April

From English April, from Middle English apprile, from aueril, from Old French avrill, from Latin Aprīlis.

April (fourth month of the Gregorian calendar)


September

سيڤتيمبر (Jawi)

From English September, from late Old English, Latin September, from septem, from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥.

September (ninth month of the Gregorian calendar)


November

نوۏيمبر (Jawi)

From English November, from Middle English, from Old French novembre, from Latin November, from novem, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥.

November (eleventh month of the Gregorian calendar)


BM

kelas BM

buku BM

Initialism of bahasa Melayu and bahasa Malaysia.


Belgium

ms-proper noun

Bélgium (Jawi spelling بيلجيوم or بيلݢيوم)

Bélgium (canonical)
بيلجيوم (Jawi)
بيلݢيوم (Jawi)

Unadapted borrowing from English Belgium.

ubor

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


Malaysia

مليسيا (Jawi)

→ Japanese: マライシア (Maraishia) (obsolete)

From English Malaysia, via Malays + -ia, the root being from Melayu.

orang Malaysia


Albania

From English Albania, from Byzantine Greek Ἀλβανία (Albanía).

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English


Armenia

From English Armenia, from Ancient Greek Ἀρμενία (Armenía), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴 (a-r-mi-i-n /Armina/).

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


Azerbaijan

See English Azerbaijan, from Ancient Greek Ἀτροπατηνή (Atropatēnḗ).

Azerbaijan (a country in the South Caucasus, Asia and Europe)


China

From Middle Persian [script needed] (ṣīn, “Chinese; porcelain”), probably from Sanskrit चीन (cīna). The spelling is a carryover from the Za'aba Spelling used before 1972, to distinguish it from Cina (“Chinese people”).


Cyprus

Cyprus (an island and country in the Mediterranean Sea, normally considered politically part of Southeast Europe but geographically part of Western Asia).


Hungary

هوڠݢري (Jawi)

Unadapted borrowing from English Hungary.


Indonesia

ايندونيسيا (Jawi)

Indonesia (a country and archipelago in maritime Southeast Asia)


Maldives

مالديۏ (Jawi)

Unadapted borrowing from English Maldives.

Maldives (an archipelago and country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean off the coast of India)


Portugal

ڤورتوݢل (Jawi)

Borrowed from Portuguese Portugal, from Latin Portus Cale, former name of what is now the city of Vila Nova de Gaia.

Portugal (a country in Southern Europe, on the Iberian Peninsula)


Syria

(Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei) Syria (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


Australia

From English Australia, from Latin terra austrālis incōgnita (“unknown southern land”), from auster (“the south wind”).

uder

Australia (A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as a former colony in the British Empire)

(geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands)


Brunei

Probably ultimately from Sanskrit वरुण (váruṇa), which also referred to the island of Borneo.


Sri Lanka

From Sanskrit श्री लङ्का (śrī laṅkā, literally “holy island”).

der

Sri Lanka (an island and country in South Asia, off the coast of India)


Croatia

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

(Malaysia) Croatia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


England

ايڠلند (Jawi)


Danish

Borrowed from Persian دانش (“knowledge”).


Korea

Indonesian: Korea

Ultimately from Sino-Korean 고려(高麗) (Goryeo).


matahari

ماتاهاري (Jawi)

Indonesian: matahari

sun (the star around which the Earth revolves)


PBB

Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu
w:ms:Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu

(Malaysian politics) Initialism of Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu (“United Bumiputera Heritage Party”).


Johor

→ English: Johor, Johore

From Arabic جَوْهَر (jawhar), from Classical Persian گَوهَر (gawhar).


Negeri Sembilan

ms-proper noun

Negeri Sembilan (Jawi spelling نݢري سمبيلن)

نݢري سمبيلن (Jawi)

→ English: Negeri Sembilan

negeri (“state”) + sembilan (“nine”).
The name was derived from nine original regions that the state formerly controlled, including Naning (now part of Melaka), Segamat (now part of Johor), Ulu Pahang (now part of Pahang), and Klang (now part of Selangor).


Pahang

Unknown, probably from Khmer ប៉ាហាំង (paahang, “tin”).


Sabah

Sabah (state in Malaysia): A state in eastern Malaysia located at the Northern part of the Borneo island with the main city Kota Kinabalu as its capital.


Sarawak

From Sarawak Malay serawak (“antimony”). Doublet of serawak.


Selangor

سلاڠور (Jawi)


Terengganu

ترڠݢانو (Jawi)


Kuala Lumpur

Kuala Lumpur (Jawi spelling کوالا لمڤور)

کوالا لمڤور (Jawi)

Kuala Lumpur (the capital city of Malaysia)

Kuala Lumpur (a federal territory of Malaysia)


Putrajaya

ڤوتراجاي (Jawi)

putra (“prince”) + jaya (“success”), ultimately from Sanskrit पुत्र (putra) + जय (jayá); from the name of the first Prime Minister of Malaysia, Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra.

Putrajaya (a federal territory in western Malaysia)

Putrajaya (the administrative capital of Malaysia)


Labuan

لابوان (Jawi)

Labuan (a federal territory of Sabah, Malaysia)


Johor Bahru

جوهر بهرو (Jawi)

Johor Bahru (the capital city of Johor, Malaysia)


Alor Setar

الور ستار (Jawi)

Alor Setar (the capital city of the state of Kedah, Malaysia)


Kota Bharu

کوت بهارو (Jawi)

Kota Bharu (the capital city of Kelantan, Malaysia)


Seremban

Seremban (the capital city of Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia)


Kuantan

کوانتن (Jawi)

Founded in the 1850s, mentioned by Abdullah bin Abdul Kadir (Munshi Abdullah) circa 1851/2.

Kuantan (the capital city of Pahang, Malaysia)


Ipoh

→ English: Ipoh

→ Chinese: 怡保 (Yíbǎo)

From ipuh, from Proto-Malayic *hipuh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qipuq.

Ipoh (the capital city of the state of Perak, Malaysia)


Kangar

Kangar (the capital city of Perlis, Malaysia)


Kota Kinabalu

کوتا کينابالو

Kota Kinabalu (Jawi spelling کوتا کينابالو)

کوتا کينابالو (Jawi)

Kota Kinabalu (the capital city of Sabah, Malaysia)


Kuching

Kuching (the capital city of Sarawak, Malaysia)


Shah Alam

شاە عالم (Jawi)

From the name of the sultan of Selangor, Sultan Alam Shah.

Shah Alam (the capital city of Selangor, Malaysia)


Kuala Terengganu

کوالا ترڠݢانو

Kuala Terengganu (Jawi spelling کوالا ترڠݢانو)

کوالا ترڠݢانو (Jawi)

Kuala Terengganu
Kuala Terengganu#English

Kuala Terengganu (the capital city of Terengganu, Malaysia)


Muslim

Muslim (Jawi spelling مسلم, plural Muslimin or Muslim-Muslim)

مسلم (Jawi)
Muslimin (plural)
Muslim-Muslim (plural)

Indonesian: muslim

Borrowed from Arabic مُسْلِم (muslim, “one who submits”).


Islam

Indonesian: Islam


Asia

Indonesian: Asia

Borrowed from Dutch Azië, ultimately from Latin Asia, from Ancient Greek Ᾰ̓σῐ́ᾱ (Ăsĭ́ā).


PBS

Parti Bersatu Sabah
w:ms:Parti Bersatu Sabah

(Malaysian politics) Initialism of Parti Bersatu Sabah (“United Sabah Party”).


Bali

Bali (an island and province of Indonesia)


Jakarta

Jakarta (a province and capital city of Indonesia)


George Town

جورج تاءون (Jawi)

Unadapted borrowing from English George Town.

ubor

George Town (the capital of Penang, Malaysia)

George Town (the capital of the Cayman Islands)


Allah

From Arabic اَللّٰه (allāh); ultimately from Proto-Semitic *ʾil-.


Jepang

(historical, chiefly Indonesia) Japan (A country in the Far East of Asia)

(historical, chiefly Indonesia) Japanese (ethnic group)

(historical, chiefly Indonesia) Japanese (language)


Urdu

From Classical Persian اُرْدُو (urdū), from Proto-Turkic *ordu (“army, camp”).


Aaron

From English Aaron, from Latin Aaron, from Ancient Greek Ἀαρών (Aarṓn), from Hebrew אַהֲרֹן (ʾAhărōn). Doublet of Harun.


Belanda

> Indonesian: Belanda (inherited)

→ Iban: Belanda

→ Tausug: Balanda'

→ Thai: วิลันดา (wí-lan-daa)

From Javanese ꦮꦭꦤ꧀ꦢ (walanda), from Portuguese Holanda (“Holland”), from Old Dutch holt lant (“woodland”).

Holland (a traditional region in the Netherlands formed by two modern provinces, North Holland and South Holland)

Holland, the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe)


Jerman

From English German, from Latin Germania.

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Rusia

Earlier spelled as روشيا (Rusyia), borrowed from English Russia, from Medieval Latin Russi (“the people of Russia”), from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ, “Rus”) (whence Arabic رُوس (rūs) and Byzantine Greek Ῥῶς (Rhôs)), which originally referred to a group of Varangians who established themselves near Kiev in the 9th century and ruled Kievan Rus; probably from Proto-Finnic *roocci, from Old East Norse *roþs- (“related to rowing”); related to Old Norse Roþrslandi (“the land of rowing”), an older name of Roslagen, where the Finns first encountered the Swedes. Ultimately from Old Norse róðr (“steering oar”), from Proto-Germanic *rōþrą (“rudder”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁- (“to row”).

der

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Praha

Prague (the capital city of the Czech Republic)


PDB

Polis Diraja Brunei
w:ms:Polis Diraja Brunei

(Brunei, law enforcement) Initialism of Polis Diraja Brunei (“Royal Brunei Police Force”)


Cina

Indonesian: Cina

From a phonetic transcription of Sanskrit चीन (Cīna), probably derived from Old Chinese 秦 (*zin, “State of Qin, Qin dynasty”).

Dia fasih bercakap bahasa Cina.


Abdul

head

Abdul (Jawi spelling عبد, abbreviation Abd.)

From Arabic عَبْد (ʕabd, “servant [of]”) + ال (al-, “the”).

A male given name from Arabic usually used by Muslims.


Abdullah

عبد الله (Jawi)


Adam

(Abrahamism, religion) The first man and the progenitor of the human race.


Türkiye

Unadapted borrowing from Turkish Türkiye.

ubor

(neologism, official, uncommon) Turkey (a country located in eastern Thrace in southeastern Europe and Anatolia in southwestern Asia)


Johan

Borrowed from Classical Persian جهان (jahān, “world”), from Middle Persian [script needed] (gyhʾn' /gēhān/, “worldly creatures, world”), from plural genitive form of Proto-Iranian *gay-θā-.

der

A male given name from Persian, meaning “champion”.


Kanada

کانادا (Jawi)


Afrika

افريکا (Jawi)

Borrowed from English Africa or Dutch Afrika, from Latin Āfrica.


Abraham

ابراهام (Jawi)


Amerika

اميريکا (Jawi)

Bahasa Inggeris bahasa kebangsaan de facto Amerika.

English is the de facto national language of America.

United States of America
United States of America

Pertubuhan Negara-Negara Amerika


Agus

From bagus, from Proto-Malayic *bagus, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *bagus, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *bagus.

Alternative form of Bagus, a male given name from Malay


Chin

Translingual: chini

Datuk Chin Phui Kong, b. 1923


Hang

E.g.Hang Tuah, Hang Li Po

(historical) A title in early Malay Muslim states bestowed upon those who have done good for the state.


Jun

From English June, from Middle English jun, june, from juyng, from Old French juing, from Latin iūnius.

June (sixth month of the Gregorian calendar)


Mac

(Malaysia, Brunei) March (third month of the Gregorian calendar)


Minggu

From Portuguese domingo, from Latin dominīcus.


Natal

Indonesian: Natal

Borrowed from Portuguese Natal (via any dialects in contact with the Portuguese like Ambonese, Ternate etc) or creoles like Kristang, from Old Galician-Portuguese Natal, from Latin nātālis [diēs Dominī] (“birthday of the Lord”).

(Malacca, Indonesia, Christianity) Christmas; a festival/holiday commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ and incorporating various Christian, pre-Christian, pagan and secular customs, which is celebrated on December 25 in most places.


Oktober

اوکتوبر (Jawi)

From English October, from Middle English, from Old English, from Latin Octōber, from octō, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.

October (tenth month of the Gregorian calendar)


PH

(Malaysian politics) Initialism of Pakatan Harapan (“Alliance of Hope”).


Perak

From perak, from pirak, from Proto-Malayic *pirak.


Perancis

From Portuguese francês (“French”). Possible cognate to Malay perang (“blond”).


Rum

Borrowing from Persian روم or Arabic روم (Rūm), from Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrom), from Ancient Greek Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē), from Latin Roma (“Rome”).


Neptun

Neptune (eighth planet of the solar system)


Muhammad

head

Muhammad (Jawi spelling محمد, abbreviation Muhd.)

Baháʼí Baháʼí

(Islam) The figure who introduced Islam, and the man to whom the Qur'an was revealed; considered a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís.


Ibrahim

ابراهیم (Jawi)

Borrowed from Arabic إِبْرَاهِيم (ʔibrāhīm). Doublet of Berahim.

etymon

ar>إِبْرَاهِيم>prophet


Ismail

إسماعيل (Jawi)

From Arabic إِسْمَاعِيل (ʔismāʕīl), from Hebrew ישמעאל (yishma'él).

bor

Arabic إِسْمَاعِيل (ʔismāʕīl)


Ramadan

Indonesian: Ramadan


Safar

> Indonesian: Safar (inherited)

Safar (the second month of the Islamic calendar)


Aristotle

From Ancient Greek Ἀριστοτέλης (Aristotélēs).


DBP

Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka
w:ms:Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka

(Malaysia) Initialism of Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (“Institute of Language and Literature”)

Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Brunei
w:ms:Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Brunei

(Brunei) Initialism of Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Brunei (“Language and Literature Bureau”)


PN

Perikatan Nasional
w:ms:Perikatan Nasional

(Malaysian politics) Initialism of Perikatan Nasional (“National Alliance”).


Madagaskar

ماداݢاسکر (Jawi)

Madagascar (an island and country off the east coast of Africa)


Borneo

بورنيو (Jawi)


GBS

Gabungan Bersatu Sabah
w:ms:Gabungan Bersatu Sabah

(Malaysian politics) Initialism of Gabungan Bersatu Sabah (“United Alliance of Sabah”).


Kopenhagen

Copenhagen (the capital city of Denmark)


Inggeris

ايڠݢريس (Jawi)

Indonesian: Inggris

Borrowed from Portuguese ingrês, a now obsolete form of Portuguese inglês, from Old French angleis, from Old English Englisċ. Compare Tagalog Ingles.

An English, or more generally, British person.


Bandar Seri Begawan

ms-proper noun

بندر سري بݢاوان

Bandar Seri Begawan (Jawi spelling بندر سري بݢاوان)

بندر سري بݢاوان (Jawi)

Bandar Seri Begawan
Bandar Seri Begawan#English

Bandar Seri Begawan (the capital city of Brunei)


Julai

Borrowed from English July, from Middle English iulius, from Anglo-Norman julie, from Old French jule, from Latin iūlius, from Iuppiter, from Proto-Indo-European *dyeu-pəter-.

(Malaysia) July (seven month of the Gregorian calendar)


Siam

Indonesian: Siam

→ Pattani Malay: سيٍّي / ซีแย

(historical) Siam (The former name of Thailand, a country in Southeast Asia)

(informal, esp. Northern Peninsular) Thailand (in its modern form)


Ahmad

From Arabic أَحْمَد (ʔaḥmad), from حَمِدَ (ḥamida, “to thank or to praise”).


Timor

From timur (“east”), from Proto-Malayic *timur, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *timuʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *timuʀ.


Meriam

From Arabic مَرْيَم (maryam). Doublet of Maryam, Mariam, and Maria.

a female given name from Arabic: Mary, Miriam


Dalmatia

From English Dalmatia, from Latin Dalmatia.


Alkitab

ms-noun

Alkitab (Jawi spelling الکتاب, plural Alkitab-Alkitab)

Indonesian: Alkitab

From Classical Malay الكتاب (Alkitab), from Arabic الْكِتَاب (al-kitāb, “the book”).


Holanda

From Portuguese Holanda, from Old Dutch holt lant (“woodland”). Attested in 1901. Doublet of Belanda and Wolanda.

(archaic) Holland (a traditional region in the Netherlands formed by two modern provinces, North Holland and South Holland)

(archaic) Holland, the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe)

(archaic) The people of the Netherlands.


Aceh

Aceh (a special autonomous province of Indonesia, located on the northern tip of the island of Sumatra)


KD

(Malaysia, military, nautical) Initialism of Kapal Diraja (ship prefix for the Royal Malaysian Navy)


ابراهیم

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


Filipina

فيليڤينا (Jawi)

Philippines (a country in Southeast Asia)


Singapura

سيڠاڤورا (Jawi)

From Sanskrit सिंह (siṃhá, “lion”) and पुर (pura, “city”).

Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony)


Kristian

کريستيان (Jawi)

From English Christian, from Middle English Cristien, from Old French chrestien, from Latin Chrīstiānus, from Ancient Greek Χρῑστιᾱνός (Khrīstiānós), from Χρῑστός (Khrīstós, “Christ, anointed [one]”) + Latin suffix -ānus.


Yunani

From Arabic اليُونَان (al-yūnān, “Greece”), from Persian یونان (yunân), from Ancient Greek Ἰωνία (Iōnía, “Ionia”).


Dominika

دومينيکا (Jawi)

Dominica (an island and country in the Caribbean)


BN

(Malaysian politics) Initialism of Barisan Nasional (“National Front”).


Brunei Darussalam

ms-proper noun

بروني دارالسلام

Brunei Darussalam (Jawi spelling بروني دارالسلام)

بروني دارالسلام (Jawi)

Brunei Darussalam
Brunei Darussalam#English:_Q921

Brunei Darussalam (The official name of Brunei, a country in Southeast Asia)


Selasa

From Arabic الثَّلَاثَاء (aṯ-ṯalāṯāʔ).

der

الثَّلَاثَاء

Arabic الثَّلَاثَاء (aṯ-ṯalāṯāʔ)


Khamis

Borrowed from Arabic الْخَمِيس (al-ḵamīs).


Jumaat

Indonesian: Jumat


Sabtu

Borrowed from Arabic السَّبْت (as-sabt).


Nusantara

نوسانتارا (Jawi)

Borrowed either from Javanese ꦤꦸꦱꦤ꧀ꦠꦫ (Nusantara, “the islands”) or from Old Javanese nūsāntara (“the outer islands”). By surface analysis, blend of nusa + antara. Attested in a Malay Annals manuscript from 1808.

surface etymology

(geography) The Malay Archipelago; the islands comprising the countries of Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysian Borneo, Papua New Guinea, and the Phillipines.

(Indonesia, geography) The Indonesian Archipelago; the islands comprising the country of Indonesia or the geographical groups which include its islands.

Nusantara (the planned capital city of Indonesia, in East Kalimantan)


Eropah

ايروڤه (Jawi)

Indonesian: Eropa

Borrowed from Dutch Europa, from Middle Dutch europa, from Latin Eurōpa, from Ancient Greek Εὐρώπᾱ (Eurṓpā), Doric form of Εὐρώπη (Eurṓpē).


Anwar

A male given name from Arabic, meaning “luminous”.


Harun

Borrowed from Arabic هَارُون (hārūn), from Biblical Hebrew אהרן (ʔahăron).

a male given name from Arabic [in turn from Biblical Hebrew], equivalent to English Aaron


Maret

From Dutch maart, from Latin mārtius, from earlier Mavors.

(Indonesia) March (third month of the Gregorian calendar)


Mei

Borrowed from English May, from Middle English, from Old English, from Old French mai, from Latin māius, from Maia.

May (fifth month of the Gregorian calendar)


Muslimin

مسلمين (Jawi)

Borrowed from Arabic مُسْلِمِين (muslimīn). By surface analysis, Muslim + -in.


Mosko

Likely through Arabic, attested in the Hikayat Perang Setambul poem manuscript chronicling the Crimean War in the 19th century.

Moscow, the federal city, the capital of Russia.


Zuhrah

Borrowed from Arabic الزُّهَرَة (az-zuhara).

(astronomy) Venus (the second planet in the Solar system, named for the goddess; represented in astronomy and astrology by ♀)


SPR

Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya Malaysia
w:ms:Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya Malaysia

(Malaysia) Initialism of Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya Malaysia (“Election Commission of Malaysia”).


Rabu

Borrowed from Arabic الْأَرْبِعَاء (al-ʔarbiʕāʔ).

الْأَرْبِعَاء


SPAD

w:ms:Suruhanjaya Pengangkutan Awam Darat

(transport) Acronym of Suruhanjaya Pengangkutan Awam Darat (“Land Public Transport Commission”), a public transport regulatory agency in Malaysia


Indon

Clipping of Indonesia. Attested since at least the 1960s.

Kau pernah tak pergi Indon?


Tuhan

Reverential capitalization of tuhan (“a god”), from Proto-Malayic *tuhan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qatuan. Doublet of tuan.

God (single god of any monotheistic religion)


Yaman

Indonesian: Yaman

Borrowed from Arabic اَلْيَمَن (al-yaman)

Yemen (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Butterworth

بتتروورث (Jawi)

Unadapted borrowing from English Butterworth, after William John Butterworth.

ubor

Butterworth (a city in Penang, Malaysia)


Venis

From English Venice, its Jawi form بينيس was made popular by Za'ba's translation of The Merchant of Venice in 1949.


Itali

إيتالي (Jawi)


Mesir

From Classical Malay مصر (Mesir), from Arabic مِصْر (miṣr, “Egypt”).

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


Amerika Syarikat

ms-proper noun

اميريکا شريکت

Amerika Syarikat (Jawi spelling اميريکا شريکت)

اميريکا شريکت (Jawi)

Calque of Indonesian Amerika Serikat. By surface analysis, compound of Amerika + syarikat.

surf

United States of America
United States of America#English

United States of America (a country in North America)


RTM

Radio Televisyen Malaysia
w:ms:Radio Televisyen Malaysia

(Malaysia, broadcasting) Initialism of Radio Televisyen Malaysia (“Radio Television of Malaysia”), a state owned public broadcaster of Malaysia.


Yusuf

From Arabic يُوسُف (yūsuf), from Hebrew יוסף (Yōsēph).


PKR

People's Justice Party
w:People's Justice Party (Malaysia)

(Malaysian politics) Initialism of Parti Keadilan Rakyat. (People's Justice Party, Malaysian liberal political party.)


RTB

Radio Televisyen Brunei
w:ms:Radio Televisyen Brunei

(Brunei, broadcasting) Initialism of Radio Televisyen Brunei (“Radio Television Brunei”), a state owned public broadcaster of Brunei Darussalam.


Kroasia

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

(Indonesia) Croatia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Salih

From Arabic صَالِح (ṣāliḥ); the prophet's name literally means "pious."


Nuh

(religion) A figure in Abrahamic religions, believed to have built an ark to save his family and members of each species of animal from the Great Flood.


Melayu

From Malayu, a kingdom on Sumatra's eastern coast (today's Jambi). See more at English Malay.

orang Melayu

bahasa Melayu

Malay (ethnic group, people, and language)


Sepanyol

سڤاڽول (Jawi)

From Dutch spanjool (“Spaniard”), from Spanish español, from Latin Hispānia.

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


Afrika Selatan

ms-proper noun

افريکا سلاتن

Afrika Selatan (Jawi spelling افريکا سلاتن)

افريکا سلاتن (Jawi)

South Africa (a country in Southern Africa)


Republik Afrika Tengah

republik (“republic”) + Afrika (“Africa”) + tengah (“center”)

Central African Republic
Central African Republic#English:_Q929

Central African Republic (a country in Central Africa)


Arab Saudi

Saudi Arabia (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


بندر سري بݢاوان

بندر سري بݢاوان

Bandar Seri Begawan
Bandar Seri Begawan#Malay


mentari

منتاري (Jawi)


syamsi

Indonesian: syamsi

sun (the star around which the Earth revolves)


Ijok

From ijuk, from Proto-Malayic *ijuk, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *izuk.


Alor Star

(pre-2009) Obsolete spelling of Alor Setar.


Sungai Ujong

Sungai Ujong (Jawi spelling سوڠاي اوجوڠ)

سوڠاي اوجوڠ (Jawi)

Chinese: 芙蓉 (fúróng) (Mandarin: fúróng, Cantonese: fu4 jung4)

Seremban (the capital city of Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia)


Melaka

Probably after melaka (“Indian gooseberry”) that grows in the region.

Malacca (a state of Malaysia; capital and largest city: Malacca)

Malacca (the largest city, the state capital of Malacca, Malaysia)


Pulau Pinang

ڤولاو ڤينڠ (Jawi)

→ Burmese: ပီလောပီနံ (pilau:pinam)


Jesselton

Jesselton (the former name of Kota Kinabalu, the capital city of Sabah, Malaysia)


Langkawi

Blend of helang (“eagle”) + kawi (“reddish-brown”)


Arau

Arau (the royal capital of Perlis, Malaysia)


Changlun

→ Chinese: 樟崙 /樟仑 (Zhānglún)

→ Thai: จังลุน (jang-lun), จังโหลน (jang-lǒon)

Borrowed from Thai ช้างหล่น (cháang-lòn, literally “Fallen Elephant”).

bor+

Changlun (a town in Kubang Pasu district, Kedah, Malaysia)


Ahad

Borrowed from Arabic الْْأَحَد (al-ʔaḥad).


Muharam

> Indonesian: Muharam (inherited)

Muharram (the first month of the Islamic calendar)


KTM

Keretapi Tanah Melayu
w:ms:Keretapi Tanah Melayu

(Malaysia) Initialism of Keretapi Tanah Melayu (“Malayan Railways”), the state-owned railway operator in Peninsular Malaysia


کوالا لومڤور

ms-proper noun

کوالا لومڤور


syamsu

From Arabic شَمْس (šams), from Proto-Semitic *śamš-.


Isnin

bor+

الِاثْنَيْنِ


Arbaa

Borrowed from Arabic الْأَرْبِعَاء (al-ʔarbiʕāʔ).

الْأَرْبِعَاء


Berahim

براهیم (Jawi)

From Arabic إِبْرَاهِيم (ʔibrāhīm), from Hebrew אַבְרָהָם (avrahám). Doublet of Ibrahim.

uder

Arabic إِبْرَاهِيم (ʔibrāhīm)


براهیم

From Arabic إِبْرَاهِيم (ʔibrāhīm), from Hebrew אַבְרָהָם (avrahám).

Arabic إِبْرَاهِيم (ʔibrāhīm)

ابراهیم ابراهیم#Malay

Alternative form of ابراهیم, a male given name from Hebrew


Danial

دانيال (Jawi)

From Arabic دَانِيَال (dāniyāl), from Hebrew דניּאל (Daniyél).


دانيال

From Arabic دَانِيَال (dāniyāl), from Hebrew דָּנִיֵּאל (Daniyél).


Daud

From Arabic دَاوُد (dāwud), from Hebrew דָּוִד (Davíd).

(Christianity, Islam, Judaism) The prophet David who was also a king of Judah.


Bagus

From bagus, from Proto-Malayic *bagus, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *bagus, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *bagus.


اݢوس

From باݢوس, from Proto-Malayic *bagus, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *bagus, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *bagus.

باݢوس باݢوس#Malay

Alternative form of باݢوس, a male given name from Malay


Jawi

From Arabic جاوي (“Javan, of Southeast Asian origin”), a relative adjective (nisba) derived from جاوة (jāwa, “Java”) + ي (-i), from Javanese ꦗꦮꦶ (jawi), krama form of Javanese ꦗꦮ (jawa).

bor

Coordinate term: Rumi

tulisan Jawi

orang Jawi

bahasa Jawi


Rumi

Coordinate term: Jawi

Ellipsis of tulisan Rumi, the Latin alphabet adopted for Malay since the 19th century.


ڤيرق

Jawi spelling of Perak (“state in Malaysia”)


Lautan Teduh

Pacific Ocean (the world's largest body of water)


Lautan Pasifik

From lautan (“ocean”) + Pasifik (“Pacific”).


Januari

جانواري (Jawi)

Indonesian: Januari

→ Banjarese: Januari

→ Banyumasan: Januari

→ Buginese: januari

→ Gorontalo: Januari

→ Minangkabau: Januari

→ Sundanese: Januari

Borrowed from English January, from Middle English Ieneuer, from Anglo-Norman genever, from Latin iānuārius.

January (first month of the Gregorian calendar)


Februari

فيبرواري (Jawi)

Borrowed from English February, ultimately from Latin Februārius.

February (second month of the Gregorian calendar)


اڤريل

From English April, from Middle English apprile, from aueril, from Old French avrill, from Latin aprīlis.

April (fourth month of the Gregorian calendar)


جولاي

From English July, from Middle English iulius, from Anglo-Norman julie, from Old French jule, from Latin iūlius, from Iuppiter, from Proto-Indo-European *dyeu-pəter-.

July (seven month of the Gregorian calendar)


Ogos

Borrowed from English August, from Middle English August(us), from Old English Agustus, from Late Latin Agustus, from Latin augustus.

August (eighth month of the Gregorian calendar)


سيڤتيمبر

From English September, from Late Old English, Latin september, from septem, from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥.

September (nine month of the Gregorian calendar)


Disember

ديسيمبر (Jawi)

LL-Q9237 (msa)-GinormousBuildings-Disember (voiceless, rhotic).wav

LL-Q9237 (msa)-GinormousBuildings-Disember (voiced, rhotic).wav

Borrowed from English December, from Middle English December, Decembre, from Old French decembre, from Latin december (“tenth month”), from Latin decem (“ten”); + Latin -ber, from -bris, an adjectival suffix.

December (twelfth month of the Gregorian calendar)


ديسيمبر

From English December, from Middle English decembre, from Old French decembre, from Latin december, from decem, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.


Bera

→ Chinese: 百樂 /百乐 (Bǎilè)

→ Tamil: பெரா (perā)

Possibly from Semelai reba (“a type of seaweed”).

A city and district of Pahang, Malaysia.


Muslimah

ms-proper noun

Muslimah (Jawi spelling مسلمه, plural Muslimat or Muslimah-Muslimah)

مسلمه (Jawi)
Muslimat (plural)
Muslimah-Muslimah (plural)

From Arabic مُسْلِمَة (muslima, “female Muslim”). By surface analysis, Muslim + -ah.


Pancasila

From Sanskrit पञ्चशील (pañcaśīla), from पञ्च (pañca, “five”) + शील (śīla, “principle”). By surface analysis, panca- + sila.

Republic of Indonesia
Republic of Indonesia

Pancasila, the five principles of the Republic of Indonesia, i.e. God the Sole, nationalism, humanitarianism, democracy and social justice.


Port Dickson

ڤورت ديقسن (Jawi)

Port Dickson (a town and district of Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia)


Aljazair

الجزائر (Jawi)

(Indonesia) Algeria (a country in North Africa)


Turki

Borrowed from English Turkey, from Middle English Turkye, from Anglo-Norman Turkye, Medieval Latin Turcia, from Turcus (“Turk”), from Byzantine Greek Τοῦρκος (Toûrkos), from Classical Persian ترک (turk), from Middle Persian [script needed] (twlk' /Turk/), from Old Turkic 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜 (t²ür²k̥).

der

Turkey (a country located in eastern Thrace in southeastern Europe and Anatolia in southwestern Asia)


PAS

Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party
w:Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party

(politics) Initialism of Parti Islam Se-Malaysia. ("Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party", an Islamist and conservative political party in Malaysia)

gelombang hijau

"green wave", the growing support of PAS in Malaysian local elections


Hud

(Islam) The eleventh sura of the Qur'an.


Saleh

From Arabic صَالِح (ṣāliḥ); the prophet's name literally means "pious."

(Islam) A prophet of Islam who prophesied to the people of Thamud.


Korea Selatan

ms-proper noun

Korea Selatan (Jawi spelling کوريا سلاتن)

کوريا سلاتن (Jawi)


Korea Utara

کوريا اوتارا

Korea Utara (Jawi spelling کوريا اوتارا)

کوريا اوتارا (Jawi)

North Korea (a country in East Asia, whose territory consists of the northern part of Korea)


TNB

Tenaga Nasional Berhad
w:ms:Tenaga Nasional Berhad

Initialism of Tenaga Nasional Berhad, a government-owned company responsible for electricity transmission and distribution in peninsular Malaysia


Maryam

From Arabic مَرْيَم (maryam). Doublet of Mariam, Meriam, and Maria.

a female given name from Arabic: Mary, Miriam


Republik China

Républik China (Jawi spelling [[#Malay|]])

Républik China (canonical)
[[#Malay|]] (Jawi)

Republic of China
Republic of China#English:_Q865

Republic of China (a country in East Asia, modern-day Taiwan, the rump state left over from the Republic of China on the mainland after 1949)


Mekah

Mecca (a large city in the Hejaz, Saudi Arabia, the holiest place in Islam)


Negara Brunei Darussalam

نݢارا بروني دارالسلام

Negara Brunei Darussalam (Jawi spelling نݢارا بروني دارالسلام)

نݢارا بروني دارالسلام (Jawi)

Negara Brunei Darussalam
Negara Brunei Darussalam#English:_Q921

Negara Brunei Darussalam (the full name of the nation of Brunei)


Kampong Ayer

From kampong (“village”) + ayer (“water”), based on Johor-Riau Malay pronunciation (Za'aba spelling). The standard Malay equivalent would be Kampung Air.

Bandar Seri Begawan
Bandar Seri Begawan#English

Kampong Ayer (water village housing more than 30,000 people in Brunei's capital Bandar Seri Begawan)


Tanjung Verde

Tanjung Verde (Jawi spelling تنجوڠ ۏردي)

تنجوڠ ۏردي (Jawi)

Cape Verde (an archipelago and country in West Africa)


Hakim

Borrowed from Arabic حَكِيم (ḥakīm, “wise”).


Usman

عُثْمَان (Jawi)

Ultimately from Arabic عُثْمَان (ʕuṯmān).

bor

Arabic عُثْمَان (ʕuṯmān)


Ishak

From Arabic إِسْحَاقَ (ʔisḥāqa). Doublet of Sehak.

Arabic إِسْحَاقَ (ʔisḥāqa)


ilahi

Ultimately from Arabic إِلٰهِي (ʔilāhī).


Jalur Gemilang

ms-proper noun

Jalur Gemilang (Jawi spelling جالور ݢميلڠ)

جالور ݢميلڠ (Jawi)

Jalur + Gemilang. Literally means "glorious stripes".


Abad Pertengahan

head

Abad Pertengahan (Jawi spelling ابد ڤرتڠهن)

ابد ڤرتڠهن (Jawi)


Insta

اينستا (Jawi)


Habsyah

From Classical Malay حبشة (Habsyah), from Arabic اَلْحَبَشَة (al-ḥabaša).

(Malaysia) Ethiopia (a country in East Africa)


Nasrani

نصراني (Jawi)

Borrowed from Arabic نَصْرَانِيّ (naṣrāniyy, “Christian”). Doublet of Serani.


Antartika

انتارتيکا (Jawi)

From English Antarctica, from New Latin Antarctica.


Ang Mo Kio

Anggota Parlimen Ang Mo Kio, Encik Yeo Toon Chia akan merasmikan pengundian penjualan 975 unit flet jenis tiga, empat dan lima bilik di Bandar Ang Mo Kio pada 2.00 petang esok.

1978 March 26, “Yeo rasmikan undi flat Ang Mo Kio [Yeo officiates voting of Ang Mo Kio flats]”, in Berita Harian, Singapore, page 2:

Member of Parliament for Ang Mo Kio, Mr. Yeo Toon Chia will officiate voting for the sale of 975 units of three, four and five-room flats in Ang Mo Kio town at 2.00 pm tomorrow.


laksmi

Laksmi, the Hindu goddess of wealth, the consort of Vishnu and married to Rama (in her incarnation as Sita) and Krishna (as Radha and Rukmini).


Naufal

From Arabic نَوْفَل (nawfal), meaning "extremely generous". It can also mean "handsome young man" or "sea" or "ocean".


Lut

Borrowed from Arabic لُوط (lūṭ), ultimately from Hebrew לוֹט (lot).

(biblical) A nephew of Abraham in the Bible and Quran; Lot.


Nabil

Borrowed from Arabic نَبِيل (nabīl, “noble”).


Haris

Borrowed from Arabic حارث (“good provider”).


Yesus

Learned borrowing from Latin Iēsūs (“Jesus”), from Ancient Greek Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs), from Hebrew יֵשׁוּעַ (Yēšûaʿ).

der

Hebrew יֵשׁוּעַ (Yēšûaʿ)


Kampar

→ English: Kampar

→ Chinese: 金寶 /金宝 (jīnbǎo)

Kampar (a town in the state of Perak, Malaysia)


سيڠاڤورا

Jawi spelling of Singapura: Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony)


Putih

From Proto-Malayic *putih, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)putiq.

A unisex given name meaning “white” or “pure”.


UKM

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
w:ms:Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Initialism of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.


PKM

Parti Komunis Malaya
w:ms:Parti Komunis Malaya

(Malaysia, Singapore, politics, historical) Initialism of Parti Komunis Malaya (“Malayan Communist Party”).


Hari Raya Aidilfitri

Compound of hari raya + Arabic عِيد اَلْفِطْر (ʕīd al-fiṭr).

compound

عِيد اَلْفِطْر

Selamat Hari Raya Aidilfitri, Maaf Zahir dan Batin.

[We wish you] a blessed Eid al-Fitr, [may you] forgive [our] physical and emotional [wrongdoings].

Eid al-Fitr (feast celebrated after the end of Ramadan)


Hari Raya Aidiladha

Compound of hari raya + Arabic عِيد الْأَضْحَى (ʕīd al-ʔaḍḥā).

عِيد الْأَضْحَى

Eid al-Adha (feast of sacrifice observed on 10 Dhul Hijjah of the Hijri calendar)


Hari Raya Puasa

→ Tausug: Haylaya Puasa

Combination of hari raya + puasa, referring to the end of fasting on the month of Ramadan.

Hari Raya Aidilfitri
Hari Raya Aidilfitri#Malay


Hari Raya Haji

Hari Raya Aidiladha
Hari Raya Aidiladha#Malay


Serani

Borrowed from Arabic نصراني (naṣrāniyy, “Christian”). Doublet of Nasrani.


Iskandariah

اسکندرية (Jawi)

From Arabic الْإِسْكَنْدَرِيَّة (al-ʔiskandariyya).

bor

الْإِسْكَنْدَرِيَّة


Lubnan

Lebanon (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Palestin

ڤلسطين (Jawi)

From English Palestine, from Latin Palaestīna.


Maran

→ Chinese: 馬蘭 /马兰 (mǎlán)

desc

→ Tamil: மாரான் (mārāṉ)

→ Tamil: மாரான் (mārāṉ)

A town and district of Pahang, Malaysia.


Golok

(sungai~) A river in Malaysia and Thailand that flows north-eastwards on the border of both countries.


Kustantiniyah

قسطنطنيه (Jawi)

From Arabic الْقُسْطَنْطِينِيَّة (al-qusṭanṭīniyya). Its Jawi form قسطنطنيه is attested as far back as 1903 in a correspondence using the Malay language between Hashim Jalilul Alam of Brunei and his Ottoman contemporary Abdul Hamid II.

bor

الْقُسْطَنْطِينِيَّة

Constantinople, (the former name of Istanbul, now a city in Turkey.)


Bukit Aman

بوکيت امان (Jawi)

Named after the location of the Royal Malaysia Police's headquarters building.

(informal, colloquial, slang, metonymically) the Royal Malaysia Police; the police


Perang Dunia Pertama

[pəɣäŋ dunʲə pətämə]

Compound of perang (“war”) + dunia (“world”) + pertama (“first”).


Zaman Batu

زمان باتو (Jawi)


Laut Mati

لاءوت ماتي (Jawi)

Dead Sea (a highly saline lake in Israel, Palestine and Jordan)


Bima Sakti

Borrowing from Javanese ꦧꦶꦩꦱꦼꦏ꧀ꦠꦶ (bimasekti), ultimately put together from Sanskrit भीम (bhīma, “Bhima”, literally “a character from the Mahabharata, a popular epic in Javanese culture”)) and Sanskrit शक्ति (śakti, “magical power”). This was derived from a Javanese myth that imagines the Milky Way in the sky as Bhima (the white stars) fighting a great snake (the black stripes).


Mekdi

From English McD's, an abbreviation of McDonald's.

(Malaysia, slang, colloquial) a McDonald's restaurant.


(Malaysia) Abbreviation of Negeri Sembilan.


Baitulmuqaddis

ms-proper noun

Baitulmuqaddis (Jawi spelling بيت المقدس)

بيت المقدس (Jawi)

From Arabic بَيْت الْمَقْدِس (bayt al-maqdis, “house of the place of worship, Al-Aqsa, Solomon's Temple”)

bor

بَيْت الْمَقْدِس

Jerusalem (the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine)


Padang Besar

ڤدڠ بسر (Jawi)

Padang Besar (a town in Perlis, Malaysia)


Teluk Intan

تلوق اينتن (Jawi)

→ English: Teluk Intan


Wasap

(colloquial) Alternative letter-case form of wasap


JAWI

w:Jabatan Agama Islam Wilayah Persekutuan

(Malaysia, Islam) Acronym of Jabatan Agama Islam Wilayah Persekutuan (“Islamic Religious Department of the Federal Territory, a branch of the government organisation JAKIM”).

Jabatan Agama Islam Wilayah Persekutuan

ms:Jabatan Agama Islam Wilayah Persekutuan

JAIS

Islamic law enforcement agency in Selangor


JAKIM

(Malaysia, Islam) Acronym of Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (“Department of Islamic Development Malaysia”).


Pangkal Pinang

→ English: Pangkal Pinang

Indonesian: Pangkalpinang

From compound of pengkal (“base”) + pinang (“betel nut, Areca catechu”).

compound

Bangka Belitung Islands
Bangka Belitung Islands#English

Pangkal Pinang (a city, the provincial capital of the Bangka Belitung Islands, Indonesia)


UPSR

→ English: UPSR

→ Chinese: UPSR

Initialism of Ujian Pencapaian Sekolah Rendah.

initialism

(education, historical) Primary School Achievement Test: A national examination taken at the end of the final year of primary school.


PERKESO

Pertubuhan Keselamatan Sosial
w:Pertubuhan Keselamatan Sosial

(Malaysia) Acronym of Pertubuhan Keselamatan Sosial (“organisation set up by the Malaysian government to provide social security protections for workers in Malaysia, known as SOCSO in English”).


Perang Dunia Kedua

ms-proper noun

ڤرڠ دنيا کدوا

Perang Dunia Kedua (Jawi spelling ڤرڠ دنيا کدوا)

ڤرڠ دنيا کدوا (Jawi)

Compound of perang (“war”) + dunia (“world”) + kedua (“second”).


UMNO

(politics) Initialism of United Malays National Organisation (“a Malay conservative political party in Malaysia”).


DBKL

(Malaysia) Initialism of Dewan Bandaraya Kuala Lumpur (“Kuala Lumpur City Hall, the city council that governs the city of Kuala Lumpur”).


Ilahi

Ultimately from Arabic إِلٰهِي (ʔilāhī).

Puji dan syukur pada Ilahi

c. 1987, “Sejahtera Malaysia”, Mohamed Rahmat (lyrics), Faizal Ali (music), Pentarama:


KWSP

(Malaysia) Initialism of Kumpulan Wang Simpanan Pekerja (“Employees' Provident Fund or EPF, Malaysian government body that provides savings for workers and retired people”).


Dong Zong

From Chinese 董總 /董总 (Dǒngzǒng), short for 馬來西亞華校董事聯合會總會 /马来西亚华校董事联合会总会 (“United Chinese School Committees Association of Malaysia”).

Persekutuan Persatuan Lembaga Pengurus Sekolah Cina Malaysia (Dong Zong) hari ini menyerahkan memorandum penolakan pembelajaran tulisan Jawi di sekolah vernakular kepada Kementerian Pendidikan, di sini.

The Confederation of the Federation of Chinese School Boards of Malaysia (Dong Zong) today has submitted a memorandum rejecting the teaching of Jawi writing in vernacular schools to the Ministry of Education.

an association that manages Chinese-language private schools in Malaysia, and advocates for Chinese-language education.


Iskandar

اسکندر (Jawi)

Either from Classical Persian اسکندر (iskandar) or from Arabic إِسْكَنْدَر (ʔiskandar), from Ancient Greek Ἀλέξανδρος (Aléxandros).

A male given name from Persian or Arabic.


Magindanau

ماݢينداناو (Jawi)

Borrowed from Maguindanao Magindanaw, which in turn could possibly be from maling danau.


Tanah Seribu

Calque of Malagasy Antananarivo. Popularised in the 1990s.

Antananarivo (capital city of Madagascar)


Yang di-Pertuan Agong

ms-proper noun

يڠ دڤرتوان اݢوڠ

Yang di-Pertuan Agong (Jawi spelling يڠ دڤرتوان اݢوڠ)

يڠ دڤرتوان اݢوڠ (Jawi)

(Malaysian politics) Yang di-Pertuan Agong (paramount monarch of Malaysia).


يڠ دڤرتوان اݢوڠ

يڠ دڤرتوان اݢوڠ

يڠ دڤرتوان اݢوڠ

Yang di-Pertuan Agong
Yang di-Pertuan Agong#Malay


Hari Kebangsaan

(Brunei) National Day of Brunei, which is held on February 23.

(Malaysia) Independence Day of Malaysia, which is held on August 31.

Saya beruntung kerana terdapat ramai orang Singapura - kira-kira 3,000 - yang menetap di UAE, dan komuniti Melayu Singapura di sana sangat aktif dan selalu bersua muka dalam pelbagai acara, terutama bagi sambutan Hari Kebangsaan!

2022 August 9, Rubiah Mohd, “Lebih kenali jati diri bila jauh di perantauan”, in Berita Harian (Singapore):

I feel lucky because there are many Singaporeans - about 3,000 - living in the UAE, and the Singaporean Malay community there is very active and always meet in various events, especially for the National Day celebration!

(Singapore) National Day of Singapore, which is held on August 9.


LGE

(Malaysian politics) Initialism of Lim Guan Eng. (Malaysian politician and accountant)


PRU

Pilihan Raya Umum
pilihan raya umum#Malay

(Malaysia, politics) Initialism of Pilihan Raya Umum (“general election”).


YDPA

(Malaysia) Initialism of Yang di-Pertuan Agong (“He Who is Made Lord, the paramount monarch of Malaysia”).


DSAI

(Malaysia, politics) Initialism of Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim (“Malaysian politician and Prime Minister”).


Firdaus

Borrowed from Arabic فِرْدَوْس (firdaws).


GRS

Gabungan Rakyat Sabah
w:ms:Gabungan Rakyat Sabah

(Malaysian politics) Initialism of Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (“Sabah People's Coalition”).


Bapa

(Christianity) God, the father of Creation.


Iesu Christi

Learned borrowing from Latin Iēsus Chrīstus.

learned borrowing

Tatkala Ieſu Chriſti jadi beranak, 20. Menjadi dari pada Roahulkadus, 21. Beranakki dari anak dara Mariam, jang bulom putus kawin dang-an Ioſeph, 23 Ieſus Salammani, bernamma Emanuel.

1629, Albert Cornelius Ruyl, lang Testamentum Baharu, arti-n’ja: jang d’jand’ji baharu dari Tuhanku Jesu Christi: bersalim kapada bassa Hulanda daan bassa Malaju, saperti jang adillan bassa Gregu.:


Abad Tengah

ابد تڠه (Jawi)


Rabu Abu

رابو ابو (Jawi)

Indonesian: Rabu Abu


Lautan Selatan

Indonesian: Lautan Selatan


JKR

Jabatan Kerja Raya
w:ms:Jabatan Kerja Raya

Initialism of Jabatan Kerja Raya (“Department of Public Works”), a government agency responsible for infrastructure in Malaysia


Emiriah Arab Bersatu

ms-proper noun

أميرية عرب برساتو

Emiriah Arab Bersatu (Jawi spelling أميرية عرب برساتو)

أميرية عرب برساتو (Jawi)

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English:_Q878

United Arab Emirates (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Guinea Khatulistiwa

Equatorial Guinea
Equatorial Guinea#English:_Q983

Equatorial Guinea (a country in Central Africa)


Macedonia Utara

ماکيدونيا اوتارا

Macedonia Utara (Jawi spelling ماکيدونيا اوتارا)

ماکيدونيا اوتارا (Jawi)


Kepulauan Marshall

کڤولاوان مارشال

Kepulauan Marshall (Jawi spelling کڤولاوان مارشال)

کڤولاوان مارشال (Jawi)

Marshall Islands
Marshall Islands#English:_Q709

Marshall Islands (A country consisting of two archipelagos in Micronesia, in Oceania)


Persekutuan Mikronesia

ڤرسکوتوان ميکرونيسيا

Persekutuan Mikronesia (Jawi spelling ڤرسکوتوان ميکرونيسيا)

ڤرسکوتوان ميکرونيسيا (Jawi)

Federated States of Micronesia
Federated States of Micronesia#English

Federated States of Micronesia (a country in Oceania)


Sudan Selatan

Sudan Selatan (Jawi spelling سودان سلاتن)

سودان سلاتن (Jawi)

South Sudan (a country in East Africa, formerly the southern part of Sudan)


Kepulauan Solomon

کڤولاوان سولومون

Kepulauan Solomon (Jawi spelling کڤولاوان سولومون)

کڤولاوان سولومون (Jawi)

Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands#English:_Q685

Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands#English:_Q148966

Solomon Islands (A country consisting of the majority of the Solomon Islands archipelago in Melanesia, in Oceania, as well as the Santa Cruz Islands)

Solomon Islands (An archipelago in Melanesia, split between the countries of the Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea)


Kota Vatikan

Kota Vatikan (Jawi spelling کوتا ۏاتيکن)

کوتا ۏاتيکن (Jawi)

Vatican City (a city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy)


Imadiyat

Borrowed from Latin Amadeus, from Latin amo (“love”) + deus (“god”).


Tanjong Malim

Tanjong Malim (Jawi spelling تنجوڠ ماليم)

تنجوڠ ماليم (Jawi)

Tanjong Malim (a town in Muallim district, Perak, Malaysia)


Tebing Barat

تبيڠ بارت (Jawi)

West Bank (a region of Palestine, claimed by both the State of Palestine and Israel)


JAIS

Jabatan Agama Islam Selangor
Jabatan Agama Islam Selangor#Malay

(Malaysia, Islam) Initialism of Jabatan Agama Islam Selangor (“Islamic Religious Department of Selangor, a branch of the government organisation JAKIM”).

JAWI

Islamic law enforcement agency in Kuala Lumpur


Yerusalem

Learned borrowing from Latin Hierusalem, from Ancient Greek Ἰερουσαλήμ (Ierousalḗm), from Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yərūšālayim).

der

יְרוּשָׁלַיִם

Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yərūšālayim)


Wikikamus

ويکيقاموس (Jawi)

wiki + kamus. Calque of English Wiktionary.


TUDM

Tentera Udara Diraja Malaysia
w:ms:Tentera Udara Diraja Malaysia

(Malaysia, military, aviation) Initialism of Tentera Udara Diraja Malaysia (“Royal Malaysian Air Force”).


PDRM

Polis Diraja Malaysia
w:ms:Polis Diraja Malaysia

(Malaysia, law enforcement) Initialism of Polis Diraja Malaysia (“Royal Malaysia Police”).


KPM

Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia
w:ms: Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia

Initialism of Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (“Ministry of Education of Malaysia”): MoE


Krismas

کريسمس (Jawi)

(Christianity) Christmas; a festival/holiday commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ and incorporating various Christian, pre-Christian, pagan and secular customs, which is celebrated on December 25 in most places.


Laut Rum

Laut (“sea”) + Rum (“Rome”), literally “Roman sea”. (compare with Arabic بحر الروم (“baḥr ar-rūm”))


Laut Kulzum

لاٴوت قلزم (Jawi)

Partial calque of Arabic بَحْرُ القُلْزُم (baḥru l-qulzum)

partial calque

بَحْرُ القُلْزُم


Pelabuhan Klang

ms-proper noun

Pelabuhan Klang (Jawi spelling ڤلابوهن کلڠ)

ڤلابوهن کلڠ (Jawi)

Port Klang (a town and port in the Klang District, Selangor, Malaysia)


Puchong

From pucung (“heron”). The spelling is a carry-over from the Za'aba Spelling used before 1972.

Puchong (a town, a in the Petaling District, Selangor, Malaysia)


Petaling Jaya

Petaling Jaya (Jawi spelling ڤتاليڠ جاي)

ڤتاليڠ جاي (Jawi)

Petaling Jaya (a city in the Petaling District, Selangor, Malaysia)


Slim River

سليم ريۏر (Jawi)

Slim River (a town in the Mualim District, Perak, Malaysia)


Republik Czech

ريڤوبليک چيک

Républik Czech (Jawi spelling ريڤوبليک چيک)

Républik Czech (canonical)
ريڤوبليک چيک (Jawi)

Czech Republic
Czech Republic#English:_Q213

Czech Republic (a country in Central Europe)


SPRM

Initialism of Suruhanjaya Pencegahan Rasuah Malaysia (“Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission”): MACC


SUHAKAM

Hak Asasi Manusia
hak asasi manusia#Malay

(Malaysia) Acronym of Suruhanjaya Hak Asasi Manusia Malaysia (“Malaysia Human Rights Commission”).

ms:Suruhanjaya Hak Asasi Manusia Malaysia


TLDM

Tentera Laut Diraja Malaysia
w:ms:Tentera Laut Diraja Malaysia

(Malaysia, military, nautical) Initialism of Tentera Laut Diraja Malaysia (“Royal Malaysian Navy”).


MARA

Majlis Amanah Rakyat
w:ms:Majlis Amanah Rakyat

(Malaysia) Acronym of Majlis Amanah Rakyat (“People's Trust Council”).


Laut Merah

Laut Mérah (canonical)
لاٴوت ميره (Jawi)


Perjanjian Lama

ڤرجنجين لاما

Perjanjian Lama (Jawi spelling ڤرجنجين لاما)

ڤرجنجين لاما (Jawi)

Coordinate term: Perjanjian Baru


Perjanjian Baru

ڤرجنجين بارو

Perjanjian Baru (Jawi spelling ڤرجنجين بارو)

ڤرجنجين بارو (Jawi)

Coordinate term: Perjanjian Lama


ڤرڠ دنيا کدوا

ڤرڠ دنيا کدوا

Perang Dunia Kedua
Perang Dunia Kedua#Malay


Chukai

→ Chinese: 朱蓋 /朱盖 (Zhūgài)

→ Tamil: சுக்காய் (cukkāy)

From cukai (“tax”). The spelling is a carry-over from the Za'aba Spelling used before 1972.

Chukai (a town, the capital of the Kemaman District, Terengganu, Malaysia)


Republik Filipina

ريڤوبليک فيليڤينا

Républik Filipina (Jawi spelling ريڤوبليک فيليڤينا)

Républik Filipina (canonical)
ريڤوبليک فيليڤينا (Jawi)

Republic of the Philippines#English:_Q928

Republic of the Philippines (Official name for Philippines.)


Republik Rakyat China

ريڤوبليک رعيت چينا

Républik Rakyat China (Jawi spelling ريڤوبليک رعيت چينا)

Républik Rakyat China (canonical)
ريڤوبليک رعيت چينا (Jawi)

People's Republic of China#English:_Q148

People's Republic of China (a country in East Asia, The official name of China, sometimes contrasted to the Republic of China (Taiwan))


Timur Tengah

تيمور تڠه (Jawi)


Kantonis

Borrowed from Portuguese cantonês.
The pronunciation of this word has been influenced by English Cantonese.


Maha Kaya

head

Maha Kaya (Jawi spelling مها کاي, used in the form yang Maha Kaya)

مها کاي (Jawi)
yang Maha Kaya (used-in-the-form)

Compound of maha (“most”) + kaya (“powerful”).

com+

(Islam) A name or title for God meaning "the Almighty".


Nismilan

(slang, informal) Negeri Sembilan (state in Malaysia)


Republik Congo

Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo


Republik Demokratik Congo

ms-proper noun

ريڤوبليک ديموکراتيک کونݢو

Républik Démokratik Congo (Jawi spelling ريڤوبليک ديموکراتيک کونݢو)

Républik Démokratik Congo (canonical)
ريڤوبليک ديموکراتيک کونݢو (Jawi)

Democratic Republic of the Congo#English:_Q974

Democratic Republic of the Congo (a country in Central Africa)


Sao Tome dan Principe

Sao Tome and Principe
Sao Tome and Principe


Lautan Atlantik

لاءوتن اتلنتيک

Lautan Atlantik (Jawi spelling لاءوتن اتلنتيک)

لاءوتن اتلنتيک (Jawi)


Lautan Artik

لاءوتن ارتيک

Lautan Artik (Jawi spelling لاءوتن ارتيک)

لاءوتن ارتيک (Jawi)


Lautan Hindi

لاوتن هندي (Jawi)


APMM

w:ms:Agensi Penguatkuasaan Maritim Malaysia

(Malaysia, law enforcement, nautical) Initialism of Agensi Penguatkuasaan Maritim Malaysia (“Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency”).


Konoha

Ultimately from Japanese 木ノ葉隠れ (“Hidden Leaf Village”), a fictional village mentioned in the Naruto franchise whose characters and character dynamics are noted for some similarities between it and Indonesia. Usage known to have originated from Indonesia itself (via cultural osmosis between Indonesia and surrounding Malayophone neighbours), use in Malaysia as a nationalistic slur against Indonesian citizens.

(Malaysia, derogatory, Internet slang) Indonesia


PASKAL

Pasukan Khas Laut
w:ms:Pasukan Khas Laut

(Malaysia, military) Acronym of Pasukan Khas Laut (“Naval Special Warfare Forces”) a special operations force of the Royal Malaysian Navy


PALAPES

Pasukan Latihan Pegawai Simpanan
w:ms:Pasukan Latihan Pegawai Simpanan

(Malaysia, military) Acronym of Pasukan Latihan Pegawai Simpanan (“Reserve Officer Training Unit”).


UPNM

w:ms:Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia

(Malaysia, military) Initialism of Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (“National Defence University of Malaysia”).


ABDB

Angkatan Bersenjata Diraja Brunei
w:ms:Angkatan Bersenjata Diraja Brunei

(Brunei, military) Initialism of Angkatan Bersenjata Diraja Brunei (“Royal Brunei Armed Forces”).


TLDB

Tentera Laut Diraja Brunei
w:ms:Tentera Laut Diraja Brunei

(Brunei, military, nautical) Initialism of Tentera Laut Diraja Brunei (“Royal Brunei Navy”).


Muslimat

مسلمات (Jawi)

Borrowed from Arabic مُسْلِمَات (muslimāt). By surface analysis, Muslim + -at.


Syinto

The traditional religion of Japanese society; Shinto.


KEMENTAH

Kementerian Pertahanan Malaysia
w:ms:Kementerian Pertahanan Malaysia

(Malaysia) Acronym of Kementerian Pertahanan Malaysia (“Malaysian Ministry of Defence”).


اميريکا شريکت

ms-proper noun

اميريکا شريکت


Baitulmaqdis

بيت المقدس (Jawi)


کوريا اوتارا

کوريا اوتارا


بروني دارالسلام

بروني دارالسلام

Brunei Darussalam
Brunei Darussalam#Malay


JKNS

Jabatan Keretapi Negeri Sabah
w:ms:Jabatan Keretapi Negeri Sabah

(Malaysia) Initialism of Jabatan Keretapi Negeri Sabah (“Sabah State Railway, the main rail operator in the East Malaysian state of Sabah”).


Syaaban

bor

Arabic شَعْبَان (šaʕbān)


Soleh

From Arabic صَالِح (ṣāliḥ); the prophet's name literally means "pious."


JKKN

w:ms:Jabatan Kebudayaan dan Kesenian Negara

(Malaysia) Initialism of Jabatan Kebudayaan dan Kesenian Negara (“National Department for Culture and Arts”).


Bapa Kami

After the incipit of the Malay translation of the Lord's Prayer.
Literally, “Our Father”.


Perang Tiga Puluh Tahun

ms-proper noun

ڤراڠ تيݢ ڤولوه تاهون

Perang Tiga Puluh Tahun (Jawi spelling ڤراڠ تيݢ ڤولوه تاهون)

ڤراڠ تيݢ ڤولوه تاهون (Jawi)


Asia Tengah

اسيا تڠه (Jawi)


MABBIM

w:ms:Majlis Bahasa Brunei Darussalam-Indonesia-Malaysia

Acronym of Majlis Bahasa Brunei Darussalam-Indonesia-Malaysia (“Language Council of Brunei Darrusalam-Indonesia-Malaysia”).


Jihan

A female given name from Persian, meaning “champion”.


MSSM

w:ms:Majlis Sukan Sekolah Sekolah Malaysia

(Malaysia) Initialism of Majlis Sukan Sekolah-Sekolah Malaysia (“Malaysian School Sports Council”).


PBRS

Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah
w:ms:Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah

(Malaysian politics) Initialism of Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah (“United Sabah People's Party”).


PPRS

Parti Perpaduan Rakyat Sabah
w:Parti Perpaduan Rakyat Sabah

(Malaysian politics) Initialism of Parti Perpaduan Rakyat Sabah (“Sabah People's Unity Party”).


PUTD

Pasukan Udara Tentera Darat
w:ms:Pasukan Udara Tentera Darat

(Malaysia, military, aviation) Initialism of Pasukan Udara Tentera Darat (“Malaysian Army Aviation”).


JBPM

w:ms:Jabatan Bomba dan Penyelamat Malaysia

(Malaysia) Initialism of Jabatan Bomba dan Penyelamat Malaysia (“Fire and Rescue Department of Malaysia”).


Sehak

From Arabic إِسْحَاقَ (ʔisḥāqa). Doublet of Ishak.

bor

Arabic إِسْحَاقَ (ʔisḥāqa)


Wolanda

From Javanese ꦮꦭꦤ꧀ꦢ (walanda), from Portuguese Holanda, from Old Dutch holt lant (“woodland”). Attested in 1901. Doublet of Belanda and Holanda.

(archaic) Holland (a traditional region in the Netherlands formed by two modern provinces, North Holland and South Holland)

(archaic) Holland, the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe)

(archaic) The people of the Netherlands.


ABIM

Angkatan Belia Islam Malaysia
Angkatan Belia Islam Malaysia#Malay

Acronym of Angkatan Belia Islam Malaysia.


Pulau Brani

→ English: Pulau Brani

Compound of pulau + berani, literally “Isle of the Brave”.


Abyad

A male given name from Arabic, meaning “white”.


Jurong

→ Chinese: 裕廊 (Yùláng)

→ English: Jurong

Named after the river Sungei Jurong. Either from jurang (“gap, ravine”), jerung (“shark”) or penjuru (“corner”).


Bukit Merah

→ English: Bukit Merah

→ Chinese: 紅山 /红山 (Hóngshān) (calque)

Compound of bukit (“hill”) + hill (“red”).

Bukit Merah (a planning area and town in the Central Region of Singapore)


Batu Pahat

باتو ڤاهت (Jawi)

→ Chinese: 峇株巴轄 /峇株巴辖 (Bāzhū Bāxiá)

→ Tamil: பத்து பகாட் (pattu pakāṭ)

Batu Pahat (a town and district of Johor, Malaysia)


Sekijang

Either from:
* se- + kijang (“muntjac”)
* akar sekijang (“a plant, Erycibe princii”)

Sekijang (a federal constituency in Segamat, Johor, Malaysia)

(Pulau ~) A group of islands in the Central Region, Singapore, consisting of Saint John's Island and Lazarus Island.


Balik Pulau

باليق ڤولاو (Jawi)

desc

→ Chinese: 浮羅山背 /浮罗山背 (Fúluó Shānbèi) (calque)

balik (“behind; back”) + pulau (“island”)

com

The capital of Southwest district, Penang, Malaysia.


Sabak Bernam

سابق برنم (Jawi)

→ Chinese: 沙白安南 (Shābái Ānnán)

sabak (“vat; slate”) + berenam (“group of six”)


Sekinchan

سکينچن (Jawi)

→ Chinese: 適耕莊 /适耕庄 (Shìgēng Zhuāng)

Possibly from a corruption of English second chance after the British pardoned the Communists.

A town in Sabak Bernam district, Selangor, Malaysia.


Manjung

→ Chinese: 曼絨 /曼绒 (Mànróng)


Pasir Panjang

ms-proper noun

Pasir Panjang (Jawi spelling ڤاسير ڤنجڠ)

ڤاسير ڤنجڠ (Jawi)

→ Chinese: 巴西班讓 /巴西班让 (Bāxī Bānràng)

A subzone of Queenstown, Central Region, Singapore.

A state constituency in Manjung district, Perak, Malaysia.

A town in Port Dickson district, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

Kuala Terengganu
Kuala Terengganu#English

A village in Kuala Terengganu district, Terengganu, Malaysia.

A village in Kuching district, Sarawak, Malaysia.

A village in Sabak Bernam district, Selangor, Malaysia.

A village in Southwest district, Penang, Malaysia.


Temerloh

تمرلوه (Jawi)

→ Chinese: 淡馬魯 /淡马鲁 (Dànmǎlǔ)

→ Tamil: தெமர்லோ (temarlō)

A city and district of Pahang, Malaysia.


Bentong

desc

→ Chinese: 文冬 (Wéndōng), 文東 /文东 (Wéndōng)

→ Tamil: பெந்தோங் (pentōṅ)


Tanah Tinggi Cameron

ms-proper noun

تانه تيڠݢي کاميرون

Tanah Tinggi Cameron (Jawi spelling تانه تيڠݢي کاميرون)

تانه تيڠݢي کاميرون (Jawi)

Cameron Highlands
Cameron Highlands#English

Cameron Highlands (a hill station and district of Pahang, Malaysia).


تانه تيڠݢي کاميرون

تانه تيڠݢي کاميرون

Tanah Tinggi Cameron
Tanah Tinggi Cameron#Malay


Jerantut

جرنتوت (Jawi)

→ Chinese: 而連突 /而连突 (Érliántū)

desc

→ Tamil: ஜெராண்டுட் (jerāṇṭuṭ)

→ Tamil: ஜெராண்டுட் (jerāṇṭuṭ)

Possibly from blend of jeram (“rapids in a stream”) + Tut (“a person's name”).

blend

A town and district of Pahang, Malaysia.


Lipis

→ Chinese: 立卑 (Lìbēi)

→ Tamil: லிப்பிஸ் (lippis)

A district of Pahang, Malaysia. Capital: Kuala Lipis.


Pekan

→ Chinese: 北根 (Běigēn)

→ Tamil: பெக்கான் (pekkāṉ)


Rompin

رومڤين (Jawi)

→ Chinese: 雲冰 /云冰 (Yúnbīng)

→ Tamil: ரொம்பின் (rompiṉ)

Possibly from blend of ru (“beach ironwood”) + ramping (“slim”).

A district of Pahang, Malaysia. Capital: Kuala Rompin.


Seringat

→ Chinese: 實林格 /实林格 (Shílíngé)

(Pulau ~) An island in the Central Region, Singapore.


Perhentian

ڤرهنتين (Jawi)

desc

→ Chinese: 停泊島 /停泊岛 (Tíngbó Dǎo) (calque)

From perhentian (literally “station; stopping point”).

(Pulau ~) A group of islands in Terengganu, Malaysia consisting of Perhentian Besar and Perhentian Kecil.


Amerika Utara

North America
North America#English:_Q49


Amerika Selatan

South America
South America#English:_Q18


Kubang Pasu

کوبڠ ڤاسو (Jawi)

→ Chinese: 古邦巴素 (Gǔbāng Bāsù)

→ Thai: กูบังปาซู

→ Thai: กูบังปาซู

From kubang (“wallow; mud pool”) + pasu (“basin; deep bowl”).

com

Kubang Pasu (a district of Kedah, Malaysia)


Bukit Kayu Hitam

ms-proper noun

بوکيت کايو هيتم

Bukit Kayu Hitam (Jawi spelling بوکيت کايو هيتم)

بوکيت کايو هيتم (Jawi)

→ Chinese: 黑木山 (Hēimùshān) (calque)

→ Southern Thai: ควนไม้ดำ (calque)

desc

บูกิตกายูฮีตัม

→ Thai: บูกิตกายูฮีตัม

→ Thai: บูกิตกายูฮีตัม

From bukit (“hill”) + kayu (“wood”) + hitam (“black”), literally “Black Wood Hill”.

com

Bukit Kayu Hitam (a town in Kubang Pasu district, Kedah, Malaysia)


بوکيت کايو هيتم

ms-proper noun

بوکيت کايو هيتم


Kodiang

کودياڠ (Jawi)

→ Chinese: 高嶺 /高岭 (Gāolǐng)

Borrowed from Thai เขาแดง (kǎo-dɛɛng, literally “Red Mount”).

bor+

Kodiang (a town in Kubang Pasu district, Kedah, Malaysia)


bahasa orang putih

bahasa + orang putih, literally "white person's language".


Mengkasar

مڠکاسر (Jawi)

Setelah bertemu dengan kelengkapan Mengkasar lalu berperang berlanggar-langgaran.

After meeting with the Makassar equipment, they fought side by side.


Rukun Negara

ms-proper noun

Rukun Negara (Jawi spelling روکون نݢارا)

روکون نݢارا (Jawi)

→ English: Rukun Negara

Compound of rukun + negara. Literally meaning "national principles".

(politics) The declaration of Malaysia's national philosophy.


Ringgit Brunei

head

Ringgit Brunei (symbol $ or B$, code BND)


Ringgit Singapura

Ringgit Singapura (symbol $ or S$, code SGD)


Dolar Singapura

Dolar Singapura (symbol $ or S$, code SGD)


Kemaman

→ Chinese: 甘馬挽 /甘马挽 (Gānmǎwǎn)

desc

→ Tamil: கெமாமான் (kemāmāṉ)

→ Tamil: கெமாமான் (kemāmāṉ)


Merambong

مرمبوڠ (Jawi)

→ Chinese: 孟蘭邦島 /孟兰邦岛

→ Chinese: 孟蘭邦島 /孟兰邦岛

மெரம்போங் தீவு

→ Tamil: மெரம்போங் தீவு (merampōṅ tīvu)

→ Tamil: மெரம்போங் தீவு (merampōṅ tīvu)

(Pulau ~) Pulau Merambong (a shoal in Johor, Malaysia), formerly known as Pulo Ular.


Tuas

→ Chinese:

Hokkien: 大士 (Tōa-sū)

Mandarin: 大士 (Dàshì)

→ English: Tuas

→ Tamil: துவாஸ் (tuvās)

Tuas (a planning area in the West Region, Singapore)