from English theta, from Ancient Greek θῆτα (thêta).

Huruf teta


tante

tante (Jawi spelling تنتى, plural tante-tante, informal 1st possessive tanteku, 2nd possessive tantemu, 3rd possessive tantenya)

تنتى (Jawi)
tante-tante (plural)
tanteku (first-person informal possessive)
tantemu (possessive second-person)
tantenya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: tante

(Netherlands) aunt (a parent’s sister or sister-in-law)


samur

samur (Jawi spelling سمور, plural samur-samur, informal 1st possessive samurku, 2nd possessive samurmu, 3rd possessive samurnya)

سمور (Jawi)
samur-samur (plural)
samurku (first-person informal possessive)
samurmu (possessive second-person)
samurnya (possessive third-person)


seng

From Indonesian seng, from Dutch zink, from German Zink, from Zinken.


doktor

doktor (Jawi spelling دوکتور, plural doktor-doktor, informal 1st possessive doktorku, 2nd possessive doktormu, 3rd possessive doktornya)

دوکتور (Jawi)
doktor-doktor (plural)
doktorku (first-person informal possessive)
doktormu (possessive second-person)
doktornya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from English doctor, from Middle English doctor, doctour (“an expert, authority on a subject”), from Anglo-Norman doctour, from Latin doctor (“teacher”), from doceō (“I teach”).

(Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore) doctor; physician

doctor (person who has attained a doctorate, such as a Ph.D. or Th.D. or one of many other terminal degrees conferred by a college or university)


lamina

lamina (Jawi spelling لامينا, plural lamina-lamina, informal 1st possessive laminaku, 2nd possessive laminamu, 3rd possessive laminanya)

لامينا (Jawi)
lamina-lamina (plural)
laminaku (first-person informal possessive)
laminamu (possessive second-person)
laminanya (possessive third-person)


baja

baja (plural baja-baja, informal 1st possessive bajaku, 2nd possessive bajamu, 3rd possessive bajanya)

baja-baja (plural)
bajaku (first-person informal possessive)
bajamu (possessive second-person)
bajanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: baja

From Sanskrit वाज (vāja, “sacrificial food or prayer”).


rama

ms-noun

rama (Jawi spelling راما, plural rama-rama, informal 1st possessive ramaku, 2nd possessive ramamu, 3rd possessive ramanya)

راما (Jawi)
rama-rama (plural)
ramaku (first-person informal possessive)
ramamu (possessive second-person)
ramanya (possessive third-person)

From Old Javanese rāma (“father”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *da-amax (“father”), from Proto-Austronesian *ama-h (“father”).


يوم

يوم (Rumi spelling yaum, plural يوم-يوم or يوم٢, informal 1st possessive يومکو, 2nd possessive يوممو, 3rd possessive يومڽ)

yaum (Rumi)
يوم-يوم (plural)
يوم٢ (plural)
يومکو (first-person informal possessive)
يوممو (possessive second-person)
يومڽ (possessive third-person)

day (period from midnight to the following midnight)

day (part of a day period which one spends at one’s job, school, etc.)


demokrasi

demokrasi (Jawi spelling ديموکراسي, informal 1st possessive demokrasiku, 2nd possessive demokrasimu, 3rd possessive demokrasinya)

ديموکراسي (Jawi)
demokrasiku (first-person informal possessive)
demokrasimu (possessive second-person)
demokrasinya (possessive third-person)

From Dutch democratie or English democracy, from Middle French democratie, from Medieval Latin democratia, from Ancient Greek δημοκρατία (dēmokratía).


harmonika

harmonika (Jawi spelling هرمونيکا, plural harmonika-harmonika, informal 1st possessive harmonikaku, 2nd possessive harmonikamu, 3rd possessive harmonikanya)

هرمونيکا (Jawi)
harmonika-harmonika (plural)
harmonikaku (first-person informal possessive)
harmonikamu (possessive second-person)
harmonikanya (possessive third-person)

(music) harmonica: a musical wind instrument with a series of holes for the player to blow into, each hole producing a different note.


دم

دم (plural دم-دم or دم٢, informal 1st possessive دمکو, 2nd possessive دممو, 3rd possessive دمڽ)

دم-دم (plural)
دم٢ (plural)
دمکو (first-person informal possessive)
دممو (possessive second-person)
دمڽ (possessive third-person)


بالغ

بالغ (plural بالغ-بالغ or بالغ٢, informal 1st possessive بالغکو, 2nd possessive بالغمو, 3rd possessive بالغڽ)

بالغ-بالغ (plural)
بالغ٢ (plural)
بالغکو (first-person informal possessive)
بالغمو (possessive second-person)
بالغڽ (possessive third-person)


paun

Borrowed from English pound, from Middle English pound, from Old English pund (“a pound, weight”), from Proto-Germanic *pundą (“pound, weight”), an early borrowing from Latin pondō (“by weight”), ablative form of pondus (“weight”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pend- (“to pull, stretch”).

der

The pound sterling; the currency of the United Kingdom.

The currency of some countries (Sudan, Syria, and Egypt).

A unit of mass equal to 16 ounces or 0.4536 kilograms.

Jewellery (bracelets, lockets, etc.) made out of gold that are shaped like coins.


paun

ms-noun

paun (Jawi spelling ڤاءون, plural paun-paun)

Borrowed from English pound, from Middle English pounde, ponde, pund, from Old English pund (“an enclosure”).

A pound; a place for confining animals (buffaloes, cows, etc.) that roam around a lot.


halwa

halwa (Jawi spelling هلوا or حلوا or حلوى, plural halwa-halwa, informal 1st possessive halwaku, 2nd possessive halwamu, 3rd possessive halwanya)

هلوا (Jawi)
حلوا (Jawi)
حلوى (Jawi)
halwa-halwa (plural)
halwaku (first-person informal possessive)
halwamu (possessive second-person)
halwanya (possessive third-person)

Malaccan Creole Malay: alua

Indonesian: halwa


dara

dara (Jawi spelling دارا, informal 1st possessive daraku, 2nd possessive daramu, 3rd possessive daranya)

دارا (Jawi)
daraku (first-person informal possessive)
daramu (possessive second-person)
daranya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: dara

From Proto-Malayic *dara, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daʀa (“maiden, virgin, unmarried girl”). Compare Tagalog dalaga.

inh

perdaraan [causative passive + resultative


dara

Indonesian: dara

Columba domestica
Columba domestica#Translingual


pari

ms-noun

pari (Jawi spelling ڤاري, plural pari-pari, informal 1st possessive pariku, 2nd possessive parimu, 3rd possessive parinya)

ڤاري (Jawi)
pari-pari (plural)
pariku (first-person informal possessive)
parimu (possessive second-person)
parinya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: pari

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *pari(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paʀih, from Proto-Austronesian *paʀiS.

ray (marine fish with a flat body, large wing-like fins, and a whip-like tail)


dana

dana (Jawi spelling دانا, plural dana-dana, informal 1st possessive danaku, 2nd possessive danamu, 3rd possessive dananya)

دانا (Jawi)
dana-dana (plural)
danaku (first-person informal possessive)
danamu (possessive second-person)
dananya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: dana


riba

riba (Jawi spelling ريبا, plural riba-riba, informal 1st possessive ribaku, 2nd possessive ribamu, 3rd possessive ribanya)

ريبا (Jawi)
riba-riba (plural)
ribaku (first-person informal possessive)
ribamu (possessive second-person)
ribanya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *riba (“lap”). Cognate with Buginese riwa and Selaru riha.


riba

Indonesian: riba


ji

The name of the Latin-script letter G/g.


jong

jong (Jawi spelling جوڠ, plural jong-jong, informal 1st possessive jongku, 2nd possessive jongmu, 3rd possessive jongnya)

جوڠ (Jawi)
jong-jong (plural)
jongku (first-person informal possessive)
jongmu (possessive second-person)
jongnya (possessive third-person)

> Indonesian: jung (inherited)

→ Arabic: جُنْك (junk)

→ Dutch: jonk, djonk

→ Portuguese: junco, junquo, jungo

→ English: junk

desc

→ Italian: giunco, giunca, giunchi (plural), giunche (plural), zonchi (plural)

→ French: jonque

→ German: Junke, Juncke, Dschunke

→ Latin: junkus, iunca, iuncus

→ Dutch: ionco, iunco

→ Italian: ioncque

→ French: ionct

→ Spanish: iuncque

→ Spanish: junco, juanga, joanga

Possibly from either:
* Javanese ꦗꦺꦴꦁ (jong), possibly ultimately from Proto-Mon-Khmer *d₂luuŋ ~ *d₂luŋ ~ *d₂luəŋ ~ *d₂ləŋ (“boat”).
* Hokkien 船 (chûn) or Teochew 船 (zung⁵), from Proto-Min *-džionᴬ (“ship, boat”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-lawŋ (“boat”). Compare Old Chinese 船 (OC *ɦljon).

ncog

Jong (a Javanese-Malay cargo and passenger ship)


teja

ms-noun

teja (Jawi spelling تيجا, plural teja-teja, informal 1st possessive tejaku, 2nd possessive tejamu, 3rd possessive tejanya)

تيجا (Jawi)
teja-teja (plural)
tejaku (first-person informal possessive)
tejamu (possessive second-person)
tejanya (possessive third-person)

From Pali teja, from Sanskrit तेजस् (tejas, “light”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *táyȷ́as, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)téyg-os (“sharpness”).

foreglow or afterglow, reddish or yellowish ray observed during sunset or sunrise


kuil

kuil (Jawi spelling کوءيل, plural kuil-kuil, informal 1st possessive kuilku, 2nd possessive kuilmu, 3rd possessive kuilnya)

کوءيل (Jawi)
kuil-kuil (plural)
kuilku (first-person informal possessive)
kuilmu (possessive second-person)
kuilnya (possessive third-person)

From Tamil கோயில் (kōyil). See also English kovil.


sigaret

sigaret (Jawi spelling سيݢاريت, plural sigaret-sigaret, informal 1st possessive sigaretku, 2nd possessive sigaretmu, 3rd possessive sigaretnya)

سيݢاريت (Jawi)
sigaret-sigaret (plural)
sigaretku (first-person informal possessive)
sigaretmu (possessive second-person)
sigaretnya (possessive third-person)

From English cigarette, from French cigarette, from cigare, from Spanish cigarro + diminutive suffix -ette.


jalan

jalan (Jawi spelling جالن, plural jalan-jalan, informal 1st possessive jalanku, 2nd possessive jalanmu, 3rd possessive jalannya)

جالن (Jawi)
jalan-jalan (plural)
jalanku (first-person informal possessive)
jalanmu (possessive second-person)
jalannya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayic *jalan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Austronesian *zalan.
First attested in the Kedukan Bukit inscription, 683 AD, as Old Malay [script needed] (jālan).


ganja

ganja (Jawi spelling ݢنجا, informal 1st possessive ganjaku, 2nd possessive ganjamu, 3rd possessive ganjanya)

ݢنجا (Jawi)
ganjaku (first-person informal possessive)
ganjamu (possessive second-person)
ganjanya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: ganja (“marijuana”)


sambal

sambal (Jawi spelling سمبل, plural sambal-sambal, informal 1st possessive sambalku, 2nd possessive sambalmu, 3rd possessive sambalnya)

سمبل (Jawi)
sambal-sambal (plural)
sambalku (first-person informal possessive)
sambalmu (possessive second-person)
sambalnya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: sambal

→ Afrikaans: sambal

→ Dutch: sambal

→ English: sambal

→ French: sambal

→ German: Sambal

→ Japanese: サンバル (sanbaru)

→ Korean: 삼발 (sambal)

→ Polish: sambal

→ Slovene: sambal

→ Spanish: sambal

→ Swedish: sambal

→ Tamil: சம்பல் (campal)

→ Thai: ซัมบัล (sambal)

From Javanese ꦱꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦭ꧀ (sambel), probably from Tamil சம்பால் (campāl), and Sanskrit सम्बार (sambāra, “spices”).


latah

latah (Jawi spelling لاته, informal 1st possessive latahku, 2nd possessive latahmu, 3rd possessive latahnya)

لاته (Jawi)
latahku (first-person informal possessive)
latahmu (possessive second-person)
latahnya (possessive third-person)

→ English: latah

Indonesian: latah

(pathology) latah (A condition found in Malaysia and nearby areas characterised by extreme suggestibility)


abid

head

abid (Jawi spelling عابد or عبيد, plural abidin or abid-abid)

عابد (Jawi)
عبيد (Jawi)
abidin (plural)
abid-abid (plural)

Indonesian: abid

From Arabic عَبِيد (ʕabīd), plural of عَبْد (ʕabd). Doublet of abdi.


toko

ms-noun

toko (Jawi spelling توکو, plural toko-toko, informal 1st possessive tokoku, 2nd possessive tokomu, 3rd possessive tokonya)

توکو (Jawi)
toko-toko (plural)
tokoku (first-person informal possessive)
tokomu (possessive second-person)
tokonya (possessive third-person)

desctree

> Indonesian: toko (inherited)
→ Tetum: toko

→ Dutch: toko
→ English: toko

→ Ternate: toko

From Hokkien 土庫 /土库 (thó͘-khò͘, “private storehouse”).

bor

Dalam sidang media di Balai Laila Muafakat, DBP, petang tadi, Pemangku Pengarah DBP, Hajah Sariani binti Haji Ishak selaku Pengerusi PBB dan KMBM menjelaskan, sebanyak 78 petak disediakan semasa pesta dan karnival berkenaan yang akan disertai oleh DBP, penerbit-penerbit buku kerajaan dan swasta serta toko buku dari dalam dan luar negara.

2018 February 22, Pg Fairol RMF, “Pesta Buku Brunei 27 Feb ini [Brunei Book Festival on 27th Feb]”, in Media Permata, archived from the original on 2018-10-29:

In a press conference at Balai Laila Muafakat, DBP (Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka), in the afternoon, DBP Acting Director, Hajah Sariani binti Haji Ishak, who is the chairperson of PBB (Pesta Buku Brunei) and KMBM (Karnival Memperkasa Budaya Membaca), explained that as many as 78 lots were available during the book festival and carnival which will be participated by DBP, government and private book publishers, as well as book retailers from within and outside the country.

(uncommon outside Indonesia) retailer; shop selling retail merchandise


بيت

ms-noun

بيت (plural بيت-بيت or بيت٢, informal 1st possessive بيتکو, 2nd possessive بيتمو, 3rd possessive بيتڽ)

بيت-بيت (plural)
بيت٢ (plural)
بيتکو (first-person informal possessive)
بيتمو (possessive second-person)
بيتڽ (possessive third-person)


merak

merak (Jawi spelling مرق, plural merak-merak, informal 1st possessive merakku, 2nd possessive merakmu, 3rd possessive meraknya)

مرق (Jawi)
merak-merak (plural)
merakku (first-person informal possessive)
merakmu (possessive second-person)
meraknya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from an Austroasiatic language. Compare Mon မြာ် (pəràik, “peacock”), from Old Mon mrek (“peacock”), ultimately from Proto-Mon-Khmer *mraik (“peacock”). Compare also Old Javanese mrak.


sultan

sultan (Jawi spelling سلطان, plural sultan-sultan, informal 1st possessive sultanku, 2nd possessive sultanmu, 3rd possessive sultannya)

سلطان (Jawi)
sultan-sultan (plural)
sultanku (first-person informal possessive)
sultanmu (possessive second-person)
sultannya (possessive third-person)

Indonesian: sultan

→ Min Nan: 史丹 (sú-tan)

→ Tagalog: sultan

From Arabic سُلْطَان (sulṭān), from Aramaic שולטנא (šulṭānā, “strength, authority, ruler, prince”).


balai polis

ms-noun

balai polis (Jawi spelling بالاي ڤوليس, plural balai-balai polis, informal 1st possessive balai polisku, 2nd possessive balai polismu, 3rd possessive balai polisnya)

بالاي ڤوليس (Jawi)
balai-balai polis (plural)
balai polis ku (first-person informal possessive)
balai polis mu (possessive second-person)
balai polis nya (possessive third-person)

balai (“house, station, department”) + polis (“police”).

compound

(Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore) police station (building of police force)


سلطان

ms-noun

سلطان (plural سلطان-سلطان or سلطان٢, informal 1st possessive سلطانکو, 2nd possessive سلطانمو, 3rd possessive سلطانڽ)

سلطان-سلطان (plural)
سلطان٢ (plural)
سلطانکو (first-person informal possessive)
سلطانمو (possessive second-person)
سلطانڽ (possessive third-person)